CN101056195A - 通信系统中主板与备板的数据同步方法 - Google Patents

通信系统中主板与备板的数据同步方法 Download PDF

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CN101056195A
CN101056195A CNA2006100721547A CN200610072154A CN101056195A CN 101056195 A CN101056195 A CN 101056195A CN A2006100721547 A CNA2006100721547 A CN A2006100721547A CN 200610072154 A CN200610072154 A CN 200610072154A CN 101056195 A CN101056195 A CN 101056195A
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data
slave board
mainboard
synchronization
timer
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CN100466545C (zh
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汪晓玲
胡永红
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ZTE Corp
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    • Y10S370/00—Multiplex communications
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    • Y10S370/902—Packet switching
    • Y10S370/903—Osi compliant network
    • Y10S370/906—Fiber data distribution interface, FDDI
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S370/00—Multiplex communications
    • Y10S370/901—Wide area network
    • Y10S370/902—Packet switching
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    • Y10S370/907—Synchronous optical network, SONET

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种通信系统中主板与备板的数据同步方法，本发明将同步处理分为“启动同步”与“及时同步”两个过程，针对协议非配置数据，在备板启动时由备板启动数据同步过程，如果在系统运行过程中检测到主板上的非配置数据发生变化，则由主板启动同步过程；另外，如果检测到主板收到的报文是新报文，则将该报文数据同步到备板。针对协议的配置数据，如果配置过程中，备板也在位，则通过及时同步将数据同步到备板，保证本次配置的一致性；如果配置过程中备板不在位，则在备板启动过程中，进行启动同步。应用本发明所述方法，可有效解决与报文、拓扑有相关性的协议同步处理问题，同时保证了主备协议数据的一致性。

Description

通信系统中主板与备板的数据同步方法
技术领域
本发明涉及通信系统中主备同步的处理，尤其是系统采用热备份时，主板和备板协议的实时同步方法。
背景技术
随着通信网络的高速发展，通信的可靠性、稳定性已经越来越体现出其重要性，而对关键设备进行冗余备份是保证通信网络工作可靠性和稳定性的重要手段，如对系统中的关键设备采用主、备板进行热备份就是一种常见的方法。当主板不可用时，系统自动切换到备板运行，备板代替原来主板的功能，保证通信的无间断性。这样就引出以下的问题：如何保证主、备板配置数据的一致性呢？如何保证协议的无间断性呢？如何保证协议动态数据的一致性呢？
在现行许多存在主、备板的系统中，配置数据的同步往往可以通过一些统一的机制进行保证，这些机制也同时保证了部分协议的主备切换无间断性。而实际上还有一部分协议，仅仅通过配置数据的同步还不能保证主备切换无间断性，因为主板和备板还存在一些除配置数据之外的差异，如主板和备板报文收发的差异，或者主板和备板拓扑数据的差异，和这些差异有关联的协议就无法仅仅通过配置数据的同步进行无间断的业务主备切换了。
针对配置数据同步的问题，曾有建议提出过一种主、备板配置数据同步的方法，即通过在主板和备板上设置同步缓冲区，数据修改，则写缓冲区，当缓冲区满则进行同步，成功则删除缓冲区数据，否则重复同步操作，直至所有的数据同步完成。该方法适用于主板和备板上大量数据的同步，对大量数据同步(如数据库同步)有一定的有效性，但对于保证协议数据无间断处理的同步则没有涉及，同时，当缓冲区过大，而需要同步的数据过少，也没有一个比较好的机制进行处理。
目前还曾提出过针对呼叫状态数据同步的建议，即通过UML工具定义呼叫处理的对象，并用状态图描述该类对象的所有状态及状态发生迁移时所需的条件，每个状态对应该对象的一个内部属性，通过同步将呼叫的内部属性值进行记录并同步。该方法可以保证呼叫相关的同步，但对于保证协议数据无间断处理的同步仍然没有涉及。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种通信系统中主板与备板的数据同步方法，针对与报文、拓扑等有关联的协议，通过协议同步处理，既能保证协议的无间断性，又保证协议数据的一致性。
针对上述技术问题，本发明提供一种通信系统中主板与备板的数据同步方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)确定需要同步的与通信协议相关的非配置数据；
(2)如果备板在运行过程中启动，则由备板启动数据同步过程，将主板上需要同步的非配置数据同步至备板；
(3)检测主板上需要同步的非配置数据的变化情况，如果在系统运行过程中，主板上需要同步的非配置数据发生变化，则由主板启动同步过程，将发生变化的非配置数据同步至备板。
本发明还可以进一步包括：
(4)检测主板收到的报文情况，如果是新报文，则将该报文数据同步到备板。
其中，所述步骤(1)可以进一步包括：确定需要同步的与通信协议相关的配置数据；所述步骤(2)可以进一步包括：如果备板启动，则由备板发起数据同步过程，将主板上需要同步的配置数据同步至备板；所述步骤(3)可以进一步包括：如果备板在位，且主板上需要同步的配置数据发生变化，则由主板将发生变化的配置数据同步至备板。
其中，所述步骤(2)可以包括：
(21)备板向主板发送一个同步请求，该请求中包含一个序列号；
(22)主板返回一个应答数据，该应答数据中将所述序列号带回，并包含一个结束标志，该标志置位表示同步结束，未置位表示还有数据需要同步；
(23)备板收到主板反馈的响应数据后，判断序列号是否一致，如果一致，则根据应答数据更新备板上的相应数据，并根据应答数据中的结束标志确定是否下一次的同步请求；
(24)主板在数据同步结束时，在应答数据中将结束标志置位。
其中，所述步骤(21)可以包括：
(211)备板启动后设置一个启动定时器，该定时器到时后向主板发送同步请求；
(212)备板发送同步请求成功后，创建一个请求定时器，在备板收到主板的应答数据后，删除该第一请求定时器；
(213)备板发送同步请求失败后，创建一个超时定时器；
(214)所述请求定时器或超时定时器到时后，由备板发送当前的同步请求。
其中，步骤(23)所述根据应答数据中的结束标志确定是否下一次的同步请求，可以包括：
判断应答数据的结束标志是否置位，如果未置位，则将当前同步序列号递增，继续向主板新的发送同步请求；如果已经置位，则停止发送同步请求。
其中，所述步骤(3)包括：
(31)设置一个同步数据存储区，并设置一个定时器；
(32)在主板启动同步时，启动所述定时器，并将需要同步的数据发送至所述同步数据存储区；
(33)在定时器定时期间，如果还有需要同步的数据，则将其继续发送至所述同步数据存储区；
(34)在所述同步数据存储区空间已满，或定时器到时后，由主板将所述同步数据存储区中的数据同步至备板，并由备板更新相应数据；
(35)删除该定时器，并清空所述同步数据存储区中的已同步数据。
其中，所述步骤(33)中，如果后续发送至所述存储区中的数据与已经存储的数据发生重复，则使用后续的数据覆盖先前的数据。
其中，所述步骤(32)、(33)中所述将需要同步的数据发送至同步数据存储区的步骤，是将多个同步数据进行打包一起发送。
其中，所述步骤(4)可以进一步包括：
备板收到主板同步的报文后，进行收报文处理，如果备板根据协议逻辑，发现需要对报文进行模拟时，则直接在备板按照协议逻辑进行模拟处理。
本发明针对协议非配置数据和报文数据，结合配置数据的同步，本发明提供的协议主备同步方案可有效解决与报文、拓扑有相关性的协议同步处理，保证动态数据的一致性；同时可有效改善如协议报文重复大量需要反复同步、主备通信量大的问题。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明实施例所述的启动同步处理机制图；
图2是根据本发明实施例所述的备板发送启动同步处理请求的流程图；
图3是根据本发明实施例所述的备板收到主板响应的流程图；
图4是根据本发明实施例所述的备板相关定时器处理的流程图；
图5是根据本发明实施例所述的及时同步处理流程图；
图6是根据本发明实施例所述的主板报文同步处理流程图；
图7是根据本发明实施例所述的备板报文同步处理流程图。
具体实施方式
针对协议非配置数据，为保证协议运行的无间断性和动态数据的同步，本发明将同步处理分为“启动同步”过程与“及时同步”过程，具体来说，可以包括如下步骤：
(1)确定协议相关的需要同步的非配置数据；
(2)如果在运行过程中将备板插上，则对需要同步的数据进行确认性的启动同步；
(3)如果需要同步的数据在运行过程中发生变化，将数据打包到缓存区，缓存区满或及时同步定时器到则进行及时同步；
(4)如果有报文数据，需要进行报文同步；如果需要同步的报文为重复性报文，采用一份报文仅同步一次/或有限次的方式，之后在备板按照协议逻辑进行模拟，减少报文同步的次数。
如果系统中有多个需要进行同步的模块，则步骤(2)、(3)可作为公用模块进行统一处理。
系统运行过程中，如果发生了主备通讯链路断的事件，需要在通信恢复的时候重新进行启动同步和报文同步。
在系统运行过程中，如果发生了主备切换的事件，需要重新进行启动同步0。
在系统运行过程中，如果主备通讯链路是通的，则需要进行及时同步。
对协议的配置数据，采用启动同步和及时同步的方法，保证配置的一致性。即如果配置过程中，备板也在位，则通过及时同步将数据同步到备板，保证本次配置的一致性；如果配置过程中，备板不在位，则在备板启动过程中，进行启动同步。因为系统中往往存在多个模块的配置数据需要同步，因此该部分可作为一个公用模块提供主备同步的功能。
下面结合附图对技术方案的实施作进一步的详细描述：
图1为本发明实施例所述的启动同步处理机制的流程图，启动同步的机制是备板启动后主动向主板要数据，同步方式为：1.备板发送同步请求，同步数据结构中包含一个序列号；2.主板回响应，应答数据中将此序列号带回，并且包含一个结束标志，置位表示同步结束，未置位表示还有数据要同步；3.备板收到主板响应先判断序列号和当前期待的响应序列号是否相同，不同则丢弃，重发请求；相同则正常处理：一是要更新备板上相应数据，二是要判断响应中的结束标志位是否置位，若置位则不再发送请求，未置位则继续发送下一请求。
图2、图3、图4是本发明实施例所述的启动同步处理流程图，启动同步处理的具体流程是：对备板，系统启动则设置请求定时器1用以触发同步请求，定时到则向主板发送同步请求；备板发送同步请求成功则再创建请求定时器1，收到主板响应删除该定时器1；为保证同步消息的发送，备板发送同步请求失败则创建超时定时器2，定时器1和2到时的处理都是发送当前请求。对主板，仅需要对备板的请求进行响应，并在数据同步结束时置位结束标志即可。
其中，图2为本发明实施例所述的备板发送启动同步处理请求的流程图，具体过程如下：
步骤201：将当前同步序列号写入同步请求数据结构中，发送请求到主板；
步骤202：是否发送成功，若是，进入步骤203，若否，进入步骤204；
步骤203：创建定时器1；
步骤204：创建定时器2；
步骤205：返回。
其中，图3为本发明实施例所述的备板收到主板响应的流程图，具体过程如下：
步骤301：备板受到主板响应，删除定时器1；
步骤302：判断响应序列号和当前同步序列号是否相同，若是，进入步骤303，若否，进入步骤304；
步骤303：更新备板上相应数据；
步骤304：按照图2所示发送同步请求；
步骤305：判断响应结束位是否置位，若是，进入步骤307，若否，进入步骤306；
步骤306：当前同步序列号增1，继续发送同步请求；
步骤307：返回。
其中，图4为本发明实施例所述的备板相关定时器处理的流程图，具体过程如下：
步骤401：定时器1到时，进入步骤403；
步骤402：定时器2到时，进入步骤403；
步骤403：按照图2发送同步请求。
图5为本发明实施例所述的及时同步处理流程图，及时同步的处理机制是：主板数据有变化时，向备板主动发送该变化，备板不需要回响应，因为及时同步每一次同步的数据不会很大，考虑到存在主板向备板发送失败的可能，本实施例对失败数据重传三次，降低出错的可能性，又考虑到短时间内同步的次数可能很多，如果造成发送失败，可以对几个同步的包进行打包一起发送。
由以上所述，在这里需要定义一个空间，在需要发送同步数据的时候，将同步数据放到这个空间中，同时在第一次存储数据的时候设置一个定时器，该同步数据暂时不同步到备板。在定时期间，如果又有数据要同步，也加到这个空间里，直到空间满，或者定时到时才进行同步，同步成功或连发三次都失败，则删除定时器，清空该空间中存储的数据。如果需要同步的数据发生重复，则用后面的数据去覆盖前面的数据。
本流程图的具体过程如下：
步骤5001：有数据需要同步；
步骤5002：设置定时器；
步骤5003：判断同步数据区是否有数据，若是，进入步骤5004，若否，进入步骤5011；
步骤5004：将要同步的数据加到同步数据区中，对同一端口的同步数据，用后面的数据覆盖前面的数据；
步骤5005：是否符合同步数据区已满或定时器到时，若是，进入步骤5006，若否，进入步骤5010；
步骤5006：将同步数据区的内容同步到备板；
步骤5007：是否发送成功，若是，进入步骤5008，若否，进入步骤5009；
步骤5008：删除定时器，清空数据区；
步骤5009：重发三次，无论最终发送成功还是发送失败都进入步骤5008；
步骤5010：返回；
步骤5011：将要同步的数据加到同步数据区中；
步骤5012：是否需要将多个同步包打包发送，若是，进入步骤5013，若否，进入步骤5006；
步骤5013：设置定时器并返回。
图6和图7是本发明实施例所述的报文同步处理流程图，报文同步的处理流程是：对主板，如果主备通信链路正常，则在主板收到报文时比较报文是否已经收到且已经发送三次，且对协议是重复报文，对这种情况可考虑减少主备通信量，直接不进行同步，否则则进行报文同步；对备板，如果收到主板同步的报文，则进行收报文处理，如果备板根据协议逻辑处理，发现需要对这些报文进行模拟，则直接在备板按照协议逻辑进行模拟处理。
其中，图6为本发明实施例所述的主板报文同步处理流程图，具体过程如下：
步骤601：判断主备通讯链路是否正常，若是，进入步骤602，若否，进入步骤604；
步骤602：判断收到的报文是否重复且已经发送三次，若是，进入步骤604，若否，进入步骤603；
步骤603：发送同步报文；
步骤604：返回。
其中，图7为本发明实施例所述的备板报文同步处理流程图，具体过程如下；
步骤701：收到同步报文；
步骤702：收报文处理；
步骤703：判断协议是否需要继续模拟重复报文，若是，进入步骤704，若否，进入步骤705；
步骤704：定时模拟报文；
步骤705：返回。
本发明提出了启动同步、及时同步和报文同步的协议同步处理方法，这种方法有效的解决了主备切换时的协议间断性问题，同时保证了主备协议数据的一致性。

Claims (10)

1、一种通信系统中主板与备板的数据同步方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
(1)确定需要同步的与通信协议相关的非配置数据；
(2)如果备板在运行过程中启动，则由备板启动数据同步过程，将主板上需要同步的非配置数据同步至备板；
(3)检测主板上需要同步的非配置数据的变化情况，如果在系统运行过程中，主板上需要同步的非配置数据发生变化，则由主板启动同步过程，将发生变化的非配置数据同步至备板。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括：
(4)检测主板收到的报文情况，如果是新报文，则将该报文数据同步到备板。
3、如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：
所述步骤(1)进一步包括：确定需要同步的与通信协议相关的配置数据；
所述步骤(2)进一步包括：如果备板启动，则由备板发起数据同步过程，将主板上需要同步的配置数据同步至备板；
所述步骤(3)进一步包括：如果备板在位，且主板上需要同步的配置数据发生变化，则由主板将发生变化的配置数据同步至备板。
4、如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(2)包括：
(21)备板向主板发送一个同步请求，该请求中包含一个序列号；
(22)主板返回一个应答数据，该应答数据中将所述序列号带回，并包含一个结束标志，该标志置位表示同步结束，未置位表示还有数据需要同步；
(23)备板收到主板反馈的响应数据后，判断序列号是否一致，如果一致，则根据应答数据更新备板上的相应数据，并根据应答数据中的结束标志确定是否下一次的同步请求；
(24)主板在数据同步结束时，在应答数据中将结束标志置位。
5、如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(21)包括：
(211)备板启动后设置一个启动定时器，该定时器到时后向主板发送同步请求；
(212)备板发送同步请求成功后，创建一个请求定时器，在备板收到主板的应答数据后，删除该第一请求定时器；
(213)备板发送同步请求失败后，创建一个超时定时器；
(214)所述请求定时器或超时定时器到时后，由备板发送当前的同步请求。
6、如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(23)所述根据应答数据中的结束标志确定是否下一次的同步请求，包括：
判断应答数据的结束标志是否置位，如果未置位，则将当前同步序列号递增，继续向主板新的发送同步请求；如果已经置位，则停止发送同步请求。
7、如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(3)包括：
(31)设置一个同步数据存储区，并设置一个定时器；
(32)在主板启动同步时，启动所述定时器，并将需要同步的数据发送至所述同步数据存储区；
(33)在定时器定时期间，如果还有需要同步的数据，则将其继续发送至所述同步数据存储区；
(34)在所述同步数据存储区空间已满，或定时器到时后，由主板将所述同步数据存储区中的数据同步至备板，并由备板更新相应数据；
(35)删除该定时器，并清空所述同步数据存储区中的已同步数据。
8、如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(33)中，如果后续发送至所述存储区中的数据与已经存储的数据发生重复，则使用后续的数据覆盖先前的数据。
9、如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(32)、(33)中所述将需要同步的数据发送至同步数据存储区的步骤，是将多个同步数据进行打包一起发送。
10、如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(4)进一步包括：
备板收到主板同步的报文后，进行收报文处理，如果备板根据协议逻辑，发现需要对报文进行模拟时，则直接在备板按照协议逻辑进行模拟处理。
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