CN101042094A - Waste heat collecting system having expansion device - Google Patents
Waste heat collecting system having expansion device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101042094A CN101042094A CNA2007100893514A CN200710089351A CN101042094A CN 101042094 A CN101042094 A CN 101042094A CN A2007100893514 A CNA2007100893514 A CN A2007100893514A CN 200710089351 A CN200710089351 A CN 200710089351A CN 101042094 A CN101042094 A CN 101042094A
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- pressure
- expansion gear
- expansion
- refrigeration agent
- rankine cycle
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
An object of the invention is to provide a waste heat collecting system having an expansion device, in which an over expansion of refrigerant is prevented so that a loss to be caused by the over expansion is eliminated. A volume ratio of expansion for the expansion device is selected at a value, at which proper expansion of the refrigerant is achieved when the pressure difference between the high pressure and the low pressure is minimum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of collecting system with used heat of expansion gear, described system is subjected to the expansion of high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant and the driving of the rotating drive power that produces is rotated.
Background technique
According to conventional art, rotatory force is to use the used heat that produces from vehicle to obtain, and uses heat heating and cooling agent that vehicle produced to make high-pressure refrigerant by heating equipment.High-pressure refrigerant is provided in the hyperbaric chamber of expansion gear, and output shaft turns round owing to the hyperbaric chamber of expansion gear and the pressure reduction between the low pressure chamber like this.The output quantity of expansion gear (workload) depends on that the moment of torsion that output shaft produces multiply by rotation number.
Because high pressure and the pressure reduction between the low pressure in the low pressure chamber in the hyperbaric chamber are increasing, so expansion gear produces very high workload thereupon.The refrigeration agent of discharging from low pressure chamber like this, cools off by condensation device.
As a kind of by the rotate device of power of the pressure reduction that uses refrigeration agent, Rankine (Rankine) circulation is known in the art, refrigeration agent circulates in the loop in this device, and this loop comprises condensing agent pump, heating equipment, expansion gear and condensation device.
When rankine cycle was installed on the vehicle, even if after finishing engine warms, the pressure reduction between high pressure side and the low voltage side also can change according to the variation of the ambient temperature that causes owing to changes of seasons.
For example, the temperature of the cooling water of motor remains on the value between 80 ° to 100 °, be controlled to the pressure stability of system's mesohigh side so below a constant, refrigeration agent is heated in heating equipment by engine cooling water (hot water) in this system, and refrigeration agent cools off in condensation device by ambient air.On the other hand, the temperature of ambient air can change in 0 ° to 35 ° scope because of the conversion in season and changes.Therefore the condensation number of refrigeration agent is thereby that the variation in pressure that causes low voltage side that changes is also very big.
When the allowance for expansion of considering expansion gear than the time, expansion effect maximum when the situation that can not cause refrigeration agent overexpansion or underexpansion is issued to suitable expansion point.Under the situation of crystallized ability formula expansion gear, satisfying the suitable expansion that realizes refrigeration agent under the pressure condition of design pressure.
Should consider the allowance for expansion ratio of expansion gear at the influence that will cause the whole year.Therefore because on high-tension side pressure in fixed value, is chosen the allowance for expansion ratio of used heat collecting efficiency when maximum at the variation of ambient temperature by the cooling water control that is controlled at normal temperature basically.Just, be chosen in this allowance for expansion ratio of realizing suitable expansion under the mean annual temperature usually.
Under the situation of selecting the allowance for expansion ratio in the above described manner, when true temperature is lower than the ambient temperature that is used for suitable expansion, expand deficiency, yet, when true temperature was higher than the ambient temperature that is used for suitable expansion, overexpansion may take place.
When producing overexpansion, this overexpansion meeting causes loss.So when true temperature was higher than the ambient temperature that is used for suitable expansion, the output of expansion gear can descend, and can can't reach the workload that needs.
In the system or device that drives by expansion gear such as, genemotor in it,, for example during summer, because overexpansion and then caused loss, thereby can't produce required electric flux when ambient temperature is very high.
Therefore, be necessary to improve to reduce the loss that overexpansion causes.
In related domain, as advising that in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No JPH10-266980 bypass channel is set so that working room (expansion chamber) is communicated with low voltage side, the working room also is in the inflation process and (that is to say that inflation process is not also finished) here.When working room's pressure reaches predetermined pressure (pressure that overexpansion may occur) and valve is set to open bypass channel.So just prevented overexpansion.
But according to above-mentioned prior art, the structure of expansion gear becomes can be because bypass channel and valving be arranged on the complexity more that becomes in the expansion gear.The cost of expansion gear also can improve.In addition, because be provided with other device (valving), rate of fault also can improve.
The expansion gear that another kind well known in the art is traditional for example is disclosed among the Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No JPH10-266980.According to this traditional expansion gear, it is an a kind of like this snail dish device, and its expansion chamber is formed between fixedly snail dish and removable snail coil.In expansion gear, provide control channel with the emission quotas that is formed on the discharge side of working fluid for being communicated with expansion chamber.The valve that is arranged in the control channel opens and closes control channel according to the pressure reduction between expansion chamber and the discharge chamber.Under the high pressure side and the situation of the pressure reduction between the low voltage side less than predetermined value of expansion gear, expansion chamber expand into a kind of like this volume, and working fluid may be expanded to this volume under this pressure reduction.Then, when the pressure of expansion chamber becomes when being lower than the pressure of discharging the space, valving is operated to open control channel.As a result, the expansion chamber internal pressure equates with discharge space internal pressure, with the further expansion of the fluid that quits work.Thereby therefore avoided the operation of overexpansion to reach valid function.
Summary of the invention
At above problem the present invention has been proposed.Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of waste heat collecting system, this waste heat collecting system has the expansion gear that the rotary driving force that produced by the expansion of refrigeration agent drives, wherein the loss that causes of the overexpansion by refrigeration agent is suppressed, and does not increase the structural complexity of expansion gear and increase cost.
Another target of the present invention provides a kind of waste heat collecting system, and this used heat is collected the decorum and had expansion gear, thereby wherein the overexpansion of refrigeration agent is prevented from the stable operation that acquisition is used to expand.
According to feature of the present invention, a kind of used heat that is used for vehicle is collected assembling device, comprising: engine cooling circuit (1), and engine cooling water circulates through this loop; And rankine cycle (110) (Rankine Cycle), this rankine cycle has expansion gear (112), condensation device (113), refrigerated medium pump (114) and heating equipment (111), described expansion gear (112), condensation device (113), refrigerated medium pump (114) and heating equipment (111) connect into the closed-loop path, thereby by the operation of described refrigerated medium pump (114) refrigeration agent are circulated in described closed-loop path.
Heating equipment (111) is arranged in the engine cooling circuit (1), and this engine cooling circuit is used to utilize the refrigeration agent of the heat heating rankine cycle of engine cooling water, thereby the formula refrigeration agent changes into high pressure, high temperature refrigerant.Heating equipment (111) is connected to the inlet side of expansion gear (112), and this heating equipment is used to supply with high-pressure refrigerant to expansion gear (112)
Condensation device (113) is connected to the outlet side of expansion gear (112), be used for by with the heat exchange cooling of ambient air and condensation refrigeration agent from expansion gear (112), thereby the pressure of refrigeration agent that makes the outlet side of expansion gear (112) depends on the condensation performance of described condensation device (113)
Expansion gear (112) is the hydraulic mechanism of fixed displacement type, and the expansion of the output shaft (29) of described expansion gear (112) by the refrigeration agent in the working room of described expansion gear (V) driven rotates, and carries out the expansion of refrigeration agent by the pressure reduction of the refrigeration agent between the low pressure of the high pressure of the inlet side of expansion gear (112) and outlet side.
The allowance for expansion of expansion gear (112) is than being selected in such value, and promptly under this value, the pressure reduction between high pressure and low pressure hour is realized the suitable expansion of refrigeration agent.
According to another feature of the present invention, the device that a kind of used heat that is used for vehicle is collected, comprise: rankine cycle (110), described rankine cycle has expansion gear (112), condensation device (113), refrigerated medium pump (114) and heating equipment (111), wherein expansion gear (112), condensation device (113), refrigerated medium pump (114) and heating equipment (111) connect into the closed-loop path, circulate thereby make refrigeration agent pass through operating in the closed-loop path of refrigerated medium pump (114), expansion gear (112) produces rotary driving force by the expansion of refrigeration agent.
The device that used heat is collected also comprises motor generator set (120), when the rotary driving force of described motor generator set (120) by described expansion gear (112) driven when rotating, the described expansion gear (11) that described motor generator set is operably connected to is used to produce electric energy; Pressure-detecting device (130), described pressure-detecting device (130) are used to detect the pressure reduction (Δ P) of the refrigeration agent between the pressure of the on high-tension side pressure of expansion gear (112) and expansion gear (112) low voltage side; And supercharging equipment (140), described supercharging equipment is used for increasing pressure reduction (Δ P) at the pressure reduction (Δ P) that detects by described pressure-detecting device (130) during less than predetermined pressure difference (Δ Pth), so pressure reduction (Δ P) becomes more approaching with predetermined pressure difference (Δ Pth).
According to another feature of the present invention, a kind of rotating force generation device comprises: the high-voltage generator (111) that is used to produce the high pressure of working fluid; Be used to produce the low pressure generating means (113) of the low pressure of working fluid; Expansion gear (112), described expansion gear have the fixed discharge amount and the low pressure that produces by the high pressure that produces by described high-voltage generator (111) with by low pressure generating means (113) between the pressure reduction rotating output shaft (29) of working fluid.
In the rotating force generation device, the allowance for expansion that is used for described expansion gear (112) is than being selected in such value, and under this value, the pressure reduction between high pressure and low pressure hour reaches the suitable expansion of working fluid.
According to another feature of the present invention, a kind of control system that is used for expansion gear comprises: expansion gear (112), described expansion gear are used for producing rotary driving force by the expansion of high pressure-temperature working fluid; Motor generator set (120), described motor generator set (120) drives by the rotary driving force of described expansion gear (112); Pressure-detecting device (130), described pressure-detecting device are used for detecting the pressure reduction (Δ P) of the working fluid between the pressure of the low voltage side of the on high-tension side pressure of described expansion gear (112) and described expansion gear (112).
This control system that is used for expansion gear has supercharging equipment (140), described supercharging equipment is used for increasing pressure reduction (Δ P) when pressure reduction (Δ P) the low pressure predetermined pressure difference (Δ Pth) that detects by described pressure-detecting device (130), thereby makes pressure reduction (Δ P) become more approaching with predetermined pressure difference (Δ Pth).
From the detailed description of being carried out with reference to the accompanying drawings, other targets of the present invention, feature and advantage will become clearer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic representation that the structure of first engine cooling circuit, refrigerant cycle and the rankine cycle of implementing according to the present invention is shown;
Fig. 2 is the sectional drawing that schematically illustrates fluid machine;
Fig. 3 illustrates the exemplary figure that fixedly snail is coiled and removable snail is coiled that mutually combines;
Fig. 4 A to 4C indicates the P-V figure of the pressure that acts on the expansion gear and the relation between working room's capacity respectively;
Fig. 5 be illustrate under the ambient temperature allowance for expansion than and expansion character than between the plotted curve of relation;
Fig. 6 is the schematic representation that the system architecture of second embodiment of the invention is shown;
Fig. 7 illustrates the flow chart that is used to realize pressure reduction rising program among second embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the system architecture schematic representation that third embodiment of the invention is shown;
Fig. 9 illustrates the flow chart that is used to realize pressure reduction rising program among the 3rd embodiment;
Figure 10 is the system architecture schematic representation that fourth embodiment of the invention is shown;
Figure 11 illustrates the flow chart that is used to realize pressure reduction rising program in the fourth embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
(embodiment one)
Explain a kind of system architecture of waste heat collecting apparatus with reference to Fig. 1.Waste heat collecting apparatus according to the embodiment of the invention produces electric energy by using rankine cycle 110 to obtain rotational energy from circuit engine cooling water (hot water) engine cooling circuit 1.As shown in Figure 1, a part of rankine cycle 110 is used in the refrigeration cycle 3 of the aircondition that is installed on Motor Vehicle jointly.
Engine-cooling system 1 comprises major loop, in this major loop engine cooling water from radiator 4, through water pump 5, motor (water jacket), heating equipment 111, return radiator 4 then and circulate.Engine cooling circuit 1 also comprises the air conditioning hot loop, in this air conditioning hot loop engine cooling water (hot water) from motor (water jacket), through heater core 8, return engine circulates then.Heating equipment 111 belongs to parts in the rankine cycle 110, will be described further below.
The electric energy that provides by the battery that is installed in the vehicle makes water pump 5 operate or pass through the output driving water pump 5 of motor 6, so that engine cooling water circulates in engine cooling circuit 1.
The decompressor dress carries out adiabatic expansion to the liquid refrigerant that separates out at receiver 16 places.
Vaporizer 18 is arranged in the unit box of aircondition, this aircondition be used for by be blown in atomized refrigerant with by blast device 13 carry out heat exchange between the air in the passenger accommodation and cool stream through the air of vaporizer.Atomized refrigerant is vaporized in vaporizer 18 by absorbing heat of vaporization, thereby cool stream is through the air of vaporizer 18.
The gaseous refrigerant of vaporization is inhaled into compressor 14 once more in vaporizer 18, therefore needs only compressor 14 at work, and the aforesaid operations process just can be carried out repeatedly.
Heater core bypass channel 23 is formed in the unit box 12, and air mix door 24 is arranged on the upstream side of heater core 8, be used to control the air mass flow ratio, the air mass flow ratio between the air of the air of the heater core of promptly flowing through 8 and the heater core bypass channel 23 of flowing through.Air mix door 24 can be by manual control or by being controlled by the actuator of ECU 133 controls.Recently control the air temperature of delivering in the passenger accommodation by changing air mass flow by air mix door 24.
Refrigerated medium pump 114 is by electric energy motor (motor generator set) 120 rotary driving, to be provided to heating equipment 111 to the pressurizes refrigerant that comes from receiver 16 and with it.When by inverter 141 when battery 11 provides electric energy, this motor generator set 120 produces rotating forces and drives refrigerated medium pump 114.On the other hand, motor generator set 120 is during by the output rotary driving of expansion gear 112, and this motor generator set 120 produces electric energy.
Liquid refrigerant by refrigerated medium pump 114 pressurizations is heated by carrying out heat exchange with circuit engine cooling water in the major loop of engine cooling circuit in heating equipment 111.Therefore, refrigeration agent is heated to form superthermal refrigerant vapour, supplies with expansion energy.Heating equipment 111 carries out work as high-voltage generator, is used for producing high-pressure energy at the inlet side of expansion gear 112.
The running of inverter 141 control motor generator set 120.Just, when motor generator set 120 is worked as motor, inverter 141 control from battery 11 to motor generator set 120 energy supply with; Otherwise when motor generator set was worked by the rotatory force that produces at expansion gear 112 as generator of electric energy, inverter 141 relied on its charging current of charge conditions control from motor generator set 120 to battery.
Except that the aforesaid operations of inverter 141, electronic component ECU133 control is used for the electronic unit of rankine cycle 110 and refrigeration cycle 3.Energy switch (for example, ignition switch) 31 offers ECU133, when energy switch 31 is closed, by cutting off the electric power from battery 11, stops the work of ECU 133, rankine cycle 110 and refrigeration cycle 3.
Refrigerated medium pump 114, expansion gear 112 and motor generator set 120 arranged in co-axial alignment and be formed integrally as the hydraulic mechanism of pump-expansion-generator as shown in Figure 2.
Hydraulic mechanism has first to the 5th housing parts 34 to 38, and described housing parts is by for example firmly being connected to each other together at axial screw etc.
The part of the 3rd housing parts 36 forms the axle housing 39 that is used to support clutch shaft bearing 32.
Have base plate 41a and fixing snail dish cover 41b with the integrally formed fixedly snail dish 41 of second housing parts 35.
The right-hand side of base plate 41a (as shown in Figure 2) is formed on the plane vertical with axial direction, and the Sealing that is formed on removable snail dish cover 41b (as described below) end forward slides on base plate 41a.
Fixedly snail dish cover 41b is the scrollwork that extends from base plate 41a in the axial direction.
The left-hand side of base plate 42a (as shown in Figure 2) is formed on the plane vertical with axial direction, and the Sealing that is formed on fixing snail dish cover 41b end forward slides on base plate 42a.
Removable snail dish cover 42b is the scrollwork (vorticalwrap) that extends in the axial direction from chassis 42a.As shown in Figure 3, removable snail dish cover 42b is meshed with fixing snail dish cover 41b in such position, promptly coils 42 this position-movable snail and coils the angle of 180 ° of 41 displacements with respect to fixing snail.
When removable snail dish 42 moves with track and when rotating, by fixedly snail dish 41 and removable snail dish 42 around the V of working room divide from central division and move to the periphery, and the volume of the V of working room is because peripheral above-mentioned mobile and increase.When the superheated steam refrigeration agent from entering the mouth 46 when being incorporated into the working room that is positioned at core, the expansion energy work of superheated steam is so that the volume expansion of the V of working room.When removable snail dish 42 rotated by the above-mentioned expansion energy among the V of working room, removable snail dish 42 rotated with orbiting.When the V of working room moves to the periphery of snail dish 41 and 42, and the V of working room is when communicating with discharge section 49, and refrigeration agent just is discharged to low pressure chamber 48 from the V of working room.
Automatically rotation stopping device 43 (crank device 43) stops the automatic rotation of removable snail dish 42, so that realize orbiting.Automatically rotation stopping device 43 has the pin 51 that is fixed to removable snail dish 42 and in axial direction extends, and be formed in the axle housing 39 and the groove 51a that radially extends, wherein sell 51 and be engaged on the orbiting that allows removable snail dish in the groove 51a so that prevention is rotated automatically.
As explaining, output 44 produces rotating force according to the orbital motion of removable snail dish 42, and has cylindrical protrusions 53 and eccentric shaft portion 54.Cylindrical protrusions 53 forms together with removable snail dish 42, and extends from right-hand lay from base plate 42a.Eccentric shaft portion 54 is formed on the left hand end of common shaft 29, and wherein shaft portion 54 departs from the rotating center of common shaft 29.Eccentric shaft portion 54 is inserted in the inside of cylindrical protrusions 53 and rotatably is connected with cylindrical protrusions 53 by bearing 55.
According to above-mentioned structure, cylindrical protrusions 53 is rotated with orbiting with removable snail dish 42, and eccentric shaft portion 54 is rotated with common shaft 29.
As mentioned above, the orbiting of the removable snail dish 42 that is caused by the expansion energy of refrigeration agent is transformed into the rotation of common shaft 29 by the rotation of eccentric shaft portion 54.
Therefore, when electric energy was provided to electromagnetic valve 58, the pressure in the back pressure chamber 57c raise, so valve body 57b shifted onto bypass channel 56 forcefully with the elastic force of spring 57d, closed bypass channel.By being communicated with between bypass channel cutoff high chambers 45 56 and the low pressure chamber 48.
On the other hand, when the electric energy to electromagnetic valve 58 was cut off, hypotension in the back pressure chamber 57c so that piston 57a were by the pressure pressure spring 57d in the hyperbaric chamber 45.Valve body 57b moves to open bypass channel 56 on the direction left.Thereby hyperbaric chamber 45 and low pressure chamber 48 interconnect by bypass channel 56, and on high-tension side pressure is equated with the pressure of low voltage side.
Motor generator set 120 comprises stator 61 and rotor 62.Stator 61 has the stator core 61a of the inner circumferential surface that is fixed on the electric machine casing 36a that forms by the 3rd housing parts 36 and is wrapped in stator coil 61b on the stator core 61a.Rotor 62 comprises the permanent magnet that insert securely and remain in the rotor core that is mounted to common shaft 29.
When electric energy is provided to stator 61b by inverter 141, drive rotor 62 and common shaft 29 rotations.On the other hand, when common shaft 29 rotations, rely on the rotation of rotor 62 in stator core 61b, to produce electric energy.
More precisely, when rankine cycle 110 starts, electric energy is provided to stator 61b from battery 11 by inverter 141.Thereby stator 62 is driven to rotate, and genemotor 120a is operated as the motor that is used to drive expansion gear 112 and refrigerated medium pump 114.
On the other hand, when expansion gear 112 running, drive refrigerated medium pump 114 and rotor 62 rotations, so motor generator set 12 moves as electric energy generator by the rotary driving power that produces at expansion gear 112 places.The electric energy that produces at motor generator set 120 places is charged in the battery 11.
Refrigerated medium pump 114 is the rolling piston type pumps that are arranged in the 4th housing parts, and this pump comprises pump case 63, eccentric cam 64, pump rotor 65 and blade 66.
Pump case comprises the cylindrical shape center housing 63a and first and second side body 63b and the 63c, described these housings by fixing device for example bolt be connected to the 4th housing parts 57.The first side body 63b supports second bearing 33.
The pump discharge (not shown) is discharged chamber 69 with pump and is connected, and described discharge chamber is formed on and is used to hold in the 4th housing parts 37 of refrigerated medium pump 114.Pump discharge pipe 71 is arranged on and is used to be communicated with the inboard that pump is discharged chamber 69 and heating equipment 111 in the 4th housing parts 37.Safety check 72 is arranged on the open portion of pump being discharged the pump discharge of opening chamber 69, so allow refrigeration agent can only discharge chamber 69 one-way flow from the pump discharge to the pump.
In refrigerated medium pump 114, according to the rotation (orbiting) of the pump rotor 65 that is driven by common shaft 29, refrigeration agent is inhaled into the pump chamber p by pump intake 67 from pumping intake piping 68.Refrigeration agent is discharged chamber 69 by pump discharge (not shown) and pump then, is pumped into pump discharge pipe 71 from pump chamber P.
Here will explain the operating process of rankine cycle.When ECU 133 judges charge volume in the battery and is lower than predetermined value and under the situation of operation that might be rankine cycle (just, when the temperature of engine cooling water is higher than predetermined temperature), ECU 113 beginning rankine cycle operations.Say that more clearly the short-term of electric current after rankine cycle begins that is provided to electromagnetic valve 58 is cut off, so bypass channel 56 is opened by valving 57.And motor generator set 120 as motor operation to drive refrigerated medium pump 114 and expansion gear 112.
In this operating process, refrigerated medium pump 114 sucks refrigeration agent and the refrigeration agent that pressurizes is discharged in the heating equipment 111 from receiver 16.Refrigeration agent in heating equipment 111 by and engine cooling water between heat exchange heat and be fed in the expansion gear 112.Because bypass channel 56 is opened by high-pressure refrigerant being introduced hyperbaric chamber 45, so the refrigeration agent of introducing expansion gears 112 by high pressure port 47 directly 45 flows into low pressure chambers 45 through bypass channel 56 from the hyperbaric chamber.Then, refrigeration agent turns back to the inlet side of condensation device 113 by low-pressure port 50.
Automotor-generator 120 rises when operating as motor, when passing through the scheduled time (promptly, refrigeration agent heating equipment 111 places fully be heated into the superheated steam refrigeration agent during) time, ECU133 connects electromagnetic valve 58 and comes to close bypass channel 56 by valving 57.As a result, the superheated steam refrigeration agent in hyperbaric chamber 45 46 is incorporated among the V of working room by entering the mouth.
The superheated steam refrigeration agent of introducing the V of working room at core raises the volume of the V of working room by the expansion energy of himself, thereby removable snail dish 42 rotates with orbiting.Because the volume of the V of working room increases, the V of working room divides from central division and moves to the periphery.When the V of working room becomes and discharges chamber 49 when communicating, refrigeration agent flows into low pressure chamber 48 from the V of working room.Refrigeration agent is back to the inlet side of condensation device 113 by low-pressure port 50, so refrigeration agent is through condensation device 113, receiver 16, refrigerated medium pump 114, heating equipment 111 and expansion gear 112 and circulate.
The orbiting of removable snail dish 42 is converted into the rotation at output 44 places to rotate common shaft 29.Therefore drive refrigerated medium pump 114 and motor generator set 120 rotations.
When the rotating power of expansion gear 112 reaches such value, promptly can under normal state, rotate at refrigerated medium pump 114 under this value, ECU 133 switches to generator with the running of motor generator set 120 from motor, so the electric energy that produces at motor generator set 120 places dashes electricity in battery 11 by inverter 141.
When the charge volume that charges into battery 11 reaches predetermined charge volume or judges any pathosis as ECU 133, ECU 133 will sever supply to the power supply of electromagnetic valve 58.Then, can flow into low pressure chambers 48 by bypass channel 56, make at the inlet side of expansion gear 112 and the pressure of outlet side and equate so open bypass channel 56 because be fed to the superheated steam refrigeration agent in hyperbaric chamber 45.Result as the attenuating of the pressure reduction between inlet side and the outlet side has therein stopped the rotation of expansion gear 112, thereby stops rankine cycle 110 operations.
In above-mentioned rankine cycle 110, the high pressure that is applied to expansion gear 112 obtains by the superheated steam refrigeration agent, and this superheated steam refrigeration agent heats by engine cooling water.The temperature of engine cooling water maintains 80 ° to 100 ° by temperature-adjusting device 4b.Therefore, be applied to annual the stablizing of high pressure of expansion gear 112.
On the other hand, the low pressure that is applied to expansion gear 112 relies on the condensation number of condensation device 113 and changes.The condensation number of condensation device 113 changes with ambient temperature.Therefore, be applied to the low pressure of expansion gear 112 even during the normal steady running after the rankine cycle 110 heating running, also have very big change.
Under the situation of fixed capacity formula expansion gear, should consider that annual environmental factor is identified for the allowance for expansion ratio of expansion gear 112.
Expanding volume is than passing through following equation expression:
Volume ratio=Vout1/Vin1=Vout2/Vin2,
Here " Vin1 " or " Vin2 " is for being formed on the volume of the V of working room of core (high pressure side) behind 46 short-terms of closing at inlet, and " Vout1 " or " Vout2 " is in the V of working room and short-term before discharge section 49 is communicated with, be formed on the volume of the V of working room of outer peripheral, as shown in Figure 3.
Such value when the volume ratio that expands is chosen in collection of energy rate maximum usually.When constant, considering the variation of ambient temperature because engine cooling water is in normal temperature to the high pressure of expansion gear 112.That is to say that the volume ratio of expansion is to select according to the mean temperature of the whole year, under such value, realize suitable expansion.
Under the situation of the volume ratio of selecting to be used for suitable expansion as mentioned above, as shown in Figure 4, overexpansion and not enough the expansion can not taken place under the specific environment temperature that realizes suitable expansion.
But, shown in Fig. 4 C, when ambient temperature is lower than the specific environment temperature that is used for suitable expansion, the not enough expansion can be taken place.And shown in Fig. 4 A, when ambient temperature is higher than the specific environment temperature that is used for suitable expansion, overexpansion can take place.
The shadow region A of every figure represents the actual expansive force (amount) by the superheated steam refrigeration agent flows into, expands and outflow obtains at the expansion gear place among Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 C.By the expansive force on the dotted line B area surrounded representation theory among every figure among Fig. 4 A to 4C.White portion C represents that power runs off.PH represents the on high-tension side pressure of expansion gear 112, and PL represents the pressure of the low voltage side of expansion gear 112.
Shown in Fig. 4 A, when the overexpansion of refrigeration agent takes place, can cause damage owing to overexpansion.When ambient temperature very high, such as when the summer, because the loss that overexpansion causes possibly can't obtain needed electric energy in motor generator set 120 sources.
In legacy system, preferentially provided from the heat of engine cooling water and obtained maximum working capacity.But, under the situation that produces electric energy, more preferably stably produce the amount of required electric energy of vehicle rather than the electric energy that increase produced.
In other words, under the environment of high ambient temperatures such as for example summer, more preferably suppress loss and obtain needed electric energy rather than the annual maximum electric energy production of acquisition.
But, according to the foregoing description, decision allowance for expansion ratio as described below.The high pressure side of expansion gear 112 and the pressure reduction between the low voltage side change within the specific limits, even when the heating running end back rankine cycle 110 that is being used for motor 6 is in stable running.The allowance for expansion that is used for expansion gear 112 is than being chosen to such value, promptly under this value, even if when pressure reduction is in minimum value in the above-mentioned scope, also realizes the value of suitable expansion (in other words, overexpansion and not enough the expansion not being taken place).
Or rather, expansion gear 112 on high-tension side pressure almost are constant in the whole year, but the pressure of low voltage side can change according to ambient temperature, so the pressure reduction between high pressure side and the low voltage side diminished in summer.The allowance for expansion that is used for expansion gear 12 is than being chosen to such value, promptly under this value, even if under summer in the daytime high ambient temperature, for example estimate under the pavement temperature between order in summer, in the daytime estimate under the maximum temperature in summer, or under the mean temperature of those days that temperature is the highest in the regular period in the highest one month of the mean temperature in some months, also realize suitable expansion (in other words, overexpansion or not enough the expansion not being taken place).
According to the foregoing description, condensation device 113 is used in rankine cycle 110 and the refrigeration cycle 3 jointly, can be bigger so be used to hold the condensation ability of refrigeration agent.The refrigeration agent that is used for rankine cycle 110 is identical with the refrigeration agent that is used for refrigeration cycle 3, for example, and HFC, HC or similar refrigeration agent.
In above-mentioned rankine cycle because the remaining between 80 ℃ to 100 ℃ of the temperature stabilization of engine cooling water, so expansion gear 112 on high-tension side pressure stabilitys remain on the value between the 2.0MPa to 2.5MPa.
On the other hand, influencing that the ambient temperature of condensation performance of condensation device 113 is annual can great changes have taken place.When ambient temperature was 30 ℃, pressure was increased to 1.1Mpa at the pressure of expansion gear 112 low voltage sides (outlet side); Otherwise when ambient temperature was 0 ℃, pressure reduced to 0.5Mpa at the pressure of expansion gear 112 low voltage sides (outlet side).
Be shown among Fig. 5 about the relation table between ratio of the allowance for expansion under the ambient temperature (5 ℃ to 30 ℃) and the expansion character ratio.
As shown in Figure 5, when high ambient temperature (at 30 ℃), can be at allowance for expansion than approximately being to reach suitable expansion at 2 o'clock.Along with the reduction of ambient temperature, be increased in the allowance for expansion ratio in the time of to arrive suitable the expansion.
According to the foregoing description, the allowance for expansion that is used for expansion gear 112 is than being chosen to such value, and this value is the value that reaches suitable expansion (do not have overexpansion, do not have not enough the expansion) in summer.More properly, pressure in the high pressure side be at 2.0MPa between the 2.5MPa, approximately be 1.1MPa at the pressure of low voltage side, and the allowance for expansion ratio is about 2.0.
That is to say that the allowance for expansion that is used for expansion gear 112 is than being chosen to such value, this value is the volume ratio that the high ambient temperature (for example, the temperature between 30 ℃ to 35 ℃) in summer is issued to suitable expansion.Allowance for expansion is than the value that preferably is chosen between 1.8 to 2.2, and the ratio of most preferably selecting is 2.0.
According to the waste heat collecting apparatus of the foregoing description, the allowance for expansion that is used for expansion gear 112 is than being selected in such value, under this value, in the excursion of pressure reduction, than realizing suitable expansion under the small pressure difference.That is to say that the value of allowance for expansion ratio is selected in 1.5 and 2.5 the scope, in this scope, realizes suitable expansion in summer, wherein the pressure of low voltage side uprises.The pressure of low voltage side changes along with the change of ambient temperature.
According to said structure, even if when the pressure liter of low voltage side increases owing to ambient temperature raises, also can stop the overexpansion in the expansion gear 112.As a result, can in the very wide temperature range of the actual use of vehicle, realize the stable operation that is used to produce electric energy.
Furtherly,, promptly should be worth down, realize suitable expansion in summer, therefore can annually produce stable electric energy because the volume ratio that expands is selected in such value.And no longer need traditional bypass channel and valving in the conventional art.
Can stop the generation of the loss that causes because of overexpansion, and can not cause structure complicated and improve its cost expansion gear 112.Can annually produce for the needed electric energy of car.The result simple in structure of expansion gear 112 reduces the failure probability of expansion gear 112, and therefore the reliability of rankine cycle 110 also improves.
The embodiment of above-mentioned explanation can improve by a lot of modes as following mode.
Refrigerated medium pump 114, expansion gear 112 and motor generator set 120 are installed in the single hydraulic mechanism integratedly.Yet these parts also can divide and else form independent fluid mechanism.
Refrigerated medium pump drives by expansion gear 112.Yet refrigerated medium pump also can drive by the motor that provides for refrigeration agent specially.
In addition, the rotating force of expansion gear 112 can be used as that kinetic energy charges into or be stored in spring, flywheel and similarly in the parts.
Some parts are used for rankine cycle 110 and refrigerant cycle 3 jointly.Rankine cycle 110 and refrigerant cycle 3 can form independently circulation.
In the above-described embodiments, the used heat (heat in engine cooling water) that comes from motor is used for the heating and cooling agent and obtains high-pressure energy.But refrigeration agent can pass through waste heat, such as the heat in the waste gas of motor 6, be created in battery 11 heat, be created in the heat of inverter 141, by the heat in the air of compressed, or the like.
In addition, the refrigeration agent burning energy that can produce by stove, solar energy or the like heating.
In the above-described embodiments, rankine cycle 110 is used to collect used heat, changes into rotating force with the heat energy that will collect.Other any devices except that rankine cycle 110 all can be used for operating expansion gear 112 runnings that drive by pressure reduction.
In the above-described embodiments, refrigeration agent cools off by outside air, to produce low pressure.Add heat when big when what be used for the heating and cooling agent, when for example utilizing the waste heating refrigeration agent of motor 6, engine cooling water can be used for the cooling refrigeration agent.
In this case, the pressure of low voltage side become stable, yet, change on high-tension side pressure.Therefore, the volume ratio that is used to expand is selected in such value, and this value when lowering in the excursion of on high-tension side pressure at pressure reduction, realizes suitable expansion down.
(embodiment two)
6 and 7 the second embodiment of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.With reference to Fig. 6 description architecture.Second embodiment shows the control system that is used for expansion gear, and this system applies is in use the expansion gear 112 that will be installed in the vehicle in rankine cycle.
The vehicle that is applied among the present invention is common passenger vehicle, and this passenger vehicle is equipped with as the water-cooled internal combustion engine (not shown) that is used for the driving source of vehicle driving.Alternator 50 is installed in the vehicle, and this alternator produces electric energy by the driving of motor.The electric energy that produces by alternator 150 charges in the battery 11 by inverter 141, and pours the electrical load 160 that battery 11 interior electric energy offer vehicle, for example head lamp, wiper motor, audio frequency apparatus or the like.
Expansion chamber is formed on fixedly between snail dish and the removable snail dish, and wherein when the superheated steam refrigeration agent expands in expansion chamber, removable snail dish coils with respect to fixing snail and rotates with orbiting.Removable snail Pan Chu is provided with the rotating crank device, therefore can obtain rotary driving force according to the orbiting of removable snail dish.
The rotating crank device has: drive pin, this drive pin are eccentric with respect to axle; And cylindrical bush, this lining has the hole centrifugal with respect to axle.The rotating crank device coils deflection at the removable snail of refrigeration agent phase of expansion chien shih dish to fixing snail.
On high-tension side pressure transducer 131 is arranged on the inlet side of expansion gear 112, promptly between heating equipment 111 and the expansion gear 112, is used to detect the pressure (below be also referred to as high side pressure P1) of the on high-tension side refrigeration agent of rankine cycle 110.The pressure signal that detects at pressure transducer 131 places outputs to controller 133 (as described below).
The pressure transducer 132 of low voltage side is arranged on the outlet side of expansion gear 112, promptly between expansion gear 112 and condensation device 113, is used to detect the pressure (below be also referred to as low-pressure lateral pressure P2) of refrigeration agent of the low voltage side of rankine cycle 110.The pressure signal that detects at pressure transducer 132 outputs in the controller 133 equally.
Electric energy generator 120 (for example synchronous generator) is connected to expansion gear 120.Electric energy generator 120 for example, is the three phase current electric generator, has the rotor (for example, containing the rotor of permanent magnet) of the rotating crank device (axle) that is connected to expansion gear 112, and the stator 122 with the three-phase coil that is arranged in rotor 121 peripheries.Electric energy generator 120 produces electric current according to the rotation of the rotor of the drive force of the rotation of passing through expansion gear 112 at stator 122 places.
The operation of above-mentioned generator 120 is controlled by the inverter 141 that is connected to stator 122.That is to say, thereby the electric current at inverter 141 control stators 122 places produces the rotating speed of the operation period control rotor 121 of electric energy at generator 120.Thereby the amount of the electric energy that control produces.The electric energy that produces is charged in the battery 11.The pressure differential deltap P that inverter 141 is supplied with according to slave controller 133 controls the rotating speed of rotor 121.
Operating process to the control system that is used for expansion gear (rankine cycle 110) describes with reference to flow chart shown in Figure 7.
So when the temperature of engine cooling water become be higher than predetermined temperature and can not from motor, obtain the used heat of q.s the time, liquid pump 114 and blast device 142 are activated to begin the operation of rankine cycle 110.
More specifically say, from the liquid refrigerant of condensation device 113 by liquid pump 114 pressurizations and supply to heating equipment 111.Liquid refrigerant is heated into the superheated steam refrigeration agent at heating equipment 111 places by the heat exchange with the high-temperature engine cooling water.The superheated steam refrigeration agent supplies to expansion gear 112.The superheated steam refrigeration agent expands in the mode of constant entropy in expansion gear and reduces pressure.As a result, removable snail dish rotates with orbiting, to produce rotary driving force by the rotating crank device that is connected to removable snail dish.Electric energy generator 120 is driven by rotary driving force, and the electric energy that produces at generator 120 places is charged in the battery by inverter 141.The electric energy that charges into battery is used for the electrical load 160 of vehicle.The result has reduced the load of alternator 150.The refrigeration agent that is depressurized in condensation device 113 is condensation and liquefaction in condensation device 113, and be inhaled in the liquid pump 114.
In the operating process of above-mentioned rankine cycle 110, consider the condensation number that adds heat and condensation device 113 places at heating equipment 111 places and the compression volume of regulating liquid pump 114.In addition, the amount of pressurization of liquid pump 114 is adjusted to the pressure differential deltap P that makes expansion gear 112 places and is controlled in predetermined pressure difference Δ Pth (being also referred to as default pressure reduction), and this pressure reduction is the necessary pressure reduction of rotating speed of target that expansion gear 112 and electric energy generator 120 is reached be used for valid function (electric energy generator).
In the ability separately of heating equipment, condensation device and other devices because under the situation of 110 operation periods of rankine cycle any former thereby the disengaging balance that becomes, actual pressure differential Δ P can become and be lower than predetermined pressure difference Δ Pth.If this thing happens, the overexpansion operation will occur in the expansion gear 112.Therefore, according to by the detected pressure differential deltap P of pressure-detecting device 130 (pressure transducer 131 and 132), control the rotating speed of electric energy generator 120 on one's own initiative.
As shown in Figure 7, at step S100, the operation of controller 133 (inverter 141) beginning rankine cycle 110.Controller 133 judges in step 110 whether pressure differential deltap P is lower than predetermined pressure difference Δ Pth.As described above, based on calculating pressure differential deltap P by controller 133 by pressure transducer 131 and 132 detected high side pressure P1 and low-pressure lateral pressure P2.When pressure differential deltap P was lower than predetermined pressure difference Δ Pth, controller 133 was at step S120 control inverter 141, and the rotating speed of electric energy generator 120 reduces predetermined amount like this.
At step S110 is that just when pressure differential deltap P was higher than predetermined pressure difference Δ Pth, controller 133 was at step S130 control inverter 141, so the rotating speed of electric energy generator 120 is controlled at rotating speed of target under the situation not.Process turns back to step S110 from step S120 or S130, thereby repeats above-mentioned work.
As mentioned above, the rotating speed of motor generator set 120 lowers in step 120.The rotating speed of thermal expansion equipment 120 correspondingly lowers.Because expansion gear 112 carries out work as the fluid flow resistance device to circuit refrigeration agent in rankine cycle 110, so the high side pressure P1 of expansion gear can increase.Thereby pressure differential deltap P increases towards predetermined pressure differential deltap Pth.As mentioned above, because actual pressure differential Δ P is controlled in the value that is higher than predetermined pressure difference Δ Pth, therefore can prevents the overexpansion operation at expansion gear 112 places, and can realize stable expansive working.
When pressure differential deltap P becomes less than predetermined pressure difference Δ Pth, thereby the field current of electric energy generator 120 can improve Magnetic flux density, as the device that is used to increase pressure differential deltap P, replace the inverter 141 (being used to reduce the device of the quantity of rotation) of electric energy generator 120.That is to say that the rotor 121 of motor generator set 120 is formed by the conductive coil that replaces permanent magnet, improves Magnetic flux density by the field current of bringing up on this conductive coil.As a result, increase the required torque that is used for motor generator set 120, thereby reduced the quantity of rotation.Correspondingly, can increase pressure differential deltap P.
(embodiment three)
The third embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 8 and 9.In the 3rd embodiment, condensation device 113 and blast device 142 form the device 140A that is used to increase pressure differential deltap P.In the 3rd embodiment, use identical reference mark, to represent same or analogous part and the parts among the 3rd embodiment.
As shown in Figure 8, the 3rd embodiment's blast device 142 forms the electric blast device that is used for cold air is blown to condensation device 113.The rotating speed of electricity blast device 142 is by controller 133 controls.The 3rd embodiment's operating process will be controlled by flow chart as shown in Figure 9.In Fig. 9, step S120 shown in Figure 7 and step S130 replace to step S120A and step S120B.
When the pressure reduction of judging expansion gear 112 places at step S110 when controller 133 was lower than predetermined pressure difference Δ Pth, the rotating speed of controller 133 control blast devices 142 increased desired speed.Just, make the air conditioning quantity that supplies to condensation device 113 increase prearranging quatity.
At step S110 is under the situation not, and just when pressure differential deltap P was higher than predetermined pressure difference Δ Pth, at step S130A, controller 133 was controlled blast devices 142, and therefore the rotating speed of electric blast device 142 is controlled at rotating speed of target.Process turns back to step S110 from step S120A or S130A, thereby repeats above-mentioned work.
As mentioned above, when the rotating speed of blast device 142 when step S120A improves, the condensation device 113 that operates in that is used for condensating refrigerant carries out easily, so the pressure P 2 of low voltage side lowers.As a result, pressure differential deltap P increase becomes and is close to predetermined pressure difference Δ Pth.The overexpansion of expansion gear 112 is similarly stoped in the mode identical with the 3rd embodiment.And Pth can reach stable expansive working based on the predetermined pressure difference Δ.
(embodiment four)
The fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 10 and 11.In the 4th embodiment, liquid pump 114, the inverter 144 that is used to drive the motor of liquid pump 114 and is used to control motor 143 form the device 140B that is used to increase pressure differential deltap P.Inverter 144 slave controllers 133 read pressure differential deltap P and control motor 143.The identical reference mark that uses in the 4th embodiment is represented same or analogous part and parts in the 4th embodiment.
The 4th embodiment's operation will be controlled by flow chart as shown in figure 11.In Figure 11, step 120S shown in Figure 7 and 130S are replaced by step S120B and step S130B.
The pressure differential deltap P that judges expansion gear 112 places in step 110 when controller 133 is lower than predetermined pressure difference Δ Pth, and controller 133 increases predetermined rotating speed by the rotating speed of inverter 144 control motor 143.That is to say that the pressure capacity of liquid pump 114 increases predetermined amount.
At step S110 is under the situation not, and just when pressure differential deltap P was higher than predetermined pressure difference Δ Pth, controller 133 was at step S130B control motor 143, so the rotating speed of liquid pump 114 is controlled at rotating speed of target.Process turns back to step S110 from step S130B or S120B, thereby repeats aforesaid operations.
As mentioned above, therefore the pressure capacity in that step S120B improves liquid pump 114 increases on high-tension side pressure P 1.As a result, pressure differential deltap P is increased to become and approaches predetermined pressure difference Δ Pth.The overexpansion of expansion gear 112 is similarly to be stoped with the same mode of second embodiment.And can reach stable expansive working based on predetermined pressure difference Δ Pth.
When pressure differential deltap P becomes when being lower than predetermined pressure difference Δ Pth, thereby the field current that can reduce motor 143 reduces Magnetic flux density, as the device that is used to improve pressure differential deltap P, has replaced the inverter 144 (being used to increase the device of rotation number) of motor 143.That is to say that the rotor of motor 143 is formed by conductive coil, the field current that flows to this conductive coil by minimizing reduces Magnetic flux density.As a result, reduced and be used for motor 143 necessary moments of torsion, thereby increased rotation number.Therefore, increase the pressure capacity of liquid pump 114, and then increased pressure differential deltap P.
(other improvement)
In the above-described embodiments, at the pressure transducer on the high pressure side 131 be arranged between heating equipment 111 and the expansion gear 112 and between expansion gear 112 and the condensation device 113 at the pressure transducer on the low voltage side 132.Yet pressure transducer 131 also can be arranged between liquid pump 114 and the heating equipment 111, and pressure transducer 132 also can be arranged between condensation device 113 and the liquid pump 114.
Expansion gear control system of the present invention is applied to the control system of expansion gear, and this expansion gear is used for rankine cycle 110.Yet control system of the present invention also may be used on being used for the control system of the expansion gear of Brayton engine (Brayton produces mechanokinetic with gas turbine) circulation (turbine device).
Claims (21)
1. a used heat that is used for vehicle is collected assembling device, comprising:
Engine cooling circuit (1), engine cooling water circulates through described engine cooling circuit; And
Rankine cycle (110), described rankine cycle comprises expansion gear (112), condensation device (113), refrigerated medium pump (114) and heating equipment (111), described expansion gear (112), condensation device (113), refrigerated medium pump (114) and heating equipment (111) connect into the closed-loop path, thereby the operation by described refrigerated medium pump (114) circulates refrigeration agent in described closed-loop path, wherein
Described heating equipment (111) is arranged in the engine cooling circuit (1), and be used to utilize the heat of engine cooling water to heat the refrigeration agent of described rankine cycle, thereby make described refrigeration agent change into high pressure, high temperature refrigerant,
Described heating equipment (111) is connected to the inlet side of described expansion gear (112), is used to supply with high-pressure refrigerant to described expansion gear (112),
Described condensation device (113) is connected to the outlet side of described expansion gear (112), be used for by with the heat exchange cooling of ambient air and condensation refrigeration agent from described expansion gear (112), thereby the pressure that makes the refrigeration agent of described expansion gear (112) outlet side depends on the performance of described condensation device (113)
Described expansion gear (112) is the hydraulic mechanism of fixed discharge amount type, and the output shaft (29) of described expansion gear (112) is subjected to rotary driving by the expansion of the refrigeration agent in the working room of described expansion gear (V), carry out the expansion of refrigeration agent by the pressure reduction of the refrigeration agent between the low pressure of the high pressure of the inlet side of described expansion gear (112) and outlet side, and
The allowance for expansion of described expansion gear (112) is than being selected in such value, and promptly under this value, the pressure reduction between high pressure and low pressure hour reaches the suitable expansion of refrigeration agent.
2. waste heat collecting apparatus according to claim 1 also comprises:
Refrigeration cycle (3), described refrigeration cycle (3) have the compression set (14) that is operably connected to motor (6), condenser and vaporizer (18) and drives by motor (6), condenser and vaporizer (18),
The described condensation device (113) of wherein said rankine cycle (110) is common with the condenser that acts on refrigeration plant (3).
3. waste heat collecting apparatus according to claim 2, the allowance for expansion that wherein is used for expansion gear (112) is than the value that is selected between 1.5 to 2.5.
4. device that the used heat that is used for vehicle is collected comprises:
Rankine cycle (110), described rankine cycle has expansion gear (112), condensation device (113), refrigerated medium pump (114) and heating equipment (111), wherein expansion gear (112), condensation device (113), refrigerated medium pump (114) and heating equipment (111) connect into the closed-loop path, circulate thereby make refrigeration agent pass through operating in the closed-loop path of described refrigerated medium pump (114), described expansion gear (112) produces rotary driving force by the expansion of refrigeration agent;
Motor generator set (120), when the rotary driving force of described motor generator set (120) by described expansion gear driven when rotating, the described expansion gear (11) that described motor generator set is operably connected to is used to produce electric energy;
Pressure-detecting device (130), described pressure-detecting device (130) are used to detect the pressure reduction (Δ P) of the refrigeration agent between the pressure of the on high-tension side pressure of expansion gear (112) and expansion gear (112) low voltage side; And
Supercharging equipment (140), described supercharging equipment are used for increasing pressure reduction (Δ P) at the pressure reduction (Δ P) that detects by described pressure-detecting device (130) during less than predetermined pressure difference (Δ Pth), so pressure reduction (Δ P) becomes more approaching with predetermined pressure difference (Δ Pth).
5. rotating force generation device comprises:
Be used to produce the high-voltage generator (111) of the high pressure of working fluid;
Be used to produce the low pressure generating means (113) of the low pressure of working fluid;
Expansion gear (112), described expansion gear have the fixed discharge amount and the low pressure that produces by the high pressure that produces by described high-voltage generator (111) with by low pressure generating means (113) between the pressure reduction rotating output shaft (29) of working fluid,
The allowance for expansion that wherein is used for described expansion gear (112) is than being selected in such value, and under this value, the pressure reduction between high pressure and low pressure hour reaches the suitable expansion of working fluid.
6. rotating force generation device according to claim 5, wherein said high-voltage generator (111) comprises heating equipment, described heating equipment uses the heat heated working fluid that produces from vehicle.
7. rotating force generation device according to claim 6, wherein said high-voltage generator (111) comprises heating equipment, described heating equipment uses the heat heated working fluid of engine cooling water.
8. rotating force generation device according to claim 5, wherein
Described low pressure generating means (113) comprises condensation device, and therefore described condensation device lowers the pressure of working fluid by ambient air cooling work fluid, and
The allowance for expansion that is used for described expansion gear (112) is than being selected in such value, under this value, during summer, reach the suitable expansion of working fluid, wherein when the pressure of locating to produce at low pressure generating means (113) during summer becomes higher than the pressure in other seasons.
9. rotating force generation device according to claim 5, wherein
Described low pressure generating means (113) comprises condensation device, and described condensation device is used for rankine cycle (110) and refrigeration cycle (3) publicly, and
The allowance for expansion that is used for described expansion gear (112) is than the value that is selected between 1.5 and 2.5.
10. rotating force generation device according to claim 5, wherein motor generator set (120) is by the electric energy of described output shaft (29) driving to produce.
11. a control system that is used for expansion gear comprises:
Expansion gear (112), described expansion gear are used for producing rotary driving force by the expansion of high pressure-temperature working fluid;
Motor generator set (120), described motor generator set (120) drives by the rotary driving force of described expansion gear (112);
Pressure-detecting device (130), described pressure-detecting device are used for detecting the pressure reduction (Δ P) of the working fluid between the pressure of the low voltage side of the on high-tension side pressure of described expansion gear (112) and described expansion gear (112); And
Supercharging equipment (140), described supercharging equipment are used for increasing pressure reduction (Δ P) when the pressure reduction (Δ P) that detects by described pressure-detecting device (130) is lower than predetermined pressure difference (Δ Pth), thereby make pressure reduction (Δ P) become more approaching with predetermined pressure difference (Δ Pth).
12. the control system that is used for expansion gear according to claim 11, wherein said expansion gear (112) is coiled device, and this coiled device comprises:
Removable snail dish, described removable snail dish be by the expansive force of working fluid, coils with respect to fixing snail and rotate with orbiting; And
Crank device, described rotating crank device is set to described removable snail dish, described crank device is used for producing rotary driving force along the orbiting of described removable snail dish, and described fixedly snail is coiled and described removable snail dish mutually promotes the other side owing to the effect of rotating crank device at working fluid between the phase of expansion
13. the control system that is used for expansion gear according to claim 11, wherein said pressure-detecting device (130) comprising:
Pressure transducer (131) and pressure transducer (132), described pressure transducer (131) are used to detect the on high-tension side pressure (P1) of expansion gear, and described pressure transducer (132) is used to detect the pressure (P2) of expansion gear low voltage side; And
Controller (133), described controller are used for the difference between the low pressure (P2) of on high-tension side high pressure (P1) and low voltage side is calculated as pressure reduction (Δ P).
14. the control system that is used for expansion gear according to claim 11, wherein supercharging equipment (140) comprising:
Motor generator set (120); And
Be used to reduce the device (141) of the rotational speed of described motor generator set (120).
15. the control system that is used for expansion gear according to claim 14, the device (141) that wherein is used to reduce the rotational speed of described electric energy generator (120) are the inverters that is used to control the rotational speed of described motor generator set (120).
16. the control system that is used for expansion gear according to claim 14, the device (141) that wherein is used to reduce the rotational speed of described motor generator set (120) comprises the Magnetic flux density device, and described Magnetic flux density device is used for being used for by raising the excitation raising Magnetic flux density of the coil of described motor generator set (120) rotor.
17. the control system that is used for expansion gear according to claim 11, wherein
Described expansion gear (112) is used for rankine cycle (110), and
Described supercharging equipment (140) comprising:
Condensation device (113), described condensation device are set on the low voltage side of described rankine cycle (110); And
Be used for improving the device (142) of condensation ability at described condensation device (113).
18. the control system that is used for expansion gear according to claim 17, wherein
Be used for comprising at the described device (142) that described condensation device (113) improves the condensation ability being used for the blast device of blow air to described condensation device (113), wherein said blast device (142) is increased to the air quantity of described condensation device (113).
19. the control system of expansion gear according to claim 11, wherein
Described thermal expansion equipment (112) is used for rankine cycle (110), and
Described supercharging equipment (140) comprising:
Liquid pump (114), described liquid pump (114) are used for supplying to the pressurization of the working fluid of the low voltage side of rankine cycle (110) and the working fluid that will pressurize the high pressure side of rankine cycle (110); And
Be used to improve the device (144) of the rotating speed of described liquid pump (114).
20. the control system that is used for expansion gear according to claim 19, the described device (144) that wherein is used to improve the rotating speed of described liquid pump (114) comprises the inverter (144) of the rotating speed that is used to control motor generator set (143), is used to drive liquid pump (114).
21. the control system that is used for expansion gear according to claim 20, the described device (144) that wherein is used to improve the rotating speed of liquid pump (114) comprises the equipment of the Magnetic flux density that is used to reduce motor generator set (143), and the excitation that described equipment is used for being used for by reduction motor generator set (143) drives liquid pump (114).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006081426A JP2007255327A (en) | 2006-03-23 | 2006-03-23 | Expander controlling device |
| JP2006081426 | 2006-03-23 | ||
| JP2006140295 | 2006-05-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101042094A true CN101042094A (en) | 2007-09-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100893514A Pending CN101042094A (en) | 2006-03-23 | 2007-03-23 | Waste heat collecting system having expansion device |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2007255327A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101042094A (en) |
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| CN105986840A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2016-10-05 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Heat-collecting-type power generation system |
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| CN106523056A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-03-22 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Organic working medium rankine cycle system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2007255327A (en) | 2007-10-04 |
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