CN101068473A - Pet food compositions having a defined relaxation property - Google Patents
Pet food compositions having a defined relaxation property Download PDFInfo
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- CN101068473A CN101068473A CNA2005800273900A CN200580027390A CN101068473A CN 101068473 A CN101068473 A CN 101068473A CN A2005800273900 A CNA2005800273900 A CN A2005800273900A CN 200580027390 A CN200580027390 A CN 200580027390A CN 101068473 A CN101068473 A CN 101068473A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/40—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for carnivorous animals, e.g. cats or dogs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/20—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by moulding, e.g. making cakes or briquettes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/25—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by extrusion
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Abstract
Disclosed herein are pet food compositions exhibiting a defined Maximum Relaxation Force and Maximum Relaxation Stress. The pet food compositions exhibit prolonged chew time by the pet. In optional embodiments, the pet food compositions comprise one or more of water, humectant, a grain source, or a cross-linking agent.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to have the pet food compositions of specified characteristic, it is believed that the required time length of the described composition of described characteristic and pet chew is relevant.
Background of invention
Known pet food compositions is by various ways and form.Great majority in these pet food compositions are tending towards stiff, as can be effectively by pet chew and edible compacting coarse grain pet food.According to the purposes of appointment or the function of composition, stiff may be desirable or worthless characteristic.For example, coarse grain food can provide required advantage, can make pet be easy to the food of edible nourishing equilibrium, as the required nutriment that earns a bare living is provided.Another example is to be easy to the frangible food of rewarding with bounties that eats equally, and it is the effective form that is used for good behavior is carried out corresponding award.
Then, providing difficult is favourable by the pet food compositions of pet chew.These compositions can be used for multiple purpose.For example, the chew of Chi Xuing is by the contact tooth coordinating and continue or discharge any therapeutic active substance at a slow speed and can cause favourable mechanical cleaning to tooth.In addition or alternatively, can improve conduct in question by continuing to enjoy described composition (by chewing), as continue to chew unsuitable object.
Unfortunately, compare with the above-mentioned purpose that expectation reaches, it is edible faster by pet that known chaw is tending towards, or alternatively or in addition, known chaw is hard or frangible.Other known chaw also comprises the rawhide of remarkable content or is made by rawhide fully, because the digestibility that rawhide causes harm (it can cause the pet vomiting), these chaws are unsuitable for pet.
It has been observed by the present inventors that and shown pet food compositions with following characteristic, without being limited by theory, it is relevant with the required time length of the described composition of pet chew that described characteristic it is believed that, described composition also shows to have hard or flexibility that frangible composition did not have simultaneously.Find that according to this present inventor now can provide the pet food compositions that can realize above-mentioned purpose, thereby some beneficial effect can randomly be provided, as the mechanical cleaning tooth, discharge any therapeutic active substance or improve conduct in question at a slow speed.This paper has described these and other beneficial effect of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
Herein disclosed is and show to have the maximum tension and relaxation stress of appointment and the pet food compositions of maximum tension and relaxation power.Specifically, described pet food compositions shows the maximum tension and relaxation power that has at least about 2.5MPa.Specifically, described pet food compositions shows the maximum tension and relaxation power that has at least about 1kN.Described pet food compositions shows to have the lasting pet chew time.
Summary of drawings
Fig. 1 has represented according to the power (is unit with kN) of three exemplary pet food compositions of the present invention of the maximum tension and relaxation power method test of this paper detailed description and the curve map of time (is unit with the second).
Fig. 2 has represented that according to measuring with how much irrelevant stress be the sample contrast that maximum tension and relaxation stress (MPa) is made, so that can relatively have the sample of different size.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
Running through this disclosure has enumerated and has comprised for example various kinds of document of publication and patent. All these documents are incorporated herein by reference. Anyly all may not be interpreted as its approval as prior art of the present invention for quoting of document.
Except as otherwise noted, all percentages and ratio are all calculated by weight.Except as otherwise noted, all percentages and ratio all calculate based on total composition.
The composition of this paper can comprise any feature described herein or embodiment, or is made up of it basically, or is made up of it.
Though illustrate and described multiple embodiments of the present invention and individual characteristics, under the situation that does not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can carry out multiple other change and modification to it.It is evident that also the embodiment that proposes in the aforementioned disclosure and all of feature combinations all are possible, and can cause preferred enforcement of the present invention.
Term used herein " pet " is meant domestic animal, preferably includes (for example) dog, cat, horse, ox, pig, rabbit etc.Domesticated dog and domestic cat, especially domesticated dog are especially preferred pets.
Composition of the present invention
Pet food compositions as herein described can be used for multiple use.It is believed that the lasting time of chewing is owing to multiple reason but especially favourable, described reason comprises, for example, enhancing contacts with tooth, thereby provide the opportune time (especially when wherein scrubbing or other prophylactic methods when inapplicable or impracticable) of mechanical cleaning tooth, discharge any therapeutic active substance at a slow speed, or the lasting composition (this can make the pet health and happiness usually, or distracts attention from destructive behavior (as chewing the non-above-mentioned household supplies of chewing that are intended to be used for)) of enjoying.
Without being limited by theory, it is believed that the lasting pet chew time is relevant with the special nature of described composition, described character relates to the elasticity or the elastic force of described composition.For simplicity, it is described as the tension and relaxation of " composition " herein.Therefore, it is believed that above-mentioned tension and relaxation is characterised in that, it is the factor of a performance group compound " chewiness sense ".Equally without being limited by theory, it is believed that herein the tension and relaxation intensity that the pet food compositions by maximum tension and relaxation power and/or the definition of maximum tension and relaxation stress strengthens, with described composition by pet when edible, the time of chewing lastingly of described composition is relevant.According to this correlation of being thought, this paper inventor is described as the tension and relaxation Z-TEK with the feature of the present composition and levies.For simplicity, it is defined as the maximum tension and relaxation power that described compositions display has herein.
Find that according to the maximum tension and relaxation power of this paper definition, a this paper pet food compositions (for example, have the quality of about 15 grams to about 70 grams) can choose wantonly at least about 5 minutes, or at least about 10 minutes, or at least about 20 minutes, or in 30 minutes, eaten up by pet.Compare pet food compositions as described in the pet of reduced size is tending towards eating up as small-sized dog in the longer time with those pets of large-size.
Described pet food compositions shows to have at least about 1kN, preferably at least about 1.5kN, more preferably at least about 1.8kN, also even more preferably at least about 2kN, also even more preferably at least about the maximum tension and relaxation power of 2.5kN.
Described pet food compositions shows to have at least about 2.5MPa, preferably at least about 2.8MPa, and more preferably at least about 3MPa, even more preferably at least about the maximum tension and relaxation stress of 3.5MPa.
The pet food compositions of this paper is fit to pet to be used.In this respect, will be as understood by persons of ordinary skill, the main application of composition described herein is to allow the pet use, therefore described composition is that such use is prepared.Term used herein " pet food compositions " is meant a kind of composition of being absorbed by pet of being intended to.This will advantageously comprise the food that aims to provide necessary dietary requirements (as food balanced in nutrition (according to the suggestion of generally acknowledging the authoritative sources in the pet nutrition field, those compositions are with proper content and ratio, comprise the known required nutriment that earns a bare living)), and replenishers used herein are meant and reward food and/or chaw with bounties.According to this disclosure, approve as those of ordinary skill, described pet food compositions preferably is used for the chaw of pet such as dog, wherein as maximum tension and relaxation power (as below this paper describe more comprehensively) and maximum tension and relaxation stress (as institute's description more comprehensively below this paper) as shown in, the time of chewing lastingly of being given by described composition can provide the favourable mechanical cleaning of tooth, the release at a slow speed of any therapeutic active substance, the enjoying enduringly of described composition, or the like.
The limiting examples of these pet food compositions is to be divided into those of chaw in the pet food industry, and it is intended to be chewed lastingly by pet.Chaw has various ways, comprises those that make by baking process, extrusion molding, injection molding, transfer moudling and/or compression molding.Masticatory movement makes pet gently gnaw through masticable composition, helps for example the cleaning health and/or the breath freshening of tooth.
Described pet food compositions can comprise any in the various ingredients, and precondition is maximum tension and relaxation power and/or the maximum tension and relaxation stress that described compositions display has appointment.Without being limited by theory, it is believed that and show that the composition with above-mentioned maximum tension and relaxation power and/or maximum tension and relaxation stress can randomly comprise water, wetting agent, beans source, cereal source or crosslinking agent, and similarly, this paper pet food compositions can be chosen wantonly and comprise at least a said components or above-mentioned other component, and precondition is maximum tension and relaxation power and/or the maximum tension and relaxation stress that compositions display has appointment.These and other optional components in the pet food compositions of the present invention is as described below:
In the optional embodiments of this paper, described pet food compositions comprises at least a wetting agent.Without being limited by theory, it is believed that containing one or more wetting agents can help to make composition can keep water (moisture), this further helps the tension and relaxation of composition, thereby helps and the time of chewing has the correlation of being thought.Wetting agent is that this area is extensively known, as is selected from the mixture of those and they of polyalcohol (as glycerine (also being called as glycerine usually), propane diols, glycerine, diglycerol, propane diols, triethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, sorbierite, mannitol, maltitol etc.), fatty acid ester (as glyceryl monostearate), sugar (as corn syrup, sucrose etc.).In one embodiment, described composition comprises at least a above-mentioned wetting agent or at least two kinds of above-mentioned wetting agents.Especially preferred wetting agent comprises polyalcohol (as glycerine) and sugar (as corn syrup, as high-fructose corn syrup).
In the embodiment of this paper, described composition can comprise all weight by described composition at least about 1%, or at least about 10%, or at least about 15%, or at least about 20%, or at least about 25%, optional all wetting agents of about 35% or 50% at most.Above-mentioned humectant content is meant all wetting agent total amounts that are contained in the composition.
In the embodiment of this paper, described pet food compositions comprises water.Without being limited by theory, it is believed that the water that has high level is the factor of facilitating the pet food compositions unique property, is the ability that its demonstration has tension and relaxation characteristic described herein specifically.
In the optional embodiment of this paper, described composition can comprise all weight by described composition at least about 5%, or at least about 10%, or at least about 14%, or at least about 15%, or at least about 18%, or at least about 20%, optional all water of maximum about 25% or 30%.
In the embodiment of this paper, described pet food compositions shows to have at least about 0.5, and is preferred about 0.75 preferably at least about 0.6, preferred about 0.8 water activity (A
w).The water activity can be measured according to this area ten minutes standard techniques.Comprise at described pet food compositions under the situation of water of high level, need comprise one or more mould inhibitors, as potassium sorbate, calcium propionate, or the like.
Optional benefit other component that is included in the composition used herein and comprise protein source, carbohydrate source and/or fat source, preferably comprise protein and carbohydrate at least.
The crude protein material can comprise vegetable protein such as soybean, cottonseed and peanut, or animal protein such as casein, albumin and meat albumen.The limiting examples that can be used for meat albumen of the present invention comprises the protein source that is selected from beef, pork, mutton, poultry, fish, vegetables and their mixture.Described composition also can comprise other material as doing whey and other diet accessory substance.
Carbohydrate can obtain from cereal source or beans source inclusion easily.Without being limited by theory, the existence that it is believed that above-mentioned cereal is the factor of facilitating the pet food compositions unique property, is the ability that its demonstration has tension and relaxation characteristic described herein specifically.In the embodiment of this paper, described pet food compositions comprises at least a cereal source.The cereal source is that this area is extensively known, as is selected from the mixture of those and they of corn, oat, rice, chinese sorghum, Chinese sorghum, barley, wheat.In the embodiment of this paper, described composition can comprise at least a cereal source or at least two kinds of cereal sources or at least three kinds of cereal sources.
The preferred wheat that uses.The wheat source can comprise for example whole wheat, flour, wheat gluten, wheat bran, wheat flour, wheat malt, wheaten starch and their mixture, or the like.Flour and wheat gluten and their mixture are especially preferred wheat sources.
The beans source is that this area is extensively known as soybean.
In the embodiment of this paper, described pet food compositions can comprise one or more crosslinking agents.Without being limited by theory, it is believed that above-mentioned crosslinking agent helps the three-dimensional structure of described pet food compositions, thereby help shown maximum tension and relaxation power that has of above-mentioned composition and/or maximum tension and relaxation stress.Crosslinking agent is that this area is extensively known as sulphur, racemethionine and sodium metabisulfite.
In the embodiment of this paper, described pet food compositions has lower fat content, this be to a great extent because with the similar reason of needs load more low in calories.By for example, with respect to fat content, increase carbohydrate and/or Protein content, can control fat content easily.For example, described pet food compositions is optional to be substantially free of fat, promptly refers to comprise by the weight of described composition less than about 4% fat.In other embodiments, described pet food compositions can comprise by the weight of described composition less than about 3%, or less than about 2% fat.
In the embodiment of this paper, described pet food compositions has lower heat load.This is especially favourable, wherein said composition is a food supplement, because except by improve and the balanced heat load that food provided, other heat load is worthless for pet, daily composition quantity that provides to pet especially is provided for this, or the foundation of other appointment.For example, described pet food compositions is optional to have every gram composition less than about 10 calories, or every gram composition is less than about 5 caloric heat load.
In the embodiment of this paper, described pet food compositions comprises one or more therapeutic active substance.For example, described pet food compositions can have chelating calcium, bacteria growing inhibiting, inhibition dental plaque, suppresses tartar (definition of this paper comprises calculus dentalis), improve the ability of oral malodor or the like.Described pet food compositions also can be advantageously used in and suppress periodontosis, gingivitis, breath odor etc.
In an embodiment that can be used for oral health, described pet food compositions can randomly comprise the soluble mineral component.Term about mineral constituent used herein " soluble " is meant at ambient temperature, is dissolved in contain (amount that the typical case is contained during chewing) in the water sample by the weight of described mineral constituent at least about 50% mineral constituent.Randomly, be meant under 25 ℃ about the term " soluble " of mineral constituent, equally by the weight of described mineral constituent at least about 75%, or be dissolved in this contain (amount that the typical case is contained during chewing) in the water sample at least about 90% mineral constituent.The soluble mineral component is provided, and wherein at least a portion phosphate component is coated on the surface of described composition, be integrated in the described composition, or both has concurrently.
Described composition can comprise a certain amount of soluble mineral component, and described amount is the effective dose that can be used as oral drugs, and is specified as mentioned.As an embodiment, described composition can randomly comprise weight by described composition at least about 0.01%, or at least about 0.02%, or at least about 0.05%, or at least about 0.1%, or at least about 0.15% mineral constituent.As another embodiment, described composition can randomly comprise by the weight of described composition about 0.01% to about 10%, or about 0.02% to about 5%, or about 0.05% to about 5%, or about 0.1% to about 2%, or about 0.15% to about 1% mineral constituent.The concrete Exemplary amounts that can choose every kind of mineral that are used for mineral constituent wantonly is described in hereinafter.
The soluble mineral component can randomly comprise one or more mineral, and described mineral are selected from zinc, manganese, tin, copper and their mixture.For example, a plurality of embodiment as herein described can comprise two or more or three kinds or whole four kinds in these mineral.In addition, the mineral of selecting can be modified, and for example, wherein said mineral are selected from manganese, tin, copper and their mixture.The exemplary mineral that comprise exemplary source and content are as described below:
The soluble mineral component can randomly comprise zinc.It is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art that the zinc source of soluble mineral component is provided.Exemplary zinc source comprises zinc sulfate, zinc gluconate, zinc chloride, zinc citrate, zinc lactate, zinc malate, zinc tartrate and their mixture.The zinc sulfate monohydrate is especially available zinc source.Compare with some other zinc source, zinc citrate can be given the delicious food of enhancing, this due to the chelation of citrate.When wherein said composition comprised zinc, described composition can randomly comprise weight by described composition at least about 0.001%, at least about 0.01%, and at least about 0.05%, or at least about 0.07%, or at least about 0.1% zinc ion.As another embodiment, wherein said composition comprises zinc, and described composition can randomly comprise all by the weight of described composition about 0.001% to about 1%, or about 0.005% to about 0.75%, or about 0.05% to about 0.5%, or about 0.1% to about 0.4% zinc ion.
The soluble mineral component can randomly comprise tin.The Xi Yuan that the soluble mineral component is provided is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art.Exemplary Xi Yuan comprises lactic acid tin, gluconic acid tin, tin acetate, STANNOUS SULPHATE CRYSTALLINE, malic acid tin and their mixture.When wherein said composition comprised tin, described composition can randomly comprise weight by described composition at least about 0.0001%, at least about 0.0005%, or at least about 0.001%, or at least about 0.0015% tin ion.As another embodiment, wherein said composition comprises tin, and described composition can randomly comprise all by the weight of described composition about 0.0001% to about 0.5%, or about 0.0005% to about 0.1%, or about 0.001% to about 0.05%, or about 0.001% to about 0.25% tin ion.
The soluble mineral component can randomly comprise copper.It is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art that the copper source of soluble mineral component is provided.The exemplary copper source comprises copper chloride, copper gluconate, copper sulphate, cupric glycinate, copper lactate, malic acid copper, copper acetate, copper citrate, cupric tartrate and their mixture.Copper gluconate is that this paper is especially preferred.When wherein said composition comprised copper, described composition can randomly comprise all weight by described composition at least about 0.0005%, or at least about 0.01%, or at least about 0.015%, or at least about 0.02% copper ion.As another embodiment, wherein said composition comprises copper, described composition can randomly comprise all by the weight of described composition about 0.0005% to about 0.5%, or about 0.0005% to about 0.1%, or about 0.01% to about 0.1%, or about 0.015% to about 0.05%, or about 0.02% to about 0.25% copper ion.
The soluble mineral component can randomly comprise manganese.It is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art that the manganese source of soluble mineral component is provided.Exemplary manganese source comprises manganese chloride, manganese sulfate, manganese gluconate, manganese acetate, malic acid manganese, manganese tartrate, manganese citrate, manganese lactate, glycine manganese and their mixture.The manganese sulfate monohydrate is especially available.When wherein said composition comprised manganese, described composition can randomly comprise weight by described composition at least about 0.0001%, or at least about 0.001%, or at least about 0.01%, or at least about 0.015%, or at least about 0.02% manganese ion.As another embodiment, wherein said composition comprises manganese, and described composition can randomly comprise all by the weight of described composition about 0.0001% to about 1%, or about 0.001% to about 0.5%, or about 0.01% to about 0.5%, or about 0.05% to about 0.4% manganese ion.
In the optional embodiments of this paper, wherein use mineral constituent, at least a portion mineral constituent is coated on the surface of described composition.Embodiment is consistent therewith, described mineral constituent can be provided on the surface of described composition, and can not endanger organ sensory characteristic or other key characteristic of composition basically.Equally, described composition can be fed satisfactorily to pet, and best effect can be provided simultaneously, because easy acquisition of described mineral constituent and rapidly dissolvable are in pet's oral cavity.In another alternative embodiment, all by the weight of described mineral constituent at least about 50%, or at least about 75%, or at least about 90%, or be coated on the surface of described composition at least about 95% mineral constituent.
In another embodiment of this paper, at least a portion mineral constituent is integrated in the edible composition.In the context of this invention, this is especially suitable, and wherein pet chews described composition in the lasting time.It has been observed by the present inventors that, in this embodiment, effect is strengthened by in the lasting time, obtaining mineral constituent.
In another embodiment of this paper, described composition can comprise mineral constituent and phosphate component.This phosphate component does not limit used phosphatic chain length.More properly say, when making up,, all can strengthen the beneficial effect of phosphate component regardless of chain length with mineral constituent.Described composition can randomly comprise a certain amount of phosphate component, and described amount is the effective dose that can be used as oral drugs, and is specified as mentioned.Randomly, with United States Patent (USP) 5,000, the compound difference described in 944, described mineral constituent and phosphate component or its any independent component all do not exist with composite form in composition.
Described phosphate component can comprise the component that contains at least 2 phosphorus atoms.The exemplary compounds that can be used as phosphate component comprises pyrophosphate, Quadrafos or their mixture.Kirk ﹠amp; " the Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology " of Othmer the 2nd edition the 15th discloses a large amount of water-soluble inorganic pyrophosphates in rolling up (1965) the 232nd to 276 pages.
In another embodiment of this paper, at least a portion phosphate component is a pyrophosphate.For example, can use inorganic pyrophosphate, as alkali metal pyrophosphate salts, it comprises SAPP (SAPP) and tetrapotassium pyrophosphate (TKPP).The illustrative examples of SAPP comprises that molecular weight is about 222 SAPP.Also spendable is pyrophosphoric acid four alkali metal salts, as pyrophosphoric acid four lithiums.The embodiment of pyrophosphoric acid two alkaline metal salts is pyrophosphoric acid dicalcium, pyrophosphoric acid two barium and pyrophosphoric acid two magnesium.Also can use pyrophosphoric acid one hydrogen three alkali metal salts, as pyrophosphoric acid one hydrogen trisodium.
In another embodiment, at least a portion phosphate component is a Quadrafos.Institute is understandable as this area, and along with the increase of Quadrafos chain length, Quadrafos becomes the material of the multiple different chain length with average chain length.This paper also can use Quadrafos, is 3 or those bigger Quadrafos as average chain length.Example comprises tripolyphosphate such as sodium phosphate trimer (STPP), SODAPHOS (average chain length is 7), HEXAPHOS (average chain length is 13) (city is sold by FMCCorporation), other hexametaphosphate (is 21 as average chain length) and acid sodium metaphosphate.The illustrative examples of hexametaphosphate comprises that molecular weight is about 2200 calgon or hexa metaphosphoric acid potassium.
Can choose wantonly provides phosphate component, and wherein at least a portion phosphate component is coated on the surface of described composition, and at least a portion phosphate component is integrated in the described composition, or both have concurrently.
Other embodiment comprises those pet food compositions (for example chaw), wherein at least a portion mineral constituent is coated on the surface of described composition, and at least a portion phosphate component is integrated in the described composition, or at least a portion phosphate component is coated on the surface of described composition, and at least a portion mineral constituent is integrated in the described composition, perhaps wherein at least a portion mineral and phosphate component are coated on the surface of described composition, and perhaps wherein at least a portion mineral and phosphate component are integrated in the described composition.
As an example, described composition can randomly comprise weight by described composition at least about 0.05%, or at least about 0.1%, or at least about 0.2%, or at least about 0.5%, or at least about 1% phosphate component.As another example, described composition can randomly comprise by the weight of described composition about 0.05% to about 10%, or about 0.1% to about 5%, about 0.2% to about 4%, or about 0.5% to about 4% phosphate component.
In another embodiment, pet food compositions of the present invention can comprise one or more fermentation property fibers.Fermentation property fiber can be any fibre source, and the enteric bacteria that is present in the pet body can make its fermentation, to produce SCFA or other metabolism component.The limiting examples of above-mentioned fermentation fiber comprises inulin, witloof, megasse (from sugar beet), gum arabic, talha gum, plantain seed, rice bran, locust bean gum, oranges and tangerines slag, pectin, FOS, galactooligosaccharide, FOS, sweet dew poly oligosaccharide, fibre and soya, Arabic glycosyl galactolipin, arabinose sill glycan and their mixture.
As an example, described pet food compositions can randomly comprise all weight by described composition at least about 0.001%, or at least about 0.01%, or at least about 0.1%, or at least about 0.5%, or at least about 1%, or at least about 2%, optional all total fermentation fibers of maximum about 10%, 25% or 50%.
In another embodiment of this paper, described pet food compositions is substantially free of rawhide.Term " is substantially free of rawhide " and is meant compositions related comprising all by the weight of described composition less than about 1%, preferably less than about 0.5%, and most preferably less than about 0.2% rawhide.
In another embodiment of this paper, described pet food compositions is substantially free of synthetic polymer.Term " is substantially free of synthetic polymer " and is meant compositions related comprising all by the weight of described composition less than about 1%, preferably less than about 0.5%, and most preferably less than about 0.2% synthetic polymer.The limiting examples of synthetic polymer comprises polyurethane, rubber or nylon.
Method
Maximum tension and relaxation power method/maximum tension and relaxation Stress calculation
According to following method, measure maximum tension and relaxation power:
In the method, use 4502 type INSTRON
(this paper is called " INSTRON ", and the city is sold by Instron Corporation, Canton, and MA, U.S.A.).Under the dynamic pressure pattern, move INSTRON, use the 10kN force cell to carry out the mensuration of power.Move and go up platen, and platen is fixed.If desired, the selected test sample book that is used to describe characteristic is reduced along cross section, be the sample of 1 inchage with formation.
Under the relative humidity of 25 ℃ temperature and 30%, carry out the tension and relaxation mensuration of test specimens, measure according to the method that those of ordinary skill quite is familiar with.Use INSTRON to carry out these measurements.Open the INSTRON controller plc and the dedicated computing device is interconnected, to carry out data acquisition by the Series IX software interface available from INSTRON Corporation equally.When using Series IX to carry out " method " establishment, the dedicated computing device is set to be used for data acquisition, described data acquisition can be started by the input of INSTRON controller, and described data acquisition can be stopped by the input of the computer among the Series IX.This makes can come repetitive cycling according to required chaw simulation.Before measuring, calibration INSTRON.In order to calibrate, suitable force cell is connected on the INSTRON.Select force cell according to the data area of estimating.Based on this,, suitably select the force cell of 10kN according to the data area of being concerned about.Test sample book is placed on down on the platen, and platen in the adjustment makes that going up platen contacts with sample, but does not apply measurable power.Using and be provided with the position of the constant chuck speed of 50mm/min on the controller panel with platen in the accurate control of test period.On controller panel, the diameter of test sample book is set to maximum extension when measuring beginning.Chew for simulating effectively, test sample book is compressed to 80% of its original mean breadth.It is set to the minimum stretch boundary.Start platen then.The data acquisition of being undertaken by the Series IX software in the dedicated computing device has also been opened in this motion effect.Ever-increasing compression is converted into ever-increasing power reading, has obtained peak value in 80% compression place.After maximum compression, controller makes platen return back to initial position with identical speed circulation.Pliable and tough sample tension and relaxation observes institute's dynamometry in continuous increase as the last platen after from the maximum extension stop motion.With each circular in definition is once compression and once complete answer stroke.Make the last compression stroke before sample loops is passed through two circulations and permission tension and relaxation.Each interlock causes the leveling degree of sample to increase.When the 3rd compression stroke finishes, make platen rest on 80% compression limit place.Along with the tension and relaxation and the stretching, extension of pliable and tough sample, platen is gone up in its extruding, and last platen is given force cell with force feedback.Made the sample tension and relaxation then 15 minutes, or the suitable data acquisition system time.According to the tension and relaxation degree, different samples can provide different force-responsives.Without being limited by theory, the sample of " anti-chewing " more can cause the compression reaction of remarkable more increase during this tension and relaxation.According to these data, exert oneself to the curve of time, obtain measurable flat-topped curve.Sentencing kN at flat-topped curve is that the power of unit is that test sample book shows the maximum tension and relaxation power that has.Fig. 1 is the gained curve of three exemplary pet food compositions of the present invention and illustrating of flat-topped curve.
This masterpiece is used on the level cross-sectionn of described sample.Know the size (length=1 inch and diameter) of sample, but the calculated level cross-sectional area, and can calculate the maximum tension and relaxation stress that is produced in the sample by following formula I.
Formula I:
Maximum tension and relaxation stress (MPa)=power (kN) * 1000/ area (mm
2)
It is the sample contrast that maximum tension and relaxation stress (MPa) is made that Fig. 2 illustrates according to measuring with how much irrelevant stress, so that can relatively have the sample of different size.
The preparation method
The pet food compositions that can prepare this paper according to the method that those of ordinary skill is known.Illustrate, composition of the present invention can prepare by the following method: all components is mixed or grinds together separately or with the form of appropriate combination, and (if suitably) mechanical agitation has suitably been dissolved, has been disperseed or in other words mixed until all the components in water.When wherein using some method as extruding (for example, to form chaw) or when curing, said method is known in the art.
Should be appreciated that each higher limit that provides in this manual comprises each lower limit, promptly as above-mentioned lower limit in this article clearly the expression.All lower limits that provide in this specification include all higher limits, promptly as above-mentioned higher limit in this article clearly the expression.All numerical value territories that provide in this specification include all narrower numerical value territories that belong to above-mentioned broad numerical value territory, promptly as above-mentioned narrower numerical value territory in this article clearly the expression.
Except as otherwise noted, all umbers in this specification, embodiment and claims, ratio and percentage number average by weight, and all number ranges conventional accuracy of all using this area to provide.
Embodiment
Below be the limiting examples of pet food compositions of the present invention, it can be chosen wantonly and use conventional method to prepare.Providing following embodiment is in order to demonstrate the invention, rather than limits its scope by any way.
By using following component with the amount of approximate appointment, preparation is suitable for the chewing article that domesticated dog is used:
| Component | Approximate quantity % (by the weight of described composition) |
| Flour and wheat gluten | 53 |
| High-fructose corn syrup | 13 |
| Glycerine and glyceryl monostearate | 12 |
| | 4 |
| | 2 |
| | 2 |
| Sulphur | 0.03 |
| Microcomponent | 3 |
| Water | In right amount |
Described chewing article can be stated method and prepares according to above logical.Specifically, all dried ingredients are weighed, are mixed and are milled to required particle size.Then, in the preconditioner of single screw extrusion machine, the dried ingredients of mixing and milling is mixed with liquid component.Then, according to general condition, steam is joined in the preconditioner.Then, by the extruder screw of suitable setting, squeeze out the gained mixture.Use rotary cutter or batch (-type) cutter that extrudate is cut into required length.Then, make product be cooled to room temperature and be packaged in the impermeable container of air.
By using following component with the amount of approximate appointment, preparation is suitable for the chewing article that domesticated dog is used:
| Component | Approximate quantity (by the weight of described composition) |
| Flour and wheat gluten | 57 |
| High-fructose corn syrup | 13 |
| Glycerine and glyceryl monostearate | 13 |
| | 1 |
| | 2 |
| Vegetable oil | 1.5 |
| Microcomponent | 2.5 |
| Sulphur | 0.03 |
| Water | In right amount |
Usually prepare according to the method described in this paper embodiment 1 and pack chewing article.
The relevant part of all references is incorporated herein by reference in the detailed Description Of The Invention; Quoting of any document is unintelligible for being to its approval as prior art of the present invention.
Although illustrated and described the present invention with specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many other variations and modifications may be made in the case of without departing from the spirit and scope of protection of the present invention.Therefore, in additional claims, comprise all such changes and modifications that belong in the scope of the invention consciously.
Claims (7)
1. pet food compositions, described composition has 2.5MPa at least, preferred 2.8MPa at least, the more preferably maximum tension and relaxation stress of 3MPa at least.
2. pet food compositions, described composition has 1kN at least; Preferred 1.5kN at least; The more preferably maximum tension and relaxation power of 2kN at least.
3. as claim 1 or the described pet food compositions of claim 2, described composition is replenishers; Preferred wherein said replenishers are chaws; Preferred wherein said replenishers are to reward food with bounties.
4. the described pet food compositions of each claim as described above, described composition also comprises water.
5. the described pet food compositions of each claim as described above, described composition comprises wetting agent, and described wetting agent is selected from the group of being made up of following material: polyalcohol, sugar and their mixture, preferred at least a wetting agent is a corn syrup.
6. the described pet food compositions of each claim as described above, described composition comprises by a kind of key component of the weight of described composition,, wherein said key component is at least a cereal source; Wherein said cereal source is selected from the group of being made up of following: corn, oat, rice, chinese sorghum, Chinese sorghum, barley, wheat and their mixture; Preferably wherein at least a cereal source is a wheat.
7. method that is used to prepare pet food compositions, wherein said method comprises:
(a) mix all components;
(b) stir all components, until mixing; With
(c) extrude described pet food compositions.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US60093804P | 2004-08-12 | 2004-08-12 | |
| US60/600,938 | 2004-08-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101068473A true CN101068473A (en) | 2007-11-07 |
Family
ID=35311284
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2005800273900A Pending CN101068473A (en) | 2004-08-12 | 2005-08-12 | Pet food compositions having a defined relaxation property |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1784084A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2008508902A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101068473A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR050210A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2005272648A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0514260A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2576062A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2007001721A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006020886A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102264247A (en) * | 2009-01-02 | 2011-11-30 | 雀巢产品技术援助有限公司 | Food compositions having realistic meat-like appearance, feel and texture |
| CN102264247B (en) * | 2009-01-02 | 2016-11-30 | 雀巢产品技术援助有限公司 | There is the food composition of realistic meat-like appearance, sensation and texture |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060134183A1 (en) * | 2004-08-12 | 2006-06-22 | Huetter Thomas E | Pet food compositions having a defined relaxation property |
| JP5258390B2 (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2013-08-07 | 日清ペットフード株式会社 | Pet food containing whole wheat flour |
| US20100233347A1 (en) | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-16 | Uhrhan Richard B | Food compositions having a realistic meat-like appearance, feel, and texture |
| JP5654408B2 (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2015-01-14 | 日清ペットフード株式会社 | Dry pet food |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1591406A (en) * | 1977-01-24 | 1981-06-24 | Quaker Oats Co | Matrix for a food product employing said matrix and process for preparing same |
| EP0071331A3 (en) * | 1981-07-29 | 1983-07-06 | Ralston Purina Company | A process for preparing a soft moist food product |
| US5004624A (en) * | 1983-03-14 | 1991-04-02 | Star-Kist Foods, Inc. | Semi-moist pet food having free gravy and process for preparation thereof |
| US5397587A (en) * | 1993-08-06 | 1995-03-14 | Thompson's Pet Pasta Products, Inc. | Moist pasta-type food products and method of producing same |
| CA2244084C (en) * | 1997-10-14 | 2006-07-25 | Societe Des Produits Nestle S.A. | Dental care pet food |
| US6455083B1 (en) * | 1998-05-05 | 2002-09-24 | Natural Polymer International Corporation | Edible thermoplastic and nutritious pet chew |
| US6379725B1 (en) * | 1998-05-05 | 2002-04-30 | Natural Polymer International Corporation | Protein-based chewable pet toy |
| MXPA04010189A (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2005-06-08 | Gerardus Johannes Sch Geraldus | Pet's chew and manufacture process. |
| US20040076715A1 (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2004-04-22 | Mukund Parthasarathy | Increased density pet food product and method of production |
| US6926917B2 (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2005-08-09 | Nestec Ltd. | Dry pet food with increased palatability and method of production |
-
2005
- 2005-08-11 AR ARP050103365A patent/AR050210A1/en unknown
- 2005-08-12 EP EP05789193A patent/EP1784084A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-08-12 AU AU2005272648A patent/AU2005272648A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-08-12 BR BRPI0514260-1A patent/BRPI0514260A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-08-12 CN CNA2005800273900A patent/CN101068473A/en active Pending
- 2005-08-12 MX MX2007001721A patent/MX2007001721A/en unknown
- 2005-08-12 CA CA002576062A patent/CA2576062A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-08-12 JP JP2007525835A patent/JP2008508902A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-08-12 WO PCT/US2005/028770 patent/WO2006020886A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102264247A (en) * | 2009-01-02 | 2011-11-30 | 雀巢产品技术援助有限公司 | Food compositions having realistic meat-like appearance, feel and texture |
| CN102264247B (en) * | 2009-01-02 | 2016-11-30 | 雀巢产品技术援助有限公司 | There is the food composition of realistic meat-like appearance, sensation and texture |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2576062A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
| EP1784084A1 (en) | 2007-05-16 |
| AR050210A1 (en) | 2006-10-04 |
| JP2008508902A (en) | 2008-03-27 |
| BRPI0514260A (en) | 2008-06-03 |
| WO2006020886A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
| AU2005272648A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
| MX2007001721A (en) | 2007-06-11 |
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