CN100998312B - Simple screening method for wheat gene producing unreduced gamete - Google Patents
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Abstract
A simple method for screening the wheat genotype able to generate unreduced gamete for breaking through the 'reduplicative bottle neck' of reduplicating monoploid includes such steps as distant hybridizing between wheat and Aegilops variabilis to obtain plant F1, selfing, and screening.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to genetic breeding and biological technical field, relate in particular to a kind of simple screening method that under haploid state, produces the wheat genotypes of unreduced gamete.
Background technology
Usually, plant soma comprises two cover chromosomes, and respectively from female and male gametophyte, thereby chromosome number becomes two (2n).Monoploid (haploid) then is to have the plant corpus that gametic chromosome is formed, only contained half (n) of normal somatic cell chromosome number.(chromosome set is AABBDD to common wheat, 2n=6x=42) is the allohexaploid (2n=6x=42) that is made of A, B, three chromosome sets of D, and each chromosome set has 7 pairs of chromosomes.The A of wheat and B chromosome group are by tetraploid (Triticum turgidum L., chromosome set is AABB, 2n=28) provide, and the D chromosome set is by dliploid Triticum tauschii (the title aegilops tauschii that has, Aegilops tauschiiCosson or Triticum tauschii (Cosson) Schmalh. or Aegilops squarrosa L., chromosome set is DD, 2n=14) provides.The monoploid of common wheat has 21 chromosomes and the ABD genome is formed.
Haploid gene is single existence, doubles the idiotype high homogenous that the back obtains.After the dyed body of haplobiont doubles, the dliploid that in a generation, can occur isozygotying, good the isozygotying of therefrom selecting is that the offspring does not separate, the performance neat and consistent.Therefore, this doubled haploid has very outstanding advantage and huge using value aspect plant genetics and breeding.
Produce doubled haploid and comprise two committed steps: the one, produce monoploid.At present, the haploid maturation of common wheat of generation and reliable method have been arranged.The 2nd, the monoploid material that obtains is carried out chromosome doubling.Common method is to carry out artificial treatment with medicines such as colchicine solutions at present, and chromosome number is doubled.But there are some outstanding shortcomings in the artificial doubling method that medicine is handled, and for example handling procedure is loaded down with trivial details, and workload is big; The condition of processing procedure is wayward, if control badly, success rate is low; Medicine is to the toxic effect of plant, causes that plant is small and weak, problem such as depauperation even death, and such plant is managed the comparison difficulty; Medicines such as colchicine solution have very strong toxic action to humans and animals; Medicine causes environmental pollution easily; Be unfavorable for producing in batches on a large scale doubled haploid, therefore be unfavorable for standardization, scale.
Automatically double function if common wheat itself has chromosome, the problems referred to above just can be solved well.Discover that some have the genomic tetraploid of AABB and have the genomic dliploid Triticum tauschii hybridization of DD, its hybrid F
1Be that chromosome set is the monoploid (the haploid chromosome set that produces with common wheat is the same) of ABD, but such monoploid is handled without artificial doublings such as colchicines good fertility is arranged still, can self-fertility, these solid seeds have and the normal the same AABBDD chromosome set of common wheat, show hybrid F
1Chromosome taken place to double automatically.Cytogenetical study is found, hybrid F
1Can self-fruitful reason be that reduction division reorganization (meioticrestitution) has taken place the chromosome of pollen mother cell, produce unreduced female and male gametophyte, such female and male gametophyte is in conjunction with having realized chromosome doubling.Show that further the phenomenon that chromosome reduction division regrouping process produces unreduced gamete is controlled by the reduction division recombination gene (or being called the unreduced gamete gene) of tetraploid.
By modes such as hybridizing, backcross, the unreduced gamete gene of tetraploid can be changed over to and have in the genomic wheat of AABBDD, particularly have in the wheat breed (being) of good economical character.By screening, evaluation, pick out the wheat genotypes that can produce unreduced gamete.Utilize the chromosome of unreduced gamete gene in the wheat genotypes to double " doubling bottleneck " that function just can solve present doubled haploid automatically.
How to judge whether the unreduced gamete gene in the tetraploid to be changed in the hexaploid wheat? that is to say, how to filter out hexaploid wheat genotype with unreduced gamete gene? present method is the hexaploid wheat of intending screening to be induced become to have the genomic monoploid wheat of ABD, and can the chromosome according to the monoploid wheat double automatically as judging whether this wheat has the foundation of unreduced gamete gene then.This method is direct, but relates to the wheat haploid induction, is about to chromosome set AABBDD and induces into ABD.Plant cell has potential reviviscence and totipotency, can grow to be whole plant, so application organizes and cell culture technology carry out cultured in vitro to particular organization or cell, can induce to produce wheat monoploid.Also can utilize the hypochromatosis method to induce monoploid to produce by wheat and the hybridization of other species.For example wheat and barley (Hordeum) or hybridization such as corn or gama grass, in embryo development procedure, the hypochromatosis of other species, thus obtain the wheat haplobiont.But, because parents' affiliation distant hybridization difficulty far away, such must just may obtain hybrid seed by technology such as rataria redemptions.Therefore such screening process is loaded down with trivial details and workload is big, wants to filter out required wheat genotypes and seem very difficult from huge wheat population.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, at prior art, a kind of simple screening method that produces the wheat genotypes of unreduced gamete under haploid state is provided, realize from huge wheat population, filtering out the wheat genotypes that can produce unreduced gamete easily by this method, having important use to be worth aspect the wheat doubled haploid genetic breeding.
In order to realize purpose of the present invention, the method that the present invention adopts is:
1, the wheat genotypes that selection plan is identified is as tested material, and as test material, the two carries out distant hybridization with wheat external source species Aegilops variabilis Eig, obtains F
1Hybrid 1
2, in the next season of growth, divide individual plant and thin planting distant hybridization F
1Seed obtains F
1Plant.
3, the proterties that has parents according to true hybrid, and pseudostationary has only maternal proterties, removes pseudostationary.
4, investigate different F
1The self-fertility situation of hybrid plant obtains the self-fruitful rate of each plant and the average inbreeding ripening rate of different plants.
5, judge by the self-fertility situation whether tested wheat has under haploid state and produce unreduced gamete, thereby realize the function that chromosome doubles automatically.If hybrid F
1The average inbreeding ripening rate of plant is more than 1%, and then tested wheat has the function that produces unreduced gamete.
The 88-156 page or leaf of " wheat family biosystematics first volume wheat goatweed meets the group " that details such as the taxonomy feature of wheat external source species Aegilops variabilis Eig and description help referring to face and Yang Junliang writes (Chinese agriculture publishing house published in 1999).Aegilops variabilis is tetraploid species (2n=4x=28), has UUS
1S
1Chromosome set.The chromosome set of wheat is AABBDD (2n=6x=42), and the chromosome set of Aegilops variabilis AS24 is UUS
1S
1(2n=4x=28), their hybrid F
1Plant has 35 chromosomes usually, and its chromosome set is ABDUS
1, promptly by A, B, D, U, S
1Five monoploid that chromosome set constitutes.These chromosome sets all are to exist with single part formation, in theory, and such hybridization F
1Plant chromosome in the reduction division process separates at random, and it is minimum that acquisition simultaneously has the possibility of these 35 chromosomal female and male gametophytes, therefore has the gamete frequency of normal life power very low, thus such F
1The plant selfing is shaky usually.If F
1The reduction division process exception of plant, its chromosome are not separated at random but chromosome reduction division reorganization are taken place, and have produced unreduced gamete, then F
1Plant is the energy self-fertility just, and obtains the seed of chromosome doubling.
The present invention obtains having ABDUS according to wheat and Aegilops variabilis distant hybridization
1The self-fruitful rate of genomic haplobiont carries out method for screening and has easy, practical, characteristics efficiently, overcome conventional method (as tissue culture/hypochromatosis method) and must earlier wheat have been induced and become to have the genomic monoploid of ABD, whether can realize automatically that according to monoploid a large amount of work such as chromosome doubling filters out the deficiency of the wheat genotypes with reduction division recombination gene.Make the work that from huge wheat population, filters out wheat genotypes become simple by method of the present invention with reduction division recombination gene.Mainly show: (1) wheat and external source species Aegilops variabilis Eig affiliation are nearer, and the two distant hybridization is easy to success, does not need to adopt special measures such as tissue culture; (2) the hybrid seed vitality is strong, is easy to obtain F
1Hybrid plant does not need special management.(3) according to F
1The solid situation of hybrid plant just can filter out the wheat genotypes with reduction division recombination gene indirectly.
Application meeting of the present invention promotes the practical application efficient of wheat doubled haploid greatly, helps the large-scale mass production doubled haploid, and huge using value is being arranged aspect the wheat genetic breeding:
1, because the monoploid full gene all is single, if, make it to become dliploid or amphidiploid with its chromosome doubling, corresponding gene becomes isozygotys, and has avoided the separation of hybrid, has shortened the generation of breeding, improve breeding efficiency significantly, for wheat breeding has been opened up a new way;
2, rely on the method for conventional art seed selection kind to have plant phenotype and the inconsistent problem of genotype, efficiency of selection is very low, but uses haploid breeding, and genotype and the phenotype of plant are in full accord, can judge by phenotype is any genotype, greatly reduces the frequency of falsely dropping;
3, monoploid also can be improved the efficient of mutation breeding.In mutation breeding, because the probability of gene mutation is very low, what undergo mutation sometimes is an allogene, can not directly show from plant, and this just needs a large amount of plant of plantation.Make mutant materials with haplophyte, the sudden change allogene just can show, by obtaining the homozygous mutation body after the chromosome doubling;
4, the doubling monoploids method can be quickened the stable of distant hybrid.Strong proterties can take place and separate in the distant hybrid offspring, generally will be through stablizing after a lot of generations.The distant hybrid haplobiont is carried out the chromosome artificial doubling, can overcome proterties and separate, obtain stable newtype rapidly;
5, doubled haploid and molecular biology, engineered close the combination then can be pushed biotechnology to new climax.Can significantly improve QTL (quantitative trait locus) by the doubled haploid approach and analyze, the crop molecular genetic linkage map makes up, the efficient of aspect work such as the screening of plant gene, clone.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but be not limitation of the present invention, all any this areas of doing according to the disclosure of invention be equal to replacement, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The tetraploid landrace genotype AS2255 of China has reduction division recombination gene (or being called the unreduced gamete gene), we change this gene among the hexaploid wheat SHW-L1 over to, and find that first this gene can express in the genetic background of wheat and Aegilops variabilis hybrid, produce unreduced gamete, thereby realize that chromosome doubles automatically.Show that further wheat and Aegilops variabilis are easy to distant hybridization and obtain hybrid, can be used as the foundation of judging wheat genotypes with reduction division chromosome recombination gene according to the self-fertility of hybrid.
Embodiment 1: change the reduction division recombination gene of tetraploid landrace AS2255 over to hexaploid wheat SHW-L1:
We obtain hybrid seed F with the tetraploid landrace AS2255 (Triticum turgidum ssp.turgidum) and Triticum tauschii AS60 hybridization of China
1These F
1The F that obtains after seed sprouting emerges
1The hybridization plant has 21 chromosomes and chromosome set ABD (14 from the AB chromosome set of tetraploid AS2255,7 D chromosome sets from Triticum tauschii AS60).In theory, such F
1Hybridization plant chromosome in the reduction division process separates at random, and it is minimum that acquisition simultaneously has the possibility of 21 chromosomal female and male gametophytes, therefore has the gamete frequency of normal life power very low, thus such F
1The plant selfing is shaky usually.But, the F that we found from AS2255 and AS60 in the 1st year
1Obtained 48 seeds among 238 Xiao Hua of plant selfing, ripening rate is up to 20.17%; We repeated this work in the 2nd year, and ripening rate reaches 30.30%.Specifically see Table 1.
Table 1. tetraploid AS2255 and Triticum tauschii AS60 hybrid F
1The self-fruitful rate statistics
| Hybrid combination | Hybrid F 1The selfing time | Selfing Xiao Hua number | Solid seed number | The average inbreeding ripening rate |
| AS2255?X?AS60 | The 1st year | 238 | 48 | 20.17％ |
| AS2255?X?AS60 | The 2nd year | 102 | 31 | 30.30％ |
According to F
1There is high self-fruitful rate in plant, proves these F
1Produced to the plant high-frequency not subtrahend female and male gametophyte.By observing F
1The self-fruitful F of plant
2The chromosome number of the plant root-tip cells that seed sprouting obtains is found most F
2The chromosome number of plant is 42, and this has proved that also these have the genomic F of ABD monoploid
1Plant has produced not subtrahend female and male gametophyte.Unreduced female and male gametophyte promptly is to have the genomic F of ABD monoploid in conjunction with just having realized chromosome doubling automatically
1Plant doubles to obtain to have the F of chromosome set AABBDD automatically
2Plant.
Simultaneously, we have observed the F of tetraploid AS2255 and Triticum tauschii AS60
1The pollen mother cells process of plant is found F
1The pollen mother cell chromosomes reduction division reorganization (meioticrestitution) of plant is the reason that produces unreduced gamete.Be different from normal reduction division twice division takes place, we are at the F of AS2255 and AS60
1Usually only observe once division in the pollen mother cell of plant.The F of AS2255 and AS60
1The chromosome of the pollen mother cells I in mid-term of plant is unpaired usually, and afterwards, these chromosomes gather equatorial plate gradually, and sister chromatids is separately assigned to the two poles of the earth gradually then.Under a lot of situations, dyad is exactly final reduction division product.These results have proved that tetraploid AS2255 has reduction division recombination gene (unreduced gamete gene).
We have obtained to have the genomic hexaploid wheat new material of AABBDD SHW-L1 with AS2255 and Triticum tauschii AS60 hybridization.SHW-L1 has identical chromosome set with common wheat and forms, and somatic chromosome number all is 42.Thereby the reduction division recombination gene is changed among the hexaploid wheat SHW-L1.
Embodiment 2: wheat SHW-L1 and Aegilops variabilis distant hybridization with reduction division recombination gene:
By normal two common wheat inter breed crossing methods, promptly do not adopt any special measures such as tissue culture, we did maternal at 2003 and 2005 with SHW-L1 respectively and Aegilops variabilis AS24 makes paternal hybrid, obtain 30.68% and 48.37% cross-fertile rate (table 2) respectively, show that this hybrid combination is easy to obtain hybrid.Simultaneously, we did maternal at 2003 and 2005 with Aegilops variabilis AS24 respectively and SHW-L1 makes paternal hybrid, obtain 9.09% and 9.62% cross-fertile rate respectively, specifically see Table 2, show that reciprocal cross also can be successful.These hybrids germination experiments are shown that the hybrid seed that the positive and negative hybrid combination of SHW-L1 and Aegilops variabilisAS24 obtains all germinates easily.
Table 2.SHW-L1 and Aegilops variabilis cross-fertile and hybrid germinate
| Hybrid combination | Time | Pollination Xiao Hua number | The cross-fertile number | The cross-fertile rate | Percentage of seedgermination |
| SHW-L1?X?AS24 | 2003 | 176 | 54 | 30.68％ | 64.80％ |
| SHW-L1?X?AS24 | 2005 | 184 | 89 | 48.37％ | 90％ |
| AS24?X?SHW-L1 | 2003 | 44 | 4 | 9.09％ | 100％ |
| AS24?X?SHW-L1 | 2005 | 52 | 5 | 9.62％ | 100％ |
Embodiment 3: the wheat and the Aegilops variabilis distant hybrid selfing that do not have the reduction division recombination gene are solid hardly:
We with the wheat recommended variety river that does not have a reduction division recombination gene educate 16, river wheat 28, new strain of wheat TKL1, length, Kai Xian arhat wheat, China spring and ph1b mutant etc. and Aegilops variabilis distant hybridization during the wheat landrace are new, all show desirable crossability, all obtain hybrid (table 3) easily, show that there is not crossing barrier in the distant hybridization of wheat and Aegilops variabilis.
The cross-fertile situation of table 3. wheat and Aegilops variabilis
| Maternal material | The male parent material | Pollination Xiao Hua number | The cross-fertile number | The cross-fertile rate |
| Shinchunaga (long in new) | AS24 | 178 | 137 | 76.97％ |
| 99L2 | AS24 | 380 | 185 | 48.68％ |
| River wheat 28 | AS24 | 122 | 97 | 79.51％ |
| Kai Xian arhat wheat | AS24 | 102 | 81 | 79.40％ |
| TKLl | AS24 | 20 | 3 | 15.00％ |
| China spring ph1b mutant | AS24 | 34 | 19 | 55.88％ |
| The river educates 16 | AS24 | 154 | 36 | 23.38％ |
| China spring | AS24 | 75 | 56 | 75.00％ |
The chromosome set of wheat is AABBDD (2n=6x=42), and the chromosome set of Aegilops variabilis is UUS
1S
1(2n=4x=28), their hybrid F
1Plant has 35 chromosomes usually, and its chromosome set is ABDUS
1, promptly by A, B, D, U, S
1Five monoploid that chromosome set constitutes.These chromosome sets all are to exist with single part formation, in theory, and such hybridization F
1Plant chromosome in the reduction division process separates at random, and it is minimum that acquisition simultaneously has the possibility of these 35 chromosomal female and male gametophytes, therefore has the gamete frequency of normal life power very low, thus such F
1The plant selfing is shaky usually.We have added up respectively, and the river educates 16, river wheat 28, TKL1, new in length, Kai Xian arhat wheat, China spring and China spring ph1b and Aegilopsvariabilis AS24 hybridize F
1The solid situation of each 40 strain of plant (amounting to 280 strains).The ripening rate of finding these hybrids is very low really, from 280 plant, only obtains 6 seeds altogether, and on average each plant only obtains 0.02 seed.Further the root tip chromosomes number of these 6 seeds is observed, the chromosome number of these 6 seeds all is lower than 70.These results show, these hybrid F
1Reorganization of reduction division chromosome and chromosome doubling do not take place in plant.
Embodiment 4: the distant hybrid self-fruitful rate height of wheat new material SHW-L1 and Aegilops variabilis:
Different with the above-mentioned wheat lines that does not have the reduction division recombination gene is to have the wheat new material SHW-L1 and the Aegilops variabilis hybridization F of reduction division recombination gene
1Plant has high ripening rate.In the 2003-2004 season of growth, hybridization obtains to wheat SHW-L1 (female parent) and Aegilops variabilis (male parent) that to have chromosome number be 35 14 strain F for we
1The solid situation of plant is added up, and specifically sees Table 4.
Table 4. wheat SHW-L1 (female parent) and Aegilops variabilis (male parent) hybrid F
1The solid situation of plant
| The plant numbering | Tiller number | Selfing Xiao Hua number | The self-fertility number | The F1 self-fruitful rate | ||
| 2003-2004 year | ||||||
| Plant 1 | 50 | 1000 | 164 | 16.40％ | ||
| Plant 2 | 12 | 240 | 20 | 8.33％ | ||
| Plant 3 | 14 | 280 | 21 | 7.50％ | ||
| Plant 4 | 18 | 360 | 48 | 13.33％ | ||
| Plant 5 | 59 | 1180 | 182 | 15.42％ | ||
| Plant 6 | 40 | 800 | 99 | 12.38％ | ||
| Plant 7 | 26 | 520 | 48 | 9.23％ | ||
| Plant 8 | 40 | 800 | 108 | 13.50％ | ||
| Plant 9 | 19 | 380 | 61 | 16.05％ | ||
| Plant 10 | 14 | 280 | 24 | 8.57％ | ||
| Plant 11 | 15 | 300 | 51 | 17.00％ | ||
| Plant 12 | 24 | 480 | 62 | 12.92％ | ||
| Plant 13 | 17 | 340 | 14 | 4.12％ | ||
| Plant 14 | 22 | 440 | 36 | 8.18％ | ||
| 2003-2004 year mean value | 26 | 529 | 67 | 12.68％ | ||
| 2005-2006 year | ||||||
| Plant 1 | 14 | 280 | 66 | 23.57％ | ||
| Plant 2 | 15 | 300 | 49 | 16.33％ | ||
| Plant 3 | 33 | 660 | 199 | 30.15％ | ||
| Plant 4 | 35 | 700 | 73 | 10.43％ | ||
| Plant 5 | 13 | 260 | 46 | 17.69％ | ||
| Plant 6 | 22 | 440 | 27 | 6.14％ | ||
| Plant 7 | 16 | 320 | 75 | 23.44％ | ||
| Plant 8 | 13 | 260 | 24 | 9.23％ | ||
| Plant 9 | 15 | 300 | 75 | 25.00％ | ||
| Plant 10 | 19 | 380 | 131 | 34.47％ | ||
| Plant 11 | 11 | 220 | 34 | 15.45％ | ||
| 2005-2006 year mean value | 19 | 375 | 73 | 1939％ | ||
As can be seen from the above table, on average each plant knot is 67,14 of minimum knots, 182 of the highest knots.The average inbreeding ripening rate of 14 plant is 12.68%, and minimum is 4.12%, and the highest is 17%.In the 2005-2006 season of growth, we are to the 11 strain Fs of wheat SHW-L1 (female parent) with Aegilops variabilis (male parent) hybridization acquisition
1The solid situation of plant is added up.73 of average each plant knots, 24 of minimum knots, 199 of the highest knots.The average inbreeding ripening rate of 14 plant is 19.39%, and minimum is 6.14%, and the highest is 34.47%.
In the 2003-2004 season of growth, we are to the 4 strain Fs of wheat Aegilops variabilis (female parent) with SHW-L1 (male parent) hybridization acquisition
1The solid situation of plant is added up and is seen Table 5.
Table 5.Aegilops variabilis (female parent) and wheat SHW-L1 (male parent) hybrid F
1The solid situation of plant
| The plant numbering | Tiller number | Selfing Xiao Hua number | The self-fertility number | The F1 self-fruitful rate |
| 2003-2004 year | ||||
| Plant 1 | 49 | 980 | 210 | 21.43％ |
| Plant 2 | 19 | 380 | 6 | 1.58％ |
| Plant 3 | 12 | 240 | 34 | 14.17％ |
| Plant 4 | 36 | 720 | 120 | 16.67％ |
| 2003-2004 year mean value | 29 | 580 | 93 | 15.95％ |
| 2005-2006 year | ||||
| Plant 1 | 5 | 100 | 1 | 1.00％ |
| Plant 2 | 3 | 60 | 2 | 3.33％ |
| 2005-2006 year mean value | 4 | 80 | 1.5 | 1.88％ |
The solid seed number of these 4 plant is respectively that the 1st strain is 210, and the 2nd strain is 6, and the 3rd strain is 34, and the 4th strain is 120.The average inbreeding ripening rate of these 4 plant is 15.95%, and minimum is 1.58%, and the highest is 21.43%.In the 2005-2006 season of growth, we are again to the 2 strain Fs of wheat Aegilops variabilis (female parent) with SHW-L1 (male parent) hybridization acquisition
1The solid situation of plant is added up.1 and 2 respectively of the solid seed number of these 2 plant, ripening rate is respectively 1.00% and 3.33%.
Positive and negative hybrid F by 2 years
1The solid situation of plant shows that SHW-L1 is different with other wheats, the F that SHW-L1 and Aegilops variabilis hybridization obtain
1Plant has very high self-fruitful rate.This high self-fruitfulness is all expressed between different year and different plants.Further, we choose more self-fruitful seeds and do the observation of root tip chromosomes number, find that a lot of seeds have 70 chromosomes.Because the chromosome set of new wheat SHW-L1 is AABBDD (2n=6x=42), the chromosome set of Aegilops variabilis is UUS
1S
1(2n=4x=28), their hybrid F
1Plant has 35 chromosomes usually, and its chromosome set is ABDUS
1, promptly by A, B, D, U, S
1Five monoploid that chromosome set constitutes.F
1The seed that the plant selfing produces has 70 chromosomes, shows that having chromosome set is ABDUS
1These haplobionts chromosome has taken place has doubled automatically.This shows that the gene of recombinating from the control reduction division chromosome of tetraploid is at these F
1Can express in the hybrid plant, thereby produce high-frequency unreduced gamete, unreduced gamete chromosomally doubles automatically in conjunction with having realized, promptly is to have ABDUS
1The genomic F of monoploid
1Plant doubles to obtain to have chromosome set AABBDDUUS automatically
1S
1F
2Plant.
Claims (1)
1. a simple screening method that produces the wheat genotypes of unreduced gamete is characterized in that the F that obtains by wheat and Aegilops variabilis distant hybridization
1Whether the plant selfing solid the screening, and it may further comprise the steps:
The wheat genotypes that a, selection are intended identifying is as tested material, and as test material, the two carries out distant hybridization with wheat external source species Aegilops variabilis Eig, obtains F
1Hybrid;
B, in the next season of growth, divide individual plant and thin planting distant hybridization F
1Seed obtains F
1Plant;
C, have parents' proterties, and pseudostationary has only maternal proterties, remove pseudostationary according to true hybrid;
D, investigate different F
1The self-fertility situation of hybrid plant obtains the self-fruitful rate of each plant and the average inbreeding ripening rate of different plants;
E, judge by the self-fertility situation whether tested wheat has under haploid state and produce unreduced gamete, thereby realize the function that chromosome doubles automatically; If hybrid F
1The average inbreeding ripening rate of plant is more than 1%, and then tested wheat has the function that produces unreduced gamete.
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 樊路,等.（普通小麦×山羊草）F1用普通小麦回交的初步研究.《遗传》.1993,第15卷(第3期),25-27. |
| 樊路等.(普通小麦×山羊草)F1用普通小麦回交的初步研究.《遗传》.1993,第15卷(第3期),25-27. * |
| 胡含,等.小麦属间杂种染色体自然加倍种质的发现和研究.《植物细胞工程与育种》.北京工业大学出版社,1990,(第1版),171-176. |
| 胡含等.小麦属间杂种染色体自然加倍种质的发现和研究.《植物细胞工程与育种》.北京工业大学出版社,1990,(第1版),171-176. * |
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