CN1006326B - Solar thermal-arrest device with sub-mirror - Google Patents
Solar thermal-arrest device with sub-mirrorInfo
- Publication number
- CN1006326B CN1006326B CN87106569A CN87106569A CN1006326B CN 1006326 B CN1006326 B CN 1006326B CN 87106569 A CN87106569 A CN 87106569A CN 87106569 A CN87106569 A CN 87106569A CN 1006326 B CN1006326 B CN 1006326B
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- axis
- mirror
- tracking axis
- tracking
- universal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
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- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
High temperature heat sources can be obtained by a light-collection type solar energy heat collection device. Whereas, at present, a paraboloid light collection mirror is heavy and difficult to realize automatic following. When the paraboloid light collection mirror is used, the focus follows the sun to move, so that the paraboloid light collection mirror is inconvenient in use. In the present invention, a plurality of small mirrors replace a whole reflecting mirror so as to overcome the defects. The present invention is characterized in that the separate following control of the small mirrors is realized by simple mechanical devices and an automatic sun following device without additional energy sources is arranged. The heat collection device which is low in cost and easy in manufacture can obtain high temperature heat source in a fixed focus. The present invention can be used in various fields such as cooking, heating of water, refrigeration, light collection, drying, electricity generation, etc. and the present invention can be easily arranged on a balcony, outside a window, etc.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of minute mirror motion tracking solar heat collector and utilize speculum that the parallel radiation light of the sun is gathered after reflection at its focus place, can be widely used in many-sided utilization such as solar energy heating, heating, refrigeration, daylighting.
Solar energy have economy, pollution-free, do not destroy environment, be not subjected to advantage such as resource restriction, making full use of solar energy is to solve important directions of energy-intensive.
Helioplant can be divided into light collecting and non-spotlight mode two big classes.Non-spotlight mode can only be used for limited fields such as hot water, heating owing to can not obtain high temperature heat source; And, use difficulty winter because the area of dissipation of this class device own is big.
The concentrating solar use device can access high temperature heat source, potential being of wide application.At present most typical in this class device is method with parabolic mirror optically focused, it by:
The speculum of (1) paraboloid of revolution shape
(2) be located at the heat utilization device at focus place
(3) support
(4) follow the tracks of the mechanism that the sun moves.
Constitute etc. several parts, this concentrating solar heat collector has following some deficiency, and its application is restricted:
(1) in the process that the tracking sun moves, the position of focus and sensing all change, and bring very big difficulty for the efficient utilization of heat energy and luminous energy.
(2) whole mirror body heaviness is difficult for balance to fulcrum, and (becoming) with load, power required during tracking is big, is difficult to realize from motion tracking.
(3) because focus and the sun must make the scope of application of this heat collector restricted greatly in the same side of device, building outside window or balcony just be difficult to use.
At present useful a plurality of small reflectors replace the device of unitary reflector, as long as change the angle of each little mirror, just can when the tracking sun moves light be gathered in fixing focus, and it can overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of unitary reflector.But because each little mirror rotational angle difference when following the tracks of, need complicated control for realizing following the tracks of, the control system formed of computer and a lot of executing agencies' (motor) for example, cost is very high.Therefore, present this condenser system only is used for large solar generator experimental device, can't be used for small-scale device (as the family expenses solar cooker).
In document US PAT 4,102,326, proposed a kind ofly to realize the device that each little mirror interlock is followed the tracks of, can overcome above-mentioned shortcoming with mechanical means.But should invention still there be following major defect:
(1) in the interlock tracking means, require the center of rotation of each little mirror equidistantly not to be distributed on the curved surface of a complexity.This structural requirement brings great difficulty, the feasibility extreme difference of Project Realization for everyways such as Design of device, processing, installation, debugging, detection, maintenance.
(2) tracking means adopts photoelectricity to wait upon dress system, this system works needs additional power source, reduced on the one hand the economical operation index of system, limited device on the other hand and used in the non-transformer area, and the place that should exhibit one's skill to the full of solar energy equipment exactly, non-transformer area.Adopt the solar cell power supply can raise the cost again, be unfavorable for promoting.
In order to overcome existing above-mentioned deficiency of dividing mirror motion tracking solar heat collector, improve the feasibility of Project Realization, avoid dependence, special proposition the present invention to power supply.
The present invention is decomposed into the compound movement of little mirror focusing and follows the tracks of two kinds of simple motions, and its key has been to use a kind of mechanical part that is called universal angle resolver, and it can determine each little mirror to realize the correct direction that focuses on respectively under the tracking control of equal angular.Make that each little mirror center of rotation and drive point all are equidistantly to distribute in the plane, improved the manufacturability of device greatly.The present invention has also comprised several automatic sun tracking means that do not need additional power source, makes device can be operated in the non-transformer area.The solar cooker made from this focus tracking mode, be easily mounted on all places, level land, balcony be outer, can install outside window, focus can arbitrarily be set by customer requirements, solved the difficult problem of urban area use solar cooker, and can a tractor serves several purposes, for example when making meal as solar cooker, the other times manufacture hot water.But also can be used to warm oneself, air-conditioning, refrigeration, drinking water boiler, generating, daylighting etc. all need the device of thermal source or light source, when as water heater, also can obtain high-temperature-hot-water winter.This optically focused mode also can be placed on light source the focal position to obtain parallel reverberation, can be used as searchlight, spotlight, longshot flash lamp etc., is easier to control direction of illumination than whole optically focused.
Theing contents are as follows of accompanying drawing is described:
Fig. 1 heat collector overall schematic
The universal angle resolver schematic diagram of Fig. 2
The universal angle resolver structure of Fig. 3 compasses type
The universal angle resolver structure of Fig. 4 link type
The universal angle resolver structure of Fig. 5 bevel gear type
Fig. 6 light-Re-vapour pressure type tracking means structure
Fig. 7 optical pressure pipe structure
Fig. 8 equator ceremony tracking means structure
Fig. 9 waits the angle transmission schematic diagram
The schematic diagram that divides mirror motion tracking solar heat collector is as shown in Figure 1: the heat utilization device (2) and a plurality of universal angle resolver (3) that are positioned at focus are housed on fixed frame (1), each universal angle resolver has three axles: focal axis (4), tracking axis (5) and mirror axle (6), no matter the frame for movement of universal angle resolver inside guarantees tracking axis and focal axis and points to what direction that the mirror axle all is on the angular bisector direction of tracking axis and focal axis.Adorn speculum (7) on the mirror axle of universal angle resolver, make the normal direction of speculum identical with the mirror axle.Focal axis fixed directional focus direction, like this, as long as make tracking axis point to the sun, according to reflection law, the sunlight mirror reversal that will be reflected is mapped on the focus.Sun tracker (8) control main shaft is followed the tracks of the direction that (9) always point to the sun, and main shaft is followed the tracks of by waiting angle transmission (10) to drive the tracking axis of each universal angle resolver, they is all followed the tracks of with main shaft keep equidirectional, promptly points to solar direction.The system of Zu Chenging like this can be in sun running, remains the sunlight that shines on each speculum and all reflects and converge on the heat utilization device that is positioned at focus.
Divide mirror motion tracking solar heat collector that three critical components are arranged: universal angle resolver, sun tracker and etc. angle transmission.Below with embodiment three's structure is described.
The abstract structure of universal angle resolver as shown in Figure 2, it comprises three axles: mirror axle (6), focal axis (4) and tracking axis (5).The mechanism of universal angle resolver should guarantee that three axles always are in the same plane, three axles meet at a bit, be called angle resolver center (11), and the mirror axle always is positioned on the angular bisector of angle of other diaxon, that is to say that the mirror axle equates (α=β) with the other angle of diaxon.The concrete structure of realizing this structure is a lot, below only lifts three example explanations:
The structure of the universal angle resolver of garden formalism as shown in Figure 3, advise in its shape such as garden, bipod is respectively focal axis (4) and tracking axis (5), stem is mirror axle (6), and a pair of identical gear (12), (12 ') engagement is arranged between the bipod.Focal axis is fixed on the fixed frame (1) by bearing (13).
2. the structure of the universal angle resolver of link type as shown in Figure 4, mirror axle (6) is fixed on the fixed frame (1) by universal joint (14), one slide block (15) is arranged on the mirror axle, can slide and rotation along the mirror axle, the slide block both sides connect two isometric connecting rods (17,18) with hinge (16), the other end of connecting rod (17) is fixed on the fixed frame (1) by universal joint (19), and the other end of connecting rod (18) connects with waiting angle transmission (10) by universal joint (20).Line between universal joint (19) and (14) is focal axis (4), and the line between universal joint (19) and (20) is tracking axis (5), waits angle transmission (10) should guarantee that distance is constant between universal joint in tracing process (20) and (14).
3. the structure of the universal angle resolver of bevel gear type as shown in Figure 5, its core is 4 bevel gears (21 that lump together, 22,23,24), wherein bevel gear (21) is fixed on the interior ring (26) of ball bearing (25), the axis of bearing (25) is a focal axis, fixing tracking axis (5) on the bevel gear (22), bevel gear (23,24) be through on the mirror axle (6), the outer ring (27) of bearing (25) is the part of spherical shell (28), spherical shell (28) is clamped on the pallet (29), pallet (29) is fixed on the fixed frame (1), before clamping, should adjust the focal axis direction, make it directed toward focal point.Tracking axis (5) is connected with waiting angle transmission (10) by the universal joint (20) of its lower end.
In order to guaranteeing that the sun tracker that main tracking axis points to the sun all the time can have multiple mode, below only illustrate:
1. the structure of light-Re-vapour pressure type tracking means as shown in Figure 6, in four sides of main tracking axis (9) several (as four) optical pressure pipes (30) are housed, connect a brake cable (32) (brake cable of available bicycle brake) on the take-off lever of each optical pressure pipe (31), swing by main tracking of brake cable control, when main tracking axis does not point to the solar time, the optical pressure Guan Shouguang that is positioned at the sun one side is more, produce big pressure, the brake cable that pulling is connected with this optical pressure pipe take-off lever makes main tracking axis swing to solar direction.When main tracking axis during over against solar direction, each optical pressure Guan Shouguang equalization, pressure balance, no longer action.One group of optical pressure pipe also can be installed, to do accurate control around focus.Main tracking axis is fixed in fixed frame (1) by universal joint (33), and its lower end is by angle transmissions (10) such as universal joint (34) drivings.An anti-dazzling screen can be installed to improve tracking accuracy in main tracking axis upper end.
The structure of optical pressure pipe such as Fig. 7 place a dark color (as black) bellows (36) in double-layer glass tube (35), an end of bellows is fixed on the base station (38) by fixed bar (37), and the other end is being fixed take-off lever (31).Vacuumize between the layer glass of double-layer glass tube, to prevent heat loss through convection.Low-boiling point liquid is housed in bellows, and when sun lights was on bellows, temperature raise in the pipe, the liquid in pipe evaporation, and pressure increases, and promotes take-off lever and outwards moves.Can demifacet plating mirror on the outer wall of double-layer glass tube, make its acceptance light on the one hand.
2. equator ceremony tracking means, its principle as shown in Figure 8.It is made of a clock (39) and two axles, one is main shaft (40), its directed north star direction, by the speed rotation of clock control to change every day one, another root is main tracking axis (9), and its end is connected with main shaft, can adjust by season with the angle of main shaft, the other end is controlled the tracking axis of each universal angle resolver by angle transmissions such as universal joint drivings.
With the main shaft direction vertical with main tracking axis a bar (41) is installed, as the power of tracking means, is improved weight every morning, the position that makes main tracking axis aim at the sun or conform to the time can keep one day tracking.Certainly, also can adopt electronic clock control equatorial telescope.
3. light-electric tracing device also can be formed sun tracker with photocell, motor and control circuit, because the design of the method for designing of available routine is not described in detail herein.Photronic shortcoming is that cost is still high, with external power many inconvenience is arranged then.
4. the hand tracking means by manually moving main tracking axis with hand at any time, makes it point to solar direction.
Angle transmissions such as use, purpose be the motion of the main tracking axis of sun tracker is passed to the tracking axis of each universal angle resolver.Can realize with a movable frame Deng angle transmission, as shown in Figure 9.Movable frame (10) is fixed on the framework (44) by the vertical shaft (43) with the corresponding distribution of universal angle resolver (3) to be formed.The top of each vertical shaft is connected tracking axis (5) lower end of each universal angle resolver by universal joint (20).One (45) in the vertical shaft are connected main tracking axis (9) lower end of sun tracker (8) by universal joint (34).Have 1～4 vertical shaft to be fixed on the fixed frame (1) by universal joint (48) in addition, there is weight (49) the balancing pole upper end, with the deadweight of balance fixed frame.Each tracking axis length and main tracking axis and balancing pole are all identical to the length the universal joint (34,46) that connects movable frame by the universal joint that is connected and fixed framework (33,48), according to parallelogram principle, each tracking axis and main tracking axis keeping parallelism when motion, point to same direction, realize the isogonism transmission.
The present invention has started grand prospect for disperseing (family) solar energy utilization on a small scale, on basis of the present invention, and then can design the solar energy utilization system of multiple practicality, for example air-conditioning, hot water, generating three-in-one system, night also spendable heat accumulating type solar cooker or the like.
Claims (1)
1, solar thermal-arrest device with sub-mirror by fixed frame 1, is arranged on the heat collector 2 at focus place, a plurality of or organize reflecting optics 7 more, and sun tracker 8 constitutes, and it is characterized in that:
(1) have universal angle resolver 3, it is a kind of mechanical part, has three axles: focal axis 4, tracking axis 5 and mirror axle 6, no matter guaranteeing tracking axis, the mechanism in the angle resolver how to swing, always the mirror axis remains on the angular bisector direction of focal axis and tracking axis;
(2) described sun tracker 8, wherein adopted optical pressure pipe 30, the shell of optical pressure pipe is a bimetallic tube 35, the material that tube wall uses thermal radiation to be easy to see through, be evacuated between the two-layer pipe, the one easy bellows 36 that absorbs thermal radiation is housed in the pipe, and envelope has low-boiling point liquid in the bellows, by take-off lever 31 output displacement drive master tracking axis 9;
(3) angle transmission 10 such as have, it is a movable frame, connects the main tracking axis 9 of sun tracker 8 and the tracking axis 5 of each universal angle resolver 3, and main tracking axis 9 moves with each tracking axis 5 isometric each tracking axis and main tracking axis keeping parallelism of making;
(4) relation between the described each several part is: the focal axis 4 of universal angle resolver 3 is fixed on the fixed frame 1, the direction directed toward focal point, each speculum 7 is fixed on the mirror axle 6 of universal separately angle resolver 3, the speculum normal direction is identical with mirror axle 6 axis directions, like this, when the main tracking axis 9 of sun tracker 8 drives the tracking axis 5 of each universal angle resolver by waiting angle transmission 10, when making each tracking axis point to solar direction, each speculum can be with the incident sunlight reflected on focus.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN87106569A CN1006326B (en) | 1987-10-05 | 1987-10-05 | Solar thermal-arrest device with sub-mirror |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN87106569A CN1006326B (en) | 1987-10-05 | 1987-10-05 | Solar thermal-arrest device with sub-mirror |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1037030A CN1037030A (en) | 1989-11-08 |
| CN1006326B true CN1006326B (en) | 1990-01-03 |
Family
ID=4815761
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN87106569A Expired CN1006326B (en) | 1987-10-05 | 1987-10-05 | Solar thermal-arrest device with sub-mirror |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1006326B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUPN201395A0 (en) * | 1995-03-28 | 1995-04-27 | University Of Sydney, The | Solar energy collector system |
| AU2005278448B2 (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2008-12-18 | Tokyo Institute Of Technology | Sunlight heat collector, sunlight collecting reflection device, sunlight collecting system, and sunlight energy utilizing system |
| CN101029779B (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2012-01-04 | 李建民 | Solar optical-lens tracking utilizer and its array |
| CN100545693C (en) * | 2007-08-14 | 2009-09-30 | 北京实力源科技开发有限责任公司 | Solar-energy light collector and concentrating method |
| WO2010043835A1 (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2010-04-22 | Kuldip Singh Virk | Solar panels |
| CN102857143A (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-01-02 | 益科博能源科技（上海）有限公司 | Solar collector comprising solar tracking device |
| CN113377132A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-09-10 | 青岛科技大学 | Intelligent glass plate of MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) micro-mirror array for tracking and condensing light |
-
1987
- 1987-10-05 CN CN87106569A patent/CN1006326B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1037030A (en) | 1989-11-08 |
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