CN101054171A - Layer combination controllable carbon material with nano pole of different scale, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Layer combination controllable carbon material with nano pole of different scale, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for design advanced materials with nano-scaled structure and techniques for preparing same. In particular, the invention relates to a carbon material capable of controllable laminated combination with the nano-holes of variable sizes and preparation and application thereof. The method comprises the steps of: preparing metal oxide sol in the alkali solution system, which is then mixed with an alcohol solution of an alcohol-soluble resin; the oxide sol being used as the template and water being the resin precipitation agent during the process to directly prepare resin/oxide sol composite system. After solvent removal, carbonization, activation and template removal processes, the carbon material with laminated nano-holes combination is prepared which is of controllable micro-holes proportion, controllable medium-holes aperture and proportion, controllable big-holes aperture and propotion and concentrated distribution of medium-holes and big-holes apertures. The carbon material capable of controllable laminated combination with the nano-holes of variable sizes prepared in the invention is characterized in laminated holes structure, excellent ion transfer performances and high electrochemical active specific surface area and the material is expected to be used as high energy density high power density electrochemical capacitor used electrode material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to have nano-pore structure advanced material method of design and technology of preparing, be specially and a kind ofly novel make up the design of formed carbon material and preparation method and as the application of electrochemical capacitor electrode material by the controlled level of nano pole of different scale.
Background technology
As a kind of important energy-storage travelling wave tube, electrochemical capacitor is all extensively paid close attention in every field.But conventional electrical condenser only has the electric capacity of the microfarad or the pico farad order of magnitude, is very limited in the application.Develop a kind of electrical condenser of comparatively large capacity, make it can provide bigger energy density and power density simultaneously, it is very urgent to play a role between battery and traditional capacitor.Electrical condenser need have excellent instantaneous charge-discharge performance as energy storage device, and cyclicity is good.Can be used as free of contamination small-sized backup power source and be used for multiple electrical equipment, also can form composite power source jointly with battery simultaneously provides power for power truck.Because the equivalent series resistance and the specific surface area of electrochemical capacitor have very big influence to its power density and energy density, the unobstructed and electrochemical activity surface of ion transport collector material fully helps improving power density, the energy density of electrochemical capacitor.In the prior art, electrode active material adopts the gac of high-specific surface area as the electrode energy storage material more.The surface-area hole is the superfine hole of molecular level but active carbon electrode material occupies the majority, and it is unfavorable for ion transport, and this part surface and micropore can not be fully utilized, thereby influences the further raising of power density.Usually, for the electrochemical process (as electrochemical capacitor, fuel cell) of fluid phase system, the rate of diffusion of reactant constituent element in electrode structure restricting the efficient of corresponding system.The diffusion admittance of appropriate design reactant constituent element just needs the pore structure of appropriate design material and develops controlled pore structure preparation method.Mano-porous material for three-dimensional structure, the kinetics of having only mesopore (aperture is greater than the hole of 2nm less than 50nm) and macropore (greater than the hole of 50nm) just to help the reactant constituent element transports the raising of performance, and micropore (aperture is less than the hole of 2nm) provides the activated adsorption position for the reaction constituent element, and is extremely important for the electrochemical energy storage process.The hierarchical porous structure that appropriate design has micropore/mesopore/macropore is the center of gravity of the research and the work of application of association area.How to design and prepare the key issue that the nano-pore structure carbon material that has high-specific surface area and help the pore structure of ion transport just becomes Related Research Domain.
Although traditional chemical/physically activated method can prepare the gac with certain mesopore content, these mesopore apertures are less relatively, and content is relatively low, limited the raising of its performance and widening of range of application.And adopt mesopore or micro porous molecular sieve is that the technology of template has long, shortcomings such as cost is high, structure poor reproducibility of cycle, is unfavorable for extensive utilization.
Summary of the invention
In order further to improve electrochemical power density energy density, the object of the present invention is to provide carbon material of the controlled level combination of a kind of nano pole of different scale and its production and application, adopt the technology of the present invention can be in the structure in quite wide scope inner control synthesis of nano hole, as different pore sizes, different content, different pore size distribution (micropore/mesopore, micropore/macropore) combination, desired raw material wide material sources, cheap, technology is simple, the structure favorable reproducibility.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
The carbon material of the controlled level combination of a kind of nano pole of different scale, this structure are the Different Pore Structures combination with macropore, mesopore, micropore, form three-dimensional and connect relation mutually, present the class spongy structure on micro-meter scale.Be combined as feature structure with micropore/mesopore level combination or with micropore/macropore level, mesopore is the window channel between adjacent macropore, and micropore is present on mesopore/macropore hole wall.The specific surface area of this carbon material is 500～1000m
2/ g, micropore size distributes in 0.5～2nm, the mesopore aperture distributes in 4nm to 50nm scope, macropore diameter distributes in 50nm to 2 mu m range, the volume ratio controlled distribution of micropore, mesopore or macropore (the shared volume ratio of micropore is at 50-70%, and the shared volume ratio of mesopore/macropore is at 30-50%).
The mesopore of this carbon material structure comprises little mesopore and big mesopore, and it is controlled to distribute in 4nm to the 10nm scope of little mesopore aperture, and big mesopore aperture distributes in 10nm to 50nm scope.
The mesopore of this carbon material central hole structure or macropore diameter distribute and concentrate, and the pore size distribution constant interval of little mesopore is 2-5nm, and the pore size distribution constant interval of big mesopore is 5nm to 20nm, and the pore size distribution constant interval of macropore is 20nm-1 μ m.
The preparation method of the composite structure carbon material of the controlled level combination of described nano pole of different scale, bring out oxide sol template and the direct synthetic resin based compound system of pure dissolubility resol original position separation method by mating surface promoting agent in the alkaline aqueous solution system, and, after removing oxide template, obtain having nanoporous combination compound carbon structure through follow-up charing and activation.Concrete process is with the inorganic salt of alkaline-earth metal or magnesium-yttrium-transition metal or organic salt or compound, perhaps with the inorganic salt of other alkaline-earth metal or magnesium-yttrium-transition metal or organic salt or total amount of compound and water according to weight ratio 1: (1-100) (better weight ratio is 1: (1-20)) uniform mixing dissolves the formation solution I fully; The inorganic salt of described alkaline-earth metal or magnesium-yttrium-transition metal or organic salt or compound, such as: magnesium nitrate, magnesium acetate, calcium chloride, nitrocalcite, zinc chloride, zinc nitrate, copper sulfate, cupric nitrate, nickelous nitrate, nickel acetate, nickelous chloride, single nickel salt, Cobaltous diacetate, Xiao Suangu, iron nitrate, chromium nitrate, potassium permanganate etc.With precipitation agent (weak base or highly basic such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide such as ammoniacal liquor, urea, carbonic acid ammonia, yellow soda ash, sodium bicarbonate, salt of wormwood), self-assembly inducer (segmented copolymer (as poly-oxyethylene-poly-epoxy third rare P123 etc.), anion/cation surfacant (as 18 semi-annular jade pendants acid sodium, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide CTAB etc.) or nonionic surfactant (as ethoxylated dodecyl alcohol Brij30 etc.) etc.) and water according to part by weight (0.1-10): (0.1-5): (1-50) uniform mixing dissolves the formation solution II fully.Under 10-100 ℃ of condition of normal pressure, above-mentioned two solution systems are mixed, under precipitation agent and the effect of self-assembly inducer, make the inorganic salt of alkaline-earth metal or magnesium-yttrium-transition metal or the metal ion in organic salt or the compound solution form its oxyhydroxide or oxide sol.The ethanolic soln (resin and alcoholic acid weight ratio are 1: (1-20)) of spirit-soluble resin is added above-mentioned sol system, the part by weight of the inorganic salt of resin and alkaline-earth metal or magnesium-yttrium-transition metal or organic salt or compound is 1: (0.1-20), treat that resin is after separating out fully under the effect of precipitation agent water, aqueous solvent and ethanol at 60-80 ℃ of slow evaporative removal (24-48 hour) under normal pressure, can be prepared resin/oxide complex system; Described spirit-soluble resin comprises the high temperature resol of resol and boron doping vario-property.With the charing in inertia (as argon gas etc.) or reducing atmosphere (as ammonia) earlier of resin/oxide complex system, carbonization temperature is at 500-1000 ℃, and temperature rise rate is 5-10 ℃/min, and carbonization time is 2-6 hour.With carbonizing production and mineral acid (example hydrochloric acid, nitric acid etc.) with weight ratio 1: (0.1-5) mix, under 30-90 ℃ of agitation condition, react 4-6 hour under the normal pressure with the oxide template removal, acid solution is separated with the carbon material of removing template by centrifugation or vacuum filtration approach.The carbon material of removing template at 60-120 ℃ of following vacuum-drying 1-48 hour, is promptly obtained making up formed composite structure carbon material by different apertures nanoporous level.According to requirement, will go the composite structure carbon material to adopt physically activated (activator such as CO to pore size distribution
2, water vapour or air) or chemical activation (activator such as KOH, ZnCl
2, Fe (NO
3)
2Deng, the weight ratio of activator and composite structure carbon material is 1: (0.1-5)) method 300-800 ℃ of down activation 2-6 hour (temperature rise rate be 5-10 ℃/min).Can further control the combination of different apertures nanoporous.
The present invention obtains the composite structure carbon material that different apertures nanoporous makes up by top colloidal sol template/original position precipitation process, and its specific surface area is greater than 500m
2/ g, mesopore, macropore diameter controlled distribution in 4nm to 2 mu m range, micropore size distributes in 0.5～2nm, the adjustable ratio of mesopore, macropore or micropore.This composite structure carbon material has good electrochemical properties, can be used for the electrode materials of electrochemical capacitor.
As working electrode, 6M KOH is an electrolytic solution, is assembled into electrochemical capacitor then with electrode materials of the present invention, and capacity can reach 100～250F/g (pressing active substance composite structure carbon material, down together).
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
1, the present invention relates to nano-pore structure advanced material method of design and technology of preparing, method of design and implementation procedure thereof about a kind of novel different apertures nanoporous combination compound carbon structure are provided especially.This method of design is characterised in that based on template synthesis method, taking all factors into consideration under the demand prerequisite of ion transport to nano-pore structure, has realized the controlled preparation of different apertures nanoporous in same carbon material by the different templates process.The design philosophy of this novel nano hole unitized construction is integrated analysis with the synthetic notion of transmission mechanism and template in nanoporous aperture effect, the electrolyte ion nanoporous, propose a kind ofly can satisfy ion transport ability efficiently, and make full use of the novel template route of synthesis of the special physicochemical property of different apertures nanoporous.
2, the present invention adopts oxide sol template and the direct novolak resin/oxide composite of pure dissolubility resol original position separation method that brings out by mating surface promoting agent self-assembly in the alkaline aqueous solution system.With this matrix material charing and activation, to remove and can obtain having different apertures nanoporous combination compound carbon structure after the template, this structure micropore ratio is controlled, and mesopore aperture, ratio are controlled, and macropore diameter, ratio are controlled, and mesopore/macropore diameter is concentrated and distributed.The distinctive feature of this method is can control to make nano-pore structure be combined as feature structure with micropore/mesopore level combination or with micropore/macropore level.The specific surface area of the nanoporous carbon material of this method preparation can reach 500～1000m
2/ g, mesopore, macropore diameter controlled distribution in 4nm to 100nm scope, micropore size distributes in 0.5～2nm, the ratio controlled distribution of mesopore, macropore or micropore (the micropore ratio is at 50-60%, and mesopore/macropore ratio is at 30-40%).The different apertures nanoporous combination composite structure carbon material of this method preparation has high specific surface area, be rich in electrochemical activity surface and ion transport passage efficiently, can obtain high electrochemical power density energy density.
3, the novel different apertures of synthetic of the present invention nanoporous combination composite structure carbon material has the different levels pore structure, excellent ion transport dynamic performance and high electrochemically active specific surface area are arranged, be expected to be used for high-energy-density high power density electrode for electrochemical capacitor material.
Description of drawings
The isothermal nitrogen adsorption curve of the carbon material of the controlled level combination of the different apertures of Fig. 1 nanoporous.
The electron scanning micrograph of the carbon material of the controlled level combination of the different apertures of Fig. 2 (a)-(b) nanoporous, wherein arrow indication macropore and mesopore.
The transmission electron microscope photo of the carbon material of the controlled level combination of the different apertures of Fig. 3 nanoporous, wherein the arrow indication is a micropore.
The carbon material structural representation of the controlled level combination of the different apertures of Fig. 4 nanoporous.Among the figure, 1, macropore; 2, mesopore; 3, micropore; 4, the hole wall of macropore/mesopore.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is illustrated:
Magnesium acetate and water mix dissolving fully according to weight ratio and form solution I at 1: 4.With sodium hydroxide, P123 and water mix dissolving fully according to weight ratio and form solution II at 1: 0.5: 30, under 20 ℃ of conditions, above-mentioned two kinds of solution systems are mixed then, the weight ratio of magnesium acetate and sodium hydroxide is 1: 1, under highly basic (NaOH) effect, make magnesium salts form its hydroxide sol, the ethanolic soln (resol and alcoholic acid weight ratio are 1: 4) that adds pure dissolubility resol, the adding part by weight of resol and described magnesium salts is 1: 1, treat that resol is after separating out fully under the water effect, with aqueous solvent and ethanol in 60 ℃ of following evaporative removals (48 hours), just can obtain resol/oxide composite, charing is (600 ℃ in addition, 6 hours, ammonia), removes template, carbonizing production and hydrochloric acid are mixed with weight ratio at 1: 5 with the salt acid elution, under 60 ℃ of agitation conditions, react 6 hours under the normal pressure with the oxide template removal, acid solution is separated with the carbon material of removing template by centrifugation or vacuum filtration method; The carbon material of removing template 120 ℃ of vacuum-dryings 24 hours, is promptly got by different apertures nanoporous level and makes up formed composite structure carbon material.
Present embodiment makes up formed composite structure carbon material by different apertures nanoporous level and is specially micropore 0.7-2nm, big mesopore 5-20nm, and macropore 20nm-1 μ m, specific surface area is 578m
2/ g.
Obtain the isothermal nitrogen adsorption curve such as the accompanying drawing 1 of sample, morphology observation such as accompanying drawing 2 (a)-(b), 3.As shown in Figure 4, this structures of samples has the Different Pore Structures combination of macropore 1, mesopore 2, micropore 3, forms three-dimensional perforation relation mutually, presents the class spongy structure on micro-meter scale.Be combined as feature structure with micropore/mesopore level combination or with micropore/macropore level, mesopore is the window channel between adjacent macropore, and micropore is present on mesopore/macropore hole wall 4.
With it is electrode materials, and 6M KOH is an electrolytic solution, is assembled into electrochemical capacitor then, and capacity can reach 200F/g (pressing the different apertures of active substance nanoporous combination composite structure carbon material, down together).
Nickelous nitrate and water mix dissolving fully according to weight ratio and form solution I at 1: 5.Urea, CTAB and water fully dissolve according to weight ratio and form solution II at 1: 1: 20, under 90 ℃ of conditions, above-mentioned two kinds of solution systems are mixed then, the weight ratio of nickelous nitrate and urea is 1: 3, nickelous nitrate forms its hydroxide sol under the hydrolysis of urea effect, the ethanolic soln (resol and alcoholic acid weight ratio are 1: 3) that adds pure dissolubility resol, the adding part by weight of resol and described nickel salt is 1: 1, treat that resol is after separating out fully under the water effect, with aqueous solvent and ethanol in 60 ℃ of following evaporative removals (48 hours), just can obtain resol/oxide composite, charing is (700 ℃ in addition, 6 hours, argon gas), removes template, carbonizing production and hydrochloric acid are mixed with weight ratio at 1: 3 with the salt acid elution, under 60 ℃ of agitation conditions, react 6 hours under the normal pressure with the oxide template removal, acid solution is separated with the carbon material of removing template by centrifugation or vacuum filtration method; 120 ℃ of vacuum-dryings 24 hours, the carbon structure that will remove template then further activated (800 ℃, 2 hours, the weight ratio of KOH and composite structure carbon material was 1: 1), promptly gets different apertures nanoporous and makes up the composite structure carbon material with the carbon material of removing template.
The different apertures of present embodiment nanoporous combination composite structure carbon material is specially micropore 0.7-2nm, big mesopore 4-20nm, and macropore 50nm-2 μ m, specific surface area is 657m
2/ g.
With it is electrode materials, and 6M KOH is an electrolytic solution, is assembled into electrochemical capacitor then, and capacity can reach 210F/g.
Zinc chloride and water mix dissolving fully according to weight ratio and form solution I at 1: 5.Yellow soda ash, Brij30 and water mix dissolving fully according to weight ratio and form solution II at 1: 1: 30, under 10 ℃ of conditions, above-mentioned two kinds of solution systems are mixed then, the weight ratio of zinc chloride and yellow soda ash is 1: 3, zinc chloride forms its carbonate/oxide compound complex sol at carbanion and water dual function, the ethanolic soln (resol and alcoholic acid weight ratio are 1: 6) that adds pure dissolubility resol, the adding part by weight of resol and described zinc salt is 1: 2, treat that resol is after separating out fully under the water effect, with aqueous solvent and ethanol in 60 ℃ of following evaporative removals (48 hours), just can obtain resol/oxide composite, charing is (800 ℃ in addition, 5 hours, argon gas), removes template, carbonizing production and hydrochloric acid are mixed with weight ratio at 1: 10 with the salt acid elution, under 60 ℃ of agitation conditions, react 6 hours under the normal pressure with the oxide template removal, acid solution is separated with the carbon material of removing template by centrifugation or vacuum filtration method; The carbon material of removing template 120 ℃ of vacuum-dryings 24 hours, promptly get different apertures nanoporous and makes up the composite structure carbon material.
The different apertures of present embodiment nanoporous combination composite structure carbon material is specially micropore 0.7-2nm, little mesopore 2nm-5nm, and macropore 50nm-2 μ m, specific area is 724m
2/ g.
With it is electrode materials, and 6M KOH is an electrolytic solution, is assembled into electrochemical capacitor then, and capacity can reach 190F/g.
Xiao Suangu and chromium chloride and water mix dissolving fully according to weight ratio and form solution I at 1: 1: 16.Ammoniacal liquor, P123 and water mix dissolving fully according to weight ratio and form solution II at 1: 0.5: 30, under 30 ℃ of conditions, above-mentioned two kinds of solution systems are mixed then, the weight ratio of Xiao Suangu and chromium chloride total amount and ammoniacal liquor is 1: 5, Xiao Suangu and chromium chloride form its hydroxide sol in weak base (ammoniacal liquor) effect, the ethanolic soln (resol and alcoholic acid weight ratio are 1: 5) that adds pure dissolubility resol, the adding part by weight of resol and described Cobalt salts and chromic salts is 1: 3, treat that resol is after separating out fully under the water effect, with aqueous solvent and ethanol in 60 ℃ of following evaporative removals (48 hours), just can obtain resol/oxide composite, charing is (700 ℃ in addition, 5 hours, argon gas), removes template, carbonizing production and hydrochloric acid are mixed with weight ratio at 1: 5 with the salt acid elution, under 60 ℃ of agitation conditions, react 6 hours under the normal pressure with the oxide template removal, acid solution is separated with the carbon material of removing template by centrifugation or vacuum filtration method; With the carbon material of removing template 120 ℃ of vacuum-dryings 24 hours, will remove then the template carbon structure further activate (800 ℃, 3 hours, CO
2), promptly get different apertures nanoporous combination composite structure carbon material.
The different apertures of present embodiment nanoporous combination composite structure carbon material is specially micropore 0.7-2nm, big mesopore 10-30nm, and macropore 50nm-2 μ m, specific surface area is 826m
2/ g.
With it is electrode materials, and 6M KOH is an electrolytic solution, is assembled into electrochemical capacitor then, and capacity can reach 230F/g.
Claims (10)
1, the carbon material of the controlled level combination of a kind of nano pole of different scale, it is characterized in that: this material structure is for having micropore, macropore and mesopore, make up formed structure by different scale hole level, have three-dimensional perforation relation mutually, present the class spongy structure at micro-scale, be combined as constitutional features with micropore/mesopore combination or with the controlled level of micropore/macropore, mesopore is the window channel between adjacent macropore, micropore is present on mesopore or the macropore hole wall, and the specific surface area of this carbon material is 500～1000m
2/ g, micropore size is distributed in 0.5～2nm, the mesopore aperture distributes in 4nm to 50nm scope, macropore diameter distributes controlled in 50nm to 2 mu m range, the volume ratio of micropore, mesopore or macropore is controlled, the shared volume ratio of micropore is at 50-70%, and the shared volume ratio of mesopore or macropore is at 30-50%.
2, the carbon material that makes up according to the controlled level of the described nano pole of different scale of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mesopore of this carbon material structure comprises little mesopore and big mesopore, it is controlled to distribute in 2nm to the 5nm scope of little mesopore aperture, and big mesopore aperture distributes in 5nm to 20nm scope.
3, the carbon material that makes up according to the controlled level of the described nano pole of different scale of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the little mesopore controllable aperture of this carbon material is concentrated and is distributed, big mesopore or macropore diameter controlled distribution, little mesopore pore size distribution constant interval is at 2-5nm, big mesopore pore size distribution constant interval is 5nm to 20nm, and macropore diameter changes in distribution interval is 20nm-1 μ m.
4, according to the preparation method of the carbon material of the controlled level of the described nano pole of different scale of claim 1 combination, it is characterized in that: based on the template building-up process, bring out oxide sol template and the directly synthetic colloidal sol of spirit-soluble resin original position separation method/resin base compound system by mating surface promoting agent in the alkaline aqueous solution system, and after continuing charing and activation and removing template procedure, obtain having the carbon material of nanoporous level composite structure; Concrete process is:
(1) with inorganic salt or the organic salt or the compound of alkaline-earth metal or magnesium-yttrium-transition metal, perhaps with the inorganic salt of other alkaline-earth metal or magnesium-yttrium-transition metal or organic salt or total amount of compound and water according to weight ratio 1: (1-100) uniform mixing dissolves the formation solution I fully; Simultaneously with precipitation agent, self-assembly inducer and water according to part by weight (0.1-10): (0.1-10): (1-50) uniform mixing dissolves the formation solution II fully; Wherein the weight ratio of the total amount of the inorganic salt of alkaline-earth metal or magnesium-yttrium-transition metal or organic salt or compound and precipitation agent is 1: (0.1-10); Under 10-100 ℃ of condition of normal pressure, above-mentioned two solution systems are mixed, form its oxyhydroxide or oxide sol by making the inorganic salt of alkaline-earth metal or magnesium-yttrium-transition metal or the metal ion in organic salt or the compound solution under precipitation agent and the effect of self-assembly inducer;
(2) ethanolic soln with spirit-soluble resin adds the sol system that above-mentioned steps obtains, resin and alcoholic acid weight ratio are 1: (1-20), the part by weight of the inorganic salt of resin and alkaline-earth metal or magnesium-yttrium-transition metal or organic salt or compound is 1: (0.1-20), treat that resin is after separating out fully under the effect of precipitation agent water, aqueous solvent and ethanol at 60-80 ℃ of evaporative removal under normal pressure, are promptly prepared resin/oxide complex system;
(3) with resin/oxide complex system charing in inertia or reducing atmosphere earlier, carbonization temperature is at 500-1000 ℃, and carbonization time is 2-6 hour; With carbonizing production and mineral acid with weight ratio 1: (0.1-10) mix, under the normal pressure under 30-90 ℃ of agitation condition reaction 4-6 hour oxide template is removed, separate by centrifugation or vacuum filtration method carbon material acid solution and removal template; Carbon material after the removal template at 60-120 ℃ of following vacuum-drying 1-48 hour, is got final product.
5, according to the preparation method of the carbon material of the controlled level of the described nano pole of different scale of claim 4 combination, it is characterized in that: according to requirement pore size distribution, the carbon material of removing template can be adopted physically activated or the chemical activation method was handled 2-6 hour down at 300-800 ℃, can obtain the carbon material of the controlled nanoporous level composite structure of different scale, pore size distribution.
6, according to the preparation method of the carbon material of the controlled level of the described nano pole of different scale of claim 5 combination, it is characterized in that: the activator of physically activated employing is CO
2, water vapour or air; The activator that chemical activation adopts is KOH, ZnCl
2Or Fe (NO
3)
2, the weight ratio of activator and carbon material is 1: (0.1-5).
7, according to the preparation method of the carbon material of the controlled level of the described nano pole of different scale of claim 4 combination, it is characterized in that the self-assembly inducer comprises segmented copolymer, anion/cation surfacant or nonionic surfactant.
8,, it is characterized in that the inorganic salt of alkaline-earth metal or magnesium-yttrium-transition metal or organic salt or compound comprise: magnesium nitrate, magnesium acetate, calcium chloride, nitrocalcite, zinc chloride, zinc nitrate, copper sulfate, cupric nitrate, nickelous nitrate, nickel acetate, nickelous chloride, single nickel salt, Cobaltous diacetate, Xiao Suangu, iron nitrate, chromium nitrate or potassium permanganate according to the preparation method of the carbon material of the controlled level of the described nano pole of different scale of claim 4 combination.
9, according to the preparation method of the carbon material of the controlled level of the described nano pole of different scale of claim 4 combination, it is characterized in that precipitation agent comprises: ammoniacal liquor, urea, carbonic acid ammonia, yellow soda ash, sodium bicarbonate, salt of wormwood, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
10, according to the application of the carbon material of the controlled level of the described nano pole of different scale of claim 1 combination, it is characterized in that: this carbon material is as electrochemical capacitor electrode material.
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