CN101045816B - Preparation process of whisher reinforced nylon composite - Google Patents
Preparation process of whisher reinforced nylon composite Download PDFInfo
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- CN101045816B CN101045816B CN200710010689A CN200710010689A CN101045816B CN 101045816 B CN101045816 B CN 101045816B CN 200710010689 A CN200710010689 A CN 200710010689A CN 200710010689 A CN200710010689 A CN 200710010689A CN 101045816 B CN101045816 B CN 101045816B
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- nylon
- crystal whisker
- coupling agent
- whisker
- magnesium borate
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Abstract
This invention relates to preparation craft of crystal whisker enhanced, nylon six composite materials. Surface treatment of crystal whisker: add crystal whisker to high-speed mixer, unclose aggregate by whip, add coupling agent of 0.05 to 1.0% crystal whisker weight, whip for 1 to 15 min at 1250r / min to 2500r / min, dry for 1 to 8 hours; extruding craft: add 100 shares nylon six , lubricant and antioxidant of 0.2%nylon six weight at feed zone, add 10 to 45 shares crystal whisker at feed zone or fluxing zone, extrusion temperature is 215 to 245 deg, mainframe revolution is 200r / min to 400r / min.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of preparation method who strengthens polymer matrix composite, relate in particular to a kind of preparation technology of whisher reinforced nylon 6 matrix materials.
Background technology: superperformance such as nylon 6 has that mechanical property is excellent, wear-resisting, self-lubricating, oil resistant and weak acid resistant weak base.But, water-absorbent strong because of its polarity is big, poor dimensional stability and creep resistance are poor, should not be higher than life-time service under 80 ℃, humidity and the high loading.For improving the over-all properties of nylon 6, can adopt method of modifying such as copolymerization, blend, filling, enhancing and molecule be compound, wherein blending and modifying is one of nearly method with the fastest developing speed during the last ten years, and, instant effect little with its investment, characteristics such as with short production cycle are used widely.Nylon 6 can be made polymer matrix composite with macromolecular material blending and modifyings such as general-purpose plastics, engineering plastics, elastomerics, liquid crystal polymers.Excellent properties such as the nylon 6 composite material of polymer-based carbon has that specific tenacity is big, specific modulus is high, fatigue performance is good, damping property is good, ablation resistance is good, the good and processing technology of security is good during overload at first are widely used in aerospace industry.Along with development of high-tech, this type of material obtains application more and more widely in the other field of national economy.
Glass fibre is the most representative and strongthener that is most widely used in the fibre reinforced plastics, can improve the mechanical property of plastics to a large extent.For the intensity of Reinforced Nylon 6 matrix materials, what generally adopt at present is that glass fibre strengthens.Yet glass fibre matter is crisp and frangible, easily is damaged in the course of processing.The surface smoothness of its matrix material is poor, and because the hardness of glass fibre is big, the wearing and tearing to equipment and mold in the course of processing are big.In addition, because the adding of glass fibre, resin viscosity rises, thereby makes poor processability, causes thin wall component and the miniaturization precise part can not moulding.Simultaneously, anisotropy appears in the mechanical property of material and molding shrinkage and thermal expansivity easily, during high temperature, and the easy warpage of its matrix material.More than these shortcomings in the application that has limited glass fiber-reinforced nylon 6 composite material in varying degrees.
Whisker is a kind of fiber that grows into the monocrystalline form under artificial control situation, and its diameter has only several microns, and section is polygon, and length is generally tens microns.Because the length-to-diameter ratio of whisker is bigger, can not hold any more space that crystal is weakened, dislocation and defective such as imperfect, thereby the atomic arrangement structure of this high-sequential makes its intensity approach the theoretical value of valence link between the material atom.As the composite material reinforcement body of a new generation, have the premium properties of glass fibre and carbon fiber concurrently.As the most representative magnesium borate crystal whisker is a kind of white needles single crystal fibre, and its pattern is like white powder, and electromicroscopic photograph is the whiskers body, and size is very tiny, and crystallization is very complete.Its comprehensive physicals is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, magnesium borate crystal whisker has very excellent physical and mechanical properties and high-temperature physical property, good chemical stability and processing performance and higher performance.Because it is its coefficient of expansion is suitable with macromolecular material, good simultaneously with its consistency, so both matrix materials can show good micro-filling capacity and enhancing ability.At present, magnesium borate crystal whisker is used for Reinforced Nylon 6 and yet there are no report.
Summary of the invention: in order to solve the performance deficiency problem that nylon 6 composite material exists, the invention provides a kind of have micro-enhancing and filling capacity, tensile strength, Young's modulus and shock strength height, easily the preparation technology of whisher reinforced nylon 6 matrix materials of processing.The technical solution used in the present invention is:
1) surface treatment of whisker: whisker is added in the high-speed mixer, stir to open coacervate at 1250r/min earlier, add coupling agent more while stirring, the consumption of coupling agent is 0.05%～1.0% of a whisker weight, coupling agent is used dissolution with solvents in advance, treat that coupling agent adds after, under 1250r/min～2500r/min, stir 1～10min, then under 60 ℃～120 ℃, dry 1hr～8hr;
2) expressing technique: 0.2% the antioxidant that adds 0.2% lubricant of 100 parts nylon 6 and nylon 6 weight and nylon 6 weight at feed zone, the whisker that adds 10～45 parts at feed zone or fluxing zone, extrusion temperature is 215～245 ℃, and the main frame revolution is 200～400r/min.
Wherein, described whisker is magnesium borate crystal whisker or potassium titanate crystal whisker.
Described coupling agent is silane coupling agent or titante coupling agent.
Preferred γ-chloropropyl triethoxysilane (the Gamma-Chloropropyltriethoxysilane of described silane coupling agent, be KH550) or (Y-(2,3-epoxy third oxygen) propyl trimethoxy silicon (Gamma-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, i.e. KH560).
The preferred titanate coupling agent NDZ201 of described titante coupling agent.
The described solvent that is used to dissolve coupling agent is an alcoholic solvent, particular methanol or ethanol.
Described lubricant is ethylene vinyl acetate (being EVA wax 540A).Oxidation inhibitor is [β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester (being antioxidant 1010).
In the preparation process of whisher reinforced nylon 6 matrix materials, its gordian technique is the length-to-diameter ratio that keeps whisker as far as possible.The optimum process condition of making whisher reinforced nylon 6 matrix materials by experiment is: adopt the coupling agent treatment technology to carry out surface treatment to whisker, surface treatment is carried out in high-speed mixer, stir to open coacervate at 1250r/min earlier, select the different stirring at low speed time for use according to the amount of whisker then, add coupling agent while stirring; Expressing technique is: add nylon 6 and lubricant and oxidation inhibitor at feed zone, add surface treated whisker at fluxing zone or fusing section, extrusion temperature is 215-245 ℃, and the main frame revolution is 200-400r/min.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: whisker is a kind of farinose material, in complete processing, can not cause wearing and tearing to equipment and mold, and the surface smoothness of its matrix material is good, and is high temperature resistant.Whisker carries out surface treatment in advance with coupling agent, has changed the surface properties of whisker, has improved the adhesive property of whisker and nylon 6.Whisker is filled in the nylon-6 matrix body, can effectively improve the performances such as tensile strength, Young's modulus and shock strength of nylon 6 composite material, thereby obtains whisher reinforced nylon 6 matrix materials of shock-resistant, high tensile and high elastic coefficient.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1: simultaneous test
Feed zone at twin screw extruder adds 5.0kg nylon 6 and 10g lubricant EVA wax 540A and 10g antioxidant 1010, extrusion temperature is 215-245 ℃, and the main frame revolution is 200r/min, behind the extruding pelletization, under 90 ℃, carry out vacuum-drying 24hr, promptly get the granulated product that does not have whisher reinforced nylon 6.This product makes sample and tests directly or through injector injection molding.The results are shown in Table 2
Table 2
| Whisker content % | Tensile strength Mpa | Extension at break % | Modulus in flexure Gpa | Flexural strength Mpa | Shock strength KJ/m 2 | Thermal distorsion temperature ℃ | Melting index g/10min |
| 0 | 72.1 | 11.6 | 2.6 | 122.3 | 162.4 | 75 | 5.48 |
Embodiment 2:
1) surface treatment of magnesium borate crystal whisker: take by weighing the 7.0kg magnesium borate crystal whisker and add in the high-speed mixer, under the 1250r/min rotating speed, mix 1min to open coacervate, while stirring coupling agent KH550 ethanolic soln (the 7gKH550 coupling agent is dissolved in the 70ml dehydrated alcohol) is slowly splashed in the mixing machine under same rotating speed then and (drip off in about 1min), pick up counting this moment.After 1250r/min stirs 3min, take out and put into baking oven, 80 ℃ of dry 6hr, standby.
2) expressing technique: press table 3 prescription, feed zone at twin screw extruder adds nylon 6 and lubricant EVA wax 540A and antioxidant 1010, first venting port at twin screw extruder adds through above-mentioned surface-treated magnesium borate crystal whisker, extrusion temperature is 215-245 ℃, the main frame revolution is 300r/min, blend, extrude and granulation after, under 90 ℃, carry out vacuum-drying 24hr, promptly get the granulated product of magnesium borate crystal whisker Reinforced Nylon 6 matrix materials.This product makes sample and carries out various performance tests directly or through injector injection molding, the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3
| Nylon 6 g | Lubricant g | Antioxidant g | Magnesium borate crystal whisker g | The ratio of nylon 6 and whisker | Tensile strength Mpa | Extension at break % | Modulus in flexure Gpa | Flexural strength Mpa | Shock strength KJ/m 2 | Thermal distorsion temperature ℃ | Melting index g/10 min |
| 5000 | 10 | 10 | 500 | 100∶10 | 91.2 | 13.6 | 4.6 | 177.7 | 46.7 | 150 | 4.08 |
| 5000 | 10 | 10 | 750 | 100∶15 | 98.0 | 14.3 | 5.2 | 190.5 | 38.1 | 165 | 3.74 |
| 5000 | 10 | 10 | 1250 | 100∶25 | 116.0 | 16.2 | 6.4 | 215.3 | 21.8 | 200 | 2.42 |
| 5000 | 10 | 10 | 1750 | 100∶35 | 124.0 | 11.3 | 7.3 | 225.3 | 18.9 | 212 | 2.36 |
| 5000 | 10 | 10 | 2250 | 100∶45 | 118.0 | 10.5 | 6.8 | 216.0 | 19.5 | 220 | 2.22 |
Embodiment 3:
Take by weighing the 2.0kg magnesium borate crystal whisker and directly put into baking oven, 80 ℃ of dry 6hr, standby.
Feed zone at twin screw extruder adds 5.0kg nylon 6 and 10g lubricant EVA wax 540A and 10g antioxidant 1010, the 0.5kg or the 1.5kg magnesium borate crystal whisker that add the process drying treatment at first venting port of twin screw extruder, extrusion temperature is 215-245 ℃, the main frame revolution is 300r/min, blend, extrude and granulation after, under 90 ℃, carry out vacuum-drying 24hr, promptly get the granulated product of magnesium borate crystal whisker Reinforced Nylon 6 matrix materials.This product makes sample and carries out various performance tests directly or through injector injection molding, the results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4
| Nylon 6 g | Magnesium borate crystal whisker g | The ratio of nylon 6 and whisker | Tensile strength Mpa | Extension at break % | Modulus in flexure Gpa | Flexural strength Mpa | Shock strength KJ/m 2 | Melting index g/10min |
| 5000 | 500 | 100∶10 | 86.0 | 14.5 | 4.0 | 162.3 | 23.2 | 4.32 |
| 5000 | 1500 | 100∶15 | 108.3 | 13.9 | 5.9 | 206 | 33.0 | 2.58 |
Embodiment 4:
1) surface treatment of magnesium borate crystal whisker: take by weighing the 0.5kg magnesium borate crystal whisker respectively and add in the high-speed mixer, under the 1250r/min rotating speed, mix 1min to open coacervate, while stirring coupling agent KH550 ethanolic soln (the 0.5gKH550 coupling agent is dissolved in the 5ml dehydrated alcohol) is slowly splashed in the mixing machine under same rotating speed then and (drip off in about 1min), pick up counting this moment.Stir 1min, 3min, 5min, 7min under the 1250r/min speed respectively, or after stirring 1min, 2min, 3min respectively under the 2500r/min speed, take out and put into baking oven, 80 ℃ of dry 6h, standby.
2) expressing technique: the feed zone at twin screw extruder adds 5.0kg nylon 6 and 10g lubricant EVA wax 540A and 10g antioxidant 1010, first venting port at twin screw extruder adds surface treated 0.5kg magnesium borate crystal whisker, extrusion temperature is 215-245 ℃, the main frame revolution is 300r/min, blend, extrude and granulation after, under 90 ℃, carry out vacuum-drying 24hr, promptly get the granulated product of magnesium borate crystal whisker Reinforced Nylon 6 matrix materials.This product makes sample and carries out various performance tests directly or through injector injection molding, the results are shown in Table 5.
Table 5
| Stirring velocity r/min | Churning time min | Tensile strength Mpa |
| 1250 | 1 | 75.3 |
| 1250 | 3 | 91.2 |
| 1250 | 5 | 87.1 |
| 1250 | 7 | 83.4 |
| 2500 | 1 | 84.6 |
| 2500 | 2 | 82.7 |
| Stirring velocity r/min | Churning time min | Tensile strength Mpa |
| 2500 | 3 | 78.1 |
Embodiment 5:
1) surface treatment of magnesium borate crystal whisker: take by weighing the 0.5kg magnesium borate crystal whisker and add in the high-speed mixer, under the 1250r/min rotating speed, mix 1min to open coacervate, while stirring KH560 coupling agent methanol solution (the 0.25gKH560 coupling agent is dissolved in the 1ml anhydrous methanol) is slowly splashed in the mixing machine under same rotating speed then and (drip off in about 1min), pick up counting this moment.Behind the 1250r/min mixing 3min, take out and put into baking oven, 60 ℃ of dry 8hr, standby.
2) expressing technique: the feed zone at twin screw extruder adds 5.0kg nylon 6 and 10g lubricant EVA wax 540A and 10g antioxidant 1010, first venting port at twin screw extruder adds through coupling agent KH560 surface-treated 0.5kg magnesium borate crystal whisker, extrusion temperature is 215-245 ℃, the main frame revolution is 200r/min, blend, extrude and granulation after, under 90 ℃, carry out vacuum-drying 24hr, promptly get the granulated product of magnesium borate crystal whisker Reinforced Nylon 6 matrix materials.This product makes sample and carries out various performance tests directly or through injector injection molding, the results are shown in Table 6.
Embodiment 6:
1) surface treatment of magnesium borate crystal whisker: take by weighing the 0.5kg magnesium borate crystal whisker and add in the high-speed mixer, under the 1250r/min rotating speed, mix 1min to open coacervate, under same rotating speed, while stirring coupling agent NDZ-201 methanol solution (5g NDZ-201 coupling agent is dissolved in the 5ml anhydrous methanol) is slowly splashed in the mixing machine then and (drip off in about 1min), begin calculating treatmenting time this moment.Behind the 1250r/min mixing 3min, take out and put into baking oven, 120 ℃ of dry 1hr, standby.
2) expressing technique: the feed zone at twin screw extruder adds 5.0kg nylon 6 and 10g lubricant EVA wax 540A and 10g antioxidant 1010, first venting port at twin screw extruder adds surface treated 0.5kg magnesium borate crystal whisker, extrusion temperature is 215-245 ℃, the main frame revolution is 400r/min, blend, extrude and granulation after, under 90 ℃, carry out vacuum-drying 24hr, promptly get the granulated product of magnesium borate crystal whisker Reinforced Nylon 6 matrix materials.This product makes sample and carries out various performance tests directly or through injector injection molding, the results are shown in Table 6.
Embodiment 7:
1) surface treatment of potassium titanate crystal whisker: take by weighing the 1.25kg potassium titanate crystal whisker and add in the high-speed mixer, under the 1250r/min rotating speed, mix 1min to open coacervate, under same rotating speed, while stirring coupling agent KH550 ethanolic soln (1.25g KH550 coupling agent is dissolved in the 12.5ml dehydrated alcohol) is slowly splashed in the mixing machine then and (drip off in about 1min), begin calculating treatmenting time this moment.Behind the 1250r/min mixing 3min, take out and put into baking oven, 80 ℃ of dry 6hr, standby.
2) expressing technique: the feed zone at twin screw extruder adds 5.0kg nylon 6 and 10g lubricant EVA wax 540A and 10g antioxidant 1010, first venting port at twin screw extruder adds through table coupling agent KH550 surface-treated 1.25kg potassium titanate crystalline substance, extrusion temperature is 215-245 ℃, the main frame revolution is 300r/min, blend, extrude and granulation after, under 90 ℃, carry out vacuum-drying 24hr, promptly get the granulated product of brilliant Reinforced Nylon 6 matrix materials of potassium titanate.This product makes sample and carries out various performance tests directly or through injector injection molding, the results are shown in Table 6.
Table 6
| Example number | The whisker kind | The coupling agent kind | The ratio of nylon 6 and whisker | Tensile strength Mpa | Extension at break % | Modulus in flexure Gpa | Flexural strength Mpa | Shock strength KJ/m 2 | Melting index g/10min |
| 5 | Magnesium borate crystal whisker | KH560 | 100∶10 | 90.0 | 12.6 | ||||
| 6 | Magnesium borate crystal whisker | NDZ-201 | 100∶10 | 87.0 | 15.7 | ||||
| 7 | Potassium titanate crystal whisker | KH550 | 100∶10 | 117.3 | 14.5 | 5.6 | 190.3 | 31.9 | 2.68 |
Claims (1)
1. the preparation technology of whisher reinforced nylon 6 matrix materials is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) surface treatment of whisker: take by weighing the 7.0kg magnesium borate crystal whisker and add in the high-speed mixer, under the 1250r/min rotating speed, mix 1min to open coacervate, under same rotating speed, slowly splash into coupling agent KH550 ethanolic soln in the mixing machine while stirring then, drip off in about 1min, pick up counting this moment, after 1250r/min stirs 3min, takes out and put into baking oven, 80 ℃ of dry 6hr, standby; Coupling agent KH550 ethanolic soln is: the 7gKH550 coupling agent is dissolved in the 70ml dehydrated alcohol;
2) expressing technique: the feed zone at twin screw extruder adds 5000g nylon 6 and 10g ethylene vinyl acetate and 10g[β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, first venting port at twin screw extruder adds surface treated magnesium borate crystal whisker 1750g, extrusion temperature is 215-245 ℃, and the main frame revolution is 300r/min.
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Families Citing this family (9)
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| CN101845204B (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2012-07-18 | 华南理工大学 | Heat conducting polyethylene terephthalate with high strength and preparation method thereof |
| CN102226036B (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2012-11-28 | 刘立文 | Calcium sulfate maize starch nylon 66 composite and preparation technology thereof |
| CN102936409A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2013-02-20 | 上海金发科技发展有限公司 | Filled and reinforced nylon 6 composite material |
| CN103421311B (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2016-01-20 | 厦门长塑实业有限公司 | A kind of two-way stretching polyamide film |
| CN106479099A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2017-03-08 | 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of potassium titanate crystal whisker modified acroleic acid esters microsphere composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN105086429A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-11-25 | 太仓市宏亿化纤有限公司 | High-rigidity and high-strength polyamide and preparation technology thereof |
| CN113480846B (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2022-03-08 | 台州市春晓工业产品设计有限公司 | Heat-resistant low-warpage nylon composite engineering plastic and preparation method thereof |
| CN114031939B (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2023-10-27 | 江苏博云塑业股份有限公司 | Nylon/titanic acid nano-sheet composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114773805A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-07-22 | 江苏冠春新材料科技有限公司 | Modified PA56 composite material and preparation method thereof |
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2007
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 李慧青、张淑芬、张旎、王国强.新型增强材料－硼酸镁晶须.化工增强材料29 1.2001,29(1),16-18. |
| 李慧青、张淑芬、张旎、王国强.新型增强材料-硼酸镁晶须.化工增强材料29 1.2001,29(1),16-18. * |
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