CN101045901A - Coupled methane tank - Google Patents
Coupled methane tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN101045901A CN101045901A CNA2007100270462A CN200710027046A CN101045901A CN 101045901 A CN101045901 A CN 101045901A CN A2007100270462 A CNA2007100270462 A CN A2007100270462A CN 200710027046 A CN200710027046 A CN 200710027046A CN 101045901 A CN101045901 A CN 101045901A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The present invention relates to methane generating apparatus and sewage treating technology, and is especially one kind of coupled methane tank capable of treating great amount of domestic garbage to produce methane through complete degradation. Structurally, the coupled methane tank includes one feeding tank with gas outlet, two or more fermenting tanks, one discharging tank and connecting pipeline to form liquid flow passage. Through stage-by-stage reaction in the fermenting tanks, the present invention produces methane.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biogas generation device and sewage treatment area, a kind of vast capacity that has of saying so more specifically can provide a large amount of biogas and carry out the coupled methane tank that sanitary sewage, ight soil etc. are handled simultaneously.
Technical background
Biogas is a kind of inflammable gas, in China Rural areas is to utilize organism such as human and animal excreta, under anaerobic, the inflammable gas that produces by microorganism energy metabolism and respiration in the methane-generating pit.5 mouthfuls of people of common farmers' normally deposit and support 4 pigs, 1 ox, and the human and animal excreta of year discharging can produce 810-950m3 biogas by theory calculating every year, and deduction ight soil scatters and disappears and the biogas fermentation pressure-losses, and reality can be utilized biogas 500-550m3.Prior art mainly realizes utilization to biogas by methane-generating pit, adopts methane-generating pit also to have numerous advantages except making full use of expense.Human and animal excreta can be killed colonizing in the bacillary pathogeny of human and animal excreta, viral pathogeny, parasitics pathogeny and the sedimentation of mosquitos and flies worm's ovum after dropping into the methane-generating pit fermentation effectively.Under the methane-generating pit air tight condition, the inert substance that discharges is breathed in the metabolism of microbiological degradation matter and energy can be in pond internal recycle utilization, the environmental pollution that does not exist the stack retting method to produce; Waste material after human and animal excreta ferments through methane-generating pit can be directly used in crop fertilizer, breeds fish, feeds pigs, soaks seed or directly enter the river, does not produce secondary pollution; Biogas is used in the rural area, can also reduce traditional cooking smoke fire effectively and burn diseases such as the pink eye disease brought, asthma.
China's rural area existing methane pool still adopts stand-alone configuration, generally is the methane-generating pit in a family, and such methane tank gas production amount is low, generally all about 100 cubes.The deficiency that has following several respects: can not satisfy the biogas demand of peasant household on the one hand, the amount of the life fermentation raw material of existing peasant household has substantially exceeded the ability that traditional methane tank can be born, if the farm of some raise livestocks, need to build a plurality of methane-generating pits or even tens so and just can satisfy the demands.Organism such as human and animal excreta and sanitary wastewater etc. can not be handled fully on the other hand, can not be realized final bacillary pathogeny, viral pathogeny, parasitics pathogeny and mosquitos and flies worm's ovum are carried out sedimentation kill.And often when handling these waste materials, can cause the recurrence of above-mentioned bacterium or pathogeny, so present biomass pool structure does not have the ability of sewage waste disposal.Be exactly to be inconvenient to manage in addition, a plurality of independently methane-generating pits are managed independently respectively, have increased management costs greatly, and security reduces, and builds methane-generating pit in a large number and wasted land resources.In order to try to achieve large vol, general mode is the volume increase with existing independently methane-generating pit, and because methane-generating pit is to adopt embedded structure, therefore need deep-cut.And because the restriction of geologic condition, having caused the difficulty of deep-cutting, the cost of dark more construction is high more, thereby has limited the expansion of methane-generating pit capacity.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, provide a kind of and can handle a large amount of life fermentation raw materials, produce a large amount of biogas, the coupled methane tank that can degrade fully to sanitary wastewater, fermentation raw material.
A kind of coupled methane tank of the present invention's design comprises on the structure at least: the charging pond, and material-output tank and two or more fermentation vat, the fermentation vat top is provided with the air outlet; The fermentation vat bottom is interconnected, and the charging pond is communicated with one of them fermentation vat by feed-pipe, and material-output tank is communicated with another fermentation vat by discharge nozzle, and charging pond, fermentation vat and material-output tank form the liquid communication passage.Principle of the present invention is that jumbo fermentation vat is resolved into some fermentation vats that interconnect low capacity, fermentation vat is interconnected and forms the fluid passage of an one-way flow between charging pond and material-output tank: the discharge port of upper level fermentation vat is connected with the opening for feed of next stage fermentation vat, mix fermented feed liquid afterwards by ight soil and sanitary wastewater and enter methane-generating pit by the charging pond, the fermentation vats at different levels of flowing through react step by step, produce biogas, discharge by material-output tank at last.Structure of the present invention has overcome deficiency of the prior art, at first the biomass pool structure capacity of the present invention's design is big, the capacity of each fermentation vat is probably about 100 cubes, a plurality of fermentation vats are coupled together total volume just can reach hundreds of cube or even thousands of cubical capacity easily, can satisfy the demand on existing large-scale farm fully.Secondly, fermented feed liquid reacts between fermentation vat step by step, enter first fermentation vat from the charging pond and play through last fermentation vat and discharge by material-output tank, fermented feed liquid has passed through long-time, multistage anaerobic reaction, very abundant to the degraded of fermented feed liquid.Can kill colonizing in the bacillary pathogeny of human and animal excreta, viral pathogeny, parasitics pathogeny and the sedimentation of mosquitos and flies worm's ovum effectively, the surplus products of final reaction are essentially water, can be directly used in irrigation, realize that collection produces the effect of biogas and life waste material, wastewater treatment one.Another advantage of the present invention is that the land occupation resource is few, stand-alone configuration with respect to existing one pond, a family, the present invention can the shared large-scale coupled methane tank in several families, only need a charging pond and material-output tank, or some small-sized charging ponds and a material-output tank, saved the area of methane-generating pit land occupation greatly.And the methane-generating pit height is lower, need not the soil is deep-cut, and has protected Soil structure on the one hand, has reduced the cost and the difficulty of building on the other hand, helps promoting on a large scale in the rural area.
The mode that connects between the fermentation vat of the present invention's design is the mode that series, parallel, annular connection, Y-connection or above mode of connection combine.The design can select different mode of connection according to the geographical conditions of concrete construction methane-generating pit.Generally be to adopt placed in-line mode to have best sanitary wastewater, waste disposal effect, other mode of connection has the advantages that capacity is big, adapt to actual rustic home arrangement architecture, therefore take all factors into consideration the distribution in fermented feed liquid source and the characteristics of ferment effect, also can adopt the bonded mode of connection, the house distributed architecture that the design can the flexible adaptation Rural areas.
Because the present invention is a kind of jumbo methane-generating pit, the biogas amount of its generation is more than the hundreds of cube at least, or even thousands of cubes, the user generally can not exhaust.Excessive for fear of the fermentation vat internal pressure, and continue to employ a large amount of spaces and be used to hold more fermentation raw material, the present invention also is provided with the accumulator unit that connects fermentation vat gas storage mouth.When producing superfluous biogas in the fermentation vat, can with its dump in accumulator unit, from accumulator unit, take out again when waiting the user to need and use.The accumulator unit structure that the present invention establishes comprises gas storage pond that a top is communicated with fermentation vat gas storage mouth and the hydraulic pressure pond that is communicated with bottom, gas storage pond.When using, certain water of packing in the hydraulic pressure pond of accumulator unit is used for sealing.When the gas storage pond had biogas to enter, the pond internal gas pressure rose, and according to the principle of communicating pipe, the water surface in the hydraulic pressure pond will rise according to the size of pressure.During biogas in the user uses a certain amount of gas storage pond, the pond internal gas pressure descends, and the water surface the hydraulic pressure pond in is decline thereupon also.The internal pressure that can regulate accumulator unit voluntarily by such gas storage structure, and bigger burning air pressure is provided can for user's biogas burner, can be owing to biogas pressure is crossed the low difficulty that causes using.For large-scale methane-generating pit, produce a large amount of residue biogas, therefore can be provided with two or more gas storage pond, the gas storage pond is interconnected between the bottom.The simplest structure is to adopt the hydraulic type structure, i.e. the gas storage pond of hydraulic pressure pond and one or more bottom connection constitutes, and the top in gas storage pond is communicated with other fermentation vats.In the process of using, then become the structure in a hydraulic type gas storage pond like this, in the hydraulic pressure pond, pour into the hydraulic pressure pond that an amount of water then becomes accumulator unit.She Ji benefit is to need not to adopt specially designed accumulator unit like this, can in building a plurality of fermentation vats, select wherein one or more as the gas storage pond, simple in structure, build very convenient, need not to teach again the workman how to build accumulator unit, and the maintenance of accumulator unit is the same with methane-generating pit basically.
Constructional feature is between charging of the present invention pond, fermentation vat and the material-output tank: the inboard volume summation in top is that the pass of the volume B, feed-pipe of volume A, the material-output tank in V and the charging pond partial volume C at the bottom of from fermentation vat top horizontal plane to the charging pond is from feed-pipe mouth of pipe horizontal plane to fermentation vat in the fermentation vat: (A+B+C) * and 0.92≤V≤(A+B+C) * 1.08.
Existing methane-generating pit is in the process of using, and fermentation vat is full of inflammable gas at biogas air mixed air chamber of the inner formation in top, pond.If the pressure of biogas air chamber is too little or equate with the external world, opening when the air outlet uses biogas, cause easily fire is introduced in the pond so, light inflammable gas in the pond, set off an explosion, there is very big dangerous hidden danger.Owing to methane-generating pit self bears pressure certain limit is arranged also on the other hand, if the excessive pond cubical expansion that also can cause of air pressure inside is broken.So must be no more than the pressure that methane-generating pit self can bear by strict maximum volume and the pressure of controlling the biogas air chamber that forms.
Based on above-mentioned 2 requirements, the present invention requires the upper end of the feed-pipe mouth of pipe in all fermentation vats horizontal plane must be equal to the volume of the volume in charging pond, material-output tank, the feed-pipe partial volume sum at the bottom of from fermentation vat top horizontal plane to the charging pond to the inboard volume summation in fermentation vat top, and error is no more than positive and negative 8 percent.First purpose is to realize the equivalent transposition calculating of biogas air chamber and fermented feed liquid, then discharges the fermented feed liquid of how many equal volume when producing great biogas air chamber.Because the big or small of air chamber constantly changes in the process of using, adopt this method then can calculate dynamic air chamber, tolerance and peasant household simply and easily with parameters such as pond sizes, can strictly control the peak pressure that methane-generating pit can bear.This structure employing hydraulic pressure is kept the interior biogas air chamber of fermentation vat and is had certain air pressure.In the process of using, when forming the biogas air chamber in the fermentation vat, air pressure makes the liquid level rising of charging pond and material-output tank be higher than liquid level in the fermentation vat, makes the biogas air chamber have certain air pressure.When opening the air outlet, the air pressure of air chamber makes extraneous air and flame can't enter air chamber, then can not cause the dangerous consequences of igniting.
The position of charging of the present invention pond and material-output tank all is not less than the fermentation vat top, in use can continue to keep hydraulic pressure.And the position in charging pond is not less than material-output tank, so can facilitate fermented feed liquid to flow to material-output tank from the charging pond.Hold flatly with fermentation vat at the bottom of the pond of material-output tank, can judge when feeding intake first whether the fermented feed liquid in the fermentation vat is full of whole fermentation vat.Can avoid in fermentation vat, forming the air air chamber, cause the contact surface of fermented feed liquid and air air chamber to form slagging scorification, or even crust.
Air chamber in the fermentation vat of the present invention is the pure biogas air chamber according to the hydraulic pressure dynamic change volume of charging pond and material-output tank, utilizes the air pressure that variation produced of biogas air chamber volume, and the fermentation slag charge bottom the fermented feed liquid is extruded step by step by discharge nozzle.Existing methane pool also has the principle that adopts air chamber pressure, but because the structure of methane-generating pit is different fully, so the effect that causes is also different.For maintaining easily, the slag-drip opening of existing methane pool is very big, and the height in deslagging pond and fermentation vat maintain an equal level, and the insufficient pressure that has caused the air chamber that forms is to be used for deslagging.And the present invention may further comprise the steps when using:
Till at first injecting fermented feed liquid to fermented feed liquid and overflow at the bottom of the material-output tank pond at least, close the air outlet then, make fermented feed liquid under bacteriological action, carry out the anaerobic reaction and produce biogas from the charging pond.All design a stable air or gas mixture air chamber in the prior art in the use of all methane-generating pits, because the air in the air air chamber is to the oxidation and the acidification of fermented feed liquid, cause fermented feed liquid liquid level upper strata formation crust layer in the methane-generating pit, and cause the water surface slagging scorification of methane-generating pit fermented feed liquid, cause scrapping of methane-generating pit in the course of time.Design of the present invention has broken through this design concept of present methane-generating pit, has introduced brand-new dynamic air chamber notion.Fermented feed liquid all is immersed in the water all the time, and the reaction that fermented feed liquid is produced is mainly the anaerobic reaction.The air chamber that produces is pure biogas air chamber, makes fermented feed liquid fully fermentation in water, has stopped the necessary condition of water surface slagging scorification, has solved all insurmountable this difficult problem in present all methane-generating pit design and use.Because fermented feed liquid can fully ferment in the pond, so the concentration of fermented feed liquid can be very high, even reach more than 40%, and the standard of existing methane-generating pit fermentation concentration can only be about 8%, otherwise can produce incrustive danger.Peasant household will carry out the allotment of fermented feed liquid in using the existing methane pool process, very trouble.And the present invention is in use as long as directly directly pour fermented materials such as ight soil straw into.
Reacted fermentation slag charge proportion sinks to greatly at the bottom of the pond, and biogas rises to the methane-generating pit top and forms pure biogas air chamber.Owing to all be full of fermented feed liquid in the original methane-generating pit, so inevitable discharge section fermented feed liquid when forming the biogas air chamber.Because the height in charging pond is not less than material-output tank, under the action of air pressure of pure biogas air chamber, the fermented feed liquid liquid level descends, and the fermentation slag charge at the bottom of the pond is discharged from material-output tank through discharge nozzle, also has the small part fermented feed liquid to discharge the hydraulic pressure that forms with gas chamber pressure balance from material-output tank.Along with constantly carrying out of fermentation reaction, the biogas air chamber of formation constantly increases, and the pressure in the methane-generating pit also constantly rises.Then no longer increase when air chamber expands in the fermentation vat feed-pipe mouth of pipe upper end to, the biogas that continues to produce will be overflowed by feed-pipe.Also be that the air chamber pressure of this moment has reached ultimate value this moment, and to be no more than the peak pressure that methane-generating pit can bear also be the emphasis of methane-generating pit design so control this ultimate value.The gas volume that produces according to the present invention and the liquid volume equivalent Transposition Principle of discharge, can easily calculate and design dynamic air chamber, tolerance and peasant household parameters such as pond size, in conjunction with the height of the liquid of discharging, can calculate and design the internal gas pressure of the maximum of methane-generating pit.
Further comprising the steps of in the process of using:
When producing biogas, because the biogas air chamber has certain pressure, biogas is pressed out to accumulator unit from the gas storage gas port.During use, open the air outlet, biogas sprays from the air outlet, and the use of biogas has reduced air chamber volume and air pressure, and fermented feed liquid refluxes under action of gravity, and liquid level gos up.Because the existence of the difference of altitude of charging pond and material-output tank, the fermented feed liquid of backflow mainly are to inject from the charging pond, have replenished the space that air chamber reduces.When not using biogas, close the air outlet, make fermented feed liquid continue to produce biogas, the volume of biogas air chamber increases, and liquid level descends once more, and the fermentation slag charge that is deposited in the bottom of fermentation vat is extruded from discharge nozzle.In structure design, adopt the progressively constant design that discharges naturally of pressure, utilized the principle of equivalent transposition, regulated atmospheric pressure automatically, kept progressively dynamic air chamber of constant and stable tolerance supply.After when methane-generating pit drops into, the end time of generally being separated by will open and close the air outlet by multiple, and the liquid level of fermented feed liquid is periodically moved up and down, and constantly discharges the fermentation slag charge, and makes that the fermented feed liquid that is in liquid level can slagging scorification.In the process of using, the present invention utilizes the principle of equivalent transposition, in service, dynamic air chamber in the high-order exchange of self acting hydraulic pressure moves automatically, make pond internal pressure circulation self-organizing system, and the natural pond slag of fermented feed liquid lower floor sediment layer is discharged outside the methane-generating pit in the methane-generating pit after will fully fermenting, and has realized the automatic sludge discharge of domestic methane tank.Facts have proved that the methane-generating pit of this structure 10 years is without scarfing cinder.Fire resistance of the present invention is also very high, when dynamic air chamber is full of combustion gas, the air chamber internal pressure very much not can produce the tempered phenomenon, has been full of the fermented feed liquid of water-based when combustion gas uses up in the air chamber again, this spontaneous fire prevention, explosion-proof potent should be that present any methane-generating pit is all incomparable.
Some methane-generating pits that use have generally adopted the method for paddling process in the cistern in order to prevent slagging scorification in the pond at present.This method not only wastes time and energy, and destroyed the distribution of zymophyte layer in the pond, has reduced the spontaneous fermentation temperature in the pond and the operating structure of zymophyte layer, has influenced the process of fermentation.However it still can't solve the incrustive problem of water surface slagging scorification of methane-generating pit fermented product.And the design feature of pond of the present invention body structure, it is realizing that equivalent replaces dynamic air chamber when moving automatically and make the floating stirring of the automatic water of fermented product in the pond naturally, input and output material all is automatic operation, do not exist the stable destruction that distributes of bacterium layer, do not influence the process of fermentation, an omnibearing difficult problem that has solved slagging scorification in the methane-generating pit pond, and the efficient of assurance fermentation.Therefore it can stablize, fully, naturally, fermentation efficiently, thoroughly kill various harmful germs in the liquid of natural pond, discharge the natural pond liquid that cleans.
Structure of the present invention also helps the insulation of methane-generating pit.Existing methane pool is owing to much all adopt the fair structure of charging pond and material-output tank and fermentation vat height, charging and discharging for convenience, caused the methane-generating pit of existing structure can only adopt the structure of shallow embedding, arrived winter temperature low excessively the time methane-generating pit just can't use.And the height of charging of the present invention pond and material-output tank all is not less than fermentation vat, so can fermentation vat is buried in underground.Can methane-generating pit be imbedded under the different stratum according to the difference of the various places lowest temperature, particularly be positioned under the frozen soil layer, guarantee the fully temperature of fermentation.No matter temperature all remains on more than 20 ℃ in the fermentation vat throughout the year, make abundant fermentation gas in the pond, no resting stage, solved this difficult problem that a lot of methane-generating pits do not solve.
The maintenance of methane-generating pit for convenience, the Chi Gai that the present invention is provided with Chi Kou and is mated on the fermentation vat top, described air outlet is located at the pond and is covered.The present invention adopts the principle of work of dynamic air chamber, though under general service condition, need not methane-generating pit is safeguarded, but because if fermentation vat is interior just in case go wrong, to be that methane-generating pit is had fatefulue influence, so the design also remains with the structure of Chi Gai, be convenient to maintenance and maintenance for methane-generating pit.The Chi Kou that is provided with the fermentation vat top of Chi Gai is structure wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, Chi Gai for match with it to taper platform structure.She Ji advantage is to adopt the mode of gravity sealing to realize resistance to air loss like this, and the Chi Gai that cooperatively interacts with Chi Kou can realize very cooperating closely with Chi Kou under the effect of gravity, and structure is covered in the pond that resistance to air loss is higher than conventional shape far away.
Heating unit is set in fermentation vat can accelerates the speed that fermented feed liquid produces biogas, the assurance fermentation vat can be handled a large amount of feed liquids rapidly, uses to be fit to large-scale farm.Fermentation unit can adopt various ways, as water heat type or electrothermic type or the like.
The present invention is provided with the labyrinth type sewage treatment structure in described material-output tank inside, and what fermented feed liquid carried out in fermentation vat mainly is anaerobic reaction, though can handle most sanitary wastewater, waste material.But need carry out the sewage of aerobic reaction on a small quantity, as be dissolved with the waste water of washing powder, can't be degraded fully.Therefore, the design has in the end added the labyrinth type sewage treatment structure and has been used for the product after the methane-generating pit processing is carried out final purification, makes it can directly discharge or reclaim use.
The present invention has following outstanding substantive distinguishing features and progress with respect to prior art.
The present invention has adopted the combined structure, realizes the unlimited expansion of methane-generating pit volume, can be suitable for large-scale farm or collective and use.Through long fermentation reaction, palliating degradation degree is very complete in interconnective fermentation vat for fermented feed liquid, and final reaction surplus products mainly are water, can directly discharge or recycle.Can realize sanitary wastewater, waste material are purified fully, possess the sewage disposal function.The accumulator unit of easy structure has improved the air capacity of methane-generating pit greatly, makes biogas be able to a large amount of storages, has the effect that continues supply.The inboard volume in feed-pipe mouth of pipe upper end to fermentation vat top must be equal to from the partial volume sum that fermentation vat pushes up at the bottom of the charging pond with the volume of the volume in charging pond, material-output tank, feed-pipe in the fermentation vat.Make things convenient for the design of methane-generating pit on the one hand, when fermentation vat forms air chamber, can form pressure air chamber naturally on the other hand.Adopt the progressively constant design that discharges naturally of pressure in the use, utilized the principle of equivalent transposition, regulated atmospheric pressure automatically, kept progressively dynamic air chamber of constant and stable tolerance supply.Chi Gai has very high resistance to air loss, has also made things convenient for maintenance and maintenance to methane-generating pit simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the transversary schematic internal view of embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is the concrete structure synoptic diagram of each fermentation vat among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 5 is embodiment 1 a fermentation vat top concrete structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the structure vertical view of embodiment 2;
Fig. 7 is the structure vertical view of embodiment 3;
Fig. 8 is the structure of the Chi Ding of fermentation vat among Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is the structure of the Chi Ding in gas storage pond among Fig. 7;
Figure 10 is the structure vertical view of embodiment 4;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of embodiment 5;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of embodiment 6
Figure 13 is the structural representation of embodiment 7.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment is the methane-generating pit of three pond cascaded structures, structure mainly comprises charging pond 2, first fermentation vat 11 that is connected by feed-pipe 21 with charging pond 2, second fermentation vat 12, the 3rd fermentation vat 13, being connected material-output tank 3, the second fermentation vats 12 with the 3rd fermentation vat 13 by discharge nozzle 31 is communicated with by connecting pipe 14 and 15 respectively with first fermentation vat 11 and the 3rd fermentation vat 13.The arrangement architecture of each structure of methane-generating pit as shown in Figure 2, three fermentation vats are triangularly arranged, and save soil space.
The detailed internal structure and the size of methane-generating pit are seen shown in Figure 3, for convenience of description, Fig. 3 is arranged in a linear three fermentation vats, and charging pond 2 and material-output tank 3 are communicated with first fermentation vat 11 and the 3rd fermentation vat 13 by feed-pipe 21 and discharge nozzle 31 respectively, and three fermentation vats all are semisphere.For making the fermented feed liquid can directed flow, the charging pond 2 of present embodiment is a little more than material-output tank 3, the height of h, 3 ends of material-output tank and fermentation vat top 11 maintain an equal level, and feed-pipe 21 mouths of pipe on first fermentation vat 11 are higher than the height of discharge nozzle 31 mouth of pipe H on the 3rd fermentation vat 13.The pond lid 18 that the detailed structure of first fermentation vat 11 as shown in Figure 4 again, first fermentation vat, 11 tops are provided with pond mouth 17 and are mated.Described air outlet is located on the pond lid 18, and is connected with escape pipe 19 and is used to discharge gas in first fermentation vat 11, in conjunction with shown in Figure 4.Near feed-pipe 21 mouths of pipe one side a stock retaining wall 16 is set at the bottom of the fermentation vat, stock retaining wall 16 is 1=1/3L with the distance 1 of fermentation vat feather edge and the pass of fermentation vat bottom width degree L.Shown in dash area among Fig. 3, feed-pipe 21 mouths of pipe upper ends horizontal plane is V to inboard volume V1, V2 and the V3 summation in fermentation vat top in first fermentation vat 11, second fermentation vat 12 and the 3rd fermentation vat 13, and the volume A in charging pond 2, the volume B of material-output tank 3, feed-pipe 21 push up 11 horizontal planes to the pass of the partial volume C at 2 ends of charging pond from fermentation vat and be: V=A+B+C.Owing to build the problem of precision, can there be certain error, but can not be too big, generally be controlled in 5%.
The pond mouth 17 on the fermentation vat top that is provided with pond lid 18 as shown in Figure 5 is structure wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and escape pipe 19 is located on the pond lid 18, pond lid 18 for match with it to taper platform structure.She Ji advantage is to adopt the mode of gravity sealing to realize resistance to air loss like this, covers 18 under the effect of gravity with the pond that pond mouth 17 cooperatively interacts, and can realize cooperating closely in 170 minutes with the pond mouth, and resistance to air loss is higher than the pond lid structure of conventional shape far away.
During fermented feed liquid charging first, open escape pipe 19, pour into the fermented feed liquid of deployed ratio from charging pond 2.Fermented feed liquid progressively is full of feed-pipe 21, first fermentation vat 11, second fermentation vat 12, the 3rd fermentation vat 13 and discharge nozzle 31, and the direction that fermented feed liquid pours into is shown in filled arrows among the figure.The rising of feed liquid liquid level thereupon formerly is in three air in the fermentation vat and is progressively discharged from escape pipe 19, shown in figure hollow core arrow.The amount of the feed liquid that pours into first promptly just is full of discharge nozzle 31 for till overflowing at the bottom of material-output tank 3 ponds at least.Because the bottom of material-output tank 3 and the fermentation vat of fermentation vat 1 top 11 inboard maintaining an equal level, according to the principle of fluid connection device, this moment, fermentation vat 1 just was full of fermented feed liquid, did not have any air chamber.For guaranteeing that all air discharge fully, also can a little irritate some fermented feed liquids more.Fermented feed liquid is pure anaerobic reaction in this state, and fermented product can fully ferment in water, has stopped the necessary condition of water surface slagging scorification.
Next close escape pipe 19, make fermented feed liquid under bacteriological action, carry out the anaerobic reaction and produce biogas.The biogas that fermentation produces forms the biogas air chamber at the top of three fermentation vats, and reacted slag charge sinks to the bottom of fermentation vat.Owing to do not have air in the original fermentation vat, so the biogas air chamber that forms is pure biogas, there is not mixture of oxygen, so can't burn, make blast lack prerequisite.The air pressure that the biogas air chamber that forms forms descends the liquid level in the fermentation vat, and the fermented feed liquid that liquid level decline is discharged is discharged by discharge nozzle 31 and feed-pipe 21.Because the height of the feed-pipe mouth of pipe 21 is higher than the height 31 of the discharge nozzle mouth of pipe, so the feed liquid master at first discharges from discharge nozzle 31.The feed liquid of discharging forms the hydraulic pressure of both sides to the biogas air chamber, makes the biogas air chamber form an air pressure and is higher than extraneous pressure air chamber.Even so open escape pipe 19, extraneous air also can't enter in the fermentation vat, so stopped the condition of blasting.
In the process of using biogas, open escape pipe 19, under the hydraulic effect, biogas will shown in figure hollow core arrow, be used for the illumination or the burning of peasant household from escape pipe 19 ejections.Along with the ejection of biogas, the biogas air chamber will progressively reduce, and the fermented feed liquid liquid level rises in the fermentation vat 1, and the liquid level in charging pond 2 and the material-output tank 3 falls after rise.Continue from the charging pond 2 afterfermentation feed liquids this moment, the liquid level of the liquid level in charging pond 2 and material-output tank 3 forms difference of altitude, and fermented feed liquid flows orientation from left to right, shown in filled arrows among the figure.Bring the surplus products of reaction in first fermentation vat 11 into second fermentation vat 12 simultaneously, bring the surplus products of reaction in second fermentation vat 12 into the 3rd fermentation vat 13, with the surplus products extrusion material-output tank 3 of reaction in the 3rd fermentation vat 13.After the reaction of last surplus products through the three grade fermemtation pond, be essentially water and a spot of waste residue.When the user does not re-use biogas, close escape pipe 19, fermented feed liquid continues fermentation and forms biogas.Biogas air chamber volume increases once more, and liquid level descends in the fermentation vat, and the liquid level of charging pond 2 and material-output tank 3 rises.So circulation can form pressure air chamber when fermentation vat forms air chamber as can be seen naturally.Adopt the progressively constant design that discharges naturally of pressure in the use, utilized the principle of equivalent transposition, regulated atmospheric pressure automatically, kept progressively dynamic air chamber of constant and stable tolerance supply.Make fermented product fully fermentation in water, stopped the necessary condition of water surface slagging scorification.Methane-generating pit when operation, when dynamic air chamber is full of combustion gas, the air chamber internal pressure very much not can produce the tempered phenomenon, has been full of the fermented feed liquid of water-based when combustion gas uses up in the air chamber again, has produced fire prevention, explosion-proof potent answering naturally.
The placed in-line methane-generating pit in a kind of four ponds as shown in Figure 6, be made of charging pond 2, first fermentation vat 11, second fermentation vat 12, the 3rd fermentation vat 13, the 4th fermentation vat 4 and material-output tank 3 series connection successively, the internal structure of its fermentation vat is identical with embodiment 1 basically with principle of work.Present embodiment has bigger capacity with respect to embodiment 1, and through the reaction of longer time, palliating degradation degree is more abundant in methane-generating pit for fermented feed liquid.
Present embodiment is to do further improvement on the basis of embodiment 2, also is provided with special accumulator unit.51,52 and two in the gas storage pond that described accumulator unit is communicated with by identical with biomass pool structure two bottoms constitutes with the hydraulic pressure pond 53 that gas storage pond 52 is interconnected respectively.The top in gas storage pond 51,52 is communicated with the gas storage mouth at each fermentation vat top by pipeline 55,56.In the use, a certain amount of water of in hydraulic pressure pond 53, packing into, when the biogas air chamber was formed on the fermentation vat top, the air pressure that air chamber produces was transported to biogas and forms same air chamber in the gas storage pond 51,52 by pipeline 55,56.Air chamber in the gas storage pond 51,52 forms certain pressure, and the liquid level in hydraulic pressure pond 53 is risen, and forms hydraulic seal.First fermentation vat 11, second fermentation vat 12, the 3rd fermentation vat 13 and the 4th fermentation vat 4 link together by outlet pipe 57 and are used for air feed.When using biogas, open outlet pipe 57 and discharge a certain amount of biogas, then air chamber pressure reduces in the gas storage pond 51,52, and the liquid level in hydraulic pressure pond 53 falls after rise, regulates automatically.Wherein the pond mouth 17 of first fermentation vat 11, second fermentation vat 12, the 3rd fermentation vat 13 and the 4th fermentation vat 4 as shown in Figure 8, described air outlet is located on the pond lid 18, is provided with side by side that escape pipe 19 is used to connect outlet pipe 57 and escape pipe 20 is used for connecting tube 55,56.The pond mouth 17 in gas storage pond 51,52 only is provided with escape pipe 19 and is used for connecting leg road 55,56 as shown in Figure 9.
The coupled methane tank structure of a kind of pair of pond type as shown in figure 10, methane-generating pit is practiced into conjuncted fermentation structure with material-output tank 3 by charging pond 2, first fermentation vat 11, second fermentation vat 12, gas storage pond 51 and hydraulic pressure pond 53 have constituted gas storage structure, the top of first fermentation vat 11, second fermentation vat 12 is connected with gas storage pond 51 by pipeline 55,56, and is interconnected by outlet pipe 57.In the process of using, fermented feed liquid pours into from charging pond 2, ferments in first fermentation vat 11 and second fermentation vat 12, and the waste liquid after the fermentation is got rid of from material-output tank 3.The biogas that fermentation produces is stored in the gas storage pond 51 by pipeline 55,56, can discharge biogas by opening outlet pipe 57 when needing usefulness gas, and by the pressure in the 53 free adjustment gas storage ponds 51, hydraulic pressure pond.
Embodiment 5
Biomass pool structure as shown in figure 11 is a kind of methane-generating pit of the multi-link mode bonded in a kind of many ponds.Be made of six fermentation vats altogether, wherein second fermentation vat 12, the 3rd fermentation vat 13, the 5th fermentation vat 6 and the 7th fermentation vat 7 are annular syndeton, and first fermentation vat 11 is placed in-line structure with the 4th fermentation vat 4 with the fermentation vat that annular is connected.This methane-generating pit has the capacity of super large, generally can reach more than 1,000 cubes, is fit to large-scale farm and uses.
Present embodiment is that a kind of superhuge many ponds connect biomass pool structure, as shown in figure 12, is connected with a plurality of methane-generating pits between first fermentation vat 11 and second fermentation vat 12, omits a plurality of methane-generating pits among the figure, constitutes the fermentation structure together with charging pond 2 and material-output tank 3.Be provided with a plurality of gas storage pond between the gas storage pond 51 and 52, omit a plurality of gas storage pond among the figure, constitute gas storage structure together with hydraulic pressure pond 53.Connect by outlet pipe 57 between the fermentation vat, and be connected with each gas storage pond by pipeline 55.This structure is fit within the specific limits, the shared conjuncted biomass pool structure of several dispersive users.
The present embodiment formula installs the structure of heating unit 7 additional in fermentation vat, as shown in figure 13.Present embodiment adopts the water heat type structure, and heating unit 7 is made of the round water pipe of heating, is connected with water inlet pipe 71 and the rising pipe 72 of opening in fermentation vat 11 outsides, and is provided with case 73 in the heating unit outside.When need heat the feed liquid in the fermentation vat 11, by importing hot water at water inlet pipe 71, hot water flow passes to heat by case 73 again fermented feed liquid is heated through heating unit 7, flows out from rising pipe 72 at last.Can quicken the reaction of fermented feed liquid like this, produce biogas.
Claims (10)
1. coupled methane tank, its spy comprises just at least: the charging pond, material-output tank and two or more fermentation vat, the fermentation vat top is provided with the air outlet; The fermentation vat bottom is interconnected, and the charging pond is communicated with one of them fermentation vat by feed-pipe, and material-output tank is communicated with another fermentation vat by discharge nozzle, and charging pond, fermentation vat and material-output tank form the liquid communication passage.
2. coupled methane tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that the mode of connection between the described fermentation vat is the mode that series, parallel, annular connection, Y-connection or above mode of connection combine.
3. coupled methane tank according to claim 2 is characterized in that fermentation vat is provided with the gas storage mouth, and is provided with the accumulator unit that connects fermentation vat gas storage mouth.
4. coupled methane tank according to claim 3 is characterized in that gas storage pond that described accumulator unit comprises that a top is communicated with fermentation vat gas storage mouth and the hydraulic pressure pond that is communicated with bottom, gas storage pond.
5. coupled methane tank according to claim 4 is characterized in that accumulator unit is provided with two or more gas storage pond, and bottom, gas storage pond is interconnected.
6. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described coupled methane tanks, it is characterized in that the charging pond is not less than material-output tank, hold flatly with fermentation vat at the bottom of the material-output tank, the feed-pipe mouth of pipe that feed-pipe is connected with fermentation vat is higher than the discharge nozzle mouth of pipe that discharge nozzle is connected with fermentation vat.
7. coupled methane tank according to claim 6 is characterized in that in all fermentation vats that from feed-pipe mouth of pipe horizontal plane to the fermentation vat inboard volume summation in top is that the pass of the volume B, feed-pipe of volume A, the material-output tank in V and the charging pond partial volume C at the bottom of from fermentation vat top horizontal plane to the charging pond is: (A+B+C) * and 0.92≤V≤(A+B+C) * 1.08.
8. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described coupled methane tanks, it is characterized in that the Chi Gai that the fermentation vat top is provided with Chi Kou and is mated, described air outlet is located at the pond and is covered.
9. coupled methane tank according to claim 8 is characterized in that described Chi Kou is structure wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, Chi Gai for match with it to taper platform structure.
10. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described coupled methane tanks, it is characterized in that being provided with heating unit in the described fermentation vat.
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| CN2007100270462A CN101045901B (en) | 2007-03-02 | 2007-03-02 | Coupled methane tank |
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| CN2007100270462A CN101045901B (en) | 2007-03-02 | 2007-03-02 | Coupled methane tank |
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| CN101550429A (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2009-10-07 | 广东省技术经济研究发展中心 | A water vapor transposition methane producing method and water vapor transposition methane tank |
| CN101570728B (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2011-11-30 | 徐州绿潮生物科技有限公司 | Ground insulating conjoined floating hood and bacterial nest dry type continuous anaerobic fermentation device |
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| CN85202509U (en) * | 1985-05-16 | 1986-04-16 | 古飞 | Methane-generating pit with a bottom drain |
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| CN101570728B (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2011-11-30 | 徐州绿潮生物科技有限公司 | Ground insulating conjoined floating hood and bacterial nest dry type continuous anaerobic fermentation device |
| CN101550429A (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2009-10-07 | 广东省技术经济研究发展中心 | A water vapor transposition methane producing method and water vapor transposition methane tank |
| CN102108330B (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2013-05-29 | 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 | Thermoplastic composite methane tank |
| CN104513788A (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2015-04-15 | 苏玉龙 | Large-scale biomass pool |
| CN103787564A (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2014-05-14 | 苗岗 | Dung and dirt treatment system |
| CN103843622A (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2014-06-11 | 苗岗 | Planting and cultivating integrated constant temperature combined shed |
| CN105647792A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-06-08 | 成都顺美国际贸易有限公司 | Biogas slurry multistage-fermentation and multistage-filtering purification system |
| CN105647792B (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2018-05-08 | 成都顺美国际贸易有限公司 | The multistage fermentation Multilevel filtration-purification system of biogas slurry |
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| CN113373041A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-10 | 曹秀保 | Large/ultra-large methane tank suitable for dry continuous fermentation |
| CN114015556A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-02-08 | 江苏新源能环科技有限公司 | Rural solid-state organic waste dry fermentation device of agricultural |
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