CN101067447A - Mechanical-hydraulic pressure compound driving mechanism and mechanical-hydraulic compound transmission mechanism - Google Patents

Mechanical-hydraulic pressure compound driving mechanism and mechanical-hydraulic compound transmission mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101067447A
CN101067447A CNA2007101111374A CN200710111137A CN101067447A CN 101067447 A CN101067447 A CN 101067447A CN A2007101111374 A CNA2007101111374 A CN A2007101111374A CN 200710111137 A CN200710111137 A CN 200710111137A CN 101067447 A CN101067447 A CN 101067447A
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China
Prior art keywords
transmission
gear
compound
differential mechanism
hydraulic
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CNA2007101111374A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵宏志
赵宏坚
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CNA2007101111374A priority Critical patent/CN101067447A/en
Priority to CNA2007101632367A priority patent/CN101158392A/en
Publication of CN101067447A publication Critical patent/CN101067447A/en
Priority to CN2008100939033A priority patent/CN101413572B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2008/070767 priority patent/WO2008151527A1/en
Priority to US12/417,524 priority patent/US7998009B2/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H47/00—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing
    • F16H47/02—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the volumetric type
    • F16H47/04—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the volumetric type the mechanical gearing being of the type with members having orbital motion

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical-hydraulic pressure compound drive gear and mechanical-hydraulic force compound drive gear. The mechanical-hydraulic pressure compound drive gear includes the differential mechanism, the variable hydraulic pressure pump, the hydraulic pressure pipeline, the hydraulic pressure motor and the planet gear box driven by the engine; the differential mechanism is connected with the driven planet gear box; the differential mechanism distributes the engine inputting power to the variable hydraulic pressure pump and the planet gear box which outputs the total power compounding with the mechanical power driven by the differential mechanism and the hydraulic pressure power driven by the hydraulic pressure motor. The vehicles used the invention can run driven by the stepless transmission of the mechanical-hydraulic pressure compound; also it can run driven by the mechanical driving. It can also drive the working device work. The modified vehicles is set with the single engine power and has low discharge, small installing room, high driving efficient and low oil cost.

Description

Machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism and machinery-fluid power composite driving mechanism
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite driving mechanism, especially a kind of machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism and a kind of machinery-fluid power composite driving mechanism.
Background technique
A lot of engineer operations need carry apparatus for work while travelling, carry out every construction operation, as sweeping machine, reaper etc. with automobile chassis.The power transmission of some of them apparatus for work is to realize that by a mechanical transfer case powered vehicle is travelled and apparatus for work work simultaneously by a motor, such as the driving mechanism of reaper.But because apparatus for work such as sweeping machine needs conversion travelling speed constantly in motion, changed engine speed when speed change is travelled, will cause operation quality to descend, so apparatus for work such as sweeping machine can not use this method for power transmission.
At present, the power transmission of similar sweeping machine apparatus for work has two kinds of solutions: the first is used twin-engined configurations, and a motor is used for powered vehicle and travels, and another motor is used to drive the apparatus for work construction operation; It two is that monomotor connects the hydraulic transmission configuration, by the oil hydraulic pump of a plurality of series connection of engine-driving, realizes that by controlling a plurality of oil hydraulic pumps, oil hydraulic motor powered vehicle travels and the apparatus for work construction operation.Above-mentioned two solutions all have deficiency: the oil consumption height of twin-engined allocation plans, discharging height, it is big that twin-engined installations take the space of special-purpose vehicle, and the phenomenon of low load with strong power generally can appear in this configuration.Chinese patent specification CN2157885 discloses a kind of sweeping machine assistant engine actuating unit, is made up of motor, gear-box, blower fan, is connected by fluid coupling between motor and the gear-box.The sweeping machine volume that above patent deficiency is twin-engined configurations is big and clumsy, the oil consumption height, and discharging is high.Total transmission efficiency of monomotor configuration hydraulic transmission scheme is low, and the efficient of Hydraulic Power Transmission System is than the efficient low 15～25% of machine driven system.Chinese patent specification CN1049218A discloses a kind of hydralic drive automobile, relate to a kind of hydraulic driving system, drive a double-action automatic variable breakaway stator paddle pump operation by motor, the hydraulic fluid that produces is delivered to oil hydraulic motor on the driving wheel by circulating line, realizes the driving of automobile by oil hydraulic motor.Above patent deficiency is that hydraulicdriven transmission efficiency is low, oil consumption is high.
Driving mechanically operated truck travels on bumpy highway section, mining area, the degree of injury of motor, mechanical clutch, speed changer, ransaxle is several times that travel on flat road, the automobile of driving hydraulic transmission or hydraudynamic drive stepless change characteristic in this case is laborsaving but also province's expense not only, but when truck should mechanically operated mechanism during transport driving on flat road, transmission efficiency height, speed are fast.Market demand part automobile has the drive characteristic that adapts to different road conditions on same car, the automobile chassis driving mechanism that is suitable for having good rideability on similar mining area, desert, quagmire, soft field is being studied, produced in some enterprises both at home and abroad.
" hydraulic transmission discussion " (author Wu Kejin, Ministry of Machine-Building Industry's hydropneumatic industry is sponsored " hydraulic industry ", total the 26th phase, on May 15th, 1 published), delivered the hydraulic pressure-mechanical double power flow driving mechanism of external certain a kind of truck of company.The hydraulic power stream of this mechanism is realized that by axial piston bidirectional variable oil hydraulic pump transmission constant displacement hydraulic motor mechanical output stream is implemented by a simple planetary drivetrain.The task of mechanical output branch is: the power with a member input in this mechanism is divided into two-way output, and the energy that hydraulic transmission, mechanical transmission two-part power circuit are transmitted converges the energy output after will being converged by output member then.The main operator of this transmission has 3: the variable bar of variable displacement pump, clutch L 1And L 2The process of this scheme transmission has three phases: the phase I is low-speed forward and retreats clutch L 2Separate cutting machine branched power, clutch L 1Engage, the whole revolution of planet row, this stage realizes advancing and reversing by the manipulated variable bar, and this stage is hydraulic transmission; Second stage is to increase the speed of a motor vehicle, and under the low-forward range operating mode, pump delivery transfers to behind the maximum position clutch L 1Separate and with clutch L 2Engage, planet arranges beginning work, again with the variable bar of variable displacement pump by positive maximum position, the direction that reduces to discharge capacity is regulated gradually, this stage is hydraulic pressure-mechanical compound transmission; Phase III is further to increase the speed of a motor vehicle, regulating method is, the variable bar of pump is moved to negative discharge capacity direction by zero-bit, because the swashplate angle of pump has changed direction, thereby also counterrotating of oil hydraulic motor, the variable bar of progressively regulating until pump reaches negative discharge capacity maximum value position, and this truck has just reached maximum forward speed, and the phase III also is hydraulic pressure-mechanical compound transmission.The deficiency of this hydraulic pressure-mechanical compound transmission scheme is:
1, the phase I of this scheme operation is hydraulic transmission, and its transmission efficiency is low;
2, there is circulating power in the power flow direction analysis that operation is passed through to second stage;
3, hydraulic power stream constantly changes the total transmission efficiency instability after converging with the ratio that mechanical output flows in the phase III operation;
4, the operating method of this scheme is complicated and be difficult to grasp, and is not general with the general operation main points of general-utility car, make easily the driver when operation since habitual the action operate miss occurs and cause security incident.
Blast furnace, mine all need with high-power blower air blast or ventilation, continuous devices such as some main equipments or conveyor need powerful motoring, these equipment will overcome very big starting resistance square when starting, and avoid causing the supply network to equipment to form cranking current pulse, some equipment needs good speed adjusting performance in running.(Liu Yingcheng, Yang Naiqiao write " fluid coupling is used and power-saving technology ", Chemical Industry Press publishes, January in 2006 the 1st edition) delivered the variable speed fluid coupling kind of drive and selected (chapter 6 the 7th joint the 3rd trifle table 6-8), in the multiple speed governing kind of drive that this tabular is lifted: the mechanism driving efficient of monomotor serial connection variable speed fluid coupling is low, the fluid coupling allocating power is big, the complex structure of multiple-motor serial or parallel connection variable speed fluid coupling mechanism, investment is big.
Its driving mechanism will have good automatic increase output torque and reduce the performance of output speed when engineering machinery or truck travelled under certain situation." chassis structure and principle " (Zhou Jianzhao chief editor, National Defense Industry Press publishes, in May, the 2006 front page first impression), delivered a kind of transmission sketch (chapter 1 the 4th joint Fig. 1-7) of TL-180 bulldozer, total output when this bulldozer stepless change is travelled all will be passed through torque converter drive, and transmission efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention provides a kind of machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism, installs when using on vehicle, makes vehicle drive fast running with mechanical drive mode, also can drive with the compound kind of drive stepless change of mechanical-hydraulic and travel; When being adapted as the special-purpose vehicle of monomotor configuration, motor rotates in the middling speed section, have simultaneously branch's driving mechanism with the transmission of mechanical drive mode output power with car apparatus for work stable operation, the transmission efficiency height, simple in structure, easy to operate, effectively solve the above-mentioned defective of prior art.
Second purpose of the present invention provides a kind of machinery-fluid power composite driving mechanism, with mechanical transmission, hydraudynamic drive shunting transmission total output, and starting under no load under the situation of load can connected, can limit square protection and stepless speed regulation, and can switch to mechanical transmission from the compound transmission of machinery-fluid power easily; Can adapt to the increase of load automatically when using and increase moment of torsion and reduce output speed on engineering machinery and heavy truck, relatively prior art reduces equipment investment, further improves transmission efficiency.
For realizing above-mentioned first purpose, the invention provides a kind of machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism, comprise motor, differential mechanism, volume adjustable hydraulic pump, hydraulic pipe line, oil hydraulic motor and epicyclic gearbox, described motor connects transmission differential mechanism, volume adjustable hydraulic pump, hydraulic pipe line, oil hydraulic motor and epicyclic gearbox in proper order, and described differential mechanism directly connects the transmission epicyclic gearbox simultaneously; Described differential mechanism distributes transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump and epicyclic gearbox with the total output of motor input, and described epicyclic gearbox converges differential mechanism and distributes the mechanical output stream of transmission and the hydraulic power stream back output of oil hydraulic motor transmission.
Wherein, also comprise the operator cabin that is installed on the vehicle frame, be provided with motor hand throttle device and accelerator pedal in the operator cabin, also be provided with the volume adjustable hydraulic pump foot treadle of the controlled variable oil hydraulic pump that links with accelerator pedal, the corresponding middling speed position that connects accelerator pedal of the zero position of volume adjustable hydraulic pump foot treadle.
Wherein, described differential mechanism can also can be asymmetric differential mechanism for symmetric difference speed device.
Affixed belt pulley on the shell of described symmetrical differential mechanism connects the cross planet pin in the described shell, and four planetary pinions are set on four axle journals of cross planet pin and engagement driving first differential gear and second differential gear simultaneously respectively; First semiaxis passes the end that belt pulley puts in the shell first differential gear is installed, and the other end of first semiaxis connects the transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump, and the part of the total output of motor transmission is by described first semiaxis connection transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump; The end that second semiaxis puts in the shell is installed second differential gear, the other end of second semiaxis puts in the center that is installed in pivoted arm in the epicyclic gearbox and connects transmission, and another part of the total output of motor transmission rotates by the pivoted arm that described second semiaxis connects the transmission epicyclic gearbox.
Affixed belt pulley on the shell of described asymmetric differential mechanism, second semiaxis pass belt pulley and put in second differential gear that the interior end of shell is equipped with internal tooth, and the end that first semiaxis pierces in the shell is installed first differential gear; On two or three or four uniform installations of the planet pin one side in the enclosure and parallel with second semiaxis with described first semiaxis, be set with a planetary pinion on the every planet pin, every planetary pinion all simultaneously with the internal tooth engagement driving of the external tooth and second differential gear of first differential gear; The other end of described first semiaxis connects the transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump, and the part of the total output of motor transmission connects the transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump by described first semiaxis; The other end of described second semiaxis stretches into the center that is installed in pivoted arm in the epicyclic gearbox and connects transmission, and another part of the total output of motor transmission rotates by the pivoted arm that described second semiaxis connects the transmission epicyclic gearbox.
Described epicyclic gearbox comprise central gear, with two planetary pinions of the internal tooth engagement driving of central gear, with the sun gear of described two planetary pinion engagement driving; Second semiaxis of described differential mechanism puts in the center that the interior end of epicyclic gearbox is installed in pivoted arm, is set with a planetary pinion on two output shaft necks of pivoted arm, and described differential mechanism is imported mechanical power circuit by second semiaxis to epicyclic gearbox; Described volume adjustable hydraulic pump is by hydraulic pipe line output hydraulic oil transmission fluid pressure motor, described oil hydraulic motor connects transmission hydraulic pressure transmission shaft, the hydraulic transmission shaft extension carries out on the interior end of star gear-box gear being installed, the external tooth of meshed transmission gear central gear, the internal tooth engagement driving planetary pinion of central gear, oil hydraulic motor is by the axial epicyclic gearbox input hydraulic pressure of hydraulic transmission power circuit; Described sun gear is installed on the end of axis, planetary pinion is the engagement driving sun gear under pivoted arm drives and under the internal tooth engagement driving of central gear, the other end of axis passes central gear and stretches out the outer output power of epicyclic gearbox, and epicyclic gearbox distributes the mechanical output stream of transmission and the hydraulic power stream of oil hydraulic motor transmission to converge by sun gear and axis output total output differential mechanism.
On the technique scheme basis, described motor is installed on the vehicle frame and connects the transmission gear shift device, speed changer connects an end of transmission front propeller shaft, the bearing bracket assembly is installed on the vehicle frame, on one end of the axle of bearing bracket assembly belt pulley is installed, the other end of described front propeller shaft connects the other end of the axle of drive bearing seat support assembly, motor is by speed changer and front propeller shaft, the axle of bearing bracket assembly connects transmission pulley, belt pulley rotates and drives the differential mechanism rotation by the belt pulley that the vee belt transmission is fixed on the described differential mechanism shell, the axis of described epicyclic gearbox connects the transmission rear propeller shaft, and rear propeller shaft connection transmission is installed in the ransaxle on the vehicle frame.Further, on first semiaxis of described differential mechanism disk type braker is installed, the brake disc adapter sleeve of disk type braker is contained on first semiaxis, and the brake-caliper support of disk type braker is fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame, is provided with the brake handle of operation-plate type break in the described operator cabin.Described belt pulley is also worked with the car apparatus for work with the mechanical drive mode transmission by the vee belt.
On the technique scheme basis, described motor is installed on the vehicle frame and connects the transmission gear shift device, power take-off is installed on the power take-off interface of speed changer, and the engaging and disengaging gear that connects transmission with speed changer is arranged in the power take-off, is provided with power take-off engaging and disengaging gear operating grip in operator cabin; The bearing bracket assembly is installed in a side of frame beam, transmission, the other end of the one end connection power take-off of transmission shaft connects an end of the axle of drive bearing seat support assembly, belt pulley is installed in the other end of the axle of bearing bracket assembly, and the moving differential mechanism of belt pulley rotating band that belt pulley is fixed in by the vee belt transmission on the shell of differential mechanism rotates; Described speed changer also connects an end and the transmission front propeller shaft of front propeller shaft, and the other end of front propeller shaft connects the end that the outer output shaft of speed reducer is stretched out in transmission; One end of the axis of described epicyclic gearbox puts in the speed reducer and fastening suit first reduction gear, suit second reduction gear and magnetic clutch on the output shaft of speed reducer, fastening connection second reduction gear of the plane junction plane of magnetic clutch, the fastening connection output shaft of the endoporus junction plane of magnetic clutch, in operator cabin, be provided with the electromagnetic switching clutch of control magnetic clutch, the first reduction gear engagement driving, second reduction gear; Output shaft stretches out the outer the other end of speed reducer and connects the transmission rear propeller shaft, and rear propeller shaft connection transmission is installed in the ransaxle on the vehicle frame.Further, described belt pulley is also worked with the car apparatus for work with the mechanical drive mode transmission by the vee belt.
On the such scheme basis, machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism is compound installation, described motor is installed in and connects the compound differential mechanism of transmission on the plant bottom case, compound differential mechanism connects transmission differential mechanism and compound planet gear case simultaneously, described epicyclic gearbox connects transmission compound planet gear case, and the compound planet gear case converges output power transmission working machine operation after the transmission of compound differential mechanism and epicyclic gearbox; Described differential mechanism is symmetrical differential mechanism, connect the cross planet pin in the shell of described symmetrical differential mechanism, four planetary pinions are set on four axle journals of cross planet pin and engagement driving first differential gear and second shaftgear simultaneously respectively, first semiaxis puts in that a end in the shell is installed first differential gear, the other end connects the transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump, and second semiaxis puts in that a end in the shell is installed second differential gear, the other end puts in the center that is installed in pivoted arm in the epicyclic gearbox and connects transmission; The engine output shaft end is installed first power gear, and second power gear is fastening to be installed on the compound shell of compound differential mechanism, and the first power gear engagement driving, second power gear is rotated and driven compound differential mechanism and rotate; Connect cross compound planet gear axle in the compound shell of described compound differential mechanism, four compound planet gears are set on four axle journals of cross compound planet gear axle and compound first differential gear of engagement driving and compound second differential gear simultaneously respectively, compound first semiaxis puts in that a end in the compound shell is installed compound first differential gear, the other end is installed first transition gear, and compound second semiaxis puts in that a end in the compound shell is installed compound second differential gear, the other end puts in and is installed in the center of compound swivel arm in the compound planet gear case and connects transmission; Second transition gear is fastening to be installed on the shell of symmetrical differential mechanism, and the first transition gear engagement driving, second transition gear rotates and drives symmetric difference speed device and rotate; The brake disc adapter sleeve of disk type braker is contained on first semiaxis, brake-caliper support is fixedly mounted on the plant bottom case; Volume adjustable hydraulic pump connects the transmission fluid pressure motor by hydraulic pipe line, and oil hydraulic motor connects transmission hydraulic pressure transmission shaft, and the end that the hydraulic transmission shaft extension is carried out in the star gear-box is installed gear; The external tooth of meshed transmission gear central gear, two planetary pinions of the internal tooth engagement driving of central gear, two planetary pinions are set on two output shaft necks of pivoted arm and engagement driving sun gear simultaneously, planetary pinion rotates engagement driving sun gear under the interlock in the internal tooth engagement driving of central gear and pivoted arm, and an end of axis is installed sun gear, the other end and passed central gear and stretch out epicyclic gearbox and put in outward again compound gear is installed in the compound planet gear case; The external tooth of compound gear engagement driving complex center wheel, two compound planet gears of internal tooth engagement driving of complex center wheel, two compound planet gears are set on two output shaft necks of compound swivel arm, compound planet gear rotates the compound sun gear of engagement driving under the interlock at the internal tooth engagement driving and the compound swivel arm of complex center wheel, and an end of compound axis is installed compound sun gear, the other end and passed the complex center wheel and pass output power behind the compound planet gear case again.
For realizing above-mentioned second purpose, the invention provides a kind of machinery-fluid power composite driving mechanism, comprise that power engine connects first power gear and second power gear of transmission in proper order, second power gear is fastening to be installed on the shell of symmetrical differential mechanism, the symmetry differential mechanism connects transmission hydrodynamic unit and epicyclic gearbox simultaneously, and hydrodynamic unit connects the transmission first fluid power gear, the second fluid power gear, hydraudynamic drive axle and epicyclic gearbox in proper order; The total output transmission hydrodynamic unit and the epicyclic gearbox of the transmission of symmetry differential mechanism distributed power machine, epicyclic gearbox converge transmission working machine operation behind the power of symmetrical differential mechanism and hydrodynamic unit transmission.
Described hydrodynamic unit is fluid coupling or fluid torque converter.
Further, connect the cross planet pin in the shell of described symmetrical differential mechanism, four planetary pinions are set on four axle journals of cross planet pin and engagement driving first differential gear and second differential gear simultaneously respectively, first semiaxis puts in that a end in the shell is installed first differential gear, the other end connects the transmission hydrodynamic unit, and second semiaxis puts in that a end in the shell is installed second differential gear, the other end puts in the center that is installed in pivoted arm in the epicyclic gearbox and connects transmission.
Further, the end that described hydraudynamic drive shaft extension is carried out in the star gear-box is installed gear, the external tooth of meshed transmission gear central gear, the internal tooth engagement driving planetary pinion of central gear, two planetary pinions are set on two output shaft necks of pivoted arm, planetary pinion rotates rotation and engagement driving sun gear under the interlock at the internal tooth engagement driving and the pivoted arm of central gear, and an end of axis is installed sun gear, the other end passes central gear and passes the operation of epicyclic gearbox transmission working machine.
Machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism of the present invention has proposed a kind of technological scheme of the compound transmission of mechanical-hydraulic of new structure, motor connects the transmission differential mechanism, order connects transmission between differential mechanism, volume adjustable hydraulic pump, oil hydraulic motor and the epicyclic gearbox, differential mechanism directly connects the transmission epicyclic gearbox simultaneously, differential mechanism distributes transmission to give volume adjustable hydraulic pump and epicyclic gearbox the total output of motor transmission, and epicyclic gearbox converges the mechanical output stream of differential mechanism transmission and the hydraulic power stream back output of oil hydraulic motor transmission.The technical program is applied in and can realizes on the automobile that vehicle stepless change under the compound transmission of mechanical-hydraulic travels, and can realize that also vehicle switches to advancing under the mechanical transmission and travels and move backward simultaneously; And, mechanical output stream flows with identical transmission direction stack input planet gear case transmission sun gear with hydraulic power, there is not circulating power in the compound transmission process of the present invention, the mechanical transmission power circuit accounts for major part in the system of vehicle transmission total power flow, technological scheme of the present invention has advantages such as transmission efficiency height, oil consumption be low.
Mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism of the present invention is applied in when needing motivational drive with the special-purpose vehicle of car apparatus for work, and special-purpose vehicle is the monomotor power setting, discharge low, install take up room little; Motor rotates in middling speed, and vehicle drives with the compound kind of drive stepless change of mechanical-hydraulic and travels, and can provide in mechanically operated mode simultaneously to stablize the apparatus for work construction operation that motivational drive is installed with car; During operation, good operation performance and convenient drives 50% of hydraulic power≤drivings road horsepower of travelling, can stepless adjustment exports to the power of apparatus for work by adjusting engine speed, and dynamical stability, the operation quality of driving apparatus for work are good; Drive in mechanically operated mode during transition and travel, travelling speed is fast, and total transmission efficiency height of vehicle, oil consumption are low; The present invention can also further improve the ratio of mechanical transmission power by adopting asymmetric differential design in the gross vehicle transmission power, further improve total transmission efficiency and reduce oil consumption.
Mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism of the present invention is applied on the truck that travels in the mining area, truck can travel in bumpy highway section in the mining area with infinite variable speed characteristic, does not need frequently to step on dynamic clutch, the speed governing of conversion gear, operates comfortable convenience, intact stability is good, and the vehicle component damage is little; When road was smooth, vehicle can switch to mechanical transmission easily and drive fast running, can also further improve the travelling comfort of the driving of travelling in bumpy highway section when adopting asymmetric differential mechanism.
Machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism of the present invention is applied in the blower fan transmission of mine, blast furnace, and the advantage that perhaps is applied in main equipment, the continuous device transmission is:
1, motor can connect working machine load starting under no load, after motor starting reaches working speed, increase the rotating speed that load improves working machine gradually more lentamente, reduced the impact to power devices system starting current, the apolegamy of motor does not need to select for use the electric motor power of excessive power;
2, can be from zero to stepless speed regulation the maximum speed, speed-regulating range width;
3, hydraulic power stream can also be easily converts mechanical transmission to, the transmission efficiency height from the stepless speed regulation of compound transmission smaller or equal to mechanical output stream in the compound transmission process;
4, between motor and working machine load, do not need to install engaging and disengaging gear, simple in structure, easy to operate;
During 5, with the compound installation of machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism of the present invention, the ratio of mechanical output stream contrasting fluid voltage power stream further increases in the compound transmission, and transmission efficiency further improves.
The invention allows for a kind of machinery-fluid power composite driving mechanism, power engine connects the transmission symmetry differential mechanism, and symmetrical differential mechanism connects transmission hydrodynamic unit and epicyclic gearbox simultaneously, and hydrodynamic unit connects the transmission epicyclic gearbox again; The symmetry differential mechanism distributes transmission hydrodynamic unit and epicyclic gearbox with the total output of power engine transmission, epicyclic gearbox with symmetrical differential mechanism and hydrodynamic unit respectively the power of transmission converge the operation of back transmission working machine.
When above-mentioned driving mechanism medium power machine is that motor, hydrodynamic unit are the technological schemes of fluid coupling when being applied in the main equipment, have following advantage:
1, motor can connect working machine load starting under no load, and time-delay slow start working machine has reduced the cranking current pulse to the power devices network behind the motor starting;
2, the motor apolegamy does not need the excessive power electric motor power;
3, can speed governing, limit square overload protection;
4, have to slow down and impact and isolate torsional oscillation kinetic energy;
5, as long as, reduced the investment of fluid coupling with adapting to half the fluid coupling configuration of the total transmission power of equipment;
6, improve transmission efficiency, reduced energy consumption.
When the machinery-compound installation of fluid power composite driving mechanism, can further reduce the power configuration of fluid coupling, more reduce the investment of equipment, further improve transmission efficiency.
When the power engine in machinery-fluid power composite driving mechanism is that motor, hydrodynamic unit are that the technological scheme of fluid torque converter is when being applied to truck and engineering machinery, driving mechanism can increase moment of torsion automatically and reduce output speed when load increases, avoid engine misses; Simplified speed changer structure, prolonged the working life of vehicle critical piece, in the mining area, mire, to travel in the marshland increased the traffic capacity, driven to have travelling comfort, infinite variable speed transmission efficiency height; Can be converted to mechanical transmission speed change fast running, reduce energy consumption.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic representation of mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism basic structure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural drawing of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the transmission schematic representation of first embodiment of the invention structure;
Fig. 4 is the structural drawing of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the transmission schematic representation of second embodiment of the invention structure;
Fig. 6 is the structural drawing of the asymmetric differential mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the transmission schematic representation of the compound mounting structure of third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the transmission schematic representation of machinery of the present invention-fluid power composite driving mechanism.
Description of reference numerals:
1-operator cabin; 2-motor; 3-speed changer;
4-vehicle frame; 5-volume adjustable hydraulic pump; 6-belt pulley;
7-differential mechanism; 7A-symmetrical differential mechanism; 7B-asymmetric differential mechanism;
8-operating grip; 9-electromagnetic switching clutch; 10-hand throttle device;
11-accelerator pedal; 12-volume adjustable hydraulic pump foot treadle; 13-power take-off;
14-transmission shaft; 15-bearing bracket assembly; 16-belt pulley;
17-epicyclic gearbox; 18-oil hydraulic motor; 19A-front propeller shaft;
19B-rear propeller shaft; 20-speed reducer; 21-ransaxle;
22-shell; 23-the second semiaxis; 24-central gear;
25-output shaft; 26-the second reduction gear; 27-the first semiaxis;
28-hydraulic pipe line; 29-the first differential gear; 30-planetary pinion;
31-planet pin; 32-the second differential gear; 33-pivoted arm;
34-gear; 35-hydraulic transmission axle; 36-magnetic clutch;
37-the first reduction gear; 38-axis; 39-sun gear;
40-planetary pinion; 41-disk type braker; 42-brake handle;
43-the first power gear; 44-the second power gear; 45-the first transition gear;
46-the second transition gear; 47-power engine; 48-hydrodynamic unit;
49-the first fluid power gear; 50-the second fluid power gear; 51-hydraudynamic drive axle;
7F-compound differential mechanism; 17F-compound planet gear case; 22F-compound shell;
23F-compound second semiaxis; 24F-complex center wheel; 27F-compound first semiaxis;
29F-compound first differential gear; 30F-compound planet gear; 31F-compound planet gear axle;
32F-compound second differential gear; 33F-compound swivel arm; 34F-compound gear;
38F-compound axis; 39F-compound sun gear; 40F-compound planet gear.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the schematic representation of machinery of the present invention-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism basic structure.As shown in Figure 1, machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism of the present invention comprises motor 2, differential mechanism 7, volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5, hydraulic pipe line 28, oil hydraulic motor 18 and epicyclic gearbox 17; Motor 2 connects transmission differential mechanism 7, and order connects transmission between differential mechanism 7, volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5, hydraulic pipe line 28, oil hydraulic motor 18 and the epicyclic gearbox 17, and differential mechanism 7 directly connects transmission epicyclic gearbox 17 simultaneously; Differential mechanism 7 distributes transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 and epicyclic gearbox 17 with the total output of motor 2 transmissions, and epicyclic gearbox 17 converges the mechanical output stream of differential mechanism 7 transmissions and the hydraulic power stream back output of oil hydraulic motor 18 transmissions.
First embodiment
Fig. 2 is machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism first embodiment's of the present invention structural drawing, and Fig. 3 is the transmission schematic representation of first example structure, as Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3:
Present embodiment is the technological scheme that is applied to car transmissions, motor 2 connects transmission gear shift device 3 and is installed in together on the vehicle frame 4, speed changer 3 connects transmission front propeller shaft 19A, bearing bracket assembly 15 is installed on the crossbeam of vehicle frame 4, one end of the axle of bearing bracket assembly 15 connects transmission, the other end of front propeller shaft 19A belt pulley 16 is installed, belt pulley 16 connects transmission by the vee belt and is fixed in belt pulley 6 on differential mechanism 7 shells 22, and motor 2 connects the moving differential mechanism 7 of transmission drivign belt dish 6 rotating bands by order and rotates; Differential mechanism 7 distributes the total output transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 and the epicyclic gearbox 17 of motor 2 transmissions, differential mechanism 7, volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5, hydraulic pipe line 28, oil hydraulic motor 18 and epicyclic gearbox 17 connect transmission and suspension type in proper order and are installed in vehicle frame 4 crossbeams middle part, and differential mechanism 7 also directly connects transmission epicyclic gearbox 17; Epicyclic gearbox 17 connects the transmission of differential mechanism 7 and oil hydraulic motor 18 simultaneously, epicyclic gearbox 17 converges the mechanical output stream of differential mechanism 7 transmissions and the hydraulic power stream back transmission rear propeller shaft 19B of oil hydraulic motor 18 transmissions, and rear propeller shaft 19B transmission ransaxle 21 powered vehicle are travelled.
Operator cabin 1 is installed on vehicle frame 4, in operator cabin 1, be provided with motor hand throttle device 10 and accelerator pedal 11, also be provided with the volume adjustable hydraulic pump foot treadle 12 of the controlled variable oil hydraulic pump 5 that links with accelerator pedal 11, the middling speed position of the corresponding accelerator pedal 11 of the zero position of volume adjustable hydraulic pump foot treadle 12 connects.
First semiaxis 27 of differential mechanism 7 connects transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5, on first semiaxis 27, disk type braker 41 is installed, the brake disc adapter sleeve of disk type braker 41 is contained on first semiaxis 27, the brake-caliper support of disk type braker 41 is fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame 4, is provided with the brake handle 42 of operation-plate type break 41 in operator cabin 1.
When present embodiment is applied to reequip special purpose vehicle, belt pulley 16 divides the two-way output motor power that 2 transmissions are come by the vee belt, one the tunnel with mechanically operated mode transmission with car apparatus for work work, another road connects the moving differential mechanism 7 of belt pulley rotating band that transmission is fixed on differential mechanism 7 shells and rotates.
The internal structure of differential mechanism 7 and the outside drive connection that connects are in the present embodiment: differential mechanism 7 is symmetrical differential mechanism 7A, belt pulley 6 is fixed on the shell 22 of symmetrical differential mechanism 7A, is rotated by vee belt drivign belt dish 6 by belt pulley 16 and drives symmetric difference speed device 7A rotation; Connect on four axle journals that 31, four planetary pinions 30 of cross planet pins are set in cross planet pin 31 in the shell 22 and engagement driving first differential gear 29 and second differential gear 32 simultaneously respectively; First semiaxis 27 passes belt pulley 6 and puts in the other end connection transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 that shell 22 interior ends are installed first differential gear, 29, the first semiaxis 27, and the part of the total output of motor 2 transmissions connects transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pumps 5 by first semiaxis 27; The end that second semiaxis 23 puts in the shell 22 is installed second differential gear 32, the other end of second semiaxis 23 puts in and is installed in the center of pivoted arm 33 in the epicyclic gearbox 17 and connects transmission, and another part of the total output of motor 2 transmissions rotates by the pivoted arm 33 that second semiaxis 23 connects transmission epicyclic gearbox 17; The total output that symmetry differential mechanism 7A comes motor 2 transmissions is assigned as two-part transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 and epicyclic gearbox 17, and volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 connects transmission fluid pressure motor 18 by hydraulic pipe line 28.
The internal structure of epicyclic gearbox 17 and the outside drive connection that connects are in the present embodiment: epicyclic gearbox 17 comprise central gear 24, with two planetary pinions 40 of the internal tooth engagement driving of central gear 24, with the sun gear 39 of two planetary pinion 40 engagement driving; Second semiaxis 23 of symmetry differential mechanism 7A puts in the center that epicyclic gearbox 17 interior ends are installed in pivoted arm 33, be set with a planetary pinion 40 on two output shaft necks of pivoted arm 33, symmetrical differential mechanism 7A imports mechanical power circuit by second semiaxis 23 to epicyclic gearbox 17; Oil hydraulic motor 18 connects transmission hydraulic pressure transmission shaft 35, hydraulic transmission axle 35 puts on the end in the epicyclic gearbox 17 gear 34 is installed, the external tooth of gear 34 engagement driving central gears 24, the internal tooth engagement driving planetary pinion 40 of central gear 24, oil hydraulic motor 18 by hydraulic transmission axle 35 to epicyclic gearbox 17 input hydraulic pressure power circuits; Sun gear 39 is installed on the end of axis 38, planetary pinion 40 engagement driving sun gears 39 rotate and drive axis 38 rotations, axis 38 passes central gear 24 and stretches out epicyclic gearbox 17 the other ends connection transmission rear propeller shaft 19B outward, epicyclic gearbox 17 converges the hydraulic power stream of the mechanical output of symmetrical differential mechanism 7A transmission stream and oil hydraulic motor 18 transmissions by axis 38 transmissions exports to rear propeller shaft 19B, and rear propeller shaft 19B transmission ransaxle 21 powered vehicle are travelled.
Fig. 6 is the structural drawing of the asymmetric differential mechanism of the present invention.Differential mechanism 7 can also be asymmetric differential mechanism 7B, asymmetric differential mechanism 7B comprise shell 22 ' and go up affixed belt pulley 6 ', by belt pulley 16 by vee belt drivign belt dish 6 ' rotate and drive asymmetric differential mechanism 7B to rotate; Second semiaxis 23 pass second differential gear 32 that belt pulley 6 ' put in shell 22 ' interior end is equipped with internal tooth ', first semiaxis 27 pierce into shell 22 ' interior end install first differential gear 29 '; Two or three or four planet pins 31 ' uniform are installed on the one side of shell 22 ' interior and are parallel with first semiaxis, 27 second semiaxis 23, every planet pin 31 ' on be set with a planetary pinion 30 ', every planetary pinion 30 ' all simultaneously with first differential gear 29 ' external tooth and second differential gear 32 ' the internal tooth engagement driving; The other end of first semiaxis 27 connects transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5, and the part of the total output of motor 2 transmissions connects transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 by first semiaxis 27 of asymmetric differential mechanism 7B; The other end of second semiaxis 23 stretches into and is installed in the center of pivoted arm 33 in the epicyclic gearbox 17 and connects transmission, and another part of the total output of motor 2 transmissions connects pivoted arm 33 rotations of transmission epicyclic gearbox 17 by second semiaxis 23 of asymmetric differential mechanism 7B.
The present embodiment mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism is used when being installed on the automobile, the working procedure of compound transmission is: motor 2 order transmission gear shift devices 3, front propeller shaft 19A, the axle of bearing bracket assembly 15, belt pulley 16 rotate, belt pulley 16 rotates by vee belt drivign belt dish 6, the shell 22 of the symmetrical differential mechanism 7A of belt pulley 6 drives rotates and drive cross planet pin 31 and planetary pinion 30 rotates, and planetary pinion 30 rotates and makes differential rotation between first differential gear 29 and second differential gear 32.First differential gear 29 rotates by first semiaxis 27 volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 is rotated, and volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 rotates by hydraulic pipe line 28 output hydraulic oil transmission fluid pressure motors 18.Oil hydraulic motor 18 rotates by hydraulic transmission axle 35 driven gears 34, and the external tooth of gear 34 engagement driving central gears 24 rotates central gear 24, and the internal tooth engagement driving planetary pinion 40 of central gear 24 rotates.Second differential gear 32 rotates by second semiaxis 23 and drives pivoted arms 33 and rotate, and two output shafts of pivoted arm 33 rotate linkage planetary pinions 40 around second semiaxis 23 and rotate, and both the rotated output shaft of arm 33 of planetary pinion 40 rotates also around 23 revolution of second semiaxis.The mechanical output stream that the hydraulic power that planetary pinion 40 is come central gear 24 internal tooth engagement driving transmissions flows and pivoted arm 33 rotation transmissions are come converges back engagement driving sun gear 39 and rotates, sun gear 39 drives axis 38 and rotates transmission rear propeller shaft 19B rotation, and rear propeller shaft 19B transmission ransaxle 21 powered vehicle are travelled.The installation of adjusting the connecting pipeline 28 between volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 and the oil hydraulic motor 18 makes hydraulic power spread moving direction and mechanical output, and to spread moving direction and vehicle heading consistent.
The operating process that the present embodiment mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism is applied on the automobile is: pilot engine 2 rotations and manipulation hand throttle device 10 progressively improve rotating speed to middling speed, motor 2 rotations drive to symmetrical differential mechanism 7A in proper order and rotate, first differential gear 29 of symmetry differential mechanism 7A and first semiaxis 27 rotate, first semiaxis 27 connects 5 idle running of transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pumps and neither exports also output power not of hydraulic oil, second differential gear 32 and second semiaxis 23 of symmetry differential mechanism 7A do not rotate, and vehicle is in halted state; Stepping on accelerator pedal 11 crosses middling speed position interlock volume adjustable hydraulic pump foot treadle 12 and sends control signal and change swashplate angles output hydraulic oil transmission fluid pressure motors 18 for volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 to rotate, oil hydraulic motor 18 order transmission hydraulic pressure transmission shafts 35, gear 34, central gear 24 rotate, and the internal tooth engagement driving planetary pinion 40 of central gear 24 rotates; The resisting moment that first semiaxis 27 is exported hydraulic powers by first differential gear 29 with volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 passes to symmetrical differential mechanism 7A, second differential gear 32 and second semiaxis 23 of symmetrical differential mechanism 7A are rotated, and second semiaxis 23 drives pivoted arm 33, planetary pinion 40 rotates; Planetary pinion 40 with central gear 24 and pivoted arm 33 respectively the transmission power of coming converge back transmission sun gear 39 and rotate, sun gear 39 drives axis 38 and rotates transmission rear propeller shaft 19B and rotate, rear propeller shaft 19B transmission ransaxle 21 powered vehicle are travelled.Continuing to step on accelerator pedal 11 interlock volume adjustable hydraulic pump foot treadles 12 makes vehicle travel in infinite variable speed mode.Adjust hand throttle device 10, adjust connecting between accelerator pedal 11 and the volume adjustable hydraulic pump foot treadle 12, make and step on the fuel delivery that accelerator pedal 11 is crossed increases motor behind the middling speed position that manual accelerator devices 10 determine, improve engine speed, satisfied the power needs that volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 accelerating vehicles travel.Operation-plate type break 41 makes vehicle can switch to general automobile mechanical transmission or the compound transmission of mechanical-hydraulic easily, and the brake handle 42 in the manipulation operator cabin 1 can make disk type braker 41 brakings or loosen.Brake activation handle 42 makes disk type braker 41 brakings, the brake disc of brake calipers locking disk type braker 41 can not rotate first semiaxis 27, first semiaxis 27 can not rotate then, and first differential gear 29 and volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 all can not rotate, volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 does not rotate and makes oil hydraulic motor 18, hydraulic transmission axle 35, gear 34, central gear 24 all can not rotate, and does not have hydraulic power transmission epicyclic gearbox 17; The effect that motor 2 orders drive to the symmetrical differential mechanism 7A of power process of symmetrical differential mechanism 7A is rotated second differential gear 32, second semiaxis 23, pivoted arm 33, pivoted arm 33 rotates interlock planetary pinion 40 engagement in rotation transmission sun gears 39 and rotates, sun gear 39 orders drive axis 38 and rotate transmission rear propeller shaft 19B, ransaxle 21 rotations, ransaxle 21 powered vehicle are travelled, and operation transmission 3 is put into gear and stepped on accelerator pedal 11 and realized that mechanical drive mode powered vehicle speed change travels; Volume adjustable hydraulic pump foot treadle 12 sends function from control signal to volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 is cut off in interlock during 42 brakings of brake activation handle; volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 does not rotate under the condition that first semiaxis 27 is braked; stepping on accelerator pedal 11 interlock volume adjustable hydraulic pump foot treadles 12 does not have control signal to issue volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 yet, has protected volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5.When brake activation handle 42 loosened disk type braker 41, the vehicle of present embodiment had recovered the characteristic that the compound drive stepless speed changing of mechanical-hydraulic travels.
When the present embodiment mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism was applied to truck, vehicle can switch to the compound kind of drive stepless change of mechanical-hydraulic easily and travel, and the rideability of vehicle on bumpy highway section, mining area is good, drives comfortable; Drive and travel when vehicle driving can switch to shifted mechanical drive mode during to flat road again easily, Vehicle Speed is fast, transmission efficiency is high.
When the present embodiment mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism is applied to special-purpose vehicles such as sweeping machine, high pressure sprinkling truck, vehicle can dispose under the state that the compound drive stepless speed changing of mechanical-hydraulic travels at monomotor, and belt pulley 16 is exported more stable motivational drive simultaneously with the work of car apparatus for work; During end of job transition, vehicle can switch to the mechanical drive mode fast running easily.Can regulate motor 2 rotating speeds with hand throttle device 10 easily during the special-purpose vehicle operation and satisfy the power demand that changes with the car apparatus for work, when vehicle gives it the gun the load increase, step on the output power that volume adjustable hydraulic pump foot treadle 12 interlock accelerator pedals 11 increase the fuel delivery increase motor 2 of motors 2.
Compared with prior art, the present embodiment mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism is applied in and can switches to mutually easily on the automobile that the compound drive stepless speed changing of mechanical-hydraulic travels or mechanical transmission is shifted travels; Use when the present invention reequips special-purpose vehicle and can the monomotor configuration export more stable motivational drive apparatus for work work, save the vehicle space position, easy and simple to handle, comfortable, there is not circulating power in the compound transmission of mechanical-hydraulic, the hydraulic power of transmission is smaller or equal to mechanical output, the transmission efficiency height, oil consumption is low, discharging is low, and the special purpose vehicle that connects the hydraulic transmission repacking than twin-engined configurations or monomotor cuts down the consumption of energy, good economy performance.
For further improving transmission efficiency, reducing oil consumption, the technological scheme that can adopt the technological scheme of asymmetric differential mechanism 7B to replace symmetrical differential mechanism 7A, the asymmetric differential mechanism 7B of motor 2 transmissions rotate make second semiaxis 23 ' with ground output power such as first semiaxis 27 ' not, the hydraulic power that driving is travelled is more less than mechanical output, the vehicle operation travels, drives that hydraulic transmission power only accounts for fraction in the total output that apparatus for work and transition travel, the transmission efficiency of vehicle further improves, and oil consumption further reduces.When truck adopts asymmetric differential mechanism 7B structure, can also further improve the travelling comfort that vehicle travels in bumpy highway section.
Hub type brake can be replaced disk type braker 41 and be applied to present embodiment.The method of volume adjustable hydraulic pump foot treadle 12 controlled variable oil hydraulic pumps 5 can be the mode of electro-hydraulic or the mode of mechanical-hydraulic.Differential mechanism 7 can be connected that second semiaxis 23 of transmission epicyclic gearboxes 17 is therefrom separated to connect vibration when adapting to vehicle driving with transmission shaft, universal joint again.Configuration hydraulic oil container, oil purifier, various hydrovalve, hydraulic oil cooling device and hydraulic pipe line 28, volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5, oil hydraulic motor 18 are connected into complete automobile-used hydraulic system, and above structure is all in this case protection domain.
Second embodiment
Second embodiment makes part to change on first embodiment's basis: (1) removes disk type braker 41 and brake handle 42; (2) motor 2 connects transmission symmetry differential mechanism 7A with another scheme; (3) increase speed reducer 20; (4) speed changer 3 and epicyclic gearbox 17 connect speed reducer 20 and difference transmission speed reducer 20 simultaneously, speed reducer 20 order transmission rear propeller shaft 19B, ransaxle 21.
Fig. 4 is the structural drawing of second embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 5 is the transmission schematic representation of second embodiment of the invention structure, as Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5:
Motor 2 transmission gear shift devices 3, power take-off 13 are installed on the power take-off interface of speed changer 3, and the engaging and disengaging gear that connects transmission with speed changer 3 is arranged in the power take-off 13, are provided with power take-off engaging and disengaging gear operating grip 8 in operator cabin 1; Bearing bracket assembly 15 ' a be installed in side of vehicle frame 4 crossbeams, transmission, the other end that one end of transmission shaft 14 connects power take-off 13 connect drive bearing seat support assembly 15 ' an end of axle, belt pulley 16 ' be installed in bearing bracket assembly 15 ' the other end of axle, belt pulley 16 ' be fixed in belt pulley 6 on the symmetrical differential mechanism 7A shell 22 by the vee belt transmission to rotate and drive symmetric differences speed device 7A and rotate; Speed changer 3 also connects an end and the transmission front propeller shaft 19A of front propeller shaft 19A, and the output shaft 25 of the other end connection transmission speed reducer 20 of front propeller shaft 19A stretches out the end outside the speed reducer 20; Symmetry differential mechanism 7A connects transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5, and volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 is by hydraulic pipe line 28 transmission fluid pressure motors 18, and oil hydraulic motor 18 connects transmission epicyclic gearbox 17, and symmetrical differential mechanism 7A directly connects transmission epicyclic gearbox 17 simultaneously; One end of the axis 38 of epicyclic gearbox 17 puts in the speed reducer 20 and fastening suit first reduction gear 37 in the above, suit second reduction gear 26, fastening suit magnetic clutch 36 on the speed reducer 20 interior output shafts 25, transmission, endoporus junction plane that the plane junction plane of magnetic clutch 36 connects second reduction gear 26 connect transmission output shaft 25, in operator cabin 1, be provided with electromagnetic switching clutch 9, the first reduction gear 37 engagement driving second reduction gear 26 of control magnetic clutch 36 separate or merge; Output shaft 25 stretches out the speed reducer 20 outer the other ends and connects transmission rear propeller shaft 19B, and rear propeller shaft 19B connects transmission ransaxle 21; In operator cabin 1, be provided with motor hand throttle device 10 and accelerator pedal 11, also be provided with the volume adjustable hydraulic pump foot treadle 12 of the controlled variable oil hydraulic pump 5 that links with accelerator pedal 11, the middling speed position of the corresponding accelerator pedal 11 of the zero position of volume adjustable hydraulic pump foot treadle 12 connects.
Speed changer described in the present embodiment 3 can travel the power of motor 2 from two lines transmission powered vehicle respectively, speed changer 3 can be with power order transmission front propeller shaft 19A, output shaft 25, rear propeller shaft 19B, the ransaxle 21 rotating drive vehicle driving of motor 2.Another drive path is: operation transmission 3 is hung neutral, the transmission joint of throwing off speed changer 3 and front propeller shaft 19A, handle electromagnetic switching clutch 9 and make magnetic clutch 36 combinations, handle the transmission joint that power take-off engaging and disengaging gear handle 8 makes speed changer 3 and power take-off 13; Speed changer 3 with the axle of the power of motor 2 order transmission power take-off 13, transmission shaft 14, bearing bracket assembly 15, belt pulley 16 ', vee belt, belt pulley 6, symmetrical differential mechanism 7A, volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5, hydraulic pipe line 28, oil hydraulic motor 18, epicyclic gearbox 17, symmetry differential mechanism 7A directly connects transmission epicyclic gearbox 17 simultaneously, epicyclic gearbox 17 order transmission speed reduceres 20, rear propeller shaft 19B rotate, and rear propeller shaft 19B transmission ransaxle 21 powered vehicle are travelled.
When second embodiment is adapted as special purpose vehicle, belt pulley 16 ' divide the two-way output motor power that 2 transmissions are come by the vee belt, one the tunnel drives with car apparatus for work construction operation in mechanically operated mode, and another road connects transmission and is fixed in belt pulley 6 on the symmetrical differential mechanism 7A shell 22 and rotates and drive symmetric differences speed device 7A and rotate.
The operating process that present embodiment is applied on the automobile is: when powered vehicle is travelled, handling power take-off operating grip 8 makes power take-off 13 connect the transmission of speed changer 3, handling electromagnetic switching clutch 9 makes magnetic clutch 36 connect the transmission of second reduction gear 26 and output shaft 25, operation transmission 3 hangs over neutral position, and speed changer 3 has just been thrown off the transmission joint to front propeller shaft 19A; Pilot engine 2, handling hand throttle device 10 makes motor 2 rotate in middling speed, motor 2 order transmission gear shift devices 3, power take-off 13, transmission shaft 14, bearing bracket assembly 15 ' axle, belt pulley 16 ' rotation, belt pulley 16 ' be fixed in belt pulley 6 on the symmetrical differential mechanism 7A shell 22 by the vee belt transmission to rotate and drive symmetric differences speed device 7A and rotate, symmetry differential mechanism 7A drives cross planet pin 31 and rotates, cross planet pin 31 interlock planetary pinions 30 rotate planetary pinion 30 transmissions first differential gear 29, first semiaxis 27 and second differential gear 32, second semiaxis, 23 differentials rotate; First semiaxis, 27 transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pumps 5 rotate, volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 rotates by hydraulic pipe line 28 output hydraulic oil transmission fluid pressure motors 18, oil hydraulic motor 18 transmission hydraulic pressure transmission shafts 35, gear 34 rotate, the external tooth of gear 34 engagement driving central gears 24 rotates central gear 24, and the internal tooth engagement driving planetary pinion 40 of central gear 24 rotates; Second semiaxis 23 drives pivoted arm 33 and rotates, and pivoted arm 33 interlock planetary pinions 40 rotate; Symmetry differential mechanism 7A distributes transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 and epicyclic gearbox 17 with the total output of motor 2 transmissions, and mechanical output stream and the hydraulic power stream that the planetary pinion 40 of epicyclic gearbox 17 is come pivoted arm 33, central gear 24 transmissions converges back transmission sun gear 39, axis 38 rotates; Axis 38 drives first reduction gear 37 of speed reducer 20 and rotates, first reduction gear, 37 engagement driving, second reduction gear 26 is rotated, second reduction gear 26 drives output shaft 25 rotations by the connection of magnetic clutch 36, output shaft 25 transmission rear propeller shaft 19B, ransaxle 21 rotate, and ransaxle 21 powered vehicle are travelled.Step on accelerator pedal 11 and cross the signal that middling speed position interlock volume adjustable hydraulic pump foot treadle 12 sends controlled variable oil hydraulic pump 5, vehicle travels with the mode stepless change of the compound transmission of machinery-hydraulic pressure.
The vehicle of present embodiment repacking can switch to mechanical transmission from the compound transmission of machinery-hydraulic pressure easily.Handle hand throttle device 10 and return zero-bit, manipulation electromagnetic switching clutch 9 separation magnetic clutchs 36 make the transmission joint of 26 disengagements of second reduction gear and output shaft 25, handle the transmission joint that power take-off operating grip 8 makes speed changer 3 disengagements and power take-off 13; Pilot engine 2 and operation transmission 3 put into gear, motor 2 order transmission gear shift devices 3, front propeller shaft 19A, output shaft 25, rear propeller shaft 19B, ransaxle 21 rotate, ransaxle 21 powered vehicle are travelled.
During present embodiment repacking special purpose vehicle, vehicle under the state that the compound drive stepless speed changing of machinery-hydraulic pressure travels, belt pulley 16 ' export more stable dynamic power machine transmission simultaneously with car apparatus for work construction operation.
When present embodiment differential mechanism 7 adopted asymmetric differential mechanism 7B, the ratio that drives the mechanical output stream contrasting fluid voltage power stream that travels in the compound transmission of machinery-hydraulic pressure correspondingly increased, and transmission efficiency further improves; When using asymmetric differential mechanism 7B on heavy truck, vehicle bumpy highway section stepless change is travelled in the mining area stability, travelling comfort are further improved.
According to the needs of vehicle space position and power transmission direction, speed reducer 20 can be set to three grades or multistage transmission.The magnetic clutch 36 of speed reducer 20 can be electronic type, mechanical type or mechanical hydraulic-pressure type design.Connect epicyclic gearbox 17 and can after the centre cuts off, connect, to adapt to the vehicle driving vibration with transmission shaft and universal joint with the axis 38 of speed reducer 20.Be installed in the another side that belt pulley on symmetrical differential mechanism 7A or the asymmetric differential mechanism 7B can be fixed in shell; First differential gear 29 ' and second differential gear 32 ' mounting point can be exchanged, to adapt to the different needs of different repacking vehicles to transmission efficiency and riding stability.Above structure is all in this case protection domain.
First embodiment and second embodiment's joining method is different, and principle is identical, and effect is equal to, and can be applied to different refitted car schemes.Machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism of the present invention can also be applied in products such as engineering machinery, large tractor, military vehicle.
The 3rd embodiment
Machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism of the present invention can also be applied in the transmission system of continuous devices such as various main equipments and conveyor, is described in detail as follows below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 3:
Motor 2 is installed in transmission symmetric difference speed device 7A on the base of equipment, and symmetrical differential mechanism 7A connects volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 and epicyclic gearbox 17 simultaneously and the total output of motor 2 transmissions is distributed transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 and epicyclic gearbox 17; Volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 connects transmission fluid pressure motor 18 by hydraulic pipe line 28, oil hydraulic motor 18 connects transmission epicyclic gearbox 17, and epicyclic gearbox 17 converges the mechanical output stream of symmetrical differential mechanism 7A transmission and the hydraulic power stream back transmission work machine work of oil hydraulic motor 18 transmissions; First semiaxis 27 of symmetry differential mechanism 7A connection transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 tightens the brake disc of suit disk type braker 41, and the brake-caliper support of disk type braker 41 is fixedly mounted on the plant bottom case.
The operating process of present embodiment is described as follows:
Motor 2 across-the-line starting under the state that connects the working machine load by mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism, actuation variable oil hydraulic pump 5 owing to symmetrical differential mechanism 7A during starting dallies, working machine is not worked, pilot engine 2 to working speed, the swash plate of performance variable oil hydraulic pump 5 slowly changes the inclination angle and begins to export hydraulic oil transmission fluid pressure motor 18 to epicyclic gearbox 17 output hydraulic powers again, symmetry differential mechanism 7A effect begins simultaneously to epicyclic gearbox 17 input mechanical outputs, epicyclic gearbox 17 begins the working machine rotation of starting equipment and improves the working machine rotating speed lentamente after converging hydraulic power stream and mechanical output stream, the equipment starting has steadily reduced the impact of equipment starting duty resisting moment.
Present embodiment does not then need to select for use because overcoming the resisting moment of the machine generation that starts to work the motor configurations of excessive power capacity when replacing motor 2 with motor, starting process does not have to produce very big cranking current pulse power devices network, does not need to install clutch between motor and the working machine yet.
Use the equipment of present embodiment mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism, the mode that can reach by the flow of handling Moderator Variable oil hydraulic pump 5 with stepless time adjustment obtains from zero to any rotating speed the maximum speed, speed-regulating range width, hydraulic power stream flows smaller or equal to mechanical output in the total output of stepless time adjustment transmission, transmission efficiency is stable, the transmission efficiency height.When the equipment maximum speed turns round, 41 brakings of operation-plate type break, equipment is switched to mechanical transmission, and the equipment transmission efficiency further improves.
Present embodiment machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism can also compoundly be applied in the transmission system of various main equipments and continuous device, Fig. 7 is the transmission schematic representation of the compound mounting structure of present embodiment machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism, is described in detail as follows below in conjunction with Fig. 7:
The motor 2 that is installed on the plant bottom case connects the compound differential mechanism 7F of transmission by first power gear 43, second power gear 44, the compound shell 22 of compound differential mechanism 7F drives cross compound planet gear axle 31F and rotates four compound planet gear 30F rotations of interlock, and compound first differential gear 29F of engagement driving and the compound second differential gear 32F differential rotate four compound planet gear 30F simultaneously respectively; The compound second differential gear 32F drives the compound swivel arm 33F rotation that the compound second semiaxis 23F rotates interlock compound planet gear case 17F, and two compound planet gear 40F that compound swivel arm 33F interlock is sleeved on two output shafts rotate; The compound first differential gear 29F drives first transition gear, 45 engagement in rotation transmissions, second transition gear 46 by the compound first semiaxis 27F and rotates drive symmetric difference speed device 7A rotation, the shell 22 of symmetry differential mechanism 7A drives cross planet pin 31 and rotates 30 rotations of four planetary pinions of interlock, and engagement driving first differential gear 29 and second differential gear, 32 differentials rotate four planetary pinions 30 simultaneously respectively; Second differential gear 32 puts in two planetary pinions 40 that the 33 rotation interlocks of drive pivoted arm are sleeved on two output shafts in the epicyclic gearbox 17 by second semiaxis 23 and rotates; First differential gear 29 drives first semiaxis 27 and rotates transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5, and volume adjustable hydraulic pump 5 is by hydraulic pipe line 28 transmission fluid pressure motors 18, and oil hydraulic motor 18 transmission hydraulic pressure transmission shafts 35 rotate the gear 34 that drives epicyclic gearbox 17 and rotate; The external tooth of gear 34 engagement driving central gears 24 makes central gear 24 rotate the internal tooth engagement driving planetary pinion 40 of central gear 24; Planetary pinion 40 converges the mechanical output stream of symmetrical differential mechanism 7A transmission and the hydraulic power stream engagement driving sun gear 39 of oil hydraulic motor 18 transmissions, sun gear 39 drives axis 38 rotations and drives compound gear 34F rotation in proper order, the external tooth of compound gear 34F engagement driving complex center wheel 24F rotates complex center wheel 24F, the internal tooth engagement driving compound planet gear 40F of complex center wheel 24F; Compound planet gear 40F converges the internal tooth engagement driving of complex center wheel 24F and the compound sun gear 39F of power engagement driving that compound swivel arm 33F rotates transmission, and compound sun gear 39F drives compound axis 38F and rotates output power transmission work machine operation.The rotation of first semiaxis 27 can be braked or loosen to disk type braker 41.
Compound installation machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism embodiment's operating process is as follows:
Motor 2 connects across-the-line starting under the working machine load condition at the machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism by compound installation, the compound differential mechanism 7F of motor 2 transmissions, symmetrical differential mechanism 7A rotate, 5 idle running of symmetry differential mechanism 7A transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump, the compound second differential gear 32F, second differential gear 32 do not rotate not output power, and equipment has realized that motor 2 connects working machine load starting under no load; Motor 2 is increased to working speed, manipulated variable oil hydraulic pump 5 changes swashplate angle lentamente and begins to export 18 rotations of hydraulic oil transmission fluid pressure motor, to epicyclic gearbox 17 input hydraulic pressure power, symmetrical differential mechanism 7A effect is imported mechanical outputs by second differential gear 32, second semiaxis 23 to epicyclic gearbox 17 down to oil hydraulic motor 18 simultaneously by hydraulic transmission axle 35; The planetary pinion 40 of epicyclic gearbox 17 has converged second semiaxis 23, hydraulic transmission axle 35 engagement driving sun gear 39 behind the mechanical output of epicyclic gearbox 17 input and hydraulic power rotates and drives axis 38 and rotate to compound planet gear case 17F input power, compound differential mechanism 7F effect is down simultaneously by the compound second differential gear 32F, the compound second semiaxis 23F is to compound planet gear case 17F input power, and the compound planet gear 40F of compound planet gear case 17F has converged the compound second semiaxis 23F, engagement driving sun gear 39F rotates the working machine slow start that drives compound axis 38 rotation transmission device and improves rotating speed gradually behind the power that axis 38 is imported respectively.
The compound installation machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism of present embodiment is when replacing motor 2 with motor, present embodiment equipment can be under the state that connects the working machine load starting under no load motor at first, machine then lentamente starts to work, reduced cranking current pulse power devices network, the configuration of equipment motor does not need excessive electric motor power; By the flow of handling Moderator Variable oil hydraulic pump 5 working machine is obtained from zero to any rotating speed the maximum speed; In 41 brakings of working machine maximum speed state lower-pilot disk type braker, can make device translates is mechanical transmission; Behind compound planet gear case 17F, connect speed changer and operation transmission conversion velocity ratio again 41 brakings of operation-plate type break can obtain the output speed effect of the high transmission efficiency of multiple spot constant speed mechanical transmission.Machinery-the hydraulic composite transmission mechanism of the compound installation of present embodiment has multiple connection kind of drive combination, and the transmission efficiency height has reduced energy consumption, has reduced the investment of hydraulic transmission equipment in the composite driving mechanism.
Fig. 8 is the transmission schematic representation of machinery of the present invention-fluid power composite driving mechanism, as shown in Figure 8:
Power engine 47 connects transmission symmetry differential mechanism 7A by first power gear 43, second power gear 44, symmetry differential mechanism 7A connects transmission hydrodynamic unit 48 and epicyclic gearbox 17 simultaneously, and hydrodynamic unit 48 connects transmission epicyclic gearbox 17 by the first fluid power gear 49, the second fluid power gear 50, hydraudynamic drive axle 51; Symmetry differential mechanism 7A distributes transmission hydrodynamic unit 48 and epicyclic gearbox 17 with the total output of power engine 47 transmissions, epicyclic gearbox 17 with hydrodynamic unit 48 and symmetrical differential mechanism 7A respectively the power of transmission converge the back by axis 38 output transmission working machine operations; Connect cross planet pin 31 in the symmetry differential mechanism 7A shell 22, engagement driving first differential gear 29, second differential gear, 32 differentials rotate simultaneously respectively to be set with 30, four planetary pinions of four planetary pinions 30 on four axle journals of cross planet pin 31; One end of first semiaxis 27 is installed first differential gear 29, the other end stretches out the shell 22 outer transmission fluid power elements 48 that connect, one end of second semiaxis 23 is installed second differential gear 32, the other end stretches out shell 22 outer putting in again and is installed in the center of pivoted arm 33 in the epicyclic gearbox 17 and connects transmission, is set with a planetary pinion 40 on two output shaft necks of pivoted arm 33; Hydrodynamic unit 48 orders connect the transmission first fluid power gear 49, the second fluid power gear 50 and hydraudynamic drive axle 51, hydraudynamic drive axle 51 puts on the end in the epicyclic gearbox 17 gear 34 is installed, the external tooth of gear 34 engagement driving central gears 24, the internal tooth engagement driving planetary pinion 40 of central gear 24; Planetary pinion 40 converges that pivoted arm 33 rotates, engagement driving sun gear 39 behind the power of central gear 24 internal tooth engagement driving, and an end of axis 38 is installed sun gear 39, the other end passes the working machine operation that central gear 24 stretches out epicyclic gearbox 17 outer driving arrangements.
Hydrodynamic unit 48 in machinery of the present invention-fluid power composite driving mechanism can be a fluid coupling, also can be fluid torque converter, and power engine 47 can be motor or motor.
The power engine 47 of this machinery-fluid power composite driving mechanism is motor, when hydrodynamic unit 48 is fluid coupling, equipment can be with working machine load starting under no load.The first step starting motor of equipment starting, drive the pump impeller rotation of fluid coupling by effect first semiaxis 27 of symmetrical differential mechanism 7A, the turbine of fluid coupling does not rotate, the output of fluid coupling inactivity, second differential gear 32, second semiaxis 23 of symmetry differential mechanism 7A do not rotate, and working machine does not rotate; Second of equipment starting goes on foot the machine that starts to work, control electromagnetic valve makes fluid coupling topping up gradually, increase along with filling amount, pump impeller strengthens gradually to the moment of turbine transmission, the turbine of fluid coupling begins to rotate and pass through to connect the first fluid power gear 49 of transmission under the hydraulic shock that pump impeller promotes, the second fluid power gear 50, the planetary pinion 40 that hydraudynamic drive axle 51 drives to epicyclic gearbox 17 rotates, second differential gear 32 under the effect of symmetrical differential mechanism 7A, two planetary pinions 40 that second semiaxis 23 begins to rotate and be sleeved on two output shafts by pivoted arm 33 interlocks simultaneously rotate, planetary pinion 40 converged symmetrical differential mechanism 7A and fluid coupling respectively behind the power of transmission engagement driving sun gear 39 rotate and drive axis 38 and rotate, the steadily starting mildly and progressively accelerate to the declared working condition rotating speed of axis 38 transmission working machines; The speed governing operating mode of equipment: utilize control valve to regulate the filling amount of fluid coupling active chamber, the slip that can the step-less adjustment fluid coupling and the rotating speed of working machine; Fluid coupling can be variable speed fluid coupling or load limiting type of constant filling fluid coupling.
This machinery-fluid power composite driving mechanism application examples had both embodied fluid coupling and had been applied in advantage in the big inertia devices transmission system, also embodied the fluid coupling configuration that only needs original half electric motor power of technological scheme, reduced equipment investment, and the mechanical drive branch in the compound transmission does not have speed discrepancy, the transmission efficiency height has further reduced energy consumption.Use the big inertia devices or the conveyor class continuous device energy starting under no load of the compound drive technology of present embodiment machinery-fluid power; reduced the impact of starting current to the power devices network; do not need to dispose jumbo motor; limited square overload protection of driving mechanism and speed-regulating function; energy-saving effect is remarkable, has to slow down to impact and isolation torsional oscillation function.The technical program also composite is installed, and also can replace symmetrical differential mechanism 7A with asymmetric differential mechanism 7B, and transmission efficiency further improves, and the configuration of fluid coupling further reduces capacity, reduces investment.Transmission efficiency can obviously descend when the variable speed fluid coupling speed-regulating range width, is connected in series speed changer behind this composite driving mechanism, and operation transmission conversion velocity ratio can obtain the high efficiency speed adjustable range of multistage; Install blocking device additional in fluid coupling inside or outside, can when the fluid coupling rated speed turns round, obtain mechanically operated high transmission efficiency by handling; Perhaps suit disk type braker 41 on first semiaxis 27 of symmetrical differential mechanism 7A, 41 brakings of operation-plate type break can make equipment switch to mechanical transmission in operation process, have the characteristic of hydraudynamic drive when making equipment obtain starting, have the characteristic of the high transmission efficiency of mechanical transmission during running.
In this machinery-fluid power composite driving mechanism, power engine 47 is motors, hydrodynamic unit 48 is that fluid torque converter is when being applied in the transmission system of engineering machinery or truck, vehicle can the bringing onto load starting under no load, fluid torque converter does not need the excessive power configuration, driving mechanism can increase output torque automatically and reduce output speed when car load increases, can avoid engine misses, vehicle can travel in stepless change, and simplification speed changer structure, alleviate driver labor intensity, prolong motor, speed changer, the working life of ransaxle, vehicle or engineering machinery starting are steady, at mire, the passing capacity that quagmire travels is strong, drives to have travelling comfort, the transmission efficiency height of mechanical drive branch, the transmission efficiency height of the compound velocity ratio hydraudynamic drive of machinery-fluid power; Can in the wide range speed scope, obtain the transmission effect of the high efficiency stepless speed regulation of multistage at epicyclic gearbox 17 back serial connection speed changers; On fluid torque converter, install locking clutch additional, can tightly make the compound transmission of machinery-fluid power be converted to mechanical transmission by handling the locking clutch lock, improve transmission efficiency and Vehicle Speed, perhaps suit disk type braker 41 on first semiaxis 27 of symmetrical differential mechanism 7A, by operation-plate type break 41 braking or loosen and can make vehicle in the process of moving from switching mutually between mechanical transmission and the compound transmission of machinery-fluid power, same vehicle has two kinds of drive characteristics of the different road conditions of adaptation, different operating modes simultaneously.
Epicyclic gearbox 17 in machinery of the present invention-fluid power composite driving mechanism has the method for multiple internal structure design and multiple external connection transmission, also can be that the end that second semiaxis 23 puts in the epicyclic gearbox 17 is installed sun gear 39, pivoted arm 33 connects axis 38 and passes epicyclic gearbox 17 output powers; Export after having the planetary pinion box structure of multiple design can converge two transfer motion powers.
According to actual needs, motor of the present invention, motor or steam engine can be replaced mutually.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technological scheme of the present invention to be described; although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment; those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; can make amendment or be equal to replacement technological scheme of the present invention; and do not break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, all in protection domain of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism, comprise motor (2), differential mechanism (7), volume adjustable hydraulic pump (5), hydraulic pipe line (28), oil hydraulic motor (18) and epicyclic gearbox (17), it is characterized in that: described motor (2) order connects transmission differential mechanism (7), volume adjustable hydraulic pump (5), hydraulic pipe line (28), oil hydraulic motor (18) and epicyclic gearbox (17), and described differential mechanism (7) directly connects transmission epicyclic gearbox (17) simultaneously; Described differential mechanism (7) distributes transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump (5) and epicyclic gearbox (17) with the total output of motor (2) input, and described epicyclic gearbox (17) converges differential mechanism (7) and distributes the mechanical output stream of transmission and the hydraulic power stream back output of oil hydraulic motor (18) transmission.
2. mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise the operator cabin (1) that is installed on the vehicle frame (4), be provided with motor hand throttle device (10) and accelerator pedal (11) in the operator cabin (1), also be provided with the volume adjustable hydraulic pump foot treadle (12) of the controlled variable oil hydraulic pump (5) that links with accelerator pedal (11), the corresponding middling speed position that connects accelerator pedal (11) of the zero position of volume adjustable hydraulic pump foot treadle (12).
3. mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described differential mechanism (7) is a symmetrical differential mechanism (7A), the shell (22) of described symmetrical differential mechanism (7A) is gone up affixed belt pulley (6), connect cross planet pin (31) in the described shell (22), four planetary pinions (30) are set on four axle journals of cross planet pin (31) and engagement driving first differential gear (29) and second differential gear (32) simultaneously respectively; First semiaxis (27) passes the end that belt pulley (6) puts in the shell (22) first differential gear (29) is installed, the other end of first semiaxis (27) connects transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump (5), and the part of the total output of motor (2) transmission connects transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump (5) by described first semiaxis (27); The end that second semiaxis (23) puts in the shell (22) is installed second differential gear (32), the other end of second semiaxis (23) puts in and is installed in the center of pivoted arm (33) in the epicyclic gearbox (17) and connects transmission, and another part of the total output of motor (2) transmission rotates by the pivoted arm (33) that described second semiaxis (23) connects transmission epicyclic gearbox (17).
4. machinery-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described differential mechanism (7) is an asymmetric differential mechanism (7B), the shell (22 ') of described asymmetric differential mechanism (7B) is gone up affixed belt pulley (6 '), second semiaxis (23) passes belt pulley (6 ') and puts in second differential gear (32 ') that the interior end of shell (22 ') is equipped with internal tooth, and the end that first semiaxis (27) pierces in the shell (22 ') is installed first differential gear (29 '); On the uniform one side that is installed in the shell (22 ') of two or three or four planet pins (31 ') and parallel with second semiaxis (23) with described first semiaxis (27), be set with a planetary pinion (30 ') on the every planet pin (31 '), every planetary pinion (30 ') all simultaneously with the internal tooth engagement driving of the external tooth and second differential gear (32 ') of first differential gear (29 '); The other end of described first semiaxis (27) connects transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump (5), and the part of the total output of motor (2) transmission connects transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump (5) by described first semiaxis (27); The other end of described second semiaxis (23) stretches into and is installed in the center of pivoted arm (33) in the epicyclic gearbox (17) and connects transmission, and another part of the total output of motor (2) transmission rotates by the pivoted arm (33) that described second semiaxis (23) connects transmission epicyclic gearbox (17).
5. mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described epicyclic gearbox (17) comprise central gear (24), with two planetary pinions (40) of the internal tooth engagement driving of described central gear (24), with the sun gear (39) of described two planetary pinions (40) engagement driving; Second semiaxis (23) of described differential mechanism (7) puts in the center that the interior end of epicyclic gearbox (17) is installed in pivoted arm (33), be set with a planetary pinion (40) on two output shaft necks of pivoted arm (33), described differential mechanism (7) is imported mechanical power circuit by second semiaxis (23) to epicyclic gearbox (17); Described volume adjustable hydraulic pump (5) is by hydraulic pipe line (28) output hydraulic oil transmission fluid pressure motor (18), described oil hydraulic motor (18) connects transmission hydraulic pressure transmission shaft (35), hydraulic transmission axle (35) puts on the interior end of epicyclic gearbox (17) gear (34) is installed, the external tooth of gear (34) engagement driving central gear (24), the internal tooth engagement driving planetary pinion (40) of central gear (24), oil hydraulic motor (18) by hydraulic transmission axle (35) to epicyclic gearbox (17) input hydraulic pressure power circuit; Described sun gear (39) is installed on the end of axis (38), planetary pinion (40) is engagement driving sun gear (39) under pivoted arm (33) drives and under the internal tooth engagement driving of central gear (24), the other end of axis (38) passes central gear (24) and stretches out the outer output power of epicyclic gearbox (17), and epicyclic gearbox (17) distributes the mechanical output stream of transmission and the hydraulic power stream of oil hydraulic motor (18) transmission to converge by sun gear (39) and axis (38) output total output differential mechanism (7).
6. mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described motor (2) is installed in the last and connection transmission gear shift device (3) of vehicle frame (4), speed changer (3) connects an end of transmission front propeller shaft (19A), bearing bracket assembly (15) is installed on the vehicle frame (4), on one end of the axle of bearing bracket assembly (15) belt pulley (16) is installed, the other end of described front propeller shaft (19A) connects the other end of the axle of drive bearing seat support assembly (15), described motor (2) is by speed changer (3) and front propeller shaft (19A), the axle of bearing bracket assembly (15) connects transmission pulley (16), and belt pulley (16) rotates and drive differential mechanism (7) rotation by the belt pulley that the vee belt transmission is fixed on described differential mechanism (7) shell; The axis (38) of described epicyclic gearbox (17) connects transmission rear propeller shaft (19B), and rear propeller shaft (19B) connection transmission is installed in the ransaxle (21) on the vehicle frame (4).
7. mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: on first semiaxis (27) of described differential mechanism (7) disk type braker (41) is installed, the brake disc adapter sleeve of disk type braker (41) is contained on first semiaxis (27), the brake-caliper support of disk type braker (41) is fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame (4), is provided with the brake handle (42) of operation-plate type break (41) in the described operator cabin (1).
8. mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described belt pulley (16) is also worked with the car apparatus for work with the mechanical drive mode transmission by the vee belt.
9. mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described motor (2) is installed in the last and connection transmission gear shift device (3) of vehicle frame (4), power take-off (13) is installed on the power take-off interface of speed changer (3), the engaging and disengaging gear that connects transmission with speed changer (3) is arranged in the power take-off (13), in operator cabin (1), be provided with power take-off (13) engaging and disengaging gear operating grip (8); Bearing bracket assembly (15 ') is installed in a side of vehicle frame (4) crossbeam, the transmission of the one end connection power take-off (13) of transmission shaft (14), the other end connect an end of the axle of drive bearing seat support assembly (15 '), belt pulley (16 ') is installed in the other end of the axle of bearing bracket assembly (15 '), and the moving differential mechanism (7) of belt pulley rotating band that belt pulley (16 ') is fixed in by the vee belt transmission on the shell of differential mechanism (7) rotates; Described speed changer (3) also connects an end and the transmission front propeller shaft (19A) of front propeller shaft (19A), and the other end of front propeller shaft (19A) connects the end that the outer output shaft (25) of speed reducer (20) is stretched out in transmission; One end of the axis (38) of described epicyclic gearbox (17) puts in the speed reducer (20) and fastening suit first reduction gear (37), the output shaft (25) of speed reducer (20) is gone up suit second reduction gear (26) and magnetic clutch (36), fastening connection second reduction gear of the plane junction plane of magnetic clutch (36) (26), the fastening connection output shaft of the endoporus junction plane of magnetic clutch (36) (25), in operator cabin (1), be provided with the electromagnetic switching clutch (9) of control magnetic clutch (36), first reduction gear (37) engagement driving second reduction gear (26); Output shaft (25) stretches out the outer the other end of speed reducer (20) and connects transmission rear propeller shaft (19B), and rear propeller shaft (19B) connection transmission is installed in the ransaxle (21) on the vehicle frame (4).
10. mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism according to claim 9 is characterized in that: described belt pulley (16 ') is also worked with the car apparatus for work with the mechanical drive mode transmission by the vee belt.
11, mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described motor (2) is installed in and connects the compound differential mechanism of transmission (7F) on the plant bottom case, compound differential mechanism (7F) connects transmission differential mechanism (7) and compound planet gear case (17F) simultaneously, described epicyclic gearbox (17) connects transmission compound planet gear case (17F), and compound planet gear case (17F) converges output power transmission working machine operation after the transmission of compound differential mechanism (7F) and epicyclic gearbox (17); Described differential mechanism (7) is symmetrical differential mechanism (7A), connect cross planet pin (31) in the shell (22) of described symmetrical differential mechanism (7A), four planetary pinions (30) are set on four axle journals of cross planet pin (31) and engagement driving first differential gear (29) and second shaftgear (32) simultaneously respectively, the end that first semiaxis (27) puts in the shell (22) is installed first differential gear (29), the other end connects transmission volume adjustable hydraulic pump (5), and the end that second semiaxis (23) puts in the shell (22) is installed second differential gear (32), the other end puts in and is installed in the center of pivoted arm (33) in the epicyclic gearbox (17) and connects transmission; Motor (2) output axle head is installed first power gear (43), second power gear (44) is fastening to be installed on the compound shell (22F) of compound differential mechanism (7F), and first power gear (43) engagement driving second power gear (44) is rotated and driven compound differential mechanism (7F) and rotate; Connect cross compound planet gear axle (31F) in the compound shell (22F) of described compound differential mechanism (7F), four compound planet gears (30F) are set on four axle journals of cross compound planet gear axle (31F) and compound first differential gear of engagement driving (29F) and compound second differential gear (32F) simultaneously respectively, the end that compound first semiaxis (27F) puts in the compound shell (22F) is installed compound first differential gear (29F), the other end is installed first transition gear (45), and the end that compound second semiaxis (23F) puts in the compound shell (22F) is installed compound second differential gear (32F), the other end puts in and is installed in the center of compound swivel arm (33F) in the compound planet gear case (17F) and connects transmission; Second transition gear (46) is fastening to be installed on the shell (22) of symmetrical differential mechanism (7A), and first transition gear (45) engagement driving second transition gear (46) rotates and drives symmetric difference speed device (7A) and rotate; The brake disc adapter sleeve of disk type braker (41) is contained on first semiaxis (27), brake-caliper support is fixedly mounted on the plant bottom case; Volume adjustable hydraulic pump (5) connects transmission fluid pressure motor (18) by hydraulic pipe line (28), and oil hydraulic motor (18) connects transmission hydraulic pressure transmission shaft (35), and the end that hydraulic transmission axle (35) puts in the epicyclic gearbox (17) is installed gear (34); The external tooth of gear (34) engagement driving central gear (24), two planetary pinions of the internal tooth engagement driving of central gear (24) (40), two planetary pinions (40) are set on two output shaft necks of pivoted arm (33) and engagement driving sun gear (39) simultaneously, planetary pinion (40) rotates engagement driving sun gear (39) under the interlock at the internal tooth engagement driving and the pivoted arm (33) of central gear (24), and an end of axis (38) is installed sun gear (39), the other end passes central gear (24) and stretches out the outer interior compound gear (34F) of installing of compound planet gear case (17F) that puts in again of epicyclic gearbox (17); The external tooth of compound gear (34F) engagement driving complex center wheel (24F), two compound planet gears of internal tooth engagement driving (40F) of complex center wheel (24F), two compound planet gears (40F) are set on two output shaft necks of compound swivel arm (33F), compound planet gear (40F) rotates the compound sun gear of engagement driving (39F) under the interlock at the internal tooth engagement driving and the compound swivel arm (33F) of complex center wheel (24F), and an end of compound axis (38F) is installed compound sun gear (39F), the other end passes complex center wheel (24F) and passes compound planet gear case (17F) back output power again.
12, a kind of machinery-fluid power composite driving mechanism, it is characterized in that: comprise that power engine (47) order connects first power gear (43) and second power gear (44) of transmission, second power gear (44) is fastening to be installed on the shell (22) of symmetrical differential mechanism (7A), symmetry differential mechanism (7A) connects transmission hydrodynamic unit (48) and epicyclic gearbox (17) simultaneously, and hydrodynamic unit (48) order connects the transmission first fluid power gear (49), the second fluid power gear (50), hydraudynamic drive axle (51) and epicyclic gearbox (17); The total output transmission hydrodynamic unit (48) and the epicyclic gearbox (17) of symmetry differential mechanism (7A) distributed power machine (47) transmission, epicyclic gearbox (17) converge transmission working machine operation behind the power of symmetrical differential mechanism (7A) and hydrodynamic unit (48) transmission.
13, machinery according to claim 12-fluid power composite driving mechanism is characterized in that: described hydrodynamic unit (48) is fluid coupling or fluid torque converter.
14, machinery according to claim 12-fluid power composite driving mechanism, it is characterized in that: connect cross planet pin (31) in the shell (22) of described symmetrical differential mechanism (7A), four planetary pinions (30) are set on four axle journals of cross planet pin (31) and engagement driving first differential gear (29) and second differential gear (32) simultaneously respectively, the end that first semiaxis (27) puts in the shell (22) is installed first differential gear (29), the other end connects transmission hydrodynamic unit (48), and the end that second semiaxis (23) puts in the shell (22) is installed second differential gear (32), the other end puts in and is installed in the center of pivoted arm (33) in the epicyclic gearbox (17) and connects transmission.
15, machinery according to claim 12-fluid power composite driving mechanism, it is characterized in that: the end that described hydraudynamic drive axle (51) puts in the epicyclic gearbox (17) is installed gear (34), the external tooth of gear (34) engagement driving central gear (24), the internal tooth engagement driving planetary pinion (40) of central gear (24), two planetary pinions (40) are set on two output shaft necks of pivoted arm (33), planetary pinion (40) rotates rotation and engagement driving sun gear (39) under the interlock at the internal tooth engagement driving and the pivoted arm (33) of central gear (24), and an end of axis (38) is installed sun gear (39), the other end passes central gear (24) and passes the operation of epicyclic gearbox (17) transmission working machine.
CNA2007101111374A 2007-06-11 2007-06-11 Mechanical-hydraulic pressure compound driving mechanism and mechanical-hydraulic compound transmission mechanism Pending CN101067447A (en)

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CNA2007101111374A CN101067447A (en) 2007-06-11 2007-06-11 Mechanical-hydraulic pressure compound driving mechanism and mechanical-hydraulic compound transmission mechanism
CNA2007101632367A CN101158392A (en) 2007-06-11 2007-10-22 Mechanical-hydraulic composite transmission mechanism
CN2008100939033A CN101413572B (en) 2007-06-11 2008-04-22 Mechanical and hydraulic combined transmission device
PCT/CN2008/070767 WO2008151527A1 (en) 2007-06-11 2008-04-22 Mechanical-hydraulic combined transmission device
US12/417,524 US7998009B2 (en) 2007-06-11 2009-04-02 Mechanical and hydraulic composite transmission device

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CN101900192B (en) * 2010-06-02 2013-06-19 宁波高新协力机电液有限公司 Power dividing energy regenerated hydraulic mechanical stepless gearbox for hybrid electric vehicle
CN102011370A (en) * 2010-12-30 2011-04-13 长沙中联重工科技发展股份有限公司 Single-engine sweeper and working method thereof
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CN102943859A (en) * 2012-11-23 2013-02-27 天津工程机械研究院 Hydraulic mechanical continuously variable transmission for loader
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CN107339392B (en) * 2016-04-28 2022-02-11 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Transmission assembly, travel drive and method for controlling the transmission assembly
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CN106870680A (en) * 2017-03-16 2017-06-20 江苏大学 A kind of planetary speed regulating device of use fluid coupling
CN110056626A (en) * 2019-05-05 2019-07-26 陆永翠 Hybrid power gearbox for motor vehicles
CN110056626B (en) * 2019-05-05 2020-12-04 陆海燕 Hybrid gearbox for a motor vehicle
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