CN101015887A - Filling metallic particles for overlay welding and its preparation method - Google Patents
Filling metallic particles for overlay welding and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101015887A CN101015887A CN 200710013421 CN200710013421A CN101015887A CN 101015887 A CN101015887 A CN 101015887A CN 200710013421 CN200710013421 CN 200710013421 CN 200710013421 A CN200710013421 A CN 200710013421A CN 101015887 A CN101015887 A CN 101015887A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stuff metal particle used in stack welding, wherein the particles are 0.1-5.0mm, comprising S less than 0.05%, P less than 0.05%, oxygen less than 60ppm, and nitrogen less than 60ppm, while other chemical components are set by object metal. The metal particles are directly granulated from waste steel and iron alloy, with high alloy utilization and low cost. The invention can prepare stuff metal particles with corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance and thermal resistance, with high alloy content.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding material and production method thereof, relate in particular to filling metallic particles for overlay that a kind of novel built-up welding uses and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The machine components great majority are made with metal material, owing between the part or the relative motion between part and the material, can wear and tear; Because the meeting that ambient influnence also has produces chemistry and electrochemical effect, causes the metal surface of parts to be corroded; The parts that have may both be worn, and were corroded again, denuded.Along with development of modern industry, machine components often are in unusual complicated and exacting terms work down, and a large amount of mechanized equipments is often scrapped because of wearing and tearing, corrosion or abrasion.This just requires at HTHP, bear mechanized equipment surface under the conditions of work such as big load and oxidation, corrosion has good performance such as wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistant and anti-oxidant.
For the manufacturing cost that reduces workpiece with obtain good comprehensive performances (as surface abrasion resistance, the whole workpiece toughness plasticity is good), often adopt technology such as built-up welding, thermal spraying, thermo-chemical treatment, vapour deposition, plating to prepare the alloy-layer of property at metallic surface at present on the engineering.Built-up welding is simple because of technology, equipment investment is few, flexible operation, adaptation is wide is widely used, and comprises manual electric arc pile up welding, oxy-acetylene flame built-up welding, automatic submerged-arc bead welding, Gas Shielded welding, plasma surfacing, ESW etc.People also adapt to various overlaying methods and have developed various resurfacing welding materials.As Chinese patent CN86106019B " heat-resistant and wear-resistant solder stick for pile-up welding ", CN1116574A " a kind of rich chromium cast iron resurfacing welding material and technology ", CN1003430B surfacing weldings such as " welding rod for non-preheating bead welding with superior hardness and anti-abrasiveness "; And CN1238154C solder flux such as " a kind of sintering-flux for build-up welding of continuous casting roller and production methods thereof "; Welding rod and solder flux have and use flexible, easily manufactured advantage, but the transfer coefficient of alloying element is low, the composition of deposited metal is stable inadequately and evenly, and the quantity of overlay cladding alloy is subjected to the restriction of process, only are suitable for deposited metal low, middle alloy.Flux-cored welding wire for overlaying welding such as CN1415453A " a kind of built-up welding is with wrapping the core welding wire ", CN1775454A " high anticrack, wear-resistance, high-cr cast iron cored solder wire for huild-up welding " etc., the shortcoming of flux-cored wire is that manufacturing process complexity, price are more expensive; Chinese patent CN85102440B " surfacing welding alloy powder agglomates " has proposed that alloy powder is prepared into alloy block and has been used for built-up welding, has improved the transfer coefficient of alloying element.Above-mentioned all resurfacing welding materials all with metal dust as raw material, and the manufacturing process complexity of alloy powder makes cost increase considerably.Also have the alloy welding wire built-up welding in addition, the utilization rate of alloy welding wire transition alloy elements alloying element is higher, composition is also relatively more even though utilize, and alloy welding wire is difficult to make.
China utility model patent CN2426397Y, patent of invention CN1273900A have proposed a kind of broken welding wires, before the weldering this broken welding wires are dispersed evenly in the groove, form weld seam by arc-melting, have reached the purpose of efficient welding.The production technology of above-mentioned broken welding wires is, the hot rolling wire of the welding usefulness of producing with iron and steel enterprise is a raw material, make the filament of certain diameter after the cold-drawn by multi-pass, and then the broken welding wires that cylindrical shape is made in chopping (is seen " installation " magazine, 2003 the 5th phase articles " large oil tank base plate welding-broken welding wires submerged-arc welding "), its manufacturing process is comparatively complicated.Described broken welding wires and production technology thereof have the following disadvantages: the alloying component that at first is broken welding wires can not independently be adjusted, and its kind is subjected to the restriction that iron and steel enterprise produces the hot rolling wire kind; Next is that the higher metal material of alloying element content is difficult to make wire rod, particularly prepares the following wire rod of diameter 0.8mm difficulty more, makes this broken welding wires be difficult to use in built-up welding, causes its application to be subjected to very big restriction; The 3rd is the complex manufacturing of broken welding wires, and raw material derive from the special type welding of iron and steel enterprise again and use hot rolling wire, make its production cost high.
Harsh day by day along with the component of machine applying working condition, as wearing and tearing, burn into high temperature etc., also more urgent to the demand of the resurfacing welding material of low-cost, easy to use, excellent performance.
Summary of the invention
At the shortcoming and defect of existing resurfacing welding material, the problem to be solved in the present invention is to propose filling metallic particles for overlay that a kind of novel built-up welding uses and preparation method thereof.
Technical conceive of the present invention is: select impurity (S, P, N, the 0 etc.) steel scrap that content is lower; adopt induction melting furnace or electric arc furnaces that it is fused into molten steel; in fusion process, adopt slag or atmosphere protection; and add or do not add alloying element according to the needs of desire system filling metallic particles for overlay welding composition; by high pressure liquid stream (as water, wet goods) or high pressure draught (as air, nitrogen, inert gas etc.) the above-mentioned molten steel of impact grinding; make it solidify the back and form ball or oval spherical metallic particles, make the filling metallic particles for overlay that built-up welding is used.
Filling metallic particles for overlay welding of the present invention, make by steel scrap and ferroalloy, it is characterized in that, described metallic particles is a ball or oval spherical, particle diameter is 0.1～5.0mm, its chemical composition by percentage to the quality, S less than 0.05%, P less than 0.05%, oxygen is no more than 60ppm, nitrogen is no more than 60ppm; Other chemical compositions require according to following deposited metal:
1) common low medium alloy steel deposited metal: C is no more than 1.2%, Mn is no more than 6.5%, Si is no more than 1.2%, Cr is no more than 5.5%, Mo is no more than 4.5%;
Or 2) Cr-W or Cr-Mo oxida-tion-resistant steel deposited metal: C are no more than 0.6%, Mn is no more than 3.0%, Si is no more than 1.2%, Cr is no more than 5.5%, Mo is no more than 3.0%, V is no more than 1.2%, W is no more than 11.0%;
Or 3) high chrome deposited metal: C is no more than 0.35%, Si is no more than 1.6%, Cr is 9.0%～18.0%, Ni is no more than 6.5%, Mo is no more than 3.0%, W is no more than 2.8%, Nb is no more than 0.8%, B is no more than 1.8%;
Or 4) potassium steel or Chromador deposited metal: C are no more than 1.2%, Mn is no more than 18.0%, Cr is no more than 18.0%, Mo is no more than 3.0%, W is no more than 5.5%, Si is no more than 1.3%;
Or 5) high-speed steel deposited metal: C is 0.6%～1.2%, Cr is 3.5%～5.0%, V is 0.9%～1.6%, W is 16.0%～20.0%;
Or 6) Martensitic Alloy Pig Iron deposited metal: C is no more than 5.0%, Cr is no more than 6.5%, Mo is no more than 5.5%, W is no more than 15.0%;
Or 7) high-chromium alloy cast-iron deposited metal: C is no more than 5.0%, Mn is no more than 3.5%, Si is no more than 3.2%, Cr is 15.0%～35.0%, Ni is no more than 8.0%, Mo is no more than 6.5%, W is no more than 21.0%, B is no more than 4.0%;
Or 8) austenite chrome-nickel steel deposited metal: C is no more than 0.2%, Mn is 0.5%～3.0%, Si is 3.2%～8.0%, Cr is 14.0%～22.0%, Ni is 6.0%～13.5%, Mo is no more than 5.5%, W is no more than 1.4%, V is no more than 1.4%, Nb is no more than 1.4%.
Above-mentioned 1) eight kinds of～8) listed deposited metals allow to contain a certain amount of other alloying elements that exist as impurity except the alloying element of above requirement, its content is principle with the performance that does not influence deposited metal.
Above-mentioned steel scrap is wrench, edges of boards, leftover pieces discarded in iron and steel enterprise or the steel user production process.
Impurity (S, P, N, O etc.) content is lower, and useful alloying element content is more and stable, meets the steel scrap of welding material with the desired characteristic of steel, should preferentially select for use.As preferred discarded wrench, edges of boards, the leftover pieces such as Q345 steel, DB590 steel or X70 steel of common low medium alloy steel deposited metal; The high-chromium alloy cast-iron deposited metal can preferentially be selected discarded wrench, edges of boards, leftover pieces such as Q345 steel for use.
The chemical composition of DB590 steel (mass percent) is: C0.067%, Si0.305%, Mn1.439%, P0.019%, S0.008%, Nb0.041%, Cu0.108%, Ti0.021%, B0.0010%;
The chemical composition of X70 steel (mass percent) is: C0.06%, Si0.25%, Mn1.46%, P0.012%, S0.003%, Mo0.22%, Ni0.20%, Cu0.22%; (DB590 steel and X70 steel content see patent CN1152767C for details)
The chemical composition of Q345 steel (mass percent): C less than 0.2%, Mn is 1.0～1.6%, Si is 0.2～0.55%, S and P be less than 0.04%.
The preparation method of above-mentioned filling metallic particles for overlay welding comprises the steps:
(1) selection of steel scrap: the chemical composition of described steel scrap by percentage to the quality, S less than 0.05%, P less than 0.05%, oxygen is no more than 60ppm, nitrogen is no more than 60ppm; Other chemical compositions require according to following deposited metal:
1) common low medium alloy steel deposited metal: C is no more than 1.2%, Mn is no more than 6.5%, Si is no more than 1.2%, Cr is no more than 5.5%, Mo is no more than 4.5%;
Or 2) Cr-W or Cr-Mo oxida-tion-resistant steel deposited metal: C are no more than 0.6%, Mn is no more than 3.0%, Si is no more than 1.2%, Cr is no more than 5.5%, Mo is no more than 3.0%, V is no more than 1.2%, W is no more than 11.0%;
Or 3) high chrome deposited metal: C is no more than 0.35%, Si is no more than 1.6%, Cr is no more than 18.0%, Ni is no more than 6.5%, Mo is no more than 3.0%, W is no more than 2.8%, Nb is no more than 0.8%, B is no more than 1.8%;
Or 4) potassium steel or Chromador deposited metal: C are no more than 1.2%, Mn is no more than 18.0%, Cr is no more than 18.0%, Mo is no more than 3.0%, W is no more than 5.5%, Si is no more than 1.3%;
Or 5) high-speed steel deposited metal: C is no more than 1.2%, Cr is no more than 5.0%, V is no more than 1.6%, W is no more than 20.0%;
Or 6) Martensitic Alloy Pig Iron deposited metal: C is no more than 5.0%, Cr is no more than 6.5%, Mo is no more than 5.5%, W is no more than 15.0%;
Or 7) high-chromium alloy cast-iron deposited metal: C is no more than 5.0%, Mn is no more than 3.5%, Si is no more than 3.2%, Cr is no more than 35.0%, Ni is no more than 8.0%, Mo is no more than 6.5%, W is no more than 21.0%, B is no more than 4.0%;
Or 8) austenite chrome-nickel steel deposited metal: C is no more than 0.2%, Mn is no more than 3.0%, Si is no more than 8.0%, Cr is no more than 22.0%, Ni is no more than 13.5%, Mo is no more than 5.5%, W is no more than 1.4%, V is no more than 1.4%, Nb is no more than 1.4%;
(2) according to the chemical composition index of desire system filling metallic particles for overlay welding, determine whether to need to add alloying constituent according to the chemical composition of the selected steel scrap of step (1), and the kind and the quantity of adding alloying constituent;
(3) step (1) is selected steel scrap is divided into two parts of A, B, A part is put into induction melting furnace earlier with the shortest time it is melted, and the quantity of A part determines that according to the size of burner hearth with molten steel after melting 10mm～20mm can be arranged is principle deeply; Add slag former then, and with its fusing (set up the molten slag protective layer, secluding air contacts with molten steel), the addition of slag former is a principle to form the thick molten slag of 3mm～4mm at molten steel surface; After treating that molten slag forms, B part steel scrap is added in the induction melting furnace, add and fashionablely can not destroy the molten slag layer that molten steel is shielded, treat to continue melting 10～15 minutes behind B part scrap melting;
(4) according to step (2) determine add alloying constituent kind and quantity add alloying constituent successively, treat its melt fully after refining 5～12 minutes again;
(5) melted molten steel (overheated 150～200 ℃) and its surperficial slag are poured in the insulation crucible that the bottom is provided with mozzle;
Wherein: the mozzle of described insulation crucible links to each other with leting slip a remark, and the diameter of leting slip a remark is changed selection according to the grain diameter of desire preparation in 6～20mm; Be provided with nozzle around the exit same level height of leting slip a remark, nozzle is a circular seam type, is square and arranges, and the described foursquare length of side is 200～500mm, and the described outlet of leting slip a remark is positioned at described square intersection of diagonal place; Nozzle inlet and high pressure liquid stream or high pressure draught pipe join, the high pressure liquid stream or the air-flow of jet expansion ejection and the molten steel that flows out of leting slip a remark are 30 °～60 ° angles, and high pressure liquid stream or high pressure draught that jet expansion sprays focus on the vertical steel flow that flows out of the outlet of leting slip a remark; Let slip a remark below with nozzle is provided with the bottom aslope (angle of slope and horizontal plane is 30～60 °, little steel during the slope can make and solidify drips along the slope and moves, prevent its too fast deposition and mutual weldering knot) collecting pit, the dark liquid cooling medium of 1.5～2m is housed in the pond, dielectric fluid identity distance nozzle focus point is that (distance of nozzle and collecting pit liquid level is as far as possible little for 200～500mm, entry fast after making molten steel be granulated into little steel to drip reduces the oxidation of air to it);
(6) replace with leting slip a remark of selected diameter, flow with 10～50kg/min makes the molten steel that is sunken to the bottom in the crucible by the outflow of leting slip a remark, open the nozzle of high pressure liquid stream or high pressure draught simultaneously, (pressure is big more with the pressure of 0.8～10MPa, metallic particles is tiny more) molten steel that spray to flow out, after treating that molten steel all flows out, molten slag discards, molten steel is under the percussion of high pressure liquid stream or high pressure draught, become little steel and drip, and cooled off fast, fall into the collecting pit that liquid cooling medium is housed, after little steel drips and solidifies, promptly become metallic particles;
(7) metallic particles in the taking-up collecting pit water is used oven for drying, and bake out temperature is 120～180 ℃, and temperature retention time is 20～40 minutes;
(8) metallic particles after the conventional vibrosieve equipment screening of employing is dried selects for use the metallic particles of different-grain diameter to mix use according to the requirement of welding procedure in proportion; Perhaps, behind the metallic particles mixing after the oven dry, directly use.
Among the preparation method of above-mentioned filling metallic particles for overlay welding, the described steel scrap of step (1) is preferentially selected one of DB590 steel discarded in iron and steel enterprise or the steel user production process, X70 steel, Q345 steel, 10CrMo910 steel.
Among the preparation method of above-mentioned filling metallic particles for overlay welding, step (2) or (4) described alloying constituent are one of ferrosilicon, molybdenum-iron, ferrochrome, ferro-niobium, metallic nickel, copper, ferromanganese, ferrotianium, ferrotungsten or part or all of.
Among the preparation method of above-mentioned filling metallic particles for overlay welding, the solder flux 431 that the preferred submerged-arc welding of the described slag former of step (3) is commonly used.
Among the preparation method of above-mentioned filling metallic particles for overlay welding, high pressure liquid stream or air-flow and the molten steel that flows out of leting slip a remark of the described nozzle ejection of step (5) preferably are 35 °～45; Described dielectric fluid identity distance nozzle focus point distance is preferably 200～350mm.
Among the preparation method of above-mentioned filling metallic particles for overlay welding, step (5) or the preferred water under high pressure of (6) described high pressure liquid stream, the preferred high pressure nitrogen of high pressure draught; Liquid cooling medium preferred water in the described collecting pit.
Among the preparation method of above-mentioned filling metallic particles for overlay welding, the high pressure liquid stream of the described nozzle ejection of step (6) or the pressure of high pressure draught are preferably 1.0～6.0MPa.
Among the preparation method of above-mentioned filling metallic particles for overlay welding, when the described diameter of leting slip a remark of step (6) is chosen to be 6mm, the molten steel that is sunken to the crucible bottom with the flow of 18～22kg/min by the outflow of leting slip a remark; When the diameter of leting slip a remark is chosen to be 8mm, the molten steel that is sunken to the crucible bottom with the flow of 42～46kg/min by the outflow of leting slip a remark.
General diameter decision flow, the diameter of leting slip a remark is more little, and molten steel flow is slow more, and the liquid stream of nozzle ejection or the pressure of air-flow are big more, and metallic particles is tiny more.
When the diameter of leting slip a remark was chosen to be 6mm, during molten steel flow 18kg/min, the pressure of nozzle ejection liquid stream adopted 10MPa, and the size of metallic particles can reach 100～200 μ m, and is tiny of powder.
The quality of above-mentioned metal and ferroalloy is carried out with following country and industry standard:
Ferromanganese GB/T3795-2006, ferrosilicon GB2272-1987, ferrochrome GB5683-1987, vanadium iron GB4139-2004, ferro-niobium GB7737-1997, molybdenum-iron GB3649-1987, ferrotungsten GB/T3648-1996, ferrotianium GB3282-1987, ferro-boron GB/T5682-1995, nickel and nickel alloy plate GB/T2054-2005, blister copper YS/T70-93 (China YouSe metal industry standard) does not have the country and the execution manufacturing enterprise standard of industry standard.
When using filling metallic particles for overlay of the present invention to carry out built-up welding; at first according to the performance requirement of overlay cladding is determined to fill metal components; preferably select for use varigrained filling metallic particles for overlay to mix and use, can reduce the gap between the particle like this, increase the volume quality.
Use for convenience, can with mould filling metallic particles for overlay be pressed into alloy block according to the shape of overlaying surface.The method of compacting alloy block is, adds the waterglass account for filling metallic particles for overlay quality 5～15% in filling metallic particles for overlay, puts into mould after stirring, compression moulding then, and pressure is 40～50MPa, takes out 180～220 ℃ of back oven dry, promptly makes alloy block.
To carry out necessary cleaning to the greasy dirt of matrix surface, iron rust etc. during built-up welding.
Place the method in built-up welding zone to have following three kinds the built-up welding filling metallic particles for overlay, the one, alloy block is placed surfacing part; The 2nd, the built-up welding filling metallic particles for overlay directly is dispersed evenly to surface of the work; The 3rd, do bonding agent with the waterglass (or organic matters such as starch, wood powder) that accounts for filling metal quality 10～20% filling metallic particles for overlay is coated on surface of the work, dried then 180～220 ℃, 5～30 minutes.Scanning above-mentioned three kinds of modes with welding heat source (as TIG electric arc, MIG electric arc, plasma arc, gas flame, carbon arc etc.) by certain way places the filling metal in built-up welding district to make the fusing of itself and part mother metal, promptly forms overlay cladding after solidifying.This process has that the dilution rate of mother metal is less, the utilization rate height of the composition stable performance of overlay cladding, alloying element, filling metallic particles for overlay be than the easy advantage such as fusing of the mixture of powder.By selecting different filling metallic particles for overlay for use, can obtain the overlay cladding of different performance such as wear-resisting, heat-resisting, corrosion-resistant.
The invention process has following positive effect:
(1) alloying component of product can independently be adjusted as required, and the big I of the metallic particles of use is selected arbitrarily by screening.
(2) the used raw material of this patent source is wide, and makes the steel scrap resource obtain more fully reasonable use.
Iron and steel enterprise is in producing the sheet material process, because the needs of scale approximately produce the wrench and the edges of boards of output of steel about 5%, the steel user also can produce a certain amount of leftover pieces.These wrench, edges of boards are many at present have been handled as steel scrap, have melt down, have be used for the widget manufacturing, do not give full play to its composition, stable performance, the superiority that impurity content is few.
(3) filling metallic particles for overlay of patent of the present invention is produced by the direct granulation of liquid metal, and production technology is simple, and alloying component can be determined arbitrarily according to demand.
(4) owing to, metal ingredient is not had special requirement, as long as can be fused into liquid metal without throwing.Therefore, be particularly suitable for preparing more wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, heat-resisting etc. the filling metallic particles for overlay of alloying element content.
(5) raw material are taken from steel scrap, production technology utilization rate simple, alloying element is higher, and cost reduces greatly than broken welding wires.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Common low medium alloy steel built-up welding filling metallic particles for overlay.The design mix of main alloy element is that (quality %): 0.8C, 1.0Si, 2.5Mn, 3.5Cr, other alloying element total amounts are no more than 1.
Hardfacing comprises the steps: with the preparation method of filling metallic particles for overlay
(1) selection of steel scrap: require to select the Q345 steel scrap for use according to the antifriction alloy composition Design, its main chemical compositions (quality %) is: 0.18C, 1.42Mn, 0.36Si, 0.017S, 0.015P, oxygen content 50ppm, nitrogen content 52ppm.
(2),, determine that the kind and the quantity of interpolation alloy is as follows according to the chemical composition of the selected Q345 steel scrap of step (1) according to the chemical composition design objective of desire system hardfacing with filling metallic particles for overlay:
The high carbon ferro-chrome of furnace charge gross mass 6.8% (containing 65%Cr, 7%C, 3%Si), 0.65% graphite, 1.95% ferrosilicon (containing 45%Si, 3%Mn), 2.5% mid-carbon fe-mn (containing 79%Mn, 1.2%C).
(3) the selected steel scrap of step (1) is divided into two parts of A, B, A part is put into induction melting furnace earlier with the shortest time it is melted, the quantity of A part determines that according to the size of burner hearth with molten steel after melting 15mm～20mm can be arranged is principle deeply; Add slag former (solder flux 431) then, and with its fusing (set up the molten slag protective layer, secluding air contacts with molten steel), the addition of slag former is a principle to form the thick molten slag of 3mm～4mm at molten steel surface; After treating that molten slag forms, B part steel scrap is added in the induction melting furnace, add and fashionablely can not destroy the molten slag layer that molten steel is shielded, treat to continue melting 12 minutes behind B part scrap melting.
(4) step (2) is selected high carbon ferro-chrome, graphite, mid-carbon fe-mn, ferrosilicon add in the melted molten steel of step (3) successively, treat ferroalloy melt fully after refining 10 minutes again.
(5) molten steel (overheated 150～200 ℃) that step (4) is melted and its surperficial slag are poured in the insulation crucible that the bottom is provided with mozzle.
Wherein: the mozzle of described insulation crucible links to each other with leting slip a remark, the diameter of leting slip a remark is 8mm, around the exit same level height of leting slip a remark, be provided with nozzle, nozzle is a circular seam type, being square arranges, the described foursquare length of side is 300mm, and the described outlet of leting slip a remark is positioned at described square intersection of diagonal place; Nozzle inlet and High-Pressure Water pipe join, and the High-Pressure Water of jet expansion ejection is 40 ° of angles with the molten steel that flows out of leting slip a remark, and the High-Pressure Water of jet expansion ejection focuses on the vertical steel flow that flows out of the outlet of leting slip a remark; Leting slip a remark is provided with the collecting pit of bottom aslope (angle of slope and horizontal plane is 45 °) with the below of nozzle, the dark water of 1.8m is housed in the pond, and the water surface is 300mm apart from the nozzle focus point.
(6) the Xuan Ding diameter of leting slip a remark is 8mm, flow with 42kg/min makes the molten steel that is sunken to the bottom in the crucible by the outflow of leting slip a remark, open the nozzle of High-Pressure Water simultaneously, the molten steel that flows out with the pressure injection of 1.2MPa, after treating that molten steel all flows out, molten slag discards, molten steel under the percussion of High-Pressure Water, become little steel drip (water under high pressure of injection molten steel around can form a cascade, completely cut off air, the steam that water atomization simultaneously forms has also reduced the dividing potential drop of oxygen (oxygen derives from air) in the atmosphere, reduced the oxidation of molten steel), and cooled off fast, fall into the collecting pit that cooling water is housed, after little steel drips and solidifies, promptly become metallic particles;
(7) metallic particles in the taking-up collecting pit water is used oven for drying, and bake out temperature is 150 ℃, and temperature retention time is 30 minutes.
(8) metallic particles after the conventional vibrosieve equipment screening of employing is dried selects for use the metallic particles of different-grain diameter to mix use according to the requirement of welding procedure in proportion; Perhaps, behind the metallic particles mixing after the oven dry, directly use.
Main chemical compositions (quality %) through the final filling metallic particles for overlay that obtains of chemical composition analysis is that 0.75C, 1.05Si, 2.3Mn, 3.47Cr satisfy the composition designing requirement.
The filling metallic particles for overlay of producing as stated above is dispersed evenly to the Q345 surface of steel plate, with carbon arc scanning itself and part mother metal is melted then, solidify the back and promptly form wearing layer at surface of steel plate, the thickness of wearing layer is 4mm, hardness reaches HRC48, does not have crackle, and moulding is good.
Embodiment 2:
Cr-M0 oxida-tion-resistant steel built-up welding filling metallic particles for overlay.The design mix of main alloy element is (quality %): 0.4C, 0.8Si, 2.2Mn, 1.8Cr, 0.8Mo.
Hardfacing comprises the steps: with the preparation method of filling metallic particles for overlay
(1) selection of steel scrap: select the lOCrMo910 steel scrap for use (promptly according to the designing requirement of filling metal alloy composition
Cr-1Mo), its main chemical compositions (quality %) is: 0.12C, 0.52Mn, 0.40Si, 2.2Cr, 1.0Mo, 0.022S, 0.030P, oxygen and nitrogen content all are no more than 60ppm.
(2) according to the chemical composition design objective of desire system filling metallic particles for overlay welding,, determine that the kind and the quantity of interpolation alloy is as follows according to the chemical composition of the selected 10CrMo910 steel scrap of step (1):
The graphite of furnace charge gross mass 0.46%, 1.65% ferrosilicon (containing 45%Si, 3%Mn), 3.1% mid-carbon fe-mn (containing 79%Mn, 1.2%C).
(3) the selected steel scrap of step (1) is divided into two parts of A, B, A part is put into induction melting furnace earlier with the shortest time it is melted, the quantity of A part determines that according to the size of burner hearth with molten steel after melting 15mm～20mm can be arranged is principle deeply; Add slag former (solder flux 431) then, and with its fusing (set up the molten slag protective layer, secluding air contacts with molten steel), the addition of slag former is a principle to form the thick molten slag of 3mm～4mm at molten steel surface; After treating that molten slag forms, B part steel scrap is added in the induction melting furnace, add and fashionablely can not destroy the molten slag layer that molten steel is shielded, treat to continue melting 12 minutes behind B part scrap melting.
(4) step (2) is selected graphite, mid-carbon fe-mn, ferrosilicon add in the melted molten steel of step (3) successively, treat ferroalloy melt fully after refining 10 minutes again.
(5) molten steel (overheated 150～200 ℃) that step (4) is melted and its surperficial slag are poured in the insulation crucible that the bottom is provided with mozzle.
Wherein: the mozzle of described insulation crucible links to each other with leting slip a remark, the diameter of leting slip a remark is 8mm, around the exit same level height of leting slip a remark, be provided with nozzle, nozzle is a circular seam type, being square arranges, the described foursquare length of side is 300mm, and the described outlet of leting slip a remark is positioned at described square intersection of diagonal place; Nozzle inlet and High-Pressure Water pipe join, and the High-Pressure Water of jet expansion ejection is 40 ° of angles with the molten steel that flows out of leting slip a remark, and the High-Pressure Water of jet expansion ejection focuses on the vertical steel flow that flows out of the outlet of leting slip a remark; Leting slip a remark is provided with the collecting pit of bottom aslope (angle of slope and horizontal plane is 45 °) with the below of nozzle, the dark water of 1.8m is housed in the pond, and the water surface is 300mm apart from the nozzle focus point.
(6) the Xuan Ding diameter of leting slip a remark is 8mm, flow with 42kg/min makes the molten steel that is sunken to the bottom in the crucible by the outflow of leting slip a remark, open the nozzle of High-Pressure Water simultaneously, the molten steel that flows out with the pressure injection of 1.2MPa, after treating that molten steel all flows out, molten slag discards, molten steel under the percussion of High-Pressure Water, become little steel drip (water under high pressure of injection molten steel around can form a cascade, completely cut off air, the steam that water atomization simultaneously forms has also reduced the dividing potential drop of oxygen (oxygen derives from air) in the atmosphere, reduced the oxidation of molten steel), and cooled off fast, fall into the collecting pit that cooling water is housed, after little steel drips and solidifies, promptly become metallic particles;
(7) metallic particles in the taking-up collecting pit water is used oven for drying, and bake out temperature is 150 ℃, and temperature retention time is 30 minutes.
(8) metallic particles after the conventional vibrosieve equipment screening of employing is dried selects for use the metallic particles of different-grain diameter to mix use according to the requirement of welding procedure: perhaps, behind the metallic particles mixing after the oven dry, directly to use in proportion.
Main chemical compositions (quality %) through the final filling metallic particles for overlay that obtains of chemical composition analysis is that 0.43C, 0.75Si, 2.3Mn, 1.7Cr, 0.82Mo satisfy the composition designing requirement.
This filling metallic particles for overlay can be used for the hot-forging die that built-up welding cast steel or forged steel are made base substrate, with the deposited back of TIG air cooling hardness HRC45.
Embodiment 3:
High chrome built-up welding filling metallic particles for overlay.The design mix of main alloy element is that (quality %): 0.18C, 13.0Cr, 6.0Ni, 2.5Mo, 2.0W, other alloying element total amounts are no more than 2.5.
Hardfacing comprises the steps: with the preparation method of filling metallic particles for overlay
(1) selection of steel scrap: select the 10CrMo910 steel scrap for use (promptly according to the designing requirement of filling metal alloy composition
Cr-1Mo), its main chemical compositions (quality %) is: 0.12C, 0.52Mn, 0.40Si, 2.2Cr, 1.0Mo, 0.022S, 0.030P, oxygen, nitrogen content all are no more than 60ppm.
(2) according to the chemical composition design objective of desire system filling metallic particles for overlay welding,, determine that the kind and the quantity of interpolation alloy is as follows according to the chemical composition of the selected 10CrM0910 steel scrap of step (1):
The graphite of furnace charge gross mass 0.15%, 13.5% crome metal, 6.7% metallic nickel, 3.4% molybdenum-iron (containing 57%Mo, 0.2%C), 3.1% ferrotungsten (containing 70%W, 0.4%C, 1.0%Si).
(3) the selected steel scrap of step (1) is divided into two parts of A, B, A part is put into induction melting furnace earlier with the shortest time it is melted, the quantity of A part determines that according to the size of burner hearth with molten steel after melting 15mm～20mm can be arranged is principle deeply; Add slag former (solder flux 431) then, and with tool fusing (set up the molten slag protective layer, secluding air contacts with molten steel), the addition of slag former is a principle to form the thick molten slag of 3mm～4mm at molten steel surface; After treating that molten slag forms, B part steel scrap is added in the induction melting furnace, add and fashionablely can not destroy the molten slag layer that molten steel is shielded, treat to continue melting 12 minutes behind B part scrap melting.
(4) step (2) is selected graphite, crome metal, metallic nickel, molybdenum-iron, ferrotungsten add in the melted molten steel of step (3) successively, treat ferroalloy melt fully after refining 10 minutes again.
(5) molten steel (overheated 150～200 ℃) that step (4) is melted and its surperficial slag are poured in the insulation crucible that the bottom is provided with mozzle.
Wherein: the mozzle of described insulation crucible links to each other with leting slip a remark, the diameter of leting slip a remark is 8mm, around the exit same level height of leting slip a remark, be provided with nozzle, nozzle is a circular seam type, being square arranges, the described foursquare length of side is 300mm, and the described outlet of leting slip a remark is positioned at described square intersection of diagonal place; Nozzle inlet and High-Pressure Water pipe join, and the High-Pressure Water of jet expansion ejection is 40 ° of angles with the molten steel that flows out of leting slip a remark, and the High-Pressure Water of jet expansion ejection focuses on the vertical steel flow that flows out of the outlet of leting slip a remark; Leting slip a remark is provided with the collecting pit of bottom aslope (angle of slope and horizontal plane is 45 °) with the below of nozzle, the dark water of 1.8m is housed in the pond, and the water surface is 300mm apart from the nozzle focus point.
(6) the Xuan Ding diameter of leting slip a remark is 8mm, flow with 42kg/min makes the molten steel that is sunken to the bottom in the crucible by the outflow of leting slip a remark, open the nozzle of High-Pressure Water simultaneously, the molten steel that flows out with the pressure injection of 1.2MPa, after treating that molten steel all flows out, molten slag discards, molten steel under the percussion of High-Pressure Water, become little steel drip (water under high pressure of injection molten steel around can form a cascade, completely cut off air, the steam that water atomization simultaneously forms has also reduced the dividing potential drop of oxygen (oxygen derives from air) in the atmosphere, reduced the oxidation of molten steel), and cooled off fast, fall into the collecting pit that cooling water is housed, after little steel drips and solidifies, promptly become metallic particles;
(7) metallic particles in the taking-up collecting pit water is used oven for drying, and bake out temperature is 150 ℃, and temperature retention time is 30 minutes.
(8) metallic particles after the conventional vibrosieve equipment screening of employing is dried selects for use the metallic particles of different-grain diameter to mix use according to the requirement of welding procedure in proportion; Perhaps, behind the metallic particles mixing after the oven dry, directly use.
Main chemical compositions (the heavy % of matter) through the final filling metallic particles for overlay that obtains of chemical composition analysis is, 0.17C, 13.4Cr, 5.8Ni, 2.4Mo, 1.85W, and the total amount of other alloying elements satisfies GB EDCr-A less than 2.5
2-15 surfacing welding deposited metal composition requirements.Available carbon arc or TIG are electric arc deposited in surface of the work, and purposes is with surfacing welding EDCr-A
2-l5.
Embodiment 4:
Potassium steel built-up welding filling metallic particles for overlay.The design mix of main alloy element is (quality %): 1.1C, 15.0Mn, 0.6Si, 2.1Mo.
Hardfacing comprises the steps: with the preparation method of filling metallic particles for overlay
(1) selection of steel scrap: select the potassium steel of scrapping (cast steel) that contains Mo for use according to the designing requirement of filling metal alloy composition, its main chemical compositions (quality %) is: 1.2C, 15.0Mn, 0.4Si, 2.1Mo, oxygen and nitrogen content all are no more than 60ppm.
(2) according to the chemical composition design objective of desire system filling metallic particles for overlay welding,, determine that the kind and the quantity of interpolation alloy is as follows according to the chemical composition of the selected steel scrap of step (1):
The graphite of furnace charge gross mass 0.45%, 3.7% mid-carbon fe-mn (containing 79%Mn, 1.2%C), 0.42% molybdenum-iron (containing 57%Mo, 0.2%C), 1.1% ferrosilicon (containing 45%Si, 3.0%Mn).
(3) the selected steel scrap of step (1) is divided into two parts of A, B, A part is put into induction melting furnace earlier with the shortest time it is melted, the quantity of A part determines that according to the size of burner hearth with molten steel after melting 15mm～20mm can be arranged is principle deeply; Add slag former (solder flux 431) then, and with its fusing (set up the molten slag protective layer, secluding air contacts with molten steel), the addition of slag former is a principle to form the thick molten slag of 3mm～4mm at molten steel surface; After treating that molten slag forms, B part steel scrap is added in the induction melting furnace, add and fashionablely can not destroy the molten slag layer that molten steel is shielded, treat to continue melting 12 minutes behind B part scrap melting.
(4) step (2) is selected graphite, mid-carbon fe-mn, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon add in the melted molten steel of step (3) successively, treat ferroalloy melt fully after refining 10 minutes again.
(5) molten steel (overheated 150～200 ℃) that step (4) is melted and its surperficial slag are poured in the insulation crucible that the bottom is provided with mozzle.
Wherein: the mozzle of described insulation crucible links to each other with leting slip a remark, the diameter of leting slip a remark is 8mm, around the exit same level height of leting slip a remark, be provided with nozzle, nozzle is a circular seam type, being square arranges, the described foursquare length of side is 300mm, and the described outlet of leting slip a remark is positioned at described square intersection of diagonal place; Nozzle inlet and High-Pressure Water pipe join, and the High-Pressure Water of jet expansion ejection is 40 ° of angles with the molten steel that flows out of leting slip a remark, and the High-Pressure Water of jet expansion ejection focuses on the vertical steel flow that flows out of the outlet of leting slip a remark; Leting slip a remark is provided with the collecting pit of bottom aslope (angle of slope and horizontal plane is 45 °) with the below of nozzle, the dark water of 1.8m is housed in the pond, and the water surface is 300mm apart from the nozzle focus point.
(6) the Xuan Ding diameter of leting slip a remark is 8mm, flow with 42kg/min makes the molten steel that is sunken to the bottom in the crucible by the outflow of leting slip a remark, open the nozzle of High-Pressure Water simultaneously, the molten steel that flows out with the pressure injection of 1.2MPa, after treating that molten steel all flows out, molten slag discards, molten steel under the percussion of High-Pressure Water, become little steel drip (water under high pressure of injection molten steel around can form a cascade, completely cut off air, the steam that water atomization simultaneously forms has also reduced the dividing potential drop of oxygen (oxygen derives from air) in the atmosphere, reduced the oxidation of molten steel), and cooled off fast, fall into the collecting pit that cooling water is housed, after little steel drips and solidifies, promptly become metallic particles;
(7) metallic particles in the taking-up collecting pit water is used oven for drying, and bake out temperature is 150 ℃, and temperature retention time is 30 minutes.
(8) metallic particles after the conventional vibrosieve equipment screening of employing is dried selects for use the metallic particles of different-grain diameter to mix use according to the requirement of welding procedure in proportion; Perhaps, behind the metallic particles mixing after the oven dry, directly use.
Main chemical compositions (quality %) through the final filling metallic particles for overlay that obtains of chemical composition analysis is that 1.05C, 14.6Mn, 0.56Si, 2.0Mo satisfy the requirement of GB EDMn-B-16 surfacing welding deposited metal composition.Available carbon arc or TIG are electric arc deposited in surface of the work, are used for various disintegrating machines, bull-dozer etc. and are hit and the built-up welding of part easy to wear.
Embodiment 5:
High-speed steel built-up welding filling metallic particles for overlay.The design mix of main alloy element is (quality %): 0.8C, 4.1Cr, 18W, 1.2V.
Hardfacing comprises the steps: with the preparation method of filling metallic particles for overlay
(1) selection of steel scrap: select the leftover pieces of Q215 steel for use according to the designing requirement of filling metal alloy composition, its main chemical compositions (quality %) is: 0.14C, 0.38Mn, 0.2Si, 0.015S, 0.02P, oxygen and nitrogen content all are no more than 60ppm.
(2) according to the chemical composition design objective of desire system filling metallic particles for overlay welding,, determine that the kind and the quantity of interpolation alloy is as follows according to the chemical composition of the selected steel scrap of step (1):
The graphite of furnace charge gross mass 0.46%, 7.9% high carbon ferro-chrome (containing 65%Cr, 7%C, 3%Si), 3.0% vanadium iron (containing 50%V, 0.2%C), 27.1% ferrotungsten (containing 70%W, 1.0%Si, 0.4%C).
(3) the selected steel scrap of step (1) is divided into two parts of A, B, A part is put into induction melting furnace earlier with the shortest time it is melted, the quantity of A part determines that according to the size of burner hearth with molten steel after melting 15mm～20mm can be arranged is principle deeply; Add slag former (solder flux 431) then, and with its fusing (set up the molten slag protective layer, secluding air contacts with molten steel), the addition of slag former is a principle to form the thick molten slag of 3mm～4mm at molten steel surface; After treating that molten slag forms, B part steel scrap is added in the induction melting furnace, add and fashionablely can not destroy the molten slag layer that molten steel is shielded, treat to continue melting 12 minutes behind B part scrap melting.
(4) step (2) is selected graphite, high carbon ferro-chrome, ferrotungsten, vanadium iron add in the melted molten steel of step (3) successively, treat ferroalloy melt fully after refining 10 minutes again.
(5) molten steel (overheated 150～200 ℃) that step (4) is melted and its surperficial slag are poured in the insulation crucible that the bottom is provided with mozzle.
Wherein: the mozzle of described insulation crucible links to each other with leting slip a remark, the diameter of leting slip a remark is 8mm, around the exit same level height of leting slip a remark, be provided with nozzle, nozzle is a circular seam type, being square arranges, the described foursquare length of side is 300mm, and the described outlet of leting slip a remark is positioned at described square intersection of diagonal place; Nozzle inlet and High-Pressure Water pipe join, and the High-Pressure Water of jet expansion ejection is 40 ° of angles with the molten steel that flows out of leting slip a remark, and the High-Pressure Water of jet expansion ejection focuses on the vertical steel flow that flows out of the outlet of leting slip a remark; Leting slip a remark is provided with the collecting pit of bottom aslope (angle of slope and horizontal plane is 45 °) with the below of nozzle, the dark water of 1.8m is housed in the pond, and the water surface is 300mm apart from the nozzle focus point.
(6) the Xuan Ding diameter of leting slip a remark is 8mm, flow with 42kg/min makes the molten steel that is sunken to the bottom in the crucible by the outflow of leting slip a remark, open the nozzle of High-Pressure Water simultaneously, the molten steel that flows out with the pressure injection of 1.2MPa, after treating that molten steel all flows out, molten slag discards, molten steel under the percussion of High-Pressure Water, become little steel drip (water under high pressure of injection molten steel around can form a cascade, completely cut off air, the steam that water atomization simultaneously forms has also reduced the dividing potential drop of oxygen (oxygen derives from air) in the atmosphere, reduced the oxidation of molten steel), and cooled off fast, fall into the collecting pit that cooling water is housed, after little steel drips and solidifies, promptly become metallic particles;
(7) metallic particles in the taking-up collecting pit water is used oven for drying, and bake out temperature is 150 ℃, and temperature retention time is 30 minutes.
(8) metallic particles after the conventional vibrosieve equipment screening of employing is dried selects for use the metallic particles of different-grain diameter to mix use according to the requirement of welding procedure in proportion; Perhaps, behind the metallic particles mixing after the oven dry, directly use.
Main chemical compositions (quality %) through the final filling metallic particles for overlay that obtains of chemical composition analysis is that 0.76C, 3.95Cr, 17.6W, 1.16V satisfy the requirement of GB EDD-D-15 surfacing welding deposited metal composition.Available carbon arc or TIG are electric arc deposited in the cutting edge of cutter blank (as 45 steel), to reach the purpose that substitutes whole high-speed steel, also can be used for repairing cutter and other instrument of wearing and tearing.
Embodiment 6:
High-chromium alloy cast-iron hardfacing alloy particle.Deposited metal is used for wear-resistant grinding abrasion, and hardness requires HRC more than 50.Intend adopting and contain carbide and the wear-resistant Fe-Cr-C alloy mutually of boride, design mix is (quality %): 2.8～3.5C, 23.5～26.0Cr, 0.1～0.35B, 0.6～0.8Mn.This filling metallic particles for overlay can be used for wear-resistant grinding abrasion.
Hardfacing comprises the steps: with the preparation method of filling metallic particles for overlay
(1) selection of steel scrap: require to select the Q345 steel scrap for use according to the antifriction alloy composition Design, its main chemical compositions (quality %) is: 0.18C, 1.42Mn, 0.36Si, 0.017S, 0.015P.
(2),, determine that the kind and the quantity of interpolation alloy is as follows according to the chemical composition of the selected Q345 steel scrap of step (1) according to the chemical composition design objective of desire system hardfacing with filling metallic particles for overlay:
The high carbon ferro-chrome of furnace charge gross mass 41% (containing 65%Cr, 7%C, 3%Si), 0.90% graphite, 1.5% ferro-boron (containing 18%B, 0.5%C, 4%Si).
(3) the selected steel scrap of step (1) is divided into two parts of A, B, A part is put into induction melting furnace earlier with the shortest time it is melted, the quantity of A part determines that according to the size of burner hearth with molten steel after melting 15mm～20mm can be arranged is principle deeply; Add slag former (solder flux 431) then, and with its fusing (set up the molten slag protective layer, secluding air contacts with molten steel), the addition of slag former is a principle to form the thick molten slag of 3mm～4mm at molten steel surface; After treating that molten slag forms, B part steel scrap is added in the induction melting furnace, add and fashionablely can not destroy the molten slag layer that molten steel is shielded, treat to continue melting 12 minutes behind B part scrap melting.
(4) step (2) is selected high carbon ferro-chrome, graphite, ferro-boron add in the melted molten steel of step (3) successively, treat ferroalloy melt fully after refining 10 minutes again.
(5) molten steel (overheated 150～200 ℃) that step (4) is melted and its surperficial slag are poured in the insulation crucible that the bottom is provided with mozzle.
Wherein: the mozzle of described insulation crucible links to each other with leting slip a remark, the diameter of leting slip a remark is 8mm, around the exit same level height of leting slip a remark, be provided with nozzle, nozzle is a circular seam type, being square arranges, the described foursquare length of side is 300mm, and the described outlet of leting slip a remark is positioned at described square intersection of diagonal place; Nozzle inlet and High-Pressure Water pipe join, and the High-Pressure Water of jet expansion ejection is 40 ° of angles with the molten steel that flows out of leting slip a remark, and the High-Pressure Water of jet expansion ejection focuses on the vertical steel flow that flows out of the outlet of leting slip a remark; Leting slip a remark is provided with the collecting pit of bottom aslope (angle of slope and horizontal plane is 45 °) with the below of nozzle, the dark water of 1.8m is housed in the pond, and the water surface is 300mm apart from the nozzle focus point.
(6) the Xuan Ding diameter of leting slip a remark is 8mm, flow with 42kg/min makes the molten steel that is sunken to the bottom in the crucible by the outflow of leting slip a remark, open the nozzle of High-Pressure Water simultaneously, the molten steel that flows out with the pressure injection of 1.2MPa, after treating that molten steel all flows out, molten slag discards, molten steel under the percussion of High-Pressure Water, become little steel drip (water under high pressure of injection molten steel around can form a cascade, completely cut off air, the steam that water atomization simultaneously forms has also reduced the dividing potential drop of oxygen (oxygen derives from air) in the atmosphere, reduced the oxidation of molten steel), and cooled off fast, fall into the collecting pit that cooling water is housed, after little steel drips and solidifies, promptly become metallic particles;
(7) metallic particles in the taking-up collecting pit water is used oven for drying, and bake out temperature is 150 ℃, and temperature retention time is 30 minutes.
(8) metallic particles after the conventional vibrosieve equipment screening of employing is dried selects for use the metallic particles of different-grain diameter to mix use according to the requirement of welding procedure in proportion; Perhaps, behind the metallic particles mixing after the oven dry, directly use.
Main chemical compositions (quality %) through the final filling metallic particles for overlay that obtains of chemical composition analysis is that 3.1C, 24.8Cr, 0.67Mn, 0.13B, 1.12Si satisfy the composition designing requirement.
The filling metallic particles for overlay of producing as stated above is dispersed evenly to the Q345 surface of steel plate, with carbon arc scanning itself and part mother metal is melted then, solidify the back and promptly form wearing layer at surface of steel plate, the thickness of wearing layer is 4mm, hardness reaches HRC53, does not have crackle, and moulding is good.
Claims (10)
1. filling metallic particles for overlay welding, make by steel scrap and ferroalloy, it is characterized in that, described metallic particles is a ball or oval spherical, particle diameter is 0.1～5.0mm, its chemical composition by percentage to the quality, S less than 0.05%, P less than 0.05%, oxygen is no more than 60ppm, nitrogen is no more than 60ppm; Other chemical compositions require according to following deposited metal:
1) common low medium alloy steel deposited metal: C is no more than 1.2%, Mn is no more than 6.5%, Si is no more than 1.2%, Cr is no more than 5.5%, Mo is no more than 4.5%;
Or 2) Cr-W or Cr-Mo oxida-tion-resistant steel deposited metal: C are no more than 0.6%, Mn is no more than 3.0%, Si is no more than 1.2%, Cr is no more than 5.5%, Mo is no more than 3.0%, V is no more than 1.2%, W is no more than 11.0%;
Or 3) high chrome deposited metal: C is no more than 0.35%, Si is no more than 1.6%, Cr is 9.0%～18.0%, Ni is no more than 6.5%, Mo is no more than 3.0%, W is no more than 2.8%, Nb is no more than 0.8%, B is no more than 1.8%;
Or 4) potassium steel or Chromador deposited metal: C are no more than 1.2%, Mn is no more than 18.0%, Cr is no more than 18.0%, Mo is no more than 3.0%, W is no more than 5.5%, Si is no more than 1.3%;
Or 5) high-speed steel deposited metal: C is 0.6%～1.2%, Cr is 3.5%～5.0%, V is 0.9%～1.6%, W is 16.0%～20.0%;
Or 6) Martensitic Alloy Pig Iron deposited metal: C is no more than 5.0%, Cr is no more than 6.5%, Mo is no more than 5.5%, W is no more than 15.0%;
Or 7) high-chromium alloy cast-iron deposited metal: C is no more than 5.0%, Mn is no more than 3.5%, Si is no more than 3.2%, Cr is 15.0%～35.0%, Ni is no more than 8.0%, Mo is no more than 6.5%, W is no more than 21.0%, B is no more than 4.0%;
Or 8) austenite chrome-nickel steel deposited metal: C is no more than 0.2%, Mn is 0.5%～3.0%, Si is 3.2%～8.0%, Cr is 14.0%～22.0%, Ni is 6.0%～13.5%, Mo is no more than 5.5%, W is no more than 1.4%, V is no more than 1.4%, Nb is no more than 1.4%.
2. filling metallic particles for overlay welding as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described steel scrap is wrench, edges of boards, leftover pieces discarded in iron and steel enterprise or the steel user production process.
3. the preparation method of the described filling metallic particles for overlay welding of claim 1 comprises the steps:
(1) selection of steel scrap: the chemical composition of described steel scrap by percentage to the quality, S less than 0.05%, P less than 0.05%, oxygen is no more than 60ppm, nitrogen is no more than 60ppm; Other chemical compositions require according to following deposited metal:
1) common low medium alloy steel deposited metal: C is no more than 1.2%, Mn is no more than 6.5%, Si is no more than 1.2%, Cr is no more than 5.5%, Mo is no more than 4.5%;
Or 2) Cr-W or Cr-Mo oxida-tion-resistant steel deposited metal: C are no more than 0.6%, Mn is no more than 3.0%, Si is no more than 1.2%, Cr is no more than 5.5%, Mo is no more than 3.0%, V is no more than 1.2%, W is no more than 11.0%;
Or 3) high chrome deposited metal: C is no more than 0.35%, Si is no more than 1.6%, Cr is no more than 18.0%, Ni is no more than 6.5%, Mo is no more than 3.0%, W is no more than 2.8%, Nb is no more than 0.8%, B is no more than 1.8%;
Or 4) potassium steel or Chromador deposited metal: C are no more than 1.2%, Mn is no more than 18.0%, Cr is no more than 18.0%, Mo is no more than 3.0%, W is no more than 5.5%, Si is no more than 1.3%;
Or 5) high-speed steel deposited metal: C is no more than 1.2%, Cr is no more than 5.0%, V is no more than 1.6%, W is no more than 20.0%;
Or 6) Martensitic Alloy Pig Iron deposited metal: C is no more than 5.0%, Cr is no more than 6.5%, Mo is no more than 5.5%, W is no more than 15.0%;
Or 7) high-chromium alloy cast-iron deposited metal: C is no more than 5.0%, Mn is no more than 3.5%, Si is no more than 3.2%, Cr is no more than 35.0%, Ni is no more than 8.0%, Mo is no more than 6.5%, W is no more than 21.0%, B is no more than 4.0%;
Or 8) austenite chrome-nickel steel deposited metal: C is no more than 0.2%, Mn is no more than 3.0%, Si is no more than 8.0%, Cr is no more than 22.0%, Ni is no more than 13.5%, Mo is no more than 5.5%, W is no more than 1.4%, V is no more than 1.4%, Nb is no more than 1.4%;
(2) according to the chemical composition index of desire system filling metallic particles for overlay welding, determine whether to need to add alloying constituent according to the chemical composition of the selected steel scrap of step (1), and the kind and the quantity of adding alloying constituent;
(3) step (1) is selected steel scrap is divided into two parts of A, B, A part is put into induction melting furnace earlier with the shortest time it is melted, and the quantity of A part determines that according to the size of burner hearth with molten steel after melting 10mm～20mm can be arranged is principle deeply; Add slag former then, and with its fusing, the addition of slag former is a principle to form the thick molten slag of 3mm～4mm at molten steel surface; After treating that molten slag forms, B part steel scrap is added in the induction melting furnace, add and fashionablely can not destroy the molten slag layer that molten steel is shielded, treat to continue melting 10～15 minutes behind B part scrap melting;
(4) according to step (2) determine add alloying constituent kind and quantity add alloying constituent successively, treat its melt fully after refining 5～12 minutes again;
(5) melted molten steel and its surperficial slag are poured in the insulation crucible that the bottom is provided with mozzle;
Wherein: the mozzle of described insulation crucible links to each other with leting slip a remark, and the diameter of leting slip a remark is changed selection according to the grain diameter of desire preparation in 6～20mm; Be provided with nozzle around the exit same level height of leting slip a remark, nozzle is a circular seam type, is square and arranges, and the described foursquare length of side is 200～500mm, and the described outlet of leting slip a remark is positioned at described square intersection of diagonal place; Nozzle inlet and high pressure liquid stream or high pressure draught pipe join, the high pressure liquid stream or the air-flow of jet expansion ejection and the molten steel that flows out of leting slip a remark are 30 °～60 ° angles, and high pressure liquid stream or high pressure draught that jet expansion sprays focus on the vertical steel flow that flows out of the outlet of leting slip a remark; Leting slip a remark is provided with the collecting pit of bottom aslope with the below of nozzle, the dark liquid cooling medium of 1.5～2m is housed in the pond, and dielectric fluid identity distance nozzle focus point is 200～500mm;
(6) replace with leting slip a remark of selected diameter, flow with 10～50kg/min makes the molten steel that is sunken to the bottom in the crucible by the outflow of leting slip a remark, and opens the nozzle of high pressure liquid stream or high pressure draught simultaneously, the molten steel that flows out with the pressure injection of 0.8～10MPa, after treating that molten steel all flows out, molten slag discards, and molten steel becomes little steel and drips under the percussion of high pressure liquid stream or high pressure draught, and cooled off fast, fall into the collecting pit that liquid cooling medium is housed, after little steel drips and solidifies, promptly become metallic particles;
(7) metallic particles in the taking-up collecting pit water is used oven for drying, and bake out temperature is 120～180 ℃, and temperature retention time is 20～40 minutes;
(8) metallic particles after the conventional vibrosieve equipment screening of employing is dried selects for use the metallic particles of different-grain diameter to mix use according to the requirement of welding procedure in proportion; Perhaps, behind the metallic particles mixing after the oven dry, directly use.
4. the preparation method of filling metallic particles for overlay welding as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the described steel scrap of step (1) is selected one of DB590 steel discarded in iron and steel enterprise or the steel user production process, X70 steel, Q345 steel, 10CrMo910 steel.
5. the preparation method of filling metallic particles for overlay welding as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, step (2) or (4) described alloying constituent are one of ferrosilicon, molybdenum-iron, ferrochrome, ferro-niobium, metallic nickel, copper, ferromanganese, ferrotianium, ferrotungsten or part or all of.
6. the preparation method of filling metallic particles for overlay welding as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the described slag former of step (3) is a submerged-arc welding solder flux 431 commonly used.
7. the preparation method of filling metallic particles for overlay welding as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, high pressure liquid stream or air-flow and the molten steel that flows out of leting slip a remark of the described nozzle ejection of step (5) are 35 °～45; Described dielectric fluid identity distance nozzle focus point distance is 200～350mm.
8. the preparation method of filling metallic particles for overlay welding as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, step (5) or (6) described high pressure liquid stream are water under high pressures, and high pressure draught is a high pressure nitrogen; Liquid cooling medium in the described collecting pit is a water.
9. the preparation method of filling metallic particles for overlay welding as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the high pressure liquid stream of the described nozzle ejection of step (6) or the pressure of high pressure draught are 1.0～6.0MPa.
10. the preparation method of filling metallic particles for overlay welding as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, when the described diameter of leting slip a remark of step (6) is chosen to be 6mm, the molten steel that is sunken to the crucible bottom with the flow of 18～22kg/min by the outflow of leting slip a remark; When the diameter of leting slip a remark is chosen to be 8mm, the molten steel that is sunken to the crucible bottom with the flow of 42～46kg/min by the outflow of leting slip a remark.
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| CNB2007100134218A CN100443246C (en) | 2007-01-30 | 2007-01-30 | Filling metallic particles for overlay welding and its preparation method |
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| CNB2007100134218A CN100443246C (en) | 2007-01-30 | 2007-01-30 | Filling metallic particles for overlay welding and its preparation method |
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| CN101015887A true CN101015887A (en) | 2007-08-15 |
| CN100443246C CN100443246C (en) | 2008-12-17 |
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| CN101439445B (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2010-09-15 | 益阳橡胶塑料机械集团有限公司 | Hard-face overlaying welding material and use thereof |
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| US4426428A (en) * | 1981-11-20 | 1984-01-17 | Eutectic Corporation | Nickel-base welding electrode |
| CN1152767C (en) * | 2001-08-08 | 2004-06-09 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Microtitanium-boron high-toughness gas protective welding stick |
| US20040112474A1 (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2004-06-17 | Rikiya Kato | Lead-free solder ball |
| CN1273261C (en) * | 2004-05-25 | 2006-09-06 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院 | Surfacing electrode and application thereof |
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| CN101817125B (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2011-12-07 | 北京赛亿表面工程技术有限公司 | Method for preparing amorphous abrasion-resistant surfacing coat |
| CN102380716A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2012-03-21 | 北京工业大学 | Flux-cored wire for medium chromium boron-containing iron-based hardfacing and method for preparing surfacing alloys |
| CN103372731A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2013-10-30 | 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 | Flux containing a nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr) alloy for electroslag over-lay welding (esw) |
| CN102689116A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2012-09-26 | 中冶焊接科技有限公司 | Preparation method of flux-cored wires with refined deposited metal crystalline grains and uniform tissues |
| CN103447542A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-12-18 | 上海大学 | Method and device for preparation of micron-sized iron-based hollow sphere material |
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