CN1010489B - Under reaming pile bore excavating bucket and method of its excavation - Google Patents

Abstract

An under reaming pile bore excavating bucket by which an under reamed part of a pile bore is excavated and the excavated soil is moved into the bucket for easy removal of the soil. In use, the bucket is lowered to the bottom of an already excavated straight pile bore; side apertures of the bucket are opened; the slidable wing drill bits are rotated and moved downward and outward along guide rails to excavate an under reamed part. The excavated soil is taken into the bucket through the side apertures and openable bottom apertures. When the drill bits reach their lowermost position, the drill bits are rotated reversely to house the drill bits again into the bucket and lastly the side apertures are closed. The soil within the bucket is raised from the excavated pile bore. In particular, a drive shaft is spline engaged with an outer pipe fixed to the center of the bucket body for allowing the slidable bits to rotate and further move downward or outward.

Description

Under reaming pile bore excavating bucket and method of its excavation

The present invention relates generally to the stake hole bucket that the reaming of a kind of bottom is used and excavate the bottom reaming method partly in stake hole, more particularly relate to a kind of bucket, it can excavate the bottom reaming part in a hole, and can further the earth that digs be put in the bucket, and it is convenient to be unearthed.Bucket specifically comprises a plurality of slidably wing drill bits, and it is contained in the bucket and in the bottom in the straight stake hole of having dug and moves downward along guide rail, and reaches outside the head.

Digging in the pile foundation of building operations, adopt usually and bore local method.As shown in Figure 1, this method is to excavate straight stake hole (H) with rotatable bucket (A), and will the earth that dig out be transported in the hole of digging.Bucket (A) is contained in the foot of jar rod (C), and this jar rod (C) rotatably is hung on the crane (B) by the steel cable of being supported by boom (E) (D), and the drive unit (F) that relies on arm (G) to be supported rotates.Bucket (A) comprises the base plate with many drill bits.When bucket (A) during, the earth that drill bit (A) digs out is put in the bucket (A) by jar rod (C) driven rotary.Load onto the native bucket (A) that digs out and promoted by crane (B), open the base plate of bucket (A), the earth in the dress bucket (A) is laid down.

Simultaneously, as a kind of economic means of doing the basis of stake, the basis of bottom reaming is well-known, and dig out larger-diameter hole in bottom, straight stake hole this moment, and is terminal for the ability to bear that is added in the normal load in the stake to increase stake.

The common bucket that adopts in the above-mentioned brill local method is the mining task that is difficult to finish the bottom reaming.United States Patent (USP) U.S.P4396076 discloses a kind of stake hole bucket that is exclusively used in the bottom reaming, and it mainly comprises an interior pipe that links to each other with drilling rod; The one sliding sleeve outer tube that outside interior pipe, can slide up and down, it accepts and transmits driving force from drilling rod by interior pipe; Three radially are spacedly distributed and are linked to the main drill bit of outer tube lower end, and some tooth are arranged on each drill bit; Three guide rails that are connected with outer tube and extend with the gradient identical with the tapering of waiting to dig out reaming, and three wing drill bits that on guide rail, can slide up and down, they all are arranged in mutual each of above-mentioned three main drill bits at interval and the pole that flexibly connects with outer tube and wing drill bit respectively of three its upper and lower sides etc.During work, inner, outer tube drives, and drives three main drill bits and digs a hole always in advance, and then, when three guide rails were downward, inner, outer tube driving force was dug out the bottom reaming of certain taper at three wing drill bits.

The shortcoming of above-mentioned this bucket is, do not have a bucket body that holds the earth that digs out and water slurry etc. only, and the thing that is dug out will lean on surface pump equipment to be sucked into outside the hole through outer tube and interior pipe inside, and this has obviously increased the difficulty on equipment investment and the operational administrative.At above-mentioned shortcoming, the purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly be exclusively used in the reliable stake hole bucket of equipment simple operations that digs out the bottom reaming, and a kind of method of using this bucket to excavate the bottom reaming in the existing straight stake hole.

For achieving the above object, the stake hole bucket used of bottom reaming provided by the invention comprises: near the bucket body that (a) is formed with side opening its underpart; (b) be contained in the bucket base plate of bucket body bottom,, and be formed with openable bottom outlet, the earth that digs out is taken into the bucket body so that the bucket bottom is opened or closure; (c) be fixed on the bucket body and be positioned at the outer tube of bucket body central authorities; (d) driving shaft that is meshed with outer tube of telescopically makes the rotation of bucket body when adding when excavating moment, and driving axial lower slider when rotating in one direction is when then upwards sliding when the opposing party rotates up; (e) bucket that meshes and be contained on the bucket body with driving shaft covers, and is used for opening when driving a direction rotation at driving shaft the side opening of bucket body, closes side opening when rotation on another direction; (f) a plurality of guide rails that are fixed on the above-mentioned outer tube and become the inclination angle with the outer tube axis; (g) many connecting rods, an end of each connecting rod are all distinguished rotatably and are linked to each other with driving shaft; Reach (h) a plurality of slidably wing drill bits, rotatably link to each other with the other end of every connecting rod respectively, and be contained in slidably on the guide rail, to excavate the bottom reaming part in stake hole with suitable point angle.

In the bucket of said structure, when driving shaft is driven in one direction, at first open the side opening of bucket body, wing then drill bit rotates on same direction with the bucket body and further reaches outwards to move downwards along guide rail and passes side opening, open by the gravity that adds thereon this moment, to excavate the bottom reaming part in stake hole, get the earth that into digs out by side opening and the openable bottom outlet opened; And when driving shaft is driven on other direction, wing drill bit since with the effect of the contacted tongue of driving shaft, along guide rail upwards and inwardly move, and close the side opening of bucket body at last by side opening, bucket that will dress soil promotes.

Moreover to achieve these goals, the method for excavating the bottom reaming part in stake hole provided by the present invention may further comprise the steps; (a) bucket is transferred to the bottom in existing straight stake hole; (b) when bucket arrives the bottom of straight hole, shut the bucket base plate; (c) be rotated in the forward driving shaft and at first open the bucket side opening, driving wing drill bit then rotates with the bucket body, and the wing drill bit that makes rotation moves downward and overhanging along guide rail, by the side opening of opening, excavate the bottom reaming part in a hole, the openable bottom outlet of side opening by the bucket body and the bucket base plate soil that will dig out is taken into the bucket body simultaneously; (d) if wing drill bit arrives its extreme lower position, then the reverse rotation driving shaft makes wing drill bit move upward along guide rail, and inwardly shrink by the side opening of opening, drill bit is put in the bucket body mutually, the soil that will dig out moves to bucket down simultaneously, and by openable bottom outlet the earth that ships is got into bucket; (e) close side opening with the bucket lid; (f) bucket is risen on the ground; And (g) open openable bucket base plate the earth in the bucket body is drawn off outside the bucket.

The feature and the advantage of the stake hole bucket that bottom of the present invention reaming is used will more clearly be commented in following declaratives in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and all each figure are with identical or similar element of same reference number representation or parts, wherein in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is total figure, and expression drives the crane of stake hole bucket, uses the brill local method that is adopted in the explanation building operations;

The horizontal cross of first embodiment of the stake hole bucket that Fig. 2 (A) uses for bottom of the present invention reaming, part is a top view, wherein two protruding buckets of wing drill bit;

Fig. 2 (B) for first embodiment of stake of the present invention hole bucket along the longitudinal sectional view that the II (B) shown in Fig. 2 (A)-II (B) line is got, part is a lateral view, wherein two wing drill bits are protruding from bucket;

Fig. 3 (A) is the horizontal cross of first embodiment of stake of the present invention hole bucket, and part is a top view, and wherein two wing drill bits are contained in the bucket;

Fig. 3 (B) for first embodiment of stake of the present invention hole bucket along the longitudinal sectional view that the III (B) shown in Fig. 3 (A)-III (B) line is got, part is a lateral view, wherein two wing drill bits are contained in the bucket;

Fig. 4 (A) is the top view of first embodiment bucket body that adopts of expression bucket of the present invention;

Fig. 4 (B) for the bucket body that adopted of first embodiment of expression bucket of the present invention along first longitudinal sectional view that the IV (B) shown in Fig. 4 (A)-IV (B) line is got, part is a lateral view;

Fig. 4 (C) for the bucket body that adopted of first embodiment of expression bucket of the present invention along second longitudinal sectional view that the IV (C) shown in Fig. 4 (A)-IV (C) line is got, part is a lateral view;

Fig. 4 (D) is the bottom view of the bucket base plate that adopted of first embodiment of expression bucket of the present invention;

Fig. 5 (A) is the top view of the driving shaft of the wounded in the battle key that adopted of first embodiment of expression bucket of the present invention;

Fig. 5 (B) is the lateral view of the wounded in the battle key driving shaft with a plurality of outer spiral spline tongues that adopted of first embodiment of expression bucket of the present invention;

Fig. 5 (C) is the expanded view of outer tube and driving shaft, and its middle external tube has many helical spline tongue and the grooves (representing with solid line) that form on the side face within it; Driving shaft has the many helical spline tongues (being represented by dotted lines) that form on its outer peripheral face;

The horizontal cross that Fig. 5 (D) concerns for the spline engagement between the inside spin tongue of external spiral tongue and the outer tube of expression driving shaft;

The top view that the bucket that Fig. 6 (A) is adopted for first embodiment that represents bucket of the present invention covers;

The lateral view that the bucket that Fig. 6 (B) is adopted for first embodiment that represents bucket of the present invention covers;

The horizontal cross of second embodiment of the stake hole bucket that Fig. 7 (A) uses for bottom of the present invention reaming, part is a top view, wherein two wing drill bits are protruding from bucket;

Fig. 7 (B) for expression bucket second embodiment of the present invention adopted be contained on the wing drill bit can around the scraper plate that revolves axle rotation along the sectional view that the VII (B) shown in Fig. 7 (A)-VII (B) line is got, part is a lateral view;

The bottom view that is contained in the fixedly scraping blade on the bucket base plate that Fig. 7 (C) is adopted for expression bucket first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 (A) for second embodiment of bucket of the present invention along the longitudinal sectional view that the VIII (A) shown in Fig. 7 (A)-VIII (A) line is got, part is a lateral view, wherein two wing drill bits are stretched from the bucket body;

Fig. 8 (B) is the lateral view of expression bucket second embodiment of the present invention, and wherein two wing drill bits are positioned at the bucket body;

Fig. 8 (C) for second embodiment of bucket of the present invention along the longitudinal sectional view that the VIII (C) shown in Fig. 7 (A)-VIII (C) is got, part is a lateral view, wherein two wing drill bits are stretched from the bucket inside and outside;

Fig. 9 is the local longitudinal sectional view of second embodiment of bucket of the present invention, and part is a lateral view, and submersible position sensitive apparatus of the present invention is housed on it;

Figure 10 (A) is contained in the enlarged side view of the submersible position sensitive apparatus on second embodiment of bucket of the present invention for expression, and part is a sectional view; And

Figure 10 (B) is the amplification vertical view of the submersible position sensitive apparatus shown in Figure 10 (A).

At first, first embodiment of the stake hole bucket of bottom of the present invention reaming being used referring now to accompanying drawing is illustrated.Fig. 2 (A) and the state of 2(B) representing are the protruding states that excavate the bottom reaming part in stake hole of many wing drill bits; Fig. 3 (A) and the state of 3(B) representing are that many wing drill bits are inwardly taken in the state in the bucket; Fig. 4 (A) and 4(B), 4(C) and 4(D) critical piece of expression bucket of the present invention.

Bucket is substantially by cylindrical bucket body (10), the driving shaft of wounded in the battle key (30), and the bucket that can pivot lid (40), conical bucket bottom (50) and two drill bits that can slide (70) are formed.

Be processed with the side opening (12) of two rectangles on the cylindrical surface of circular bucket body (10), can be clear that very much in Fig. 4 (B), the position relation of two side holes is the two ends that are centered close to its diameter with respect to bucket body (10).Two slidably wing drill bits (60) are protruding by two side openings of opening (12), and more detailed situation will be narrated afterwards.

In place near the topmost of cylindrical bucket body (10), the wing drill bit holding components (13) that will have the square-section by welding is fixed on the inner peripheral surface of bucket body (10), and in bucket body (10), stretching along radius, this can be clear that in Fig. 4 (A) very much.In Fig. 4 (A), can also be clear that very much, in this holding components (13), be processed with centre bore and a pair of groove (13a).In the centre bore of holding components (1), will have helical spline tongue (14a) shown in Fig. 5 (D) and the outer tube (14) of groove (14b) is fixed on the holding components (13) by welding, and put in the bucket body (10) along axis.

The stage casing of the outer tube (14) in cylindrical bucket body (10), the outside is welded with square tube (15).On two external surfaces of square tube (15), be fixed with two guide rails (16) respectively by welding with T section, and become suitable skew angle θ with outer tube (14), and stretch downwards and outwards, intersect with the axis of cylindrical bucket body (10) with * style of shape, two slidably wing drill bits (70) shown in Fig. 3 (B) (explanation later on) move up and down or stretch out downwards or upwards regain along these two guide rails.

The driving shaft of wounded in the battle key (30) on its axis direction, rotatably reach can be slidably and telescopically be engaged and enter in the above-mentioned outer tube (14).Describe as Fig. 5 (B), be processed with two flanges spaced apart from each other (31) on the driving shaft of wounded in the battle key (30).In the middle of these two flanges (31), rotatably dispose ring sleeve (32).Rightabout at the external surface upper edge of ring sleeve (32) diameter is fixed two link pins (33) or embedded by welding, can obviously find out in Fig. 5 (A).The driving shaft of wounded in the battle key (30) have the outer tongue (30a) of two spirals and two spiral inside grooves (30b) and, the top (30a) of driving shaft (30) links to each other with jar rod (C).

The bucket lid (40) that can rotate around the axis is made up of bucket lid supporting frame (41) and a pair of arc cylindrical member (42), and two arc parts (42) link to each other at its topmost by supporting frame (41).And, providing the central cannulation (43) of wounded in the battle key (43a) at the center of supporting frame (41), so that can be meshed, in Fig. 6 (A), can obviously find out with the driving shaft (30) of wounded in the battle key.The above-mentioned bucket lid (40) that can rotate around the axis is from the inner rim of top insertion bucket body, and bucket lid supporting frame (41) then is put on the drill bit holding components (13), as Fig. 2 (B) and 3(B).And, after bucket lid supporting frame (41) is placed to above the drill bit holding components (13), block bucket lid supporting frame (41) by a pair of circular arc parts (18), these circular arc parts (18) are contained in bolt nut on the inner peripheral surface at bucket body (10) top (as Fig. 2 (B) and 3(B)), run out in bucket body (10) with the bucket lid (40) that prevents to assemble.When bucket lid (40) sways on a direction (clockwise direction), two side openings of bucket body (10) are opened, but closed when being about to two side openings when swaying with other direction (counter-clockwise direction).In other words, the width of the wide side opening with bucket body (10) of the cylindrical arc of parts (42) is roughly corresponding.

Taper bucket base plate (50) is contained in the bottom of bucket body (10) and can opens or closure, and this can know in Fig. 4 (D) and find out.Base plate (50) is supported by chain chain (53) on the one hand, is then supported by hitch gear on the other hand.In detail, first flap (51) shown in Fig. 4 (C) then be fixed by welding in base plate (50) around.Second flap (52) then is fixed by welding in bucket body (10) near on the inner rim of bottom position.Joint pin (53) is inserted in first and second flap (51) and (52).Thereby base plate (50) can serve as that axle opens or closes with this joint pin (53).

At joint pin (53) along on the position, opposite of diameter hitch gear being housed.Hitch gear is by the control stick (55) that engagement plate-shaped member (56) are arranged at foot, and engaged claw parts (57) and returning spring (58) are formed, and describe as Fig. 4 (C).Control stick (55) rotatably is supported near outside the inner rim of bucket body (10), so that can be from external control, and pulls to a direction by the elastic force of returning spring (58).Engaged claw parts (57) are fixed by welding on the base plate (50).

When bucket body (10) down in the stake hole, thereby the bottom connection in base plate (50) and stake hole touches, base plate (50) beginning is progressively closed.During with this kind connected mode, when bucket body (10) suitably swayed or rotates, base plate (50) can be closed easily.When base plate (50) when closing, the elastic force that engaged claw parts (57) overcome returning spring (58) promotes engaging plate parts (56) in one direction to the position of engagement, i.e. the position returned of plate member (56).On this position, tine (57) is meshed with plate member (56), base plate (50) is locked on the bucket body (10), and, opening base plate (50) when unloading soil, control stick (55) overcomes the power of returning spring (58) and rotates around axle, plate member (56) and tine (57) are thrown off, thereby the available deadweight of base plate (50) is opened downwards.

And, from Fig. 4 (D), can be clear that to be processed with a pair of bottom outlet (59) at base plate (50).These bottom outlets (59) are closed from the inside of bucket body (10) by the cover plate (60) that hinge (61) is supported respectively.Because cover plate (60) is placed on the inside of bucket body (10), these holes (59) are closed usually; To stay in the earth threading bucket body (10) of bottom, hole yet when bucket body (10) rotates in the opposite direction with the side with excavation, these holes might be opened.

Have many brill tooth 74a, 74b, two slidably wing drill bits (70) of 74c are separately fixed on two slide blocks (71) by welding, and this slide block (71) is meshed with T shape guide rail (16), and slidably.And, wing drill bit (70) is connected to the driving shaft (30) of wounded in the battle key by connecting rod (72).One end of connecting rod (72) is supported rotatably that by the pin (33) that is contained on the annulus (32) other end of connecting rod (72) is then also rotatably supported by the pin (74) that is contained on the wing drill bit (70) respectively.And, because in wing drill bit holding components (13), be processed with a pair of groove (13a), and the upper end of every connecting rod (72) is inserted in the groove (13a), so connecting rod (72) can move in groove (13a) when the driving shaft (30) of wounded in the battle key moves up and down connecting rod or inwardly reaches outside motion.

And, shown in Fig. 2 (B) and Fig. 3 (B),, just might effectively wing drill bit be put in the bucket body (10), and it is reached outside the bucket body (10) because guide rail (16) is arranged in bucket body (10) * style of shape.

In this first embodiment, a plurality of subdrilling tooth (71a, 74b, 74c) being fixed by welding in flat wing brill plate (75) goes up to excavate the bottom in stake hole, and each sidetracking tooth (74d, 74e) also is fixed by welding in flat wing brill plate (75) and goes up, describe as Fig. 2 (B) to excavate the bottom reaming part in stake hole.

Referring to Fig. 5 (B), (C) reach (D), the spline engagement between driving shaft of wounded in the battle key (30) and the outer tube (14) will be described further below.

Be processed with the outer tongue (30a) of two spirals and two spiral water jackets (30b) on the driving shaft of wounded in the battle key (30).The angle of outer tongue (30a) is wide to be around wide 105 degree that are about of the angle of spool (30) about 75 degree water jackets (30b).So the angle ratio of tongue and groove is 75 to 105 or 5 to 7.

Be processed with tongue (14a) and two spirality inside grooves (14b) in two spiralitys on the outer tube (14).The angle of interior tongue (14a) is wide to be about 60 degree and wide 120 degree that are about of the angle of inside groove (14b) around outer tube (14).So the angle ratio of tongue and groove is 60 to 120 or 1 to 2.And, shown in the expanded view of Fig. 5 (C), be processed with the step notch portion (14A) of two levels at top, wide 45 degree that are about of its angle near outer tube (14).Because the driving shaft of wounded in the battle key (30) is meshed with outer tube (14) in the spline engagement mode, thus when jar rod C(as shown in Figure 1) driving shaft (30) that drives wounded in the battle key is when turning clockwise, outer tube (14) (bucket body) also turns clockwise.And driving shaft (30) telescopically is inserted in the outer tube (14).

Spline is designed to become common skew angle with the axis direction of driving shaft (30) or outer tube (14).

Skew angle γ can be with drawing in the following simple formula; So that with moment when the driving shaft (30) of wounded in the battle key is sent to outer tube (14), downward power will be offset the frictional force that is produced between driving shaft (30) and the outer tube (14):

R=μ Q or μ=R/Q=tan γ

Q is the normal component of rotatory force P in the formula, and R is a tangential component, and μ is a friction factor.

And bucket body (10) can move upward when rotating if this skew angle is excessive; If too small, driving shaft (30) is slided in outer tube (14) or the bucket body (10).So need suitable angle (14 to 16 degree).When this kind connected, spline was by carbon steel or copper alloy manufacturing.The thrust that nationality helps the weight of jar rod C or adds to jar rod moves downward driving shaft (30).

Because spline engagement is arranged in a manner described, so when the driving shaft (30) of wounded in the battle key is rotated in the forward (when at Fig. 2 (B), 3(B) or 5(B) in when look down at the top, be clockwise direction) to excavate the bottom reamer timesharing in stake hole, external spiral tongue (30a) is meshed (this can be clear that in the expanded view of Fig. 5 (c)) with inner spiral groove (14b), thereby makes outer tube (14) also be rotated in the forward and further drive driving shaft (30) to move downward.

In more detail, when positive direction was rotated, the inclined side (30a-1) of the outer tongue (30a) of driving shaft (30) contacted with the inclined side (14a-1) of interior tongue (14a).Thereby revolving force P can be decomposed into and make normal component Q that outer tube (14) clockwise rotates and the tangential component R that driving shaft (30) is moved downward reposefully itself.Because outer tube (14) is fixed on bucket body (10), the shoveling so wing drill bit (70) turns clockwise.When tangential component R roughly when between the two frictional force equates because driving shaft (30) links to each other with wing drill bit (70) via connecting rod (72) wing drill bit (70) reposefully along guide rail (16) downwards and outwards motion with the diameter of the bottom reaming part that increases the stake hole.

On the other hand, when the driving shaft (30) of wounded in the battle key oppositely (from Fig. 2 (B), 3(B) or 5(B) the top be counter-clockwise direction when looking down) rotation is so that with wing drill bit (70) when mentioning, external spiral tongue (30a) be meshed with inner spiral groove (14b) (in the expanded view of Fig. 5 (C), can be clear that) make outer tube (14) also reverse rotation and further driving driving shaft (30) move upward.

In more detail, when reverse rotation, the inclined side (30a-2) of the outer tongue (30a) of driving shaft (30) contacts with the inclined side (14a-2) of interior tongue (14a).Thereby rotatory force P ' is decomposed into normal component Q ' that makes outer tube (14) counter rotation and the tangential component R ' that driving shaft (30) itself is moved upward reposefully.Because outer tube (14) is fixed on the bucket body (10),, wing drill bit (70) counter-clockwise direction do not cut the earth so rotating.Because driving shaft (30) links to each other with wing drill bit (70) via connecting rod (72),, wing drill bit (70) inwardly is moved into bucket body (10) so upwards reaching reposefully along guide rail (16).

And the lower surface (30a-3) of the outer tongue (30a) of driving shaft (30) is meshed with the step notch portion (14a-4) of the interior tongue (14a) of outer tube (14) side opening (12) is closed when the outer tongue (30a) of driving shaft (30) arrives near tip position.After this, the inclined side (30a-2) of outer tongue (30a) contacts with the inclined side (14a-3) of interior tongue (14a).Yet, when the side (14a-3) of the side (30a-2) that tilts and inclination when contacting, the suitable backstopping assembly (not drawing among the figure) that is fixed on the appropriate location of wing holding components (13) of square-section makes slidably wing drill bit (70) stop motion.

And, when the outer tongue (30a) of driving shaft is closed with the side opening (12) of horizontal bench shape notch portion (14a-4) bucket body (10) when being meshed of the interior tongue (14a) of outer tube (14).Or rather, because wide 45 degree that are about of the angle of side opening (12), so hole (12) begin to close when edge surface (14a-2) at the interior tongue (14a) of position, the top of the edge of outer tongue (30a) arrival notch portion (14a-4) or arrival.

The opening and closing operations of bucket lid (40) will illustrate below.Because on the inner peripheral surface of the central sleeve (43) of bucket lid supporting frame (41), be processed with two interior tongues (43a), (in Fig. 6 (A), can be clear that) and in this tongue be meshed with the water jacket (30b) of driving shaft (30), so when driving shaft (30) rotated, bucket lid (40) also rotated therewith.And bucket lid (40) is placed on supporting frame (13) and upward and by two the circular arc parts (18) that are contained in bucket body (10) topmost is blocked (as Fig. 2 (B) or 3(B)).Even so rotate, bucket lid (40) can not rise and can not descend, and has only with driving shaft (30) and rotate a predetermined angular on either direction.

Herein, should point out to be inserted in two arc spaces that straight end face surrounded by the inner rim of bucket body (10) and wing drill bit holding components (13) because two arc cylindrical members (42) of bucket lid (40) are tops from bucket body (10), the bucket lid can only rotate in above-mentioned arc space, shown in the point-chain-dotted line among Fig. 4 (A).And as Fig. 2 (A) or 2(B), wide 45 degree that are about of the angle of the side opening (12) of bucket body (10).

Referring to Fig. 5 (C), when the outer tongue (30a) of driving shaft (30) was meshed (shown in Fig. 5 (C) dotted line) with the interior tongue (14a) of outer tube (14), bucket covered the side opening (12) that (40) begin to close bucket body (10) again.Yet, when driving shaft (30) is rotated in the forward (being clockwise direction among Fig. 4 A) when excavating the stake hole, side opening (12) is at first opened, the sloping edge face (30a-1) of the outer tongue (30a) of driving shaft (30) contacts with the sloping edge face (14a-1) of the interior tongue (14a) of outer tube (14) then, rotational energy is passed to outer tube (14) by driving shaft (30), promptly pass to bucket body (10).And the angular width poor (45 degree) between outer tongue (30a) (75 degree) and the inside groove (14b) (120 degree) is the idle running angle space that driving shaft (14) drives outer tube (14).

The method and the operating instruction in the stake hole of reaming bottom use bucket of the present invention digs are as follows.

Referring to Fig. 1, at first the common bucket formula delver that has many fixed drill bit with the bottom digs desired depth with a straight stake hole (H).At this moment, common bucket formula delver is hung by jar rod (C), and drilling rod (C) moves up and down it by crane, and the drive unit of being supported by the arm (G) that is contained on the crane (B) drives its rotation.Dug desired depth as straight stake hole (H), then common bucket formula delver has been risen to the outside, and change bucket of the present invention into.This moment, the driving shaft of wounded in the battle key was raised to its extreme higher position, and Gu Wadougai (40) closes, and two wing drill bit bore (70) are contained in the bucket (10), as Fig. 3 (A) and 3(B).The top (30A) of the driving shaft of wounded in the battle key (30) links to each other with the lower end of jar rod (C).Bucket is hung in the bottom in straight stake hole by crane.At this moment, even taper bucket plate (50) is opened, but after bucket puts down, base plate (50) is just closed automatically, and this is because hitch gear (56) and (57) are housed in the bottom of bucket body (10).

When the driving shaft (30) of wounded in the battle key sees that from Fig. 3 (A) clockwise direction (forward) rotates, the bottom face (30a-3) of the outer tongue (30a) of driving shaft (30) slides on the horizontal bench shape notch portion (14a-4) of interior tongue (14a) of outer tube (14), open the side opening (12) of bucket body (10), and the inclined side end face (30a-1) of driving shaft (30) contact with the inclined side end face (14a-1) of the interior tongue (14a) of outer tube (14) (shown in Fig. 5 (C)).In this operating period, because driving shaft (30) clockwise direction rotating excavating bucket lid (40) simultaneously contacts (seeing Fig. 4 (A)) with an end face of supporting frame (13) up to the lateral edges of arc cylindrical member (42), open so covered the side opening (12) of (40) closing by bucket.

When driving shaft (30) when further rotating, because through spline engagement normal component Q is added to outer tube (14), so driving shaft (30) rotates outer tube (40) and bucket body (10) from driving shaft (30).Simultaneously, because except that the frictional force that produces between driving shaft (30) and the outer tube (14), also producing tangential component R, so driving shaft itself slips into outer tube (14) downwards.In other words, in rotating excavating bucket body (10), the driving shaft of wounded in the battle key (30) telescopically enters outer tube (14).

When driving shaft (30) when moving downward, two slidably wing drill bits (70) along guide rail (16) gradually outwards and downwards and to excavate the bottom reaming part in stake hole.It is that directly the side opening (12) by bucket body (10) enters that the soil that digs out enters in the bucket body (10), perhaps force the cover plate (16) that is contained on the base plate (50) with hinge to be opened internally, the bottom outlet (59) by conical bottom board (50) enters.When wing drill bit (70) slides into its lowest positions always, remove straight stake hole outer bottom reaming part and dig fully.

After having dug, the driving shaft of wounded in the battle key (30) counter-clockwise direction is rotated (backward rotation), and slidably wing drill bit (70) upwards and is inwardly moved.Referring to Fig. 5 (C), the side end face (30a-2) of the wounded in the battle key of the outer tongue (30a) of driving shaft (30) contacts with the side end face (14a-2) of the wounded in the battle key of the interior tongue (14a) of outer tube (14).In this operating period, driving shaft (30) is idle running.

When driving shaft (30) further counter-clockwise direction rotate, and when by jar rod it being moved upward, driving shaft (30) is drawn back from outer tube (14) immediately.So two slidably wing drill bits (70) along guide rail (16) gradually inwardly and move upward enter in the bucket body (10).When rundown, the lower surface (30a-3) of the outer tongue (30a) of driving shaft (30) is meshed with the horizontal bench shape notch portion (14a-4) of the interior tongue (14a) of outer tube (14), and driving shaft (30) further counter-clockwise direction rotation contacts with the inclined side end face (14a-3) of interior tongue (14a) up to the inclined side end face (30a-2) of outer tongue (30a), and the side opening (12) of bucket body (10) is closed.Driving shaft (30) simultaneously counter-clockwise direction rotating excavating bucket lid (40) up to the lateral edges of arc cylindrical member (42) and (seeing Fig. 4 (A)) till supporting frame (13) contacts.

After this, will comprise the bucket body (10) that digs out earth hangs up and transports on the dump truck in the stake hole.Control diagram 4(C) control stick shown in unclamps hitch gear, and conical bottom board (50) is opened, and earth is discharged in the compartment in bucket body (10).

Referring to Fig. 7 (A), (B), (C) and Fig. 8 (A), (B), (C), bottom of the present invention reaming will illustrate below with second embodiment of stake hole bucket.The slidably wing drill bit of plow-shape that provides two to have the scraper plate that can rotate around the axis respectively is provided second embodiment, and further loads onto fixedly scraper plate on the bucket base plate, so that scrape and collect the earth that digs out easily.

Can be clear that in Fig. 8 (A) slidably wing drill bit (100) includes a plow-shape drill bit plate (101) and is fixed on the slide block (71), slide block (71) is meshed with T shape guide rail (16) and slidably.The one generally flat back side (101a) is arranged, the bottom surface (101C) of a lateral surface of an arch (101b) and an arch on the drill bit plate (101).So might catch effectively in the earth that digs out and the bucket body (10) of further packing into by the hole (12) of opening when bucket body (10) puts down the bottom reamer timesharing of digging a hole.

Tooth (74a) is bored in a plurality of bottoms, and (74b), (74c), (74d) are fixed by welding on the arch bottom surface (101c), so that dig the bottom in a hole.A plurality of sidetracking teeth (74d), (74e) also are fixed by welding on the arch lateral surface (101b), so that dig the bottom reaming part in a hole.

When slidably wing drill bit (100) was down to its extreme lower position, the lowest edge of bottom surface (101c) was aimed at the extended line of the conical surface of bucket base plate (50).

Though in Fig. 8 (A), see very unclearly,, between bottom surface (101C) and plow-shape drill bit plate (101) back side (101a), the scraper plate (102) that can rotate around the axis be housed as Fig. 7 (B) and 8(C).Scraper plate (102) is rotatably supported by the pin (103) that is fixed on the scraper plate (104).Moreover the reference number (105) in Fig. 7 (B) is the scraper plate baffle plate.

When wing drill bit (100) clockwise direction rotates when digging hole, scraper plate (102) rotates around axially going up, and as putting in order shown in the line of Fig. 7 (B), does not hinder and bores tooth (74a), the shoveling of (74b).Yet, when wing drill bit (100) beginning counter rotation, when promoting bucket body (10), scraper plate (102) pivots downwards, shown in solid line, and contact with scraper plate baffle plate (105), the earth or the mud that dig out on the extreme lower position with the inherent bucket body in stake hole that excavated are at that time scraped up.The earth that scrapes enters bucket body (10) by the bottom outlet (59) in bucket base plate (50).

In this second embodiment, additional fixedly scraper plate (110) is housed, shown in Fig. 7 (C) on the external surface of bucket base plate (50).Fixedly scraper plate at circumferentially extending along the open edge of bottom outlet (59).Thereby the soil that mobilizable scraper plate (102) will dig out downwards scrapes the center of base plate (50), and further makes the earth that scrapes enter bucket body (10) by means of fixing scraper plate (110) by bottom outlet (59).

Moreover, in this second embodiment, shown in Fig. 8 (B), on the face of cylinder of bucket body (10), be processed with many circular windows so that will do away by the water or the mud at this place.And, wire lath (21) only is housed, because may there be silt in the bottom of the close bucket body (10) in this place on minimum window (20a).

Architectural feature and the kinetic energy effect of second embodiment is all identical with first embodiment that narrates previously basically in addition to remove above-mentioned situation, believes to there is no need to add detailed description again.Keep reference number for the same parts that identical function is arranged.

In addition, the stake hole bucket that bottom of the present invention reaming is used in building operations both can be used for the drilled dry local method and also can be used for the wet local method of boring.

Bore in the local method wet, be filled with water or mud in the stake hole of digging out, promptly bucket rotates under water.So can not determine that whether slidably wing drill bit is down to extreme lower position.In other words, whether the bottom reaming part that promptly can not distinguish needed stake hole digs fully.In order to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, use limit switch in the submersible entry or position sensor usually so that detect the situation that delver digs the stake hole desired depth.Whether the signal that switch or sensor detected is delivered to and is equipped in ground checkout gear and should promotes so that indicate delver.

Switch or sensor aspect in the submersible entry of the former position that is used for detecting the submerged digging device, because these switches or sensor are worked under water, so as between the electric parts of switch or sensor and switch and the ground detection be connected lead, particularly mechanical connecting part need can waterproof, anti-ly press, durable in use.

In order to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, in bucket of the present invention, the simple mechanical type position sensitive apparatus that uses float is housed on bucket.In this device, after digging the bottom reaming part in stake hole fully, bucket from sensor, float is put into the water surface, so that make the operator can distinguish that excavation finishes.

Referring to Fig. 9 and Figure 10 (A), (B), float-type position sensitive apparatus of the present invention will be illustrated below.Position sensitive apparatus is contained on the slidably wing drill bit holding components (13), and is handled by the float release pin (33A) that is embedded into link pin (33), as shown in Figure 9.

Sensor (150) is roughly by the float cabin (151) that float wherein is housed, and float holding plate (153) and holding plate releasing parts (154) are formed.This mechanism is further specified referring to Figure 10 (A).

Float (152) is cylindrical rocket type, includes three vertical tail,s (152a).This float (152) is encapsulated in the float cabin (151) on the ground.Float cabin (151) comprises three side openings (151a) so that water or mud are introduced in the cabin.The float (152) that always is subjected to upwards buoyancy in water or in the mud forces it to rest in the cabin by float holding plate (153).First (153a) that holding plate (153) is supported by two first vertical panels (155) on the topmost external surface that is fixed on float cabin (151) rotatably supports.The reinforcing of first spring (153b) clockwise direction is in this holding plate (153).And on the external surface of float cabin (151), being fixed with second vertical panel (156), this plate is parallel with first vertical panel (155).On second vertical panel (156), be processed with a plurality of spring eyes (156a) of circular arc, thereby the spring eye of first spring (153b) end be housed, just can adjust the elastomeric spring power that is added on the holding plate (153) by suitable selection.An end of holding plate (153) reaches the top of float (152) as shown in the figure, pushes down float when float floats up.

Holding plate releasing parts (154) is also rotatably supported by second (154a) being supported near first two first vertical panels (155).The reinforcing of second spring (154b) counter-clockwise direction is in holding plate releasing parts (154).This releasing parts (154) comprises that the locking end (154c) that is meshed with the other end of float holding plate (153) reaches the arm (154d) that the float release pin (33A) interior with being embedded in link pin (33) is meshed.Moreover an end hook of second spring (154b) is on the position, an end of releasing parts (154).Moreover the other end of second spring (154b) is fixed on the spring part (157) on the external surface that is contained in float cabin (151).Mean the backing pin that blocks the releasing parts (154) that is subjected to the counterclockwise power effect of second spring (154b) at the reference number (154e) shown in Figure 10 (A).

The work of position sensitive apparatus (150) will illustrate below.When having buoyancy on the ground the time, bucket do not produce.So float (152) can be put into float cabin (151) in advance.After float being put into float cabin (151), the operator rotates float holding plate (153) so that make holding plate (153) push down the top of float cabin (151) with the elastic force counter-clockwise direction that hand overcomes first spring (156a).At this moment, because releasing parts (154) is subjected to the counterclockwise active force of second spring (154b), so releasing parts (154) is automatically with holding plate (153) pinning, shown in the solid line of Figure 10 (A).Releasing parts this moment (154) is by backing pin (154e) institute backstop.

Then, bucket is transferred in the straight stake hole, to excavate the bottom reaming part in stake hole.Slide into lowest part as two wing drill bits (70), because the float release pin (33A) that embeds in the link pin (33) contacts with releasing parts (154), and further overcome the elastic force of second spring (154b), clockwise direction rotates releasing parts (154), so holding member (153) is decontroled.Thereby the elastic force of first spring (153b) rotates holding member (153) clockwise direction, shown in the point-chain-dotted line among Figure 10 (A), because buoyancy climbs up on top of the water up float.After seeing float on the water surface, the operator just knows that wing drill bit (70) has arrived the bottom, can rise to bucket on the ground.

In the above description, position sensitive apparatus can be arranged to when two wing drill bits arrive its extreme lower position, can emit float.And might measure the centre position that two wing drill bits arrive the UR stroke.Can use deep float cabin this moment.Moreover, in order to detect a plurality of strokes of wing drill bit, also be possible for bucket provides a plurality of position sensitive apparatus.

As mentioned above, in the stake hole bucket that bottom of the present invention reaming is used because slidably wing drill bit is contained in the bucket body, and be arranged to and outwards move along downward the reaching of guide rail, to excavate the bottom reaming part in stake hole, and because being processed with lateral orifices in the bucket body also can synchronously open or close with the slip of drill bit, so might use this bucket to excavate the reaming part of the bottom in stake hole.

Moreover, because below drill bit, provide the scraper plate that can rotate around the axis, when the drill bit backward rotation, can work, and because on the bucket base plate, also be further provided with fixedly scraper plate, so that effectively the earth that digs out is put into the bucket body by openable bottom outlet, thus there is weak point effectively the earth that digs out to be put into the bucket body, so that from the stake hole of digging, take out earth.

Moreover, because the extreme lower position of the mechanical location sensor of float-type with the mensuration drill bit is housed on bucket, so might improve the reliability and the durability of sensor.

The explanation of front is by to most preferred embodiment of the present invention, make the ordinary skill of those these specialties will be appreciated that the present invention, wherein under the situation of the spirit and scope that do not depart from invention, various changes can be made or change, as attached all claims are described.

Claims (13)

1, the stake hole bucket used of a kind of bottom reaming, comprise one be positioned on its central axis and be applied in the driving shaft 30 and that excavates moment and can make the outer tube 14 that above-mentioned driving shaft 30 is scalable therein and can rotate along either direction with above-mentioned driving shaft 30, it is characterized in that it also comprises:

(a) one and above-mentioned outer tube 14 be fixedly linked and near its underpart, be formed with the bucket body 10 of side opening 12, when on driving shaft 30, being added with moment, make described bucket body 10 rotations by described outer tube 14, when driving shaft 30 rotation to lower slider, and when to another direction rotation, then upwards slide, during described driving shaft 30 was in a precalculated position with respect to described outer tube 14, described driving shaft 30 rotated but described outer tube 14 is not applied moment;

(b) a packaged bucket base plate 50 on described bucket body 10 bottoms so that the bottom is opened or closed, and is formed with openable bottom outlet 59, when described bucket body 10 rotates, the earth that digs out is taken in the described bucket body 10;

(c) one with 30 engagements of described driving shaft and with described driving shaft 30 rotations and be contained in bucket lid 40 on the described bucket body 10, be used for during described driving shaft 30 is in described precalculated position, when rotating in one direction by driving shaft 30 drives, open the side opening 12 of described bucket body 10, and when on another direction, rotating, close its side opening 12;

(d) one be fixed on the described outer tube 14 and become the many guide rails 16 at angle of slope with the axis of described outer tube 14;

(e) many connecting rods 72, an end of every described connecting rod rotatably links to each other with described driving shaft 30 respectively; And

(f) a plurality of slidably wing drill bits 70 rotatably link to each other with the other end of every described connecting rod 72 respectively, and are contained in slidably on the described guide rail 16 with suitable point angle, so that excavate the bottom reaming part in stake hole.

2, the stake hole bucket used of bottom reaming as claimed in claim 1, wherein said driving shaft 30 is a spline engagement with described outer tube 14, be processed with the outer tongue 30a of a plurality of spirals and a plurality of spiral water jacket 30b on the external surface of described driving shaft 30, and be processed with tongue 14a and a plurality of spiral inside groove 14b in a plurality of spirals on the inner surface of described outer tube 14, so that be meshing with each other, spline tongue and spline are with respect to suitable skew angle of axis inclination of described driving shaft 30 or described outer tube 14.

3, the stake hole bucket used of bottom reaming as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the described outer tube 14 close interior tongue 14a on its top, be processed with the step notch portion 14a-4 of level, be used to make described driving shaft 30 rotations and can not apply moment described outer tube 14.

4, the stake hole bucket used of bottom reaming as claimed in claim 2, the angle of the outer tongue 30a of the spiral of wherein said driving shaft 30 is wide be the angle of spiral water jacket 30b of described driving shaft 30 wide 5/7ths, and the angle of the interior tongue of the spiral of outer tube 14 wide be wide half of the angle of spiral inside groove 14b of described outer tube 14.

5, the stake hole bucket used of bottom reaming as claimed in claim 3, wherein the angle of horizontal bench shape notch portion 14a-4 is wide is wide half of the angle of interior tongue 14a of described outer tube 14.

6, the stake hole bucket used of bottom reaming as claimed in claim 2, the spiral tongue 30a of wherein said driving shaft 30 and described outer tube 14,14a and helicla flute 30b, 14b is about 14 to 16 degree with respect to the skew angle of the axis of described driving shaft 30 or described outer tube 14.

7, the stake hole bucket used of bottom reaming as claimed in claim 2, wherein said bucket lid 40 is processed with the central splined hole 43a that can be meshed with described driving shaft 30.

8, the stake hole bucket used of bottom reaming as claimed in claim 1, wherein said slidably wing drill bit 70 comprises the back side 101a with approximate horizontal, arch lateral surface 101b and arch bottom surface 101c, so as to accomplish the soil that digs out caught and further the side opening 12 by described bucket body 10 be transported in the bucket body, tooth 74a, 74b, 74c are bored in a plurality of bottoms that are fixed on the arch bottom surface, in order to excavate the bottom in stake hole, and be fixed on a plurality of sidetracking tooth 74a on the arch lateral surface, 74e is in order to excavate the bottom reaming part in stake hole.

9, the stake hole bucket used of bottom reaming as claimed in claim 1, on the wherein said slidably wing drill bit 70 scraper plate 102 that can pivot is housed, when described bucket body 10 does not excavate the bottom reamer timesharing in a hole with other direction rotation, scrape the below of described bucket body 10 in order to the earth that will dig out.

10, the stake hole bucket used of bottom reaming as claimed in claim 1, the fixedly scraper plate 110 that is radially extending at described base plate 50 is housed, so that the earth that digs out of described bucket body 10 belows is transported in the bucket body 10 by openable bottom outlet 59 on the wherein said bucket base plate 50.

11, the stake hole bucket used of bottom reaming as claimed in claim 1 is processed with a plurality of bulleye windows hole 20, so that water or the mud in the described bucket body 10 are excreted on the cylindrical surface of wherein said bucket body 10.

12, the stake hole bucket used of bottom reaming as claimed in claim 11 wherein is stamped a net 21 on the minimum bulleye window hole 20a that forms near described bucket body 10 bottoms.

13, the stake hole bucket of using as arbitrary described bottom reaming in the claim 1 to 12, wherein said precalculated position are meant that described driving shaft 30 is with respect to the relative position of described outer tube 14 when described wing drill bit 70 is in them with respect to the extreme higher position of bucket body 10.

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