CN101033915A - Coal-fired gasifying combustion dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

It is a kind of coal gasification combustion dryer, which consists of coal gasification combustion furnace and heat exchanger. High-temperature fume in combustion furnace enter heat exchanger to proceed to be inverse-flame circulation from the upper end of combustion furnace. It is mainly characterized in that a inverse conical-tank coal feeder, outside which a air heater is installed, and under which a evaporator is installed. Upper poking ash knife, upper ash disk, lower poking ash knife and lower ash disk are installed under tower furnace bar. While driving rotating shaft of furnace bar to rotate, upper and lower poking knife both rotate under the driver of reducer, which can poke quantitative ash and slag into ash disposal bucket. And how much coal to add is decided by amount of ash discharge arranged, high-temperature fume enter heat exchanger to proceed to be inverse-flame circulate from the upper end of combustion furnace. This machine can adopt various kinds of pulverized coal to burn and to gasify, the utilization ratio of heat energy is high, and it can realize automatically drying control.

Description

Coal-fired gasifying combustion dryer

Described technical field:

The present invention is a kind of coal-fired gasifying combustion dryer, the dryer that especially a kind of automatic control coal gasification combustion furnace and heat exchanger are combined into one.

Background technology:

At present, be used for the oven dry of living beings classes such as tobacco leaf, bamboo timber, medicinal material, vegetables, edible mushroom, food, dry fruit, except that using electric heating, boiler person, aspect coal-fired direct heat transfer drying technology, also coal-fired gasifying combustion and heat exchange are not combined, even have gas generator and dryer are split not only makes the heat energy of producer lose, also be difficult to therefore coal gasification has been caused the loss of quite a few heat energy.

Summary of the invention:

Make to take place the raw material of mixed gas for the energy-conservation fine coal inexpensive with utilizing relative beans, the present invention is under the effect of ad hoc deashing coal supply linked system, after in burning, making a part of charcoal gasification produce mixed gas, after in same stove hall, fully mixing and lighting with hot-air, enter heat exchanger, and the heat of liberated heat and gasification back gas-fired uses simultaneously will gasify the time, thereby improves the utilization rate of heat energy.

The technical scheme that the present invention takes is: this machine is combined as a whole by automatic coal-fired gasifying combustion stove (hereinafter to be referred as combustion furnace) and heat exchanger.

Combustion furnace is to be made by a vertical tall and big relatively iron cylinder, its height is 3: 1 with diameter ratio, in stove, be provided with the turriform grate of automatically controlled rotation, the 250mm place is provided with the automatically coal feeding device above grate, it is one obconic jar, lower port diameter is chosen in the 60-100mm scope according to stove shape size, and this mouthful is the coal outlet of coal feeder.

The periphery of coal feeder is provided with an annular water evaporimeter, and it constitutes circulation by two pipes and the water that is located in the stove steam heat air mixer outward, and the water vapour of evaporation will mix with hot-air in blender, as the gasifying agent that produces mixed gas.The annular water evaporimeter is also established for the temperature that reduces the coal feeder coal outlet, coal is not sintered herein, and influences the automatic outflow of coal.

Skin at coal feeder is provided with air heater; Below grate, be provided with automatic ration ash discharge mechanism.

Its principle is as follows: the coal input is located in the outer coal bunker of combustion furnace, coal i.e. coal feeder in being located at stove is freely fallen on the siege, by the free slump of coal, between coal feeder coal outlet and fire bed, be connected into a conical siege, and supporting the coal in the coal feeder not continue to fall.Combustion furnace is in operation, the turriform grate rotates with 0.2-1 rev/min speed, drive quantitative ash discharge mechanism, with a certain amount of lime-ash storage hopper of dragging on, make the siege of grate top descend, coal in the coal feeder loses the support of certain altitude, then just flow out a certain amount of coal, till holding on coal in the coal feeder again and not falling.Can realize so repeatedly not only can automatic discharge, again postcombustion accurately.

After air blasts air heater, the hole of portion of air on the air heater housing sprays in the stove, with the abundant mixed combustion of mixed gas, after the outer steam hot air mixer of part feeding stove carries out water vapour, air mixing, enter the turriform grate through gasifying agent carrier pipe and grate shaft central hole, be diffused on the siege.Its effect: one, be the oxygen that abundance is provided for the burning of the coal on the siege; Two, the water vapour that enters is simultaneously met scorching hot charcoal and is gasificated into the higher mixed gas of calorific value; Can take away a part of waste heat when three, air, water vapour are through the ash bed on the grate, make the temperature of air and water vapour further improve, help the burning and the gasification of coal, can reduce the temperature of lime-ash again, reduce heat-energy losses, prevent the lime-ash caking, help deslagging.

Heat exchanger is vertically to be assembled by many radiating tubes, and is made into the downdraf circulation, i.e. after high-temperature flue gas spontaneous combustion furnace upper end is introduced heat exchanger, come downwards to the pipe bottom along one group of radiating tube of vertically installing.Discharge from chimney after the radiating tube of vertically installing to another group through the communicating pipe at the pipe end rises then.Vertically being equipped with as deduster of radiating tube makes dust fall to being stored in communicating pipe, is convenient to concentrate and discharges, and therefore helps heat exchange, significantly reduced the loss of heat energy.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: because of having designed a cover automatic ash removing, coal supply linked system, realized that with simple method be fuel with fine coal, carried out gasification, and combustion, designed a downdraf cycle heat exchange scheme again, improved heat utilization efficiency.Characteristics such as type is changeable, is applicable to the drying requirement of various different scales, and is simple in structure, cheap, easy to operate, safe and reliable.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described further.

Fig. 1 is a coal-fired gasifying combustion dryer structure installation diagram; Fig. 2, be that the B of Fig. 1 is to view;

Fig. 1 structure member title and numbered list:

Numbering	Title	Numbering	Title	Numbering	Title	Numbering	Title
								1	Combustion furnace	8	The turriform grate	15	The lower ash output mouth	22	Coal outlet
2	Heat exchanger	9	The grate rotating shaft	16	Last ash hole	23	Fire door
								3	Coal bunker	10	The storage ash bucket	17	Last gray moving cutter	24	Last ash-pan
4	Coal feeder	11	Umbrella gear box	18	Large bevel gear	25	Following ash-pan
								5	Air heater	12	The small bevel gear wheel shaft	19	Dividing plate	26	Radiating tube
6	Water evaporimeter	13	Following gray moving cutter	20	Lower communicating tube	27	Chimney
								7	The hot-air spray orifice	14	Cleaning door	21	Last communicating pipe	28	Air inlet

Fig. 2 structure member title and numbered list:

29	Bamboo vapour hot air mixer	31	Connector	33	The hot-air efferent duct
						30	The gasifying agent carrier pipe	32	The carbonated drink ring follows pipe

Claims (3)

1, a kind of coal-fired gasifying combustion dryer is combined as a whole by combustion furnace (1) and heat exchanger (2) two parts.Combustion furnace is to be made by a taller and bigger cylinder relatively made of iron, and its height is 3: 1 with diameter ratio; The 250mm place, top of turriform grate (8) is provided with a coal feeder (4) in the stove hall, the skin of coal feeder is air heater (5), the below of coal feeder is provided with water evaporimeter (6), and the water in the steam hot wind blender (29) of water wherein outside carbonated drink circulation pipe (32) and stove constitutes circulation.After hot blast efferent duct (33) input steam hot wind blender (29) and vapor mixing, siege is delivered in the hole among vaporization agent carrier pipe (30) and grate rotating shaft (9) by the air of air heater (5) heating.

2, described by claim 1, coal-fired gasifying combustion dryer, it is characterized in that: in grate rotating shaft (9), be provided with gray moving cutter (17) and following gray moving cutter (13), ash-pan under distance (25) 150mm eminence is provided with one and goes up ash-pan (24), be respectively equipped with an ash hole (16) on the ash-pan up and down, (15), 180 degree and mutually stagger.

3, described by claim 1, coal-fired gasifying combustion dryer is characterized in that: constitute the radiating tube (26) of heat exchanger (2), and horizontally disposed communicating pipe become vertical the connection up and down, and in last communicating pipe (21).A dividing plate (19) is established at the middle part, and five radiating tubes are divided into two groups, and last group three is the downdraf circulation pipe, and one group two of backs are last smoke evacuation tracheae.Radiating tube can become many rows side by side according to the size of oven dry scale, and the quantity of radiating tube is changeable also.

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