CN1835351A - Synchrous dynamo exciter of rotatable power electronic converter - Google Patents
Synchrous dynamo exciter of rotatable power electronic converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN1835351A CN1835351A CNA2006100386939A CN200610038693A CN1835351A CN 1835351 A CN1835351 A CN 1835351A CN A2006100386939 A CNA2006100386939 A CN A2006100386939A CN 200610038693 A CN200610038693 A CN 200610038693A CN 1835351 A CN1835351 A CN 1835351A
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- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
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Abstract
The excitation unit includes rotating transformer, electronic power and control circuit, and rotation diode rectification circuit. The electronic power and control circuit connected to primary winding and primary magnetic core of the rotating transformer is fixed on end plate of stator on synchro motor together. Secondary winding and secondary magnetic core of the rotating transformer are connected to the rotation diode rectification circuit. The rotation diode rectification circuit outputs exciting current to excitation coil of rotor in synchro motor. Secondary winding and secondary magnetic core and rotation diode rectification circuit are fixed on the rotor. There is air gap between primary magnetic core and secondary magnetic core, which are rotated relatively. The disclosed excitation unit of rotatable electronic converter supplies stable adjustable dc excitation for synchro motor, promoting competitive power of speed control system of synchro motor.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of excitation unit of synchronous machine, relate in particular to a kind of device that utilizes converters synchronous machine to be carried out excitation.
Two, background technology
Synchronous machine generator operation (being synchronous generator) is the first-selection of most generating occasions, from the automobile-used commutator generator of more than hundred watt of the high-rating generator to of hundred megawatts, uses quite extensive.In aviation, the present generation aircraft power generator also almost all adopts synchronous generator.The excitation mode of common synchronous generator is: winding is installed on the rotor rotated, collector ring is installed in rotating shaft, introduce the excitation DC electricity by brush, because of there not being back-emf in the excitation winding, so excitation capacity is little; By comparison, the motor of AC excitation (as induction machine) then needs bigger excitation capacity.But the existence of electric brush slip ring can reduce the operational reliability of motor, increases the workload of safeguarding.
In order to solve the not high problem of energized circuit reliability that above-mentioned synchronous machine exists, for many years, people have poured into a large amount of painstaking effort, seek the brushless excitation scheme of synchronous machine.These brushless excitation schemes mainly contain: (1) has realized the magneto of excitation brushlessization, on its rotor permanent magnetic material is installed, and provides motor required excitation magnetic potential, has realized non-brushing.But magneto has following shortcoming: the field suppression protection when 1. making generator operation and can not realize fault; 2. can not regulate output voltage by the method for regulating excitation, voltage stabilizing must take other measures, so can not extensive use; 3. permanent magnet motor has energy-efficient characteristics because of it, uses very wide at aspects such as electric motor car, energy-conservation household electrical appliances; On commercial Application, be commonly used for servo-drive, fast in zero-speed to base, permanent magnetic brushless servomotor all can be worked well, but in the constant-power speed regulation scope of the above weak magnetic speed-up of fundamental frequency, its performance still can not be satisfactory, common surface-mount type magneto is because the magnetic circuit magnetic resistance is very big, and weakening magnetic field needs stator that bigger demagnetizing current is provided, and has occupied the available capacity of winding; Custom-designed magneto promptly allows to successfully to realize weak magnetic speed-up in a big way, if but inverter is out of control or power down, and when rotating speed was too high, magneto might damage output HIGH voltage inverter or cause other harm; 4. rare earth permanent-magnetic material is expensive, so the manufacturing cost of magneto is higher; (2) adopted the no-brush synchronous generator of rotating rectifier, this generator is actually the exciter of a revolving-armature type alternator as main generator, the output of exciter provides DC excitation through the three-phase rotating rectifier for main generator, eliminated electric brush slip ring, reliability improves greatly, and still, there are several significant disadvantages in this rotating rectifier brushless AC generator: 1. increased the exciter part, axial space increases, and power density decreases; 2. the output of voltage regulator needs could to work to the main generator excitation winding through excitation winding, exciter armature winding, the rotating rectifier of exciter, and the transition process complexity influences the dynamic property of system greatly; 3. need the synchronous motor of speed governing operation to adopt this scheme improper because when zero-speed, low speed exciter output or output are not enough; (3) T.F.Chen (sees Chan, T.F on a kind of brushless, no exciter synchronous generator structure of proposition in 1997; Lie-Tong Yan work " performance evaluation of brushless exciterless alternating current generator ", be stated from " IEEE Conversion of energy " the 12nd volume, No.1, in March, 1997 version, the 32-37 page or leaf), its stator winding adopts two cover three phase windings in parallel (by utmost point phase assembling and dismantling branch), inserts adjustable DC power supply at two cover central points, in two cover windings, form direct current, between air gap, form static D.C. magnetic field; The rotor winding cuts this magnetic field and forms induced potential, the rotor winding coil is by the diode short circuit, then in the rotor winding, flow through unidirectional direct current, form rotating excitation magnetic field again, export three-phase voltage in armature winding, obviously because this rotor exciting current is interrupted, so the output waveform of generator is relatively poor, utilance unshakable in one's determination decreases, and is not suitable for the motor speed adjusting operation equally; (4) Fukuo Shibata proposes a kind of brushless, exciterless novel solution and (sees Shibata, F.; Naoe, N work " brushless no exciter self-excitation synchronous generator characteristic ", be stated from " 1990IEEE commercial Application association annual meeting proceeding ", the .293-300 page or leaf, the volume 1.1, October nineteen ninety version), 6 terminals of two cover threephase stator windings connect 6 terminals of the ws of transformer, centre tap flows through exciting current and load current, exciting current, load current loop difference simultaneously for the output of three-phase winding voltage in the winding.The number of poles of the winding that forms is 2 times or 1/2 relation; Flow through the exciting current of direct current and the alternating current of induction in the rotor coil simultaneously, induction and two electric current formed numbers of poles of excitation are 2 or 1/2 relations, the JK end is held the field supply that flows through corresponding different numbers of poles respectively with M1M2, the output waveform of the brushless generator of this form has improvement, but shortcoming is to have added transformer, and volume weight increases; (5) Sakutaro Nonaka has proposed a kind of power electronics and control technology thereof utilized the scheme of carrying out non-brushing of synchronous machine (has been seen Nonaka, S.; Kawaguchi, T. work " a kind of speed change alternator system of novel employing brushless self-excited type synchronous generator " is stated from " 1990IEEE commercial Application association annual meeting proceeding ", the 691-696 page or leaf, volume 1.1, October nineteen ninety version; Nonaka, S.; Kawaguchi, T. work " the excitation scheme of brushless self-excited type three-phase synchronous motor " is stated from " IEEE commercial Application magazine " the 28th volume, No.6,1322-1329 page or leaf, version in 1992; Nonaka, S.; Kawaguchi, T. work " a kind of speed change alternating current power-generating system of novel employing brushless self-excited type synchronous generator ", be stated from " IEEE commercial Application magazine ", the 28th volume, No.2, March/April number, the 490-496 page or leaf, version in 1992), this scheme has adopted and the fine novel no-brush synchronous generator system that combines of power electronic equipment, having superposeed in the rotating magnetic field of stator is used to produce the magnetic field of excitation, and this magnetic field is produced according to suitable modulation strategy by converter, produces induced potential like this in the rotor winding, because the rectified action of diode, produce required unidirectional DC excitation electricity, but obviously the output waveform of generator contains a large amount of harmonic waves, can not directly utilize; (6) a kind of rotor orientation controlling schemes of the brushless synchronous motor of Jun Oyama proposition AC excitation (is seen Oyama, J.; Higuchi, T. show " characteristic of the excitatory brushless synchronous motor of interchange under the vector control ", be stated from " the 19th annual meeting proceeding of IEEE power electronics specialists meeting ", volume 1.1, the 423-430 page or leaf, version in 1988), this scheme does not need exciter, the rotor-exciting winding is the single-phase short circuit winding, and the three-phase alternating current that inverter is supplied with stator winding forms the impulsive magnetic field that rotates in the air gap of motor.Decide excitation current component and torque component by the position of surveying rotor, the pulsating rotating magnetic field that torque component forms is positioned at the d axle, and the alternation excitation component is positioned at the q axle, guarantee to form the moment of constant direction, obviously, moment is significantly pulsed, and causes the application of this scheme that limitation is arranged.
In sum, these are brushless, the scheme of no exciter synchronous machine has following defective: (1) has increased additional winding or attachment device, has improved the complexity of electric machine structure, causes the volume of motor, weight to rise, and power density descends; (2) exciting current is non-constant; (3) zero-speed low speed does not have excitation; (4) output voltage waveforms departs from sine; (5) excitation regulation inconvenience; (6) torque pulsation; (7) efficient is lower.
Three, summary of the invention
1, goal of the invention: the objective of the invention is provides the converters exciting device of synchronous motor that a kind of exciting current is stable, volume is little for the operation of synchronous machine.
2, technical scheme: in order to reach the foregoing invention purpose, synchrous dynamo exciter of rotatable power electronic converter of the present invention comprises resolver, electric and electronic power and control circuit and rotating diode rectification circuit, wherein, electric and electronic power is connected with the elementary winding of control circuit and resolver, elementary magnetic core, and the stator terminal that together is fixed on synchronous machine covers; The secondary winding of resolver, secondary magnetic core are connected with the rotating diode rectification circuit, the rotating diode rectification circuit is to the rotor excitation coil output exciting current of synchronous machine, and secondary winding, secondary magnetic core and rotating diode rectification circuit together are fixed on the rotor; Air gap separation and relative rotation are arranged between elementary magnetic core and the secondary magnetic core.
In the technical program, resolver can be divided into dynamic and static two parts, and static part is elementary winding, elementary magnetic core, be installed together with the stator of synchronous machine, motion parts is secondary winding, secondary magnetic core, is installed together with rotor, rotates with rotor; Dynamic and static two parts are separated with air gap, air gap length should be got dynamic and static two parts that machining can guarantee and do not wiped the minimum value of bumping mutually, the version of resolver will guarantee that dynamic and static two-part magnetic circuit coupling surface area when rotating relatively is constant, do not influence the coupling magnetic flux of transformer, the transmission that still can keep magnetic field energy, between counterrotating magnetic core, can transmit electromagnetic energy, realize electrical energy transfer conversion under the rotatable state.The common topological form of existing isolated form DC-DC converter, as anti-swash, normal shock, recommend, bridge-type etc., can be that rotatable converters of the present invention adopts.No matter which kind of topology will be designed to rotatable converters, all needs resolver is designed to dynamic and static two parts, inserts air gap, and forms rotatable transformer.In practice, the exciting power of transmission adopts anti-sharp, normal shock form at tens of watt-hours, and the excitation transform power is adopting the bridge-type variation more than hundreds of watts.When the operation of the synchronous machine of reality, no matter be electronic or generating state under, need regulate according to operational factors such as load size and rotating speed height, reach high runnability.The circuit of rotatable converters of the present invention is actual to be exactly the synchronous machinery excitation regulating circuit, according to exciting current control command (exciting current set-point, provide by other control units) by-pass cock translation circuit duty ratio, change output exciting current size.
Among the present invention, resolver can adopt high-frequency pulse transformer, and by magnetic coupling, the electric energy on former and deputy limit carries out the conversion transmission, realizes the input and output isolation; The elementary magnetic core and the secondary magnetic core of resolver are designed to annular, and center on the rotating shaft of synchronous machine, transmit electric energy by electromagnetic coupled.
Operation principle of the present invention is: the direct current of input power supply, by available electric and electronic power circuit and control circuit in the prior art, obtain the variable potential pulse of duty ratio, be applied to the elementary of resolver, through the electromagnetic coupled of resolver, the rotating part of energy from the non-contacting inductive transfer of the stationary part of converter to converter.Through the rotating diode rectification circuit that can get in the prior art, produce galvanic current stream, give the excitation winding power supply of motor.Behind the electric power generation,, feed back to electric and electronic power circuit and control circuit and implement control,, reach the purpose of regulating the motor excitation electric current by adjusting the duty ratio of power switch from the sampling of alternating current output.
3, beneficial effect: advantage of the present invention is: can both stablize adjustable DC excitation in zero-speed for synchronous machine provides to any running range of speeds, can promote the competitiveness of synchronous motor governing system greatly, particularly in power is governing system more than thousands of watts, with respect to adopting expensive magneto, it will be more competitive adopting the synchronous motor of the novel brushless excitation mode of the application's proposition; Adopt the generator of the novel brushless excitation mode of the present application will effectively promote the quality of the power supply of China's type aircraft, battlebus, national defense construction is had bigger practical significance, very big application and popularization value is also arranged at aspects such as civilian power generation, servo-drive.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a fundamental diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the radial air gap structural representation of resolver of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the axial air-gap structural representation of resolver of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the position view of rotation high frequency transformer in motor.
Five, embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further specified:
As shown in the figure, synchrous dynamo exciter of rotatable power electronic converter comprises rotation high frequency transformer 1, electric and electronic power and control circuit 2 and rotating diode rectification circuit 3, wherein, electric and electronic power is connected with elementary winding 7, the elementary magnetic core 8 of control circuit 2 and resolver 1, and the stator terminal that together is fixed on synchronous machine covers, the secondary winding 9 of resolver 1, rotating diode rectification circuit 3 and rotor-exciting winding 4 constitute the loop, and secondary magnetic core 10 and rotating diode rectification circuit 3 are fixed on the rotor of synchronous machine; Resolver 1 adopts high-frequency pulse transformer; The elementary magnetic core 8 and the secondary magnetic core 10 of high-frequency pulse transformer are designed to annular, around the rotating shaft of synchronous machine.During this device busy, the direct current 5 of input power supply, by electric and electronic power circuit and control circuit 2, obtain the variable potential pulse of duty ratio, be applied to the elementary of resolver 1, through the electromagnetic coupled of resolver, the rotating part of energy from the non-contacting inductive transfer of the stationary part of converter to converter; Through rectification circuit 3, produce galvanic current stream, give excitation winding 4 power supplies of motor; Behind the electric power generation,, feed back to electric and electronic power circuit and control circuit 2 enforcement controls from the sampling of alternating current output; By adjusting the duty ratio of power switch, reach the purpose of regulating the motor excitation electric current.
As shown in Figure 2, when the air gap of resolver 1 for radially the time, its magnetic core is the annular that is similar to jar type, Transformer Winding is laid in the centre, secondary magnetic core 10 is fixed in the rotating shaft 6, and static elementary magnetic core 8 is fixed in stator terminal and covers, and its centre bore will make rotating shaft 6 freely stretch out;
As shown in Figure 3, when the air gap of resolver 1 was axial, its magnetic core was the cylindric loop configuration of both sides projection, and secondary magnetic core 10 is installed in the rotating shaft 6 of motor, and static elementary magnetic core 8 is installed on the electric machine stand.
As shown in Figure 4, the elementary winding 7 of resolver is embedded in the elementary magnetic core 8, fixes with the stator end cap of synchronous machine, and secondary winding 9 is embedded in the secondary magnetic core 10, together is fixed on the rotor 11 with rotating diode rectification circuit 3, with rotor 11 rotations; To guarantee that in when assembling design dynamic and static two parts do not wipe the minimum required air gap length of bumping mutually, and guarantee that magnetic circuit coupling surface area when rotation relatively is constant, not influence the coupling magnetic flux of transformer.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of synchrous dynamo exciter of rotatable power electronic converter, it is characterized in that this device comprises resolver (1), electric and electronic power and control circuit (2) and rotating diode rectification circuit (3), wherein, the elementary winding (7) of electric and electronic power and control circuit (2) and resolver (1), elementary magnetic core (8) connects the stator terminal that also together is fixed on synchronous machine and covers, the secondary winding (9) of resolver (1), secondary magnetic core (10) is connected with rotating diode rectification circuit (3), rotating diode rectification circuit (3) is to rotor excitation coil (4) the output exciting current of synchronous machine, secondary winding (9), secondary magnetic core (10) and rotating diode rectification circuit (3) together are fixed on the rotor; Air gap separation and relative rotation are arranged between elementary magnetic core (8) and the secondary magnetic core (10).
2, synchrous dynamo exciter of rotatable power electronic converter as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that resolver (1) is a high-frequency pulse transformer.
3, synchrous dynamo exciter of rotatable power electronic converter as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the elementary magnetic core (8) of resolver (1) and secondary magnetic core (10) are annular, around the rotating shaft of synchronous machine.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010003474A1 (en) | 2008-07-09 | 2010-01-14 | Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Kg | Separately excited electrical synchronous machine and method for operating a synchronous machine |
| CN101924440A (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2010-12-22 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Synchronous motor brushless excitation device realized by adopting switching power supply |
| CN101632141B (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2012-05-09 | 模拟技术公司 | Non-contact rotary power transfer system |
| CN102570849A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-07-11 | 通用电气公司 | Electric power system including power converter and rotary transformer and method of assembling same |
| CN102651274A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2012-08-29 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | High frequency rotary transformer for synchronous electrical machines |
| WO2015090228A1 (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-06-25 | 谢胜利 | Transformer, synchronous generator and synchronous motor |
| CN104836356A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-08-12 | 唐楠 | Electric motor with variable rated power |
| CN105469966A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-04-06 | 上海吉亿电机有限公司 | Rotary transformer |
| CN106921278A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2017-07-04 | 铃木株式会社 | Electric rotating machine |
| CN108494221A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-09-04 | 谢春辉 | A kind of energy conversion driving device improving energy utilization rate |
| CN112636539A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-09 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Excitation device and motor |
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2006
- 2006-03-08 CN CNA2006100386939A patent/CN1835351A/en active Pending
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101632141B (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2012-05-09 | 模拟技术公司 | Non-contact rotary power transfer system |
| WO2010003474A1 (en) | 2008-07-09 | 2010-01-14 | Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Kg | Separately excited electrical synchronous machine and method for operating a synchronous machine |
| US8508179B2 (en) | 2008-07-09 | 2013-08-13 | Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Kg | Separately excited electrical synchronous machine, and method for operating a synchronous machine |
| CN102089965B (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2014-06-25 | 索尤若驱动有限及两合公司 | Separately excited electrical synchronous machine and method for operating a synchronous machine |
| CN101924440A (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2010-12-22 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Synchronous motor brushless excitation device realized by adopting switching power supply |
| CN101924440B (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2014-12-10 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Synchronous motor brushless excitation device realized by adopting switching power supply |
| CN102570849A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-07-11 | 通用电气公司 | Electric power system including power converter and rotary transformer and method of assembling same |
| CN102651274A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2012-08-29 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | High frequency rotary transformer for synchronous electrical machines |
| WO2015090228A1 (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-06-25 | 谢胜利 | Transformer, synchronous generator and synchronous motor |
| CN104836356A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-08-12 | 唐楠 | Electric motor with variable rated power |
| CN106921278A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2017-07-04 | 铃木株式会社 | Electric rotating machine |
| CN106921278B (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2019-03-19 | 铃木株式会社 | Rotating electric machine |
| CN105469966A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-04-06 | 上海吉亿电机有限公司 | Rotary transformer |
| CN108494221A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-09-04 | 谢春辉 | A kind of energy conversion driving device improving energy utilization rate |
| CN112636539A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-09 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Excitation device and motor |
| CN112636539B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-05-03 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Excitation device and motor |
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