CN101030720A - DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator - Google Patents
DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN101030720A CN101030720A CN 200610161687 CN200610161687A CN101030720A CN 101030720 A CN101030720 A CN 101030720A CN 200610161687 CN200610161687 CN 200610161687 CN 200610161687 A CN200610161687 A CN 200610161687A CN 101030720 A CN101030720 A CN 101030720A
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Abstract
The invention is concerned with permanent-magnet brushless direct current generator, belonging to permanent-magnet synchronous generator. It relates to permanent-magnet synchronous generator and commute filter. The permanent-magnet synchronous generator is made of stator and rotor, and the rotor is two parts. One is the main rotor of the generator with fixed position, the other is adjusting rotor that can adjust its position along the radial direction to the main rotor, and fix with main rotor by bolt when the main rotor, adjusting rotor and turning axis move together. The filter's structure is zero type of rectifier and the commute diode connects with same anode and the common spot of anode is the spot with low voltage to the outputted direct current voltage. The voltage of the generator is easy for adjusting without additional voltage adjusting device. The filter had small current stress and wastage and the radiator's structure is simple, so the permanent-magnet brushless direct current generator had high dependability and efficiency to be used emergency power supply and low voltage and big current.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magneto alternator.
Two, technical background
Permagnetic synchronous motor has been eliminated the excitation loss of electric excitation synchronous motor with permanent magnet excitation, and has saved the Mechanical Contact device, has realized brushless structure, has remarkable advantage simple in structure, reliable and that power density is big, efficient is high.Simultaneously, after magneto was made, air-gap field was regulated difficulty, and this becomes its inherent defect that is applied to the electricity generation system main power source.Chinese scholars has proposed some efficient ways around the voltage-regulation of magneto alternator, as series capacitance pressure regulation, additional dc magnetization winding pressure regulation, converters pressure regulation, birotor or two stator voltage controllings etc.Also have the scholar to propose mixed excitation electric machine version, this motor is to increase electric excitation part on the basis of magneto, and the magnetic field that electric excitation winding energising back is set up is in order to regulating main air-gap field, thereby realizes the pressure regulation purpose.
Although magneto alternator voltage-regulation difficulty, in some particular application, in emergency power system, we just in time can utilize it to make the characteristic that back output voltage excursion is little, inherent voltage regulation is lower, external characteristic is hard.Especially in the DC power system, the load power factor height, armature reaction demagnetizing effect is not strong, therefore, if the electric generator structure parameter designing rationally, accurately, output voltage range meets the requirements, then generator output through do not control after the rectification can be directly as the power supply of direct current power load, do not need the extra power device with voltage regulation function that increases, simplied system structure improves the system works reliability.
But, generator electromagnetism computational accuracy is limited, and manufacturing process complexity, just owing to have many uncertainties in design of electrical motor and the manufacture process, after so permanent magnet generator completes, in case its output voltage precision is discontented with the pedal system index request, then is difficult to adjust, thereby can not directly applies to occasion such as emergency power supply.
As everyone knows, improve the volume weight that generator speed can reduce motor.In addition, for making the DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator external characteristic harder, can increase the motor number of pole-pairs to reduce its armature reaction magnetic potential.But with the increase of motor speed and number of pole-pairs, generator induced potential frequency increases exponentially, and can cause that iron loss increases in the electric machine rotor.For this reason, can adopt 30 ° of two Y rectifications of 6 phase phase shifts, circuit structure can effectively reduce high order harmonic component content such as armature mmf 5,7 like this, thereby reduce rotor surface eddy current loss and output dc voltage pulsating quantity as shown in Figure 1.But the rectifier diode number is 12 in this rectification circuit topology, its steady-state current stress be load current half, so the rectifying part power loss is bigger, especially in the low-voltage, high-current occasion, must attached heat sinks to guarantee the work of diode normal reliable.
Three, summary of the invention
Make the back output voltage and adjust difficulty and the bigger deficiency of output rectifier spare loss in order to overcome magneto alternator, a kind of simple in structure, output voltage is easy to adjust, rectification efficiency is high DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator is provided.
DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator implementation of the present invention is as follows: whole motor comprises magneto alternator and output rectifier filter two large divisions.The magneto alternator stator is made up of iron core and winding.Rotor is made of permanent magnet and rotating pole-piece, and different with traditional permagnetic synchronous motor is, it is the two-part structure, and one section is the generator main rotor, and another section is for regulating rotor, the shared same rotating shaft of two-stage rotor.Offer the screwed hole that radially all goes on foot on the main rotor pole shoe, regulate rotor and offer position correspondence, the same number of through hole.Main rotor position relative fixed is regulated the relative main rotor of rotor and can radially be rotated adjusting the position, and magnetize mode and number of pole-pairs of the permanent magnet of two-stage rotor is identical.If the number of two-stage rotor every utmost point pole shoe upper screwed hole and through hole is n (n is the integer more than or equal to 2), the rotor pole logarithm is p (p is the integer more than or equal to 1), then regulate the rotatable mechanical angle of the relative main rotor of rotor and can be 360 ° * k/2p (n+1), k=1 wherein, 2,3 ..., n+1.After generator completes, if output voltage does not satisfy technical requirement, can rotate the adjusting rotor, because relative position changes between two-stage rotor, the air-gap magnetic field direction of two-stage rotor correspondence is no longer identical, and the pole shoe of two-stage rotor staggers behind the certain angle mutually, makes the magnet steel of each section rotor all produce the axial magnetic flux path in another section rotating pole-piece, can adjust air-gap field so effectively and reach the purpose of adjusting output voltage.After the position adjustment is suitable, connect by screw between the two-stage rotor.The voltage adjustment is that the scope that air-gap field is adjusted is determined by two-stage rotor axial length ratio, and the precision of voltage adjustment is by screwed hole of offering on the rotating pole-piece and number of through-holes decision.
The alternating current of magneto alternator output becomes direct current through behind the rectifying and wave-filtering.Different with the two Y rectification circuits of 30 ° of 6 phase phase shifts is, DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator of the present invention adopts 30 ° of windings of 12 phase phase shifts, be designed to concentrate whole apart from winding so that its phase potential waveform is a top width more than or equal to 120 ° square wave.Rectifying part is 12 zero mutually formula rectifier structures, 12 rectifier diodes anode connections altogether, and anode common point current potential is zero, is the cold end (negative pole) of output voltage.The negative electrode of 12 rectifier diodes respectively with 12 armature winding series connection mutually, the other end of 12 phase armature winding is connected in a common point, is the hot end (positive pole) of out-put supply.Between the both positive and negative polarity of output voltage and connect a filter capacitor.Because phase winding potential waveform top width is not less than 120 °, 12 phase winding phase shifts are 30 °, so adopt 12 zero mutually formula rectification circuits, synchronization has and is no less than 120 °/30 °=4 rectifier diode conductings during steady operation, the rectifier diode current stress is 1/4 load current, and the diode current stress of comparing in 30 ° of two Y rectification circuits of 6 phase phase shifts has reduced half.
Above scheme is specially adapted to the tangential magnetization configuration of rotor, can be applied to the rotor radial magnetization configuration equally.
As fully visible, DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator of the present invention has following outstanding advantage:
1. because generator adopts the two-part rotor structure, even do not meet the demands so motor is made the back output voltage, also can adjust generator output voltage by the relative position of adjusting two-stage rotor, do not need redesign, make motor, shorten the generator lead time, under application scenarios such as emergency power system, do not need extra voltage regulating device just can satisfy voltage indexes requirement, simplied system structure greatly;
2. adopt 12 zero mutually formula rectification circuits, as long as winding phase potential waveform is designed to the square wave that top width is not less than 120 °, then compare with 30 ° of two Y rectification circuits of 6 phase shifts, the rectifier diode invariable number, current stress but reduces half, can select the rectifier diode of low rated current parameter like this, and the diode power loss reduces, improve the overall efficiency of generator, be specially adapted to the low-voltage, high-current occasion.
3. since 12 mutually in the zero formula rectification circuits rectifier diode adopt altogether that anode connects, anode common point current potential is zero, so the fansink designs of rectifier diode is greatly simplified, even radiator that can be independent directly utilizes casing to dispel the heat.
4. the axial length that changes the generator two-stage rotor when screwed hole and number of through-holes can change generator output voltage adjusting range and precision, the voltage indexes requirement of the different application that is content with very little occasion, flexible design.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is 30 ° of two Y rectification circuit structural topologies of 6 phase phase shifts of prior art;
Fig. 2 is that DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator structure of the present invention is formed schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator embodiment;
Fig. 4 is an A-A profile among Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is a B-B profile among Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 is 12 zero mutually formula current rectifying and wave filtering circuit structure charts.
Above-mentioned number in the figure title: 1, generator unit stator; 2, main rotor; 3, regulate rotor; 4, rotating shaft; 5, attachment screw; 6, rectifier filter; 7, generator stator core; 8, armature winding; 9, main rotor pole shoe; 10, main rotor magnet steel; 11, regulate rotating pole-piece; 12, regulate rotor magnetic steel; 13, electric machine casing; 14, front end housing; 15, rear end cap; 16, rectifier housing; 17, output wiring terminal; 18, bearing; 19, the internal thread hole on the main rotor pole shoe; 20, the through hole on the adjusting rotating pole-piece.
Embodiment
Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 have provided the DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator embodiment of 2 pairs of extremely tangential magnetization configuration.As shown in Figure 3, generator unit stator is made of the stator core 7 and the armature winding 8 of magnetic conduction, and armature winding is 30 ° of facies tracts of 12 phases.Generator amature is divided into two sections, and main rotor Duan Youqi rotating pole-piece 9 constitutes with tangential magnetized magnet steel 10, regulates rotor section and is made of with tangential magnetized magnet steel 12 its rotating pole-piece 11.Main rotor position relative fixed, offer the internal thread hole 19 that 5 radial positions all go on foot on its every utmost point pole shoe 9, regulating rotor can radially rotate, offer the through hole 20 that 5 radial positions all go on foot on its every utmost point pole shoe 11, internal thread hole 19 and through hole 20 are corresponding one by one, and the screw 5 that is screwed into internal thread hole 19 between the two-stage rotor by passing through hole 20 is fixedly connected.Be rigidly connected in after two-stage rotor is fixedly connected on the alternator shaft 4 again, be sealed with rolling bearing 18 respectively between the front end housing 14 of rotating shaft 4 and generator and the rear end cap 15, generator unit stator and rotor are installed in the electric machine casing 13.Armature winding 8 is introduced the rectifier filter 6 that is fixed on the rectifying part housing 16, passes through generator output wiring terminal 17 output DCs behind rectifying and wave-filtering.
Fig. 4 has provided the relative main rotor of adjusting rotor with Fig. 5 and has radially rotated 30 ° of main rotor A-A face cutaway views under the mechanical angle state and regulate rotor B-B face cutaway view.By Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 as seen, in the present embodiment, there are 4 screws to connect on every utmost point pole shoe of two-stage rotor.Present embodiment is regulated the relative main rotor of rotor and can also be rotated 15 °, 45 °, 60 °, 75 °, 90 ° mechanical angles.Under the different rotary mechanical angle, generator output voltage value difference.Is zero when regulating rotor with respect to the main rotor anglec of rotation, and it is just in time corresponding promptly to regulate between rotor and main rotor pole shoe and magnet steel, armature winding induced potential maximum then, and generator output voltage is the highest behind rectifying and wave-filtering.Is 90 ° of mechanical angles when regulating rotor with respect to the main rotor anglec of rotation, promptly regulates rotor and main rotor pole shoe polarity is just the opposite, armature winding induced potential minimum then, and generator output voltage is minimum.After generator completes, adjust the relative position of regulating between rotor and the main rotor as required.Equally, screwed hole and number of through-holes on the present embodiment rotor pole shoe can change, and increase number and can increase output voltage adjustment precision.
Fig. 6 is 12 zero mutually formula current rectifying and wave filtering circuit structural shapes.D1～D12 is a rectifier diode, the anode of 12 rectifier diodes links together, ground for output voltage U dc, the negative electrode of rectifier diode respectively with 12 phase winding A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2 ,-A1 ,-A2 ,-B1 ,-B2 ,-C1 ,-C2 connects, the other end of 12 phase windings links together and is the high potential of output voltage U dc.Filter capacitor C1 cross-over connection is in output voltage U dc two ends.
Claims (4)
1. DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator, comprise magneto alternator and rectifier filter two parts, magneto alternator comprises the stator of being made up of stator core (7) and armature winding (8) (1), rotor, front end housing (14), rear end cap (15) and be connected in former and later two end caps (14 by bearing (18), 15) rotating shaft on (4), housing (13), it is characterized in that, its rotor is divided into the main rotor (2) of shared same rotating shaft (4) and regulates (3) two sections of rotors, wherein main rotor (2) is installed on the main rotor pole shoe (9) by main rotor magnet steel (10) and forms, and is installed in the position relative fixed in the rotating shaft (4); Regulate rotor (3) and be installed in and regulate that institute forms on the rotating pole-piece (11) by regulating rotor magnetic steel (12), adjustable with respect to its radial position of main rotor (2), and pass through screw (5) and fixedly connected with main rotor (2); Described rectifier filter (6) is zero formula rectifier structure, place in the rectifier housing (16), rectifier diode anode altogether connects, the anode common point is the cold end of output voltage, the negative electrode of rectifier diode is connected with armature winding respectively, the other end of armature winding is connected in a common point, is the hot end of out-put supply.
2. DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that armature winding is that 30 ° of facies tracts of 12 phases are concentrated windings.
3. DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that offering radially equally distributed screwed hole on main rotor (2) pole shoe, regulate rotor (3) and offer the position correspondence, the same number of through hole, the number of rotor every utmost point pole shoe upper screwed hole and through hole is n, n is the integer more than or equal to 2, the rotor pole logarithm is p, p is the integer more than or equal to 1, then regulates the relative rotatable mechanical angle of main rotor of rotor (3) and can be 360 ° * k/2p (n+1), wherein k=1,2,3 ..., n+1, after the rotating machinery angle is selected, screw (5) is passed through hole be screwed into screwed hole.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator, rotor can be tangential magnetization configuration, also can be the diametrical magnetization structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200610161687A CN100581030C (en) | 2006-12-31 | 2006-12-31 | DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator |
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| CN200610161687A CN100581030C (en) | 2006-12-31 | 2006-12-31 | DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator |
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| CN101030720A true CN101030720A (en) | 2007-09-05 |
| CN100581030C CN100581030C (en) | 2010-01-13 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102938961A (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-02-20 | 广东威创视讯科技股份有限公司 | LED (Light-Emitting Diode) constant-current source |
| CN103683686A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-26 | 南京航空航天大学 | Permanent magnet brushless DC power generator rectification method and permanent magnet brushless DC power generator |
| WO2016201712A1 (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2016-12-22 | 今盛科技有限公司 | Multi-rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2106057A1 (en) * | 1971-02-09 | 1972-09-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Alternator |
| CN2492000Y (en) * | 2000-06-09 | 2002-05-15 | 金阳 | Internal triangle, external Y-connection of three-phase stator winding |
| JP3879413B2 (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2007-02-14 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Conveying system and rotating electric machine |
| CN2604820Y (en) * | 2003-02-26 | 2004-02-25 | 苏新页 | Six-phase half-wave rectification electric generator for vehicle air conditioner |
| CN1929260A (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2007-03-14 | 发那科株式会社 | Motor and motor manufacturing apparatus |
| CN2829205Y (en) * | 2005-09-21 | 2006-10-18 | 山东理工大学 | Tangential permament magnet and electromagnetic mixed excitation generator |
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2006
- 2006-12-31 CN CN200610161687A patent/CN100581030C/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102938961A (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-02-20 | 广东威创视讯科技股份有限公司 | LED (Light-Emitting Diode) constant-current source |
| CN103683686A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-26 | 南京航空航天大学 | Permanent magnet brushless DC power generator rectification method and permanent magnet brushless DC power generator |
| WO2016201712A1 (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2016-12-22 | 今盛科技有限公司 | Multi-rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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| CN100581030C (en) | 2010-01-13 |
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