CN101003405A - Denitrified biological denitrificaion equipment of intensified internal source, and method - Google Patents
Denitrified biological denitrificaion equipment of intensified internal source, and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101003405A CN101003405A CN 200710062868 CN200710062868A CN101003405A CN 101003405 A CN101003405 A CN 101003405A CN 200710062868 CN200710062868 CN 200710062868 CN 200710062868 A CN200710062868 A CN 200710062868A CN 101003405 A CN101003405 A CN 101003405A
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Abstract
This invention discloses apparatus and method for biological denitrification of wastewater by reinforced inner source reverse nitrification. The method solves the problem of low denitrification efficiency, high operation energy consumption, large floor area, and high sludge productivity faced by present wastewater treatment techniques. The method comprises: introducing wastewater from inlet pipe into grid and sand-settlement pool for treatment, mixing with returned sludge from the precipitation pool, and sending into a hydrolysis and acidification pool to reduce sludge and raise wastewater biochemical capacity. The hydrolysis and acidification liquid is used as the carbon source for anaerobic pool denitrification to reinforce the inner source reverse nitrification process in the anaerobic pool. Organic matters in wastewater are completely removed in the aerobic pool, and ammonia and nitrogen are completely converted into nitrate nitrogen by nitrobacteria. Sludge and water are separated in the precipitation pool, the supernatant is discharged via the outlet pipe, and residual sludge is returned to the hydrolysis and acidification pool. The whole system discharges sludge from the hydrolysis and acidification pool. This invention has such advantages as low energy consumption, high efficiency, low investment.
Description
Technical field
This invention relates to a kind of waste disposal plant and method thereof, particularly a kind of devices and methods therefor that is used for biological denitrificaion.
Background technology
Along with China's rapid economy development, the water resources imbalance between supply and demand intensifies day by day.And the existing sewage work of China is very low and unstable to the clearance of main nutrient-nitrogen of causing body eutrophication, causes the aggravation of body eutrophication phenomenon.Therefore, efficient, the economic biological denitrification process of research and development has become current focus.In the denitrification treatment process of sewage, biological process is simple because of technology, processing power is strong, operation scheme is flexible, has become the important method of municipal effluent denitrogenation processing in recent years, and has been used widely.According to the principle of biological denitrificaion, be the element of all biological denitrification process in anoxic, aerobic synergy with the removal of the nitrogen in the sewage by microorganism.Common have anoxic/aerobic (A/O) biological denitrification process, an anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic (A
2/ O) biological denitrification phosphorous removal technique and the improved on this basis pair of channel type oxidation channel technology and SBR technology etc.In fact, for biological denitrificaion, when the BOD concentration in the sewage higher when higher (be C/N value in the sewage), when biodegradable organic is arranged again fully fast, NO
2 -The denitrification rate maximum, the water conservancy residence time (HRT) of anoxic pond is that 0.5～1.0h gets final product; If the C/N value is very low, then anoxic pond HRT is 2～3h.This shows that the C/N that sewage is lower not only causes nitric efficiency to reduce, and need to increase the volume of anoxic section structures.Sewage for low C/N, in order to realize the qualified discharge of nitrogen, general employing adds carbon source to the denitrification section of system, thereby improve the nitric efficiency of system, the carbon source that often adds in the engineering has organism such as methyl alcohol, ethanol at present, but has also improved the working cost of system when realizing the nitrogen qualified discharge.
For this reason, the researchist had proposed the short-cut nitrification and denitrification bio-denitrification technology in recent years, was about to nitrifying process and was controlled at the nitrite stage, stoped NO
2 -Further nitrated, directly carry out denitrification then.Compare with the traditional biological denitrification process, short distance nitration/denitrification biological denitrogenation technology can be saved oxygen-supplying amount about 25%; Save the required carbon source about 40% of denitrification.Biological denitrificaion novel procesies such as SHARON technology, ANAMMOX technology, CANON technology, De-AMMONIFICATION technology, OLAND technology have also been developed simultaneously, these novel procesies are being saved the required carbon source of denitrification process in varying degrees, for the biological denitrificaion of low C/N sewage has been opened up new way.But these novel procesies are because the operational conditions complexity, poor stability, requirement can guarantee treatment effect to entire treatment process implementing on-line Control, and generally actual sewage treatment plant water quality, hydraulics are difficult to realize stabilization, and these objective factors have limited the productivity of denitrogenation novel process and used.
Relevantly discover that 40.50% total dry matter in the general active sludge is to be present in the cell with liquid polymer state,, this class carbon source in the active sludge can't be utilized because bacteria cell wall is difficult to destroy.The carbohydrate that contains in the excess sludge (50.2%), protein (26.7%), fat (20.0%) all belong to biodegradable at a slow speed carbon source, if these materials are converted into available readily biodegradable carbon, be used for denitrification system, then can improve the biological denitrificaion efficient of sewage greatly, avoided additional carbon, realize the minimizing processing of mud simultaneously, saved construction, working cost.
Therefore, exploitation tallies with the national condition, especially is fit to the denitride technology efficiently of existing sewage work upgrading energetically, the advantage of the uniqueness of original technology is given full play to, carry out biological denitrificaion fundamental research more in depth, develop more scientific and rational high-level efficiency processing method, explore easy, energy-conservation, high-efficiency biological denitrification technology, this also is the key point that bio-denitrification technology gos deep into engineering practice.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is for the nitric efficiency that improves sewage treatment process, reduces sludge yield, reduces operation and construction cost, solves the problem that the traditional waste water treatment process nitric efficiency is low, sludge yield is high, realizes the energy-saving and cost-reducing of sewage disposal.
A kind of denitrified biological denitrificaion equipment of intensified internal source is composed in series by water inlet pipe 1, grid 2, settling pit 3, hydrolysis acidification pool 4, anoxic pond 5, Aerobic Pond 6, settling tank 7, rising pipe 8 orders.Be connected by reflux sludge tube 12 between settling tank 7 bottoms and hydrolysis acidification pool 4 bottoms; Be connected by reflux sludge tube 14 between settling tank 7 bottoms and anoxic pond 5 feed-water ends; Be connected by reflux sludge tube 13 between Aerobic Pond 6 water sides and anoxic pond 5 feed-water ends.
Described hydrolysis acidification pool 4 bottoms are connected with settling pit 3 rising pipes 18, the top is provided with captation 17, captation 17 is connected with the water inlet pipe 19 of anoxic pond 5, also comprises being followed successively by suspended sludge area I, mud-water separation district II, microbial film stiffened region III from bottom to top; Suspended sludge area I is provided with recycle pump 9, and recycle pump 9 is connected with settling pit rising pipe 18 with suspended sludge area I respectively, forms a circulation loop; Suspended sludge area I is provided with mud discharging mouth 10, and mud-water separation district II is connected by reducer union 16 with suspended sludge area I; Microbial film stiffened region III filled biomass carrier, its packing volume ratio is 30%～60%, and when value was lower than this span, acidication efficient was lower, and when being higher than this span, microbial film stiffened region III easily stops up.
The method that a kind of denitrified biological denitrificaion equipment of intensified internal source is disposed of sewage may further comprise the steps:
1) sewage flows into grid 2 by water inlet pipe 1, removes floating matter in the water body, and grid 2 water outlets enter settling pit 3, remove bigger particulate matter.
2) above-mentioned settling pit 3 water outlets enter hydrolysis acidification pool 4, enter hydrolysis acidification pool 4 and mix with settling tank 7 backflow excess sludges before, pass through suspended sludge area I, mud-water separation district II, microbial film stiffened region III in hydrolysis acidification pool 4 from bottom to top successively.Suspended sludge area I is provided with recycle pump 9, makes mud be in swelling state, removes partial organic substances fast by absorption, physics settlement action, realizes mud-water separation at mud-water separation district II, thereby realizes separating of hydraulic detention time and solid retention time.
3) 4 water outlets of said hydrolyzed acidification pool enter anoxic pond 5, at first mix with the returned sluge and the Aerobic Pond 6 backflow nitrification liquids of settling tank 7, make to keep higher denitrification denitrogenation efficient in the anoxic pond 5, under agitator 11 stirs, carry out denitrification denitrogenation, remove organism simultaneously.
4) above-mentioned anoxic pond 5 water outlets enter Aerobic Pond 6, and the degraded residual organic substances is carried out nitration reaction under the nitrobacteria effect, ammonia nitrogen all is converted into nitric nitrogen, and Aerobic Pond 6 water side nitrification liquids are back to anoxic section 5 feed-water ends by nitrification liquid return line 14.
5) Aerobic Pond 6 water outlets enter settling tank 7, settling tank 7 supernatant liquors are discharged from rising pipe 8, excess sludge all is back to hydrolysis acidification pool 4 by residual sludge reflux pipe 12, realize the acidication processing of mud, the acidication liquid of mud is as the carbon source of anoxic pond 5 denitrification denitrogenations, and mud is realized minimizing behind acidication; Settling tank 7 precipitating sludges are back to anoxic pond 5 by mud return line 14.
The beneficial effect of the invention
(1) utilizes hydrolysis acidification pool as sewage, mud integrated treatment unit and method thereof, can reduce the aeration rate and the hydraulic detention time of Aerobic Pond, reduce operation and construction cost.
Preliminary sedimentation tank is adopted in traditional municipal effluent pre-treatment, by the larger particles material in the physical method removal sewage, and the pre-treatment of employing acidication, because it contains higher sludge concentration and anaerobion, not only can remove suspended substance or organism in the waste water significantly by physical adsorption, settlement action, the acidication bacterium can be decomposed into small molecules by perienzyme with hardly degraded organic substance in the sewage simultaneously, micromolecular hydrolysate can be dissolved in water and permeate through cell membranes is utilized by bacterium, thereby improves the BOD of sewage
5/ COD has improved the biodegradability of sewage.Hydrolysis acidification pool plays shock absorption to the variation of influent load simultaneously, thereby is that follow-up anoxic/Aerobic Pond is created comparatively stable water inlet condition.Therefore, adopt the acidication pretreatment technology, can reduce the aeration rate and the hydraulic detention time of Aerobic Pond, reduce working cost greatly, reduce floor space and investment.
(2) the sludge hydrolytic acidizing fluid has improved the nitric efficiency of system as the carbon source of system's denitrification denitrogenation.
The required carbon source of biological denitrificaion is the low-molecular-weight fat acids material that is easily absorbed by microorganism, so the COD of carbon source composition is most important.In actual engineering, in order to improve denitrogenation speed, normally add methyl alcohol or ethanol, with the deficiency of supplementary carbon source, but this can increase working cost.The present invention is owing to inorganics, the hard-degraded substance overwhelming majority in the sewage are all removed in settling pit and hydrolysis acidification pool, therefore, organic content height in the second pond mud component, VFA in the excess sludge hydrolysate (being voltaile fatty acid) accounts for SCOD (being solubilised state COD) more than 70%, wherein mostly is short chain fatty acid such as formic acid, acetate, propionic acid, butyric acid greatly.It exceeds about 1/3 than methyl alcohol, ethanol nitric efficiency as denitrifying carbon source.Therefore, this process makes full use internal system carbon source has higher nitric efficiency, and has reduced working cost, has realized the sustainable operation of sewage treatment process.
(3) this invention sludge yield is low, has simplified sludge handling process and has reduced the excess sludge processing cost.
Because the present invention is also low at the more general traditional activated sludge process of the organic loading of Aerobic Pond, so aerobic sludge output is also well below traditional method.Temperature (33 ℃) or high temperature (50 ℃) anaerobic digestion during traditional sludge is handled and adopted, mud must heat up, and consumes big energy, and sludge retention time is longer, and must the complicated gas recovery of consideration utilize facility, thereby increases capital cost.Hydrolysis acidification pool then is controlled at anaerobic treatment the product acid phase, has not only reduced the requirement to envrionment conditions (as temperature, pH etc.), and the required volume of anaerobism structures is dwindled, and also can not consider the system that utilizes of gas simultaneously, thereby saves capital cost.Because the anaerobism section is controlled at the acidication stage, easy degradation material significantly reduces in the mud after hydrolysis, and the macromolecular substance that is difficult to originally degrade then is converted into the material of readily biodegradable, thereby can be used as the carbon source of anoxic pond denitrification denitrogenation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: be denitrified biological denitrificaion equipment of intensified internal source synoptic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 2: be traditional acidication and biological denitrificaion Association Technology Devices synoptic diagram
Reference numeral
The 1-water inlet pipe, 2-grid, 3-settling pit, 4-hydrolysis acidification pool, 5-anoxic pond, 6-Aerobic Pond, 7-settling tank, 8-rising pipe; The 9-recycle pump, 10-mud discharging mouth, 11-agitator, 12-residual sludge reflux pipe, 13-nitrification liquid return line, 14-mud return line, 15-dividing plate, 16-reducer union, 17-captation, 18-settling pit rising pipe, 19-anoxic pond water inlet pipe.
Embodiment
In conjunction with the embodiments, operation operation of the present invention is as follows:
Pilot system is connected to form in turn by water inlet pipe 1, grid 2, settling pit 3, hydrolysis acidification pool 4, anoxic pond 5, Aerobic Pond 6, settling tank 7, rising pipe 8 as shown in Figure 1.
The method that application apparatus of the present invention are carried out sewage disposal specifically comprises following process:
1) sewage flows into grid 2 by water inlet pipe 1, removes floating matter in the water body, and hydraulic detention time is 3min, and grid 2 water outlets enter settling pit 3, remove bigger particulate matter, and hydraulic detention time is 6min.
2) above-mentioned settling pit 3 water outlets enter hydrolysis acidification pool 4, enter hydrolysis acidification pool 4 and mix with settling tank 7 backflow excess sludges before, pass through suspended sludge area I, mud-water separation district II, microbial film stiffened region III in hydrolysis acidification pool 4 from bottom to top successively.Suspended sludge area I is provided with recycle pump 9, its flow is 3 times of flooding velocity, to guarantee that mud is in swelling state in the suspended sludge area I, make sewage, mud fully contacts, by absorption, the physics settlement action is removed partial organic substances fast, realize mud-water separation at mud-water separation district II, thereby realize separating of hydraulic detention time and solid retention time, hydrolysis acidification pool 4 hydraulic detention times are 4.5 hours, to guarantee finishing of acidication reaction, solid retention time is 40 days, be in order to make suspended sludge area I keep higher sludge concentration, have stronger resistance to overload shock ability, make sewage simultaneously, mud is by abundant acidication, and total system is from suspended sludge area I mud discharging mouth 10 spoil disposals.
3) 4 water outlets of said hydrolyzed acidification pool enter anoxic pond 5, at first mix with the returned sluge and the Aerobic Pond 6 backflow nitrification liquids of settling tank 7, make and keep higher denitrification denitrogenation efficient in the anoxic pond 5, under stirring, agitator 11 carries out denitrification denitrogenation, remove organism simultaneously, anoxic pond 5 hydraulic detention times 1.3 hours fully carry out the denitrification denitrogenation process.
4) above-mentioned anoxic pond 5 water outlets enter Aerobic Pond 6, the degraded residual organic substances, under the nitrobacteria effect, carry out nitration reaction, ammonia nitrogen all is converted into nitric nitrogen, Aerobic Pond 6 hydraulic detention times 5.5 hours, to guarantee that ammonia nitrogen all is converted into nitric nitrogen, the air water volume ratio is 1: 3 in the Aerobic Pond 6, be lower than this span, then reduce anoxic pond 5 denitrification rates, be higher than this span, then ammonia nitrogen concentration raises in the water outlet, Aerobic Pond 6 water side nitrification liquids are back to anoxic section 5 feed-water ends by nitrification liquid return line 14, and the nitrification liquid quantity of reflux is 200% of a flooding velocity, when being lower than this span, then system's nitrogen removal rate is lower, when being higher than this span, then dissolved oxygen concentration raises in the anoxic pond 5, makes denitrification rate reduce.
5) Aerobic Pond 6 water outlets enter settling tank 7, settling tank 7 supernatant liquors are discharged from rising pipe 8, excess sludge all is back to hydrolysis acidification pool 4 by residual sludge reflux pipe 12, realize the acidication processing of mud, the acidication liquid of mud is as the carbon source of anoxic pond 5 denitrification denitrogenations, and mud is realized minimizing behind acidication; Settling tank 7 precipitating sludges are back to anoxic pond by mud return line 14, and sludge back flow quantity is controlled at 40% of flooding velocity, with sludge concentration and the denitrification efficient of keeping anoxic pond.
Experiment embodiment 1: the real life sewage with certain university's dependents' district discharging is former water, and flooding velocity is 6L/h, the COD=221～413mg/L of water inlet, NH
4-N=36～67mg/L.(23～25 ℃) are at room temperature carried out in experiment.Operation result shows: test former water BOD
5/ COD is 0.51, acidication water outlet BOD
5/ COD is increased to 0.74, and Biodegradability of Wastewater obtains bigger raising.The water outlet NH of system
4-N concentration below 2mg/L, NH
4-N average removal rate surpasses 95%, water outlet TN is less than 15mg/L in system, the TN average removal rate surpasses 74%, water outlet COD is less than 30mg/L in system, the COD average removal rate surpasses 90%, the apparent yield coefficient of Aerobic Pond mud is 0.23, is lower than traditional waste water treatment process 0.3～0.5, and mud surpasses 60% through mud decrement behind the acidication.
Experiment embodiment 2: the real life sewage with certain university's dependents' district discharging is object, by adding beer and NH
4Cl regulates water inlet COD, NH
4-N concentration.Flooding velocity is 8L/h, the COD of water inlet, NH
4-N, (COD=600～800mg/L, NH
4-N=82～103mg/L).(23～25 ℃) are at room temperature carried out in experiment.Operation result shows: test former water BOD
5/ COD is 0.43, acidication water outlet BOD
5/ COD is increased to 0.68, and Biodegradability of Wastewater obtains bigger raising.The water outlet NH of system
4-N concentration below 5mg/L, NH
4-N average removal rate surpasses 93%, water outlet TN is less than 30mg/L in system, the TN average removal rate surpasses 72%, water outlet COD is less than 30mg/L in system, the COD average removal rate surpasses 95%, the apparent yield coefficient of Aerobic Pond mud is 0.25, is lower than traditional waste water treatment process 0.3～0.5, and mud surpasses 65% through mud decrement behind the acidication.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of denitrified biological denitrificaion equipment of intensified internal source is composed in series by water inlet pipe (1), grid (2), settling pit (3), hydrolysis acidification pool (4), anoxic pond (5), Aerobic Pond (6), settling tank (7), rising pipe (8) order, it is characterized in that:
Be connected by reflux sludge tube (12) bottom the settling tank (7) with between hydrolysis acidification pool (4) bottom;
Described hydrolysis acidification pool (4) bottom is connected with settling pit rising pipe (18), the top is provided with captation (17), captation (17) is connected with the water inlet pipe (19) of anoxic pond (5), also comprises being followed successively by suspended sludge area (I), mud-water separation district (II), microbial film stiffened region (III) from bottom to top; Suspended sludge area (I) is provided with recycle pump (9), and recycle pump (9) is connected with settling pit rising pipe (18) with suspended sludge area (I) respectively, forms a circulation loop; Suspended sludge area (I) is provided with mud discharging mouth (10), and mud-water separation district (II) is connected by reducer union (16) with suspended sludge area (I); Microbial film stiffened region (III) filled biomass carrier; Be connected by mud return line (14) bottom the settling tank (7) with between anoxic pond (5) bottom; Be connected by nitrification liquid return line (13) between Aerobic Pond (6) water side and anoxic pond (5) feed-water end.
2, a kind of denitrified biological denitrificaion equipment of intensified internal source according to claim 1 is characterized in that, anoxic pond (5) is provided with whipping appts (11), is respectively equipped with dividing plate (15) in anoxic pond (5) and the Aerobic Pond (6), and clapboard spacing is 3～6m.
3, a kind of denitrified biological denitrificaion equipment of intensified internal source according to claim 1 method of disposing of sewage is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) sewage is at first by water inlet pipe (1) grid (2) of flowing through, the settling pit (3) of flowing through then;
2) (3) water outlet of above-mentioned settling pit and settling tank (7) backflow excess sludge mix the laggard hydrolysis acidification pool (4) of going into;
3) after sewage enters said hydrolyzed acidification pool (4), the suspended sludge area of flowing through successively from bottom to top (I), mud-water separation district (II), microbial film stiffened region (III); Suspended sludge area (I) is provided with recycle pump (9), and mud is realized circulation by recycle pump (9) in suspended sludge area (I), flows out by captation (17) at last;
4) water outlet of said hydrolyzed acidification pool enters anoxic pond (5), mixes with Aerobic Pond (6) water side backflow nitrification liquid and settling tank (7) returned sluge under agitator (11) stirring action;
5) above-mentioned anoxic pond (5) water outlet enters Aerobic Pond (6), and Aerobic Pond (6) water outlet enters settling tank (7);
6) above-mentioned settling tank (7) excess sludge is back to hydrolysis acidification pool (4) by reflux sludge tube (12), and settling tank (7) returned sluge enters anoxic pond (5) by mud return line (14);
4, a kind of denitrified biological denitrificaion equipment of intensified internal source according to claim 3 method of disposing of sewage, it is characterized in that, hydrolysis acidification pool (4) hydraulic detention time 3～5 hours, acidication reaction period (4) suspended sludge area (I) solid retention time is 30～50d.
5, a kind of denitrified biological denitrificaion equipment of intensified internal source according to claim 3 method of disposing of sewage, it is characterized in that, anoxic pond (5) hydraulic detention time is 1～1.5 hour, and Aerobic Pond (6) hydraulic detention time is 4～6 hours, and the air water volume ratio is 1: 2～3 therein.
6, a kind of denitrified biological denitrificaion equipment of intensified internal source according to claim 3 method of disposing of sewage is characterized in that the nitrification liquid quantity of reflux is 1～3 times of flooding velocity, and settling tank (7) mud quantity of reflux is 40%～60% of a flooding velocity.
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