CN102264247B - There is the food composition of realistic meat-like appearance, sensation and texture - Google Patents
There is the food composition of realistic meat-like appearance, sensation and texture Download PDFInfo
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- CN102264247B CN102264247B CN200980152782.8A CN200980152782A CN102264247B CN 102264247 B CN102264247 B CN 102264247B CN 200980152782 A CN200980152782 A CN 200980152782A CN 102264247 B CN102264247 B CN 102264247B
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- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organs Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000017802 other dietary supplement Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N pantothenic acid Natural products OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019161 pantothenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011713 pantothenic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial Effects 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015108 pies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003471 retinol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013580 sausages Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000576 supplementary Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019156 vitamin B Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011720 vitamin B Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003700 vitamin C derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019166 vitamin D Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011710 vitamin D Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003710 vitamin D derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003712 vitamin E derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019168 vitamin K Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011712 vitamin K Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003721 vitamin K derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention provides the new food composition with realistic meat-like appearance, sensation and texture.Said composition comprises one or more cross-linking agent and the muddy flesh of about 60 to about 10% of the functional protein of about 40 to about 90%, about 0.05 to about 2%, wherein muddy flesh comprises meat and one or more moisturizing plasticizers, meat: moisturizing plasticizer proportions is about 20: 80 to about 80: 20.Said composition is prepared by heating the mixture of pre-prepd food component under stress, then expands the compositions of heating, to form food composition.
Description
Cross reference to related applications
This application claims the priority of the U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/204182 submitted on January 2nd, 2009, by it
Disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.
Background of invention
Invention field
The present invention relates generally to food composition, and particularly to having meat sample outward appearance, sensation and the diet group of texture
Compound, and the method preparing this type of food composition.
Description of related art
Some has the food composition of meat sample outward appearance and to prepare the method for this type of food composition be known in the art.
Such as, US 4910025 discloses the meat analog (its control oneself germinate complete paddy core) ground of simulation with to prepare this similar
The method of thing.US 5607710 discloses formation meat analog product and the method and apparatus of systematism dough, wherein will
Composition mixes, and by having the pipeline of the area of section of minimizing, heats dough therein simultaneously, is heated for and closes on
The dough of tube wall is compared, and bigger calorific intensity is applied to the center of dough.US 5676987 discloses has a large amount of rectifying
The low fat meat thing of the physical property of taste agent and conventional full fat meat thing.US 7070827 discloses preparation vegetable substrate meat seemingly
The method of thing, the method may be used for the food product of multiple vegetarian, such as meat folder cake (burger patties) and sausage.
US 2006105098Al discloses preparation and has the side that relative water activity is less than about the organized proteinaceous meaty analog of 0.8
Method, this analog comprises protein material selected from defatted soybean flour (flour), soyabeen grists (meal), soy concentration, paddy egg
(important or amyloid form) and protein powder (powder), edible combination and cross-linking compounds in vain, and sweet
Oil and the wetting agent of glucose, and products thereof.Convert the mixture into hot-melt object, extrude and cool down.US 2006141125A1
Disclosing proteinaceous meaty analog, be used for incorporation in the pet food of packaging, wherein said meat analog is by interior tissue
The granule composition changed, protein extrudate is dispersed in by the gelatinised matrix formed based on minced meat and material based on corn；Its
Described in extrudate different with the water capacity of described substrate；And wherein the described extrudate of interior tissue has fibre
Dimension structure.Also disclose the method preparing described analog.US 5869121 discloses the food product of the preparation that humidity reduces,
It has texture soft, resilient, and simulates the outward appearance of cold cuts.US 6379738 and US 6649206 discloses preparation tool
The method having the meat milk product of true fiber definition.This product contain body composition (including protein and fat) and
Containing substantial amounts of linear fiber sample material, to be supplied to meat milk real meat sample outward appearance.
Generally, the food composition with meat sample outward appearance, sensation and texture needs to add water, to produce outside soft meat sample
See, feel and texture.These food compositions must be to seal and sterilizing, thus storage is stable, it is common that by pressure heat
Process what the sealing container containing compositions was carried out.Generally, these food compositions are classified as " wet " diet group by food industry
Compound.In order to change these food compositions and produce " be dried " food composition and even need higher levels of water.Right
In this type of dry compositions that storage is stable, it is necessary to add preservative, to prevent from going bad.Unfortunately, these dry compositions
Soft texture quickly lose, it may be possible to due to loss of moist.Not having soft texture, these compositionss do not have acceptable meat
Sample outward appearance, sensation and texture, and thus without having a great attraction or good to eat.Accordingly, it would be desirable to have and retain realistic meat
The new food composition of sample outward appearance, sensation and texture.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide there is the new food composition of meat sample outward appearance, sensation and texture.
It is a further object to provide the side that preparation has the food composition of meat sample outward appearance, sensation and texture
Method.
It is a further object to provide the new food composition of the palatability with enhancing.
It is a further object to provide the food composition of the mixing of the palatability with enhancing.
One or more these or other purposes are the new diet group that application has realistic meat-like appearance, sensation and texture
Compound realizes, and this food composition comprises the functional protein of about 40 to about 90%, the one of about 0.05 to about 2% or many
Planting cross-linking agent and the muddy flesh of about 60 to about 10%, wherein muddy flesh comprises meat and one or more moisturizing plasticizers, meat: moisturizing increases
Mould agent ratio and be about 20: 80 to about 80: 20.Said composition is prepared via a method which: heating is prepared in advance under stress
Food component mixture, then expand the compositions of heating, form food composition.New food composition is highly palatable also
And can individually feeding or with other edible food mixing feeding, to increase the palatability of mixture.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
Definition
Term " animal " represents can be benefited from the food composition consuming the present invention or enjoy the food consuming the present invention
Any animal of compositions, including people, fowl, cattle, dog, horse, cat, hicrine, wolf, Mus, fish, sheep or pig animal.
Term " companion animals " represents the animal raised and train, such as cat, Canis familiaris L., rabbit, Cavia porcellus, ferret, hamster, mice, gerbil jird,
Horse, cattle, goat, sheep, donkey, pig etc..
Term " food composition " represents product or the compositions being intended to be taken in by animal.
Term "flesh" (nonproductive construction) represents edible animal flesh, including fowl, fish, cattle, horse, sheep or pig animal.Pork pies include muscular tissue,
The tissue of mechanical deboning, organ or a combination thereof.
Term " functional protein " represent that (1) unmodified or the protein of partial denaturation (it affects food after the heating
The structure of compositions) or (2) undenatured protein matter of comprising about 20 to about 80% (it affects the knot of food composition after the heating
Structure) and the mixture of other oroteins of about 80 to about 20%.
Term " Aw " represents water activity.
Term " individual packaging " represent box set component be physically in one or more containers combination or with one or
Multiple container combination, and be considered as a unit, it is used for preparing, distribute, sell or applying.Container includes but not limited to
Bag, box, carton, bottle, any type or design or the packaging of material, outer package, compression packing, attachment parts (such as
Peg, attachment etc.) or a combination thereof.Individual packaging can be the container of the single food composition physically combined, in order to they
It is considered as a unit, is used for preparing, distribute, sell or applying.
Term " empty bag (virtual package) " represents that the component of box set is according to one or more physics or virtual set
The explanation combination of box component, it is used for instructing how application person obtains other component, such as, in bag or other container, wherein wraps
Containing a component with instruct application person to browse web sites, understand record information or fax back service, check real information or contact
The explanation of caregiver, or director obtain about how to apply box set or about box set one or more components safety or
The explanation of technical information.
Unless otherwise indicated, all percents stated herein refer to account for the weight of composition total weight.
Unless otherwise indicated, all proportions stated herein refers to weight: weight is basic.
Scope used herein is application shorthand at this, to avoid each and all number in the range of must listing and describe
Value.Can be with applicable value any in the range of choice, compatibly, such as higher limit, lower limit or the endpoint value of scope.
The singulative of word used herein includes plural number, and vice versa, unless context clearly shows that.Cause
This, generally include the plural number of respective term when mentioning " one " and " a kind of ".Such as, when mentioning " a kind of supplement ", " one
Method " or include described " supplement ", " method " or the plural number of " food " time " a kind of food ".Similarly, word " include ",
" comprise " and " containing " is interpreted as exchanging, and non-exclusive.Equally, term " includes ", " comprising " and "or" are to be understood that
For exchanging, unless this implication clearly forbidden in context.Similarly, term " example ", particularly when following term list
Time, it is only exemplary and illustrative, and is not construed as exclusive or widely.
Method disclosed herein and compositions and other improvement are not limited to special method described herein, scheme and examination
Agent, because one skilled in the art will appreciate that they are variable.And, for only describing the purpose of special embodiment,
Term used herein is not intended to and can not limit scope that is wherein disclosed or that require.
Unless otherwise indicated, all technology used herein and scientific terminology, technical term and abbreviation have this
The implication that the field those of ordinary skill of bright field or term used is generally understood.Although any compositions, method, preparation skill
Art or similar or identical to described herein those other method or material may be used for the practice of the present invention, retouch herein
Preferred compositions, method, technology of preparing or other method or material are stated.
Under allowed by law degree, by all patents, patent application, publication, technology and/or scholar's article and basis
Literary composition is quoted or other list of references of mentioning is incorporated herein by reference with full content.The discussion of those lists of references is only intended to
Summarize judgement therein.Do not recognize that these patents any, patent application, publication or list of references or its any part are relevant
Material or prior art.As associated materials or prior art, retain challenge these patents, patent application, publication especially
The accuracy of any judgement with other list of references and the right of appropriateness.
Invention
On the one hand, the invention provides there is the food composition of realistic meat-like appearance, sensation and texture.Said composition bag
One or more cross-linking agent containing the functional protein of about 40 to about 90%, about 0.05 to about 2% and the meat of about 60 to about 10%
Mud, wherein muddy flesh comprises meat and one or more moisturizing plasticizers, meat: moisturizing plasticizer proportions is about 20: 80 to about 80: 20,
Preferably from about 30: 70 to about 70: 30, preferably from about 40: 60 to about 60: 40.The present invention is based on such a discovery: heating amount especially
Functional protein, the mixture of cross-linking agent and muddy flesh (its meat containing amount especially and moisturizing plasticizer) produces has realistic meat
The food composition of sample outward appearance, sensation and texture.Additionally, compared with the food composition that other is similar, this food composition is
Highly palatable.And, this food composition has elimination and goes bad or make the rotten artificial anticorrosion minimizing and getting rid of needs
The water capacity of agent (such as mould inhibitor) and water activity.
In multiple embodiments, functional protein is soybean protein matter, corn protein or a combination thereof.Preferably implementing
In scheme, functional protein is soybean protein matter.In other embodiments, functional protein is that (1) about 20 is to about 80% bean egg
White matter, corn protein or a combination thereof, and one or more other oroteins (such as vegetable protein of (2) about 80 to about 20%
Matter, such as soyabeen grists, Semen Maydis gluten, big oryzenin and meat protein coarse powder, such as beef, Carnis Gallus domesticus, turkey meat and fish
Meat coarse powder) mixture.In multiple embodiments, the component of functional protein includes a lot of combinations of these compositions.
Cross-linking agent can be any cross-linking agent being suitable for food composition application.Useful cross-linking agent includes elementary sulfur, Jiao
Sodium sulfite, cysteine or a combination thereof.
Moisturizing plasticizer can be to have any moisturizing plasticizer that moisturizing character is compatible with food composition.In multiple realities
Executing in scheme, moisturizing plasticizer is polyhydric alcohol.In preferred embodiments, moisturizing plasticizer be one or more glycerol,
In sorbitol, propylene glycol, butanediol, dextrosan or a combination thereof.In multiple embodiments, moisturizing plasticizer accounts for combinations of foods
About the 5 of thing, to about 25%, account for about the 8 of food composition to about 20%, about 9 to about 15%, about 6 to about 15% and about 6 to about
12%.
In multiple embodiments, what functional protein accounted for food composition about 40 accounts for diet group to about 70% and muddy flesh
About the 60 of compound are to about 30%.In other, what functional protein accounted for food composition about 40 accounts for food to about 60% and muddy flesh
About the 60 of compositions are to about 40%.Still in other, functional protein account for food composition about 45 to about 65% and
Muddy flesh accounts for about the 65 to about 45% of food composition.In one embodiment, functional protein accounts for the pact of food composition
50% and muddy flesh account for about the 50% of food composition.
In multiple embodiments, what functional protein accounted for food composition about 40 accounts for diet group to about 60% and muddy flesh
About the 60 of compound are to about 40%.In other, what functional protein accounted for food composition about 45 accounts for food to about 65% and muddy flesh
About the 65 of compositions are to about 45%.In one embodiment, functional protein accounts for about 50% and meat of food composition
Mud accounts for about the 50% of food composition.
In multiple embodiments, meat: moisturizing plasticizer proportions is about 40: 60,45: 55 and 50: 50.Preferably, meat:
Moisturizing plasticizer proportions is about 45: 55, and most preferably from about 50: 50.
In multiple embodiments, food composition has an Aw of about 0.7 or lower, and preferably from about 0.65 or lower.Excellent
In the embodiment of choosing, food composition has an Aw of about 0.4 to about 0.7, and preferably from about 0.45 to about 0.65, most preferably from about 0.5
To about 0.62.
In multiple embodiments, food composition has a water capacity of about 14% or lower, and preferably from about 12% or lower,
Most preferably from about 10% or lower.In preferred embodiments, food composition has the water capacity of about 4 to about 14%, preferably
About 6 to about 12%, most preferably from about 8 to about 10%.
In certain embodiments, moisturizing plasticizer accounts for about the 6 to about 15% of food composition.The Aw of food composition is
About 0.62 or lower, and the water capacity of food composition is about 6 to about 14%.
For preparing any edible meat that the meat of muddy flesh can be from the tissue of any applicable animal.Preferably
It is that meat is the tissue from fowl, cattle, sheep, pig, fish or a combination thereof.
In multiple embodiments, compositions comprises other composition, such as vitamin, mineral, aminoacid, nucleic acid,
Filler, good to eat reinforcing agent, binding agent, correctives, stabilizer, emulsifying agent, sweeting agent, coloring agent (such as titanium dioxide), slow
Electuary, salt, coating materials, flavoring agent, preservative and known to the skilled person.The limiting examples of the mineral supplemented includes
Calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, ferrum, chlorine, boron, copper, zinc, magnesium, manganese, iodine, selenium etc..The limiting examples of the vitamin supplemented includes vitamin
A, any vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin K, including above-mentioned multiple salt, ester or other derive
Thing.Other dietary supplement, such as, any type of nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, inulin, folic acid, biotin, amino can also be included
Acid etc., and its salt and derivant.Stabilizer includes the material for increasing compositions period of storage, such as preservative, collaborative
Agent and chelating agen, packaging gas, emulsifying agent, thickening agent and gellant.The example of emulsifying agent and/or thickening agent includes gelatin, fibre
Dimension element ether, starch, starch ester, starch ether and the starch of modification.The selection of composition and their amount is known to the skilled person.Often
The particularly amount planting adding ingredient will depend upon which many factors, such as the composition comprised in compositions；Animal species；Animal year
Age, body weight, general health, sex and diet；Animals consuming speed；Food composition is applied to the purpose etc. of animal.Therefore, group
Divide and the amount of composition is probably different to a great extent, and likely differ from preferred proportion described herein.At these
In embodiment, this type of adding ingredient typically accounts for about the 0.01 to about 20% of food composition, and preferably from about 0.01 to about 15%.
In one embodiment, the standard set up according to U.S. feed management association (" AAFCO "), prepare combinations of foods
Thing to provide " completely with balance " nutrition to animal, preferred companion animals.In another embodiment, food composition is
Pet food compositions.In preferred embodiments, food composition is that nutrition completely and provides the diet of balance,
I. e. compositions comprise recommendation every day level vitamin and mineral.This type of food composition can independent feeding, or
Person mixes feeding with other composition of food in varing proportions, such as, be applicable to the pet food being dried of Canis familiaris L. or cat.Selectable
It is that food composition can be configured to not to be nutrition snacks completely (treat).
In multiple embodiments, food composition comprises one or more probiotic bacterias.In other embodiments, food
That compositions comprises (1) one or more inactivations or the probiotic bacteria of inactivation, (2) inactivate or the component of probiotic bacteria of inactivation, this
A little components are similar to the probiotic bacteria or same lived, and promote that health is benefited, or (3) a combination thereof.Probiotic bacteria or its component are permissible
It is incorporated in food composition (being the most uniformly or non-uniformly distributed in the composition) or is applied to (example in food composition
As local with carrier or is not applied with carrier).In one embodiment, probiotic bacteria is wrapped in carrier.Typical probiotic bacteria
Include but not limited to selected from following probiotics strain: Lactobacillus (Lactobacilli), Bifidobacterium
Or Enterococcus (Enterococci), such as lactobacillus reuteri (Lactobacillus (Bifidobacteria)
Reuteii), bacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus), Lactobacillus animalis (Lactobacillus
Animalis), lactobacillus ruminis (Lactobacillus ruminis), Lactobacillus johnsonii (Lactobacillus
Johnsonii), lactobacillus casei (Lactobacillus casei), lactobacillus paracasei (Lactobacillus
Paracasei), lactobacillus rhamnosus (Lactobacillus rhamnosus), yeast milk bacillus (Lactobacillus
Fermentum), Bifidobacteria (Bifidobacterium sp.), enterococcus faecalis (Enterococcus faecium)
With Enterococcus species (Enterococcus sp.).In certain embodiments, probiotics strain is selected from lactobacillus reuteri
(Lactobacillus reuteri)(NCC2581；CNCMI-2448), lactobacillus reuteri (NCC2592；CNCM I-2450)、
Lactobacillus rhamnosus (NCC2583；CNCM I-2449), lactobacillus reuteri (NCC2603；CNCM I-2451), lactobacillus reuteri
(NCC2613；CNCM I-2452), bacillus acidophilus (NCC2628；CNCM I-2453), bifidobacterium adolescentis
(Bifidobacterium adolescentis) (such as NCC2627), Bifidobacteria NCC2657 or enterococcus faecalis
SF68(NCIMB 10415).Food composition comprises and be enough to provide about 104To about 1012The probiotic bacteria of the amount in cfu/ animal/sky,
Preferably 105To about 1011Cfu/ animal/sky, most preferably 107To about 1010Cfu/ animal/sky.When probiotic bacteria is inactivation or inactivation
, inactivation or the probiotic bacteria of inactivation or the amount of its component should produce with the microbial lived as beneficial effect.A lot of this
Class probiotic bacteria and their benefit are known to technical staff, such as EP 1213970B1, EP1143806B1, US 7189390,
EP 142811B1, EP 1296565B1 and US 6929793.
In multiple embodiments, food composition comprises one or more prebioticses, such as oligofructose, oligomeric Fructus Vitis viniferae
Sugar, oligomeric galactose, oligomeric isomaltose, oligomeric xylose, soy oligosaccharide, oligomeric lactulose, lactulose and isomaltulose.?
In one embodiment, prebiotics is root of Herba Cichorii, chicory root extract, inulin or a combination thereof.
In multiple embodiments, food composition comprises the group of one or more probiotic bacterias and one or more prebioticses
Close.
In yet another aspect, the invention provides the food composition of mixing, it comprises the food composition of (1) present invention
(2) one or more other edible composition or compositionss.Edible composition or compositions can be to eat with the present invention
Any edible composition that compositions is compatible or compositions.Preferably, edible compositions is that one or more are fitted
The dry food consumed for companion animals (preferably Canis familiaris L. and cat).Preferably, edible composition or compositions are selected from extrusion
Coarse grain food (kibble), bakee coarse grain food, the snacks of extrusion and the snacks of baking.
In preferred embodiments, edible composition or compositions have the water capacity peace treaty of about 12% or lower
The Aw of 0.65 or lower.
The food composition of the mixing of the present invention comprises the food composition of the present invention of any suitable amount.Generally, food
Compositions accounts for about the 1 to about 99% of the food composition of mixing, and preferably from about 5 to about 99%, most preferably from about 5 to about 95%.With bag
Food composition containing independent edible composition of food or compositions is compared, and the food composition of mixing has the good to eat of enhancing
Property.
In one embodiment, the standard set up according to U.S. feed management association (AAFCO), the food of preparation mixing
Compositions to provide " completely with balance " nutrition to animal, preferred companion animals.In another embodiment, combinations of foods
Thing is pet food compositions.
In multiple embodiments, animal is companion animals, preferably Canis familiaris L. or cat, most preferably Canis familiaris L..
No matter individually or mixing, food composition can be with fat and other palatability enhancers (such as animal digestion
(digest)) coating.
In yet another aspect, the invention provides the method preparing food composition, the method include (1) mixing a kind of or
Several functions protein and one or more cross-linking agent, produce basic mixture；(2) mix one or more moisturizing plasticizers and
One or more meat, form muddy flesh；(3) mixing muddy flesh and basic mixture, form pre-prepd mixture；(4) at pressure
The lower pre-prepd mixture of heating；(5) expand the compositions of heating, form food composition.The food composition produced
There is realistic meat-like appearance, sensation and texture.Additionally, compared with the food composition that other is similar, these food composition right and wrong
The best to eat.And, this food composition has that to eliminate or minimize artificial preservative that is rotten and that get rid of needs (the most mould
Bacteria inhibitor) water capacity and water activity.
In multiple embodiments, functional protein is soybean protein matter, corn protein or a combination thereof.It is typically, this
A little functional proteins are mostly unmodified, such as, have the Semen sojae atricolor powder of the protein dispersibility index more than 70, have 20 or more
The soyabeen grists of high protein dispersibility index, has a Semen sojae atricolor sheet of 50 or higher protein dispersibility index, or main little
Glutenin.Generally, functional protein includes any soybean derivatives with 20 or higher protein dispersibility index, including
Coarse powder, powder, concentrate, tablet and separator.
In multiple embodiments, cross-linking agent is elementary sulfur, sodium pyrosulfite, cysteine or a combination thereof.Typically,
Cross-linking agent accounts for about the 0.01 to about 3% of basic mixture, and preferably from about 0.05 to about 2%, most preferably from about 0.1 to about 1%.
Generally, basic mixture is by mixing one or more functional proteins and prepared by one or more cross-linking agent
, wherein the amount of functional protein is about 98 to about 99.95%, and the amount of cross-linking agent is about 0.05 to about 2%.Basis mixing
Thing is prepared by functional protein and cross-linking agent are placed in a reservoir and stirred, and is uniform preferably of up to mixture
's.
In certain embodiments, basic mixture is prepared as described above, except (such as being planted by other protein
Thing protein (such as soyabeen grists, Semen Maydis gluten and/or big oryzenin) and/or meat protein coarse powder (such as beef, chicken
Meat, turkey meat and/or flesh of fish coarse powder)) it is used as the composition in basic mixture.When applicable, these other protein are usual
Account for about the 15 to about 40% of base composition, but amount can be different as described herein.
Generally, muddy flesh is prepared via a method which, meat is such as oppressed, beef, lamb meat, Carnis Gallus domesticus, Carnis Sus domestica, turkey
Meat, salmon, tuna or a combination thereof grind, to produce minced meat compositions, and by minced meat compositions and one or more
Moisturizing plasticizer mixes, and wherein meat: moisturizing plasticizer proportions is about 20: 80 to about 80: 20, is uniform preferably of up to mixture
's.In certain embodiments, in order to process conveniently, muddy flesh adds some other composition, such as vitamin and mineral
Matter.
Generally, pre-prepd mixture is formed by mixed base mixture and muddy flesh, wherein basis mixing
The amount of thing is about 70 to about 90%, and the amount of muddy flesh is about 30 to about 10%, and at a temperature of about 160 to about 245 °F
Heating blends.In one embodiment, pre-prepd mixture is to be formed by mixed base mixture and muddy flesh
, wherein the amount of basic mixture is about 70 to about 85%, and the amount of muddy flesh is about 30 to about 15%, and in temperature about
Heating blends at a temperature of 160 to about 212 °F.It is it desired to and needs, particularly when not in basic mixture
When adding coloring agent, coloring agent can be added in premix.
Generally, pre-prepd mixture is heated to temperature and is about 280 to about 420 °F (about 138 to about 216 DEG C), about
310 to about 380 °F (about 154 to about 193 DEG C), are greater than about 400psi at pressure, and preferably pressure is about 400psi to about
1000psi, most preferably from about 400psi are to about 800psi.Then, it is made to expand by removing pressure in the mixture of heating, allusion quotation
Type ground is by taking out the mixture of heating from the device for heating pre-prepd mixture, and the mixture that will heat
It is exposed to atmospheric pressure.
Be suitable for heating under stress pre-prepd mixture then make heating mixture expansion (typically via
Remove pressure) any device be suitable for preparing the present composition.
In one embodiment, prepared by food composition extrusion method.In extrusion method, will prepare in advance
Mixture load in extruder, the most pre-prepd mixture experience is sheared, pressurization, temperature and/or be suitable for forming adds
Other treatment conditions of the food composition of work, the food composition of described processing can be used for preparing combinations of foods of the present invention
Thing.Then, the food composition of processing exits extruder, and wherein it expands and forms food composition of the present invention.This extrusion method
It is known to the skilled person.
In an extrusion method, pre-prepd mixture experience is sheared, and further at the extruder spiral shell rotated
Mix between bar and staving.S known as technical staff, screw profile is designed to transmit high shearing force.Shear, other
Frictional heat and high pressure (usually above 400psi) generation have temperature and are about the molten of 310 to about 380 °F (about 154 to about 193 DEG C)
The agglomerate changed.After exiting extruder, the agglomerate of food fusing expands, and forms the food composition of the present invention.
In one embodiment, after exiting extruder, the water capacity of food composition is about 12 to about 30%.Separately
In one embodiment, after exiting extruder, the water capacity of food composition is about 14 to about 20%.Evaporation loss will contain wet
Amount is reduced to about 7 to about 14% or about 10 to 14%.If evaporation is lost, and water capacity is not down to required level, Ke Yitong
Cross to be dried and reduce water capacity.In this embodiment, the density of food composition is about 9 to 14lbs/ bushel (BU) (about 115
To about 180 grams per liters).The expansion structure of the food composition produced is that height absorbs, and easily absorbs taste masking liquid, as
Fruit is if necessary.
Other device being suitable for can also be applied, produce similar extrusion method.Such as, heat exchanger, its generation is equal to
Or it is similar to the treatment conditions that extruder produces, such as high pressure and temperature.Other such device is that technical staff may be known.
The food composition comprising probiotic bacteria is by being mixed with composition of food by probiotic bacteria in any stage processed
Preparation, thus probiotic bacteria is dispersed in food composition, perfectly even disperses.Preferably, if they are on heating rank
It is inserted into before Duan in process, then this type of probiotic bacteria wraps into.Alternatively, probiotic bacteria is applied to food composition
Surface, with or without carrier.Preferably, probiotic bacteria is to be sprayed on food composition.For animal food, probiotic bacteria can
To be sprayed to the surface of food composition as the composition in liquid or other substrate palatability enhancers.An embodiment
In, probiotic bacteria is simply applied to food composition before consumption, by mixing with food composition or being sprayed onto combinations of foods
On thing.
The food composition comprising prebiotics is by prebiotics and composition of food mixing by any stage in process
Preparation, thus prebiotics is dispersed in food composition, perfectly even disperses.
Without wishing to be bound by any theory, everybody thinks that cross-linking agent promotes disulfide bond, thus produces the substrate in compositions, institute
The compositions stated has realistic meat-like appearance, sensation and texture.This substrate is to be exited by food composition to expand after extruder
And produce, the atmospheric pressure that the pressure of compositions high pressure from extruder is down to outside extruder, typically from greater than about
400psi is down to atmospheric pressure.Expand and produce stricture of vagina shape or fabric-like appearance, thus produce realistic meat-like appearance, sensation and textural characteristics
New food composition.
Further, the invention provides the box set being suitable for using the food composition of the present invention to animal.
This box set is suitably for comprising in the independent container in the box set component independent container in individual packaging or in void is packed
The food composition of the present invention and one or more (1) one or more the edible composition being suitable for animals consuming or combinations
Thing；(2) how to combine food composition and edible composition or the description of compositions, particularly produce the mixing of the present invention
Food composition；(3) one or more probiotic bacterias；(4) one or more mix box set components or the device comprising mixture；
(5) description of food composition and other box set component how is applied；Particularly increase edible composition or compositions
Palatability, application probiotic bacteria promote gastrointestinal health, or application apparatus preparation and provide food composition.
When box set comprises empty packaging, the description that box set is limited in virtual environment combines one or more physics box set groups
Point.This box set comprises food composition and other component.Typically, food composition and other box set component (example being suitable for
As, edible composition) mix before animals consuming.Box set can comprise the set of any various combination and/or mixture
Box component.In one embodiment, box set comprises the container of the food composition containing the present invention and containing one or more
Edible composition or the container of compositions (such as pet food).Box set can comprise other project, such as, be used for mixing
The device of box set combination or for comprising the device of mixture, such as spoon and/or food bowl.In another embodiment, food
Compositions is to mix with other supplementary (such as vitamin and mineral), and it promotes animal health.
In yet another aspect, present invention provide for exchange about the information of one or more of or about with next
Kind or the instrument of multiple explanation: unique texture of (1) food composition of the present invention and outward appearance；(2) in food composition not
Containing preservative；(3) food composition rotten and stablize storage characteristic；(4) feeding animal food composition or the food of mixing are given
The description of compositions；(5) give the contact details of consumer of application, if they be related to food composition or they
The problem of application；Or (6) are about the nutritional information of food composition.Useful description can include feeding amount and frequency.Right
In instructing the application present invention obtain benefit and exchange to the authorization method of feeding animal food composition, this media of communication is to have
?.This instrument include one or more physically or electrically subfile, digital storage media, optical storage medium, audio description, regard
Frequency shows or comprises the video of information or description and shows.Preferably, this instrument is selected from the website of display, video shows booth,
Pamphlet, Product labelling, packaging insert, advertisement, the leaflet of distribution, announcement board, audiotape, video-tape, DVD, CD-
ROM, computer-readable chip, computer-readable card, computer readable disk, USB device, FireWire device, computer are deposited
Reservoir and any combination thereof.
In yet another aspect, the invention provides packaging, it comprises mixing or the food composition of the unmixing present invention
With attachment label on the packaging, described label includes one or more word, picture, pattern, abbreviation, poster, phrase
Or other device or a combination thereof, it represents that the content of packaging includes having beneficial property (such as bin stability, required stricture of vagina
Reason, required outward appearance and without preservative) food composition.Typically, this device include word " without preservative ",
" guarantee softness ", " storage stable ", " being not added with water ", " palatability of enhancing ", or print the statement of equivalence on the packaging.It is suitable for
It is useful in the present invention in any packaging comprising compositions or packaging material, such as, is made by paper, plastics, paper tinsel, metal etc.
The bag of one-tenth, box, bottle, jar, pouch etc..In a preferred embodiment, comprise and be applicable to special animal (such as
People, dog or cat) food composition, as suitably indicated, the preferably companion animals food composition of Canis familiaris L. or cat.At one preferably
Embodiment in, packaging is heatable jar or the pouch of the food composition comprising the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention can be further illustrated by examples hereinbelow, it should be appreciated that these embodiments are only used as mesh is described
, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, unless stated otherwise.
Embodiment 1
Prepare basic mixture
By the soyabeen grists mixing of the Semen sojae atricolor powder of 680 kilograms and about 260 kilograms until uniformly.By about 60 kilograms comprise
Salt, vitamin, mineral, aminoacid, calcium salt, the mixture of p and s join in this mixture, and mix until uniformly,
Produce basic mixture.
Embodiment 2
Prepare mud
The machinery of 550 kilograms is taken off bone Carnis Gallus domesticus and is milled to 16 mesh (about 1.2 millimeters of sieve apertures).Under agitation by 450 kilograms
Glycerol is mixed in broken Carnis Gallus domesticus, until mixture is uniform, produces mud.
Embodiment 3
Prepare pre-prepd mixture
The muddy flesh of the basic mixture of the embodiments 1 of 820 kilograms and the embodiment 2 of 180 kilograms is under agitation mixed directly
Uniform to mixture, produce pre-prepd mixture.
Embodiment 4
Extruding composition
The pre-prepd mixture of embodiment 3 is heated to temperature and is about 160 DEG C and extrudes by application extrusion, produces food
Compositions sheet, it has realistic meat-like appearance, sensation and texture.The analysis of the food composition sheet produced shows that this sheet contains
The protein of about 51%, the fat of 4% and the moisture of 12%, and this sheet has Aw and about 11lbs/BU (pound/U.S. of about 0.6
State's bushel) density.
Embodiment 5
Palatability is evaluated
Buy and obtain standard dog thing coarse grain (" Kibble "), and with the food composition of the different amounts of present invention
(" Analog ") mixes, as shown in table 1.Palatability by two bowls of palatability test determination said compositions.Result shows in Table 1
Show.
Table 1
Reference table 1, the food composition of result display mixing shows the palatability of enhancing.The food composition of mixing
Palatability is about 5 times of single Kibble compositions.
Embodiment 6
Visual inspection
Outward appearance by visualization Analog and Kibble Analog and Kibble more defined above compositions.
Analog is as a piece of real meat；Kibble is as bread basket, and does not show a piece of real meat.
Embodiment 7
Texture checks
By feeling soft small pieces, organized small pieces and Analog and by soft small pieces of test, organized little
The compression pressure of sheet and Analog is tested and compares commercially available standard dog thing
Soft compositions (" soft small pieces "), commercially available normal structure vegetable protein combination (" organized
Small pieces ") and the texture of Analog defined above.
Compression test Instron 5500R completes.Measurement is with the cylinder with the 0.25 flat surface of inch diameter
Shape probe is carried out.The food that the crosshead speed of 2 inches per minute is placed on flat board for compression.When small pieces are compressed 40%
Shi Jilu maximum pressure, i.e. flexibility are measured.Record relative to the elasticity shown in the recovery of small pieces original height simultaneously.At least measure
15 and the method are used for comparing.These results display food composition has the soft spy similar to being purchased soft compositions
Levy, and be purchased soft compositions and not there is the stricture of vagina shape outward appearance of food composition of the present invention.
Visually, Analog looks like a piece of real meat, and organized small pieces are somewhat like a piece of real meat, and
And soft small pieces seem unlike a piece of real meat, and as bread basket.Compression test result is displayed in Table 2.
Table 2
Reference table 2, the data display a piece of real meat of Analog perceptual image, soft small pieces are somewhat like a piece of real meat,
And organized small pieces are felt unlike a piece of real meat.With reference to visual inspection and sensory testing, the advantage of Analog is, its
There is meat sample outward appearance and meat sample sensation and texture simultaneously.The soft dry food composition being purchased is passed on as the sensation of meat.These
Soft dry compositions also applies moisturizing plasticizer.But, their internal structure is the cellular as conventional food.Therefore,
Current soft dry compositions perceptual image meat, but seem unlike meat.Compare therewith, when dry acquisition bin stability,
The textured vegetable protein being purchased is the hardest, and therefore, it is the best to eat and too hard so that they compromise consumption tissue
Change the gingiva of the animal of small pieces.These organized small pieces look like meat, but sensation or taste are unlike meat.On the contrary, the present invention
Analog look like meat and perceptual image meat.
In this specification, have been disclosed for the typically preferred embodiment of the present invention.Although applying special art
Language, but they are only applied with general and describing significance and are not to limit purpose.The scope of the present invention is illustrated by claim.
Obviously, a lot of amendments and variant embodiments according to the teachings above present invention are possible.It will therefore be appreciated that attached
Add in the range of claim, in addition to being particularly described, the present invention can be put into practice.
Claims (11)
1. the method preparing food composition, the method includes:
(1) mix one or more functional proteins and one or more cross-linking agent, produce basic mixture；
(2) mix one or more moisturizing plasticizers and one or more meat, form muddy flesh；
(3) mixing muddy flesh and basic mixture, form pre-prepd mixture；
(4) pre-prepd mixture is heated under pressure about 400 to about 1000psi temperature in an extruder be about
280 to about 420 °F；
(5) expand the compositions of heating, form food composition, and
(6) water capacity of the food composition expanded is reduced.
2. the process of claim 1 wherein that functional protein is soybean protein matter, corn protein or a combination thereof.
3. the process of claim 1 wherein functional protein be the soybean protein matter of (1) about 20 to about 80%, corn protein or
A combination thereof, and the mixture of one or more other oroteins of (2) about 80 to about 20%.
4. the method for claim 3, wherein other oroteins is phytoprotein, meat protein coarse powder or a combination thereof.
5. the method for claim 4, wherein phytoprotein is soyabeen grists, Semen Maydis gluten, big oryzenin or a combination thereof.
6. the method for claim 4, wherein meat protein coarse powder is beef coarse powder, Carnis Gallus domesticus coarse powder, turkey meat coarse powder, flesh of fish coarse powder
Or a combination thereof.
7. the process of claim 1 wherein that cross-linking agent is selected from elementary sulfur, sodium pyrosulfite, cysteine or a combination thereof.
8. the process of claim 1 wherein that moisturizing plasticizer is polyhydric alcohol.
9. the method for claim 8, wherein polyhydric alcohol is selected from glycerol, sorbitol, propylene glycol, butanediol, dextrosan or its group
Close.
10. the method for claim 8, wherein polyhydric alcohol is glycerol.
Compositions prepared by 11. methods according to claim 1, said composition comprise about 40 to about 90% functional protein,
One or more cross-linking agent of about 0.05 to about 2% and the muddy flesh of about 60 to about 10%, wherein muddy flesh comprise meat and a kind of or
Multiple moisturizing plasticizer, meat: moisturizing plasticizer proportions is about 20:80 to about 80:20.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US20418209P | 2009-01-02 | 2009-01-02 | |
| US61/204,182 | 2009-01-02 | ||
| PCT/US2009/006747 WO2010077356A1 (en) | 2009-01-02 | 2009-12-30 | Food compositions having a realistic meat-like appearance, feel and texture |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102264247A CN102264247A (en) | 2011-11-30 |
| CN102264247B true CN102264247B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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ID=
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| CN101068473A (en) * | 2004-08-12 | 2007-11-07 | 爱默思公司 | Pet food compositions having a defined relaxation property |
| CN101232802A (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2008-07-30 | 希尔氏宠物营养品公司 | Methods for enhancing palatability of compositions for animal consumption |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101068473A (en) * | 2004-08-12 | 2007-11-07 | 爱默思公司 | Pet food compositions having a defined relaxation property |
| CN101232802A (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2008-07-30 | 希尔氏宠物营养品公司 | Methods for enhancing palatability of compositions for animal consumption |
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