CN101060296A - A solar energy generating system with the sun-facing and tracing functions - Google Patents

A solar energy generating system with the sun-facing and tracing functions Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101060296A
CN101060296A CNA200610072293XA CN200610072293A CN101060296A CN 101060296 A CN101060296 A CN 101060296A CN A200610072293X A CNA200610072293X A CN A200610072293XA CN 200610072293 A CN200610072293 A CN 200610072293A CN 101060296 A CN101060296 A CN 101060296A
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comparator
output
driver element
solar
sun
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CNA200610072293XA
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肖坚
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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Abstract

The disclosed solar electrical generating system comprises: a solar energy battery plate; a storage battery pack; a controller for solar charging; and a sun-track device including a rotation unit fixing the solar battery plate, a drive unit, a gear unit to connect last two units, and a control unit including two photoelectric sensors and two comparators and two drive units and two executive units. This invention can automatic track the maximal sun illumination intensity, makes full use of solar energy, reduces cost and investment, and fit to spread.

Description

A kind of solar power system with sun-facing and tracing functions
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar power system, relate more specifically to a kind of solar power system of sun-facing and tracing functions automatically, belong to the generating equipment technical field.
Background technology
Along with The development in society and economy, the demand of the energy is growing, and also more and more supply falls short of demand for conventional energy resources such as coal, oil, natural gas, and therefore tapping a new source of energy is the inexorable trend of the world today.Solar energy is as a kind of new forms of energy, and it can be inexhausted in the foreseeable time, and do not have atmosphere and radioactive contamination, has been subjected to extensive concern both domestic and external.It is technology such as heat energy, mechanical energy, electric energy, chemical energy that present solar utilization technique mainly contains solar energy converting, wherein solar energy-thermal power transfer history is the most remote, exploitation is the most general, and its applied solar energy water heater has also obtained using comparatively widely in people's life; Yet utilize the solar power system of solar-electrical energy really only to be applied at some industrial circles, military field or aerospace field, do not obtain popularizing and promote, the one-time investment that this wherein main problem is a solar power system is bigger, and wherein the price of solar panel is occupied bigger proportion in whole system, thereby how to reduce the price of solar panel in the whole system and become the key that reduces the solar power system cost price.
In the prior art, solar power system belongs to dull and stereotyped fixed silicon wafer photovoltaic generation equipment substantially, though can be placed in roof and metope comparatively easily, yet but there is a problem in it: because the rotation that the earth does not stop, one day Middle East Sheng Xi of the sun falls, the position constantly changes, thereby for the fixed silicon wafer photovoltaic generation of flat board equipment, in fact has only very short time sunlight direct projection every day to solar panel.Scientific research shows, this mode has influenced the electricity conversion of solar cell, make that every day, effective generating efficiency had only 4~6%, wasted 30~50% sunlight, and just need to increase the area of solar panel for the generated output that guarantees solar panel, this makes the cost of solar power system increase, and thisly obviously can not be accepted by the consumer with the method for sacrificing into original assurance generated output.
Summary of the invention
The present invention promptly is a kind of solar power system with sun-facing and tracing functions that proposes at the shortcoming that exists in the above-mentioned prior art, solar panel can automatic sun-tracking illumination point of maximum intensity in this system, improve the service efficiency of solar panel, reduce the cost of solar power system.
The present invention realizes by following technical proposals:
A kind of solar power system with sun-facing and tracing functions, comprise solar panel, batteries, solar charging controller, wherein solar panel receives sunlight, with transform light energy is electric energy, power to batteries by solar charging controller then, the batteries storage of electrical energy is powered to external loading.In addition, this system also comprises: to the day tracking means, described to day tracking means comprise: rotary unit, driver element, gear unit and control unit, described solar panel is arranged on the rotary unit, described rotary unit is connected with driver element by gear unit, described control unit is included in first photoelectric sensor that axial symmetry is provided with on the solar panel, second photoelectric sensor, first comparator, second comparator, first driver element, second driver element, first performance element and second performance element that continues, the output of described first photoelectric sensor is connected with the normal phase input end of first comparator and the inverting input of second comparator, the second photoelectric sensor output is connected with the inverting input of first comparator and the normal phase input end of second comparator, described first comparator, the output of second comparator respectively with first driver element, the input control end of second driver element connects, described first driver element, the output of second driver element respectively with first performance element, second control end that continues performance element connects, described first performance element, second output that continues performance element is connected with the input of driver element, and opposite corresponding to the input polarity of driver element.
Further, described solar panel whirligig comprises support component, coaxial pair of circle rotating disk, described solar panel is arranged on the support component, the inner ring of described coaxial pair of circle rotating disk and outer ring can produce relative rotation, and described support component is fixed on the inner ring of described coaxial pair of circle rotating disk.
Further, described driver element is direct current machine at a slow speed.
Further, described gear unit comprises power transmission shaft and shaft coupling, and described shaft coupling connects the output shaft of described power transmission shaft and described driver element, and described power transmission shaft is connected with the solar panel whirligig.
Further, described first driver element is the first transistor drive circuit, first performance element is first double-contact relay, the base stage of described the first transistor is connected with the output of first comparing unit, collector electrode is connected with the first double-contact relay coil, one end, this another termination high level of first double-contact relay coil, emitter is by a diode ground connection; Described second driver element is the transistor seconds drive circuit, second performance element is second double-contact relay, described transistorized base stage is connected with the output of second comparing unit, collector electrode is connected with the second double-contact relay coil, one end, this another termination high level of second double-contact relay coil, emitter is by a diode ground connection.
Further, described control unit comprises that also two inverting inputs all have the 3rd comparator and the 4th comparator of threshold voltage, the normal phase input end of described the 3rd comparator is connected with the output of first comparator, and the output of described the 3rd comparator is connected with the input control end of first driver element; The normal phase input end of described the 4th comparator is connected with the output of second comparator, and the output of described the 4th comparator is connected with the input control end of second driver element.
Further, described threshold voltage is that mode by electric resistance partial pressure obtains.
Further, the output of described first comparator is provided with the first time delay link, and the output of described second comparator is provided with the second time delay link.
Further, the described first time delay link is the delay circuit that first resistance and first capacitances in series are formed, and is provided with first backward diode between the output of described first resistance and first comparator; The described second time delay link is the delay circuit that second resistance and second capacitances in series are formed, and is provided with second backward diode between the output of described second resistance and second comparator.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following remarkable advantage:
(1) simple in structure, made full use of this free of contamination clean energy resource of solar energy;
(2) solar panel can improve the transformation efficiency of solar cell from the maximum solar irradiation intensity of motion tracking in this system;
(3) reduce the cost of investment of solar power system effectively, be suitable for utilization and extention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit system schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams to the day tracking means of the specific embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is further introduced, but not as a limitation of the invention.
With reference to shown in Figure 1, a kind of power supply the principle figure of system with solar power system of sun-facing and tracing functions, this schematic diagram has illustrated how to utilize solar energy to power to external loading, as can be seen from Figure 1, solar power system comprises solar panel 1, batteries 2, solar charging controller 3, wherein solar panel 1 receives sunlight, is electric energy by photovoltaic effect with transform light energy, power to batteries 2 by solar charging controller 3 then, batteries 2 storage of electrical energy are powered to external loading in needs.What any was described is: when external loading was powered, if DC load, and the supply power voltage of load equated with the output voltage of batteries, can directly utilize the electric of exporting to of batteries in batteries; If DC load, but the output voltage of the supply power voltage of load and batteries do not wait, and the output of batteries can be by powering load after the one-level DC/DC conversion; If AC load, the output of batteries is by inverter conversion back powering load.
In order to improve the generating efficiency of solar panel effectively, the present invention adopts to the day tracking means, make solar panel be fixedly installed on the day tracking means, along with to day tracking means motion, so that solar panel can access maximum intensity of illumination all the time.With reference to shown in Figure 2, in this system must to day tracking means structural representation as shown in Figure 2, to day tracking means comprise support component 11, coaxial pair of circle rotating disk 12, power transmission shaft 13, direct current machine 14 at a slow speed, and will be at a slow speed the shaft coupling 15 that is connected with power transmission shaft 13 of direct current machine 14 output shafts, the inner ring and the outer ring of wherein coaxial pair of circle rotating disk 12 can produce relative rotation, the outer ring of direct current machine 14 and coaxial pair of circle rotating disk 12 is fixed on the base 16 at a slow speed, solar panel 1 is installed on the support component 11, utilize the supporting role solar panel 1 of support component 11 angled with horizontal plane, this angle is highly relevant with the irradiation of the sun, also promptly work as solar panel 1 towards the solar time, this angle just in time satisfies the sunlight vertical irradiation on solar panel 1, support component 11 can be a plurality of unit constructions, only identified among Fig. 2 and power transmission shaft 13 coupling parts, support component 11 is installed on the inner ring of coaxial pair of circle rotating disk 12, the output shaft of direct current machine 14 is connected with power transmission shaft 13 by shaft coupling 15 at a slow speed, the other end of power transmission shaft 13 is connected with support component 11, and it can be rotated with the rotation of power transmission shaft 13.With reference to shown in Figure 3, be control circuit schematic diagram to the day tracking means, at first axial symmetric position is provided with first photoelectric sensors A and the second photoelectric sensor B on solar panel 1, and the output signal of first photoelectric sensors A and the second photoelectric sensor B is respectively as the input of the first comparator U1 and the second comparator U2, but it is opposite with being connected of the in-phase input end of the first comparator U1 and the second comparator U2 and inverting input, also promptly: first photoelectric sensors A is connected with the in-phase input end of the first comparator U1 and the inverting input of the second comparator U2, the second photoelectric sensor B is connected with the inverting input of the first comparator U1 and the in-phase input end of the second comparator U2, the output of the first comparator U1 is by first resistance R 1, the 3rd resistance R 3 links to each other with the 3rd comparator U3 in-phase input end, and the other end of first resistance R 1 is connected with the output of the first comparator U1 by the first diode D1 simultaneously by first capacitor C, 1 ground connection; The second comparator U2 links to each other by the in-phase input end of second resistance R 2, the 4th resistance R 4 and the 4th comparator U4, and the other end of second resistance R 2 is connected with the output of the second comparator U2 by the second diode D2 simultaneously by second capacitor C, 2 ground connection; The inverting input of the 3rd comparator U3 and the 4th comparator U4 all is connected with a threshold voltage, and threshold voltage obtains by the mode of electric resistance partial pressure in the present embodiment; The output of the 3rd comparator U3 is connected with the base stage of the first transistor Q1 by a resistance, the output of the 4th comparator U4 also is connected with the base stage of transistor seconds Q2 by a resistance, the collector electrode of the first transistor Q1 and transistor seconds Q2 is connected with coil one end of the first relay D1 and the second relay D2 respectively, another termination high potential power of the coil of the first relay D1 and the second relay D2, the emitter of the first transistor Q1 and transistor seconds Q2 are respectively by a diode ground connection; Two groups of normally opened contacts of the first relay R Z1 are connected with ground with high level respectively, two groups of normally-closed contacts are connected with the input of direct current machine 14 at a slow speed respectively, two groups of normally opened contacts of the second relay R Z2 are connected with ground with high level respectively, two groups of normally-closed contacts are connected with the input of direct current machine 14 at a slow speed respectively, but corresponding to direct current machine 14 at a slow speed, when the first relay R Z1 and the second relay R Z2 powered to it, positive-negative polarity closure was just in time opposite.
In actual use, if the sunlight that shines on the solar panel is not direct projection, then to be mapped to first photoelectric sensors A different with intensity of illumination on the second photoelectric sensor B for solar irradiation, thereby first photoelectric sensors A is different with the output voltage of the second photoelectric sensor B, it is different with the current potential of the second comparator U2 in-phase input end and inverting input then to import the first comparator U1, thereby controls the rotation direction of direct current machine 14 at a slow speed.Specifically, if the output voltage of first photoelectric sensors A is higher than the output voltage of the second photoelectric sensor B, then the first comparator U1 has output, and not output of the second comparator U2, the output voltage of the first comparator U1 and the threshold voltage of setting compare, if be higher than threshold voltage, then the 3rd comparator U3 output high level makes the first transistor Q1 conducting, thereby the first relay D1 coil gets, normally opened contact is all connected in two groups of contacts of its correspondence, the direct current slow speed motor rotates, this rotation direction is to equate that until first photoelectric sensors A and the suffered intensity of illumination of the second photoelectric sensor B this moment, the first comparator U1 and the second comparator U2 were all less than output towards the direction that the second photoelectric sensor B intensity of illumination increases.If the output voltage of first photoelectric sensors A is lower than the output voltage of the second photoelectric sensor B, according to above-mentioned principle, the same direct current slow speed motor that can draw rotates, this rotation direction is to equate that until first photoelectric sensors A and the suffered intensity of illumination of the second photoelectric sensor B this moment, the first comparator U1 and the second comparator U2 were all less than output towards the direction that the first photoelectric sensors A intensity of illumination increases.Above-mentioned in day following the trail of implementation procedure, output at the first comparator U1 is provided with by first resistance R 1, the time delay link that first capacitor C 1 is formed, the delay time of this time delay link can obtain by different parameter adjustment, and first resistance R 1 is connected with the first diode D1, when thereby the output voltage that has only output voltage when first photoelectric sensors A to be higher than the second photoelectric sensor B surpasses the delay time that this time delay link sets, the output of the first comparator U1 just can influence subsequent conditioning circuit, thereby make that direct current machine rotates at a slow speed, the setting of this time delay link is the accuracy for safety action, prevents the extraneous interference suddenly in the real process; And the effect of the first diode D1 is when guaranteeing that the output voltage of first photoelectric sensors A equals the output voltage of the second photoelectric sensor B, rapidly the electric weight on first capacitor C 1 has been put by the first diode D1, thereby made direct current machine stop motion immediately at a slow speed.Equally, output at the second comparator U2 is provided with the time delay link of being made up of second resistance R 2, second capacitor C 2, the delay time of this time delay link can obtain by different parameter adjustment, and second resistance R 1 is connected with the second diode D2, the effect of second resistance R 2, second capacitor C 2 and the second diode D2 does not repeat them here with first resistance R 1, first capacitor C 1 and the first diode D1.
In the above-described embodiments, be provided with the 3rd comparator U3 and the 4th comparator U4 with inverting input threshold voltage, their effect is to make the output voltage difference of the first sensor A and the second transducer B when a set point is above, direct current machine 14 just begins action at a slow speed, thereby further guarantees direct current machine 14 accuracy of actions and stationarity at a slow speed.In in another is implemented, also can directly utilize the output of the first comparator U1 and the second comparator U2 directly to control the rotation of direct current machine 14 at a slow speed, just antijamming capability is not as the foregoing description.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of solar power system with sun-facing and tracing functions, comprise solar panel, batteries, solar charging controller, wherein solar panel receives sunlight, with transform light energy is electric energy, power to batteries by solar charging controller then, the batteries storage of electrical energy, power to external loading, it is characterized in that, this system also comprises: to the day tracking means, described to day tracking means comprise: rotary unit, driver element, gear unit and control unit, described solar panel is arranged on the rotary unit, described rotary unit is connected with driver element by gear unit, described control unit is included in first photoelectric sensor that axial symmetry is provided with on the solar panel, second photoelectric sensor, first comparator, second comparator, first driver element, second driver element, first performance element and second performance element that continues, the output of described first photoelectric sensor is connected with the normal phase input end of first comparator and the inverting input of second comparator, the second photoelectric sensor output is connected with the inverting input of first comparator and the normal phase input end of second comparator, described first comparator, the output of second comparator respectively with first driver element, the input control end of second driver element connects, described first driver element, the output of second driver element respectively with first performance element, second control end that continues performance element connects, described first performance element, second output that continues performance element is connected with the input of driver element, and opposite corresponding to the input polarity of driver element.
2, a kind of solar power system as claimed in claim 1 with sun-facing and tracing functions, it is characterized in that, described solar panel whirligig comprises support component, coaxial pair of circle rotating disk, described solar panel is arranged on the support component, the inner ring of described coaxial pair of circle rotating disk and outer ring can produce relative rotation, and described support component is fixed on the inner ring of described coaxial pair of circle rotating disk.
3, a kind of solar power system with sun-facing and tracing functions as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described driver element is direct current machine at a slow speed.
4, a kind of solar power system as claimed in claim 1 with sun-facing and tracing functions, it is characterized in that, described gear unit comprises power transmission shaft and shaft coupling, described shaft coupling connects the output shaft of described power transmission shaft and described driver element, and described power transmission shaft is connected with the solar panel whirligig.
5, a kind of solar power system as claimed in claim 1 with sun-facing and tracing functions, it is characterized in that, described first driver element is the first transistor drive circuit, first performance element is first double-contact relay, the base stage of described the first transistor is connected with the output of first comparing unit, collector electrode is connected with the first double-contact relay coil, one end, this another termination high level of first double-contact relay coil, and emitter is by a diode ground connection; Described second driver element is the transistor seconds drive circuit, second performance element is second double-contact relay, described transistorized base stage is connected with the output of second comparing unit, collector electrode is connected with the second double-contact relay coil, one end, this another termination high level of second double-contact relay coil, emitter is by a diode ground connection.
6, the described a kind of solar power system of claim 1 with sun-facing and tracing functions, it is characterized in that, described control unit comprises that also two inverting inputs all have the 3rd comparator and the 4th comparator of threshold voltage, the normal phase input end of described the 3rd comparator is connected with the output of first comparator, and the output of described the 3rd comparator is connected with the input control end of first driver element; The normal phase input end of described the 4th comparator is connected with the output of second comparator, and the output of described the 4th comparator is connected with the input control end of second driver element.
7, the described a kind of solar power system with sun-facing and tracing functions of claim 6 is characterized in that, described threshold voltage is that the mode by electric resistance partial pressure obtains.
8, the described a kind of solar power system with sun-facing and tracing functions of claim 1 is characterized in that the output of described first comparator is provided with the first time delay link, and the output of described second comparator is provided with the second time delay link.
9, the described a kind of solar power system of claim 8 with sun-facing and tracing functions, it is characterized in that, the described first time delay link is the delay circuit that first resistance and first capacitances in series are formed, and is provided with first backward diode between the output of described first resistance and first comparator; The described second time delay link is the delay circuit that second resistance and second capacitances in series are formed, and is provided with second backward diode between the output of described second resistance and second comparator.
CNA200610072293XA 2006-04-18 2006-04-18 A solar energy generating system with the sun-facing and tracing functions Pending CN101060296A (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102034882A (en) * 2010-11-11 2011-04-27 苏州快可光伏电子股份有限公司 Photovoltaic junction box of wireless monitoring system
CN102035438A (en) * 2010-12-31 2011-04-27 常州天合光能有限公司 Energy storage solar module and intelligent storage control method thereof
CN102074094A (en) * 2011-01-14 2011-05-25 北华航天工业学院 Security early-warning prompting system for bridges
CN102475079A (en) * 2010-11-24 2012-05-30 哈尔滨商业大学 Automatic tracking solar insect killing device
CN102611357A (en) * 2012-03-23 2012-07-25 周朝国 Large solar power generation device with full-automatic positioning and steering function
TWI407065B (en) * 2010-07-20 2013-09-01 Wei Sheng Invest & Dev Co Ltd Automatic Compensation Method and Device for Inclination of Solar Energy
CN104791678A (en) * 2014-05-28 2015-07-22 天长市安发特照明电器有限公司 Novel photoelectric complementary LED street lamp
CN104811126A (en) * 2015-05-18 2015-07-29 浙江海洋学院 Solar intelligent power generation system
CN106376269A (en) * 2016-08-30 2017-02-08 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 Generating set for Internet of Things emergency system
CN109516842A (en) * 2018-11-01 2019-03-26 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 Intelligent garbage processing equipment and waste disposal method

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI407065B (en) * 2010-07-20 2013-09-01 Wei Sheng Invest & Dev Co Ltd Automatic Compensation Method and Device for Inclination of Solar Energy
CN102034882A (en) * 2010-11-11 2011-04-27 苏州快可光伏电子股份有限公司 Photovoltaic junction box of wireless monitoring system
CN102475079A (en) * 2010-11-24 2012-05-30 哈尔滨商业大学 Automatic tracking solar insect killing device
CN102035438A (en) * 2010-12-31 2011-04-27 常州天合光能有限公司 Energy storage solar module and intelligent storage control method thereof
CN102074094A (en) * 2011-01-14 2011-05-25 北华航天工业学院 Security early-warning prompting system for bridges
CN102074094B (en) * 2011-01-14 2013-01-02 北华航天工业学院 Security early-warning prompting system for bridges
CN102611357A (en) * 2012-03-23 2012-07-25 周朝国 Large solar power generation device with full-automatic positioning and steering function
CN104791678A (en) * 2014-05-28 2015-07-22 天长市安发特照明电器有限公司 Novel photoelectric complementary LED street lamp
CN104811126A (en) * 2015-05-18 2015-07-29 浙江海洋学院 Solar intelligent power generation system
CN106376269A (en) * 2016-08-30 2017-02-08 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 Generating set for Internet of Things emergency system
CN109516842A (en) * 2018-11-01 2019-03-26 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 Intelligent garbage processing equipment and waste disposal method
CN109516842B (en) * 2018-11-01 2023-11-14 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 Intelligent garbage disposal equipment and garbage disposal method

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