CN101001454A - 一种上行增强链路中用户调度方法及系统 - Google Patents

一种上行增强链路中用户调度方法及系统 Download PDF

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CN101001454A
CN101001454A CNA2006100865539A CN200610086553A CN101001454A CN 101001454 A CN101001454 A CN 101001454A CN A2006100865539 A CNA2006100865539 A CN A2006100865539A CN 200610086553 A CN200610086553 A CN 200610086553A CN 101001454 A CN101001454 A CN 101001454A
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speed
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CN100466819C (zh
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姚瑶
聂际敏
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种上行增强链路中用户调度方法及系统，包括：基站检测小区中待调度的GBR用户和非GBR用户的速率以及其对速率的要求；当GBR用户的速率未达到该GBR用户要求的GBR速率时，则基站优先提高该GBR用户的速率。由上述本发明提供的技术方案可以看出，本发明优先满足GBR用户对速率的要求，使用户对系统服务具有较高的满意度。本发明通过从非GBR用户中释放部分负载来提高GBR用户的负载，提高其速率，充分利用有限的负载资源；当GBR用户的服务质量要求过高，本发明通过与用户进行服务质量协商，降低GBR用户对服务质量的要求，在系统总负载不变的情况下满足用户协商后的要求，既节省系统资源又确保用户的满意度。

Description

一种上行增强链路中用户调度方法及系统
技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信的技术领域，尤其涉及一种上行增强链路中用户调度方法及系统。
背景技术
上行高速包调度(HSUPA)技术是3GPP组织在WCDMA R6版本协议中引入的一种提高上行传送速率的技术。该技术采用NodeB的上行快速调度、混合重传(HARQ)、2ms短帧技术，使用户的上行吞吐率获得了极大的提高，以便更好的开展多媒体业务。
HSUPA的协议结构如图1所示。图中的MAC-es、MAC-e实体是WCDMA系统引入HSUPA以后，增加的媒体接入控制层(MAC)实体。
为了支持基站(NodeB)的快速调度，通用陆地无线接入网(UTRAN)侧的MAC-e实体下移到了NodeB；为了支持HSUPA的宏分集，MAC-es位于服务无线网络控制器(SRNC)。
在目前的协议结构中，MAC层和物理层之间增加了增强的专用信道(E-DCH)来承载传输数据块。物理层增加了几个物理信道，上行物理信道增加了增强型专用物理控制信道(E-DPCCH)和增强型专用物理数据信道(E-DPDCH)，下行物理信道增加了增强型绝对授权信道(E-AGCH)、增强型相对授权信道(E-RGCH)和增强型确认指示信道(E-HICH)。
其中，上行E-DPDCH用于承载HSUPA用户上行的传输数据；上行E-DPCCH承载解调数据信道E-DPDCH的伴随信令；
下行E-AGCH为公共信道，由用户服务E-DCH无线连接所在的小区指示UE最大可用速率(或者功率)；下行E-RGCH为专用信道，最快可按2ms时间快速调整UE的上行速率；下行E-HICH为专用信道，反馈用户接收进程数据是否正确的确认/未确认(ACK/NACK)信息。
对用户设备(UE)的调度一直是3GPP的一个重要研究内容，上行调度技术是其中一个基本问题。在R99/R4/R5版本中，上行调度和数据速率控制是在无线网络控制器(RNC)里完成的；而在R6中，对于频分双工(FDD)上行链路增强HSUPA，这部分功能是由NodeB实现的。
由于NodeB控制的调度主要是基于上行负载因子进行资源分配的，每次进行上行高速包调度的时候实际负载必须小于或等于上行负载因子门限值，尽量减少小区的过载率。
因此在小区不过载的情况下保证用户的服务质量(QoS)是提高上行高速包调度性能的一个关键点。
在HSUPA的每次调度中，各小区根据自身的负载情况对本小区的用户进行调度。目前的调度原则是每次调度时都需要考虑当前实际的上行负载和发送绝对调度命令(AG)及相对调度命令(RG)后对上行负载的影响。如果在调度过程中上行负载发生变化，其变化的上限是RNC在初始配置的上行负载因子的固定门限值。在调度过程中需要保持上行负载不超过这个门限，上行负载一旦超过该门限值，则必须将上行负载降低至该门限值以下。
现有技术中，调度的结果通过Node B下行控制信道的绝对调度信道(AGCH)和相对调度信道(RGCH)发送给相应的UE，UE接收到调度命令后按照协议规定的时序关系进行传输格式组集合(E-TFCI)更新。
现有技术中，小区负载门限的确定是由Node B通过最大目标接收总功率(Maximum Target RTWP)和参考总功率(Reference RTWP)计算得出，小区负载门限的计算公式如下：
小区负载门限＝1-Reference RTWP/Maximum Target RTWP，其中Maximum Target RTWP和Reference RTWP由RNC的物理共享信道重配置命令下发。
在现有技术中，在对待调度用户分配负载时，不对用户的类型进行区分，对所有用户进行同样的分配；在负载分配结束后，检测小区实际负载(Cellload)与小区负载门限的大小关系，如果CellLoad＞小区负载门限，则对小区内所有用户下发下降指令(RG Down)，降低小区实际负载，使上行高速包调度顺利进行；如果CellLoad＜小区负载门限，则对小区内所有用户下发提高负载的命令(RG UP或者AG UP)，提高小区对带宽资源的利用。
可以看出，上述实现方案并没有根据用户对服务质量的不同要求而对不同的用户进行区别处理。对服务质量有明确要求的用户会要求以一定的速率进行数据传输，以不低于该速率进行数据传输，能够保证实现用户所要求的服务质量，该速率值与用户的服务质量水平相对应，称为保证比特速率(GBR)，因此对服务质量有明确要求的用户又称为GBR用户。没有对服务质量提出明确要求的用户同样对速率也没有明确要求，可称为非GBR用户。现有技术不管用户有没有配置GBR速率，对不同的用户进行相同的负载、速率分配，很容易造成小区上行负载超出小区上行负载门限的情况发生。现有技术中，只要当小区用户的负载超出了上行负载门限值，就会不区分GBR用户和非GBR用户，降低小区内所有用户的负载，这样便会降低GBR用户的服务质量。也就是说，虽然这种现有实现方案可以将小区的上行负载控制在上行负载门限以下，但没有优先考虑GBR用户的对负载的需求，难以满足GBR用户的QoS要求，最终将会降低HSUPA的性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种上行增强链路中用户调度方法及系统，用于在上行增强链路中根据不同的用户的服务质量需求进行速率调整，从而满足用户的不同的服务质量需求。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种上行增强链路中用户调度方法，包括：
A、基站检测小区中待调度的GBR用户和非GBR用户的速率以及其对速率的要求；
B、当GBR用户的速率未达到该GBR用户要求的GBR速率时，则基站优先提高该GBR用户的速率。
所述步骤B包括：
B1、基站检测小区中是否存在上行负载余量，当存在上行负载余量时，则使用这部分负载提高GBR用户的速率。
所述步骤B还包括：
B2、当不存在上行负载余量或上行负载余量不足以使GBR用户的速率提高至其所要求的数值时，基站降低非GBR用户对上行负载的占用，使用从非GBR用户中释放的上行负载提高GBR用户的速率。
所述配置了GBR的用户包括发送调度信息的GBR用户和不发送调度信息的GBR用户。
所述步骤B还包括：
B3、当GBR用户的速率要求未被满足时，基站为发送调度信息的GBR用户分配一个速率，该速率为用户请求速率和用户所要求的GBR速率两者间的较小值，用户在调度中使用该速率进行数据传输，基站使用绝对调度命令为用户分配速率。
所述步骤B还包括：
B4、当GBR用户的速率要求未被满足时，基站将不发送调度信息的GBR用户的平均有效速率与用户配置的GBR速率进行比较，当平均有效速率小于GBR速率，则提高用户的数据速率，直至用户速率达到GBR速率。
所述调度方法还包括：
C、无线网络控制器对小区的上行负载进行检查，当发现上行负载过载时，与GBR用户进行服务质量协商，降低GBR用户的服务质量要求以及满足该服务质量的GBR速率，使小区上行负载低于小区上行负载门限。
所述的步骤C包括：
C1、无线网络控制器设置服务质量协商触发条件，该触发条件为小区发生过载的次数或频率；
C2、当小区过载的次数或频率达到预先设置的触发条件时，无限网络控制器开始与GBR用户进行服务质量协商，降低GBR用户要求配置的GBR速率。
一种上行增强链路中用户调度系统，包括用户设备、基站和无线网络控制器，所述的基站包括：
速率检测模块，用于检测小区中待调度的GBR用户和非GBR用户的速率以及其对速率的要求；
分优先级速率提高模块，用于优先提高实际速率未达到GBR要求的GBR用户的速率。
所述的无线网络控制器包括：
负载检测模块，用于检测小区上行负载是否超过上行负载门限；
服务质量协商模块，用于在检测到小区上行负载超过上行负载门限后与用户对服务质量进行协商，降低用户的服务质量要求，使小区的上行负载不超过小区上行负载门限。
所述的分优先级速率提高模块还包括：
负载余量速率提高子模块，用于检测小区中的上行负载余量，并使用该上行负载余量提高GBR用户的速率；
负载转移子模块，用于释放非GBR用户的部分负载，并使用所释放的负载提高GBR用户的速率；
GBR用户速率调整子模块，用于根据不同的GBR用户类型调整GBR用户速率。
由上述本发明提供的技术方案可以看出，本发明优先满足GBR用户对速率的要求，使用户对系统服务具有较高的满意度。本发明通过从非GBR用户中释放部分负载来提高GBR用户的负载，提高其速率，充分利用有限的负载资源；当GBR用户的服务质量要求过高，本发明通过与用户进行服务质量协商，降低GBR用户对服务质量的要求，在系统总负载不变的情况下满足用户协商后的要求，既节省系统资源又确保用户的满意度。
附图说明
图1所示为HSUPA的协议结构示意图；
图2所示为本发明实施例一的上行负载调度示意图；
图3所示为本发明实施例一中基站使用小区负载余量提高已配置GBR的用户的速率的示意图；
图4所示为本发明实施例一中基站使用由未配置GBR的用户所释放的负载提高GBR用户的速率的示意图；
图5所示为本发明实施例二的系统示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明的核心是由基站检测小区中待调度的GBR用户和非GBR用户的速率以及其对速率的要求，当GBR用户的速率未达到该GBR用户要求的GBR速率时，基站优先提高该GBR用户的速率，满足GBR用户对速率的要求。
具体一点讲，本发明在负载资源有限的情况下，首先对GBR用户需要的上行负载进行估计，然后判断小区当前的负载余量是否满足GBR用户对上行负载的需求；当小区的负载余量无法满足用户对于负载的需求时，则降低小区中未配置保证比特速率GBR的用户所占用的上行负载资源，将下降的这部分上行负载资源分配给配置了GBR的用户，以满足GBR用户的负载要求，保证服务质量；最后如果上行负载超出负载门限，则由无线网络控制器(RNC)与用户进行协商，降低服务质量的要求，消除数据传输的拥塞。
GBR用户中部分用户上报调度信息(SI)，部分用户不上报调度信息，本发明在开始部分对所有GBR用户的操作是相同的：
当小区中正常的负载余量无法满足用户对速率以及负载的需求时，本发明对非GBR的用户发送相对调度下降(RG Down)指令，使GBR用户获取一部分负载。
如果这部分负载可以满足用户的需求，则GBR用户直接将速率调整至所需的值，用户按照自身要求的服务质量进行数据传输。
如果这部分负载无法满足用户的需求，此时系统根据用户是否上报调度信息采取不同的处理方法：
对于上报SI请求的GBR用户，基站为用户配置一个速率Rassign，该速率的值为用户请求速率Rreq和该用户所要求的GBR速率两者间的较小值；无论基站所配置的速率是否会导致小区上行负载超出上行负载门限，用户均暂时先使用该速率进行数据传输；
对于未上报SI请求的GBR用户，系统对该用户有效速率Reff进行检测，当有效速率小于满足该用户服务质量所需的GBR速率，则系统通过相对调度上升(RG Up)指令提高该用户的速率，直至其速率不小于GBR速率为止；当该用户的速率达到GBR速率时，由于速率上升，可能导致小区上行负载超出上行负载门限。
本发明中为用户设置满足用户服务质量要求的GBR速率可能会导致小区上行负载超过上行负载门限，因此需要无线网络控制器对小区的上行负载进行检查。
当检测到小区的上行负载过载时，无线网络控制器与配置了GBR的用户进行服务质量协商，降低用户的服务质量要求，使小区负载不超过小区负载门限。
下面将结合附图对本发明作详细说明。
本发明实施例一
本发明实施例一充分考虑已配置GBR的用户的QoS要求，通过使用小区中原有的负载余量、降低未配置GBR的用户速率的方法提高GBR用户的速率，并在上述方法不能满足GBR用户的速率要求时，直接为用户设置可满足GBR速率要求的速率。
如图1所示，本发明实施例一的实施方案如下：
步骤1、基站检测各用户是否对服务质量以及GBR速率提出要求。
基站检测小区内所有用户对服务质量的要求，查看小区用户是否提出了保证服务质量、保证GBR速率的要求以及所要求的GBR速率数值。
步骤2、基站使用小区负载余量提高已配置GBR的用户的速率。
步骤2的具体过程如图3所示：
步骤21、将GBR用户对速率的要求转换为满足该速率所需的上行负载；
步骤22、检测用户所在小区的上行负载门限；
步骤23、比较小区上行负载门限和用户的上行负载，判断该小区是否存在负载余量；
步骤24、若小区中不存在负载余量，则执行步骤3；
步骤25、若本小区中存在负载余量，则判断小区负载余量是否满足GBR用户对速率的要求；
步骤26、当小区负载余量满足GBR用户的速率要求，则使用该负载余量将GBR用户的速率提高至其自身要求的数值；
步骤27、当小区负载余量不满足GBR用户的速率要求，则使用小区负载余量提高GBR用户的速率，然后再执行步骤3。
步骤3、基站降低未配置GBR的用户的负载，使用由未配置GBR的用户所释放的负载提高GBR用户的速率。
步骤3中的具体过程如图4所示：
步骤31、NodeB向没有配置GBR的用户下发RG Down命令，降低其速率，从没有配置GBR的用户中释放上行负载；
步骤32、判断所述释放的上行负载是否满足GBR用户对负载的需求；
步骤33、当所获得的负载满足GBR用户的负载需求时，基站将未配置GBR的用户所释放的上行负载转给已配置GBR的用户使用，已配置GBR的用户通过这部分负载将自身的速率提高至所要求的速率；
当所获得得负载不满足GBR用户的负载需求时，执行步骤4，由基站配置GBR用户的速率。
步骤4、基站按照用户的类别设置GBR用户的速率。
在本发明实施例中按照是否发送调度消息请求(SI)将GBR用户分为两种。
对于发送调度消息请求的GBR用户的速率配置方法。
基站直接为GBR用户配置一个速率，所配置的速率值为Rassign＝min(Rreq，GBR)，其中GBR表示为了满足该用户的服务质量要求而需要为该用户所配置的速率值，Rreq表示用户自身主动提出的请求速率。
在为GBR用户配置了速率Rassign后，Rassign如果过高则会导致小区负载超出小区负载门限。
对于未发送调度消息请求的GBR用户，基站对该用户有效速率Reff进行检测。
这里的平均有效速率是指用户成功将数据传送到RNC的速率，有效速率值通过下式计算得到：
Reff(n，k)＝(1-χeff)Reff(n，k-1)+χeffR(n，k)
上式中的R(n，k)是用户n在第k个帧中成功接收数据时的速率，如果当前时刻在NodeB没有正确接收的数据，则R(n，k)计为0，χeff为有效速率平滑因子，初始状态时Reff(n，-1)＝0。
当有效速率大于等于满足该用户服务质量所需的GBR速率，则无需调整用户的速率；
当有效速率小于满足该用户服务质量所需的GBR速率，则系统通过相对调度上升(RG Up)提高该用户的速率，直至其速率不小于GBR速率为止。
当该用户的速率达到GBR速率时，由于速率上升，可能导致小区上行负载超出上行负载门限。
步骤5、由于为用户设置GBR速率时有可能使小区上行负载超出上行负载门限，因此本发明实施例一中无线网络控制器(RNC)通过与用户的协商调整GBR用户对速率的要求。
本发明实施例一中RNC对用户的GBR配置进行检查，对于速率配置过高的GBR用户，RNC通过与用户进行服务质量协商，降低GBR用户的速率要求，以便降低Node B的上行负载，实现拥塞的解除。
无线网络控制器设置服务质量协商触发条件，该触发条件为用户发生过载的次数或频率，当用户过载的次数或频率达到该触发条件时，无限网络控制器开始与用户进行协商。
本发明通过上述将负载调度方法和拥塞控制方法相结合的办法实现了即在最大限度上保证GBR用户的QoS，又保证Node B的上行负载过载率保持在一个比较低的比例，使HSUPA系统性能得到显著提高。
本发明实施例二
如图5所示本发明实施例二的一种上行增强链路中用户调度系统，包括用户设备、基站和无线网络控制器，
所述的基站包括：
速率检测模块，用于检测小区中待调度的GBR用户和非GBR用户的速率以及其对速率的要求；
分优先级速率提高模块，用于优先提高实际速率未达到GBR要求的GBR用户的速率。
所述的无线网络控制器包括：
负载检测模块，用于检测小区上行负载是否超过上行负载门限；
服务质量协商模块，用于在检测到小区上行负载超过上行负载门限后与用户对服务质量进行协商，降低用户的服务质量要求，使小区的上行负载不超过小区上行负载门限。
所述的分优先级速率提高模块还包括：
负载余量速率提高子模块，用于检测小区中的上行负载余量，并使用该上行负载余量提高GBR用户的速率；
负载转移子模块，用于释放非GBR用户的部分负载，并使用所释放的负载提高GBR用户的速率；
GBR用户速率调整子模块，用于根据不同的GBR用户类型调整GBR用户速率。
基站通过负载转移子模块释放非GBR用户的部分上行负载，然后将所释放的上行负载分配给GBR用户，提高GBR用户的上行负载，提高其速率，保证GBR用户要求的服务质量。
当非GBR用户所释放的上行负载不能满足GBR用户的要求时，服务质量协商模块发起与用户的协商，降低用户的服务质量要求，使用户的上行负载不超过上行负载门限。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (11)

1、一种上行增强链路中用户调度方法，其特征在于，包括：
A、基站检测小区中待调度的GBR用户和非GBR用户的速率以及其对速率的要求；
B、当GBR用户的速率未达到该GBR用户要求的GBR速率时，则基站优先提高该GBR用户的速率。
2、根据权利要求1所述的一种上行增强链路中用户调度方法，其特征在于，所述步骤B包括：
B1、基站检测小区中是否存在上行负载余量，当存在上行负载余量时，则使用这部分负载提高GBR用户的速率。
3、根据权利要求2所述的一种上行增强链路中用户调度方法，其特征在于，所述步骤B还包括：
B2、当不存在上行负载余量或上行负载余量不足以使GBR用户的速率提高至其所要求的数值时，基站降低非GBR用户对上行负载的占用，使用从非GBR用户中释放的上行负载提高GBR用户的速率。
4、根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的一种上行增强链路中用户调度方法，其特征在于，所述配置了GBR的用户包括发送调度信息的GBR用户和不发送调度信息的GBR用户。
5、根据权利要求4所述的一种上行增强链路中用户调度方法，其特征在于，所述步骤B还包括：
B3、当GBR用户的速率要求未被满足时，基站为发送调度信息的GBR用户分配一个速率，该速率为用户请求速率和用户所要求的GBR速率两者间的较小值，用户在调度中使用该速率进行数据传输，基站使用绝对调度命令为用户分配速率。
6、根据权利要求4所述的一种上行增强链路中用户调度方法，其特征在于，所述步骤B还包括：
B4、当GBR用户的速率要求未被满足时，基站将不发送调度信息的GBR用户的平均有效速率与用户配置的GBR速率进行比较，当平均有效速率小于GBR速率，则提高用户的数据速率，直至用户速率达到GBR速率。
7、根据权利要求1所述的一种上行增强链路中用户调度方法，其特征在于，还包括：
C、无线网络控制器对小区的上行负载进行检查，当发现上行负载过载时，与GBR用户进行服务质量协商，降低GBR用户的服务质量要求以及满足该服务质量的GBR速率，使小区上行负载低于小区上行负载门限。
8、根据权利要求7所述的一种上行增强链路中用户调度方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤C包括：
C1、无线网络控制器设置服务质量协商触发条件，该触发条件为小区发生过载的次数或频率；
C2、当小区过载的次数或频率达到预先设置的触发条件时，无限网络控制器开始与GBR用户进行服务质量协商，降低GBR用户要求配置的GBR速率。
9、一种上行增强链路中用户调度系统，包括用户设备、基站和无线网络控制器，其特征在于，所述的基站包括：
速率检测模块，用于检测小区中待调度的GBR用户和非GBR用户的速率以及其对速率的要求；
分优先级速率提高模块，用于优先提高实际速率未达到GBR要求的GBR用户的速率。
10、根据权利要求9所述的一种上行增强链路中用户调度系统，其特征在于，所述的无线网络控制器包括：
负载检测模块，用于检测小区上行负载是否超过上行负载门限；
服务质量协商模块，用于在检测到小区上行负载超过上行负载门限后与用户对服务质量进行协商，降低用户的服务质量要求，使小区的上行负载不超过小区上行负载门限。
11、根据权利要求9所述的一种上行增强链路中用户调度系统，其特征在于，所述的分优先级速率提高模块还包括：
负载余量速率提高子模块，用于检测小区中的上行负载余量，并使用该上行负载余量提高GBR用户的速率；
负载转移子模块，用于释放非GBR用户的部分负载，并使用所释放的负载提高GBR用户的速率；
GBR用户速率调整子模块，用于根据不同的GBR用户类型调整GBR用户速率。
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