CN101020275A - Linear friction welding process between aluminium part and steel part - Google Patents
Linear friction welding process between aluminium part and steel part Download PDFInfo
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- CN101020275A CN101020275A CN 200710017510 CN200710017510A CN101020275A CN 101020275 A CN101020275 A CN 101020275A CN 200710017510 CN200710017510 CN 200710017510 CN 200710017510 A CN200710017510 A CN 200710017510A CN 101020275 A CN101020275 A CN 101020275A
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Abstract
The linear friction welding process between aluminum part and steel part includes the following steps: fixing the steel part in a vibrating fixture; vibrating the steel part vertically by means of a vibrating source and a link rod and at 24-30 Hz frequency and 2.0-2.8 mm amplitude; fixing the aluminum part in a movable fixture; contacting the steel part and the aluminum part mutually with a pushing oil cylinder in the friction pressure of 3.5-5.5 Kg/sq mm for 1.5-2.0 sec; stopping vibration and applying forging pressure of 6.5-12.0 Kg/sq mm for 0.5-1 sec; and cooling naturally to form firm joint between the aluminum part and the steel part. The present invention controls the temperature in friction area at 0.8 time the smelting point of aluminum and applying forging pressure to produce plastic deformation so as to weld by means of re-crystallization and the atomic combination between aluminum and steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the welding method of a kind of alumiaum article and steelwork, particularly the linear friction welding method of alumiaum article and steelwork.
Background technology
Aluminium itself is that a kind of weldability very poor metal material, especially duralumin and superduralumin have very strong hot cracking tendency, and its weldability is poorer.And the thermophysical property of aluminium and steel differs greatly, and realizes that the welding of these two kinds of materials is extremely difficult, also is that welding field is constantly explored and the technical barrier of studying all the time.
The known method that alumiaum article and steelwork can be welded together and be used for actual production has two kinds: a kind of is explosive welding (EW); Another kind is rotary friction welding (FW).
This method of explosive welding (EW) can fine aluminium or rustproof aluminum alloy be welded on the large-area steel plate preferably with plasticity.But the shortcoming of this welding method is: be applicable to plasticity fine aluminium or rustproof aluminum alloy preferably 1.; 2. can only be used for thin aluminum sheet is soldered to surface of steel plate, and can not be used for other welding point form.
Rotary friction welding (FW) can only be used for welded section and be circular aluminium one steel welded unit, thereby has limited the scope of application of this welding method.
Therefore, at industrial circles such as boats and ships, can only adopt mechanical means such as riveted joint or screw connection that aluminium and steel member are linked together.For example, steel wheel dish and superduralumin lodicule are linked together with screw.Also there is following shortcoming in the aluminium of this machinery-steel member method of attachment: 1. connecting portion complex structure, thereby cost of parts height, and production efficiency is low; 2. aluminium-the space of steel fastener seam crossing not only influences the result of use of member, and the fretting fatigue that causes of fit-up gap can make the connector mechanical performance reduce, and especially fatigue strength is relatively poor, thereby the safety coefficient that member uses is lower.
Summary of the invention
For overcome prior art can only welding of aluminum sheet material and steel board or cross section be the circular alumiaum article and the deficiency of steelwork, the invention provides the linear friction welding method of a kind of alumiaum article and steelwork, can weld the alumiaum article and the steelwork in multiple cross section.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the linear friction welding method of a kind of alumiaum article and steelwork is characterized in comprising the steps: steelwork is fixed in the vibration tong; Vibration source drives vibration tong along the vibration frequency of line slideway with 24～30Hz by connecting rod, and the amplitude of 2.0～2.8mm is done upper and lower reciprocating motion; Steelwork promptly along with vibration tong with the upper and lower vibration of same frequency; Alumiaum article is mounted in the mobile anchor clamps; Under the promotion that adds power cylinder, steelwork and alumiaum article are in contact with one another, and apply 3.5～5.5Kg/mm by adding power cylinder at contact surface
2Friction pressure, when fraction time was 1.5～2.0s, vibration source stopped vibration, applied 6.5～12.0Kg/mm again by adding power cylinder simultaneously
2Forging force, keep after 0.5～1 second, naturally the cooling, can form firm steel aluminium joint.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is by control friction pressure: 3.5～5.5Kg/mm
2, forging force: 6.5～12.0Kg/mm
2Vibration frequency: 24～30Hz, amplitude: 2～2.8mm and fraction time: 1.5～2.0s, when making the temperature of alumiaum article and steelwork friction zone be controlled at 0.8 times of aluminium fusing point, applying forging force makes the weld zone metal produce tangible plastic deformation, thereby by crystallization again, rely on the adhesion between aluminium-steel metallic atom, form steel aluminium welding point.Realized welding to the alumiaum article and the steelwork in multiple cross section.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is elaborated.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the linear friction welding method equipment therefor schematic diagram of alumiaum article of the present invention and steelwork
Fig. 2 is an embodiment duralumin-45
#Steel wire frottage plumb joint photo in kind
Fig. 3 is an embodiment duralumin-45
#Steel wire frottage plumb joint metallograph
Among the figure: the 1-line slideway, the 2-vibration tong, the 3-steelwork, the 4-connecting rod, the 5-vibration source, the 6-alumiaum article, 7-moves anchor clamps, the 8-distance rod, the 9-slide bar, 10-adds power cylinder, the 11-bearing.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: with reference to Fig. 1, the cross section is the welding of rectangular alumiaum article and steelwork.Steelwork 3 is mounted in the vibration tong 2.Vibration source 5 drives vibration tong 2 along the vibration frequency of line slideway 1 with 24Hz by connecting rod 4, and the amplitude of 2mm is done upper and lower reciprocating motion.Steelwork 3 promptly along with vibration tong 2 with the upper and lower vibration of same frequency.Alumiaum article 6 is mounted in the mobile anchor clamps 7.Add power cylinder 10 and make mobile anchor clamps 7 along slide bar 9 move left and right by distance rod 8, alumiaum article 6 promptly is subjected to a left side or right thrust simultaneously.
During welding, under the promotion that adds power cylinder 10, steelwork 3 is in contact with one another with alumiaum article 6.This moment, vibration source 5 drive steelworks 3 were done quick upper and lower vibration, and the contact surface of two weldments is adding the 3.5Kg/mm that power cylinder 10 applies so
2The friction pressure effect produces fricting movement at a high speed down, and mechanical energy will be converted into heat energy the weld zone is heated.When fraction time was 1.5s, vibration source 5 stopped vibration, applied 6.5Kg/mm again by adding power cylinder 10 simultaneously
2Forging force, keep after 0.5 second, naturally the cooling, can form firm steel aluminium joint.
From Fig. 2 duralumin-45
#The photo in kind of steel wire frottage plumb joint as can be seen, the shortening amount of two kinds of products of postwelding steel aluminium is 8.5～9mm altogether.Distortion all is the distortion of alumiaum article almost, and steelwork is not found obvious distortion.Carried out tension test to welding back steel fasten aluminium, found all to break at the nearly seam district of weld interface duralumin one side, its hot strength is an aluminum mother plate intensity.
From Fig. 3 is duralumin-45
#The metallograph weld structure form of steel wire frottage plumb joint can be found out duralumin and 45
#Steel has formed good connection.
Embodiment 2: with reference to Fig. 1, the cross section is the alumiaum article of circle and the welding of steelwork.Steelwork 3 is mounted in the vibration tong 2.Vibration source 5 drives vibration tong 2 along the vibration frequency of line slideway 1 with 26Hz by connecting rod 4, and the amplitude of 2.6mm is done upper and lower reciprocating motion.Steelwork 3 promptly along with vibration tong 2 with the upper and lower vibration of same frequency.Alumiaum article 6 is mounted in the mobile anchor clamps 7.Add power cylinder 10 and make mobile anchor clamps 7 along slide bar 9 move left and right by distance rod 8, alumiaum article 6 promptly is subjected to a left side or right thrust simultaneously.
During welding, under the promotion that adds power cylinder 10, steelwork 3 is in contact with one another with alumiaum article 6.This moment, vibration source 5 drive steelworks 3 were done quick upper and lower vibration, and the contact surface of two weldments is adding the 4.0Kg/mm that power cylinder 10 applies so
2The friction pressure effect produces fricting movement at a high speed down, and mechanical energy will be converted into heat energy the weld zone is heated.When fraction time was 1.6s, vibration source 5 stopped vibration, applied 8.0Kg/mm again by adding power cylinder 10 simultaneously
2Forging force, keep after 0.7 second, naturally the cooling, can form firm steel aluminium joint.
Embodiment 3: with reference to Fig. 1, the cross section is the welding of orthohexagonal alumiaum article and steelwork.Steelwork 3 is mounted in the vibration tong 2.Vibration source 5 drives vibration tong 2 along the vibration frequency of line slideway 1 with 28Hz by connecting rod 4, and the amplitude of 2.6mm is done upper and lower reciprocating motion.Steelwork 3 promptly along with vibration tong 2 with the upper and lower vibration of same frequency.Alumiaum article 6 is mounted in the mobile anchor clamps 7.Add power cylinder 10 and make mobile anchor clamps 7 along slide bar 9 move left and right by distance rod 8, alumiaum article 6 promptly is subjected to a left side or right thrust simultaneously.
During welding, under the promotion that adds power cylinder 10, steelwork 3 is in contact with one another with alumiaum article 6.This moment, vibration source 5 drive steelworks 3 were done quick upper and lower vibration, and the contact surface of two weldments is adding the 4.5Kg/mm that power cylinder 10 applies so
2The friction pressure effect produces fricting movement at a high speed down, and mechanical energy will be converted into heat energy the weld zone is heated.When fraction time was 1.8s, vibration source 5 stopped vibration, applied 10.0Kg/mm again by adding power cylinder 10 simultaneously
2Forging force, keep after 0.9 second, naturally the cooling, can form firm steel aluminium joint.
Embodiment 4: with reference to Fig. 1, the cross section is the welding of foursquare alumiaum article and steelwork.Steelwork 3 is mounted in the vibration tong 2.Vibration source 5 drives vibration tong 2 along the vibration frequency of line slideway 1 with 30Hz by connecting rod 4, and the amplitude of 2.8mm is done upper and lower reciprocating motion.Steelwork 3 promptly along with vibration tong 2 with the upper and lower vibration of same frequency.Alumiaum article 6 is mounted in the mobile anchor clamps 7.Add power cylinder 10 and make mobile anchor clamps 7 along slide bar 9 move left and right by distance rod 8, alumiaum article 6 promptly is subjected to a left side or right thrust simultaneously.
During welding, under the promotion that adds power cylinder 10, steelwork 3 is in contact with one another with alumiaum article 6.This moment, vibration source 5 drive steelworks 3 were done quick upper and lower vibration, and the contact surface of two weldments is adding the 5.5Kg/mm that power cylinder 10 applies so
2The friction pressure effect produces fricting movement at a high speed down, and mechanical energy will be converted into heat energy the weld zone is heated.When fraction time was 2.0s, vibration source 5 stopped vibration, applied 12.0Kg/mm again by adding power cylinder 10 simultaneously
2Forging force, keep after 1 second, naturally the cooling, can form firm steel aluminium joint.
Welding mechanism is as follows: in the initial stage of linear friction welding, at first uneven the and oxide-film of weld interface is eliminated, and makes the temperature of weld zone begin to rise.Along with the rising of temperature, the intensity of interface metal descends, and deflection increases, and thermoplastic deformation metal begins motion beyond weld interface under the effect of frictional force and pressure, form so-called overlap.Overlap has sealed weld interface gradually, and weld heating process is subsequently just carried out under sealing condition, thereby has effectively avoided the oxidation of weld interface metal.Learn by calculating, when fraction time is 1.5～2.0s, when the temperature of friction zone is about 0.8 times of aluminium fusing point, applying forging force makes the weld zone metal produce tangible plastic deformation, thereby by crystallization again, rely on the adhesion between aluminium-steel metallic atom, form welding point.Because there is not the melting phenomenon of metal in welding process, so can not form the frangible compounds phase of complexity, the metallurgical problems that does not have other welding methods yet and occurred.
Claims (1)
1, the linear friction welding method of a kind of alumiaum article and steelwork is characterized in that comprising the steps: steelwork is fixed in the vibration tong; Vibration source drives vibration tong along the vibration frequency of line slideway with 24～30Hz by connecting rod, and the amplitude of 2.0～2.8mm is done upper and lower reciprocating motion; Steelwork promptly along with vibration tong with the upper and lower vibration of same frequency; Alumiaum article is mounted in the mobile anchor clamps; Under the promotion that adds power cylinder, steelwork and alumiaum article are in contact with one another, and apply 3.5～5.5Kg/mm by adding power cylinder at contact surface
2Friction pressure, when fraction time was 1.5～2.0s, vibration source stopped vibration, applied 6.5～12.0Kg/mm again by adding power cylinder simultaneously
2Forging force, keep after 0.5～1 second, naturally the cooling, can form firm steel aluminium joint.
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| CN 200710017510 CN101020275A (en) | 2007-03-16 | 2007-03-16 | Linear friction welding process between aluminium part and steel part |
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| CN102303184A (en) * | 2011-08-23 | 2012-01-04 | 重庆大学 | Current-loaded linear friction welding device |
| WO2014140560A1 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-18 | Thompson Friction Welding | Friction welding |
| WO2014140561A1 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-18 | Thompson Friction Welding | Linear friction welding |
| CN104259652A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2015-01-07 | 山西环界石油钻具制造股份有限公司 | Misplaced friction welding apparatus and method |
| CN104889602A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-09 | 赵兰 | Aluminum-ferrite welding rod and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105189015A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2015-12-23 | 日本轻金属株式会社 | Member joining method |
| CN105171231A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2015-12-23 | 无锡清杨机械制造有限公司 | Welding technology |
| CN105728933A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-06 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Friction point joining device and friction point joining method |
| CN106938367A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-07-11 | 王蘋 | The electric resistance welding method of aluminium and aluminium alloy and steel and steel construction |
| CN107052106A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2017-08-18 | 西瑞尔贝兹公司 | Structure member and manufacture method |
| CN107671415A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-02-09 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of friction welding prepares the method and device of composite plate blanks |
| CN107848065A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2018-03-27 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | Friction welding method |
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| CN108608110A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-10-02 | 株洲佳邦难熔金属股份有限公司 | Sandwich style metal weldment friction welding tooling and method |
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| CN109128486A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-04 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | A kind of swing friction welding method |
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| CN107052106A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2017-08-18 | 西瑞尔贝兹公司 | Structure member and manufacture method |
| CN102303184A (en) * | 2011-08-23 | 2012-01-04 | 重庆大学 | Current-loaded linear friction welding device |
| WO2014140560A1 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-18 | Thompson Friction Welding | Friction welding |
| WO2014140561A1 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-18 | Thompson Friction Welding | Linear friction welding |
| US10010969B2 (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2018-07-03 | Kuka Systems Uk Limited | Shaped welding |
| GB2514087B (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2018-01-24 | Kuka Systems Uk Ltd | Linear friction welding |
| CN105189015B (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2018-08-28 | 日本轻金属株式会社 | The joint method of component |
| CN105189015A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2015-12-23 | 日本轻金属株式会社 | Member joining method |
| CN104259652B (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2016-08-24 | 山西环界石油钻具制造股份有限公司 | Dislocation friction welding apparatuses and method |
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| CN105728933A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-06 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Friction point joining device and friction point joining method |
| CN104889602A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-09 | 赵兰 | Aluminum-ferrite welding rod and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN105171231A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2015-12-23 | 无锡清杨机械制造有限公司 | Welding technology |
| EP3613531A1 (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2020-02-26 | IHI Corporation | Linear friction welding apparatus |
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| CN109202269B (en) * | 2017-10-29 | 2020-07-24 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Linear friction welding equipment |
| CN109202269A (en) * | 2017-10-29 | 2019-01-15 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | A kind of Linear fiction welding device |
| CN107671415B (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2022-11-11 | 辽宁科技大学 | Method and device for preparing composite plate blank by friction welding |
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| CN109128486A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-04 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | A kind of swing friction welding method |
| CN109226956A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-18 | 西北工业大学 | Ultrasonic vibration auxiliary friction welds method |
| CN110899955A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-24 | 成都交大焊接科技有限公司 | System and method for friction welding of elongated members |
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