CN101055325B - Optical sheet, back-light device and liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Optical sheet, back-light device and liquid crystal display device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101055325B
CN101055325B CN2007100969072A CN200710096907A CN101055325B CN 101055325 B CN101055325 B CN 101055325B CN 2007100969072 A CN2007100969072 A CN 2007100969072A CN 200710096907 A CN200710096907 A CN 200710096907A CN 101055325 B CN101055325 B CN 101055325B
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China
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substrate
light
liquid crystal
film
optical sheet
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CN2007100969072A
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CN101055325A (en
Inventor
太田荣治
安孙子透
小田桐广和
土井克浩
青木诚
浅冈聪子
须藤美贵
余泽中
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Sony Corp
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Sony Corp
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Abstract

The present invention provides an optical sheet (14) which includes: a light-transmissive base; and an optical functional layer provided to at least one surface of the base, in which the base is composed of a stack of transmissive sheets bonded while placing an adhesive material layer in between.

Description

Optical sheet, back lighting device and liquid crystal indicator
The cross reference of related application
The application is contained on April 14th, 2006 to the Japanese patent application JP 2006-112387 of Jap.P. office submission and the theme of JP 2006-112715, and its full content is hereby expressly incorporated by reference.
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used as usually the printing opacity optical sheet of liquid crystal indicator functional membrane, and the back lighting device and the liquid crystal indicator that are provided with this optical sheet.
Background technology
Compare with cathode ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal indicator (LCD) has bigger reduction power consumption and littler thinner potentiality, and at present, the liquid crystal indicator of various sizes is widely used in the mini-plant such as mobile phone and digital camera, and large-scale liquid crystal TV set.In this case, require liquid crystal indicator further to improve brightness, visual angle, add fast-response, and good sharpness.
Liquid crystal indicator is divided into transmission-type and reflection-type.Specifically, transmissive liquid crystal display device has display panels, and it is by being contained in the liquid crystal layer between a pair of transparency carrier and constituting as the back light unit of light source of illumination.Back light unit is divided into full run-down type and side edge type, and wherein, full run-down type has directly and the light source of the adjacent setting of display panels.
Be used for the back light unit of liquid crystal indicator, optical sheet or blooming are (for example, the concentration piece (beam-condensing sheet) that comprises prismatic lens or lens) be intended to align light transmit direction from the light source to the place ahead, and diffusion sheet is intended to improve brightness uniformity from the light of light source (referring to Japanese Patent Application Publication 2006-72249 number (document 1)).
Fig. 8 shows the common back light unit that is used for liquid crystal indicator.In Fig. 8, reference number 101 expression light sources, 102 expression reflecting plates, 103 expression prismatic lenses, and 104 expression diffusion sheets.Prismatic lens 103 is made of the prism 103a that has gable in a large number, and this prismatic lens 103 is arranged in emission side.Prismatic lens 103 by make from light source 101 enter wherein light beam and on reflector plate 102 beam reflected these light beams are assembled forwardly in the refraction of the inclined-plane of the prism 103a of prismatic lens and pass their transmissions.On the other hand, light beam scattering on polarizers of big angle scope that diffusion sheet 104 is assembled prismatic lens 103, and make its emission so that brightness uniformity.
Be shaped by monolithic molding or transfer printing, on the substrate surface of predetermined thickness, form the prismatic lens that prismatic lens is made correlation technique.Monolithic molding comprises hot-pressing processing and the melted extrusion modeling (fusion-extrusion molding) that uses PET (polyethylene terephthalate) or PC (polycarbonate) resin.For example, transfer printing is shaped the layers of prisms that generally is made of ultraviolet-curing resin is solidified, thereby makes it be attached to resin sheet.
For example, Japanese Patent Application Publication Hei 06-102507 number (document 2) has described by (it has the prism that massive parallel is arranged on a first type surface in that the printing opacity lens coating is set between light source and the liquid crystal panel, and on another first type surface, have shiny surface) improve positive panel luminance, so that align in the normal direction of liquid crystal panel from the light beam of light emitted.Document 2 has also been described the prism pitch on the lens coating has been adjusted to 100 μ m or littler, to prevent by the caused Moire fringe of the interference of pel spacing on the panel.
In the said lens film, showing the behavior that will accumulate in from the light beam of light source on the liquid crystal panel normal direction on the prism inclined-plane that forms on the lens coating, and irrelevant with prism pitch in theory.Yet, in manufacture process, in fact be difficult to stably form through showing as the prism apex and the base angle of complete edge for a long time.Therefore, above-mentioned summit and base angle will be rounded off to a certain degree, so that the cavetto part can not be used to improve front face brightness.Thereby, all will cause the increase of cavetto part by narrow down any effort of preventing Moire fringe of the prism pitch with lens coating, and the bigger ratio brightness that can not obtain aspiration level strengthens.Equally, make cavetto partly form the situation on summit, strengthen by the brightness that any effort of preventing Moire fringe also all can not obtain aspiration level similarly that narrows down of the prism pitch with lens coating for having a mind to.
Japanese Patent Application Publication Hei 06-102506 (patent documentation 3) has described by the printing opacity lens coating (prism that has the massive parallel layout on an one first type surface is being set between light source and the liquid crystal panel, and on its another first type surface, have even surface) and further between lens coating and liquid crystal panel, scattering film is set, prevent the Moire fringe that causes owing to the interference between the pel spacing that forms a large amount of prisms and liquid crystal panel therein, and improve front panel brightness.
Yet, according to the characteristic of scattering film, the brightness enhancing that scattering film sometimes can not obtain aspiration level being set between lens coating and liquid crystal panel, this is because can not use the light beam of being assembled by prism effectively.
The known method of making the said lens film comprises based on (1) die casting, (2) hot pressing, (3) UV handles, and the method for the extrusion modling of (4) thermoplastic resin, wherein, handle and the method for the extrusion modling of (4) thermoplastic resin helps boosting productivity based on (3) UV, and extrusion modling also more helps improving speed of production.Angle from cost, because handling, UV needs expensive ultraviolet-curing resin (UV resin), and therefore the expensive film that needs use such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film only needs the extrusion modling processing of cheap thermoplastic resin to be considered to best manufacture method as substrate.
Summary of the invention
In recent years, in the liquid crystal TV field, the trend that exists screen size to increase day by day, thereby, require to increase size by the optical sheet of prismatic lens representative.
Normally used optical sheet has the thickness of 200 μ m to 300 μ m, and there are the problem of rigidity or hardness level deficiency in those optical sheets with 50 inches or above screen size, makes to cause distortion, and is difficult to it is carried out suitable processing.In addition, can predict and reduce the processibility that the optical sheet rigidity may reduce back lighting device or liquid crystal display device assembly, so that it is more likely owing to heat backlight causes distortion.This can cause the interference to the optically focused characteristic, and therefore can reduce picture quality.
Another kind of possible method can be the substrate that thickening constitutes prismatic lens, but super thick substrate meeting is difficult to carry out the global formation of layers of prisms.
Conceived the present invention after considering the problems referred to above, and a kind of optical sheet, back lighting device and liquid crystal indicator that can prevent the sheet distortion that the expansion owing to chip size causes is provided.
On the other hand, exist the demand that reduces power consumption along with progressively enlarging of screen size, increase can effectively using the demand of the liquid crystal indicator of light beam, and the demand that also will satisfy other characteristic.
Yet, in the process of the prism solid of the lens coating that is formed for liquid crystal indicator, because be difficult to mfg. moulding die or be difficult to make the complete transfer printing of prism solid, so the summit will be rounded off, make owing to aforesaidly reduced spotlight effect and can not obtain the front face brightness of aspiration level.When prism pitch was very little, this phenomenon became more obvious.
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of liquid crystal indicator that can in the front face brightness that realizes aspiration level, suppress Moire fringe.
Optical sheet according to the embodiment of the invention has: light-transparent substrate; And optical functional layer, be arranged at least one surface of substrate, wherein, substrate is made of bonding light transmission piece lamination, and bonding material layer is arranged at therebetween.
Because the optical sheet substrate according to the embodiment of the invention is made of bonding light transmission piece lamination, and bonding material layer is arranged at therebetween, so, can be according to the gross thickness of any trimmer of thickness of the sheet that will pile up.Therefore,, also suitable rigidity or hardness can be guaranteed, thereby distortion can be prevented even chip size enlarges.
Lamination can be made of with second substrate relative with first substrate first substrate of support of optical functional layer, and wherein, bonding material layer is arranged at therebetween.The material that constitutes first substrate and second substrate is not had particular restriction, but and application example comprise resin sheet, plastic plate and the glass plate that constitutes by polycarbonate, PET, acryl resin etc.
Optical functional layer can constitute by having a large amount of light collecting layers of continuously arranged jog in its surface.Should be noted that and except that above-mentioned light collecting layer, also comprise light scattering layer and polarized light separation layer.These optical functional layers participate in the predetermined adjustment of light, for example, and the separation of the gathering of incident beam, scattering, polarized light etc.Each jog all can be made of prism with triangular-section geometric configuration or the cylindrical lens assembly with hyperbolic curve face, para-curve face or the non-spherical of high-order.
Can use ultraviolet curing adhesive, contact adhesive, hot melt adhersive to dispose bonding material layer.Preferably, the refractive index of bonding material layer is equal to or less than the refractive index of first and second substrates.
Usually, under excessive ultraviolet ray irradiation, will cause resin material yellowing (yellowing).No longer keep the light-transfer characteristic of expectation so pass the light of its transmission in this case owing to be subjected to this painted influence of sheet.More specifically, the blue wavelength component that transmits in the light reduces.Thereby, add ultraviolet light absorber to yellowing that first and second substrates (more preferably, adding second substrate that more approaches light source to) can suppress to be shone by ultraviolet ray caused substrate.
Here, also allow to replace ultraviolet light absorber or with ultraviolet light absorber, blue dyes adds bonding material layer to.Thereby, can proofread and correct the painted of first substrate or optical functional layer, thereby, can prevent to pass the change (modulation) of the light of sheet transmission.
In order to suppress to pile up the distortion of sheet afterwards, preferably, consider the molecular orientation of first and second substrates.More specifically, the angle that forms between the direction of each sheet substrate molecular orientation is set to 20 ° or littler.The thickness of each sheet substrate is equated or adopt the one of sheets substrate to account for the most structure of sheet gross thickness, the sheet distortion is also very effective for suppressing.
By corase grind and surface towards second surperficial relative substrate of first substrate, can suppress the scratch that causes by rubbing contact, perhaps contingent adhesion to other parts in the processing of liquid crystal indicator backlight assembly has suppressed the reduction of brightness simultaneously.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of liquid crystal indicator, and it comprises: light source; First film has a plurality of lens that are set to an one first type surface; Second film has scattering function at least; And liquid crystal panel, they are with this sequence stack.In this device, the haze value (%) of the lenticular spacing P of first film (μ m), second film that measure to obtain by backscattering and the pel spacing P of total light transmittance T (%) and liquid crystal panel P(μ m) satisfies the relation of H/TPp/P＞1.6 and P 〉=110 μ m.
Preferably, can revise this device, the haze value (%) of second film that make the lenticular spacing P (μ m) of the film of winning, measure to obtain by backscattering and the pel spacing P of total light transmittance T (%) and liquid crystal panel P(μ m) satisfies H/TPp/P＞1.9, and the relation of P 〉=110 μ m.
Can revise this device, make second film be preferably reflective polaroid or scattering film, have the layer of scattering function layer or have the bonding material layer of scattering function.
In this embodiment, lens preferably form the cross-sectional geometry with prismatic, hyperbolic curve or aspherical profile, and on nearly column direction (near-columnar direction) or column direction the different lens arra of lens sizes.
In this embodiment, preferably, when comparing between the measured haze value when the measured haze value and the second film surface that is arranged on emitting side when second film is attached in the liquid crystal panel are set to the plane of incidence when the second film surface that is arranged on light source side when second film is attached in the liquid crystal panel is set to the plane of incidence, second film with scattering function is used as the film that different mist degree scattering functions are shown.
In this embodiment, preferably, when comparing between the measured haze value when the measured haze value and the second film surface that is arranged on light source side when second film is attached in the liquid crystal panel are set to the plane of incidence when the second film surface that is arranged on emitting side when second film is attached in the liquid crystal panel is set to the plane of incidence, second film with scattering function is that the former film greater than the latter's scattering function is shown.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic sectional view that illustrates according to the liquid crystal indicator structure of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B are the skeleton views as the concentration piece representative configuration of optical sheet that illustrates according to first embodiment of the invention, wherein, Fig. 2 A shows the embodiment based on the prism structure jog that has as light collecting layer, and Fig. 2 B shows the embodiment based on the cylindrical lens jog that has as light collecting layer;
Fig. 3 is the example cross section according to the concentration piece of first embodiment, first example (1-1);
Fig. 4 illustrates the experimental result diagrammatic sketch that concerns between the sheet thickness and rigidity under the condition that the arrangement pitches that is illustrated in jog is adjusted to 200 μ m;
Fig. 5 is the example cross section according to the concentration piece of first embodiment, second example (1-2);
Fig. 6 is the example cross section according to the concentration piece of first embodiment the 3rd example (1-3);
Fig. 7 is the example cross section according to the concentration piece of first embodiment the 4th example (1-4);
Fig. 8 is the diagrammatic sketch of the prismatic lens operation in the explanation correlation technique back light unit;
Fig. 9 is the sectional view that illustrates according to the liquid crystal indicator representative configuration of first example (2-1) of second embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is the perspective schematic view that the first film representative configuration is shown;
Figure 11 is the synoptic diagram that the representative configuration of the film forming device that forms first film is shown;
Figure 12 is the synoptic diagram that illustrates according to the liquid crystal indicator representative configuration of second embodiment, second example (2-2);
Figure 13 is the synoptic diagram that illustrates according to the liquid crystal indicator representative configuration of second embodiment the 3rd example (2-3); And
Figure 14 illustrates the curve map that concerns between lenticular spacing and the relative front face brightness value.
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing, following paragraph will illustrate each embodiment of first embodiment of the invention.
(first embodiment)
(example 1-1)
Fig. 1 schematically shows the sectional view of the representative configuration of liquid crystal indicator 10 according to an embodiment of the invention.At first, will the structure of liquid crystal indicator 10 be described schematically.
As shown in Figure 1, liquid crystal indicator 10 has back light unit 1 and display panels 2.The back light unit 1 that is expressed as Staight downward type backlight in this example can be side edge type.
As shown in Figure 1, back light unit 1 is used for providing to display panels 2 light of adjustment, and the back side that is in close proximity to display panels 2 directly is provided with this back light unit.Display panels 2 is by the light that provided by back light unit 1 display message thereon is provided with time correlation and space correlation mode.Display panels 2 has and is separately positioned on two lip-deep Polarizer 2a, 2b.Polarizer 2a and Polarizer 2b only make in the cross-polarized light component of incident light pass, and by absorption another component are ended.For example, Polarizer 2a and Polarizer 2b are set, so that its axis of homology is orthogonal.
Liquid crystal indicator 2 has the horizontal and vertical a plurality of pixels of arranging with preset space length at panel, and by according to pixels controlling the transmittance by the light of back light unit 1 irradiation, makes on its front to show predetermined image.Here the image of Xian Shiing is a coloured image, but is not limited thereto certainly.
As shown in Figure 1, back light unit 1 has reflecting plate 11, light source 12, scatter plate 13, concentration piece 14, diffusion sheet 17 and reflective polaroid 18 usually.Any other optical element can also be set except that these parts.If desired, can omit scatter plate 13, diffusion sheet 17 and reflective polaroid 18, perhaps change puts in order.
Light source 12 is used for light is offered display panels 2, and a plurality of light sources are set in the example shown, and for example by fluorescent light (FL), electroluminescence (EL) element, light emitting diode formations such as (LED).
Reflecting plate 11 is set,, is used for reflecting from the light of light source 12 emissions, and light is guided to display panels 2 in bottom and sidepiece to cover the bottom and the sidepiece of light source 12.
Scatter plate 13 is arranged on light source 12 tops, and is used for scattering from the light of light source 12 emissions and the light that reflects at reflecting plate 11, so that brightness is even.The scatter plate 13 that uses in this embodiment is for having the relative thicker plate of the optical scatter that is dispersed in the light transmissive material.
Concentration piece 14 is corresponding to optical sheet according to the present invention, and for example improves the directivity of irradiates light by it being arranged on scatter plate 13 tops.The detailed construction of concentration piece 14 will be described after a while.
Diffusion sheet 17 is arranged on concentration piece 14 tops, and is used to make the light that has improved directivity by concentration piece 14 to pass it after the predetermined angular range inscattering to launch.For example, the diffusion sheet 17 of Cai Yonging is provided with scattering surface in this embodiment, and this scattering surface has on the light emitting surface side of light transmission piece substrate and has light scattering irregular structure etc.
Reflective polaroid 18 is arranged on diffusion sheet 17 tops, and is used for only making one by the cross-polarized light component of the light of diffusion sheet 17 scatterings to pass wherein, and reflects another polarisation component.The direction of vibration that passes the polarisation component of reflective polaroid 18 transmissions is set to be parallel to the axis of homology of the Polarizer 2a that is provided with on the light incident side of display panels 2.
Ensuing paragraph will be described the structure of concentration piece of the present invention (optical sheet) 14 in detail.
Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B are the skeleton views that schematically shows according to the exemplary geometric structure of the concentration piece 14 of the embodiment of the invention.Concentration piece 14 has approximate rectangular sheet geometry, and on the first type surface (light-emitting area) of light-transparent substrate 14B, dispose prismatic lens or lens, wherein, prismatic lens or lens have a large amount of jog 14C with light-focusing function that go up continuous layout in a direction (directions X among the figure).Jog 14C is corresponding to " optical functional layer " of the present invention, and with reference to optical functional layer case description the present invention for the light collecting layer that constitutes by jog 14C.
Concentration piece 14 shown in Fig. 2 A is for having the lip-deep prismatic lens 14 that forms the prism assemblies 14P that has the triangular-section in a large number of above-mentioned jog that is arranged in its light emitting side.Concentration piece 14 shown in Fig. 2 B is for having the lip-deep lens 14 that forms the cylindrical lens assemblies 14L that has hyperbolic curve face, para-curve face or the non-spherical of high-order in a large number of jog that is arranged in its light emitting side.
The cross-sectional geometry of prism assemblies 14P is the isosceles triangle with 90 ° of drift angles in this example, and wherein, drift angle is not limited to 90 °.In addition, do not limit prism height, spacing etc. especially yet, and can suitably determine according to object brightness characteristic, viewing angle characteristic etc.The particular instance of arrangement pitch comprises 10 μ m, 15 μ m, 30 μ m, 50 μ m, 80 μ m, 100 μ m, 110 μ m, 160 μ m, 200 μ m, 300 μ m, 350 μ m etc.Bigger spacing arrangement causes the higher brightness characteristic.
On the other hand, suppose that the Z axle is parallel to the direction of normal on the optical sheet, X-axis be cylindrical lens assemblies row to, and Y-axis is the generatrix direction of cylindrical lens assemblies 14L, then cylindrical lens assemblies 14L forms and has the symmetrical hyperbolic curve that satisfies equation (1) or the transversal geometric configuration of parabolic outlines, with the limited focal length of the emitting side that is given in illumination light:
Z＝X 2/(R+√(R 2-(1+K)X 2)) (1)
Wherein, R represents the radius-of-curvature [μ m] of terminal vertex, and K represents conic constant.Should be noted that the symbol " √ " that uses is meant the square root of the value of determining by numeral expression formula thereafter in this patent specification.
In another case, suppose that Z axle, X-axis and Y-axis and above-mentioned situation are similar, cylindrical lens assemblies 14L forms the transversal geometric configuration with the left-right symmetric aspherical profile that satisfies equation (2), with the limited focal length of the emitting side that is given in illumination light:
Z＝X 2/(R+√(R 2-(1+K)X 2))+AX 4+BX 5+CX 6+... (2)
Wherein, R represents the radius-of-curvature [μ m] of terminal vertex, and K represents conic constant, and among A, B, the C... each is all represented asphericity coefficient.
Do not limit the height, spacing of cylindrical lens assemblies 14L etc. especially, and can suitably determine according to object brightness characteristic, viewing angle characteristic etc.The particular instance of cylindrical lens assemblies 14L arrangement pitches is identical with the example of above-mentioned prism assemblies, comprises 10 μ m, 15 μ m, 30 μ m, 50 μ m, 80 μ m, 100 μ m, 110 μ m, 160 μ m, 200 μ m, 300 μ m, 350 μ m etc.Bigger spacing arrangement causes the higher brightness characteristic.
Fig. 3 is the schematic sectional view of concentration piece 14.The concentration piece 14 of this embodiment has light-transparent substrate 14B and goes up the jog 14C of formation in a side (light emitting surface) of substrate 14B first type surface, and wherein, substrate 14B is made of the lamination of bonding light transmission piece, and between these light transmission piece bonding material layer 20 is set.Particularly, in this embodiment, substrate 14B is made of with the second slice substrate 22 relative with first substrate 21 first substrate 21 supporting jog 14C, and bonding material layer 20 is set between them.By this configuration, area increases even concentration piece 14 is along with the expansion of screen size, also can guarantee the sheet rigidity of necessary level, thereby, can improve processibility.
First substrate 21 is configured to the basic unit of jog 14C, and with the material formation identical or different with the material that constitutes jog 14C.More specifically, on a first type surface of first substrate 21, form jog 14C, they are integrated together, perhaps form jog 14C and first substrate 21 simultaneously by melt-extruded forming processes by extrusion process.Under another situation, jog 14C is made of ultraviolet-curing resin, and it is solidificated in first substrate 21, is transferred to first substrate 21 then.
Do not limit the material that constitutes first and second substrates 21 and 22 especially, as long as their printing opacities, applicable example comprises polycarbonate, PET, PEN and acryl resin.First and second substrates 21 not only can be made of identical resin material with 22, but also can be made of the material that differs from one another.Second substrate 22 can be made of the plate such as plastic plate or glass plate.For the situation that is made of first and second substrates 21 and 22 resin sheet, resin sheet can be for extending (oriented) sheet or not having extension (casted) sheet.Extendible flake can be uniaxial extension type or twin shaft extension type.
Do not limit the thickness of first and second substrates 21 and 22 especially.Can suitably select the thickness of each sheet, make the target thickness to obtain sheet after piling up usually in the scope of 50 μ m to 500 μ m, wherein, comprise two end points.Consider the distortion that prevents substrate 14B after pile up, preferably, the thickness of first and second substrates 21 and 22 is equal to each other, perhaps adopt the thickness of a sheet substrate to account for the structure of the major part of sheet gross thickness.
The exemplary cases that is made of same material for first and second substrates 21 and 22 can be by the thickness that makes these sheet substrates identically suppresses distortion.On the other hand, situation about being made of different materials for first and second substrates 21 and 22 is even also can deform under the situation of same thickness.In this case, preferably, come equilibrium thickness according to the combination of material.Constitute by polycarbonate and second exemplary cases that substrate 22 is made of polyethylene terephthalate for first substrate 21, the thickness ratio of first substrate 21 and second substrate 22 is adjusted to about 6: 4.
According to the arrangement pitches of jog 14C, the rigidity of first substrate 21 also changes.More specifically, under the certain situation of sheet thickness, the rigidity in the jog 14C orientation (directions X) becomes big along with lenticular spacing and reduces.Therefore, according to the arrangement pitches of jog 14C,, the rigidity of concentration piece 14 can be remained to proper level by making the thickness optimization of first substrate 21 and second substrate 22.
In order to suppress concentration piece 14 distortion, preferably, consider the molecular orientation of first and second substrates.More specifically, the angle that forms between the direction of the molecular orientation of each sheet substrate is set to 20 ° or littler.
Can use ultraviolet curing adhesive, contact adhesive, hot-melt adhesive to dispose bonding material layer 20, and the kind of jointing material is not particularly limited.In addition, be not particularly limited the thickness of bonding material layer 20, and usually it be adjusted into 1 μ m to 100 μ m, comprise two end points.
For the situation of using ultraviolet curing adhesive configuration bonding material layer 20, can shine cure adhesive by making ultraviolet radiation pass first substrate 21 or passing second substrate 22.For the situation of using hot-melt adhesive configuration bonding material layer 20, can can be suppressed at the thermal deformation of sheet in the adhesion process at the bonding agent of the temperature fusing of the glass transition point (Tg) that is lower than jog 14C and first and second substrates 21 and 22 by using.Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA: Tg=40 ℃) is the known embodiment of this hotmelt.
The effect of the relaxation layer by bonding material layer 20 being played prevent to be applied to machinery on the concentration piece 14 substrate 14B and thermal stress can suppress the distortion of concentration piece 14, makes it can keep stable optical characteristics.For making bonding material layer 20 play the situation of the effect of pressure relaxation layer, preferably, use and dispose bonding material layer 20 than the softer material of material that is used for first and second substrates 21 and 22.
On the other hand, also do not limit the refractive index of bonding material layer 20 especially, wherein, preferably, consider and improve the optically focused characteristic, make refractive index be equal to or less than the refractive index of first and second substrates 21 and 22.The exemplary cases that are made of polycarbonate resin (refractive index is 1.58) for first and second substrates 21 and 22 can dispose bonding material layer 20 by the acrylic acid ultraviolet-curing resin that use has 1.5 left and right sides refractive indexes.
In the concentration piece 14 of this embodiment that so disposes, constitute by the lamination of bonding first and second substrates 21 and 22 as the substrate 14B of the basic unit that supports jog 14C, and bonding material layer 20 is set betwixt, make the gross thickness that can come any trimmer according to the thickness of these sheet substrates 21 and 22.By this configuration, even chip size enlarges, this sheet also can guarantee the rigidity or the hardness of proper level, and can prevent distortion.
Fig. 4 is the diagrammatic sketch that is illustrated in the experimental result that concerns between the expression sheet thickness and rigidity under the situation that arrangement pitches with jog is adjusted into 200 μ m.In the figure, square points is illustrated in prism vertical (crestal line direction) and goes up the bending resistance stiffness of measuring, and the triangle form point is illustrated in the bending resistance stiffness that prism Width (orientation) is gone up measurement.Can find that vertically the bending resistance stiffness on is greater than the bending resistance stiffness on the Width.Can also find, vertically and the bending resistance stiffness on the Width all increase along with the increase of sheet thickness.From this example, can obviously find out, can easily obtain the rigidity of aspiration level by the thickness of adjusting concentration piece 14 substrate 14B.
Thereby another advantage is because the not enough distortion that prevents concentration piece 14 of rigidity, processibility during the feasible assembly that can improve back light unit 1 or liquid crystal indicator 10 is handled, and because concentration piece 14 is attached in the back light unit 1, thereby prevented the reduction of optically focused characteristic, suppressed the unsuitable attitude of deflection, ripple etc. simultaneously.Can also keep stable optically focused characteristic to suppress simultaneously, and prevent to reduce picture quality by the caused distortion of heat backlight.
(example 1-2)
Fig. 5 shows example 1-2 of the present invention.Should be noted that corresponding to arbitrary parts of describing among above-mentioned first embodiment all with given identical reference number, to avoid repeat specification.
Usually, the resin material such as polycarbonate can cause jaundice under excessive ultraviolet ray irradiation.Owing to be subjected to this painted influence of sheet, pass wherein light in this case and can not keep the light-transfer characteristic expected again.More specifically, when the jaundice of sheet becomes serious, reduced the blue wavelength component in the light that transmits, thereby, be presented at the image jaundice on the display panels 2.
Therefore, in this embodiment, add ultraviolet light absorber in first substrate 21 constituting concentration piece 14 substrate 14B and second substrate 22 at least one or two, to suppress the jaundice of above-mentioned concentration piece 14.Structure shown in Fig. 5 represents ultraviolet light absorber is added to the exemplary cases of second substrate 22.
Situation about being made of ultraviolet curing adhesive for bonding material layer 20 is because bonding agent needs to solidify, so add ultraviolet light absorber in first and second substrates 21 and 22 any one.Preferably, shown in this example,, can suppress the jaundice of concentration piece 14 generally by ultraviolet light absorber being added into second substrate 22 of more close light source.On the contrary, not situation about constituting for bonding material layer 20 by ultraviolet curing adhesive, ultraviolet light absorber can be added into first and second substrates 21 and 22.
The example of ultraviolet light absorber comprises salicyl, the Benzophenone base, the benzotriazole base, and the ultraviolet light absorber of alpha-cyanoacrylate ester group, and specifically comprise ADK STABLA-31, ADK STAB LA-32 (from ADEKA company), Cyasorb UV-5411 (from Sun Chemical company limited), Tinuvin P, Tinuvin 234, Tinuvin320, Tinuvin 327 (from Ciba Geigy company), Sumisorb 110, Sumisorb140 (from Sumitomo Chemical company limited), Kemisorb 110, Kemisorb140, Kemisorb 12, Kemisorb 13 (from Chemipro Kasei Kaisha company limited), Uvinul X-19, Uvinul Ms-40 (from BASF), Tomisorb 100, Tomisorb 600 (from Yoshitomiyakuhin company), and Viosorb-80 and Viosorb-90 (from Kyodo Chemical company limited).The example of light stabilizer comprises the light stabilizer of the amido that is obstructed, and specifically comprises ADK STAB LA-52 (from ADEKA company), Sanol LS-770, Sanol LS-765, Sanol LS-774 (from Sankyo company limited) and Sumisorb TM-061 (from Sumitomo Chemical company limited).
Preferably, the amount of adding the ultraviolet light absorber of sheet substrate to is adjusted to 0.02wt% or above and 0.4wt% or following scope.Addition will cause suppressing the failure of tonal variation less than 0.02wt%.On the other hand, addition will make the sheet substrate turn to be yellow undesirably above 0.4wt%.In addition, except that ultraviolet light absorber, can also add other adjuvant such as light stabilizer, antioxidant, antistatic agent etc.
Here, also allow to replace or add blue dyes to bonding material layer together with sheet substrate 21 that is added with ultraviolet light absorber and 22 configuration.Therefore, can proofread and correct the painted of first substrate or optical functional layer, thereby, can prevent that the light that passes the sheet transmission from changing.
(example 1-3)
Fig. 6 shows example 1-3 of the present invention.Should be noted that in the figure, corresponding to arbitrary parts of describing among above-mentioned first embodiment with given identical reference number, to avoid repeat specification.
The concentration piece 14 of this example has rough surface 14R in the beam incident surface side of concentration piece 14 (that is, with on second substrate 22 surface of first substrate 21 surface opposite).By the uneven surface 14R of concentration piece 14 is set in its beam incident surface side, can reduce reflection of light rate from light source side incident, thereby, can improve light characteristic.Because the rubbing contact with other parts is scratched in its beam incident surface side so can prevent concentration piece 14.Uneven surface 14R is also owing to the adhesion that reduces to help to prevent itself and other parts of contact area.
The transfer surface of mould that can be by will being used to form concentration piece 14 (especially second base portion 22) is provided with similar uneven surface, and in forming processes this pattern transfer to the second substrate 22 is formed uneven surface 14R.Can also so obtain uneven surface in the back side of second substrate 22 of formation by sandblast or etching.
Can trickle irregularly construct above-mentioned uneven surface by what on second substrate 22 back side, form.Do not limit the height of protuberance especially, but preferably, adjust to the 0.20 μ m that is higher than average central plane (JIS B0601-1994) or more than.Preferably, the density with the protuberance that is higher than average central plane 0.20 μ m or above height drops on 70/mm 2Or above and 400/mm 2Or in the following scope.By protuberance density is adjusted to 70/mm 2Or more than, can improve because fuzzy with the caused outward appearance of interference of the flat that is arranged on the diffusion sheet 13 on concentration piece 14 rear side.By protuberance density is adjusted to 400/mm 2Or below, can suppress by the reduction of the caused liquid crystal indicator brightness of protuberance is set on concentration piece 14 rear side.
Be not limited to the mean distance that has between each adjacent projection that is higher than average central plane 0.20 μ m height especially, but for example, preferably it be adjusted into 50 μ m or above and 120 μ m or following.By the mean distance with protuberance be adjusted into 50 μ m or more than, can suppress by the reduction of the caused liquid crystal indicator brightness of protuberance is set on concentration piece 14 rear side.Be adjusted into 120 μ m or following by the mean distance with protuberance, the surface that can prevent diffusion sheet 13 is owing to contact the scratch that causes with the back side of concentration piece 14, and can improve owing to blur with the caused outward appearance of interference of the flat of diffusion sheet 13.
Preferably, on the back side of concentration piece 14 (beam incident surface), protuberance is set, be not more than 60% under the state that does not have jog 14C formed thereon, the mist degree of concentration piece is adjusted into, and more preferably, the mist degree of concentration piece be adjusted into be not more than 20%.In addition, preferably, the mean inclination that will have concentration piece 14 back sides of protuberance formed thereon is adjusted into 0.25rad or littler.
(example 1-4)
Fig. 7 shows example 1-4 of the present invention.Should be noted that corresponding to arbitrary parts of describing among above-mentioned first embodiment with given identical reference number, to avoid repeat specification.
Dispose the concentration piece 14 of this example, so that first substrate 21 and second substrate 22 are bonded to each other at this, and be provided with bonding material layer 20 betwixt, and first substrate 21 has different refractive indexes in crestal line direction (directions X among the figure) and the orientation (the Y direction among the figure) of jog 14C.
In this embodiment, the refractive index n x on the jog 14C crestal line direction is set to the (nx＞ny) greater than the refractive index n y in the jog 14C orientation.By the refractive index anisotropy in this plane being set to first substrate 21 with jog 14C, the polarisation component along the directions X vibration that comprises in incident beam can be used in the refraction transmission with the polarisation component that vibrates along the Y direction and differ from one another.Particularly, by it is defined as nx＞ny, that is, be set to greater than refractive index, can be set to along the transmissivity of the component of Y direction vibration greater than transmissivity along the component of directions X vibration along the component of Y direction vibration by refractive index along the component of directions X vibration.
Thereby, according to the concentration piece 14 of this embodiment, not only can obtain the optically focused effect of backlight beam (incident beam), can also obtain the polarized light centrifugation of specific degrees.Thereby, can improve brightness.
In a kind of manufacturing has aforesaid plane in the method for anisotropic first substrate 21, can improve the anisotropic predeterminated level of refractive index by first substrate 21 that orientation has a jog 14C formed thereon.For the situation of this example, use and in orientation direction, demonstrate the reduction refractive index materials, and first substrate 21 is directed on the crestal line direction of jog 14C.Along with refractive indices n in the plane (=nx-ny) increase, the more potent fruit of the brightness that can be improved.
Be illustrated on the orientation direction and reduce the refractive index materials example and comprise methacrylic resin, polystyrene, styrene acrylonitrile multipolymer (AS resin), styrene-methylmethacrylate copolymer and their potpourri such as polymethylmethacrylate.
On the other hand, also allow to use on orientation direction, to show the increase refractive index materials, reveal refractive index on jog 14C crestal line direction greater than the concentration piece 14 of the refractive index in orientation with allocation list.Be illustrated on the bearing of trend fluoride that increases the refractive index materials example and comprise polycarbonate, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyester, polyvinylidene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly-naphthalene ethene (PEN), they potpourri and such as the multipolymer of PET-PEN multipolymer.
Described the example of first embodiment of the invention, the invention is not restricted to these embodiment, but allowed various modifications based on technical spirit of the present invention.
For example, the foregoing description example has illustrated the optical sheet 14 as optical functional layer, and it is provided with the light collecting layer that has jog 14C on its light-emitting area.Yet, the invention is not restricted to this, and can be applicable to comprise any optical sheet such as other optical functional layer of polarized light separation layer.
Although do not have to mention in the example of the foregoing description especially about with the first bonding substrate 21 and the surface of second substrate 22, they can have the body structure surface of some type, and are not limited to the plane.For example,, can reduce interphase place reflection of light rate between bonding material layer 20 and first substrate 21 by also forming the uneven surface 14R that describes with reference to Fig. 5 on the surface of first bonding substrate 21, thereby, brightness can be improved.Also allow also on surface, to form prism structure, so that it shows predetermined optical function with first bonding substrate 21.
Two sheets by first and second substrates 21 and 22 pile up the substrate 14B that disposes the concentration piece of describing in the foregoing description 14, wherein, the quantity of stack layer can for 3 or more than.
Next, the example of second embodiment of the invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.In the institute drawings attached relevant with the example of embodiment, any identical or corresponding components is with given identical reference number below should be noted that.
(second embodiment)
(example 2-1)
(2-1-1) structure of liquid crystal indicator
Fig. 9 shows the exemplary configurations according to the liquid crystal indicator of second embodiment of the invention.Liquid crystal indicator has light source 101; First film 102 is arranged on the light source 101; Second film 103 is arranged on first film 102; And liquid crystal panel 104, be arranged on second film 103.
Light source 101 is used for providing light to display panels 104, and usually by fluorescent light (FL), electroluminescence (EL) element, light emitting diode formations such as (LED).For example, first film 102 is a lens coating, is used to improve the directivity from light source 101 emitted light beams.
Figure 10 shows the exemplary configurations of first film 102.In the following description, will be called the back side, and will be called the front from another first type surface of film on the emitting side of the light of light source 101 from a first type surface of film on the light incident side of the light beam of light source 101.Here the film of indication is meant the form of film or thin plate, and film comprises sheet and substrate.
The plane is set to the rear side of first film 102, and lens arra is set to its face side.Lens arra is by continuously arranged a large amount of pillar cell lens constitute on the direction of its bus being orthogonal to, and wherein, for example, each pillar cell lens all has the shape of triangular prism, cylinder, hyperbolic cylinder or parabolic post or aspheric surface post.In other words, the lens surface of pillar cell lens is triangular cylinder, the face of cylinder, hyperboloid or parabola or aspheric surface.Single-element lens 111 passes its side of launching at the light from light source 101 and has focus fa.
Second film 103 is to have the film of scattering function at least, and for example, is scattering film or reflective polaroid.Scattering film is used for the light beam that first film 102 is passed in scattering.Reflective polaroid is used for only making one of cross-polarized light component of being included in the light beam that passes first film 102 to pass wherein, and reflects another polarisation component.
Preferably, the pel spacing P of the mist degree (%) of the lenticular spacing P of first film 102 (μ m), second film 103 and total light transmittance T (%) and liquid crystal panel 104 P(μ m) satisfies the relation of H/TPp/P＞1.6, more preferably, satisfies H/TPp/P＞1.9.
Second film 103 that is provided with above-mentioned scattering function has a kind of scattering function, mist degree measured when measured mist degree was set to the plane of incidence with another surface that is arranged on its emitting side when being attached to second film in the liquid crystal panel 104 when wherein, a surface that is arranged on its light source side when being attached to second film in the liquid crystal panel 104 was set to the plane of incidence is different.
Second film 103 that is provided with above-mentioned scattering function has a kind of scattering function, measured mist degree when another surface that measured mist degree was arranged on its light source side when being attached in the liquid crystal panel 104 when second film when wherein, a surface that is arranged on its emitting side when second film is attached in the liquid crystal panel 104 was set to the plane of incidence is set to the plane of incidence.
Liquid crystal panel 104 is used for display message after the light that is provided by light source 101 is provided with time correlation and space correlation mode.On two faces of liquid crystal panel 104, the Polarizer (not shown) is set.One of cross-polarized light component that each Polarizer all is used for only making incident light passes wherein, and by absorption another component is ended.For example, on 104 two faces of liquid crystal panel, Polarizer is set, so that their axis of homology is orthogonal.
(2-1-2) structure of film former
Figure 11 shows the exemplary configurations of the film former that forms above-mentioned first film 102.The film former has extruder 121, T shape mould 122, forming rolls 123 and resilient roller 124.
At least a transparent thermoplastic resin is used to form first film 102.Preferably, when considering the function of control bundle transmit direction, thermoplastic resin has 1.4 or bigger refractive index.The example of this resin comprises polycarbonate, by the acrylic resin of polymethylmethacrylate representative, by alkyd resin, polystyrene resin and the Polyvinylchloride of polyethylene terephthalate and the representative of amorphous alkyd resin multipolymer.Consider the transfer printing by the lens pattern of extrusion modling, preferably, near the viscosity of the molten condition the forming temperature is 1000Pa or above and 10000Pa or following.
More preferably, thermoplastic resin adds a kind of release agent at least.By adding release agent by this way, can adjust the adhesiveness between the forming rolls 123 and film 125 when film 125 separates with forming rolls 123, produce defibers to prevent film 125.Preferably, the amount of adding the release agent of thermoplastic resin to is adjusted to 0.02wt% or above and 0.4wt% or the following scope of peeling off resin.Addition can make stripping feature worsen less than 0.02wt%, and may on film 125, produce defiber, and addition will excessively strengthen stripping feature greater than 0.4wt%, and will cause it on forming rolls 123, separating before the transparent thermoplastic resin solidification, produce the distortion of unit lenses 111 shapes undesirably.
Preferably, thermoplastic resin adds at least a in ultraviolet light absorber or the light stabilizer at least.By adding ultraviolet light absorber or light stabilizer, can suppress by being exposed to from the caused tonal variation of the light of light source 101.The example of ultraviolet light absorber comprises salicyl, the Benzophenone base, the benzotriazole base, and the ultraviolet light absorber of alpha-cyanoacrylate ester group, and specifically comprise ADK STAB LA-31, ADK STAB LA-32 (from ADEKA company), Cyasorb UV-5411 (from Sun Chemical company limited), Tinuvin P, Tinuvin 234, Tinuvin 320, Tinuvin 327 (from Ciba Geigy company), Sumisorb 110, Sumisorb 140 (from Sumitomo Chemical company limited), Kemisorb 110, Kemisorb 140, Kemisorb 12, Kemisorb 13 (from Chemipro Kasei Kaisha company limited), Uvinul X-19, Uvinul Ms-40 (from BASF), Tomisorb 100, Tomisorb 600 (from Yoshitomiyakuhin company), and Viosorb-80 and Viosorb-90 (from Kyodo Chemical company limited).The example of light stabilizer comprises the light stabilizer of the amido that is obstructed, and specifically comprises ADKSTAB LA-52 (from ADEKA company), Sanol LS-770, Sanol LS-765, Sanol LS-774 (from Sankyo company limited) and Sumisorb TM-061 (from Sumitomo Chemical company limited).Preferably, the ultraviolet light absorber that thermoplastic resin is added and the amount of light stabilizer are adjusted to 0.02wt% or above and 0.4wt% or following scope.Addition can not suppress tonal variation less than 0.02wt%, and addition surpasses the yellowing that 0.4wt% will cause film 125.
Except that above-mentioned release agent and ultraviolet light absorber, also allow to add adjuvant such as antioxidant, antistatic agent, colorant, plasticizer, solubilizer and fire retardant.Yet most of adjuvants are to use the reason that produces gas under the situation of T shape mould 122 heating in the melt extruded process, thereby, worsen the sheet forming characteristic, and worsened working environment.Therefore, it is preferable adding minor amounts of additives, preferably, it is adjusted to the 2wt% of thermoplastic resin or still less.
The resin material that extruder 121 fusings are provided by unshowned dispenser, and provide it to T shape mould 122.T shape mould 122 has the straight line opening, and pushes the resin material that is provided by extruder 121 by it, simultaneously resin is expanded to the wide width of expectation film.
Forming rolls 123 has cylindrical shape, and is configured to and can rotates freely around its central shaft (being assumed to be turning axle).The cylinder of forming rolls 123 has the pattern of carving on its cylinder, this depiction is used for fine pattern is transferred to the film 125 that discharges from T shape mould 122.For example, depiction is made of the trickle jog that is used for unit lenses 111 is transferred on the film, and as being formed at the circumferencial direction of cylinder forming rolls 123 or the arrangement on width (highly) direction.For example, form jog by the precision cutting of using diamond bit.Forming rolls 123 is configured to coolable.More specifically, forming rolls 123 has one or two or more a plurality of fluid passage that cooling medium is therefrom flow through.For example, oily medium can be used as cooling medium.
Resilient roller 124 is cylindric, and is configured to rotate freely around its central shaft (being assumed to be turning axle).The surface of resilient roller 124 is configured to the elastic deformation sensitivity, when being interposed between forming rolls 123 and the resilient roller 124 when film 125, making the surface that contacts with forming rolls 123 is pushed.
For example, resilient roller 124 is coated with the seamless cylinder that is made of plating Ni layer, and the surface that wherein has resilient roller of making 124 causes elastically-deformable elastomeric element.Do not limit the structure and material of resilient roller 124 especially, as long as its surface can cause elastic deformation when contacting with forming rolls 123 under the predetermined pressure grade.Applicable examples of materials comprises rubber, metal and synthetic material.Resilient roller 124 also is configured to coolable.More specifically, resilient roller 124 has one or more fluid passages that cooling medium is therefrom flow through.For example, water is applicable as cooling medium.
(2-1-3) method of manufacturing first film
Next, explanation is used the illustrative methods of the film former manufacturing film of so configuration.At first, molten resin material in extruder 121 offers T shape mould 122 continuously with it, and discharges continuously from T shape mould 122, thereby forms film 125.Then, the film 125 that discharges from T shape mould 122 by forming rolls 123 and resilient roller 124 extruding.By this processing, the depiction on the forming rolls 123 is transferred on the surface of film 125.Then, film 125 is separated with forming rolls 123, and be cut to size corresponding to liquid crystal panel 104.Handle first film 102 that can obtain to expect by these.
As mentioned above, first example of second embodiment provides liquid crystal indicator, and it has the light source 101 of sequence stack, have first film 102 of the lens unit of massive parallel setting on an one first type surface, have second film 103 and the liquid crystal panel 104 of scattering function at least.In liquid crystal indicator, the spacing of supposing the single-element lens 111 of first film 102 is P (μ m), and the panel spacing is P P(μ m), the mist degree of second film 103 are H (%), and total light transmittance is T, then satisfy the relation of H/TPp/P＞1.6, more preferably, satisfy H/TPp/P＞1.9.Therefore, liquid crystal indicator can not cause Moire fringe, and has realized the panel front brightness of aspiration level.
Method according to making film among the example 2-1 forms first film 102 by extrusion modling, has strengthened the effect that reduces by first film, 102 material costs, has improved the throughput rate of first film 102, and the distortion that has suppressed first film 102.
(example 2-2)
Next, second embodiment will be described.In the following description, with arbitrary assembly identical among the example 2-1 with given identical reference number, to avoid repeat specification.
Figure 12 shows the representative configuration according to the liquid crystal indicator of the example 2-2 of second embodiment.Liquid crystal indicator has light source 101, is arranged on first film 102 and the liquid crystal panel 104 of light source 101 tops, and wherein, liquid crystal panel 104 has second film 103 that integrates with it on first film, 102 sides.
(example 2-3)
Next, with illustrated example 2-3.Should be noted that arbitrary identical assembly will be marked with example 2-1 in identical reference number, to avoid repeat specification.
Figure 13 shows the representative configuration according to the liquid crystal indicator of the example 2-3 of second embodiment.Liquid crystal indicator has light source 101, is arranged on first film 102 and the liquid crystal panel 104 of light source 101 tops, and wherein, liquid crystal panel 104 has second film 103 that is integrated together with it on the opposite side of first film 102.
(instantiation)
Following chapters and sections will specify the present invention based on example, wherein, the invention is not restricted to these examples.
＜sample 1-1 to 1-10,1-14 to 1-15,2-1 to 2-10,3-1 to 3-10,4-1 to 4-10 〉
Use film former shown in Figure 11, form lens coating as described below.At first, discharge polycarbonate E2000R (from Mitsubishi Engineering-Plastics company) from T shape mould 122, by forming rolls 123 and resilient roller 124 extruding, it is reeled around forming rolls 123, and the film 125 of generation is separated from forming rolls 123.Next, the film 125 that so separates is cut into size corresponding to liquid crystal panel.Handle by these, obtain to have the lens coating of the prism elements lens that on an one first type surface, are provided with continuously.P adjusts to the arbitrary value shown in table 3 and the table 4 with lenticular spacing (lens width).
Then, following each liquid crystal indicator that wherein is provided with scattering film that is manufactured on.At first, obtain to have the scattering film of the mist degree H shown in table 1 and the table 2, total light transmittance Tt, scattered light Td and linear transmissivity Tp, and 19 inches liquid crystal panels that obtain to have 320 μ m pel spacings.By stacked light sources, lens coating, scattering film and liquid crystal panel obtain 19 inches liquid crystal indicators in order.
＜sample 1-11 to 1-13,2-11 to 2-13,3-11 to 3-13,4-11 to 4-13 〉
At first, be similar to sample 1-1 to 1-10,1-14 to 1-15,2-1 to 2-10,3-1 to 3-10,4-1 to 4-10, obtain to have the lens coating of lenticular spacing shown in table 3 and the table 4.
Next, following manufacturing has each liquid crystal indicator of the bonding scattering layer that is arranged at wherein.At first, Polarizer is bonded to the beam incident surface side of 19 inches liquid crystal panels with 320 μ m pel spacings, between them, place bonding scattering layer simultaneously with the mist degree H shown in table 1 and the table 2, total light transmittance Tt, scattered light Td and linear transmissivity Tp, thereby acquisition has the liquid crystal panel of setting bonding scattering layer thereon.Next, stacked light sources, lens coating and liquid crystal panel in order, thus obtain 19 inches liquid crystal indicators.
＜sample 1-16,2-14,3-14,4-14 〉
At first, be similar to sample 1-1 to 1-10,1-14 to 1-15,2-1 to 2-10,3-1 to 3-10,4-1 to 4-10, obtain to have the lens coating of lenticular spacing shown in table 3 and the table 4.
Next, following manufacturing does not have each liquid crystal indicator of the scattering film that is arranged at wherein.Acquisition has the liquid crystal panel of 320 μ m pel spacings, and by stacked light sources, lens coating and liquid crystal panel obtain 19 inches liquid crystal indicators in order.
＜sample 25-1 〉
Obtain Sumitomo-3M house mark " Thick BEF III ", scattering film 102 under one's name and 19 inches liquid crystal panels with 320 μ m pel spacings, and by stacked light sources, " Thick BEF III ", scattering film 102 and liquid crystal panel obtain 19 inches liquid crystal indicators in order.
＜sample 26-1 to 26-4 〉
At first, be quite analogous to sample 1-1 to 1-10,1-14 to 1-15,2-1 to 2-10,3-1 to 3-10,4-1 to 4-10, obtain to have the lens coating of lenticular spacing shown in table 17 and the table 18.
Next, following manufacturing has each liquid crystal indicator of the reflective polaroid that is arranged at wherein.At first, acquisition has the reflective polaroid (under the trade (brand) name of the DBEFD of Sumitomo-3M company) of the mist degree H shown in table 1 and the table 2, total light transmittance Tt, scattered light Td and linear transmissivity Tp, acquisition has 19 inches liquid crystal panels of 320 μ m pel spacings, and by stacked light sources, lens coating, reflective polaroid and liquid crystal panel obtain 19 inches liquid crystal indicators in order.
Next, each liquid crystal indicator that obtains is as mentioned above carried out Moire fringe generate estimation, and the measurement of carrying out front face brightness and visual angle.To table 18, the result has been shown at table 3 to table 4 and table 15.
The estimation of Moire fringe: in the darkroom, provide the video input, so that it enters white states (white state), from the state of positive and oblique range estimation Moire fringe generation to each liquid crystal indicator that obtains according to various structures.Estimate that in table in the hurdle of Moire fringe, Moire fringe does not appear in " zero " expression, and Moire fringe appears in " * " expression.
The measurement of front face brightness: in the darkroom, provide the video input to each liquid crystal indicator that obtains according to various structures, so that it enters white states, keep illumination 2 hours, and use the spectroradiometer from Konica MinoltaHoldings incorporated company " CS-1000 " that is set to apart from panel surface 500mm to come estimated brightness.Duplicate measurements three times, and adopt mean value.
The measurement at visual angle: in the darkroom, provide the video input to each liquid crystal indicator that obtains according to various structures, so that it enters white states, keep illumination 2 hours, and use " EZ-Contrast " from ELDIM that be arranged on the panel surface to estimate the visual angle.Read with respect to panel (its reach front face brightness half) horizontal direction of longitudinal edge side and the angle on the vertical direction, be worth as the visual angle.
＜sample 5-1 to 8-14,26-5 to 26-8 〉
Except that using 40 inches liquid crystal panels (true high definition television), be quite analogous to 40 inches liquid crystal indicators that above-mentioned sample 1-1 to 4-14,26-1 to 26-4 obtain to have 460 μ m pel spacings.Next, be similar to above-mentioned sample 1-1 to 4-14,26-1 to 26-4, carry out the estimation of Moire fringe and the measurement at front face brightness and visual angle.In table 5 and table 6 and table 17 and table 18, the result has been shown.
＜sample 9-1 to 12-14,26-9 to 26-12 〉
Except that using 32 inches liquid crystal panels (true high definition television), be quite analogous to 32 inches liquid crystal indicators that above-mentioned sample 1-1 to 4-14,26-1 to 26-4 obtain to have 510 μ m pel spacings.Next, be similar to above-mentioned sample 1-1 to 4-14,26-1 to 26-4, carry out the estimation of Moire fringe and the measurement at front face brightness and visual angle.In table 7 and table 8 and table 17 and table 18, the result has been shown.
＜sample 13-1 to 16-14,26-13 to 26-16 〉
Remove and form lens coating with the hyperbolic column single-element lens that is arranged in parallel within continuously on the one first type surface, its lenticular spacing P is adjusted to shown in table 9 and the table 17 outside the value, be quite analogous to above-mentioned sample 1-1 to 4-14,26-1 to 26-4 and obtain 19 inches liquid crystal indicators.Next, be similar to above-mentioned sample 1-1 to 4-14,26-1 to 26-4, carry out the estimation of Moire fringe and the measurement at front face brightness and visual angle.In table 9 and table 10 and table 17 and table 18, the result has been shown.
＜sample 17-1 to 20-14,26-17 to 26-20 〉
Remove and form lens coating with the hyperbolic column single-element lens that is arranged in parallel within continuously on the one first type surface, its lenticular spacing P is adjusted to shown in table 12 and the table 17 outside the value, be quite analogous to above-mentioned sample 5-1 to 8-14,26-5 to 26-8 and obtain 40 inches liquid crystal indicators.Next, be similar to above-mentioned sample 5-1 to 8-14,26-5 to 26-8, carry out the estimation of Moire fringe and the measurement at front face brightness and visual angle.In table 11 and table 12 and table 17 and table 18, the result has been shown.
＜sample 21-1 to 24-14,26-21 to 26-24 〉
Remove and form lens coating with the hyperbolic column single-element lens that is arranged in parallel within continuously on the one first type surface, its lenticular spacing P is adjusted to shown in table 13 and the table 17 outside the value, be quite analogous to above-mentioned sample 9-1 to 12-14,26-9 to 26-12 and obtain 32 inches liquid crystal indicators.Next, be similar to above-mentioned sample 9-1 to 12-14,26-9 to 26-12, carry out the estimation of Moire fringe and the measurement at front face brightness and visual angle.In table 13 and table 14 and table 17 and table 18, the result has been shown.
Characteristic at the scattering film that is used for sample 1-1 to 26-24 shown in table 1 and the table 2, reflective polaroid (DBEFD) and bonding scattering layer.As described below, measure at the mist degree H shown in table 1 and the table 2, total light transmittance Tt, scattered light Td and linear transmissivity Tp.
Mist degree H: use mist degree/transmissivity instrument HM-150 to measure from Murakami Color Research Laboratory incorporated company.With light, measure the number percent (except that the method that sample is set, meeting JIS-K-7316) that departs from 2.5 ° of incident lights or more light component by backscattering (pointing to the scattering surface of light beam exiting side) by the sample transmission.
Total light transmittance Tt: use mist degree/transmissivity instrument HM-150 to measure from Murakami Color Research Laboratory incorporated company.With the light by the sample transmission, measure the ratio (measurement meets JIS-K-7316) of total emitting light flux and parallel incident flux.
Linear transmissivity Tp: use mist degree/transmissivity instrument HM-150 to measure from Murakami Color Research Laboratory incorporated company.With the light by the sample transmission, measurement falls into from the number percent (meet method that JIS-K-7316 measure mist degree) of parallel incident flux less than the beam component in 2.5 ° of scopes.
Scattered light Td: the transmissivity that linear transmissivity obtained that is defined as deducting linear component by the total light transmittance that the mist degree/transmissivity instrument HM-150 that uses from Murakami Color ResearchLaboratory incorporated company measures.
[table 1]
The backscattering measured value
Mist degree H (%) Total light transmittance Tt (%) Scattered light Td (%) Linear transmissivity Tp (%) H/Tt
Scattering film
1 99.7 35.4 35.3 0.1 2.82
Scattering film 2 93.7 67.1 62.9 4.2 1.40
Scattering film 3 95.1 68.3 65 3.3 1.39
Scattering film 4 91 66.1 60.2 5.9 1.38
Scattering film 5 95.2 71.1 67.6 3.5 1.34
Scattering film 6 74.6 59.4 44.3 15.1 1.26
Scattering film 7 90.1 89.4 80.6 8.8 1.01
Scattering film 8 83.7 90.7 75.9 14.8 0.92
Scattering film 9 60.1 90 54.1 35.9 0.67
Scattering film 10 33.6 89.8 30.2 59.6 0.37
Bonding scattering layer 1 94.7 67.2 63.6 3.6 1.41
Bonding scattering layer 2 89.9 88.6 76.7 11.9 1.01
Bonding scattering layer 3 34.5 87.8 30.3 57.5 0.39
DBEFD 82.2 47.2 38.8 8.4 1.74
[table 2]
The direct scattering measured value
Mist degree H (%) Total light transmittance Tt (%) Scattered light Td (%) Linear transmissivity Tp (%) H/Tt Mist degree (direct scattering-backscattering)
Scattering film 1 99.6 34.7 34.6 0.1 2.87 -0.1
Scattering film 2 95.5 92.4 88.2 4.2 1.03 1.8
Scattering film 3 96.4 93.4 90 3.4 1.03 1
Scattering film 4 93.5 92.6 86.6 6.0 1.01 1.3
Scattering film 5 96.2 93.1 89.5 3.6 1.03 2.5
Scattering film 6 83.7 91.5 76.6 14.9 0.91 -6.8
Scattering film 7 90 91 81.9 9.1 0.99 0
Scattering film 8 83.3 90.6 75.5 15.1 0.92 15.4
Scattering film 9 59.9 89.8 53.8 36.0 0.67 -0.2
Scattering film 10 33.7 92.3 31.1 61.2 0.37 0.1
Bonding scattering layer 1 94.7 67.2 63.6 3.6 1.41 0
Bonding scattering layer 2 89.9 88.6 76.7 11.9 1.01 0
Bonding scattering layer 3 34.5 87.8 30.3 57.5 0.39 0
?DBEFD 82.2 47.2 38.8 8.4 1.74 0
The estimated result that Moire fringe occurs among the sample 1-1 to 26-24 has been shown in table 3, table 5, table 7, table 9, table 11, table 13, table 15 and table 17.The estimated result at front face brightness and visual angle in the 1-1 to 26-24 of sample shown in table 4, table 6, table 8, table 10, table 12, table 14, table 16 and the table 18.
[table 3]
Figure S07196907220070420D000341
Pp: pel spacing P: lens width
H: mist degree T: total light transmission amount
[table 4]
Figure S07196907220070420D000342
Figure S07196907220070420D000351
Figure S07196907220070420D000361
Pp: pel spacing P: lens width
VAh: horizontal direction visual angle
VAv: vertical direction visual angle
[table 5]
Figure S07196907220070420D000362
Pp: pel spacing P: lens width
H: mist degree T: total light transmission amount
[table 6]
Figure S07196907220070420D000372
Figure S07196907220070420D000381
Pp: pel spacing P: lens width
VAh: horizontal direction visual angle
VAv: vertical direction visual angle
[table 7]
Figure S07196907220070420D000392
Figure S07196907220070420D000401
Pp: pel spacing P: lens width
H: mist degree T: total light transmission amount
[table 8]
Figure S07196907220070420D000402
Figure S07196907220070420D000411
Figure S07196907220070420D000421
Pp: pel spacing P: lens width
VAh: horizontal direction visual angle
VAv: vertical direction visual angle
[table 9]
Figure S07196907220070420D000422
Figure S07196907220070420D000431
Pp: pel spacing P: lens width
H: mist degree T: total light transmission amount
[table 10]
Figure S07196907220070420D000432
Figure S07196907220070420D000441
Figure S07196907220070420D000451
Pp: pel spacing P: lens width
VAh: horizontal direction visual angle
VAv: vertical direction visual angle
[table 11]
Figure S07196907220070420D000452
Figure S07196907220070420D000461
Pp: pel spacing P: lens width
H: mist degree T: total light transmission amount
[table 12]
Figure S07196907220070420D000462
Figure S07196907220070420D000471
Figure S07196907220070420D000481
Pp: pel spacing P: lens width
VAh: horizontal direction visual angle
VAv: vertical direction visual angle
[table 13]
Figure S07196907220070420D000491
Pp: pel spacing P: lens width
H: mist degree T: total light transmission amount
[table 14]
Figure S07196907220070420D000492
Pp: pel spacing P: lens width
VAh: horizontal direction visual angle
VAv: vertical direction visual angle
[table 15]
Film/scattering layer type P(μm) Pp/P(-) (H/T)*(Pp/P) The More estimates
Sample 25-1 Scattering film 2 50 6.4 18.02 ○
Pp: pel spacing P: lens width
H: mist degree T: total light transmission amount
[table 16]
Pp: pel spacing P: lens width
VAh: horizontal direction visual angle
VAv: vertical direction visual angle
[table 17]
Film/scattering layer type Pp (μm) P (μm) Pp/P (-) (H/T) (-) (H/T)*(Pp/P) The More estimates
Sample 26-1 DBEFD 320 50 6.40 1.74 11.14 ○
Sample 26-2 DBEFD 320 110 2.91 1.74 5.06 ○
Sample 26-3 DBEFD 320 200 1.60 1.74 2.78 ○
Sample 26-4 DBEFD 320 350 0.91 1.74 1.59 ×
Sample 26-5 DBEFD 510 50 10.20 1.74 17.75 ○
Sample 26-6 DBEFD 510 110 4.64 1.74 8.07 ○
Sample 26-7 DBEFD 510 200 2.55 1.74 4.44 ○
Sample 26-8 DBEFD 510 350 1.46 1.74 2.54 ○
Sample 26-9 DBEFD 460 50 9.20 1.74 16.01 ○
Sample 26-10 DBEFD 460 110 4.18 1.74 7.28 ○
Sample 26-11 DBEFD 460 200 2.30 1.74 4.00 ○
Sample 26-12 DBEFD 460 350 1.31 1.74 2.29 ○
Sample 26-13 DBEFD 320 50 6.40 1.74 11.14 ○
Sample 26-14 DBEFD 320 110 2.91 1.74 5.06 ○
Sample 26-15 DBEFD 320 200 1.60 1.74 2.78 ○
Sample 26-16 DBEFD 320 350 0.91 1.74 1.59 ×
Sample 26-17 DBEFD 510 50 10.20 1.74 17.75 ○
Sample 26-18 DBEFD 510 110 4.64 1.74 8.07 ○
Sample 26-19 DBEFD 510 200 2.55 1.74 4.44 ○
Sample 26-20 DBEFD 510 350 1.46 1.74 2.54 ○
Sample 26-21 DBEFD 460 50 9.20 1.74 16.01 ○
Sample 26-22 DBEFD 460 110 4.18 1.74 7.28 ○
Sample 26-23 DBEFD 460 200 2.30 1.74 4.00 ○
Sample 26-24 DBEFD 460 350 1.46 1.74 2.54 ○
Pp: pel spacing P: lens width
H: mist degree T: total light transmission amount
[table 18]
Figure S07196907220070420D000521
Pp: pel spacing P: lens width
VAh: horizontal direction visual angle
VAv: vertical direction visual angle
Figure 14 shows and combines with the diffusion sheet 102 shown in table 3 (sample 1-3,1-15,1-16,2-3,3-3,4-3), table 9 (sample 13-3,13-15,13-16,14-3,15-3,16-3) and the table 15 (sample 25-1), has the lenticular spacing of lens of prismatic cross-sectional geometry and hyperbolic curve cross-sectional geometry and the relation between the front face brightness.
Observing front face brightness by hypothesis under the situation of the prismatic lens sheet that uses 50 μ m spacings is 100%, represents the value that provides in the curve.Can know that from curve along with lenticular spacing narrows down, relative front face brightness reduces, and along with lenticular spacing broadens, relative front face brightness increases.
Similarly, observed front face brightness value also is 100% when " Thick BEF III " (50-μ m spacing) of using from 3M company, and this has proved compares the effect that can improve front face brightness with existing product.
Narrow lenticular spacing means that the crestal line of unit area and the quantity of recess increase, but in zoomed-in view, these parts comprise the par.Therefore, sheet unlikely reaches the effect as lens, thereby has increased the scattering on other direction except that frontal, has reduced the recycle characteristic of the total reflection of caused light because the inclined-plane tilts, and has reduced front face brightness thus.
On the contrary, widen the quantity that lenticular spacing has reduced the crestal line and the recess of unit area, and also reduced the par in these zones.For this reason, sheet unlikely weakens the effect as lens, reduce the scattering on other direction except that frontal, show by the inclined-plane with effective and efficient manner more and tilt caused recycle characteristic preventing to reduce front face brightness, and further strengthened front face brightness.Therefore, discovery can improve front face brightness by widening lenticular spacing.
Yet, can obviously find out from table 3 to the result shown in the table 14, for the situation that is not used in combination diffusion sheet, only by widening lenticular spacing simply, can cause since with the interaction (interference) of liquid crystal panel pel spacing, and produce Moire fringe (inhomogeneous on the contrary) inevitably.In correlation technique, use the thin space matrix to eliminate the general example of Moire fringe, but only cause brightness to reduce as mentioned above.
On the contrary, the present invention adopts by adjusting to 1.6 or the system of above Pp/PHe/Tt value representation, the haze value He of the scattering function layer that this system uses panel spacing Pp, lenticular spacing P, measure by backscattering and measuring the backscattered total light transmittance Tt that obtains simultaneously, thereby, successfully eliminated the Moire fringe that only produces, and improved front face brightness by lens with wide spacing.
Usually, represent discovery haze value in conjunction with JIS or ASTM based on the measurement of the direct scattering from the scattering function face to light incident side, wherein, the mist degree of listing in table 2 in this way obtains, but is difficult to obtain to eliminate the relation of Moire fringe.Yet,, can satisfy above-mentioned relation by using measurement haze value based on backscattered scattering function surface.
Can also find, based on backscattered measurement haze value greater than situation based on the measurement mist degree of forward scattering under, the brightness that obtains bigger ratio strengthens (using the result of diffusion sheet 6 shown in the sample 2-6 to 24-6 in the table 1).Therefore, can further improve front face brightness by using scattering function layer at big haze value shown in the backscattering measurement.
Aforementioned paragraphs is specifically understood the pattern of the embodiment of the invention and example, wherein, should be understood that based on the technology of the present invention spirit and can carry out various modifications to the present invention, and be not limited to the above-mentioned pattern of embodiment and example.
For example, the value shown in the above-mentioned pattern of embodiment and example only is used for exemplary purpose, according to circumstances needs to allow to use any other value.
The foregoing description is handled the situation that scattering film is set between first film and liquid crystal panel.Yet the position that scattering film is set is not limited to the position in the foregoing description, as long as it is between the black matrix" of first film and liquid crystal panel.For example, also allow configuration to be used for polarization plates is bonded to the bonding coat of liquid crystal panel, it is had be similar to the similar scattering function of scattering function that scattering film has.
As mentioned above, the present invention can prevent by the rigidity of guaranteeing proper level owing to enlarge the distortion that chip size causes.By the effect of this structure, can improve the operability of sheet, thereby, improve the processibility of the assembly processing of back lighting device or liquid crystal indicator, and further suppress to disturb the disturbance that causes in the optically focused characteristic, thereby suppressed deterioration of image quality.
In addition, as mentioned above, the present invention can suppress Moire fringe, realized the surface brightness of aspiration level simultaneously, this is because the lenticular spacing P (μ m) of first film, the haze value H (%) by measuring second film that backscattering obtains and the pel spacing P of total light transmittance T (%) and liquid crystal panel P(μ m) satisfies the relation of H/TPp/P＞1.6 and P 〉=110 μ m.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that according to designing requirement and other factors, can in claims or its equivalent scope, carry out various modifications, combination, recombinant and variation.

Claims (10)

1. an optical sheet (14) comprising:
The substrate of printing opacity (14B); And
Optical functional layer (14C) is arranged at least one surface of described substrate (14B),
Wherein, described substrate (14B) is by bonding transmission sheet (21,22) lamination constitutes, each described transmission sheet (21, the angle that forms between the direction of molecular orientation 22) is set to 20 ° or littler, and is provided with bonding material layer (20) between described transmission sheet (21,22), the described bonding material layer transmission sheet with relative respectively is adjacent
Wherein, described optical functional layer (14C) is the light collecting layer that is arranged with a large amount of jogs on the surface continuously, and each in the described jog is the prism with isosceles triangle cross-sectional geometry, and the arrangement pitches of described jog is 110 μ m or bigger, and
Wherein, described optical sheet (14) has rough surface (14R) in the beam incident surface side of described substrate (14B).
2. an optical sheet (14) comprising:
The substrate of printing opacity (14B); And
Optical functional layer (14C) is arranged at least one surface of described substrate (14B),
Wherein, described substrate (14B) is by bonding transmission sheet (21,22) lamination constitutes, each described transmission sheet (21, the angle that forms between the direction of molecular orientation 22) is set to 20 ° or littler, and is provided with bonding material layer (20) between described transmission sheet (21,22), the described bonding material layer transmission sheet with relative respectively is adjacent
Wherein, described optical functional layer (14C) is the light collecting layer that is arranged with a large amount of jogs on the surface continuously, and described jog is for having the aspheric cylindrical lens assembly of hyperboloid, parabola or high-order, and the arrangement pitches of described jog is 110 μ m or bigger, and
Wherein, described optical sheet (14) has rough surface (14R) in the beam incident surface side of described substrate (14B).
3. optical sheet according to claim 1 and 2 (14), wherein, described bonding material layer is made of in ultraviolet curing adhesive, contact adhesive and the hot melt adhersive any one.
4. optical sheet according to claim 1 and 2 (14), wherein, described jog demonstrates different refractive indexes in crestal line direction and orientation.
5. optical sheet according to claim 1 and 2 (14), wherein, described lamination comprises:
Described optical functional layer (14C) is supported in first substrate (21); And
Second substrate (22), relative with described first substrate, and between described first substrate and described second substrate, be provided with described bonding material layer (20).
6. optical sheet according to claim 5 (14), wherein, at least one in described first substrate (21) and described second substrate (22) is added with ultraviolet light absorber.
7. optical sheet according to claim 6 (14), wherein, the refractive index of described bonding material layer (20) is equal to or less than the refractive index of described first substrate and described second substrate.
8. optical sheet according to claim 7 (14), wherein, described bonding material layer is added with blue dyes.
9. optical sheet according to claim 1 and 2 (14), wherein, the arrangement pitches of described jog is 110 μ m or above and 350 μ m or following.
10. liquid crystal indicator, have display panels, be arranged on the described display panels rear side light source and according to the optical sheet of claim 1 or 2, described optical sheet is arranged between described display panels and the described light source.
CN2007100969072A 2006-04-14 2007-04-16 Optical sheet, back-light device and liquid crystal display device Expired - Fee Related CN101055325B (en)

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