CN101019046A - Liquid crystal display, method for producing optical sheet, and optical sheet - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display, method for producing optical sheet, and optical sheet Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a liquid crystal display apparatus to prevent the generation of moire while reduction of front luminance is suppressed. The liquid crystal display apparatus comprises a liquid crystal display panel, a light source arranged on the back side of the liquid crystal display panel, a condensing optical sheet arranged between the liquid crystal display panel and the light source and having one major surface arranged continuously with a multiplicity of protrusions and recesses and a diffusion sheet interposed between the liquid crystal display panel and the optical sheet. The liquid crystal display is arranged to satisfy relation of (H/Tt)*(Pp/P)>=1.6 when an arrangement pitch of the protrusion and recesses of the optical sheet, the haze value of the diffusion sheet, the total ray transmittance of the diffusion sheet and the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal display panel are defined as P [[mu]m], H [%], Tt [%] and Pp [[mu]m], respectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacture method and the optical sheet of a kind of LCD, optical sheet, this optical sheet can improve brightness and stop the generation Moire fringe.
Background technology
Compare with cathode ray tube (CRT), LCD (LCD) can realize reducing of low power consumption and thickness.At present, the LCD of various sizes is widely used in various application, and scope is from small-size equipment, as portable phone and digital camera, to the large scale liquid crystal TV.
LCD is divided into transmission-type and reflection-type.Transmission type lcd device generally comprises display panels and as the back light unit of lighting source, described display panels has the liquid crystal layer by a pair of transparency carrier clamping.Full run-down type (direct type) back light unit under light source wherein is arranged in display panels, back light unit also comprises edge light type (edge-light type) back light unit that uses optical plate.
Usually, optical sheet or blooming with optically focused characteristic (generally are called " optical sheet " afterwards, except as otherwise noted), for example be used for the exit direction from the light of light source be orientated forwards to prismatic lens or lens, can be used for the backlight liquid crystal display unit.For example, prismatic lens has the prism with triangular cross section that is arranged in a large number on the bright dipping side surface, and it makes the light that incides on the prismatic lens by the reflection of the inclined-plane of prism or pass the inclined-plane of prism, makes optical convergence arrive forward direction thus.
Simultaneously, because light-dark striped (Moire fringe) can take place in the interference of light between the line of pixels column pitch of the prism arrangement spacing of prismatic lens and display panels.Known the prism arrangement spacing is narrowed down (for example becoming 100 μ m or littler) can effectively stop the generation of this Moire fringe.
In addition, by the generation (the open No.6-102506 of Japanese Unexamined Patent Application) that diffusion sheet can stop the Moire fringe that causes owing to the interference of light between prism arrangement spacing and the pel spacing is being set between prismatic lens and the display panels.
Yet simply the method that the prism arrangement spacing is narrowed down has significantly reduced front brightness, causes deterioration of image quality.
In addition,,, there is following situation between prismatic lens and display panels, promptly can not effectively utilizes the light beam of assembling by prism, thereby can not obtain the effect of the raising brightness wanted according to the characteristic of diffusion barrier for the method that diffusion sheet is set.
Make the present invention in view of the above problems, therefore an object of the present invention is to provide the manufacture method and the optical sheet of a kind of LCD, optical sheet, this optical sheet can stop the generation of Moire fringe, suppresses the reduction of front brightness simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, according to the present invention, by pel spacing (P according to display panels
P) and be arranged on the fuzzy value (H) of the diffusion sheet on the bright dipping side of optical sheet and total light transmission (Tt) and determine that the upper limit of the spacing (P) of optical sheet degree of irregularity constructs LCD, wherein suppressed front brightness and reduced and Moire fringe can not take place.
Diffusion sheet is arranged on the bright dipping side of optical sheet.The fuzzy value H of diffusion sheet and total light transmission Tt are following characteristics, promptly its each all has unique value for each single diffusion sheet, its structure according to employed diffusion sheet, kind, specification wait to determine.Fuzzy value H represents diffusibleness; The H value is big more, and the light diffusion effect is big more, and therefore the degree that will reduce from the light distribution cycle that concentration piece 14 comes out is just big more.Tt represents to pass the total transmittance of the light of diffusion sheet.The Tt of higher value represents that the contribution that brightness is improved is big more.Because Moire fringe has taken place in the interference of light that the structural cycle of optical sheet degree of irregularity and the pel spacing cycle of display panels cause.Therefore,,, can stop the Moire fringe that reduces to cause owing to the cycle, and suppress the reduction of front brightness as fuzzy value and total light transmission optimization by making the characteristic of diffusion sheet.As describing afterwards, the present invention is absorbed in (H/Tt) (P
P/ P) value is found to equal predetermined value or can stop the generation of Moire fringe and suppress the front brightness reduction when bigger when this value, has finished the present invention thus.
In other words, relate to following LCD according to LCD of the present invention, it comprises: display panels; Be arranged on the light source on one side of display panels rear surface; Be arranged on the optical sheet with optically focused characteristic between display panels and the light source, this optical sheet has a plurality of irregular structures that are arranged on continuously on the optical sheet first type surface; And be arranged on diffusion sheet between display panels and the optical sheet, wherein the arrangement pitches when the irregular structure of optical sheet is P[μ m], the fuzzy value of diffusion sheet is H[%], the total light transmission of diffusion sheet is Tt[%], the pel spacing of display panels is P
PWhen [μ m], satisfy relation of plane down:
(H/Tt)·(P
P/P)≥1.6
In addition, the manufacture method that relates to a kind of optical sheet according to the manufacture method of optical sheet of the present invention, it is used to make the optical sheet with optically focused characteristic that is used in combination with display panels and diffusion sheet, this optical sheet has a plurality of irregular structures that are arranged on continuously on the optical sheet first type surface, this method comprises the upper limit of determining the arrangement pitches (P) of irregular structure according to following formula, wherein the arrangement pitches of the irregular structure of optical sheet is P[μ m], the fuzzy value of diffusion sheet is H[%], the total light transmission of diffusion sheet is Tt[%], the pel spacing of display panels is P
P[μ m]:
P≤(H·P
P)/(1.6Tt)。
In addition, relate to a kind of optical sheet that is used in combination with display panels and diffusion sheet according to optical sheet of the present invention with optically focused characteristic, it comprises a plurality of irregular structures that are arranged on continuously on the optical sheet first type surface, the arrangement pitches of wherein working as the irregular structure of optical sheet is P[μ m], the fuzzy value of diffusion sheet is H[%], the total light transmission of diffusion sheet is Tt[%], the pel spacing of display panels is P
PWhen [μ m], satisfy relation of plane down:
P≤(H·P
P)/(1.6Tt)。
If P＞(HP
P)/(1.6Tt) then is easy to occur Moire fringe, causes deterioration in image quality.Although also depend on the size of the fuzzy value and the total light transmission of pel spacing or diffusion sheet, in order to improve brightness, the size of arrangement pitches P preferably is made as 110 μ m or bigger.
The shape of the irregular structure of optical sheet is not particularly limited.Preferably, irregular structure forms prism element, hyperbolic curve cylindrical lens element or the para-curve cylindrical lens element of triangular cross-sectional shape.When irregular structure forms prism element, can improve front brightness, when irregular structure forms the cylindrical lens element, can improve the visual angle.
As previously described,, can stop the generation of Moire fringe, suppress front brightness simultaneously and reduce according to the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram according to the LCD of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that wherein part A has shown prismatic lens according to the perspective schematic view of the present invention as the concentration piece of optical sheet, and part B has shown the cylindrical lens sheet.
Fig. 3 is the view of diagram track of incident light when using prismatic lens as concentration piece.
Fig. 4 is the view of diagram track of incident light when using hyperbolic curve cylindrical lens sheet as concentration piece.
Fig. 5 is the view of diagram track of incident light when using aspheric surface cylindrical lens sheet as concentration piece.
Fig. 6 is the view that concerns between the lenticular spacing of diagram concentration piece and the front brightness.
Fig. 7 is the pel spacing P of diagram display panels
PAnd the view that concerns between the lenticular spacing P.
Fig. 8 is the view of the modification of display structure, wherein uses the cylindricality sheet as concentration piece, and wherein part A is a perspective schematic view, and part B is the view of diagram incident beam track.
Fig. 9 is the view of another modification of concentration piece structure shown in the displayed map 8.
Figure 10 is the view of another modification of concentration piece structure shown in the displayed map 8.
Figure 11 is the view of the modification of concentration piece structure shown in the displayed map 8 to 10.
Figure 12 shows wherein to use the view of prismatic lens as the modification of the structure of concentration piece.
Figure 13 is the various samples that are provided with protrusion for the back of the body face side of concentration piece, shows experimental check result's chart, has shown the relation that how to form between protrusion and the front brightness.
Figure 14 is the synoptic diagram that is used for preparing by the melt extrusion modling moulding device of concentration piece.
Figure 15 is the view that shows the back scattering properties of the various diffusion sheets that use in embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 16 is the view that shows the preceding scattering properties of the various diffusion sheets that use in embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 17 is according to the embodiment of the invention, when constructing LCD by the display panels that makes up various diffusion sheets, prismatic lens and have 320 μ m pel spacings, shows the view to the Moire fringe evaluation result.
Figure 18 shows according to the front brightness of the various samples shown in Figure 17 of the embodiment of the invention and the view of viewing angle characteristic.
Figure 19 is according to the embodiment of the invention, when constructing LCD by the display panels that makes up various diffusion sheets, prismatic lens and have 460 μ m pel spacings, shows the view to the Moire fringe evaluation result.
Figure 20 shows according to the front brightness of the various samples shown in Figure 19 of the embodiment of the invention and the view of viewing angle characteristic.
Figure 21 is according to the embodiment of the invention, when constructing LCD by the display panels that makes up various diffusion sheets, prismatic lens and have 510 μ m pel spacings, shows the view to the Moire fringe evaluation result.
Figure 22 shows according to the front brightness of the various samples shown in Figure 21 of the embodiment of the invention and the view of viewing angle characteristic.
Figure 23 is according to the embodiment of the invention, when constructing LCD by the display panels that makes up various diffusion sheets, hyperbolic curve cylindrical lens sheet and have 320 μ m pel spacings, shows the view to the Moire fringe evaluation result.
Figure 24 shows according to the front brightness of the various samples shown in Figure 23 of the embodiment of the invention and the view of viewing angle characteristic.
Figure 25 is according to the embodiment of the invention, when constructing LCD by the display panels that makes up various diffusion sheets, hyperbolic curve cylindrical lens sheet and have 460 μ m pel spacings, shows the view to the Moire fringe evaluation result.
Figure 26 shows according to the front brightness of the various samples shown in Figure 25 of the embodiment of the invention and the view of viewing angle characteristic.
Figure 27 is according to the embodiment of the invention, when constructing LCD by the display panels that makes up various diffusion sheets, hyperbolic curve cylindrical lens sheet and have 510 μ m pel spacings, shows the view to the Moire fringe evaluation result.
Figure 28 shows according to the front brightness of the various samples shown in Figure 27 of the embodiment of the invention and the view of viewing angle characteristic.
Figure 29 shows when using prismatic lens " BEFIII " by the 3M manufacturing as concentration piece, is to the view of Moire fringe evaluation result in the situation of 320 μ m at pel spacing.
Figure 30 shows when using prismatic lens " BEFIII " by the 3M manufacturing as concentration piece, is the view of front brightness and viewing angle characteristic in the situation of 320 μ m at pel spacing.
Figure 31 is presented at the reflective polarizing resolution element with diffusion function that use is made by 3M, " DBEFD " as in the situation of diffusion sheet to the view of Moire fringe evaluation result.
Figure 32 is presented at the reflective polarizing resolution element with diffusion function that use is made by 3M, and " DBEFD " is as the view of front brightness and viewing angle characteristic in the situation of diffusion sheet.
Embodiment
Now with reference to accompanying drawing embodiment of the present invention are described.Should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to embodiment described below, but can make various modifications by technological thought according to the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram that schematically shows according to the embodiment of LCD 10 structures of embodiment of the present invention.At first, will the structure of LCD 10 be described schematically.
As shown in fig. 1, LCD 10 comprises back light unit 1 and display panels 2.Although described back light unit 1 in this embodiment is the situation of full run-down type, and back light unit 1 also can be configured to edge light type backlight unit.
As shown in fig. 1, back light unit 1 is used for supplying with light to display panels 2, its be arranged on display panels 2 back of the body surfaces under.2 pairs of display panels are supplied with the flash of light preceding an earthquake from back light unit 1 and are carried out the modulation in time and space, thus display message.Two surfaces, display panels 2 ground are provided with polaroid 2a, 2b.For incident beam, each polaroid 2a and polaroid 2b be the light component of transmission cross polarization only, and stops another component by absorption.Polaroid 2a and polaroid 2b are provided with in the following manner, and promptly for example, their axis of homology is orthogonal.
Display panels 2 has a plurality of pixels that are provided with preset space length on the level of panel and vertical direction.By the optical transmission rate of control, can on the front side of panel, show predetermined image from back light unit 1 emission.Although display image forms coloured image, display image is not limited to this certainly.
As shown in fig. 1, back light unit 1 for example comprises reflecting plate 11, light source 12, diffuser plate 13, concentration piece 14, diffusion sheet 17 and reflective polarizer 18.Should be noted that as required diffuser plate 13 and reflective polarizer 18 can be set.
Light source 12 is used for supplying with light to display panels 2.In illustrated embodiment, be provided with a plurality of light sources, each light source is for example all formed by fluorescent light (FL), electroluminescence (EL) element, light emitting diode (LED) etc.
Reflecting plate 11 is arranged to cover light source 12 from following and side.Reflecting plate 11 reflection from light source 12 downwards or the light of side emission, thus with photoconduction to display panels 2.
Diffuser plate 13 is arranged on light source 12 tops, and is used to spread from the light of light source 12 outgoing and the light that is reflected by reflecting plate 11, thereby obtains uniform brightness.The diffuser plate 13 of Shi Yonging for example is the relative thicker diffuser plate that is dispersed with light diffusion fine particle in trnaslucent materials in this embodiment.
Diffusion sheet 17 is arranged on the concentration piece 14, light form outgoing to spread in fixing angular region that it can make directivity improved by concentration piece 14.As diffusion sheet 17 in this embodiment, use following a kind ofly here, promptly it comprises the diffusing surface of irregular structure with light diffusivity etc., this diffusing surface is arranged on the light exit surface side of translucent substrate.
Reflective polarizer 18 is arranged on the diffusion sheet 17.For the light beam by diffusion sheet 17 diffusions, reflective polarizer 18 is the light component of transmission cross polarization only, and reflects another component.The direction of vibration that passes the polarized light component of reflective polarizer 18 is made as the axis of homology that is parallel to the polaroid 2a on the light incident surface side that is arranged on display panels 2.
Next, detailed structure according to concentration piece of the present invention (optical sheet) 14 will be described.
The part A of Fig. 2 and part B have schematically shown the skeleton view according to the embodiment of concentration piece 14 structures of embodiment of the present invention.Concentration piece 14 has the essentially rectangular schistose texture, and form by prismatic lens or lens, described prismatic lens or lens have a large amount of irregular structures with light-focusing function that (are directions X among the figure) in one direction on the first type surface on concentration piece 14 1 sides and are provided with continuously.In this instructions, term " sheet " not only comprises film, but also comprises the various sheetings with flexibility or certain degree of hardness or rigidity.
Although the shape of cross section of each prism element 14P is the equilateral triangle with 90 degree drift angles in this embodiment, drift angle is not limited to 90 degree.In addition, although prism height, spacing etc. is not particularly limited, the upper limit of prism arrangement spacing will be described in the back.
On the other hand, in cylindrical lens element 14L, when the Z axle is being parallel on the direction of normal direction of concentration piece 14, X-axis is in the orientation of cylindrical lens element 14L, Y-axis is on the formation direction of cylindrical lens element 14L, on radiative outgoing one side, there is limited focal length, thus the formula (1) below satisfying, and cylindrical lens element 14L has the hyperbolic curve of lateral symmetry or the slot cross-section of parabolic surface shape.
Wherein R represents the radius-of-curvature [μ m] at place, summit, and K represents conic constant.
Should be noted that in this instructions represents the square root of the value that obtained by wherein mathematic(al) representation.
Selectively, cylindrical lens element 14L has the limited focal length on radiative outgoing one side, thereby satisfies formula (2), and the xsect with aspherical shape of lateral symmetry.
Wherein R represents the radius-of-curvature [μ m] at place, summit, and K represents conic constant, A, and B, each represents asphericity coefficient C....
Fig. 3 is along the X of the concentration piece (prismatic lens) 14 with prismatic lens 14P shown in Fig. 2 A and the amplification sectional view of Y-axis.In Fig. 3, some A represents the summit of prism, and each represents intersection point with adjacent prisms point B and C.In addition, some O represents to be positioned at the vignette source point under the A, and some P represents to be positioned at the vignette source point under the intersection points B.In addition, Fig. 3 has shown from vignette source point O and incides the track of the luminous flux Ω on the surfaces A B and incide the track of the luminous flux on surfaces A B and the AC from vignette source point P.The track of these light beams Ω and is obtained by simulation.
In concentration piece shown in Figure 13 14, the travel path of incident beam according to they incident angle and difference.Luminous flux Ω becomes by prism inclined-plane (AB surface) and reflects and pass the light component of the first order transmission on prism inclined-plane, and it can be effective to improve front brightness.Light beam is divided into the back light component and passes prism surface (AC surface) and be transmitted into the light component of the second level transmission of prism front surface, wherein, described back light component is being reflected by a prism inclined-plane (AB surface) before the secondary reflection by another prism surface (AC surface) again, thereby turns back to light incident side.The back light component is the luminous flux component that enters as the diffuser plate 13 of light emission surface (area source), thereby is spread and reflect by diffuser plate 13, thereby effectively contributes to the brightness that improves light-emitting area.On the contrary, the light component of second level transmission is the luminous flux component of outgoing on wide angle one side outside effective angular field of view of display panels 2, therefore to improving not contribution of brightness.
As mentioned above, in concentration piece shown in Figure 3 (prismatic lens) 14, incident light refraction and be converged to during transmission forwards to, improved directivity characteristics, thereby improved front brightness.In addition, reflected light is used as diffuser plate 13 diffusion and the scatterings of light emission surface (area source), and the result as light-emitting area brightness improves has improved front brightness.
On the other hand, Fig. 4 is the sectional view along the amplification of X of concentration piece (lens) 14 with the 14L of cylindrical lens element shown in Fig. 2 B and Z axle.Cylindrical lens element 14L shown in Fig. 4 has by the represented hyperbolic shape of following formula, and described formula is by with R=1[μ m], in K=-2 generation, advances above-mentioned formula (1) and obtains:
As shown in Figure 4, luminous flux Ω is refracted and propagates towards the place ahead of concentration piece 14.Most of luminous flux Ω have experienced total reflection, and by surface refraction between A and the C or total reflection, thereby become the back light component.In addition, the refract light in subapical surface experiences variation on normal direction, thereby with light distribution diffusion, has reduced the generation of the light component of second level transmission thus.
Fig. 5 is along the X of the concentration piece (lens) 14 with the cylindrical lens element 14L shown in Fig. 2 B and the amplification sectional view of Y-axis.
As shown in Figure 5, experienced total reflection in surface, and be used to improve front brightness in auxiliary mode near summit A from the partial luminous flux Ω of vignette source point O outgoing.In addition, be effective to improve front brightness from the luminous flux of vignette source point P outgoing because its by the surface refraction between the surface between A and the B and A and the C and pass A and B between the surface and the surface between A and the C.
The arrangement pitches of the prism element 14P of concentration piece 14 or cylindrical lens element 14L (generally being called " lenticular spacing " afterwards) influences the front brightness that is obtained greatly.Fig. 6 shown the lenticular spacing of concentration piece 14 and the front brightness that obtained between the embodiment that concerns.Transverse axis is represented lenticular spacing [μ m], and Z-axis is represented the relative value [%] of prismatic lens brightness of front brightness with respect to the prism with 90 degree drift angles that wherein is provided with at interval with 50 μ m.Should be noted that the lenticular spacing on the transverse axis is a logarithmic scale.
Fig. 6 has shown the prismatic lens of the prism element 14P with 90 degree drift angles and has had the lens of the cylindrical lens element 14L of the hyperbolic shape of being represented by above-mentioned formula (1).In general, front brightness becomes big and is tending towards becoming big along with lenticular spacing.In addition, the reason that the brightness of lens is lower than the brightness of prismatic lens under the identical lens spacer conditions is that 14P compares with prism element, and the summit of lens element 14L is crooked.Although, can reduce the influence at lens apex obtuse angle by the amplifying lens spacing along with the narrow down obtuse angle of lens apex of lenticular spacing has produced bigger influence and significantly reduced brightness.
As shown in Figure 6, can obtain brightness when lenticular spacing is big improves.Yet, have a kind of worry, promptly owing to Moire fringe takes place the interference with the pel spacing of display panels 2.On the other hand, although hour can eliminate the worry that produces Moire fringe when lenticular spacing, this has reduced the raising rate that obtains brightness.
Given this, according to this embodiment, the lenticular spacing of concentration piece 14 is determined according to the size of the pel spacing of the diffusion property of diffusion sheet 17 and display panels 2.In other words, the lenticular spacing of supposing concentration piece 14 is P[μ m], the fuzzy value of diffusion sheet 17 is H[%], total light transmission is Tt[%], and the pel spacing of display panels 2 is P
P[μ m], then so structure promptly satisfies following formula (3) according to the LCD 10 of this embodiment
(H/Tt)·(P
P/P)≥1.6 (3)
When being directed to P and finding the solution this formula, the formula below having produced
P≤(H·P
P)/(1.6Tt) (4)
The upper limit of the lenticular spacing of top formula (4) expression concentration piece 14.In other words, if the size of lenticular spacing P has surpassed (HP
PThe value of)/(1.6Tt) as described in the embodiment of back, then is easy to owing to Moire fringe takes place the reflection of light between concentration piece 14 and the display panels 2, makes image quality decrease.Therefore, by with the size restrictions of lenticular spacing P for being not more than (HP
PThe value of)/(1.6Tt) can obtain not have the high quality graphic of Moire fringe.
As shown in fig. 1, diffusion sheet 17 is arranged on light outgoing one side of concentration piece 14.The fuzzy value H of diffusion sheet 17 and total light transmission Tt are following characteristics, and promptly for each single diffusion sheet, each all has unique value, and its structure according to employed diffusion sheet, kind, specification wait to determine.Fuzzy value H represents diffusibleness; The H value is big more, and the light diffusion effect is big more, and therefore the degree that will reduce from the light distribution cycle that concentration piece 14 comes out is just big more.Tt represents to pass the total transmittance of the light of diffusion sheet.The Tt of higher value represents that the contribution that brightness is improved is big more.
On the contrary, the pel spacing P of display panels 2
PScreen size or pixel count according to display panels 2 change.For example, in the situation of 19 cun screen sizes, pel spacing is 320 μ m, and in the situation with the HD display of 40 cun screen sizes (high definition compatibility), pel spacing is 460 μ m, and in the situation of 32 cun screen sizes, pel spacing is 510 μ m.Therefore, the upper limit of concentration piece 14 lenticular spacings and pel spacing P
PSize become big pro rata.
Fig. 7 has shown pel spacing P
PAnd the relation between the lenticular spacing P.The upper limit of lenticular spacing P is by initial expression formula P=(HP
P)/(1.6Tt) determined.According to this embodiment, by according to above-mentioned formula (4) design lenticular spacing P, can design concentration piece 14 in the mode of the best according to required light characteristic, avoided the image quality decrease that causes owing to Moire fringe simultaneously.
Although the upper limit to the lenticular spacing P of concentration piece 14 is not particularly limited, because it is according to the diffusion property of diffusion sheet 17 and the pel spacing P of display panels 2
PSize and change, but when pel spacing was not less than 320 μ m and is not more than 510 μ m, lenticular spacing P was made as the size that for example is not less than 110 μ m and is not more than 350 μ m.As mentioned above, effectively improved brightness, had the worry that Moire fringe takes place although enlarge lenticular spacing.Can be according to above-mentioned formula (4), from the diffusion property of diffusion sheet 17 (H, Tt) and the pel spacing (P of display panels 2
P) come the lenticular spacing of designing optimal, thus can avoid taking place Moire fringe, improved brightness simultaneously.
In addition, for lenticular spacing P[μ m], in the cylindrical lens element 14L of concentration piece 14 has situation by the hyperbolic curve of top formula (1) expression or parabolic shape, the radius of curvature R [μ m] and the conic constant K at summit place preferably are located at respectively in the following numerical range, i.e. 0＜R＜P ,-4＜K≤-1, more preferably 0＜R＜P/2,-3＜K≤-1, extremely preferred 0＜R＜2P/5 ,-3＜K≤-1.
Should be noted that at cylindrical lens element 14L to have in the situation of the aspherical shape of representing by above-mentioned formula (2), the radius of curvature R [μ m] at place, summit, conic constant K, with asphericity coefficient A, B, C preferably are arranged in the following numerical range, be R 〉=0, K＜-1,0＜A＜10
-3, 0≤B, C＜10
-3, more preferably 0＜R≤72 ,-15＜K≤-1, R-K 〉=5.0＜A, B, C＜10
-3, extremely preferred 0＜R≤30 ,-15＜K≤-1,0＜A, B, C＜10
-3
On the other hand, the lenticular spacing P of concentration piece 14 needn't be identical in all universes, and prism element 14P or cylindrical lens element 14L are according to the zone and with different lenticular spacing settings.By changing lenticular spacing P brokenly, can obtain bigger Moire fringe and suppress effect.In this case, preferably determine the maximal value of lenticular spacing P according to above-mentioned formula (4).
In addition, by make the outer shape difference of prism element 14P or cylindrical lens element 14L for each zone, also can obtain Moire fringe and stop effect.For example, Fig. 8 has shown by L1, L2, and L1, L3, L1, the order of L2 is arranged the concentration piece 14 with lens surface 14a in the mode in cycle on the positive dirction of X-axis, and wherein cylindrical lens element L1 has different outer shape to L3.In an illustrated embodiment, each all has the aspherical shape by above-mentioned formula (2) expression to cylindrical lens element L1 to L3.
Specifically, cylindrical lens element L1 is expressed as:
Cylindrical lens element L2 is expressed as:
Cylindrical lens element L3 is expressed as:
Although the cylindrical lens element L1 of above-mentioned structure forms with identical width to L3, in cylindrical lens element L1 peak height difference in the L3.In the embodiment of Fig. 8, cylindrical lens element L2 has identical peak height with cylindrical lens element L3, and the peak height of cylindrical lens element L1 is made as than other cylindrical lens element L2, the little H1 of the peak height of L3.
At this moment, by the difference in height between the above-mentioned adjacent cylindrical lens element being made as half wavelength (λ/2), can suppress from the mutual interference between the light of adjacent cylindrical lens element outgoing less than above-mentioned light.In other words, in the visible region, have in the situation of redness (λ=0.6～0.7 μ m) of maximum wavelength, be at least 1 μ m or bigger, can all can suppress Moire fringe for all diffraction and interfere by described difference in height is made as.In this embodiment, the height difference H between the cylindrical lens element 1 for example is made as 3 μ m.
As another embodiment, Fig. 9 has shown by L4, L5, and L4, the order of L5 is arranged the concentration piece 24 with lens surface 24a in the mode in cycle on the positive dirction of X-axis, cylindrical lens element L4 wherein, L5 has different outer shape.In an illustrated embodiment, cylindrical lens element L4, each has the aspherical shape of being represented by above-mentioned formula (2) L5.
Specifically, cylindrical lens element L4 is expressed as:
As another embodiment, Figure 10 has shown by L6, L7, and L6, the order of L7 is arranged the concentration piece 34 with lens surface 34a in the mode in cycle on the positive dirction of X-axis, cylindrical lens element L6 wherein, L7 has different outer shape.In an illustrated embodiment, cylindrical lens element L6, each has L7 by above-mentioned formula (1), the hyperbolic curve or the aspherical shape of (2) expression.
Specifically, cylindrical lens element L6 is expressed as:
Cylindrical lens element L7 is expressed as:
Although the cylindrical lens element L6 of above-mentioned structure, L7 forms with identical width, at cylindrical lens element L6, and peak height difference between the L7.The peak height of cylindrical lens element L6 is made as the little H3 of peak height than cylindrical lens element L7.In this embodiment, the height difference H between the cylindrical lens element 3 for example is made as 7 μ m.
Although the mode with the cycle in the embodiment shown in Fig. 8 to 10 is provided with the difform a plurality of cylindrical lens elements that form the concentration piece lens surface, they can at random be arranged.
In addition, there is following situation, promptly wherein because the length in the arrangement cycle of these single cylindrical lens elements between emergent ray interference mutually can take place.Given this, for example as shown in the part A of Figure 11, at two kinds of lens element La by the varying cross-section shape, the periodic arrangement structure that Lb forms forms in the situation of lens, it is lens element La that the capable formation width W of lens element of composition periodic structure is made as, 2 to 100 times of each width Lw of Lb, preferred 2 to 20 times.
On the other hand, as shown in the part B of Figure 11, at two kinds of lens element La by the varying cross-section shape, any arrangement architecture that Lb forms forms in the situation of lens, form continuously and be no more than 10 row, the lens element La (or Lb) of preferred 5 row same structures.
Should be noted that forming in the situation according to concentration piece of the present invention, also can form this prismatic lens by multiple prism element with different outer shape by comprising prismatic lens with triangular ridges mirror element.
For example, as shown in Figure 12, the chamfered portion of each prism element forms different pitch angle.Form prismatic lens by a plurality of prism elements that differ from one another by base angle (α 1, and α 2) and β (β 1, and β 2), can obtain bigger visual angle, suppress front brightness simultaneously and reduce.Although the combination of base angle and β is not particularly limited in this case, these angles can for example be located in the scope of 45 to 60 degree.Should be noted that drift angle determines by the size of base angle and β.In addition, the base angle and the β of adjacent prisms element differ from one another (α 1 ≠ α 2, β 1 ≠ β 2).
Next, suppose that the surface that is formed with prism element 14P or cylindrical lens element 14L on it is the front surface of sheet, other post surfaces of concentration piece 14 then, promptly relative with the front surface of sheet rear surface side is smooth surface.At this moment, by form trickle projection on the surface on the rear side, the defective that produces except the slip that can suppress owing to rear surface one side of concentration piece 14 then also can be by reducing to improve light characteristic from the reflection of light that light source one side enters.
Although the height that is arranged on the projection on concentration piece 14 rear surfaces is not particularly limited, be preferably 0.20 μ m or bigger (JIS B0601-1994) from the height of the projection of average central plane.In addition, the number density that has a projection of 0.20 μ m or bigger height from average central plane preferably is located at 70/mm
2To 400/mm
2Scope in.Be made as by number density and be not less than 70/mm projection
2, can reduce since with the flat that is arranged on the diffuser plate 13 on one side of concentration piece 14 rear surfaces that interference produced was fuzzy.In addition, be made as by number density and be not more than 400/mm projection
2, can suppress owing to the brightness that the LCD that projection causes is set on one side of concentration piece rear surface reduces.
The equispaced that has from average central plane between the projection of 0.20 μ m or bigger height preferably is located at 50 μ m in the scope of 120 μ m.Be not less than 50 μ m by the equispaced between the projection is made as, can suppress owing to the brightness that the LCD that projection causes is set on one side of concentration piece rear surface reduces.In addition, be not more than 120 μ m, can stop owing to contacting in diffuser plate 13 surfaces that caused to produce defective, and can reduce owing to interfering occur fuzzy with the flat of diffuser plate 13 with concentration piece 14 rear surfaces by the equispaced between the projection is made as.
In addition, the projection that is arranged on concentration piece 14 rear surfaces is provided with in the following manner, is not promptly having lens pattern, for example in the situation of prism element 14P of Xing Chenging or cylindrical lens element 14L, the turbidity of concentration piece (fuzzy value) preferably is not more than 60%, more preferably no more than 20%.In addition, the mean pitch δ a of concentration piece 14 rear surfaces that is provided with projection preferably is made as and is not more than 0.25rad.
Should be noted that the X when quadrature, the Y coordinate axis be arranged on roughness curve (roughness curve) in the heart the time, be defined as the Z axle with the axle of central plane quadrature, roughness curve be f (x, y), the size of reference planes is Lx, Ly, and mean pitch is provided by following formula.In this formula, SM is provided by Lx * Ly.
[formula 1]
Figure 13 has shown in the situation that does not form lens pattern, for the various samples that are arranged on various modification on the concentration piece rear surface, the relation between the mean pitch of the turbidity of sheet (fuzzy value), sheet rear surface and the front brightness of LCD.Front brightness be expressed as with sample S1 in the relative value of brightness value.Be not more than 60% by fuzzy value is made as, mean pitch is made as and is not more than 0.25rad, can suppress owing to the brightness that the LCD that projection causes is set on one side of concentration piece 14 rear surfaces reduces.
In addition, although be not particularly limited the mean roughness that is arranged on the projection on concentration piece 14 rear surfaces, projection preferably is provided with in the following manner, promptly Tu Qi 10 mean roughness SRz at 1 μ m in the scope of 15 μ m.Be made as by value and be not less than 1 μ m 10 mean roughness SRz of projection, can stop owing in the surface of diffuser plate 13, produce defective with concentration piece 14 contacting of rear surface, and can reduce since with bluring that the interference of the flat of diffuser plate 13 produces.In addition, be made as by value and be not more than 15 μ m, can suppress owing to the brightness that the LCD that projection causes is set on one side of concentration piece 14 rear surfaces reduces with 10 mean roughness SRz of projection.
Next, will method that make concentration piece 14 be described.In this embodiment, prepare concentration piece 14 by the melt extrusion process.Yet manufacture method is not limited to this; Also can be by hot-press method, use the printing transferring method etc. of ultraviolet-curing resin on sheet, to form irregular structure, as prism element or cartridge by diffusion of volatile treating agent.
Figure 14 is the synoptic diagram that is used to make the extruding plate precise forming device 40 of concentration piece 14 according to the present embodiment.Extruding plate precise forming device 40 comprises extruder 41, T mould 42, forming rolls 43, resilient roller 44 and chill roll 45.
Forming rolls 43 has column construction, and its central shaft that can make to turning axle drives rotatably.In addition, forming rolls 43 formation that is cooled.Specifically, forming rolls 43 has one or two or a plurality of little shape groove, is used for flowing therein heat eliminating medium.For example oily medium can be used as heat eliminating medium, and the temperature of this oil medium allows for example to change between 90 ℃ and 270 ℃.
The cylindrical surface of forming rolls 43 is provided with depiction, is used for irregular pattern is transferred to from a first type surface of the sheet of T mould 42 releases.This depiction for example forms by trickle irregular structure, is used for the A with Fig. 2, and prism element 14P shown in the 2B or cylindrical lens element 14L are transferred on the sheet.These irregular structures for example form by accurately cutting with the diamond cutting tool.In addition, depiction is gone up formation at the circumference or the Width (short transverse) of the forming rolls 43 with column construction.
In the extruding plate precise forming device 40 of as above constructing, at first, molding resin material is also supplied to T mould 42 continuously, and discharge slices from T mould 42 continuously by extruder 41.
Next, described be formed roller 43 and resilient roller 44 extruding that discharge from T mould 42.This makes the depiction on the forming rolls 43 be transferred on the surface of sheet.At this moment, the surface temperature of forming rolls 43 remain on resin material glass transformation temperature Tg (℃)+20 ℃ to Tg+45 ℃ temperature range in, the surface temperature of resilient roller 44 remains on 20 ℃ in the temperature range of Tg.Remain in the said temperature scope by surface temperature, can in a satisfactory manner depiction be transferred on described forming rolls 43 and resilient roller 44.In addition, during the transfer printing depiction temperature of resin material preferably in Tg+50 ℃ to Tg+230 ℃ scope, more preferably in T+80 ℃ to Tg+200 ℃ scope.By resin temperature being remained in the said temperature scope, can in a satisfactory manner depiction be transferred on described.
Then, by chill roll 45 described is separated from forming rolls 43, described of forming rolls 43 and chill roll 45 clampings simultaneously are to suppress described vibration.At this moment, the surface temperature of chill roll 45 remains in the temperature range that is not more than Tg.Remain in this temperature range by surface temperature, and, can separate described from forming rolls 43 in a satisfactory manner also by forming rolls 43 and described vibration of chill roll 45 clampings with the inhibition sheet with chill roll 45.In addition, the temperature of resin material preferably is not less than Tg when discharging described, more preferably Tg+20 ℃ to Tg+85 ℃, extremely is preferably Tg+30 ℃ to Tg+60 ℃.Remain in the said temperature scope by temperature, and, can separate described from forming rolls 43 in a satisfactory manner also by forming rolls 43 and described vibration of chill roll 45 clampings with the inhibition sheet with resin.
By aforesaid operations, can obtain desirable lens or prismatic lens as concentration piece 14.
Use at least a transparent thermoplastic resin to form concentration piece 14.Consider the function of exit direction of control light, as thermoplastic resin, the preferred use has 1.4 or the resin of bigger refractive index.The example of this resin comprises acryl resin, as polycarbonate resin or plexiglass, vibrin or amorphous copolymer vibrin, as polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene resin and Corvic.In addition, consider the transfer printing ability of the lens pattern of melt pressing method, near the melt temperature during forming temperature is preferably is not less than 1, and 000Pa also is not more than 10,000Pa.
In addition, preferably in thermoplastic resin, comprise at least a mould releasing agent.When forming rolls 43 separates described, comprising the mould releasing agent can stop in concentration piece 14 and form defiber by regulating viscosity between forming rolls 43 and described.The content that adds the mould releasing agent of thermoplastic resin to preferably is located at 0.02wt% in the scope of 0.4wt%.If content is less than 0.02wt%, then releasability will descend, and causes forming defiber in concentration piece 14.On the other hand, content surpasses 0.4wt% can cause strong releasability, causes before transparent thermoplastic resin solidifies shape to be out of shape.
In addition, preferably in thermoplastic resin, comprise at least a UV absorbers or light stabilizer.Comprising UV absorbers or light stabilizer can suppress owing to the change color that light caused from light emitted.
Add the ultraviolet light absorber in the thermoplastic resin or the content of light stabilizer to and preferably be located at 0.02wt% in the scope of 0.4wt%.If content less than 0.02wt%, then can not suppress change color.On the other hand, if content surpasses 0.4wt%, concentration piece 14 can present faint yellow.
In addition, except above-mentioned mould releasing agent, UV absorbers and light stabilizer, also can add adjuvant, for example antioxidant, antistatic agent, colorant, plastifier, compatibility agent and fire retardant.Yet should be noted that most of adjuvant can produce gas because depend on heating when T mould 42 melts pushs etc., thereby cause film to form characteristic or working environment deterioration.Therefore, the total amount of adjuvant is preferably less, and they preferably are made as with respect to the interpolation content of thermoplastic resin and are not more than 2wt%.
Example
Although the various details example, the present invention is not limited to following example.
Preparation has a plurality of diffusion sheets of different diffusion properties, constructs LCD by these diffusion sheets are made up with the concentration piece with predetermined lens spacing.Measure front brightness, horizontal view angle (VAh) and vertical angle of view (VAv) of this moment, check Moire fringe whether occurs.In addition, use " DBEFD " (name of product) of making by 3M, wherein replace diffusion sheet, construct LCD by " DBEFD " made up with the concentration piece with predetermined lens spacing by diffusion function layer clamping reflective polarizer; Measure front brightness, horizontal view angle (VAh) and vertical angle of view (VAv) of this moment, check whether Moire fringe takes place.Should be noted that placement concentration piece like this, promptly the ridge direction of prism element or cylindrical lens element is parallel to the horizontal direction of screen.
Figure 15 has shown the diffusion property of each diffusion sheet of preparation like this, i.e. the value of the fuzzy value of each diffusion sheet (H), total light transmission (Tt), diffusion light (Td), linear transmission amount (Tp) and " H/Tt ".
Fuzzy/transilluminator HM-150 that use is made by MURAKAMI COLOR RESEARCH LABORATORY measures the fuzzy value (H) of diffusion sheet by the transmitted light of detection lug, measures by scattering backward and departs from the number percent (wherein diffusing surface is positioned on bright dipping one side) of 2.5 ° or bigger transmitted light from incident light.Except the installation method of detection lug, carry out the measurement of fuzzy value according to JIS-K-7136.Should be noted that measurement as fuzzy value, also can be according to total light transmission (Tr), linear transmission amount (Tp) and the diffusion light (Td) described after scattered light is measured backward.
Fuzzy/transilluminator HM-150 that use is made by MURAKAMI COLOR RESEARCH LABORATORY, measure total light transmission (Tt) of diffusion sheet by the transmitted light of detection lug, measure the number percent (according to JIS-K-7361) of total transmitted light flux with respect to the luminous flux of parallel incident.
Use comes measure linear transmission amount (Tp) by fuzzy/transilluminator HM-150 that MURAKAMI COLOR RESEARCH LABORATORY makes by the transmitted light of detection lug, measures the number percent (according to the JIS-K-7136 fuzzy measuring method) that drops on respect to the luminous flux of parallel incident less than the transmitted light in 2.5 ° of angles.
Diffusion light (Td) is expressed as following transmissivity, promptly deducts the transmissivity of linear component from the total light transmission that uses fuzzy/transilluminator HM-150 measurement of being made by MURAKAMI COLORRESEARCH LABORATORY.
Should be noted that " DBEFD " in the diffusion sheet sample is the trade name of the diffusion reflection pattern polarization separation element made by 3M.
For reference, shown the value of fuzzy value according to each diffusion sheet sample of measuring by the forward-scattered light of JIS colleague regulation, total transmissivity, diffusion light, linear transmission amount and " H/Tt " among Figure 16.
[prismatic lens, pel spacing 320 μ m]
As concentration piece, the melt extrusion modling preparation by polycarbonate resin has the prismatic lens (prism pitch P:15 μ m, 32 μ m, 50 μ m, 110 μ m, 200 μ m, 350 μ m) that light exit surface is provided with the prism element of equilateral triangle xsect.LCD has been constructed in these prismatic lenses of various diffusion sheets (not comprising " DBEFD ") by will having diffusion property shown in Figure 16 and the display panels combination with 320 μ m pel spacings.For each LCD of as above constructing, Figure 17 and 18 has shown evaluation result, front brightness measured value and the visual angle measured value that Moire fringe is taken place.
Here, estimating Moire fringe in the following manner.
In between dark place, white display video is input to the LCD of each structure, forwards to oblique direction on the generation of visual observation Moire fringe.Moire fringe comments " O " expression in the row that Moire fringe does not take place, and Moire fringe has taken place in " X " expression.
The following measurement of carrying out front brightness.
In between dark place, white display video is input to the LCD of each structure, after illumination two hours, by " CS-1000 " is being installed in the position of panel surface 500mm, by the spectroradiometer that KonicaMinolta makes, measure brightness.Carry out three times and measure, the mean value of getting these measurements is as measured value.
Then, the following measurement of carrying out the visual angle.
In between dark place, white display video is input to the LCD of each structure, after illumination two hours, carries out the evaluation at visual angle on panel surface by brightness/chroma instrument (" EZContrast " that made by ELDIM) is installed.Read in on the horizontal direction of the long side of panel with the direction vertical with this direction on front brightness become half angle, be defined as horizontal view angle (VAh) and vertical angle of view (VAv) respectively.
It should be noted that, the measured value of front brightness is expressed as the value with respect to the front brightness that is obtained by following LCD, and described LCD is constructed as the prismatic lens " Thick BEFIII " (trade name) by the 3M manufacturing of concentration piece, Figure 16 " diffusion sheet 2 " and display panels with 320 μ m pel spacings by combination.Result and the visual angle measured value estimated for this LCD generation Moire fringe have been shown among Figure 29 and 30.The light characteristic of above-mentioned " Thick BEFIII " is corresponding to the point of being represented by " Ref " among Fig. 6.
As shown in Figure 17, at the pel spacing P of display panels
PBeing in the situation of 320 μ m, is 15 μ m using lenticular spacing P, does not observe Moire fringe in the LCD of the prismatic lens of 32 μ m and 50 μ m.
In addition, be in the situation of 110 μ m at lenticular spacing P, in the sample that uses " diffusion sheet 10 " and " viscous diffusion layer 3 ", observed Moire fringe.In addition, be in the situation of 200 μ m at lenticular spacing P, in the sample that uses " diffusion sheet 8 ", " diffusion sheet 9 ", " diffusion sheet 10 " and " viscous diffusion layer 3 ", observed Moire fringe.In addition, be in the situation of 350 μ m at lens tooth pitch P, only in the sample that uses " diffusion sheet 1 ", do not observe Moire fringe.
Be appreciated that from result shown in Figure 17, for the LCD that comprises display panels, although along with the lenticular spacing of concentration piece becomes big and is easy to take place Moire fringe, at " (H/Tt) (P with diffusion sheet and wherein with 320 μ m pel spacings
P/ P) " be 1.6 or the situation of bigger concentration piece combination in can suppress the generation of Moire fringe.
On the other hand, for front brightness and viewing angle characteristic, obtained result as shown in Figure 18.Especially for the front brightness characteristic, the value of observing along with lenticular spacing P becomes big, and the front brightness characteristic improves.This is because increased the area of prism chamfered portion by enlarging lenticular spacing, has improved the optically focused characteristic thus, thereby has obtained the front brightness characteristic that improves.
[prismatic lens, pel spacing 460 μ m]
As concentration piece, the melt extrusion modling preparation by polycarbonate resin has the prismatic lens (prism pitch P:50 μ m, 110 μ m, 200 μ m, 350 μ m) that light exit surface is provided with the prism element of equilateral triangle xsect.LCD has been constructed in these prismatic lenses of various diffusion sheets (not comprising " DBEFD ") by will having diffusion property shown in Figure 16 and the display panels combination with 460 μ m pel spacings.For each LCD of as above constructing, Figure 19 and 20 has shown evaluation result, front brightness measured value and the visual angle measured value that Moire fringe is taken place.
As shown in Figure 19, at the pel spacing P of display panels
PBe in the situation of 460 μ m, in the LCD of the prismatic lens that uses 50 μ m lenticular spacing P, do not observe Moire fringe.
In addition, be in the situation of 110 μ m at lenticular spacing P, in the sample that uses " diffusion sheet 10 ", observed Moire fringe.In addition, be in the situation of 200 μ m at lenticular spacing P, in the sample that uses " diffusion sheet 9 ", " diffusion sheet 10 " and " viscous diffusion layer 3 ", observed Moire fringe.In addition, be in the situation of 350 μ m at lens tooth pitch P, in the sample that uses " diffusion sheet 7 ", " diffusion sheet 8 ", " diffusion sheet 9 ", " diffusion sheet 10 ", " viscous diffusion layer 2 " and " viscous diffusion layer 3 ", observed Moire fringe.
Be appreciated that from result shown in Figure 19, for the LCD that comprises display panels, although along with the lenticular spacing of concentration piece becomes big and is easy to take place Moire fringe, at " (H/Tt) (P with diffusion sheet and wherein with 460 μ m pel spacings
P/ P) " be 1.6 or the situation of bigger concentration piece combination in can suppress the generation of Moire fringe.In addition, in this embodiment, the value of observing along with lenticular spacing P becomes big, and the front brightness characteristic improves (Figure 20).
[prismatic lens, pel spacing 510 μ m]
As concentration piece, the melt extrusion modling preparation by polycarbonate resin has the prismatic lens (prism pitch P:50 μ m, 110 μ m, 200 μ m, 350 μ m) that light exit surface is provided with the prism element of equilateral triangle xsect.LCD has been constructed in these prismatic lenses of various diffusion sheets (not comprising " DBEFD ") by will having diffusion property shown in Figure 16 and the display panels combination with 510 μ m pel spacings.For each LCD of as above constructing, Figure 21 and 22 has shown " (H/Tt) (P
P/ P) " value, evaluation result, front brightness measured value and the visual angle measured value that Moire fringe is taken place.
As shown in Figure 21, at the pel spacing P of display panels
PBe in the situation of 510 μ m, using lenticular spacing P not observe Moire fringe in the LCD of prismatic lens of 50 μ m and 110 μ m.
In addition, at lenticular spacing P is in the situation of 200 μ m, in the sample that uses " diffusion sheet 9 ", " diffusion sheet 10 " and " viscous diffusion layer 3 ", observe Moire fringe, in the sample that uses " diffusion sheet 7 ", " diffusion sheet 8 ", " diffusion sheet 9 ", " diffusion sheet 10 ", " viscous diffusion layer 2 " and " viscous diffusion layer 3 ", observed Moire fringe.
Be appreciated that from result shown in Figure 21, for the LCD that comprises display panels, although along with the lenticular spacing of concentration piece becomes big and is easy to take place Moire fringe, at " (H/Tt) (P with diffusion sheet and wherein with 510 μ m pel spacings
P/ P) " be 1.6 or the situation of bigger concentration piece combination in can suppress the generation of Moire fringe.In addition, in this embodiment, the value of observing along with lenticular spacing P becomes big, and the front brightness characteristic improves (Figure 22).
[hyperbolic curve cylindrical lens sheet, pel spacing 320 μ m]
As concentration piece, the melt extrusion modling preparation by polycarbonate resin wherein light exit surface is provided with lens (prism pitch P:15 μ m, 32 μ m by the cylindrical lens element of the hyperbolic configuration of above-mentioned formula (1) expression, 50 μ m, 110 μ m, 200 μ m, 350 μ m).
Lens shape with each lenticular spacing is similar each other, with the lens shape with 50 μ m spacings as a reference, carries out lens design in the following manner.
Lenticular spacing P:15 μ m
Lenticular spacing P:32 μ m
Lenticular spacing P:50 μ m
Lenticular spacing P:110 μ m
Lenticular spacing P:200 μ m
Lenticular spacing P:350 μ m
LCD has been constructed in these prismatic lenses of various diffusion sheets (not comprising " DBEFD ") by will having diffusion property shown in Figure 16 and the display panels combination with 320 μ m pel spacings.For each LCD of as above constructing, Figure 23 and 24 has shown " (H/Tt) (P
P/ P) " value, evaluation result, front brightness measured value and the visual angle measured value that Moire fringe is taken place.
As shown in Figure 23, at the pel spacing P of display panels
PBeing in the situation of 320 μ m, is 15 μ m using lenticular spacing P, does not observe Moire fringe in the LCD of the prismatic lens of 32 μ m and 50 μ m.
In addition, be in the situation of 110 μ m at lenticular spacing P, in the sample that uses " diffusion sheet 10 " and " viscous diffusion layer 3 ", observed Moire fringe.This external lenticular spacing P is in the situation of 200 μ m, has observed Moire fringe in the sample that uses " diffusion sheet 8 ", " diffusion sheet 9 ", " diffusion sheet 10 " and " viscous diffusion layer 3 ".In addition, be in the situation of 350 μ m at lenticular spacing P, only in the sample that uses " diffusion sheet 1 ", do not observe Moire fringe.
Be appreciated that from result shown in Figure 23, for the LCD that comprises display panels, although along with the lenticular spacing of concentration piece becomes big and is easy to take place Moire fringe, at " (H/Tt) (P with diffusion sheet and wherein with 320 μ m pel spacings
P/ P) " be 1.6 or the situation of bigger concentration piece combination in can suppress the generation of Moire fringe.
On the other hand, for front brightness and viewing angle characteristic, obtained result as shown in Figure 24.Especially for the front brightness characteristic, the value of observing along with lenticular spacing P becomes big, and the front brightness characteristic improves.This is because increased the area of prism chamfered portion by enlarging lenticular spacing, has improved the optically focused characteristic thus, thereby has obtained the front brightness characteristic that improves.
[hyperbolic curve cylindrical lens sheet, pel spacing 460 μ m]
As concentration piece, the melt extrusion modling preparation by polycarbonate resin wherein light exit surface is provided with lens (prism pitch P:50 μ m, 110 μ m, 200 μ m, 350 μ m) by the prism element of the hyperbolic configuration of above-mentioned formula (1) expression.Lens shape with each lenticular spacing is similar each other, with the lens shape with 50 μ m spacings as a reference, carries out lens design in the following manner.
Lenticular spacing P:50 μ m
Lenticular spacing P:110 μ m
Lenticular spacing P:200 μ m
Lenticular spacing P:350 μ m
LCD has been constructed in these prismatic lenses of various diffusion sheets (not comprising " DBEFD ") by will having diffusion property shown in Figure 16 and the display panels combination with 460 μ m pel spacings.For each LCD of as above constructing, Figure 25 and 26 has shown " (H/Tt) (P
P/ P) " value, evaluation result, front brightness measured value and the visual angle measured value that Moire fringe is taken place.
As shown in Figure 25, at the pel spacing P of display panels
PBe in the situation of 460 μ m, using lenticular spacing P not observe Moire fringe in the LCD of prismatic lens of 50 μ m.
In addition, be in the situation of 110 μ m at lenticular spacing P, in the sample that uses " diffusion sheet 10 ", observed Moire fringe.This external lenticular spacing P is in the situation of 200 μ m, has observed Moire fringe in the sample that uses " diffusion sheet 9 ", " diffusion sheet 10 " and " viscous diffusion layer 3 ".In addition, be in the situation of 350 μ m at lenticular spacing P, in the sample that uses " diffusion sheet 7 ", " diffusion sheet 8 ", " diffusion sheet 9 ", " diffusion sheet 10 ", " viscous diffusion layer 2 " and " viscous diffusion layer 3 ", observe Moire fringe.
Be appreciated that from result shown in Figure 25, for the LCD that comprises display panels, although along with the lenticular spacing of concentration piece becomes big and is easy to take place Moire fringe, at " (H/Tt) (P with diffusion sheet and wherein with 460 μ m pel spacings
P/ P) " be 1.6 or the situation of bigger concentration piece combination in can suppress the generation of Moire fringe.In addition, in this embodiment, the value of observing along with lenticular spacing P becomes big front brightness characteristic raising (Figure 26).
[hyperbolic curve cylindrical lens sheet, pel spacing 510 μ m]
As concentration piece, the melt extrusion modling preparation by polycarbonate resin wherein light exit surface is provided with lens (prism pitch P:50 μ m, 110 μ m, 200 μ m, 350 μ m) by the prism element of the hyperbolic configuration of above-mentioned formula (1) expression.Lens shape with each lenticular spacing is similar each other, with the lens shape with 50 μ m spacings as a reference, carries out lens design in the following manner.
Lenticular spacing P:50 μ m
Lenticular spacing P:110 μ m
Lenticular spacing P:200 μ m
Lenticular spacing P:350 μ m
LCD has been constructed in these prismatic lenses of various diffusion sheets (not comprising " DBEFD ") by will having diffusion property shown in Figure 16 and the display panels combination with 510 μ m pel spacings.For each LCD of as above constructing, Figure 27 and 28 has shown " (H/Tt) (P
P/ P) " value, evaluation result, front brightness measured value and the visual angle measured value that Moire fringe is taken place.
As shown in Figure 27, at the pel spacing P of display panels
PBe in the situation of 510 μ m, using lenticular spacing P not observe Moire fringe in the LCD of prismatic lens of 50 μ m and 110 μ m.
In addition, be in the situation of 200 μ m at lenticular spacing P, in the sample that uses " diffusion sheet 9 ", " diffusion sheet 10 " and " viscous diffusion layer 3 ", observed Moire fringe.This external lenticular spacing P is in the situation of 350 μ m, has observed Moire fringe in the sample that uses " diffusion sheet 7 ", " diffusion sheet 8 ", " diffusion sheet 9 ", " diffusion sheet 10 ", " viscous diffusion layer 2 " and " viscous diffusion layer 3 ".
Be appreciated that from result shown in Figure 27, for the LCD that comprises display panels, although along with the lenticular spacing of concentration piece becomes big and is easy to take place Moire fringe, at " (H/Tt) (P with diffusion sheet and wherein with 510 μ m pel spacings
P/ P) " be 1.6 or the situation of bigger concentration piece combination in can suppress the generation of Moire fringe.In addition, in this embodiment, the value of observing along with lenticular spacing P becomes big front brightness characteristic raising (Figure 28).
As shown in Figure 17 to 28, still be hyperbolic curve cylindrical lens sheet no matter concentration piece uses prismatic lens, for the generation of Moire fringe, all obtained evaluation result of equal value.This means for lens Morie fringe whether occurs and be subjected to the influence of lens arrangement less, but mainly depend on lenticular spacing.
In addition, compare with hyperbolic curve cylindrical lens sheet, prismatic lens provides higher brightness, and itself and lenticular spacing have nothing to do.Its reason with reference to Fig. 6 as mentioned above.On the other hand, compare with prismatic lens, use hyperbolic curve cylindrical lens sheet to obtain bigger visual angle, itself and lenticular spacing have nothing to do.This is because the shape difference of lens apex causes.
[reflective polarizer element] with diffusion function
Next, use the reflective polarizer element with diffusion function " DBEFD " shown in Figure 16, construct LCD by it is made up with the display panels with various pel spacings with the concentration piece with various lenticular spacings as diffusion sheet.Figure 31 and 32 has shown " (the H/Tt) (P of this moment
P/ P) " value, evaluation result, front brightness measured value and the visual angle measured value that Moire fringe is taken place.
Should be noted that in the embodiment shown in Figure 31 and 32, arrive in " sample 26-12 ", use prismatic lens, arrive in " sample 26-24 ", use hyperbolic curve cylindrical lens sheet as concentration piece at " sample 26-13 " as concentration piece at " sample 26-1 ".
As shown in Figure 31, be 320 μ m at pel spacing, lenticular spacing is to have observed Moire fringe in the situation of 350 μ m." (H/Tt) (P at this moment
P/ P) " value be 1.59.
The reflective polarizing resolution element that has diffusion function by use can obtain bigger raising as diffusion sheet with regard to the front brightness aspect.The reflective polarizing resolution element is known as brightness widely and is improved film, and uses this element can improve the front brightness of LCD.
Claims (12)
1. LCD, it comprises:
Display panels;
Be arranged on the light source on one side of display panels rear surface;
Be arranged on the optical sheet with optically focused characteristic between display panels and the light source, this optical sheet has a plurality of irregular structures that are arranged on continuously on the optical sheet first type surface; With
Be arranged on the diffusion sheet between display panels and the optical sheet,
Wherein, when the arrangement pitches of the irregular structure of optical sheet is P[μ m], the fuzzy value of diffusion sheet is H[%], the total light transmission of diffusion sheet is Tt[%], the pel spacing of display panels is P
PWhen [μ m], satisfy relation of plane down:
(H/Tt)·(P
P/P)≥1.6。
2. the manufacture method of an optical sheet, it is used to make the optical sheet with optically focused characteristic that is used in combination with display panels and diffusion sheet, and this optical sheet has a plurality of irregular structures that are arranged on continuously on the optical sheet first type surface, and this method comprises:
Determine the upper limit of the arrangement pitches P of irregular structure according to following formula, wherein, the arrangement pitches of the irregular structure of optical sheet is P[μ m], the fuzzy value of diffusion sheet is H[%], the total light transmission of diffusion sheet is Tt[%], the pel spacing of display panels is P
P[μ m]:
P≤(H·P
P)/(1.6Tt)。
3. optical sheet that is used in combination with display panels and diffusion sheet with optically focused characteristic, it comprises a plurality of irregular structures that are arranged on continuously on the optical sheet first type surface,
Wherein, when the arrangement pitches of the irregular structure of optical sheet is P[μ m], the fuzzy value of diffusion sheet is H[%], the total light transmission of diffusion sheet is Tt[%], the pel spacing of display panels is P
PWhen [μ m], satisfy relation of plane down:
P≤(H·P
P)/(1.6Tt)。
4. optical sheet according to claim 3, wherein:
The arrangement pitches of described irregular structure (P) is not less than 110 μ m.
5. optical sheet according to claim 3, wherein:
Described irregular structure is the prism element of triangular cross-sectional shape.
6. optical sheet according to claim 3, wherein:
Described irregular structure is the cylindrical lens element with hyperbolic curve or parabolic surface; And
When the Z axle is parallel to the normal direction of optical sheet, X-axis is in the orientation of cylindrical lens element the time, the formula below the shape of cross section of cylindrical lens element satisfies:
Wherein, R is the radius-of-curvature [μ m] at place, summit, and K is a conic constant.
7. optical sheet according to claim 3, wherein:
Described irregular structure is to have the aspheric cylindrical lens element of high-order; And
When the Z axle is parallel to the normal direction of optical sheet, and X-axis is in the orientation of cylindrical lens element the time, the formula below the shape of cross section of cylindrical lens element satisfies:
Wherein, R is the radius-of-curvature [μ m] at place, summit, and K is a conic constant, and A, B, C... are the aspheric surface coefficients.
8. optical sheet according to claim 3 wherein, also comprises the projection on another first type surface that is arranged on optical sheet, and described another first type surface is relative with the first type surface that it is provided with irregular structure,
Its protrusions so is provided with, and promptly in the situation that does not form irregular structure, the fuzzy value of optical sheet is not more than 60%.
9. optical sheet according to claim 8,
Wherein its mean pitch that is provided with the surface of irregular structure is not more than 0.25rad.
10. optical sheet according to claim 3,
Wherein the outer shape of irregular structure periodically or at random changes.
11. optical sheet according to claim 10,
Wherein outer shape is the height of irregular structure.
12. optical sheet according to claim 3, wherein:
Described irregular structure is the prism element of triangular cross-sectional shape; And
The chamfered portion of described prism element forms different inclination angles.
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| JP2005159691 | 2005-05-31 | ||
| JP159691/2005 | 2005-05-31 | ||
| JP102260/2006 | 2006-04-03 |
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| CN101907734A (en) * | 2009-06-07 | 2010-12-08 | 索尼公司 | Diffusion sheet and manufacture method thereof, backlight and liquid crystal indicator |
| CN101561119B (en) * | 2008-04-16 | 2012-04-04 | 乐金显示有限公司 | Backlight unit and liquid crystal display module including the same |
| CN102598891A (en) * | 2009-07-16 | 2012-07-18 | Lg化学株式会社 | Electrical conductor and a production method therefor |
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| CN101907734B (en) * | 2009-06-07 | 2014-12-10 | 索尼公司 | Diffusion sheet and method of manufacturing the same, backlight, and liquid crystal display device |
| CN101907734A (en) * | 2009-06-07 | 2010-12-08 | 索尼公司 | Diffusion sheet and manufacture method thereof, backlight and liquid crystal indicator |
| CN102598891B (en) * | 2009-07-16 | 2015-11-25 | Lg化学株式会社 | Electric conductor and manufacture method thereof |
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| CN104698518A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-06-10 | 江苏双星彩塑新材料股份有限公司 | Prismatic lens, backlight module adopting prismatic lens and liquid crystal display |
| CN109459853A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2019-03-12 | 矢崎总业株式会社 | Backlight unit and head-up display equipment |
| CN108957841A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-07 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display device |
| CN111383186A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-07 | Tcl集团股份有限公司 | Image processing method and device and terminal equipment |
| CN114761843A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2022-07-15 | 脸谱科技有限责任公司 | Lens assembly with circular reflective polarizer |
| CN115576132A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2023-01-06 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Display device and method for manufacturing optical film |
| CN115576132B (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2024-03-19 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Display device and method for manufacturing optical film |
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