CN101040353A - Transformer device for generating an ignition voltage for internal combustion engines - Google Patents
Transformer device for generating an ignition voltage for internal combustion engines Download PDFInfo
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- CN101040353A CN101040353A CNA2005800081493A CN200580008149A CN101040353A CN 101040353 A CN101040353 A CN 101040353A CN A2005800081493 A CNA2005800081493 A CN A2005800081493A CN 200580008149 A CN200580008149 A CN 200580008149A CN 101040353 A CN101040353 A CN 101040353A
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- conversion equipment
- ferromagnetic core
- secondary winding
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- elementary winding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
- H01F38/12—Ignition, e.g. for IC engines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
- H01F27/363—Electric or magnetic shields or screens made of electrically conductive material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/346—Preventing or reducing leakage fields
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
Abstract
The invention relates to a transformer device for generating an ignition voltage for internal combustion engines comprising a primary winding (12), a secondary winding (26), a ferromagnetic core (28) and an electrode (32), which is situated opposite one end (38) of the core (28) and which is connected to the secondary winding (26) and can be connected to a spark gap. Said end (38) of the ferromagnetic core has a continuously curved transition between the lateral surface and the face.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the conversion equipment according to claim 1 preamble, it is used to produce the ignition voltage of internal combustion engine.This kind conversion equipment has elementary winding, can apply primary voltage on it; Secondary winding, but inductive secondary voltage therein; Ferromagnetic core, it is disposed in elementary winding and the secondary winding; And electrode, it is relative with ferromagnetic core one end, and it links to each other with secondary winding and can link to each other with spark gap (Funkenstrecke).
Background technology
Such conversion equipment is for example known in DE101 43 055 A1.In the described therein conversion equipment, elementary winding and secondary winding, ferromagnetic core and electrode are placed in the enclosure and with filler (Vergussmasse) embedding.Shell one end opens wide, and can directly be installed on the spark plug, and this spark plug is threaded into engine cylinder-body.Realize compact Layout with this, wherein ignition voltage produces in its place of needs exactly, promptly spark plug directly near.Its advantage is avoided to the high-tension main of spark gap and EMV (Electro Magnetic Compatibility) problem that interrelates therewith.Other prior aries are open in patent documentation US 6 522 232 B2, EP 1284488 A2, EP 0 827 163 A2, DE 101 02 342 A1, US 6 191 674 B1, GB725 722 and US 2 107 973.
Because this kind conversion equipment is disposed in the engine cylinder-body, typical way is the groove in cylinder head, so that it must be configured to necessarily is little and compact.The compactedness of such conversion equipment is more and more important, because be used for automobile, built more and more forr a short time especially for car and the internal combustion engine in the motorcycle sport field with respect to its power.The high secondary voltage of generation causes the highfield in the conversion equipment again inevitably in narrow space.In order not produce electrical breakdown having between the components and parts of different electromotive forces, they are mutually insulated effectively.
Occur such problem in practice, promptly the insulating material in the conversion equipment is aging relatively apace.The IEC-rules (Richtlinie) (IEC 505) of the assessment of the electric device insulation system according to 1953 and evaluation, concept of ageing are understood that " variation that the ability to work of shielding system is irreversible, harmful ".
Summary of the invention
Task of the present invention is, a kind of conversion equipment is provided, and wherein the aging of insulating material delayed.According to a first aspect of the invention, this task is solved by the feature of claim 1, as next further specifying.Favourable improvement project is illustrated in the dependent claims.
The inventor finds in experimental study that the partial discharge phenomenon in the cavity little, that part is micro-is the aging main cause of insulating material.In the sort of conversion equipment that this paper introductory song place is mentioned, because the cavity of this insulating material appears in a variety of causes.In cast material (Vergusswerkstoff), may promptly so-called shrinkage cavity (Lunker) cavity appear, when using the casting resin of incomplete degasification or by chemical side reactions.In addition, may for example by hot mechanical load the crack appear on the interface of different insulative material.At last, by so-called " electric branch (electrical treeing) " (langgestreckte) dendroid (veraestelte) cavity that the length parallel with field direction is extended longways may appear when big electrical load.
The theory of partial discharge process for example has detailed explanation and description in the cavity in the academic dissertation " Bewertung von Teilentladungen in spaltfoermigenIsolierstoffdefekten " of the Katrin of Univ Dortmund Engel.Shown the feature of partial discharge in the cavity with the interactional process gas discharge of insulating material.Wherein, process gas discharge impacts and ultraviolet radiation by consequent charge carrier, changes the surface of insulating material by chemical breakdown and erosion, and this finally causes the aging of insulating material.Partial discharge is lighted a fire by the existence of so-called starting electronics, as long as the electric field strength that exists surpasses threshold value, promptly so-called filling field intensity (Einsetzfeldstaerke).
The present invention is based on such understanding, if promptly electrode and ferromagnetic core and the electrode opposite end between all be lower than the filling field intensity of partial discharge by the electric field that secondary voltage caused, then can suppress partial discharge, and therefore can suppress the aging of insulating material.It is achieved in that to be the transition that has the continuous bend between shell surface (Mantelflaeche) and front end face (Stirnflaeche) in the face of the end of electrode of ferromagnetic core in the present invention.
According to first feature of this solution, avoid the seamed edge between common in known ferromagnetic core, shell surface and the front end face, and therefore avoid equally because the field intensity that increase the interior part of such seamed edge scope that the charge carrier increase in density causes in the seamed edge scope.Thus, the probability that occurs partial discharge in the end ranges of ferromagnetic core is reduced in practice significantly, and the aging of insulating material delayed significantly.
In addition, preferably, the face in the face of ferromagnetic core of electrode is configured to recessed shape.This causes the equilibrium and the homogenizing of electric field between ferromagnetic core and the electrode, and therefore causes reducing of local field strength equally, further specifies by embodiment as following.
Require emphasis, any one all is suitable for reducing the intensity of electric field between electrode and the ferromagnetic core in two features.In this case, these two features can realize the solution of this task separately.But good especially result is that the combination by these two features obtains.
Can obtain like this at the described end that between shell surface and front end face, has the ferromagnetic core of continuous transition of the characteristic of independent claims, promptly cylindric or angle type magnetic core be carried out rounding at its end in the face of electrode and handle (abgerundet).It is uncommon in the prior art that the rounding of magnetic core end is handled because for avoiding eddy current, core body is made up of the layer of mutual electrical isolation, these layers when processing core body end by rotating or milling and ruptured.Aspect this, exist at technology prejudice according to ferromagnetic core structure of the present invention.But the present invention has realized making the layer of ferromagnetic core so closely to couple together, so that can the end processing of ferromagnetic core not caused the separation of layer.
In a favourable improvement project, the end of ferromagnetic core makes up by permanent magnet.Under this kind situation, the continuous bend transition between shell surface described above and the front end face is by realizing in the face of at least permanent magnet being carried out suitable rounding processing on the electrode side at ferromagnetic core.The rounded permanent magnet of this kind is uncommon equally, because permanent magnet is manufactured into continuous casting shape (Strangprofilen) usually in sintering process (Sinterprozess), and the shape in blocks that fractureed then.
Preferably, the front end face relative with electrode of ferromagnetic core is protruding (konvex).Wherein, preferably, the curvature of the front end face of projection is along with increasing to the increase of the distance of ferromagnetic core axis.Therefore, the curvature of front end face of projection thus, is lowered with respect to the surface charge density of the scope of deep camber more in the scope of axis, promptly stretch out in farthest the scope minimumly on electrode direction, and the electric field strength in therefore should the zone is reduced equally.
In a favourable improvement project, electrode has cup-like portion, and its opening surface is to ferromagnetic core.By cup-shaped structure, it is interior also therefore to a certain extent by balanced (entzerrt) that the electric field between electrode and the ferromagnetic core is assigned to bigger spatial dimension on the one hand, thereby field intensity is lowered; Field intensity spatially homogenized (homogenisiert) on the other hand, thus avoid occurring the local field intensity that raises.This influence of the cup-like portion of electrode is further specified by an embodiment hereinafter.
For between cup-like portion and the ferromagnetic core possible even distributed architecture, a kind of layout is desirable, and wherein the inner surface of cup-like portion is parallel to the surface of the end of facing it of ferromagnetic core.In a favourable improvement project, approximate this ideal structure, because cup-like portion has the basal cross section that is set up perpendicular to the ferromagnetic core axis, and has a wall cross section, it surrounds the space between basal cross section and ferromagnetic element front end face, the distance in the face of between every bit on the part of ferromagnetic core and the ferromagnetic core on the surface in its mesospore cross section is a basal cross section to 0.5 to 2.5 times of the distance of front end face and ferromagnetic core axis intersection point, is preferably 0.75 to 1.8 times.By this layout, produce for putting into practice the enough uniform fields of purpose, it is used to avoid partial discharge effectively.
Preferably, conversion equipment has sleeve shaped secondary winding skeleton, arranges secondary winding on it, and it at one end is connected with cup-like portion.
In known conversion equipment, fill with the filler of electric insulation in the gap between the parts of conversion equipment, and filler comprises synthetic resin and filler.Wherein, the function of filler has, and the thermal coefficient of expansion of filler and the thermal coefficient of expansion of parts, the coefficient of expansion of for example electrode metal are complementary.
According to a second aspect of the invention, reduced insulating material-promptly be the possibility that partial discharge appears in filler-Nei in this example in the following manner at all, the dielectric constant that is filler is 0.5 times to 1.5 times of synthetic resin dielectric constant, be preferably 0.8 to 1.25 times, and be preferably 0.9 to 1.2 times especially.
The inventor has been found that in the filler that the spatial distribution of filler there is no need or not exclusively evenly.For example, the filler that may occur increasing on the surface of secondary winding is assembled, and only has the resin that isozygotys at the turn-to-turn of secondary winding, because the turn-to-turn gap of secondary winding is too little, filling agent particle can not infiltrate in it.Under this example situation, secondary winding serves as the filter of filler to a certain extent.
Because in conventional fillers, the dielectric constant of filler and the dielectric constant of synthetic resin have marked difference, so the fluctuation that filler is assembled spatially causes the dielectric constant of filler spatially to fluctuate.Dielectric constant fluctuation spatially causes passing the electric field fluctuation spatially of filler again, because dielectric dielectric constant that electric field strength and it are passed through is inversely proportional to.
Electric field strength fluctuation spatially with triple modes to insulating material-be filler-ageing process negative effect is arranged.The first, the electric field strength that it causes the part to be increased, this electric field strength may cause the partial discharge in the cavity.The second, mechanical force appears in the place of field intensity same sudden change owing to the sudden change of dielectric constant.Because this power continued presence under the conversion equipment operating state, so from long-range visual angle, it is to the material stress application, and the connection of material little by little weakened, thereby the crack may occur, partial discharge may occur again then in the crack.
The 3rd, the inventor finds that in experimental study the space wave that causes owing to the filler uneven distribution of electric field strength not only causes producing cavity, and the cavity that exists in the remarkable acceleration insulating material in practice or the growth of fault location.As above illustrated, insulating material is corroded by the partial discharge in the cavity.This corrosion causes for example being called as the growth of the cavity of " electric branch ".The interior partial discharge of cavity occurs frequent more, and this increases just fast more.If electric field strength is because filler uneven distribution and the local field intensity that increases then appears in surging spatially, it can cause partial discharge and quicken the growth of cavity.
In described situation here, the spatial distribution that is difficult to occur filler is a statistical property, and therefore not only inhomogeneous, and is mixed and disorderly on microcosmic.Mixed and disorderly or the uncertain mixed and disorderly distribution that causes local too high electric field strength of the distribution that filler is assembled, this causes the partial discharge in the different piece of the cavity that spreads again, and makes it to increase in different directions.The mixed and disorderly distribution of the field intensity that increases by the part has produced the much more possibility that increases for the cavity by partial discharge, resembles the too high the sort of situation of electric field that for example occurs in the boundary face along two different dielectrics definition.Thereby cavity may spread easily and apace because mixed and disorderly field is too high.
In sum, the inventor recognizes that the fluctuation that filler is assembled spatially is the reason that fault location occurs in insulating material, partial discharge and fault location accelerated growth occur in the fault location that has existed, and therefore quickens the aging of insulating material.
The reason of this accelerated ageing can be suppressed by the adjustment of the dielectric constant of filler and synthetic resin effectively by said method.If the dielectric constant of filler and synthetic resin only departs from described degree each other, then when filler distributed in synthetic resin unevenly, the dielectric constant of filler integral body was evenly approximate.Therefore, even when the filler uneven distribution, avoided the partial discharge in the filler, and the appearance of fault location and growth be suppressed, thereby the aging quilt of filler postpones effectively.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the described adjustment of the dielectric constant of filler and synthetic resin also is used to solve and the identical task of feature according to the claim 1 of first aspect present invention.But emphasize that second aspect also can irrespectively be implemented with first aspect.
Can belong to the parts that fill with filler in above mentioned its gap with one or more in the lower part: elementary winding skeleton, secondary winding skeleton, electrode, the electrode, ferromagnetic core and/or the metal shell that link to each other and also can link to each other with secondary winding with spark gap.
As long as mentioned parts are made of plastics, then the dielectric constant of plastics is 0.5 to 1.5 times of dielectric constant of filler in a favourable improvement project, is preferably 0.8 to 1.25 times, and is preferably 0.9 to 1.2 times especially.Thus, many degree saltus step of dielectric constant and negative results described above on the interlayer have been avoided between filler and parts.
In a favourable improvement project, synthetic resin is epoxy resin, and filler is quartzy.
Another aspect of the present invention is the Electro Magnetic Compatibility at conversion equipment.The inventor finds that pilot spark is the most important source of electromagnetic interference in emulation and test EMV test.
According to a third aspect of the invention we, the conductive layer that links to each other with earth potential (Massepotential) is set between elementary winding and secondary winding.Avoided thus, be transferred on the car electrics network (Bord-Netz) that links to each other with elementary winding of automobile through the capacitive couplings between secondary winding and the elementary winding by the interference that pilot spark produced.Thereby can avoid the interference of the control electronics that links to each other with the car electrics network effectively.
Require emphasis, irrespectively in conversion equipment, also be possible and be favourable using the conductive layer that links to each other with earth potential between elementary winding and secondary winding with the feature of above-mentioned conversion equipment.This feature has also showed fundamentally and the advantageous contribution to prior art.
Conductive layer preferably is adjacent to be set directly on the elementary winding.This makes conductive layer to the secondary winding distance farthest.Thereby the electric field strength between conductive layer and the secondary winding can be retained as very little.
Conductive layer can make up by film, perhaps coated, evaporation or be imprinted on the framework material especially.
Preferably, secondary winding is set in the elementary winding at least in part.This kind arrange-wherein secondary winding interior and elementary winding outside-compare with common opposite layout, under the identical situation of conversion equipment diameter, cause the electric field strength that reduces in the conversion equipment, and help avoiding partial discharge.
Conversion equipment preferably has the elementary winding skeleton of sleeve shaped, and elementary winding is set thereon.In a particularly preferred form of implementation, above-mentioned conductive layer is set on the outer circumference surface of elementary winding skeleton.So elementary winding skeleton is used to make conductive layer and secondary winding space and with respect to the secondary winding isolate conductive layers.Preferably, above-mentioned secondary winding skeleton is set in the elementary winding skeleton, and fill with filler in the gap between elementary winding skeleton and the secondary winding skeleton.
In an optional form of implementation, the circle of elementary winding can connect by the baking vanish (Backlack) of conduction or the adhesive (Klebstoff) of conduction, and it forms conductive layer, so, do not need elementary winding skeleton.
Description of drawings
Other advantage and feature draw from following description, wherein by means of embodiment the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.Wherein show:
Fig. 1 represents the longitudinal profile view of elementary winding and elementary winding skeleton under the disassembled state.
Fig. 2 is illustrated in the longitudinal profile view of elementary winding and elementary winding skeleton under the state that is assembled together.
Fig. 3 is illustrated in the perspective view of elementary winding and elementary winding skeleton under the state that is assembled together.
Fig. 4 is illustrated in the longitudinal profile view of secondary winding under the disassembled state, secondary winding skeleton, ferromagnetic core, conduction pin and electrode.
Fig. 5 is illustrated in the longitudinal profile view of element shown in Figure 4 under the state that is assembled together.
Fig. 6 is illustrated in the perspective view of element shown in Figure 4 under the state that is assembled together.
Fig. 7 represents the longitudinal profile view of the igniting conversion equipment of the improvement project according to the present invention.
The perspective view of the igniting conversion equipment of Fig. 8 presentation graphs 7.
Fig. 9 represents the indicative icon according to the distribution of electric field between the electrode of prior art and electromagnet core one end.
Figure 10 represents in the one embodiment of the invention indicative icon of Electric Field Distribution between the electrode and ferromagnetic core.
Figure 11 represents the radial section indicative icon by a conversion equipment part among Fig. 7.
The conversion equipment part that Figure 12 represents to show among Figure 11 radially in the electrostatic potential curve, it is corresponding to two fillers with different fillers.
Figure 13 represents the electric field curve corresponding to Figure 12.
Figure 14 represents according to prior art indicative icon by the interference path of the caused disturbing pulse of pilot spark in ignition transformer, and
Figure 15 represents in the ignition transformer according to an embodiment of the invention the indicative icon by the interference path of the caused disturbing pulse of pilot spark.
Embodiment
Among Fig. 1, elementary winding skeleton 10 and elementary winding 12 are expressed with longitudinal profile under the state of taking apart, and in Fig. 2, elementary winding skeleton 10 and elementary winding 12 are expressed with longitudinal profile with the state that is assembled together.Elementary winding skeleton 10 is made by the plastics of insulation, and has the sleeve shaped that has near cylindrical cavity 14.End at cavity 14 has opening 16, and its diameter is reduced with respect to the diameter of cavity 14.
The circumferential surface of elementary winding skeleton 10 is coated with conductive layer 18, and this conductive layer is made up by film or by evaporation or be imprinted on the elementary winding skeleton.Conductive layer 18 is in the conversion equipment of assembling fully link to each other with earth potential (seeing Figure 15).Elementary winding 12 has two joints 20 and 22, is used to apply primary voltage.In Fig. 3, elementary winding skeleton 10 and elementary winding 12 are demonstrated in the mode of having an X-rayed with the state that is assembled together.
In Fig. 4, secondary winding skeleton 24, secondary winding 26, ferromagnetic core 28, conduction pin 30 and electrode 32 are demonstrated with longitudinal sectional view with the state that is separated from each other.
As the elementary winding skeleton 10 that Fig. 1 describes in Fig. 3, secondary winding skeleton 24 is made by the plastics of insulation equally, and is the sleeve shaped that has cylindrical cavity 34.Ferromagnetic core 28 comprises the cylindrical soft iron rod of being made up of the thin layer of a plurality of mutual electric insulations (Lamellen) (Weicheisenstab) 36, and the permanent magnet 38 that is set at the end of soft iron rod 36.Permanent magnet 38 usefulness and the opposite polarity polarity magnetization soft iron rod 36 that on the joint 20,22 of elementary winding 12, applies the magnetic field that primary voltage produces.
Therefore, by on the joint 20,22 of elementary winding 12, applying primary voltage, with the polarization ground magnetization of soft iron rod 36 in contrast to permanent magnet 38.If interrupt primary voltage in order to produce ignition voltage, then soft iron core is accepted its output magnetization, and induces the necessary secondary voltage of igniting in secondary winding 26.By the premagnetization of permanent magnet, energy stored in the magnetic field is increased, and this makes the flow of charge that increases on the spark gap become possibility.
In Fig. 5, the parts among Fig. 4 are demonstrated with longitudinal profile under the state of assembling.Ferromagnetic core 28 is set in the cavity 34 of secondary winding skeleton 24.One end of secondary winding skeleton 24 seals with the cup-like portion 40 of electrode 32.After in the cavity 34 of secondary winding skeleton 24 that ferromagnetic core 28 is packed into, to filler 48 cast of cavity 34 usefulness insulation.In order not comprise air in the scope in the cup-like portion 44 of electrode 32 during cavity 34 in cast, not only make up steam vent 47 or 49 (see figure 4)s in cup-like portion 44 but also in secondary winding skeleton 24, air can be discharged by their when cast.
Fig. 7 has showed a longitudinal sectional view, wherein secondary winding skeleton 24, comprise that secondary winding 26 and electrode 32 are set in the cavity 14 of elementary winding skeleton 10 (seeing Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).Wherein, the threaded portion 46 of electrode 32 is inserted into elementary winding skeleton 10 by opening 16 (see figure 1)s.Fill with insulating packing 48 in gap between elementary winding skeleton 10 and the secondary winding skeleton 24.
It should be noted that, cast can realize by two independent processes: at first, can pour into a mould the cavity 34 of the secondary winding skeleton 24 with the ferromagnetic core 28 that is positioned at wherein, cast has the cavity 14 of the elementary winding skeleton 10 of the secondary winding skeleton 24 that is positioned at wherein then.In this two step cast, easier avoid being formed on wherein may produce the shrinkage cavity of bearing the partial discharge of substantial responsibility to aging.
The conversion equipment that has at the parts that Fig. 1 is showed in Fig. 8 is aging-resistant on special degree, further specifies as following.In Fig. 9, represented electrode 32 ', have soft iron rod 36 ' and permanent magnet 38 ' ferromagnetic core 28 ' local diagrammatic sketch, as it in the prior art being used in the conventional conversion equipment.Electrode 32 ' and ferromagnetic core 28 ' by end permanent magnet 38 ' structure and that electrode surface is right between exist electric field 50 ', it schematically shows by field line.Permanent magnet 38 ' be columniform, and therefore have sharp seamed edge 38c ' at its shell surface 38a ' and the transition position between its front end face 38b '.At this sharp seamed edge place, increase the carrier density part, and therefore electric field 50 ' field line density also increase.Therefore, in the scope of seamed edge 38c ', there is strong relatively electric field.Electrode 32 ' and ferromagnetic core 28 ' between zone line fill (in Fig. 9, not showing) by the filler of insulation.Electric field strength in seamed edge 38c ' scope is enough big, so that be the partial discharge in the micro-cavity in the igniting filler, and partial discharge has significant contribution to filler aging.
Arrange with respect to the routine among Fig. 9, represented according to the present invention the layout of an improvement project among Figure 10.It mainly makes a distinction by the layout of two features and prior art.On the one hand, the rounded processing of permanent magnet 38 (seeing Fig. 4,5 and 7), i.e. its transition of between shell surface zone 38a and front end face zone 38b, having continuous bend.Therefore, by the moulding of permanent magnet 38 or more generally, the moulding of the end relative with electrode 32 by ferromagnetic core 28 has avoided seamed edge or local field strength most advanced and sophisticated and that follow therewith to increase.Therefore can realize that the intensity of the field 50 between ferromagnetic core 28 and the electrode 32 all is lower than the filling field intensity of so-called partial discharge.
On the other hand, electrode 32 has cup-like portion 40, and cup-like portion 40 has basal cross section 42 and wall cross section 44.The space that wall cross section 44 surrounds between basal cross section 42 and permanent magnet 38 front end faces.
As what see by the field line of Figure 10 midfield 50, the cup-shaped structure of electrode 32 causes an equilibrium of 50, promptly causes the increase in the space of being filled by field 50 and the homogenizing of electric field.Equilibrium by the field reduces its average field-strength, and avoids local field strength to increase by the homogenizing of field.Thus, the intensity of field 50 all is retained as the filling field intensity that is lower than partial discharge.
If the inner surface of the cup-like portion 40 of the surface of permanent magnet 38 and electrode 32 is parallel to each other, then obtain ideal uniform field 50.Shown in the situation of electrode 32 under, the surface in wall cross section 44 in the face of being basal cross section 42 to 0.75 to 1.8 times of the distance of the intersection point of the front end face 38b of permanent magnet 38 and ferromagnetic core 28 axis 51 a bit arbitrarily on the part of permanent magnet 38 with the distance of ferromagnetic core.In the physical dimension of this cup-like portion 40, can realize for the even distribution of avoiding the enough fields 50 of partial discharge purpose.
Showed among Figure 11 by the intermediate space of being filled by filler 48 between secondary winding skeleton 24, secondary winding 26, secondary winding skeleton 24 and the elementary winding skeleton 10 and the radially sectional plane of elementary winding skeleton 10.Filler 48 is made up of synthetic resin and filler.Filler also has following function except other functions, even the thermal coefficient of expansion of filler 48 adapts to the thermal coefficient of expansion of electrode 32 grades.Secondary winding 26 is only schematically shown in Figure 11.In fact, it can comprise the only lead of about 50um of about 70 layers of diameter.Under so tiny conductive wire scenario, the gap between each circle is so narrow, so that filler can not infiltrate the gap of each turn-to-turn.Therefore, in secondary winding 26, only infiltrate the resin that isozygotys.Therefore, and secondary winding 26 footpath outwards adjacency regional 48a, be among Figure 11 in the zone between r1 and the r2, have the concentration that increases of filler.Among the regional 48b between r2 and r3, filler 48 has the general concentration of filler, and r3 radially outside begin elementary winding skeleton 10.
In Figure 12, showed along the diametral curve of the electrostatic potential of Figure 11 section, showed the corresponding diametral curve of electric field strength among Figure 13.In 12 and 13 two figure, the curve of dotted line 52 or 56 expression conventional fillers, in this case, filler is compared with synthetic resin has obviously higher dielectric constant values, and solid line 54 or 58 has been showed according to the present invention the curve of an improvement project, in this case, the dielectric constant of synthetic resin and filler much at one.For the scope less than r1, promptly in field projection (Feldschatten) scope of secondary winding 26, secondary voltage is constant.Between r1 and r3, promptly in the space of being filled by filler 48 between secondary winding 26 and secondary winding skeleton 10, electromotive force increases along with the radial distance to secondary winding and reduces.As in the prior art, have another dielectric constant if filler is compared to synthetic resin, i.e. common bigger dielectric constant, then r2-here in the filler 48 concentration of filler change-locate, the dielectric constant of filler 48 integral body changes.This situation causes flex point (seeing the figure 52 among Figure 12) on the potential curve or the saltus step (seeing the figure 56 among Figure 13) in the electric field.Electric-field strength causes mechanical stress in the saltus step at r2 place, and causes fracture or crack under long-term load condition, therein by taking place the aging partial discharge that quite big effect is arranged of filler.
In order to avoid this problem, use the dielectric constant filler much at one of dielectric constant and synthetic resin.For example, adopt epoxy resin, and adopt quartzy for filler for synthetic resin.So, obtain not having between potential curve level and smooth between r1 and the r3 (seeing figure 54 among Figure 12) and r1 and r3 the electric field strength curve (seeing figure 58 among Figure 13) of saltus step.Thus, avoided filler concentration to change crack formation in the zone effectively.In addition, with respect to prior art (seeing the figure 56 at r3 place), maximum field strength (seeing the figure 58 at r3 place) is reduced, thereby the appearance of partial discharge is further become difficult.
In the potential curve of Figure 12, at the r3 place another flex point is arranged, a saltus step in it and the electric field strength is associated (seeing Figure 13), and it is owing to the differing dielectric constant of the material of filler 48 and elementary winding skeleton 10.In a particularly advantageous improvement project, the dielectric constant of elementary winding skeleton 10 and the material of secondary winding skeleton 24 also is complementary with the dielectric constant of synthetic resin.Thus, avoid the crack between filler and the winding skeleton 10,24 to form effectively.
Introduce the improved EMV characteristic of conversion equipment below with reference to Figure 14 and 15.At first conventional igniter is described with reference to Figure 14.Conventional igniter among Figure 14 comprise the secondary winding 26 that is positioned at the outside ' and be positioned at inner elementary winding 12 '.Secondary winding 26 ' with electrode 32 ' link to each other conductively, electrode links to each other with spark plug 62 by contact spring 60 again.Conversion equipment is with in spark plug 62 is installed in the shell 64 that links to each other with earth potential jointly.Spark plug 62 has the electrode 64 that is positioned at earth potential, and it constitutes an end of spark gap.
The temporal starting point of pilot spark 65 is that secondary voltage is reduced to suddenly on lower, the so-called ignition voltage from the needed high value of ionization spark gap, occurs the electric current along spark gap under this ignition voltage.According to inventor's test, this unexpected voltage transformation that carries out in several nanoseconds is the main cause of EMV problem in the igniter.In Figure 14 disturbing pulse along the interference path 66 of its diffusion by schematic presentation.Interference path originates in spark gap, and pass spark plug 62, contact spring 60 and electrode 62 ' arrival secondary winding 26 '.Because secondary winding 26 ' and elementary winding 12 ' between capacitive couplings, interference path 66 is by elementary winding 12 ' and its joint 20 ' enter the car electrics network 68 of motor vehicle, it may cause the function of electronic-controlled installation to be disturbed therein.Disturbing pulse passes through car electrics network 68 arrival point electromotive forces, and therefore arrives the electrode 64 of spark gap, thereby interference path 66 forms loops.
In Figure 15, showed the igniter that has conversion equipment according to an embodiment of the invention.Igniter comprises in conjunction with Fig. 1 to the described conversion equipment of Fig. 8, and it is in this and spark plug 62 are loaded into the metal shell or boiler casing 64 that links to each other with earth potential jointly.Electrode 32 connects 70 by the connector that schematically shows and links to each other with the joint of spark plug 62.Owing to the voltage drop that exists pilot spark 65 to cause as disturbing pulse along interference path 72 by spark plug 62, connector connect 70 and electrode 32 propagate into secondary winding 26, secondary winding shown in be set at inside in the conversion equipment.Owing between secondary winding 26 and elementary winding 18, be provided with boiler casing 64, be the conductive layer 18 that earth potential links to each other, so there is not the capacitive couplings between secondary winding 26 and the elementary winding 18 here.Therefore, disturbing pulse is not transmitted on the car electrics network 68.On the contrary, its Low ESR ground (niederimpedant) flows to earth potential by boiler casing 64.Inventor's test and emulation show, by means of conductive layer 18, in fact can suppress absolute most of the interference.
(not shown) in an optional embodiment, conductive layer be by the adhesive or the baking vanish of the conduction structure of conduction, and the circle by its elementary winding (12) is connected and keeps together.So, do not need elementary winding skeleton.
Reference numerals list
10 armature winding skeletons
12 armature windings
14 cavitys
Opening in the 16 armature winding skeletons 10
18 conductive layers
20 joints
22 joints
24 secondary windings skeletons
26 secondary windings
28 ferromagnetic cores
30 conduction pins
32 electrodes
34 cavitys
36 soft iron rods
38 permanent magnets
40 cup-like portion
42 basal cross sections
44 wall cross sections
46 coupling parts
47 steam vents
48 fillers
49 steam vents
50 electric fields
51 ferromagnetic core axis
52 electromotive force curves according to prior art
54 according to the present invention the electromotive force curve of an improvement project
56 electric field strength curves of the prior art
The electric field strength curve of an improvement project of 58 the present invention
60 contact springs
62 spark plugs
64 electrodes
65 pilot sparks
66 interference paths of the prior art
68 car electrics networks
70 connectors connect
72 according to the present invention the interference path of an improvement project
Claims (22)
1. be used to produce the conversion equipment of internal-combustion engine ignition voltage, comprise
Elementary winding (12) can apply primary voltage on described elementary winding,
Secondary winding (26), but in described secondary winding inductive secondary voltage,
Ferromagnetic core (28), described ferromagnetic core are set in described elementary winding (12) and the described secondary winding (26), and
Electrode (32), described electrode is relative with an end (38) of described ferromagnetic core (28), and link to each other with described secondary winding (26), and can link to each other with described spark gap,
Wherein between the described end (38) of described ferromagnetic core (28) and described electrode (32), produce electric field (50) by described secondary voltage,
It is characterized in that a described end (38) of described ferromagnetic core (28) has continuous bend between shell surface (38a) and front end face (38b) transition.
2. according to the conversion equipment of claim 1, it is characterized in that described electrode (32) is configured to spill in its side in the face of described ferromagnetic core (28).
3. according to the conversion equipment of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that a described end of described ferromagnetic core (28) is by permanent magnet (38) structure.
4. according to each conversion equipment in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that the front end face (38a) relative with described electrode (32) of described ferromagnetic core (38) is protruding.
5. according to the conversion equipment of claim 4, it is characterized in that the curvature of the front end face of described projection (38b) is along with the distance to the axis (51) of described ferromagnetic core (28) increases and increases.
6. according to each conversion equipment in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that described electrode (32) has cup-like portion (40), its opening surface is to described ferromagnetic core (28).
7. according to the conversion equipment of claim 6, it is characterized in that described cup-like portion (40) has basal cross section (42), wherein said basal cross section is set up perpendicular to the axis of described ferromagnetic core (28) (51),
And have wall cross section (44), wherein said wall cross section surrounds the space between the front end face (38a) that is positioned at described basal cross section (42) and described ferromagnetic element (28),
The surface in wherein said wall cross section (44) in the face of every bit on the part of described ferromagnetic core (28) is a described basal cross section (42) to 0.5 times to 2.5 times of the distance of the intersection point of the front end face (38a) of described ferromagnetic core (28) and axis (51) to the distance of described ferromagnetic core (28), be preferably 0.75 times to 1.8 times.
8. according to the conversion equipment of claim 6 or 7, the secondary winding skeleton (24) that it is characterized in that sleeve shaped, described secondary winding (26) wherein is set, and described secondary winding skeleton seals with described cup-like portion (40) upward at one end on described secondary winding skeleton.
9. be used to produce the conversion equipment of the ignition voltage of internal combustion engine, particularly according to each conversion equipment in the aforementioned claim,
Gap between the parts of wherein said conversion equipment is filled by filler (48), and wherein said filler comprises synthetic resin and filler,
It is characterized in that the dielectric constant of described filler is 0.5 to 1.5 times of dielectric constant of described synthetic resin, is preferably 0.8 to 1.25 times, and is preferably 0.9 to 1.2 times especially.
10. according to the conversion equipment of claim 9, it is characterized in that, described parts comprise one or more with in the lower part: elementary winding skeleton (10), secondary winding skeleton (24), the electrode (32) that links to each other and can link to each other with secondary winding (26) with spark gap, ferromagnetic core (28), metal shell (64).
11. conversion equipment according to claim 9 or 10, at least one described parts (10 wherein, 24) be made of plastics, it is characterized in that, the dielectric constant of described plastics is 0.5 to 1.5 times of dielectric constant of described filler (48), be preferably 0.8 to 1.25 times, and be preferably 0.9 to 1.2 times especially.
12. the conversion equipment according to claim 9 or 11 is characterized in that, described filler is suitable for making the thermal coefficient of expansion of described filler and the thermal coefficient of expansion of described parts to be complementary.
13., it is characterized in that described synthetic resin is epoxy resin according to each conversion equipment in the claim 9 to 12.
14., it is characterized in that described filler is quartzy according to each conversion equipment in the claim 9 to 13.
15. be used to produce the conversion equipment of the ignition voltage of internal combustion engine, particularly according to each conversion equipment in the aforementioned claim,
Have elementary winding (12), wherein on described elementary winding, can apply primary voltage; And secondary winding (26), but inductive secondary voltage in described secondary winding wherein,
It is characterized in that between described elementary winding (12) and described secondary winding (26) conductive layer (18) is set, wherein said conductive layer links to each other with earth potential.
16. the conversion equipment according to claim 15 is characterized in that, described conductive layer (18) is set directly on the described elementary winding (12) in abutting connection with ground.
17. the conversion equipment according to claim 15 or 16 is characterized in that, described conductive layer (18) constitutes by film.
18. the conversion equipment according to claim 15 or 16 is characterized in that, described conductive layer (18) is by evaporation or be imprinted on the framework material.
19., it is characterized in that described secondary winding (26) is set in the described elementary winding (12) at least in part according to each conversion equipment in the aforementioned claim.
20. according to each conversion equipment in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that described conversion equipment has the elementary winding skeleton (10) of sleeve shaped, wherein on described elementary winding skeleton, described elementary winding (12) be set.
21. according to claim 19,20 and claim 15 to 18 in each conversion equipment, it is characterized in that described conductive layer (18) is set on the outer circumference surface of described elementary winding skeleton (10).
22., it is characterized in that described conductive layer is made of the adhesive of conduction or the baking vanish of conduction according to each conversion equipment in the claim 15 to 20, the circle of wherein said elementary winding (12) is connected by it.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004012482.5 | 2004-03-15 | ||
| DE102004012482A DE102004012482B4 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2004-03-15 | Transformation device for generating an ignition voltage for internal combustion engines |
| PCT/EP2005/002760 WO2005091317A2 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2005-03-15 | Transformer device for generating an ignition voltage for internal combustion engines |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101040353A true CN101040353A (en) | 2007-09-19 |
| CN101040353B CN101040353B (en) | 2012-06-06 |
Family
ID=34963924
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2005800081493A Expired - Fee Related CN101040353B (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2005-03-15 | Transformer device for generating an ignition voltage for internal combustion engines |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1730754B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2007529887A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101040353B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102004012482B4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005091317A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6377336B2 (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2018-08-22 | 株式会社東芝 | Inductor and manufacturing method thereof |
Family Cites Families (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2081979A (en) * | 1934-08-28 | 1937-06-01 | Rca Corp | Ignition coil system |
| US2107973A (en) * | 1934-12-29 | 1938-02-08 | Transformateurs De Mesure E Wa | Electric transformer for high tension |
| GB725722A (en) * | 1952-03-31 | 1955-03-09 | Garbe Lahmeyer & Co A G | Improvements in laminated magnetic cores for the ignition coils of internal combustion engines |
| JPS54106820A (en) * | 1978-02-10 | 1979-08-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Ignition coil |
| JPS54144924A (en) * | 1978-05-04 | 1979-11-12 | Hitachi Ltd | Ignition coil |
| CN2116786U (en) * | 1992-03-18 | 1992-09-23 | 湖北省英山县造纸机械厂 | High-energy ignition coil for automobile |
| JPH09246072A (en) * | 1996-03-04 | 1997-09-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Ignition coil device of internal combustion engine |
| EP0964413B1 (en) * | 1996-08-31 | 2003-03-26 | Toyo Denso Kabushiki Kaisha | Engine igniting coil device |
| JP3561121B2 (en) * | 1996-09-20 | 2004-09-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Ignition coil for internal combustion engine |
| JP3587024B2 (en) * | 1997-06-30 | 2004-11-10 | 株式会社デンソー | Ignition coil for internal combustion engine |
| DE19829845C2 (en) * | 1997-07-04 | 2002-07-18 | Hitachi Ltd | Ignition coil for internal combustion engines |
| DE19927820C1 (en) * | 1998-10-27 | 2000-07-06 | Bremi Auto Elektrik Ernst Brem | Rod ignition coil, especially for internal combustion engine, has cylindrical housing containing outer and coil bodies with primary and secondary windings, and central weakly magnetic core |
| JP3550643B2 (en) * | 1998-12-14 | 2004-08-04 | 株式会社デンソー | Ignition coil for internal combustion engine |
| JP3807139B2 (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2006-08-09 | 日立化成工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of electrical and electronic parts |
| US6443137B1 (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2002-09-03 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Method of producing spark ignition assembly with integral spark plug and ignition coil |
| DE10102342A1 (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2002-07-25 | Volkswagen Ag | Ignition coil rod e.g. for IC engine, has coil body with transformer supplied with electric power by first and second end sections which are connected to coil body |
| US6522232B2 (en) * | 2001-04-26 | 2003-02-18 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Ignition apparatus having reduced electric field HV terminal arrangement |
| US6724289B2 (en) * | 2001-08-17 | 2004-04-20 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Ignition apparatus having feature for shielding the HV terminal |
| JP2003264114A (en) * | 2002-03-11 | 2003-09-19 | Denso Corp | Ignition coil |
| ES2409633T3 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2013-06-27 | Denso Corporation | Resin composition and ignition coil device using said composition. |
| JP2004186588A (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-07-02 | Denso Corp | Ignition coil |
-
2004
- 2004-03-15 DE DE102004012482A patent/DE102004012482B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-03-15 JP JP2007503277A patent/JP2007529887A/en active Pending
- 2005-03-15 CN CN2005800081493A patent/CN101040353B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-15 WO PCT/EP2005/002760 patent/WO2005091317A2/en active Application Filing
- 2005-03-15 EP EP05730907.2A patent/EP1730754B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1730754B1 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
| EP1730754A2 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
| WO2005091317A2 (en) | 2005-09-29 |
| DE102004012482A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 |
| JP2007529887A (en) | 2007-10-25 |
| DE102004012482B4 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
| CN101040353B (en) | 2012-06-06 |
| WO2005091317A3 (en) | 2005-11-24 |
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
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Granted publication date: 20120606 Termination date: 20170315 |