CN101004801A - Method for clipping and instantiating process models of item - Google Patents
Method for clipping and instantiating process models of item Download PDFInfo
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- CN101004801A CN101004801A CNA2006100235159A CN200610023515A CN101004801A CN 101004801 A CN101004801 A CN 101004801A CN A2006100235159 A CNA2006100235159 A CN A2006100235159A CN 200610023515 A CN200610023515 A CN 200610023515A CN 101004801 A CN101004801 A CN 101004801A
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Abstract
A method for shearing and programming project process model includes maintaining all project activities in databank, maintaining and organizing standard lifetime period, selecting standard lifetime period to generate project lifetime period of its own project after its own project is approved, adding on or shearing off the other activities not included in standard software process on project lifetime period after project is finalized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method that a kind of project process model is built, especially the software project process model is set up, the method for cutting and exampleization.
Background technology
Current software engineering environment becomes increasingly complex.Therefore with the life cycle of identifying project, project model information all is to be scattered in the project document, can't carry out uniform and effective management, the dynamic generation of the process model of project, and effectively reduced according to the needs of project itself.
The project management level that how to promote software enterprise becomes the focus that many growing software enterprises pay close attention to day by day, by the first-selection of ISO or the most of enterprises of CMM authentication becoming.But at verification process or implement the later stage, enterprise can face undoubtedly the cycle long, invisible cost is high and be difficult to keep problems such as long-acting.Therefore many enterprises begin to consider to implement project and quality management with standard enterprise by the ripe software project management instrument of a cover.But all there is not well to solve the Construction Problems of the process model of a project at present in the project process management instrument that exists, different project life cycle model for disparity items can't well be described, and still lacks at project process model construction field and is fit to effective means.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides the method for cutting of a kind of project process model and exampleization, it can be managed concentratedly project activity, utilize template procedure to set up the standard software process that is fit to, be convenient to similar terms and reuse, thereby provide " exampleization " and " cutting " ability for the project development group the project process.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the method for project process model of the present invention cutting and exampleization may further comprise the steps:
The project activity management process is used for all items activity that tissue uses is maintained in Database Systems;
The management process of life cycle is used for maintenance organization standard life cycle, sets up the organizational standard life cycle according to the project activity process of WBS (job analysis) structural maintenance tissue, supports the establishment ability to various life cycle models;
Project exampleization step, be used for project leader project verification after, selects suitable organizational standard life cycle to generate the project life cycle of oneself, the life cycle of the project after the selection just is consistent with the life cycle masterplate of organizing;
Project life cycle cutting step, after the life cycle exampleization of a project is finished, this step is used to judge whether it is reduced, when the life cycle of the project after the exampleization is not in the organizational standard life cycle, be used for to one the project life cycle behind the example add or cutting not in the sundry item activity of standard software process.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the standard software process of one-level is organized in customization unifiedly and flexibly, is convenient to the maintenance of organizational life cycle.The application of the invention, software organization can unify to safeguard various general standard software processes, comprises waterfall type life cycle, prototyping life cycle and incremental life cycle etc.Software organization also can formulate the project life cycle of organizing other according to the needs of self, uses for the project of organization internal.Thereby reach customization flexibly, maintainable strong purpose.
2, realize " exampleization " function of life cycle, make things convenient for project to use.The application of the invention, the project of software organization can the shareware tissue the standard life cycle, need not all to customize life cycle separately for each project.Project team can be according to the process capability of various life cycles, and the process that selection and project are suitable is carried out the exploitation of project.The organizational standard life cycle, the project development group of making can be shared the experience in the project implementation process to greatest extent, avoids the adverse effect that causes owing to unfamiliar project activity, reaches the purpose of continual and steady process capability.
3, realize the clipping function of the project life cycle, make project can face various complex situations.When the standard software process of tissue can't satisfy project demand, can use clipping function in the claimed range of organizing the cutting rules, to set up new life cycle, make project team can tackle the complex engineering development situation, guarantee carrying out smoothly of project exploitation.Simultaneously, after complete through project life cycle of cutting, tissue can also be made a concrete analysis of the ability of this process, adds in the organizational standard life cycle determining whether, so that following sharing to other soft project groups.
4, convenient follow-up works such as collection analysis to each phase data of project.Adopt software management system of the present invention to gather project process data according to the life-cycle processes of project easily, also can carry out easily the statistical study work in the project life cycle in each stage.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment:
Fig. 1 is a concrete process flow diagram of implementing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the management process control flow chart of life cycle among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a project exampleization step control flow chart among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the life cycle cutting step control flow chart of project among Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Project process model of the present invention is reduced and the method for exampleization, is to organize all used project activities to put in order, according to organizing in the past the experience of project to form various life cycle models, is maintained in the Database Systems.When the project leader sets up the life cycle of project, can select a kind of most suitable organizational standard life cycle and the example be become the life cycle of project according to the life cycle implementation data of organizing project in the past.The life cycle of project manager's project that also can obtain after to example according to the concrete requirement of project cutting rules relevant with tissue is optimized interpolation or cutting project activity if necessary.Provide " exampleization " and " cutting " ability by the present invention for the project development group to the project process; Also allow in the tissue projects share life cycle, improve the degree of ripeness of tissue.
As shown in Figure 1, realize that project process model of the present invention is reduced and the method for exampleization mainly may further comprise the steps:
The project activity management process.This step will organize all items activity of using to be maintained in the tabulation of Database Systems project activity.Typical project activity comprises processes such as development plan, demand analysis, basic design, coding, test.Project activity has write down the definition of a tissue to this activity, should comprise information such as process title, procedural type, process prescription at least.
The management process of life cycle.This step is used for according to WBS structural maintenance organizational standard life cycle.Set up the organizational standard life cycle by the project activity process of organizing that the project activity management process is safeguarded.In this step, support establishment ability to various life cycle models.Any establishment function comprising various life cycles such as waterfall type life cycle, incremental life cycle and prototyping life cycles.
Project exampleization step.After being used for project leader's project verification, select suitable organizational standard life cycle to generate the life cycle of the project of oneself.The life cycle of the project after the selection just is consistent with the standard life cycle masterplate of organizing, and the building work of the carrying out project life cycle that need not repeat.Can select identical life cycle fully for similar terms, and need not set up life cycle again, thereby keep the ease for use of process and the stability of ability for each project.
The life cycle cutting step of project.After the life cycle exampleization of a project was finished, this step was used to judge whether it is reduced.When the life cycle of the project after the exampleization is not in the organizational standard life cycle, this step be used for to one the life cycle of the project behind the example add or cutting not in the sundry item activity of organizational standard life cycle.Make project team can tackle the complex engineering development situation, in the scope that tissue allows, make up specific life cycle model, satisfy the target and the requirement of project exploitation.
Further describing the present invention below is how dynamically to realize project life cycle process model cutting and exampleization:
1, the management of life cycle
As shown in Figure 2, the management process of life cycle promptly is to set up the process of organizational standard life cycle (setting up the life cycle masterplate), and it may further comprise the steps: define standard life cycle title, be selected into project activity, set up project activity WBS structure, preserve the standard life cycle.
Definition standard life cycle title step at first will be filled in the title of the standard life cycle that will set up, also needs the characteristics and the usable range of this life cycle are described, so that the project leader goes decision whether to choose this life cycle according to these information.
Being selected into the project activity step, is that the project activity tabulation of all activities that will carry out of this standard life cycle from database chosen in this life cycle.
Setting up project activity WBS configuration steps, is that the activity that will choose is organized according to the WBS tree structure, is convenient to tissue, and management is used and browsed.
Preservation standard life cycle step is that the standard life cycle that establishment is finished is kept in the data system, is used for the project example use.
The project process model is reduced and routineization technology, is all items activity that tissue uses is put in order, is maintained in the tabulation of Database Systems project activity.After approving and initiate a project, can be according to the needs of oneself, the project activity in the selective listing is formed oneself project definition software process and life cycle.Project activity tabulation can be safeguarded according to the process improvement situation and upgraded by the process improvement group of tissue.The life cycle that the process improvement group also can be set up standard directly offers project team's use, and more common life cycle has waterfall type, incremental and prototyping at present.
The waterfall type itself has been represented modal life cycle, and the waterfall type is defined as the some stage work that connect according to permanent order with the Activities of software life-cycle, and shape such as driven by waterfall finally obtain software product.
Incremental exploitation life cycle derives from iterative model, the exploitation of each increment is called little version exploitation, and each incremental development process comprises the whole development activities that produce product issue (stable, executable product version) and uses the essential every other periphery of this issue.Very similar of incremental development and iterative model, RUP (Rational Rational Unified Process) thinks that all stages (demand and other) can be subdivided into iteration.Iteration each time all can produce the product that can issue, and this product is a subclass of final products.
Prototype in the prototyping is meant the master pattern of the system that simulation will be developed.In software process, prototype is the early stage version that can move of software, the part key property of its reflection final system.Rapid prototyping (Rapid Prototyping or Quick Prototyping also claim EarlyPrototyping, are called for short Prototyping) is a kind of software development methodology that grows up for some drawbacks that overcome waterfall type life cycle.
Comprehensive top three life cycles commonly used are not difficult to find that each process in the life cycle all is a basically identical, and process has formed all kinds of life cycles with different array mode between the process.At the characteristics of above-mentioned life cycle, the present invention uses the project process model to reduce and routineization technology, has designed the notion of the masterplate process of life cycle.
Use the masterplate process function of life cycle, can be combined into the life cycle that various projects need.Life cycle adopts the tree of infinite stages to represent, and each masterplate process can have subprocess, father's process and fraternal process.
2, project exampleization
As shown in Figure 3, the process of project exampleization promptly is the example process to the life cycle masterplate of having set up, and it comprises the steps: at first to judge whether the project of establishment is new project, if not new project is then controlled end; If new project is operation as follows then, select the organizational standard life cycle, duplicate life cycle WBS structure, set up the life cycle of project, the life cycle of display items display.
Judging whether the step for new projects, is whether inspection item has set up life cycle, has only those projects of not setting up life cycle just need enter the instantiation step.
Select organizational standard life cycle step, be the project leader according to being based upon the organizational standard life cycle in the Database Systems and characteristics, the scope of application of description thereof, and the capacity data of process etc., determine to use the life cycle template of which kind of organizational life cycle as own project.
Duplicate life cycle WBS configuration steps, the WBS structure of the organizational standard life cycle chosen is duplicated to project by system.
Setting up the life cycle step of project, is to be fully independently life cycle template of establishment of item one cover with duplicating the WBS structure, realizes the instantiation of life cycle.
Display items display life cycle step is to show the project life cycle of will create, and then prepares next step cutting if necessary.
The life cycle template has been arranged, so how in project, use? the model exampleization technology of life cycle can address this problem well.Exampleization is meant that each different project can be with institutional life cycle model instantiation in concrete project.The life cycle of each instantiation just example dissolves, and has belonged to each independently project.The masterplate of life cycle has adopted the tree of the mode of WBS coding to describe organizational life cycle.Be this tree to be copied in the corresponding project go on the example process nature of life cycle masterplate.Project itself is also safeguarded the tree of a life cycle.
3, the life cycle cutting of project
As shown in Figure 4, the life cycle cutting process of project is: select project activity relevant in the life cycle, be selected into the cutting action, preserve the project life cycle, show the new project life cycle.
Selecting project activity step relevant in the life cycle, is to know the object that will be moved earlier before going on foot action down.
Be selected into the cutting action step, comprise and select to insert and the deletion action.Insert before insert action is divided into and insert afterwards, the project activity of insertion need specified in the project activity tabulation before the action separately.
Preserving project life cycle step, is that the project life cycle information that will revise is saved in the database.
Showing new project life cycle step, is that amended project life cycle information is shown on the page, thereby reaches the effect of What You See Is What You Get.
At each project independently, can be according to the actual needs of project, according to the reduction guide of organizational process the life cycle of own project is carried out cutting, be the conversion process of tree on the cutting process nature of the life cycle of project.As long as program realizes upward can realizing the editing operation of tree and just can satisfy the trimming operation of the life cycle masterplate of project, thereby realizes the tailoring technique of life cycle.By the cutting and the routineization technology of project process model, can use various different classes of development models well, have huge dirigibility.
Claims (5)
1, the method for cutting of a kind of project process model and exampleization is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
The project activity management process is used for all items activity that tissue uses is maintained in Database Systems;
The management process of life cycle is used for maintenance organization standard life cycle, sets up the organizational standard life cycle according to the project activity process of WBS structural maintenance tissue, supports the establishment ability to various life cycle models;
Project exampleization step, be used for project leader project verification after, selects suitable organizational standard life cycle to generate the project life cycle of oneself, the life cycle of the project after the selection just is consistent with the life cycle masterplate of organizing;
Project life cycle cutting step, after the life cycle exampleization of a project is finished, this step is used to judge whether it is reduced, when the life cycle of the project after the exampleization is not in the organizational standard life cycle, be used for to one the project life cycle behind the example add or cutting not in the sundry item activity of standard software process.
2, the method for project process model according to claim 1 cutting and exampleization is characterized in that: described life cycle comprises waterfall type life cycle, incremental life cycle and prototyping life cycle.
3, the method for project process model according to claim 1 cutting and exampleization is characterized in that: the management process of described life cycle is promptly set up the process of organizational standard life cycle, and it may further comprise the steps:
Definition standard life cycle title step at first will be filled in the title of the standard life cycle that will set up, also needs the characteristics and the usable range of this life cycle are described, so that the project leader goes decision whether to choose this life cycle according to these information;
Being selected into the project activity step, is that the project activity tabulation of all activities that will carry out of this standard life cycle from database chosen in this life cycle;
Setting up project activity WBS configuration steps, is that the activity that will choose is organized according to the WBS tree structure, is convenient to tissue, and management is used and browsed;
Preservation standard life cycle step is that the standard life cycle that establishment is finished is kept in the data system, is used for the project example use.
4, the method for project process model according to claim 1 cutting and exampleization is characterized in that: the process of described project exampleization promptly is that it comprises the steps: to the example process of the life cycle masterplate of having set up
Judge at first whether the project of setting up is new project, if not new project is then controlled end; If new project is operation as follows then;
Select organizational standard life cycle step, be the project leader according to being based upon the organizational standard life cycle in the Database Systems and characteristics, the scope of application of description thereof, and the capacity data of process etc., determine to use the life cycle template of which kind of organizational life cycle as own project;
Duplicate life cycle WBS configuration steps, the WBS structure of the organizational standard life cycle chosen is duplicated to project by system;
Setting up the life cycle step of project, is to be fully independently life cycle template of establishment of item one cover with duplicating the WBS structure, realizes the instantiation of life cycle;
Display items display life cycle step is to show the project life cycle of will create, and then prepares next step cutting if necessary.
5, the method for project process model according to claim 1 cutting and exampleization is characterized in that: the life cycle cutting process of described project is:
Selecting project activity step relevant in the life cycle, is to know the object that will be moved earlier before going on foot action down;
Be selected into the cutting action step, comprise and select to insert and the deletion action; Insert before insert action is divided into and insert afterwards, the project activity of insertion need specified in the project activity tabulation before the action separately;
Preserving project life cycle step, is that the project life cycle information that will revise is saved in the database;
Showing new project life cycle step, is that amended project life cycle information is shown on the page, thereby reaches the effect of What You See Is What You Get.
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| CNA2006100235159A CN101004801A (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2006-01-20 | Method for clipping and instantiating process models of item |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103034930A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-10 | 中国航空无线电电子研究所 | Automation software life cycle model deployment system |
| CN106325823A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2017-01-11 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | Project prototype management method and device |
| CN114860197A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-08-05 | 中国农业银行股份有限公司 | Project management method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
-
2006
- 2006-01-20 CN CNA2006100235159A patent/CN101004801A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103034930A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-10 | 中国航空无线电电子研究所 | Automation software life cycle model deployment system |
| CN103034930B (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2016-01-20 | 中国航空无线电电子研究所 | Automated software life cycle model deployment system |
| CN106325823A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2017-01-11 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | Project prototype management method and device |
| CN106325823B (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2019-08-16 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | Project prototype manages method and apparatus |
| CN114860197A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-08-05 | 中国农业银行股份有限公司 | Project management method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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Open date: 20070725 |