CN101021898A - Infrared face authenticating apparatus, and portable terminal and security apparatus including the same - Google Patents
Infrared face authenticating apparatus, and portable terminal and security apparatus including the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101021898A CN101021898A CN 200710005735 CN200710005735A CN101021898A CN 101021898 A CN101021898 A CN 101021898A CN 200710005735 CN200710005735 CN 200710005735 CN 200710005735 A CN200710005735 A CN 200710005735A CN 101021898 A CN101021898 A CN 101021898A
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Abstract
The invention provides infrared (Ir) face identification equipment, a portable terminal comprising the equipment, and safety equipment. The Ir face identification equipment comprises an illuminant for radiating Ir light with the wavelength more than or equal to 760nm to a face; a shooting unit for detecting the reflected light of the Ir light to output Ir images; and an identification unit used for identifying the face by using the Ir images. The Ir face identification equipment comprises a display for displaying the Ir images output from the shooting unit. In addition, the shooting unit and the display are arranged on the same surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of face authenticating technology, it uses from the infrared image that light obtained that is radiated facial infrared (Ir) light reflection and carries out face authenticating.
Background technology
The method that the people is authenticated is divided three classes substantially.In first authentication method, use the belongings of key for example or identification (ID) card.Yet, in first authentication method, because belongings may lose or be stolen, so security is on the hazard.In second authentication method, for example use the specific information of password etc. to carry out authentication.Yet, because the user forgets easily or the third party illegally obtains this specific information, so safety issue may occur.
Recently comparing in the 3rd authentication method of attracts attention, using biological information (for example fingerprint, palm, iris, vein, voice, face etc.) to carry out biological characteristic authentication.In biological characteristic authentication is handled, can better be suppressed at described in first or second authentication method owing to lose the safety issue that causes.And other people can not be certified.Therefore, can improve security, and use the Verification System of biological characteristic to be expected to become more general.
The biological characteristic authentication of use fingerprint or palm mainly uses the end of finger or hand, so skin surface can be thinner than normal position.Here, discrimination reduces usually greatly.At present, the discrimination of the biological characteristic authentication of use speech recognition is also lower.Use the biological characteristic authentication of iris or vein to have, but need people's eyes or hand to come near authenticating device than the high discrimination of biological characteristic authentication that uses fingerprint or palm.In addition, owing to use the biological specificity confirming equipment of iris or vein to have large-size, so biometric authentication equipment is installed in the fixed equipment of large-size the ATM (Automatic Teller Machine) in the bank (ATM) for example, and can not being installed in the mancarried device.In the biological characteristic authentication that uses face recognition, in order to reduce other people permission rate, increase the authentication threshold value, to improve precision.Therefore, raising is to people's reject rate.In addition, use the face authenticating apparatus of visible light mug shot and actual persons face can not be distinguished.Therefore, Jap.P. is openly applied for openly a kind of like this authentication of No.2005-242677, is about to use the biological characteristic authentication of face recognition and the biological characteristic authentication that uses iris to make up, to improve authentication precision.
When the biological characteristic authentication that uses face recognition makes up with the biological characteristic authentication that uses iris, increased the size of biological specificity confirming equipment.Therefore, when in portable terminal (for example portable phone or PDA(Personal Digital Assistant)) this biological specificity confirming equipment being installed, limited space becomes a problem.In addition, use visible images to carry out the biological characteristic authentication that is used to use face recognition, so authentication precision is low.
In addition, when using visible images to carry out face authenticating when permitting that a people enters into buildings, by day and have very big-difference between the lighting condition at night.Therefore, although at night to facial radiation incandescent lamp to carry out face authenticating, still reduce authentication precision.In addition, if face authenticating apparatus is installed in automobile, then by day and have very big-difference between the lighting condition at night to prevent the stolen of automobile.Therefore, authentication precision is low.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of infrared face authenticating apparatus, it uses infrared image to improve the face authenticating rate.
The present invention also provides a kind of portable terminal or safety equipment, and it comprises infrared face authenticating apparatus.
Infrared (Ir) face authenticating apparatus of first scheme comprises according to the present invention: light source, to the Ir of facial radiation 760nm or above wavelength light; Take the unit, detect described Ir reflection of light light, with output Ir image; And authenticator, use described Ir image to carry out face authenticating.
According to this configuration, can carry out face authenticating under various conditions, for example under incandescent lamp, sunshine or very dark lighting condition.Use the biological characteristic authentication of iris not need to combine, and can use high precision, mini-plant to realize face authenticating with the biological characteristic authentication that uses face recognition.
In infrared (Ir) of the alternative plan according to the present invention face authenticating apparatus, described authenticator is determined the position of the profile and the eyes of entire face according to described Ir image, to carry out face authenticating.
By this configuration, because the Ir face authenticating apparatus uses Ir light to penetrate eyes, to determine the position of eyes, so the possibility of wrong identification face reduces.Even use the Ir image to authenticate the people's who has on glasses face, this authentication also can be subjected to the influence of eyeglass hardly.
In infrared (Ir) of third party's case according to the present invention face authenticating apparatus, described authenticator is determined the profile of entire face, the position of eyes, the position in nostril and the position of mouth according to described Ir image, to carry out face authenticating.
By this configuration, Ir light can penetrate skin, with the acquisition image, and can determine the position of eyes, the position in nostril and the position of mouth on this image.If a people makes up, with the similar original people that disguises oneself as, then because use the Ir light that penetrates skin to obtain this image, so this people is identified as original people's possibility reduction.
In infrared (Ir) of cubic case face authenticating apparatus according to the present invention, described light source is a diode or a plurality of diode, and the summation of the density of radiation of the density of radiation of a described diode or described a plurality of diodes be 0.3 milliwatt/sterad (mW/sr) or more than.
Must use a certain amount of power with the Ir optical radiation to face.When the Ir light time a little less than facial radiation too, the face recognition rate reduces.In addition, if face is in preset distance, then the face recognition rate reduces.For example, if the Ir face authenticating apparatus is installed in mobile phone, then the user can hold mobile phone and is adjusted in face and light source or takes distance between the unit.In addition, if use the light receiving element have than hypersensitivity, then can use the diode of the light of the density of radiation that is used to send about 0.3m W/sr to carry out face authenticating.
In infrared (Ir) of the 5th scheme face authenticating apparatus according to the present invention, described light source is a plurality of diodes, and the Ir light wavelength of a diode radiation from described a plurality of diodes is different from the Ir light wavelength of another diode radiation from described a plurality of diodes.
The Ir light wavelength that is suitable for the Ir face authenticating is 760nm basically.Yet, be not subjected to that the Ir light of sunshine disturbs wavelength coverage can preferably be suitable for the Ir face authenticating.This wavelength coverage can be a plurality of wavelength coverages.Therefore, a plurality of diodes that are used for to the light of facial radiation different wave length can be installed.
In infrared (Ir) of the 6th scheme according to the present invention face authenticating apparatus, described shooting unit is a photo-electric conversion element, and it comprises: the visible light receiving element, and it comprises visible light filter, is used to receive visible light; The Ir light receiving element, it comprises the Ir optical filter, is used to receive the Ir light of 760nm or above wavelength; With the element switch unit, between described visible light receiving element and described Ir light receiving element, carry out TURP and change.
According to this configuration, do not need to install respectively visible light and Ir light camera, and can effectively use for example mini-plant of mobile phone.In addition, change owing between visible light and Ir light receiving element, carry out TURP, so the Ir face authenticating apparatus has the response time faster, and less interruption.
In infrared (Ir) of the 7th scheme face authenticating apparatus according to the present invention, described shooting unit is a photo-electric conversion element, it comprises the switch unit that is used for mechanical type switching visible light filter and Ir optical filter, described visible light filter covers the whole surface of described photo-electric conversion element, has the light of visible wavelength with transmission; Described Ir optical filter covers the whole surface of described photo-electric conversion element, with the Ir light of transmission greater than the 760nm wavelength.
According to this configuration, do not need to install respectively visible light and Ir light camera, and can effectively use the finite space of mobile phone.In addition, switch owing between visible light and Ir light receiving element, carry out mechanical type, so the size of visible light and Ir light receiving element can increase.
In infrared (Ir) face authenticating apparatus of all directions case according to the present invention, the Ir face authenticating apparatus also comprises: display shows that wherein said shooting unit and described display are installed on the same surface from the Ir image of described shooting unit output.
The user can check the size and the position of the user's face that shows on display, with identification user face.Therefore, if the Ir face authenticating apparatus is installed in mini-plant (for example mobile phone), then the user can be left and/or the right side move up and down arm, perhaps stretch or bend arms, to improve discrimination.In addition, if fixedly in the safety equipment Ir face authenticating apparatus is being installed, then the user can check the size and the position of the user's face that shows on display, with adjusting sitting posture or standing place, thereby improves discrimination.
In infrared (Ir) of the 9th scheme according to the present invention face authenticating apparatus, described Ir optical filter is the Ir optical filter that is used for the light of transmission 760nm or above wavelength.
Therefore, when taking the Ir image, can stop visible light.Therefore, take unit exportable clearly Ir image, and be not subjected to the influence of visible light.
In infrared (Ir) of the tenth scheme face authenticating apparatus according to the present invention, the present invention according to the 9th scheme of the present invention, described Ir optical filter is the Ir optical filter of the light of transmission peak wavelength in a scope, and the Ir radiant quantity of sunshine reduces suddenly on earth surface in described scope.
If the Ir light of Ir filter transmission 760nm or above wavelength is gone up the Ir light of the wavelength coverage that the Ir radiant quantity of sunshine reduces suddenly especially at the earth's surface, reduced by the interference of the Ir light of sunshine.Especially, because Ir light is also stronger when the mid-term in summer, sunshine was strong, so use the face recognition authentication rate of Ir light to reduce.Under the situation of the wavelength coverage that the Ir of sunshine light radiation reduces suddenly, can keep higher authentication rate.
In infrared (Ir) of the 11 scheme according to the present invention face authenticating apparatus, described light source has the wavelength in a scope, and the Ir radiant quantity of sunshine reduces suddenly on earth surface in described scope.
If the Ir light of Ir filter transmission 760nm or above wavelength is gone up the Ir light of the wavelength coverage that the Ir radiant quantity of sunshine reduces suddenly especially at the earth's surface, reduced by the interference of the Ir light of sunshine.If, reduced by the interference of the Ir light of sunshine from the wavelength of radiation of light source in should the zone.
Portable terminal according to the 12 scheme of the present invention comprises the Ir face authenticating apparatus, and wherein when described portable terminal was brought into use or begin to carry out the currency operation, described authenticator brought into operation.
Because portable terminal comprises important information (for example personal information), perhaps have the function of currency operation, and the user is through face authenticating, just addressable then portable terminal.Therefore, can avoid leaking important information, perhaps can avoid occurring undelegated drawing.
Safety equipment according to being installed in of the 13 scheme of the present invention in the removable or fixed terminal comprise that according to arbitrary described Ir face authenticating apparatus in the first to the 11 scheme of the present invention wherein said authenticator is carried out face authenticating for the described people removable or fixed terminal of visit.
Safety equipment can use Ir light to authenticate people's face, therefore guarantee security.
Description of drawings
By the detailed description of reference accompanying drawing to exemplary embodiment of the present, above-mentioned and other characteristics of the present invention and advantage will become clearer, in the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1A is the synoptic diagram that comprises the Foldable mobile phone 10 of infrared (Ir) light emitting diode (LED) 60;
Figure 1B is the rear view that comprises the rotation type mobile phone 20 of Ir LED 60;
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of Ir face authenticating apparatus 100;
Fig. 3 A is the diagrammatic sketch that camera 110-A is shown, and wherein said camera 110-A comprises visible camera light receiving element 120 and Ir light camera light receiving element 122;
Fig. 3 B is the diagrammatic sketch that camera 110-B is shown, and wherein said camera 110-B comprises filtering switching camera light receiving element 123;
Fig. 4 A is the diagrammatic sketch that camera 110-C is shown, and wherein said camera 110-C comprises camera light receiving element 124, and it has the wave filter of installing in light receiving element;
Fig. 4 B is the enlarged drawing of light receiving element of the charge-coupled device (CCD) 117 of camera light receiving element 124;
Fig. 5 is illustrated in the curve map that concerns between interline transfer type (IT) CCD and interframe transfevent (FT) CCD medium wavelength and the spectral response;
Fig. 6 illustrates to use the view of mobile phone to facial radiation Ir light;
Fig. 7 is the table that the data that obtained by test are shown, and wherein said test is to carry out according to the quantity of the Ir LED 60 that disposes in IT CCD;
Fig. 8 is the table that the data that obtained by test are shown, and wherein said test is to carry out according to the quantity of the Ir LED 60 that disposes in FT CCD;
Fig. 9 be illustrate have sunshine spectrum at the radiation dose OE in the atmosphere external world and the curve map of the radiation dose EE on the earth surface;
Figure 10 is the curve map that is illustrated in the relation between first example of wavelength amputation (cut) of the wavelength of Ir LED 60 and Ir wave filter 127;
Figure 11 A is the curve map of second example that the wavelength amputation of Ir wave filter 127 is shown;
Figure 11 B is the curve map of the 3rd example that the wavelength amputation of Ir wave filter 127 is shown;
Figure 12 carries out the process flow diagram that face authenticating is handled when bringing into use mobile phone; With
Figure 13 carries out the process flow diagram that face authenticating is handled when the currency of payment.
Embodiment
To describe the preferred embodiment of infrared (Ir) authenticating device, it is used for radiation Ir light, and forms the Ir image according to Ir reflection of light light, to carry out face recognition.
The structure of＜portable terminal 〉
Figure 1A is the synoptic diagram of Foldable mobile phone 10.When Foldable mobile phone 10 is opened, in first casing 11, dispose monitor 30, in second casing 12, dispose load button.With first casing 11 in the similar face of monitor on dispose camera 110 and be used to launch four Ir light emitting diodes (LED) 60 of Ir ray.Camera 110 and Ir LED 60 are subsequently with the element of the Ir face authenticating apparatus 100 described.Camera 110 can be taken infrared light image at least.If press predetermined load button 40, perhaps open Foldable mobile phone 10, then Ir LED 60 and camera 110 bring into operation.
Figure 1B is the rear view with rotation type mobile phone 20 of spinfunction.On the front surface of first casing 21, dispose large-sized monitor (not shown), on the rear surface of first casing 21, dispose undersized monitor 30.On the rear surface of second casing 22, dispose load button 40 (not shown) of rotation type mobile phone 20.Dispose thereon on the rear surface of first casing 21 of small size monitor 30, disposed camera 110 and be used to launch ultrared two Ir LED 60.If press in the load button 40, perhaps rotation type mobile phone 20 is rotated, then Ir LED60 and camera 110 bring into operation.
At Foldable mobile phone 10 shown in Figure 1A and the 1B and rotation type mobile phone 20 example as portable terminal.Yet portable terminal of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned example, can also be board-type or slide cover type mobile phone, perhaps PDA(Personal Digital Assistant).In addition, portable terminal of the present invention can be the portable notebook computer with USB (universal serial bus) (USB) camera.Portable terminal of the present invention can be such equipment, and promptly the user can hand this equipment to change the distance between camera 110 and the face.
The structure of＜Ir face authenticating apparatus 〉
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of Ir face authenticating apparatus 100.Ir face authenticating apparatus 100 comprises: Ir LED60, camera 110, face authenticating device 130 and monitor 30.Ir LED 60 emission Ir light.Camera 110 is taken the Ir light image at least.Face authenticating device 130 uses the Ir light image of being taken by camera 110 to authenticate face.Monitor 30 shows the Ir light image.In the present embodiment, the camera 110 of Foldable mobile phone 10 and rotation type mobile phone 20 not only can be taken the Ir light image, can also take visible images.If camera 110 is taken visible images, then visible images is sent to visible images processor 140.With reference to Fig. 3 or Fig. 4 camera 110 is described subsequently.The visible images that is sent to visible images processor 140 is sent to monitor 30, to show this visible images.Monitor 30 not only can show the Ir light image, also can show visible images, perhaps can use additional monitors.
Face authenticating device 130 comprises: image processor 131, face-image file 135, face authenticating arithmetical unit 133 and image controller 137.Image processor 131 is handled the Ir light image.Face-image file 135 storage people's face image data.Face authenticating arithmetical unit 133 extracts face contour or feature, and the face image data of storage in face contour or feature and the face-image file 135 is compared, to authenticate face.The operation of image controller 137 control image processor 131, face-image file 135 and face authenticating arithmetical unit 133.Image controller 137 is connected to from the I/F unit 160 of the load button 40 of Fig. 1 or switch reception command signal.Image controller 137 also is connected to Ir LED 60 and camera 110, to control Ir LED 60 and camera 110 according to the command signal that receives by I/F unit 160.
The operation of＜Ir face authenticating apparatus 〉
The operation of Ir face authenticating apparatus 100 is described now with reference to Fig. 2.When I/F unit 160 when load button 40 or switch receive command signal, command signal is sent to image controller 137.Then, image controller 137 drives Ir LED 60 and camera 110.Ir LED 60 can be during face authenticating opens continuously, perhaps according to the shooting time opening of camera 110/close.Image controller 137 can show the frame 32 that is used to represent facial position and size by image processor 131 to monitor 30.
To people's the facial radiation Ir light from Ir LED 60 emissions, the light from people's face reflection incides camera 110 then.Camera 110 converts reflected light to electric signal, and sends described electric signal to image processor 131.Image processor 131 is handled the Ir light image, with display image on monitor 30, and sends Ir light image signal to monitor 30.Monitor 30 not only shows the frame 32 that is used to represent facial position and size, also shows the Ir light image.The user left and/or the right side move up and down arm, perhaps stretch or bend arms, to regulate the position of Foldable mobile phone 10 or rotation type mobile phone 20, to avoid face to depart from the frame 32 of monitor 30, the face of avoiding showing causes departing from the frame 32 of monitor 30 too greatly, perhaps avoids the face that shows too little.
The Ir light image of the face that shows on monitor 30 is monochromatic, promptly approaches black image.Yet by the Ir optical radiation of face, camera 110 is taken the image that reaches the facial a few mm degree of depth of skin surface of distance, and is not the image of taking facial skin surface.For example, do not take freckle or scar on the facial skin surface.In addition, in the Ir light image, do not take the thicker cosmetics of smearing on the face.Therefore, pretend he oneself although people attempts that making applies some make up, to look like other people, this people can not authenticate and be other people.In addition, even a people has on glasses, then glasses also influence this people's authentication hardly.Therefore, promptly use new glasses to replace original glasses, then also can obtain high recognition by face recognition.In addition, promptly use camera 110 to take to have the mug shot with the facial same size of user, then this mug shot is also to reflect Ir light than high reflectance.In other words, be similar under visible light by taking the image that blank page obtained by taking the Ir light image that mug shot obtained.Therefore, mug shot is not authenticated to be user's face.If obtained the position of eyes, nostril and mouth and the relation between these positions, then carried out face authenticating with higher discrimination.
Because do not use visible light, so can therefore can not obtain higher authentication rate because of interference influences face authenticating.For example, if use visible light to carry out face authenticating, then because the flicker of incandescent lamp can influence face authenticating.In addition, as long as during face authenticating, do not carry out strobo photography or, then below nose next door or nose, can form shade by the light fixture that is installed in the roof lamp from the illumination condition of front portion.Therefore, use the face authenticating of visible light to have low discrimination.In the present invention, because therefore radiation Ir light the problems referred to above can not occur.
＜camera structure 〉
Fig. 3 A to 4B illustrates the basic structure of camera 110.Identical label is represented components identical.Fig. 3 A illustrates camera 110-A, and it comprises visible camera light receiving element 120 and Ir light camera light receiving element 122.As seen camera light receiving element 120 comprises: visible light filter 125, camera lens 129 and photo-electric conversion element (for example regional charge-coupled device (CCD)) 121.Visible light filter 125 is visible light transmissive only, and stops wavelength to be about the light of 760nm or bigger wavelength.Camera lens 129 is assembled for the visible light that passes visible light filter 125.The visible light that zone C CD 121 assembles camera lens 129 converts electric signal to.Ir light camera light receiving element 122 comprises: Ir wave filter 127, camera lens 129 and zone C CD 121.Ir wave filter 127 only transmission has the light that wavelength is about 760nm or bigger wavelength.Camera lens 129 is assembled for the Ir light that passes Ir wave filter 127.The Ir light that zone C CD 121 assembles camera lens 129 converts electric signal to.Visible light filter 125 and Ir wave filter 127 are configured between user's face and the camera lens 129 between the formed light path, and be also configurable between camera lens 129 and the zone C CD 121 between the formed light path.If do not need to take landscape etc., then camera can only comprise Ir camera light receiving element 122.
Camera 110-A also comprises: analog to digital converter (ADC) 15 and machine controller 116 mutually.ADC 115 will become digital signal from the electrical signal conversion of zone C CD 121 outputs.The overall operation of phase machine controller 116 control camera 110-A.Phase machine controller 116 drives the zone C CD 121 of visible camera light receiving element 120 and Ir camera light receiving element 122 respectively according to the command signal from image controller 137 outputs, and ADC 115 becomes digital signal with analog signal conversion.Because this operation is from the digital signal of camera 110-A output corresponding to Ir light image or visible images.Under the situation of Foldable mobile phone 10, when carrying out face authenticating as shown in Figure 1, can be at direction configuration Ir camera light receiving element 122 towards monitor 30.If user expectation is taken scenery or another people, then can on the rear surface of the monitor 30 in first casing 11, dispose visible camera light receiving element 120.In other words, increase the size and the thickness of first casing 11.Yet,, comprise that the camera 110-A of visible camera light receiving element 120 and Ir camera light receiving element 122 is more effective if consider the convenience of face authenticating and the convenience of normal photographing simultaneously.
Fig. 3 B illustrates camera 110-B, and it comprises filtering switching camera light receiving element 123.Only describe the element of the camera 110-B different, and ignore the description of the element of the camera 110-B identical with the element of camera 110-A with the element of camera 110-A.Filtering is switched camera light receiving element 123 and is comprised: zone C CD 121 and camera lens 129.Filtering is switched camera light receiving element 123 and is also comprised: visible light filter 125, machine tool, CD-ROM drive motor 114 and signal transducer 113.Machine tool switches in the visible light filter 125 and the Ir optical filter 127 of camera lens 129 front portions.CD-ROM drive motor 114 drives this machine tool.Signal transducer 113 is identified in camera lens 129 anterior which wave filter of configuration.Phase machine controller 116 receives command signals from image controller 137, to determine that in Ir light image and the visible images which to be exported be.If what the indication of described command signal was to be exported is visible images, then to receive what be illustrated in camera lens 129 anterior configurations from signal transducer 113 be the signal of which wave filter to phase machine controller 116.If the anterior configuration of camera lens 129 be Ir optical filter 127, then phase machine controller 116 drives described CD-ROM drive motor 114, so that visible light filter 125 is moved to the front portion of camera lens 129, and Ir optical filter 127 is withdrawed from from light path.If described command signal indication is a visible light filter 125 camera lens 129 anterior configurations, then phase machine controller 129 is carried out next processing.By these this processing, the available visible light filter 125 in the whole surface of zone C CD121 covers, and can be from zone C CD 121 output visible lights.Can use single zone C CD 121 and single camera lens 129 to obtain visible images and Ir light image.Therefore, can reduce size and the manufacturing cost thereof of camera 110-B.Owing to only use a zone C CD 121, so can use high performance CCD with a large amount of pixels.
Fig. 4 A illustrates camera 110-C, and described camera 110-C comprises camera light receiving element 124, and it has the wave filter of installing in light receiving element.Glass plate 128 is installed on the camera light receiving element 124 of Fig. 4 A, with the prevention dust, thus the light wavelength of transmissive broad.Visible light filter 125 and Ir optical filter 127 are installed in the front portion of the light receiving element that switches CCD 117.Fig. 4 B is the enlarged drawing that switches the light receiving element of CCD117.Shown in Fig. 4 B, visible light filter 125 comprises: the B wave filter of the R wave filter of transmit red light, the G wave filter of transmit green and transmit blue.Switch CCD 117 and comprise for example four lines: first luminous ray 118, alternately arrange R and G wave filter thereon; Ir light 119 is arranged the Ir wave filter 127 that is used for transmission Ir light thereon; Second luminous ray 118 is alternately arranged G and B wave filter therein; With Ir light 119, arrange Ir wave filter 127 thereon.In the zone of switching CCD 117, repeat the arrangement of these four lines successively.
Receive command signals at the phase machine controller 116 shown in Fig. 4 A from image controller 137, this command signal represents that in Ir light image and the visible images which to be exported be.If it is visible images that described command signal is represented to be exported, then phase machine controller 116 is only controlled luminous ray 118 and is come output image signal.Visible images is input to ADC 115, and therefore converts digital signal to by ADC 115.If it is the Ir light image that described command signal is represented to be exported, then phase machine controller 116 control Ir light 119 come output image signal.Camera 110-C can be changed by TURP, therefore has the response time faster, and less interruption.
At camera 110-A, 110-B and 110-C shown in Fig. 3 A to Fig. 4 B.Yet the solid-state filming apparatus that uses in camera 110-A, 110-B and 110-C is not limited to CCD, also can be complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) (CMOS).Use R, G and B wave filter in the visible light filter 125 in Fig. 4 B.Yet visible light filter 125 can comprise magenta (Mg), cyan (Cy), yellow (Ye) and green (G) wave filter.
Fig. 5 is the curve map that zone C CD 121 is shown or switches the spectral response of CCD 117.Here, transverse axis is represented wavelength (nm), and the longitudinal axis is represented spectral response (A/W).
In many products, has camera function as the mobile phone 10 of portable terminal example.The CCD of mobile phone 10 is interline transfer type (inter-transfer type) CCD, hereinafter referred to as IT-CCD.Described IT-CCD comprises: photodiode, vertical transmission CCD and horizontal transmission CCD.In pixel region, photodiode converts light to electron charge.Vertical transmission CCD and horizontal transmission CCD are transmitted to amplifier with electron charge.Therefore, reduced the light receiving area of IT-CCD.For example, IT-CCD for example has the feature of distribution IT-C as shown in Figure 5.In the visible-range of 380nm to 760nm, spectral response increases a little, but in about 720nm or above visible light and Ir optical range, spectral response is 0.1 A/W or lower.
Also there is a kind of interframe transfevent CCD, hereinafter referred to as FT-CCD.For interframe transfevent CCD (FT-CCD), FT-CCD can be divided into the aggregation zone that is used to produce the image-region of electric charge and is used to assemble electric charge.Image-region and aggregation zone all can be propagated electric charge, therefore can be used as vertical transmission CCD.But image-region and aggregation zone usage level propagate CCD with charge propagation to amplifier.In FT-CCD, image-region can be bigger, so the dynamic area is bigger.In addition, if the Ir wave filter is installed, then spectral response is higher.For example, FT-CCD for example has the feature of distribution FT-C as shown in Figure 5.In 760nm or above Ir optical range, spectral response is higher, but in about 900nm or following Ir optical range, spectral response only is 0.25 A/W or lower.For example, around the Ir optical range between 880nm and the 1020nm, the difference of spectral response is about 10 times.
The structure of＜Ir LED 〉
Now with reference to Fig. 6 to Fig. 8 Ir LED 60 is described.
The user need take face by holding as the mobile phone 10 or 20 of portable terminal, to authenticate face.Therefore, in the present embodiment, in the distance between Ir LED 60 or camera 110 and the face is in scope between 20cm (under the arm bending state) and the 80cm (under the whole straight configurations of arm).The facial best shooting distance of authentication is in the scope between 30cm and 50cm.When arm bending, can be in the scope between 10cm and the 15cm in the distance between camera 110 and the face, in this case, the camera lens 129 of camera 110 must have very big angle.Yet,, can not authenticate to such an extent as to face may seem too little if when using camera lens 129 with wide-angle very and the distance between camera 110 and face for about 40cm.But the application target appropriate change according to portable terminal is used to authenticate facial best shooting distance.For example, if portable terminal is the notebook computer that is equipped with Ir face authenticating apparatus 100, then can be in the scope between 50cm and the 60cm in the distance between camera 110 and the face.If at the door installation safety equipment in the inlet of buildings or room face with the authentication people, then in the scope of the distance between camera 110 and the face between 60cm and 150cm, with do not need facial near the situation of camera 110 under authentication facial.If installation safety equipment and user hold automobile steering wheel in automobile, then can be in the scope between 40cm and the 70cm in the distance between camera 110 and the face.
Fig. 6 illustrates to use mobile phone 10 or 20 views to facial radiation Ir light.With reference to Fig. 6, tabula rasa 150 is installed in mobile phone 10 or 20, it comprises Ir LED 60 and camera 110.IrLED 60 and camera 110 are become one, to reduce production costs and size.Monitor 30 is configured on the surface identical with Ir LED 60 and camera 110, so Ir LED 60, camera 110 and monitor 30 can become one.As shown in Figure 6, two Ir LED 60 (in this case, camera 110 places between two Ir LED 60) are installed on tabula rasa 150, but also can use LED 60 more than two.In the scope of the distance between the Ir LED 60 between about 15mm and 40mm.Usually produce Ir LED 60 and LED, to have directivity preferably.At this moment, the Ir LED 60 of use has the visual angle V between about 30 ° and 40 °.In the position of approaching Ir LED 60 scatter plate can be installed, visual angle V is adjusted to about 80 °.Yet in this case, Ir light is inductile too far away.
Fig. 7 illustrates table 1, and it illustrates the tentation data that number obtained for the Ir LED 60 of configuration in mobile phone 10 or 20.In the test of Fig. 7, use the IT-CCD of the feature of the distribution IT-C with Fig. 5.Every 5cm, and measure distance between Ir LED60 and the face respectively every 10cm in the scope between 20cm and 60cm in the scope between scope between 10cm and 20cm and 60cm and the 80cm.In addition, equal to measure under the situation that 50mA and magnitude of voltage equal 5V the variation of the density of radiation of the density of radiation of the density of radiation (mW/sr) of an Ir LED 60, two Ir LED 60 and four Ir LED 60 for current value.In the formed cell of density of radiation by combined distance and Ir LED 60, the possible situation of " zero " expression face authenticating has 9 times in 10 test results, " △ " expression face authenticating possible situation has in 10 test results 6 to 8 times, and the possible situation of " * " expression face authenticating has 5 times in 10 test results or still less.In addition, emission Ir light in the wavelength coverage of Ir LED 60 between 760nm and 1200nm.The Ir LED that is used to launch the light with different wavelength range starts selling.Especially, have in emission under the situation of Ir LED of light of wavelength coverage between 800nm and the 1020nm, the face authenticating rate is higher.
According to the result of Fig. 7, if the distance between Ir LED 60 and face is less, the Ir LED 60 that then has than intense radiation density impinges upon on the facial surface unevenly.Therefore, discrimination reduces.In addition, if the distance between Ir LED 60 and face is bigger, the Ir LED60 that then has a more weak density of radiation equably radiation on facial surface.Yet the Ir light that sends from Ir LED 60 can not fully arrive facial surface.
If the distance between face and Ir LED 60 is about 30cm and use mobile phone 10 or 20 to authenticate face, then only can use an Ir LED 60 of density of radiation with 3mW/sr.If use a plurality of Ir LED 60, then power consumption increases.For the mobile phone of the less power consumption of trying one's best, the Ir LED 60 of the density of radiation with 3mW/sr can be installed on tabula rasa 150.For the distance of the optics face authenticating between 30cm and 50cm authenticates face, each has about four Ir LED 60 of the density of radiation of 7mW/sr can to dispose it on tabula rasa 150.
Fig. 8 illustrates table 2, and it illustrates the tentation data that number obtained for the Ir LED 60 of configuration in mobile phone 10.In the test of Fig. 8, use the FT-CCD of the feature of the distribution FT-C with Fig. 5.Every 5cm, and measure distance between Ir LED60 and the face respectively every 10cm in the scope between 20cm and 60cm in the scope between scope between 10cm and 20cm and 60cm and the 80cm.Equal to obtain under the situation that 10mA and magnitude of voltage equal 5V the density of radiation of the Ir LED 60 shown in Fig. 8 for current value.In Fig. 8, " zero ", " △ ", " * " have in identical meanings illustrated in fig. 7.
Different with the table of Fig. 7, in the scope of density of radiation between 1/5 and 1/10 of Ir LED 60.Yet the spectral response of FT-CCD of light that emission has the wavelength between 800nm and the 1020nm is high approximately 10 times.Therefore, even under the situation of more weak density of radiation, also can carry out face authenticating.In Fig. 8, if the distance between Ir LED 60 and face is less, the Ir LED60 that then has than intense radiation density impinges upon on the facial surface unevenly.Therefore, discrimination reduces.If the distance between Ir LED 60 and face is bigger, the Ir LED 60 that then has a more weak density of radiation equably radiation on facial surface.But can not fully arrive facial surface from the Ir light that Ir LED 60 sends.
If a plurality of Ir LED 60 are installed in mobile phone 10, then Ir LED 60 need not launch the light with identical wavelength.As discussing subsequently, can use a plurality of Ir LED that are applicable to the emission different wavelengths of light of face authenticating.
＜Ir wave filter 〉
Fig. 9 is the curve map that sunlight wavelength spectrum is shown.Transverse axis is represented wavelength, and the longitudinal axis is represented radiation dose.The crest that occurs the radiation dose OE in the atmosphere external world in the visible region, radiation dose OE are reduced to the Ir light of the wavelength of 3000nm.
Around the visible-range between 680nm and the 760nm, the radiation dose EE that goes up at the earth's surface has fall area a1 (wherein, radiation dose reduces suddenly).In addition, around the Ir optical range between 860nm and the 980nm, radiation dose has fall area a2; Around the Ir optical range between 1150nm and the 1350nm, has fall area a3; Around the Ir optical range between 1580nm and the 1750nm, has fall area a4.The fall area a1 of radiation dose EE in visible-range is considered to the phenomenon that produces to the oxygen of atmosphere owing to the visible absorption of wavelength between 680nm and the 760nm.Fall area a2, the a3 of radiation dose EE in the Ir optical range and a4 are considered to the phenomenon that produces to the steam of atmosphere owing to the Ir light absorption that will have respective wavelength.
Figure 10 is illustrated in as the wavelength of an Ir LED 60-1 of first example of Ir LED 60 and the curve map that concerns between the wavelength amputation as an Ir wave filter 127-1 of first example of Ir wave filter 127.
As mentioned above, in the present invention, the Ir light that sends from Ir LED 60 to facial radiation.Especially, in summer, the sun sends a large amount of radiation, therefore sends a large amount of Ir optical radiation.Therefore, the Ir light that is sent by Ir LED60 can be subjected to the interference of the Ir light component of sunshine, and the face authenticating rate may reduce when therefore carrying out authentication out of doors in summer.Thereby, the wavelength of Ir LED 60 and Ir wave filter 127 can be set, increase the face authenticating rate when in summer, carrying out authentication out of doors.
As shown in figure 10, amplified the fall area a2 of the radiation dose of Fig. 9.In the wavelength coverage of 860nm and 980nm, the radiation dose of the Ir light of going up at the earth's surface is less.Therefore, the crest of an Ir LED60 appears in the wavelength coverage between 860nm and the 980nm.As a result, the Ir light that is sent by Ir LED 60 seldom can be subjected to the interference of the Ir light component of sunshine.In addition, an Ir wave filter 127-1 is set, has the light of wavelength between 830nm and the 1040nm with transmission.Stop 830nm or following wavelength coverage FC-1 and 1040nm or above wavelength coverage FC-1 by an Ir wave filter 127-1.Because an Ir wave filter 127-1 can reduce the interference of the Ir light component of sunshine.Therefore, if an Ir LED 60-1 and an Ir wave filter 127-1 are arranged in the above-mentioned wavelength coverage,, can not reduce the face authenticating rate even then in summer, carry out when authenticating out of doors yet.
Figure 11 A is illustrated in as the wavelength of the 2nd Ir LED 60-2 of second example of Ir LED 60 and the curve map that concerns between the wavelength amputation as the 2nd Ir wave filter 127-2 of second example of Ir wave filter 127.Figure 11 B is illustrated in as the wavelength of the 3rd Ir LED 60-3 of the 3rd example of Ir LED 60 and the curve map that concerns between the wavelength amputation as the 3rd Ir wave filter 127-3 of the 3rd example of Ir wave filter 127.
With reference to Figure 11 A, the 2nd about 780nm of Ir wave filter 127-2 amputation or following wavelength coverage FC-2.In other words, the 2nd all visible lights of Ir wave filter 127-2 amputation.The 2nd Ir wave filter 127-2 comprises: mainly send wavelength between 880nm and the 980nm Ir light Ir LED 60-21 and mainly send the Ir LED 60-22 of the Ir light of wavelength between 1150nm and the 1350nm.Therefore, owing to go up a large amount of radiation of the 2nd Ir LED 60-2 among the decline scope a2 of radiation dose EE and the a3 at the earth's surface, so the 2nd Ir wave filter 127-2 of about 780nm of amputation or following wavelength coverage FC-2 does not disturb the sunshine in summer.
With reference to Figure 11 B, the 3rd Ir LED 60-31 uses the Ir LED 60 of the light that mainly sends wavelength between 900nm and the 1300nm.In other words, the 3rd Ir LED 60-31 radiation Ir light in a big way.The 3rd Ir wave filter 127-3 will be between 940nm and 1000nm the wavelength coverage FC-3 amputation the wavelength between wavelength and 1150nm and the 1320nm.Therefore, owing to go up a large amount of radiation of the 3rd Ir LED 60-31 among regional a2 of the decline of radiation dose EE and the a3 at the earth's surface, the 3rd Ir LED 60-3 of radiation Ir light does not disturb the sunshine in summer in a big way.
The 3rd Ir LED 60-32 use radiation-curable at 700nm visible-range and the Ir LED 60 of the Ir light of the broad wavelength between the Ir optical range of 1500nm.In other words, the Ir light of the 3rd Ir LED 60-32 radiation relative broad range.Because a large amount of radiation of the 3rd Ir LED 60-32 among the decline scope a2 of the radiation dose EE that goes up at the earth's surface and the a3, so be not subjected to the interference of sunshine summer from the light of the Ir LED radiation that comprises the Ir optical range.
The decline scope a4 of the radiant quantity of Fig. 9 is not shown, however the wavelength by Ir LED 60 is set and the transmission peak wavelength of Ir wave filter 127, can obtain with descend scope a2 and a3 in identical effect.
＜face authenticating process flow diagram in portable terminal 〉
To be described in now as the face authenticating operation of carrying out in the mobile phone 10 of portable terminal example.Figure 12 is a process flow diagram of carrying out face authentication method according to the embodiment of the invention in mobile phone 10.The a large amount of personal information of mobile phone 10 storages are the polyelectron mail perhaps.Therefore, if face authenticating is unsuccessful, then can not use mobile phone 10.
With reference to Figure 12,, parameter N and the M that is used for face authenticating carried out initialization at operation S71.At operation S72, face authenticating begins.Here, when the user left and/or the right side move up and down arm, perhaps stretch or bend arms, regulating the distance between face and the mobile phone 10, thereby when increasing the face authenticating rate, monitor 30 can show the frame 32 that is used to represent facial positions and size.The frame of indication face size can have ellipse, rectangle or facial general outline.
In operation S73, check surface contouring and feature.In other words, face authenticating arithmetical unit 133 extracts face contour and feature in response to the image processing speed of as shown in Figure 2 image processor 131.If face is too big or too little for checking profile and feature, then processing procedure proceeds to operation S74 and S75, with repetitive operation S72 to S75, until parameter N less than threshold value S1 and can check out face contour and feature.If parameter N is less than threshold value S1, then at operation S76, face authenticating is not successfully carried out in monitor 30 demonstrations.
If in operation S73, check out face contour and feature, then in operation S77, determine that this face is whether consistent with the registered image of storage in the face-image file 135 of Fig. 2.Therefore for example, although in operation S73, check out face contour and feature, this face may be in obliquity, may be defined as this face and registered face is inconsistent.If should face and registered face inconsistent, then this method is operated S78 and S79.Whether in addition, this method is back to operation S73 and S77, consistent with registered image with feature and definite this face with the check surface contouring.If in operation S78, parameter M is less than threshold value S2, and then in operation S76, monitor 30 shows that this face can not be certified.If it is should face consistent with registered image, then licensed in operation S77 for the various controls of mobile phone 10.
Figure 13 is the process flow diagram that carries out the method for face authenticating when carrying out specific function (for example carrying out the currency operation) according to the embodiment of the invention.Mobile phone 10 has many functions, and also has the function of currency operation recently.Mobile phone 10 can use under the situation that does not need face authenticating.Yet, if successfully do not carry out face authenticating, not allowing to use specific function (for example currency operation) for specific function, wherein in this specific function, can determine because improper use will make infringement increase.
The method of Figure 13 almost method with Figure 12 is identical, and uses different operational labels to be illustrated in contents different with Figure 12 among Figure 13.In Figure 12, if face is not by authenticating, then in operation S76, monitor 30 shows can not authenticate face.Yet in Figure 13, if face shots is insufficient, promptly at operation S74, parameter N is not less than threshold value S1, and at operation S81, monitor 30 display messages " are please taken facial in frame ".If should face and registered face inconsistent, promptly at operation S78, parameter M is not less than threshold value S2, then at operation S82, monitor 30 display messages " facial inconsistent with registered image " are to notify the failure of user's face authenticating.
Mobile phone has mainly been described in the above embodiment of the present invention.Yet Ir face authenticating apparatus 100 of the present invention can be installed in other equipment that need safety.For example, if at the door in the inlet of buildings or automobile or room Ir face authenticating apparatus 100 is installed, then at night or very bright area can be carried out the face authenticating with degree of precision.And if Ir face authenticating apparatus 100 is installed in fixing safety equipment, then the user can check the size and the position of the user's face that shows on display, is provided with or the standing place to regulate, thereby improves discrimination.
The safety equipment (for example ATM or strong-room) of carrying out the currency operation need prevent the finance theft.The Ir face authenticating apparatus can be installed in safety equipment, prevent undelegated drawing to use mug shot etc.
In addition, need a kind ofly be used to prevent that unfamiliar people from entering or withdrawing from or the undesired device that duplicates or visit, with protection personal information or secret of the trade.Can be in the safety equipment of building entrance and outlet or other copy machine, personal computer in the Ir face authenticating apparatus is installed, to prevent undelegated visit.
As mentioned above, according to the present invention, can use the Ir light image to carry out face authenticating.Therefore, can increase the face recognition rate greatly.
Although illustrate and described the present invention especially with reference to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, but what it should be understood by one skilled in the art that is, do not breaking away under the situation of the spirit and scope of the present invention that limit by following claim, can carry out various changes to the present invention in form and details.
Claims (13)
1. infrared face authenticating apparatus comprises:
Light source is to the infrared light of facial radiation 760nm or above wavelength;
Take the unit, detect the reflected light of described infrared light, with the output infrared image; With
Authenticator uses described infrared image to carry out face authenticating.
2. infrared face authenticating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said authenticator is determined the position of the profile and the eyes of entire face according to described infrared image, to carry out face authenticating.
3. infrared face authenticating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said authenticator is determined the profile of entire face, the position of eyes, the position in nostril and the position of mouth according to described infrared image, to carry out face authenticating.
4. as the described infrared face authenticating apparatus of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 3, wherein said light source is a diode or a plurality of diode, and the summation of the density of radiation of the density of radiation of a described diode or described a plurality of diodes be 0.3 milliwatt/sterad or more than.
5. as the described infrared face authenticating apparatus of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 4, wherein said light source is a plurality of diodes, and the infrared light wavelength of a diode radiation from described a plurality of diodes is different from the infrared light wavelength of another diode radiation from described a plurality of diodes.
6. as the described infrared face authenticating apparatus of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 5, wherein said shooting unit is a photo-electric conversion element, and it comprises: the visible light receiving element, and it comprises visible light filter, is used to receive visible light; The infrared light receiving element, it comprises infrared light filter, is used to receive the infrared light of 760nm or above wavelength; With the element switch unit, between described visible light receiving element and described infrared light receiving element, carry out TURP and change.
7. as the described infrared face authenticating apparatus of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 5, wherein said shooting unit is a photo-electric conversion element, it comprises the switch unit that is used for mechanical type switching visible light filter and infrared light filter, described visible light filter covers the whole surface of described photo-electric conversion element, has the light of visible wavelength with transmission; Described infrared light filter covers the whole surface of described photo-electric conversion element, with the infrared light of transmission greater than the 760nm wavelength.
8. as the described infrared face authenticating apparatus of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 7, also comprise: display shows that wherein said shooting unit and described display are installed on the same surface from the infrared image of described shooting unit output.
9. as the described infrared face authenticating apparatus of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 8, wherein said infrared light filter is the infrared light filter that is used for the light of transmission 760nm or above wavelength.
10. infrared face authenticating apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein said infrared light filter are the infrared light filter of the light of transmission peak wavelength in a scope, and the amount of infrared radiation of sunshine reduces suddenly on earth surface in described scope.
11. as claim 1 or 5 described infrared face authenticating apparatus, wherein said light source has the wavelength in a scope, the amount of infrared radiation of sunshine reduces suddenly on earth surface in described scope.
12. a portable terminal comprises as the described infrared face authenticating apparatus of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 11, wherein when described portable terminal was brought into use or begin to carry out the currency operation, described authenticator brought into operation.
13. safety equipment that are installed in removable or the fixed terminal comprise:
As the described infrared face authenticating apparatus of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 11,
Wherein, described authenticator is carried out face authenticating for the described people removable or fixed terminal of visit.
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| JP2006035530 | 2006-02-13 | ||
| JP2006035530 | 2006-02-13 | ||
| JP2006354744 | 2006-12-28 | ||
| JP2007022526 | 2007-02-01 |
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