CN101039139A - Space-based mobile communication system and communication method - Google Patents
Space-based mobile communication system and communication method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101039139A CN101039139A CNA2007100645073A CN200710064507A CN101039139A CN 101039139 A CN101039139 A CN 101039139A CN A2007100645073 A CNA2007100645073 A CN A2007100645073A CN 200710064507 A CN200710064507 A CN 200710064507A CN 101039139 A CN101039139 A CN 101039139A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an air-base mobile communication system and method, comprises at least a user terminal station, a satellite access network which is consisted of a plurality of satellites and a ground core network which is consisted of a plurality of said gateways. The user terminal station is used for establishing a wireless communication connection with the satellite access network and realizes the bidirectional data transfer. The satellite access network is used for processing and forwarding the communication data between two user terminal stations or between the user terminal and the gateway station. A route and exchange processing module, which is arranged in the satellite, is used for establishing a communication path between the satellites in the satellite access network. The ground core network is used for controlling and managing the whole communication system. The steps of the method are as follow: network registration, service application and accessing control, establishing communication connection, communication connecting maintenance and communication connection disassembly. The invention makes the satellite communication system much less reliable to the ground nodes, reduces the deployment of the ground control station and simplifies the function of the ground control device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of satellite communication system and communication means, especially a kind of based on spacebased system (is the system of core with the satellite), and the space-based mobile communication system and the communication means that can carry out autonomous route switching on the star.Belong to the aerospace information field.
Background technology
Space-based mobile communication system is a kind of based on satellite network (space-based), utilizes the outstanding coverage property of satellite to realize the interior mobile subscriber's in big zone (or whole world) information is inserted and transmission.Space-based mobile communication system have cover wide, networking flexibility, rapidly and information insert characteristics such as maneuverability, become the important component part of next generation mobile communication (4G) and national information highway.
Different with the ground communication network, space-based mobile communication system is to be main node with multi-satellite on the different tracks, the common formation of combined ground juncture station and portable terminal (station), satellite node is responsible for user's access function and is realized the transfer function of data in network, is in core status in system.These satellite nodes generally are the satellites that is arranged on the low orbit, have great relative motion between they and ground node, meanwhile, also have relative motion between the satellite node on the different tracks.Therefore, in the space-based mobile communication system, except user terminal has mobility, other main network nodes (satellite) also have dynamic, this and existing Ground Communication System are all inequality, and as the ground wireline communication network, its network topology is fixed, and existing 2G/3G and its network topology of wireless communication systems such as WLAN (wireless local area network), wireless MAN are the main network architecture with the fixed network node also, only are that user terminal exists mobility.Therefore, be that the space-based mobile communication system of core is in the characteristics that have aspect system configuration and the communication processing method with the ground legacy communications system with the multi-satellite on the different tracks.
Common satellite communication system mainly contains following a few class at present, because the restriction of research purpose and technical system, they all can't be directly used in the structure space-based mobile communication system, specifically.
(1) gso satellite communication system
The network architecture of existing gso satellite communication system generally is to comprise at least one geosynchronous satellite, a ground station and some user terminals.According to the difference of processing mode on the geosynchronous satellite star, the network architecture of gso satellite communication system is divided into hub-and-spoke network topology and mesh network topologies, and under the different network architectures, the communication means of user terminal also is divided into two kinds.Under hub-and-spoke network topology, the effect of geosynchronous satellite is to transmit data between user terminal and ground station, the business datum of the control of whole network and management, user terminal and the processing of control data and forwarding and all finished by ground station with the interconnected of other networks; Under mesh network topologies, the effect of geosynchronous satellite is to transmit data by the function of exchange on the star between user terminal and the ground station and between the user terminal, ground station realize the control of whole network and management, with the processing and the forwarding of the control data of the interconnected and user terminal communication process of other networks.
Therefore, the core of the network architecture of gso satellite communication system is a ground station, the major function of geosynchronous satellite is to realize simple data transparency forwarding and the exchanges data under ground station control, SNA is relatively stable, communication means is fairly simple, can not be fit to by multi-satellite, particularly the space-based mobile communication system formed of the constellation that constitutes by middle low-orbit satellite.
(2) GlobalStar
GlobalStar is a typical low orbit constellation satellite communication system in orbit, and the global mobile communication service is provided.The network architecture of this system comprises 48 low-orbit satellites, ground control centre and a large amount of ground juncture station and the user terminal that are distributed in the whole world.The satellite of this system only has the transparent forwarding ability, be that satellite just carries out the conversion of carrier frequency simply to the carrier wave of wireless communication link between ground juncture station and user, do not have direct Radio Link between the satellite, therefore, the effect of satellite in this system in the system communication process is equivalent to the relay station between ground juncture station and the user terminal, do not participate in the processing of any communication control data and business datum in whole communication process, the control of all communication processs is all directly carried out between ground juncture station and user terminal.
All the ground juncture stations and the terrestrial operation control centre of GlobalStar interconnect by the Globalstar data network, finish management and control jointly to whole system, and the satellite in space only is the working method that adopts transparent forwarding, play the relaying action of wireless signal between ground juncture station and the user terminal, also do not have inter-satellite link between the satellite.Therefore, the network architecture of GlobalStar and communication means are core with the ground juncture station all, and the system communication coverage, can not be provided on a large scale even global communication service under the limited situation of ground juncture station distribution by the distribution decision of ground juncture station.
(3) IRIDIUM
IRIDIUM is another typical low orbit constellation satellite communication system in orbit, and the global mobile communication service is provided.The network architecture of system comprises that 66 have the low-orbit satellite of inter-satellite link, ground control centre, a plurality of ground juncture station and some user terminals.The satellite of this system adopts circuit exchange mode on the star, at be connection-oriented low speed business such as voice communication.The connection request of user terminal at first is forwarded to the ground juncture station, finish the whole foundation that communicates to connect, maintenance and dismounting function by ground juncture station and ground control centre, juncture station at first carries out paging to the purpose terminal, calculate the access path of communicating pair then, the satellite that selection connects, and sending the satellite of control corresponding signaling to the access path to set up circuit interchange channel on the star, terminal begins to send and receive business datum then.
IRIDIUM based on circuit exchange mode on the star does not have autonomous route switching ability on the star, the all communication of system all must at first be set up access path end to end, and the path that connects sets up, safeguards and remove function all be to be controlled and managed by ground installation, therefore, the network architecture of IRIDIUM and communication means are not suitable for having paroxysmal data service based on transmitted in packets, especially can not satisfy the transmission demand of multimedia integration business.
As the important component part of next generation mobile communication (4G) and national information highway, space-based mobile communication system need have following characteristics: 1) can support comprehensive access of multiple business and transmission, and guarantee for different business provides corresponding QoS; 2) can fine compatible ground existing system; 3) has the autonomous routing to communicate ability that well is independent of ground node, to improve the survival ability of system; 4) has outstanding wireless and network resource optimization distribution capability, to improve the service efficiency of system resource.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of space-based mobile communication system and based on the communication means of this system, to realize autonomous route switching on the star, thereby system is descended greatly to the dependence of ground node, and reduce the deployment of ground control station, simplify the function of GCU.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of space-based mobile communication system, comprising: at least one user terminal station, the inserting of satellite net that constitutes by a plurality of satellites and the ground core network that constitutes by a plurality of described juncture stations;
Described user terminal station, be used to set up with described inserting of satellite net between radio communication be connected, carry out bidirectional data transfers;
Described inserting of satellite net, be used to carry out between the described user terminal station and described user terminal station and described juncture station between the processing and the forwarding of communication data;
Be provided with route and exchange processing module in the described satellite, be used for setting up the intersatellite communication path of inserting of satellite net;
Described ground core network is used for whole communication system is controlled and managed.
The present invention also provides a kind of communication means based on space-based mobile communication system, comprises the steps:
Step 1, user terminal station Access Network are via satellite carried out network registration;
Step 2, described user terminal station are carried out the business application according to self service parameter to described inserting of satellite net, and described inserting of satellite net carries out access control to described user terminal station;
Step 3, set up communicating to connect of described user terminal station and purpose user terminal station;
Step 4, described communicating to connect safeguarded;
Step 5, described the communicating to connect of dismounting.
By space-based mobile communication system of the present invention with based on the communication means of this system, make satellite communication system descend greatly to the dependence of ground node; Realized handling and the ground integrated RRM of star on user's the wireless access star, and can support multi-service integrated access and Radio Resource optimum allocation; Can reduce the deployment of ground control station, simplify the function of GCU.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a satellite communication system network architecture schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the modular structure schematic diagram of satellite communication system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the modular structure schematic diagram of user terminal station of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic network structure of inserting of satellite net of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the modular structure schematic diagram of spaceborne multi-layer switches of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic network structure of ground core network of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the modular structure schematic diagram of juncture station of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the flow chart of the connection-oriented communication service of user terminal station initiation of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the flow chart of network registration of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the flow chart of professional application of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the flow chart of access control of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the flow chart that communicates to connect foundation of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the flow chart that communicates to connect maintenance of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the flow chart that communicates to connect dismounting of the present invention.
Embodiment
Satellite communication system of the present invention is a kind of space-based mobile communication system, and it is the mobile radio system of core with satellite communication node (being satellite) that space-based mobile communication system is one.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, provided the network architecture schematic diagram and the modular structure schematic diagram of satellite communication system of the present invention, this system is made up of user domain, inserting of satellite net, ground core network three parts.
User domain is made of all user terminal station, user terminal station by user-satellite air interface set up with satellite between radio communication is connected the bidirectional data transfers between realization user terminal station and the satellite.User terminal station at different application scenarioss has different characteristics, such as hand-held mobile terminal (at the portable terminal device of individual's use), small-sized local area network (LAN) inserting of satellite terminal (inserts satellite network by the small-scale terrestrial portable terminal, as vehicle-mounted, airborne, carrier-borne information network, mobile command institutes etc.), dedicated network inserting of satellite station etc. are at the user terminal station of various application scenarioss.
The inserting of satellite net be responsible for finishing between the user terminal station of space-based mobile communication system and and juncture station between the processing and the forwarding of communication data.The inserting of satellite net by a plurality of satellite nodes via satellite-networking of satellite air interface constitutes, by user-satellite air interface access user terminal, and via satellite-the juncture station air interface sets up and being connected of ground core network.
Ground core network is made of each juncture station and ground fortune control center networking, management that main network management, user management and the satellite transit control etc. of being responsible for system are relevant with the inserting of satellite net and controlled function and and other network systems between interconnected, can utilize the interface protocol and the network interconnections such as PSTN, internet and integrated services network of standards such as A interface or R/P interface by juncture station.
Below system user territory, inserting of satellite net and ground core network are introduced respectively
One, user domain
User domain is made up of all user terminal station (UT), the function of user terminal station is communicating to connect of Access Network foundation via satellite and other-end, and via satellite Access Network and ground core network set up and the space-based communication network outside other network users between communicate to connect, thereby realize the end user of space-based mobile communication system, i.e. the transmission of user's data and reception.The functional module of user terminal station is formed as shown in Figure 3.
The function of user-satellite air interface module is the data wireless transmission bearer of setting up between terminal station and the satellite, to send to satellite after the data encapsulation from other functional modules in user terminal station, receive from the data of satellite simultaneously and after handling, send to other functional modules.
The function of space-based mobile communication system Signaling ﹠ Protocol processing module is that establish a communications link relevant signaling and agreement of user terminal station and satellite handled, and manages and control according to signaling and agreement other functional modules to user terminal station.
The function of application program module is that the user's (being the user) with the terminal station carries out alternately, and generation business datum, send to the application level function interface module after the encapsulation, receive data simultaneously, use through offering the user after handling from the application level function interface module.
The function of application level function interface module is to carry out data forwarding between application program and user-satellite air interface module.
In addition, need be connected with local area network (LAN) for the certain user terminal station, then can also comprise gateway, the function of gateway is to finish interconnected with local area network (LAN), between local area network (LAN) and user-satellite air interface module, carry out data forwarding, thus realize that LAN subscriber is set up by user-satellite air interface module of user terminal station and satellite between communicate to connect.
Application program, application level function interface module are to satisfy the functional module of sole user's application demand; Gateway then is in order to satisfy the functional module of the multi-user communication demand in the local area network (LAN).User terminal station can have this two kinds of functions simultaneously, also can only have wherein a kind of function.
Two, inserting of satellite net
The inserting of satellite net be responsible for finishing between the user terminal station of space-based mobile communication system and and juncture station between the processing and the forwarding of communication data, be the core of whole space-based mobile communication system.As shown in Figure 4, it is for the schematic network structure of inserting of satellite net.
The inserting of satellite net is made of the Radio Link networking of a plurality of satellite nodes between via satellite, can set up communication link by other satellite nodes between any two satellite nodes.
The user terminal station of all space-based mobile communication systems at least one satellite node in the Access Network via satellite inserts inserting of satellite net family, and space-based mobile communication system links to each other with ground core network by at least one satellite node.
The major function of inserting of satellite net comprises two aspects: the one, and the wireless connections of setting up the user terminal station and the ground core network of satellite and space-based mobile communication system are with the user terminal station of realization space-based mobile communication system and the bidirectional data transfers between the bidirectional data transfers between the satellite and satellite and the ground core network; The 2nd, set up the path that communicates to connect between the satellite of inserting of satellite net, with between the user terminal station that realizes space-based mobile communication system and and juncture station between processing and the forwarding of communication data in wireless access network.
Setting up the user terminal station of space-based mobile communication system and the function of the wireless connections between the satellite is mainly realized by wireless access technology, the foundation of the communication path between the satellite is then mainly realized by network layer protocol, the nucleus equipment of realizing these functions then is spaceborne multi-layer switches, these spaceborne multi-layer switches are realized intersatellite routing and switching function as the part of satellite.As shown in Figure 5, provided the modular structure schematic diagram of the spaceborne multi-layer switches of inserting of satellite net.
The functional module of spaceborne multi-layer switches is formed: at least 1 satellite-user's air interface module, 1 satellite-juncture station air interface module, 1 route and exchange processing module, at least 1 satellite-satellite air interface module.Each module concrete function is as follows:
(1) satellite-user's air interface module
The major function of satellite-user's air interface module is the wireless connections of setting up the user terminal of satellite and space-based mobile communication system, with the user terminal of realization space-based mobile communication system and the bidirectional data transfers between the satellite.
Satellite-user's air interface module is set up two-way signaling bear and the business datum carrying between the user terminal of satellite and space-based mobile communication system.Module is handled signaling, and the carrying of the business datum between control satellite and the user terminal.Module receives the business datum of self terminal, handles, and sends to the route and the exchange processing module of spaceborne multi-layer switches; Module receives the business datum from route and exchange processing module simultaneously, and sends to user terminal.
(2) satellite-juncture station air interface module
The major function of satellite-juncture station air interface module is the wireless connections of setting up the ground core network of satellite and space-based mobile communication system, to realize the bidirectional data transfers between satellite and the ground core network.
Satellite-juncture station air interface module encapsulates and sends to the ground juncture station to satellite transmission to the data of ground core network, simultaneously the data from juncture station that receive are handled, and sent to the route and the exchange processing module of spaceborne multi-layer switches.
(3) satellite-satellite air interface module
The major function of satellite-satellite air interface module is to set up satellite to be connected with radio communication between the satellite, to realize satellite in the inserting of satellite net and the bidirectional data transfers between the satellite.
Satellite-satellite air interface module encapsulates and sends the data that needs send, and receives the data from other satellite nodes simultaneously, and after handling, sends to the route and the exchange processing module of spaceborne multi-layer switches.
(4) route and exchange processing module
The major function of route and exchange processing module is to set up the transmission path of data in the inserting of satellite net, for the data that enter the inserting of satellite net are selected suitable transmission path; Simultaneously the transmission path in the inserting of satellite net is safeguarded, adapting to the dynamic change of inserting of satellite net topology, guarantee data correctly, transmission effectively.
Three, ground core network
Ground core network is the Ground Control and the administrative center of whole space-based communication network, generally form by 1 network control center, 1 satellite control center and a plurality of juncture station, the network control center and satellite control center can be positioned at same geographical position, are referred to as fortune control center.Undertaken interconnectedly between the network control center, satellite control center and the juncture station by the ground cable network, form the ground core network of a space-based mobile communication system, as shown in Figure 6, it is the schematic network structure of ground core network of the present invention.
By cooperatively interacting of the network control center, satellite control center and juncture station, realize management and controlled function such as satellite control, network management, user management, communication resource management to whole space-based mobile communication system.
The concrete function of the network control center, satellite control center and juncture station is as follows:
The network control center mainly is responsible for the resource planning management of whole space-based mobile communication system and distribution, subscriber information management, systems network administration, system business statistics, customer charge statistics etc.;
Satellite control center mainly is responsible for remote measuring and controlling and status monitoring, track anticipation, remote measuring and controlling, loading analysis and the load configuration etc. of satellite in the space-based mobile communication system;
Juncture station is responsible for mainly that system user is registered, customer call management, switching controls, and interconnected etc. with other network systems.
The network control center, satellite control center and juncture station are as the network node in the space-based mobile communication system, they with network in the annexation of other nodes be identical, the network control center, satellite control center can be regarded as a kind of special juncture station, they and juncture station have the identical functions modular structure, therefore the network control center, satellite control center and juncture station are referred to as juncture station.As shown in Figure 7, it is the modular structure schematic diagram of juncture station of the present invention.
The major function of juncture station-satellite air interface module is to set up the juncture station of ground core network of space-based mobile communication system and the wireless connections between the Access Network satellite, to realize the bidirectional data transfers between inserting of satellite net and the ground core network.Juncture station-satellite air interface module is handled to the data of ground core network satellite transmission, is forwarded to other functional modules of juncture station afterwards, and the data that needs are sent to satellite are handled simultaneously, and sends.
The major function of juncture station-juncture station interface module is the wired connection of setting up between the juncture station of ground core network of space-based mobile communication system, makes and forms a transmission network that interconnects between the juncture station.
Management is to finish management and controlled function such as the satellite control of space-based mobile communication system, network management, user management, communication resource management with the function of control function module.
The function of information database is storage and the network information of upgrading space-based mobile communication system, user profile etc. and the relevant data of system's operation.
In addition, in order to carry out intercommunication with other networks, can also comprise with the interface module of other networks in the juncture station, its function is to set up communicating to connect between space-based mobile communication system and other network systems, realizes the transmitted in both directions of data.
Introduce communication work flow process below based on above-mentioned space-based mobile communication system
Space-based mobile communication system supports that user terminal carries out the transmission of multimedia integration business.Initiate communication request to the whole process of sign off from user terminal, need the fellowship of each network element of system, wherein user terminal station is responsible for setting up the go forward side by side transmitting-receiving of line data of wireless connections with the inserting of satellite net as the communication party; The inserting of satellite net is responsible for setting up wireless connections, the processing of the line data of going forward side by side and forwarding with user terminal station and ground core network as the core of space-based information system; Ground core network then is responsible for Network Management and control moves to guarantee network stabilization ground, and responsible user's management and interconnected with other networks (such as PSTN, Internet, ISDN etc.).As shown in Figure 8, it is the flow chart of the connection-oriented communication service of user terminal station initiation of the present invention, and concrete communication process is as follows:
Step 1, user terminal station Access Network are via satellite carried out network registration.
User terminal station is after holding state or start, the juncture station of core net initiates the request of network registration at first earthward, after satellite receives this request, be forwarded to ground core network again through handling on the star, ground core network is carried out authentication process to this user terminal station, judge whether to allow this terminal entering network, and with the authentication process result via satellite Access Network feed back to user terminal station.
Step 2, described user terminal station are carried out the business application according to self service parameter to described inserting of satellite net, and described inserting of satellite net carries out access control to described user terminal station.
If network registration success, then user terminal station is initiated professional application, satellite enters the access control process after receiving this application, whether the access control process can insert this business to network is judged, if current can not the access then refused this service request, terminal will after initiate service request again, if current permission inserts, then satellite is that user terminal station is distributed corresponding air wireless interface resource, and user terminal station changes over to and connects the process of setting up.
Step 3, set up communicating to connect of described user terminal station and purpose user terminal station.Network Layer Signaling is crossed by inserting of satellite Netcom and agreement is to set up end-to-end access path between user terminal station, user terminal station began to send and receive business datum after end-to-end access path was set up and finished, by having the spaceborne multi-layer switches of autonomous route switching ability on the star, handle and transmit between data each satellite node in the inserting of satellite net.
Step 4, described communicating to connect safeguarded.
In whole communication process, because the high dynamic of inserting of satellite net topology causes the frequent switching of satellite-ground link, inter-satellite link, the inserting of satellite net need be safeguarded communicating to connect, to guarantee communication continuity and communication quality.
Step 5, described the communicating to connect of dismounting.
After the professional transmission of user terminal station was finished, the inserting of satellite net was removed this and is communicated to connect, and sign off is got back to holding state.
Provide the detailed process of several subprocess in the above-mentioned communication process below, to further specify the communication means of space-based mobile communication system.
(1) user terminal station network registration subprocess
The network registration subprocess of user terminal station as shown in Figure 9, user terminal station sends networking register requirement signaling to current satellite (being the service range that current terminal is positioned at this satellite), after the user of these satellite carried multi-layer switches-satellite air interface module receives this demand signalling, after this request handled, send to route and exchange processing module.
If the current juncture station with ground core network of this satellite via satellite-the juncture station air interface set up point-to-point the connection, then directly forward the data to satellite-juncture station air interface module, satellite-juncture station air interface module sends to ground core network with data; If this satellite current not with the juncture station of ground core network via satellite-the juncture station air interface sets up point-to-point the connection, then route and exchange processing module are calculated the path of going to ground core network according to network state and Routing Protocol, then data are sent to corresponding route and calculate the satellite-satellite air interface module of the inter-satellite link correspondence of selecting, satellite-satellite air interface module is to data and send corresponding satellite node.
After the forwarding of data process multi-satellite node in the inserting of satellite net, finally be forwarded to certain satellite node that has connected with juncture station, this satellite node sends to the satellite-juncture station air interface module of its spaceborne multi-layer switches with data, and sends to the ground juncture station.
The ground juncture station receives and decapsulation data, then user's network registration request is handled, finished user's networking authentication, if the authentication success, then feed back the successful signaling that networks to terminal, otherwise to user terminal station feedback networking rejection signaling.
User terminal station receives the feedback result of networking application for registration, if the network registration success then is transferred to professional application process, otherwise returns networking application for registration state, resends the network registration demand signalling.
(2) professional application subprocess
The business application subprocess of user terminal station after the success of user terminal station network registration, enters professional application subprocess as shown in figure 10.
User terminal station at first is provided with the initial service parameter according to the demand of business, and sends the service request of carrying service parameter.
Satellite receives and sends to the access control function module to service request, enter the access control subprocess, and the service request of user terminal is judged, if allow to insert, then enters to connect and sets up subprocess; Consult otherwise carry out service parameter, send to the service parameter of user terminal suggestion.
User terminal carries out the adjustment of service parameter according to the service parameter suggestion of satellite, generates new service request, if send the maximum times N that the number of attempt of service request does not arrive regulation this moment, then sends new service request; Otherwise, withdraw from professional application subprocess, enter holding state, wait for the beginning of communication process next time.
(3) access control subprocess
The access control subprocess as shown in figure 11, the access control process is the process that application is judged to business.User terminal station sends service request, and satellite receives processing to this request, and is forwarded to access control function module on the star, is forwarded to ground core network simultaneously.
Satellite is judged the service request of user terminal station, if allow to insert, then waits for the access control signaling of ground core network; Otherwise, the service request in refusing user's terminal station.
Ground core network receives after the service request of the user terminal station that satellite transmits, and carries out the access control operation, and the service request of user terminal station is judged, if allow to insert, then sends and allows signaling to satellite, otherwise send rejection signaling to satellite.
After satellite received the access control signaling of ground core network feedback, if allow the signaling that inserts, then satellite allowed the service request of user terminal station, and entered and connect the process of setting up; Otherwise, the service request in satellite refusing user's terminal station.
If user terminal station receives the access of satellite transmission and allows signaling then enter to connect the process of setting up; If receive the admission reject signaling then restart professional application process.
(4) connect foundation
Connect and set up subprocess as shown in figure 12, after the user terminal station business is applied for successfully, enter connection and set up process.
User terminal station is initiated connection request, after the current satellite node of this user terminal of current service (current satellite) receives request, for connecting, this reserves corresponding resource, current then satellite carries out access path and selects, calculate the next satellite node (intermediate node satellite K) of access path, and connection request is forwarded to satellite-satellite air interface module sends.
After intermediate node satellite K receives connection request, for connecting, this reserves corresponding resource, the current service satellite carries out the access path selection then, calculate the next satellite node (intermediate node satellite K+1) of access path, and connection request is forwarded to satellite-satellite air interface module sends.
All intermediate, satellite nodes carry out identical processing procedure, after the processing and forwarding through the multi-satellite node, connection request is forwarded to current purpose satellite node (purpose satellite) for the service of purpose user terminal station, the purpose satellite node is purpose terminal distribution user-satellite air interface Radio Resource, and connection request is forwarded to the purpose user terminal station.
After the purpose user terminal station receives connection request, connect preparation, connection is ready to complete the back feedback and connects affirmation.
Connect and confirm to return current satellite node by the path of connection request process, current satellite node is user terminal station distributing user-satellite air interface Radio Resource, and the feedback connection confirms user terminal station.
User terminal station receives to connect to be confirmed, utilizes the Radio Resource of satellite distribution to begin professional transmission.
(5) connect maintenance
Connect and safeguard subprocess as shown in figure 13, user terminal stands in and connects after the foundation, begins to carry out business data transmission.In the business data transmission process, user terminal station and the maintenance that satellite node in the inserting of satellite net need be connected promptly enter the connection maintenance process.
The connection maintenance process relates to the satellite node in user terminal station and the inserting of satellite net simultaneously, and user terminal station and satellite are finished satellite-ground link jointly and switched, and the satellite node in the inserting of satellite net is finished the switching of the inter-satellite link between satellite and the satellite.
After the user terminal station business data transmission began, satellite node was transmitted the data of user terminal station, if satellite is received the connection dismounting request that user terminal station sends, then entered the connection demolishing process; Otherwise satellite continues to monitor the access path state.If connection status does not change, then proceed forwarding of data; If connection status changes, then judge whether it is satellite-ground link to take place switch.Change if satellite-ground link takes place, then satellite is initiated the satellite-ground link handoff procedure, switches if satellite completes successfully satellite-ground link, and then satellite continuation business datum is transmitted, otherwise enters the connection demolishing process.Change if not satellite-ground link takes place, then judge whether it is inter-satellite link to take place change, change if satellite-ground link takes place, then satellite is initiated the inter-satellite link handoff procedure, switch if satellite completes successfully inter-satellite link, then satellite continues the business datum forwarding, otherwise enters the connection demolishing process.
After user terminal station begins business data transmission, enter the connection maintenance process.If business data transmission is finished, then send to connect to remove and ask satellite, enter the connection demolishing process simultaneously.If professional transmission is not finished, the satellite-ground link that user terminal station continues to monitor satellite transmission switches the initiation signaling, initiates signaling if receive the satellite-ground link switching of satellite transmission, then continues business data transmission, otherwise, beginning satellite-ground link handoff procedure.Switch if user terminal completes successfully satellite-ground link, then continue business data transmission, otherwise, the connection demolishing process entered.
(6) connect dismounting
Connect to remove subprocess as shown in figure 14, after the user terminal station business data transmission is finished, or when access path takes place to interrupt causing the user terminal station business data transmission to interrupt in the communication process, enter the connection demolishing process.
User terminal station initiates to connect the request of dismounting, this request is along the forwarding arrival purpose user terminal station of access path through the multi-satellite of inserting of satellite net, the purpose user terminal station connects dismounting after receiving and connecting the dismounting request, and the affirmation signaling was removed in the feedback connection after connection was removed and finished.Connect dismounting and confirm that signaling turns back to current satellite along the path that request is removed in connection, all satellite nodes on the access path discharge the resource that this access path takies after receiving that the affirmation signaling is removed in connection.
Sign off, terminal enter holding state or shutdown.
Space-based mobile communication system of the present invention and related communications method by adopting autonomous route switching on the star, make system descend greatly to the dependence of ground node; System adopts user radio to insert on the star and handles and the ground integrated RRM of star, can support multi-service integrated access and Radio Resource optimum allocation; System can adopt the network design based on IP/MPLS, can have with the good compatibility of ground existing system with to the QoS tenability of different business.This system can reduce the deployment of ground control station, simplifies the function of GCU, improves the capability to resist destruction of system, and can support IP-based transmission of packet data effectively, satisfies the professional transmission requirements of multimedia integration.By satellite communication system of the present invention, utilize satellite node can realize the whole world (or zone) interior user (comprising terrestrial user or aviation aircraft) seamless communication
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described but not limit it, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and these modifications or be equal to replacement and also can not make amended technical scheme break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1, a kind of space-based mobile communication system is characterized in that, comprising: at least one user terminal station, the inserting of satellite net that is made of a plurality of satellites and the ground core network that is made of a plurality of described juncture stations;
Described user terminal station, be used to set up with described inserting of satellite net between radio communication be connected, carry out bidirectional data transfers;
Described inserting of satellite net, be used to carry out between the described user terminal station and described user terminal station and described juncture station between the processing and the forwarding of communication data;
Be provided with route and exchange processing module in the described satellite, be used for setting up the intersatellite communication path of inserting of satellite net;
Described ground core network is used for whole communication system is controlled and managed.
2, communication system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described ground core network comprises:
First juncture station, the management and distribution, subscriber information management, systems network administration, system business statistics, the customer charge that are used for the communication resource are added up;
Second juncture station is used for remote measuring and controlling and status monitoring, track anticipation, remote measuring and controlling, loading analysis and the load configuration of satellite;
The 3rd juncture station is used for user's registration, customer call management, switching controls, and carries out interconnected with other communications network systems.
3, communication system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described user terminal station comprises:
User-satellite air interface module is used to set up the data wireless transmission bearer between terminal station and the satellite;
The Signaling ﹠ Protocol processing module is connected with described user-satellite air interface module, is used for establish a communications link relevant signaling and agreement of user terminal station and satellite handled;
Application program module is used to provide the platform that reaches data processing with user profile alternately;
The application level function interface module is connected with application program module with described user-satellite air interface module, is used for carrying out data forwarding between application program module and user-satellite interface module.
4, communication system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described user terminal station also comprises: gateway, be connected with described Signaling ﹠ Protocol processing module with described user-satellite air interface module, and be used for communicating and be connected with local area network.
5, communication system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described satellite also comprises: satellite-user's air interface module, be connected with exchange processing module with described route, and be used to set up two-way signaling bear and business datum carrying between satellite and the user terminal station;
Satellite-juncture station air interface module, be connected with exchange processing module with described route, be used for satellite transmission is encapsulated and send to juncture station to the data of ground core network, and the data from juncture station that receive are handled, and send to route and exchange processing module;
Satellite-satellite air interface module, be connected with exchange processing module with described route, be used for the data that needs send are encapsulated and send to other satellites, receive data simultaneously from other satellites, and after handling, send to route and exchange processing module.
6, communication system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described juncture station comprises:
Juncture station-satellite air interface module is used to set up the wireless connections between juncture station and the Access Network satellite, carries out bidirectional data transfers;
Juncture station-juncture station interface module is connected with described juncture station-satellite air interface module, is used to set up communicating to connect between the juncture station;
Management and control function module are connected with juncture station-juncture station interface module with described juncture station-satellite air interface module, are used to carry out satellite control, communication resource management and user management;
Information database is connected with control function module with described management, is used for the network information and the user profile of storing communication system.
7, a kind of communication means based on space-based mobile communication system is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1, user terminal station Access Network are via satellite carried out network registration;
Step 2, described user terminal station are carried out the business application according to self service parameter to described inserting of satellite net, and described inserting of satellite net carries out access control to described user terminal station;
Step 3, set up communicating to connect of described user terminal station and purpose user terminal station;
Step 4, described communicating to connect safeguarded;
Step 5, described the communicating to connect of dismounting.
8, method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described step 1 is specially;
Steps A 1, current satellite receive user terminal station and send networking register requirement signaling; Described current satellite refers to that service range covers the satellite of described user terminal station;
Steps A 2, judge whether described current satellite has been set up with the purpose juncture station and communicate to connect, if, execution in step A3 then, otherwise, execution in step A4;
Steps A 3, described signaling is transmitted to described purpose juncture station, execution in step A6 then;
Steps A 4, calculate the path of going to described purpose juncture station, then described signaling is sent to the purpose satellite that corresponding route is calculated the inter-satellite link correspondence of selecting according to network state and Routing Protocol;
Steps A 5, described purpose satellite send to described purpose juncture station with described signaling;
After steps A 6, described purpose juncture station receive described signaling, authentication process is carried out in described network registration request, if authentication success, then return the successful signaling that networks to described user terminal station by the satellite link of having set up, execution in step 2 then, otherwise, return the networking rejection signaling by the satellite link of having set up to described user terminal station, finish.
9, method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described step 2 is specially
Step B1, user terminal station are provided with the initial service parameter according to the demand of business, and send the service request of carrying this service parameter to the inserting of satellite net;
After step B2, inserting of satellite net are received service request, carry out the access control operation, judge whether to allow user terminal station to insert, if then execution in step 3, otherwise, execution in step B3;
Step B3, inserting of satellite net carry out service parameter to be consulted, and the suggestion service parameter after will consulting sends to user terminal station;
Step B4, described user terminal station are carried out the service parameter adjustment according to described suggestion service parameter, generate new service request according to adjusted service parameter, and this service request is sent to the inserting of satellite net, then execution in step B2.
10, method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, in described step B3, also comprise and whether judge the number of attempt that sends service request less than predefined maximum times, if, then send described service request, otherwise, holding state entered.
According to claim 9 or 10 described methods, it is characterized in that 11, described access control operation is specially:
After the inserting of satellite net is received service request, described service request is forwarded to ground core network, and carries out access control operation on the star, judge whether allow to insert, if then wait for and receive the access control signaling of ground core network, otherwise, send the signaling that refusal inserts to user terminal station;
After described ground core network is received described service request, carry out ground core network access control operation, judge whether to allow to insert, if, then send the signaling that allows access to described inserting of satellite net, otherwise, the signaling that refusal inserts sent to described inserting of satellite net;
Described inserting of satellite net is judged this signaling after receiving the access control signaling of described ground core network transmission, if allow the signaling of access, then sends the signaling that allows access, execution in step B5 then to described user terminal station; If the signaling that refusal inserts then sends the signaling that refusal inserts, execution in step B3 then to user terminal station.
According to the described method of claim 7, it is characterized in that 12, described step 3 is specially::
After current satellite in step C1, the inserting of satellite net receives the connection foundation request of active user terminal station transmission, for connecting, this reserves corresponding resource, carry out Path selection then, calculate first next satellite of access path, the described connection request of setting up is sent to described first next satellite; Described current satellite refers to that service range covers the satellite in described active user terminal station;
After step C2, described first next satellite are received described connection request, for connecting, this reserves corresponding resource, described then first next satellite carries out access path and selects, calculate second next satellite of access path, and described connection request sent to described second next satellite, judge whether described second satellite is the purpose satellite, if, execution in step C3 then, if not, after then described second next satellite is received described connection request, as described first next satellite, repeated execution of steps C2; Described purpose satellite refers to that service range covers the satellite of described purpose user terminal station;
After step C3, described purpose satellite are received described connection request, connect preparation, after connection is ready to complete, connect acknowledge message to described current satellite backspace by described access path;
Step C4, current satellite are described active user terminal station distributing user satellite air interface Radio Resource, and backspace connects acknowledge message to described active user terminal station;
After step C5, described purpose user terminal receive and connect acknowledge message, utilize the Radio Resource of current satellite distribution to begin professional transmission.
13, method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described step 4 specifically comprises the attended operation that communicates to connect that communicates to connect attended operation and/or user terminal station of satellite.
14, method according to claim 13 is characterized in that, the attended operation that communicates to connect of described user terminal station is specially:
Step D1, user terminal stand in the process of business data transmission, judge whether business data transmission is finished, if, then send to connect to remove and ask to satellite, execution in step 5 then, otherwise, execution in step D2;
The satellite-ground link that step D2, described user terminal station judge whether to receive satellite transmission switches initiates signaling, if, execution in step D3 then, otherwise, execution in step D1;
Step D3, described user terminal station initiate satellite-ground link and switch, and judge whether user terminal station finishes the satellite-ground link switching, if, execution in step D1 then, otherwise, execution in step 5.
15, method according to claim 13 is characterized in that, the attended operation that communicates to connect of described satellite is specially:
Step e 1, satellite judge whether to receive that connecting dismounting asks in the repeating process of business datum, if then execution in step 5, otherwise, execution in step E2;
Step e 2, described satellite carry out the access path state-detection, judge whether the access path state changes, if, execution in step E3 then, otherwise, execution in step E1;
Step e 3, described satellite judge whether the access path state changes is that satellite-ground link changes, if, execution in step E4, otherwise, execution in step E5;
Step e 4, initiate satellite-ground link and switch, judge whether to complete successfully satellite-ground link and switch, if, execution in step E1 then, otherwise, execution in step 5;
Step e 5, judge whether the access path state changes is that inter-satellite link changes, if, execution in step E6 then, otherwise, execution in step E1;
Step e 6, initiate inter-satellite link and switch, judge whether to complete successfully inter-satellite link and switch, if, execution in step E1 then, otherwise, execution in step 5.
16, method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described step 5 is specially:
After current satellite in the inserting of satellite net received that connection dismounting request is sent in the active user terminal station, this connection dismounting asked to arrive the purpose user terminal station along the forwarding of the multi-satellite of access path process inserting of satellite net;
After described purpose user terminal station receives and connects the request of dismounting, connect dismounting, return connection to the purpose satellite after connection is removed and finished and remove the affirmation signaling, this connection is removed and is confirmed that signaling turns back to described current satellite along the path that connects the request of dismounting, all satellites on the access path discharge the resource that this access path takies after receiving that connecting dismounting confirms signaling.
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