TWI406012B - Can reduce the light source distance of light per unit area luminous flux increment device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a unit area light flux enhancing apparatus capable of reducing the distance of light collection for light source, mainly comprises forward and backward lens arrays, dual axis supporting frames perpendicular to each other, movement supporting frame and fixing frame, automatic slant rotation speed limiter damper mechanism, slant rotation gravitation generator and photoelectric converter array. Said apparatus is based on the light group field theory, uses lens array to increase the light flux and light intensity of emission light per unit area, so that the light energy obtained by the photoelectric converter is increased. The present apparatus, not using concentrating solar power generation method, will not generate high temperature effect to the photoelectric converter and is mainly applied to solar energy generation and assorted recycling of photo energy. The present apparatus can increase the solar energy collection efficiency during the effective sun shine period, and all components can be manufactured by common materials with a regular industry method.

Description

Light flux increase unit per unit area capable of shortening the light source distance

The invention relates to a device mainly applied to solar power generation and light energy recycling, in particular to a light source and a light intensity which can effectively shorten the light source distance to the light source, thereby improving the unit area of the light receiving place, and can improve the solar energy collection efficiency in the effective daylight hours. A unit area luminous flux incrementing device that can shorten the lighting distance of the light source.

Solar energy is a kind of permanent energy and environmentally clean energy, and solar power is one of the basic methods for humans to obtain energy from the sun. The main indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of a solar power technology solution is the efficiency of the program to collect solar energy per unit area of the Earth's surface. The efficiency of solar energy collection per unit area of the Earth's surface refers specifically to the surface of the Earth per unit time. The luminous flux value and light intensity value of the sunlight collected by the spherical surface of a certain location.

For solar power generation, the larger the luminous flux and the light intensity of the relatively stable spectral frequency, the more favorable it is to increase the amount of photoelectric light generated by the photoelectric conversion device (such as a solar cell), and the more the unit surface area of the earth surface can be obtained. Electrical energy. This is because the projected light projected onto the photoelectric conversion device, if a photoelectric effect can occur and its spectral frequency (or amplitude) is relatively stable, the generated photocurrent intensity saturation value and the luminous flux per unit area and the light intensity value In direct proportion.

At present, there are various technical solutions in the world that use optical methods to concentrate solar energy, mainly including convex lens focusing and Fresnel lens focusing schemes, and various types of plane mirrors or parabolic mirror concentrating schemes.

The existing various types of convex lenses and Fresnel lens concentrating schemes use the refractive characteristics of the condensing lens to refract sunlight passing through the lens area and gather around the focal length of the lens to form a high temperature and high brightness focus. Since the area of the concentrating lens is much larger than the area of the concentrating focus, such a scheme does not substantially increase the amount of solar energy collected per unit area, but only concentrates the refracting sunlight through the lens area to increase the light intensity of the focus. . Although such a method can reduce the amount of use of the solar cell, since the focus temperature formed by the condensing lens refracting the sunlight is high, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell is inversely proportional to the temperature, such a concentrating mirror type solar cell must There are cooling devices to maintain work efficiency and avoid burnout, and the cooling device requires a certain amount of energy, so the cost-effectiveness and cost performance of such a solution are relatively low. Moreover, the premise of such a scheme is "focusing", so in order to ensure the formation of the focus and to ensure the light intensity of the focus, it is impossible to avoid excessive temperature by adjusting the distance between the solar cell collecting plate and the lens.

There are various types of flat mirror or parabolic reflector concentrating schemes, and the large volume of the concentrating system needs to occupy a large land area and space volume. Moreover, this kind of scheme only collects the sunlight reaching the reflective surfaces from different angles and gathers them together at a certain concentration point to increase the intensity of the sunlight at the point. The total area of the light-reflecting surface is still much larger than The area of its spotlight. Therefore, such methods do not substantially have the effect of improving the solar energy collection efficiency per unit area of the Earth's surface, which is quite uneconomical in terms of efficiency and cost of equipment and land.

Because the earth rotates and revolves around the sun, the sun's daily movements have azimuth and declination angles relative to a point on the Earth's surface. To collect more solar energy per unit of time during the daily sunshine hours, the solar cell's lighting surface must always follow the sun's movement. Most of the existing solar tracking methods use measurement sensors (such as photosensitive sensing, thermal sensing, temperature difference sensing, etc.) to sense sunlight, and then analyze and process the measurement information through relevant devices to issue commands to the servo drive mechanism. Let the agency act accordingly to track the sun. Such methods are complex and require a certain amount of energy, and the devices of such methods are subject to meteorological conditions (such as the sun or cloudy weather of the sun), and the system is low in effectiveness and reliability. Malfunction. In addition, in the existing solar tracking method, there is also a device that uses a computer to prepare a preset program to instruct the servo drive to follow the movement of the sun. However, such a device is also expensive because of complicated structure and energy consumption. .

Obviously, to further develop human solar power technology, it is necessary to fundamentally change the existing solar energy collection scheme, use more effective new methods to improve the solar energy collection efficiency per unit area of the Earth's surface, and need a new method that is simple and reliable. To track the two-dimensional movement of the sun. Device products manufactured according to new technical solutions, and need to reduce costs to facilitate wide application.

At present, a large part of the daily electricity consumption of human society is consumed in lighting (such as street lighting, parks, squares, shops and other public facilities lighting, underground traffic lighting, residential areas, corridors and home lighting, etc.). If the light energy of various lights is recycled and reused by using simple and effective lighting collection method without affecting the effect of lighting and the appearance of the environment, it will save a lot of energy, and its significance is worthy of great attention from human society.

The object of the present invention is to provide a technical solution mainly for solar power generation and various light energy recycling, that is, a unit area luminous flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of a light source, which can significantly increase the luminous flux per unit area and the intensity of emitted light.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a unit area luminous flux incrementing device capable of automatically tracking sunlight and shortening the light collecting distance of a light source, which does not need to measure a sensor, and can realize solar two-dimensional motion tracking without energy consumption during motion. Features.

The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

A unit area light flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of a light source, comprising: a bracket and a front lens element and a rear lens element disposed in sequence against the incident light, wherein the front lens element and the rear lens element pass the The brackets are connected to each other to form a device body; the main optical axis of the front lens element, the main optical axis of the rear lens element, and the central axis of the light receiving surface of the light receiving device are coincident with each other; wherein the front lens element is incident on the light receiving device The incident light of the surface is first concentrated to form an outgoing light, and the rear lens element converges the emitted light of the front lens element for a second time and is projected onto a light receiving surface of the light receiving device, the front lens The area A1 of the light-receiving surface of the module, the area A3 of the light-receiving surface of the light-receiving device, and the cross-sectional area A2 of the light emitted from the second-stage convergence of the rear lens element on the plane of the light-receiving surface of the light-receiving device The following proportional relationship is satisfied: A1 of the difference between the area A2 and the area A1 is 10%, and the difference between the area A3 and the area A1 is ≦10% of A1.

The light receiving device includes a photoelectric conversion element located behind the rear lens element, the front lens element, the rear lens element and the photoelectric conversion element being connected to each other by the bracket to form a device body; the rear lens element is front The emitted light of the lens element is concentrated for a second time and projected onto the light receiving surface of the photoelectric conversion element.

The light-receiving device may also be a device that directly uses light energy to charge, for example, a charging lamp that is charged by light energy, a mobile phone charger that is charged by light energy, a battery that is charged by light energy, and the like.

The unit area luminous flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source further includes a chasing mechanism for rotating the apparatus main body relative to the horizontal plane according to the direction of the incident solar ray to make the front lens element The light receiving surface is perpendicular to the incident sun rays.

Since the above technical solution is adopted, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:

1. The lens array assembly of the present invention expands the lighting angle of the center point of the light source while narrowing the range of the lighting field to the center point of the light source, thereby increasing the luminous flux of the light emitted by the unit array of the lens array group, resulting in a lens array. The light intensity per unit area of the group of emitted light also increases, which significantly increases the light energy collection efficiency per unit area, so that the corresponding unit area photoelectric conversion device (for example, a solar cell) can be replaced with more photoelectric energy. The experimental results of the invention under the existing material conditions show that the invention can increase the luminous flux and light intensity per unit area of natural light on the earth surface (for example, summer sunlight) by 40% to 80%; and can display indoor and outdoor lights within a certain distance. (for example, general lighting) The luminous flux and light intensity per unit area increase by 60% to 250%.

2. The sum of the spot areas of the lens arrays of the present invention is approximately equal to the area of the front lens array, and the light intensity at the spot is significantly increased but the temperature changes by ≦ ± 5%. Therefore, the present invention does not cause high temperature hazard to the photoelectric conversion device (for example, a solar cell), and it is not necessary to equip the solar cell with a cooling or thermostatic device, and the structure is simple and the energy is obviously saved.

3. The present invention utilizes the principle of gravity and centrifugal tilting speed limiting damping, so that the present invention keeps following the solar azimuth and declination angle changes for a certain period of time and maintains two-dimensional motion synchronous with the sun, thereby enabling effective daily sunshine. Maximize the collection of solar energy during the time period. The solar two-dimensional tracking mechanism of the invention does not need to measure the sensor and does not need energy consumption, and the structure is simple and reliable and the energy is obviously saved.

4. The area occupied by the present invention is the area of the photoelectric conversion device (for example, a solar cell). Therefore, the present invention has the obvious advantages of saving land and space resources when applied in urban or suburban land and limited space resources.

5. The photoelectric conversion device array moving groove device of the present invention is designed to enable an array of photoelectric conversion devices (for example, solar cells) to be separated from the lens array group in a low-light cloudy or cloudy weather environment, and to collect diffused light, reflected light, and Photoelectric conversion is performed by light energy such as scattered light, thereby expanding the application range of the present invention and improving utilization.

6. The invention can be manufactured by ordinary glass technology using ordinary glass or optical glass, engineering plastics and common metal materials, has good cost-effectiveness and cost performance, and is easy to be widely used. The overall structure of the invention is simple and reliable, relatively light in weight, has no obvious consumable and consumable components, and is easy to use and maintain. The laterally transparent structure with low center of gravity of the invention can effectively resist the attack of severe meteorological environment (such as typhoon rain or sand dust), and is suitable for long-term application in various geographical environments.

7. The lens array of the present invention can be directly applied to a solar cell package by integrating and miniaturizing the process technology, thereby further reducing weight and expanding application range, for example, for recycling various lighting energy, or for use in aerospace vehicles. , space stations and moon or Mars ground stations.

The present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the accompanying drawings, and the drawings The subject matter is only for the purpose of illustration and supplementary description. It is not necessarily the true proportion and precise configuration after the implementation of the present invention. Therefore, the scope and configuration relationship of the attached drawings should not be limited to the scope of patent application of the present invention. Narrative

Embodiment 1:

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the unit area luminous flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source according to the present invention includes: a front lens element, a rear lens element, and a photoelectric conversion element which are sequentially disposed in the direction of the light source, The front lens element, the rear lens element, and the photoelectric conversion element are integrally assembled by the movable bracket 5.

As shown in Figures 3a and 3b, the front lens element comprises a front lens array 1 which is laterally arranged by a single or a plurality of convex lenses 17; the rear lens element comprises one or more sets of arrays, each The group array is formed by arranging a single or a plurality of lenses 18 (which may be convex or concave lenses); the photoelectric conversion element includes an array 4 of photoelectric conversion devices which are laterally arranged by a single or a plurality of photoelectric conversion units 19. In this embodiment, the rear lens array includes a first group of rear lens arrays 2 and a second group of rear lens arrays 3 that are sequentially disposed in the direction of the light source. In the front lens array 1, the first rear lens array 2, and the second rear lens array 3, a plurality of lenses arranged in an array in a horizontal direction are fixedly connected to each other by a connecting device into a rectangular shape (or a polygonal shape or an elliptical shape). a plate-like structure of other geometric shapes such as a circle; in the array 4 of photoelectric conversion devices, a plurality of solar cells arranged in an array are fixedly connected to each other by a connecting device to form a rectangle (or other geometric shapes such as a polygon, an ellipse, a circle, etc.) ) The plate structure.

The central axis of the convex lens 17 in the front lens array 1 and the central axis of the lens 18 (which may be a convex or concave lens) in the corresponding rear lens array are on the same straight line, which can expand the lighting angle of the center point of the light source. And a light flux increment column unit 20 for reducing the range of the light source at the center point of the light source with respect to the light source near-light source, the light flux increment column unit 20 having an increased outgoing light emitted by the rear lens element The luminous flux per unit area and the light intensity are projected from the light receiving portion of the photoelectric conversion device by the light emitted from the luminous flux increment unit 20.

As shown in FIG. 4b and FIG. 4c, the front lens element 1, the first group of rear lens arrays 2, the second group of rear lens arrays 3, and the photoelectric conversion array 4 are spaced apart by a certain distance so that the front The area A1 of the light-receiving surface of the lens element is substantially equal to the area A3 of the light-receiving surface of the photoelectric conversion element, and the second-converged light of the rear lens element is on the plane of the light-receiving surface of the photoelectric conversion element. The upper cross-sectional area A2 is substantially equal to the area A3 of the light-receiving surface, and the difference between the area A2 and A1 is 10% of A1, and the difference between A3 and A1 is 10% of A1.

In this embodiment, the back focal length of the lens in the front lens array 1 is greater than the front focal length of the lens in the corresponding first rear lens array 2; in the front lens array 1 The back focus of the lens coincides with the front focus of the lens of the corresponding first set of rear lens array 2, or the back focus of the lens in the front lens array 1 and the corresponding first set of rear lens array 2 The distance of the front focus of the lens 10% of the back focal length of the lens in the front lens array 1.

The convex lens 17 and the lens 18 (which may be convex or concave lenses) in the front lens array 1 are rectangular or polygonal, circular, and the convex lens 17 is long or has a diameter ≧ lens 18 in the first group of rear lens arrays 2 ( a side or diameter of a convex or concave lens; a lens 18 (which may be a convex or concave lens) in the first set of rear lens arrays 2 having a side length or diameter and a lens 18 in the second set of rear lens arrays 3 ( The convex or concave lens may be the same length or the same diameter; the convex lens 17 in the front lens array 1 has a focal length > a lens 18 (which may be a convex or concave lens) in the first group of rear lens arrays 2 Focal length; lens 18 (which may be a convex or concave lens) in the second group of rear lens arrays 3, the focal length thereof The focal length of the lens 18 (which may be a convex or concave lens) in the first set of rear lens array 2.

The light flux increment column unit 20 is a convex-convex-convex column structure, and the convex lens in the front lens array 1 is a square having a relatively long side length, and the lens 18 in the first group rear lens array 2 It is a square convex lens having a relatively small side length, and the lens 18 in the second group rear lens array 3 is square and has a side length equal to that of the lens 18 in the first group rear lens array 2. Wherein, the back focal length of the front lens 1 is 4 times of the front focal length of the first group of rear lenses 2; the optical distance between the optical center of the front lens 1 and the rear lens 2 is the back focal length of the front lens 1 and The sum of the front focal lengths of the first set of rear lenses 2; the back focal length of the second set of rear lenses 3 < the front focal length of the first set of rear lenses 2; the outgoing light emitted by the second set of rear lens arrays 3, projected The sum of the areas of the spots formed after the light receiving surface of the photoelectric conversion device array 4 is equal to the sum of the areas of all the lenses in the front lens array 1.

The lens of the present invention can be made of ordinary glass or optical glass or engineering plastics, and other components can be manufactured by general industrial techniques using materials such as ordinary metals and engineering plastics.

According to the unit area light flux increasing device of the present embodiment, the lens array group can realize an optical effect and a luminous flux increment effect of shortening the lighting distance of the light source to a quarter of the actual distance. For example, when the light source S is direct sunlight, and the sunlight illuminance Eb per unit area of the earth surface is about 112980 Lux, the apparatus of one embodiment of the present invention can make the same place and the sunlight of the same area as the sunlight illumination Eb. The illumination enhancement is about 165700 Lux (spot Ea). Therefore, the apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention can increase the luminous flux per unit area by about 46.7%, that is, the luminous flux per unit area of the light-receiving surface of the photoelectric conversion device array 4 is increased by about 46.7%, thereby causing the photoelectric conversion device array 4 to be produced. The photoelectric energy can be significantly increased (incremental value of the photoelectric energy, which is related to the conversion efficiency of the specifically employed photoelectric conversion device array 4). Meanwhile, the apparatus of one embodiment of the present invention, under the condition that the luminous flux per unit area is increased by about 46.7%, the temperature of the spot Ea projected onto the light receiving surface of the photoelectric conversion device array 4 is compared with the temperature of the surrounding environment of the spot. There is no significant change, so the photoelectric conversion device array 4 is not significantly affected by temperature changes, and no cooling or constant temperature treatment is required. The pre-lens array 1 of one of the specific embodiments of the present invention uses a convex lens having a relatively large area, which is advantageous for applications in areas where the annual solar illuminance is low.

The unit area luminous flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source further comprises an axial mutually perpendicular biaxial bracket 6 and a fixed mount 9; the movable bracket 5 is rectangular (or polygonal, elliptical, circular, etc.) Other geometric shapes) frame structure, front lens array 1, rear lens array 2, 3 and photoelectric conversion device array 4 are respectively located at the top, middle and bottom of the movable frame 5; the front lens array 1 and the first group of rear lenses The array 2 and the second group of rear lens arrays 3 are mounted on the movable bracket 5 in parallel with a certain relative distance to form a lens array group; the axial mutually perpendicular biaxial brackets 6 are rectangular (or polygonal, elliptical, and circular). And other geometric shapes) the frame structure is located at the outer circumference of the middle portion of the movable bracket 5 in the height direction; the axial mutually perpendicular biaxial bracket 6 is provided with two sets of rotating shafts perpendicular to each other, that is, the horizontal direction rotating shaft 7 and the declination direction rotating shaft 8 The center lines of the two sets of rotating shafts are on the same plane and are axially perpendicular to each other; the horizontal direction rotating shaft 7 is connected to the top of the fixed mount 9, and the axial mutually perpendicular biaxial bracket 6 is wound around the horizontal axis 7 The movable bracket 5 is connected to the declination shaft 8 via two intermediate links 51 which are turned around the declination shaft 8 and suspended on top of the fixed mount 9.

According to the characteristics of the primary light group That is, the sub-optical group density ρ _S of a plane or a curved surface perpendicular to the direction of movement of the light group in the group of light groups generated by the light source is proportional to the density of the sub-light group ρ on the surface of the source point, and the plane to the light source The point is inversely proportional to the cube of Y. As shown in FIG. 4a, as shown in the lighting field of the present invention, point S is a light source point, and B, C, and D are respectively a lighting plane perpendicular to the moving direction of the light group but different from the light source point, and the distance between the two points S and D is C point. in the middle. Since the density of the sub-optical groups per unit area of B, C, and D is different, the luminous flux and light intensity per unit area of B, C, and D are also different, and B>C>D in order. When the device of the present invention is placed at the point D to illuminate the light source, and the lens main optical axis of the lens array group faces the center of the light source point, and the focal length of the front convex lens 17 is greater than 2.5 times or more the focal length of the lens 18, the lens array group is collected. The light flux and light intensity per unit area between S and C (Fig. 4a, B), rather than the luminous flux per unit area and light intensity at point D (Fig. 4a, D), that is, after using the device of the invention, the relative The light energy in a closer distance of the light source, so the luminous flux and light intensity collected per unit area is greater than the luminous flux per unit area and the light intensity naturally projected by the D point itself. The function of the second group of rear lens arrays 3 is to enlarge the projected area of the outgoing light of the first group of rear lens arrays 2 to the same area as that of the front lens array 1, so that the present invention can increase the luminous flux per unit area and light of the D point. The purpose of strength.

As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 9 , the bottom of the movable bracket is provided with a moving slot device 16 , and the photoelectric conversion device array is connected to the movable bracket through the moving slot device, and the photoelectric conversion device array passes through The trough device is moved to enter or exit the projection area of the exiting light from the lens array group. Collect light energy such as diffuse, reflected, and scattered light from the sun.

The present invention uses a lens array group to increase the luminous flux per unit area and light intensity at point D. It is not concentrated at a point D with a convex lens, and is in principle completely different from the focusing energy collecting method of the condensing lens. Since the temperature variation of the light projected from the lens array group of the present invention onto the photoelectric conversion device array 4 is small, it does not constitute a high temperature hazard to the photoelectric conversion device (for example, a solar cell), and thus it is not necessary to provide a cooling or thermostat. The lens in the rear lens array of the present invention has the same effect whether it is a convex lens or a concave lens. The present invention also has an effect of increasing the luminous flux per unit area and light intensity without providing the second group of rear lens arrays 3, but increases the distance between the first group of rear lens arrays 2 and the photoelectric conversion device array 4.

The unit area luminous flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source further includes a chasing mechanism, wherein the chasing time mechanism is an automatic tilting speed limiting mechanism, and the luminous flux per unit area can be shortened by reducing the light collecting distance of the light source. The device is provided with two sets of automatic tilting speed limiting mechanisms, each consisting of a toothed disc, a tilting speed limiting damper mechanism and a tilting gravity generator, respectively controlling the axial mutual vertical biaxial bracket and the movable bracket relative to the ground. Tilting speed; one set of gravity generators causes axially perpendicular biaxial brackets to produce a tilting moment directed to the ground, and another set of gravity generators causes the movable bracket to produce a tilting moment directed toward the ground.

The tilting speed limit damper mechanism is composed of a centrifugal rotor, a cone-shaped speed limit cover and a gear set, and the centrifugal rotor is provided with an elastic clutch piece; the tilting torque generated by the gravity generator is transmitted to the speed limit damper through the toothed disc The centrifugal rotor is driven, the cone-shaped speed limit cover controls the rotation speed of the centrifugal rotor, and the rotation speed of the centrifugal rotor controls the rotation speed of the toothed disk.

As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , FIG. 5 a , FIG. 5 b , FIG. 5 c , and FIG. 5 d , the sun-tracking mechanism includes: a horizontal tilting gravity generator 10 , a declination tilting gravity generator 11 , and a horizontal tilting The speed limit damper 12, the leveling speed limiting sprocket 13, the declination tilting speed limit damper 14, and the declination speed limiting sprocket wheel 15.

The level tilting gravity generator 10 and the declination tilting gravity generator 11 are perpendicular to each other and fixed to the bottom of the movable bracket 5; the level tilting speed limiter damper 12 is fixed on the fixed frame 9, the leveling The speed limiting sprocket 13 is fixed at one end of the axial mutual vertical double-axis bracket 6, and the horizontal tilting speed limit damper 12 includes: a main transmission driven gear 21, a centrifugal rotor 22, and a cone-shaped speed limit. The cover 23, the main drive driven gear 21 of the level tilting speed limit damper 12 meshes with the leveling speed limiting sprocket 13; the declination tilting speed limit damper 14 is fixed on the movable bracket 5, The zonal speed limiting spur gear 15 is fixed to one side of the axial mutual vertical double shaft bracket 6, and the declination tilting speed limit damper 14 includes: a main transmission driven gear 24, a centrifugal rotor 26, and a cone The cylindrical speed limiter 25, the main actuator driven gear 24 of the declination tilting speed limit damper 14 meshes with the declination to the speed limiting sprocket 15.

As shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG. 8, for the leveling chase mechanism of the present invention, the fixed mount 9 is connected to the axially perpendicular biaxial bracket 6 via the leveling shaft 7, and the horizontal axis is rotated. 7 is supported at the center of gravity of the axially mutually perpendicular biaxial bracket 6; the level is poured into the interior of the tilting gravity generator 10 to generate gravity, and is fixed at the bottom of the movable bracket 5 to form a shaft at the axis 7 Tilting torque F1. Lifting the axial mutual vertical biaxial bracket 6 drives the movable bracket 5, so that when the main optical axis of the lens array is aligned with the sun, the axial mutual vertical biaxial bracket 6 is always automatic due to the sinking effect of the horizontal tilting gravity generator 10. The side is tilted toward the side where the level tilting gravity generator 10 is mounted. The declination tilting gravity generator 11 is internally filled with clean water to generate gravity, and is fixed at the bottom of the movable bracket 5 to form a tilting moment F2.

It is also known that the declination tilting speed limit damper 14 is mounted on the fixed mount 9, and the declination speed limiting strut 15 is fixed on one side of the axial mutually perpendicular biaxial bracket 6, and the declination direction is limited. The main actuator driven gear 24 of the damper 14 meshes with the declination to the speed limiting spur gear 15, and the main transmission driven gear 24 is provided with a one-way bearing 28, so that the declination to the speed limiting sprocket 15 can be reversely rotated and reset. . When the axial mutually perpendicular biaxial bracket 6 is tilted under the action of the declination tilting gravity generator 11, the declination is driven to the speed limiting toothed disc 15 to drive the main body of the declination tilting speed limit damper 14 The actuator driven gear 24 also rotates, which in turn drives the centrifugal rotor 26 to rotate. The outer ring of the centrifugal rotor 26 is a clutch piece 27 connected by an elastic spring. When the centrifugal rotor 26 rotates, the clutch piece 27 is opened by the centripetal force F3, and the amount of opening depends on the rotational speed of the centrifugal rotor 26. The outside of the centrifugal rotor 26 is a cone-shaped speed limiter 25 that is movable in the axial direction, and the axis of the cone-shaped speed limiter 25 coincides with the axis of the centrifugal rotor 26. If the rotational speed of the centrifugal rotor 26 is increased, the opened clutch piece 27 is decelerated by contact with the inner wall of the cone-shaped speed limiter cover 25, and the centrifugal rotor 26 can thus be limited to a certain rotational speed. Moving the adjustment cone-shaped speed limit cover 25 in the axial direction, By adjusting the relative distance between the inner wall of the cone-shaped speed limiter cover 25 and the clutch plate 27, the rotational speed of the centrifugal rotor 26 can be controlled, thereby controlling the rotational speed of the main drive driven gear 24 and the declination to the speed limiting spur 15 The axially perpendicular vertical double-axis bracket 6 is slowly tilted at a certain speed to achieve the purpose of synchronous change with the solar declination angle. The embodiment and effect of the leveling and chasing mechanism of the present invention are the same as the declination to the Japanese chasing mechanism.

It can be seen that the horizontal axis 7 and the declination axis 8 of the axial mutual vertical biaxial bracket 6 are movably connected to the fixed frame 9 and the movable bracket 5, respectively, so that the present invention can be tilted two-dimensionally. At sunrise, the axial mutually perpendicular biaxial bracket 6 and the movable bracket 5 are tilted to align the main optical axis of the lens array with the sun, and the centrifugal rotor 26 and the centrifugal rotor 22 are adjusted to a predetermined rotational speed. . Under the combined effect of the leveling tilting gravity generator 10, the declination tilting gravity generator 11 and the tilting speed limiting damper mechanism, the present invention is capable of performing a two-dimensional tracking of the sun to a predetermined end time.

As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 9 , the bottom of the movable bracket is provided with a moving slot device 16 , and the photoelectric conversion device array is connected to the movable bracket through the moving slot device, and the photoelectric conversion device array passes through The trough device is moved to enter or exit the projection area of the exiting light from the lens array group. Collect light energy such as diffuse, reflected, and scattered light from the sun.

Embodiment 2:

The difference from the first embodiment is that, in the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 10a, 10b and 10c, the luminous flux increment column unit 20 is a convex-convex-convex column structure. The convex lens in the front lens array 1 is a square having a relatively small side length, the lens in the rear lens array 2 is a square convex lens having a relatively small side length, and the lens in the rear lens array 3 is a rear lens array. A square convex lens having the same lens area in 2. Wherein, the back focal length of the front lens 1 is twice the front focal length of the rear lens 2; the optical center distance of the optical center of the front lens 1 and the rear lens 2 is the back focal length of the front lens 1 and the rear lens The sum of the front focal lengths of 2; the back focal length of the rear lens 3 < the front focal length of the rear lens 2; the light emitted by the rear lens array 3 and projected onto the light receiving surface of the photoelectric conversion device array 4 The sum of the areas is equal to the sum of the areas of all the lenses in the front lens array 1. According to the second embodiment of the present invention, the lens array group can realize the optical effect and the luminous flux increment effect of shortening the lighting distance of the light source to one-half of the actual distance. For example, when the light source S is direct sunlight, and the sunlight illuminance Ed per unit area of the earth surface is about 95220 Lux, the device according to the second embodiment of the present invention can enhance the illuminance of sunlight of the same area and the same area of Ed. It is about 140960 Lux (spot Ec). Therefore, the apparatus of the second embodiment of the present invention can increase the luminous flux per unit area by about 48%, that is, the luminous flux per unit area of the light-receiving surface of the photoelectric conversion device array 4 is increased by about 48%, thereby causing the photoelectric conversion device array 4 to be produced. The photoelectric energy can be significantly increased (incremental value of the photoelectric energy, which is related to the conversion efficiency of the specifically employed photoelectric conversion device array 4). Meanwhile, the apparatus of the second embodiment of the present invention, under the condition that the luminous flux per unit area is increased by about 48%, the temperature of the spot Ec projected onto the light receiving surface of the photoelectric conversion device array 4 is compared with the temperature of the surrounding environment of the spot. There is no significant change, so the photoelectric conversion device array 4 is not significantly affected by temperature changes, and no cooling or constant temperature treatment is required. Since the convex lens area in the front lens array 1 of the second embodiment of the present invention is small, therefore, with respect to one of the specific embodiments of the present invention described above, under the premise that the luminous flux increment effect is substantially the same, The total volume of the apparatus of the second embodiment of the present invention is significantly less than the total volume of the apparatus of one of the embodiments of the present invention. The device of the second embodiment of the present invention is mainly suitable for applications in areas with large solar illuminance and frequent changes in meteorological conditions (for example, desert areas).

Embodiment 3:

Embodiment 3 of the present invention is mainly suitable for recycling various light energy. The difference from the first embodiment is that, in the third embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 11a, FIG. 11b, and FIG. 11c, the unit of the luminous flux per unit area for shortening the light collecting distance of the light source is The lens array 1, the first group of rear lens arrays 2, and the second group of rear lens arrays 3 are each curved with a radius of a distance from a center point of the light source L; the specific embodiment of the present invention The light flux increment column unit 20 of the third embodiment is a convex-convex-concave column structure, the lens in the front lens array 1 is a circular convex lens having a relatively large diameter, and the lens in the first group rear lens array 2 It is a circular convex lens having a relatively small diameter, and the lens in the second group rear lens array 3 is a circular concave lens having a relatively small diameter. Wherein, the back focal length of the front lens 1 is four times the front focal length of the first group of rear lenses 2; the optical center distance of the optical center of the front lens 1 and the first group of rear lenses 2 is the front lens 1 The sum of the back focal length and the front focal length of the first group of rear lenses 2; the back focal length of the second set of rear lenses 3 < the front focal length of the first set of rear lenses 2; and the output from the second set of rear lens arrays 3 The sum of the areas of the spots formed by the light, which are projected onto the light-receiving surface of the photoelectric conversion device array 4, is equal to the sum of the areas of all the lenses in the front lens array 1. According to the apparatus of the third embodiment of the present invention, the lens array group can realize the optical effect and the luminous flux increment effect of shortening the lighting distance of the light source to a quarter of the actual distance. For example, the light source L is an ordinary incandescent lamp with a power of 500 W, the illuminance Ef at a distance of about 6 meters from the light source L is about 66 Lux, and the lighting environment has no light source other than the light source L. The device of the third embodiment of the present invention, It is possible to enhance the illuminance of 6 m from the light source point and the same area as Ef to about 140 Lux (spot Ee). Therefore, the apparatus of the third embodiment of the present invention can increase the luminous flux per unit area by about 112.1%, that is, the luminous flux per unit area of the light-receiving surface of the photoelectric conversion device array 4 is increased by about 112.1%, thereby causing the photoelectric conversion device array 4 to be produced. The photoelectric energy is significantly increased (incremental value of the photoelectric energy per unit area of the photoelectric conversion device array 4 is related to the conversion efficiency of the specifically employed photoelectric conversion device array 4). Meanwhile, in the apparatus of the third embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the spot Ee projected onto the light-receiving surface of the photoelectric conversion device array 4 is increased from the temperature of the outer peripheral environment of the spot, under the condition that the luminous flux per unit area is increased by about 112.1%. The ratio is not significantly changed, so the photoelectric conversion device array 4 is not significantly affected by temperature changes, and no cooling or constant temperature treatment is required.

The luminous flux increment effect of one, two, and three of the embodiments of the present invention is related to conditions such as the light transmission performance of the lens employed, the isotropic or anisotropic conditions of the lens material, and the precision of lens processing.

Looking at the above, it can be seen that the present invention has achieved the desired effect under the prior art, and is not familiar to those skilled in the art. Moreover, the present invention has not been disclosed before the application, and it has Progressive and practical, it has already met the application requirements of the invention patent, and submitted an application for invention according to law. You are requested to approve the application for the invention patent to encourage the invention.

The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of the technical spirit and the features of the present invention, and the objects of the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art, and the scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereto. That is, the equivalent variations or modifications made by the spirit of the present invention should still be included in the scope of the present invention.

1. . . Front lens array

10. . . Level tilting gravity generator

11. . . Declination tilting gravity generator

12. . . Level tilting speed limit damper

13. . . Leveling speed limit gear

14. . . Declination tilting speed limit damper

15. . . Declination speed limiting gear

16. . . Moving tank device

17. . . Convex lens

18. . . lens

19. . . Photoelectric conversion unit

2. . . Rear lens array

20. . . Luminous flux increment column

twenty one. . . Main drive driven gear

twenty two. . . Centrifugal rotor

twenty three. . . Conical tubular speed limit cover

twenty four. . . Main drive driven gear

25. . . Conical tubular speed limit cover

26. . . Centrifugal rotor

27. . . Clutch piece

3. . . Rear lens array

4. . . Photoelectric conversion device array

5. . . Movable bracket

51. . . Middle link

6. . . Axial mutually perpendicular biaxial bracket

7. . . Leveling shaft

8. . . Declination

9. . . Fixed frame

A1. . . area

A2. . . area

A3. . . area

B, C, D. . . Lighting plane

Ea. . . Spot

Eb, Ed. . . Sunlight illumination

Ec. . . Spot

Ee. . . Spot

Ef. . . Illuminance

F1. . . Tilting moment

F2. . . Tilting moment

F3. . . Centripetal force

L. . . light source

S. . . Light source point

1 is a schematic view showing the overall assembly structure of a first embodiment of a light flux increasing unit per unit area for shortening the light collecting distance of a light source according to the present invention;

2 is a schematic exploded view of the unit area luminous flux increasing device of FIG. 1 capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source;

3a is a schematic exploded view showing the lens array of the first embodiment of the present invention for shortening the luminous flux per unit area of the light source; FIG.

Figure 3b is a schematic view showing the assembled structure of the lens array shown in Figure 3a;

4a is a schematic view of a lighting field applicable to a unit area luminous flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of a light source according to the present invention;

4b is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a lens array of Embodiment 1 of the apparatus for reducing luminous flux per unit area for light source illumination distance according to the present invention;

4c is a schematic diagram of the optical path and luminous flux increment effect of a single group of lens columns in the lens array shown in FIG. 4b;

5a is a perspective view showing the structure of a horizontal tilting speed limit damper mechanism of the first embodiment of the present invention for shortening the luminous flux distance per unit area of the light source;

5b is a plan view showing the structure of the level-to-tilt speed limit damper mechanism of the unit area luminous flux incrementing device capable of shortening the light source distance of the light source according to the present invention;

FIG. 5c is a schematic diagram showing the principle of moving speed limit of a centrifugal rotor and a cone-shaped speed limit cover of a unit area luminous flux increasing device capable of shortening the light source distance of the light source according to the present invention;

5d is a schematic perspective view showing the combined appearance of the tilting speed limit damper mechanism of the unit area luminous flux increasing device for shortening the light collecting distance of the light source according to the present invention;

6 is a schematic view showing a process of tracking the solar motion of a unit area luminous flux increasing device for a light source distance of a light source according to the present invention;

7 is a schematic view showing a process of tracking the solar motion in a declination direction of a unit area luminous flux incrementing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of a light source according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the overall effect of two-dimensional tracking of solar motion by a unit area luminous flux incrementing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of a light source according to the present invention; FIG.

9 is a perspective view showing the working principle of the photoelectric conversion device array moving groove device of the unit area luminous flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source according to the present invention;

10a is a schematic diagram of a lens array projection of Embodiment 2 of a unit area luminous flux incrementing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of a light source according to the present invention;

Figure 10b is a schematic view showing the combination of the lens array shown in Figure 10a;

10c is a schematic diagram of a single-group longitudinal lens optical path diagram and a luminous flux increment effect of the second embodiment of the unit area luminous flux incrementing device capable of shortening the light source distance of the light source according to the present invention;

11a is a schematic diagram of a lens array projection of a third embodiment of a unit area light flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of a light source according to the present invention;

Figure 11b is a schematic view of the lens array shown in Figure 11a;

FIG. 11c is a schematic diagram of the optical path diagram and the luminous flux increment effect of the single-group longitudinal lens of the third embodiment of the device for reducing the luminous flux per unit area of the light source according to the present invention.

1. . . Front lens array

10. . . Level tilting gravity generator

11. . . Declination tilting gravity generator

12. . . Level tilting speed limit damper

13. . . Leveling speed limit gear

14. . . Declination tilting speed limit damper

15. . . Declination speed limiting gear

16. . . Moving tank device

2. . . Rear lens array

3. . . Rear lens array

4. . . Photoelectric conversion device array

5. . . Movable bracket

6. . . Axial mutually perpendicular biaxial bracket

7. . . Leveling shaft

8. . . Declination

9. . . Fixed frame

Claims (14)

A unit area luminous flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of a light source, comprising: a bracket and a front lens element and a rear lens element disposed in sequence against the incident light, wherein the front lens element and the rear lens element pass the The brackets are connected to each other to form a device body; the main optical axis of the front lens element, the main optical axis of the rear lens element, and the central axis of the light receiving surface of the light receiving device are coincident with each other; wherein the front lens element is incident on the light receiving device The incident light of the surface is first concentrated to form an outgoing light, and the rear lens element converges the emitted light of the front lens element for a second time and is projected onto a light receiving surface of the light receiving device, the front lens The area A1 of the light-receiving surface of the module, the area A3 of the light-receiving surface of the light-receiving device, and the cross-sectional area A2 of the light emitted from the second-stage convergence of the rear lens element on the plane of the light-receiving surface of the light-receiving device The following proportional relationship is satisfied: A1 of the difference between the area A2 and the area A1 is 10%, and the difference between the area A3 and the area A1 is ≦10% of A1. The unit area light flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the light receiving device comprises a photoelectric conversion element located behind the rear lens element, the front lens element and the rear lens element The lens element and the photoelectric conversion element are connected to each other by the holder to form a device body; the rear lens element converges the emitted light of the front lens element for a second time and then projects on the light receiving surface of the photoelectric conversion element . The unit area light flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source according to the second aspect of the invention, wherein the front lens element comprises at least one front lens array which is laterally arranged by a plurality of lenses; The rear lens element includes at least one rear lens array which is laterally arranged by a plurality of lenses; the photoelectric conversion element includes an array of photoelectric conversion devices laterally arranged by a plurality of photoelectric conversion units; each of the front lenses The number of lenses in the array is the same as the number of lenses in each of the rear lens arrays and the number of photoelectric conversion units in the array of photoelectric conversion devices; the main light of each lens in the pre-lens array The axes respectively coincide with the main optical axis of the corresponding lens in the rear lens array and the central axis of the light receiving surface of the corresponding photoelectric conversion unit in the photoelectric conversion device array, so that each group faces the incident light sequentially The lens is arranged to form a set of luminous flux increments. A unit area light flux increasing device capable of shortening a light source distance of a light source according to claim 3, wherein the lens in each of the front lens arrays is a convex lens; and a lens in each of the rear lens arrays Each includes a convex lens or a concave lens. The unit area luminous flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source according to the second or third aspect of the patent application, wherein the unit area luminous flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source further comprises a chasing mechanism for The apparatus body is rotated relative to the horizontal plane in accordance with the direction of the incident solar ray such that the light receiving surface of the front lens element is perpendicular to the incident solar ray. The unit area light flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source according to claim 5, wherein the rear lens array comprises a first group of rear lens arrays and a second group of rear lens arrays, The first set of rear lens arrays coincides with the main optical axes of the second set of rear lens arrays and are sequentially disposed against the incident light; the back focal length of the lenses in the front lens array is greater than the corresponding first set of rear positions The front focal length of the lens in the lens array; the distance between the back focus of the lens in the front lens array and the front focus of the lens of the corresponding first set of rear lens arrays ≦ the lens in the front lens array 10% of the back focal length; the lens in the front lens array and the lens in the first set of rear lens arrays are rectangular or polygonal, circular, lens side length or diameter 透镜 lens in the first set of rear lens arrays The side length or diameter; the lens in the second set of rear lens arrays, the focal length of which is the focal length of the lens in the first set of rear lens arrays. The unit area light flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source according to claim 6, wherein the back focus of the lens in the front lens array and the corresponding first group rear lens array The front focal points of the lenses are coincident such that the exiting light of the lenses of the first set of rear lens arrays is parallel light; the lenses of the first set of rear lens arrays have the same lens area as the second set of rear lens arrays, and The back focus of the first set of rear lens arrays coincides with the front focus of the corresponding second set of rear lens arrays. The unit area light flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source, as described in claim 7, wherein each of the front lens array, the first group of rear lens arrays, and the second group of rear lens arrays respectively Includes a convex lens. The unit area light flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source according to claim 8, wherein the bracket comprises a movable bracket, an axial mutual vertical biaxial bracket, and a fixed mount; the front lens array The rear lens array and the photoelectric conversion device array are respectively located at the top, the middle, and the bottom of the movable bracket; the axial mutually perpendicular biaxial brackets are located at the outer circumference of the middle portion of the movable bracket height direction; and the axial mutually perpendicular biaxial brackets are provided with a mutually perpendicular leveling axis and a declination axis, wherein the horizontal axis of rotation and the center line of the declination axis are on the same plane; the horizontal axis of rotation is coupled to the top of the fixed frame, the axial mutually perpendicular The shaft bracket is turned around the horizontal axis; the movable bracket is connected to the declination shaft through two middle links, and the movable bracket is turned around the declination shaft and suspended on the top of the fixed frame. The unit area light flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source according to claim 9, wherein the day chasing mechanism comprises a water leveling and declination direction two groups of automatic tilting speed limiting mechanisms, the leveling direction The automatic tilting speed limiting mechanism comprises a leveling tilting gravity generator, a leveling tilting speed limit damper and a leveling speed limiting gear, and the declination automatic tilting speed limiting mechanism comprises a declination tilting gravity generation , declination yaw rate damper and declination speed limit sprocket. The unit area light flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source as described in claim 10, wherein the level tilting gravity generator and the declination tilting gravity generator are fixed to each other perpendicularly to each other. a bottom of the bracket; the horizontal tilting speed limit damper is fixed on the fixed frame, and the leveling speed limiting toothed disc is fixed on one side of the axial mutual vertical double shaft bracket, and the horizontal tilting speed limit damper The utility model comprises: a main drive driven gear, a centrifugal rotor, and a cone-shaped speed limit cover, wherein the main drive driven gear of the level tilting speed limit damper meshes with the leveling speed limiting tooth plate; The tilting speed limit damper is fixed on the movable bracket, and the declination speed limiting sprocket is fixed on a side of the axial mutual vertical biaxial bracket adjacent to the leveling speed limiting sprocket, the declination tilting speed limit The damper comprises: a main drive driven gear, a centrifugal rotor and a cone-shaped speed limit cover, wherein the main drive driven gear is provided with a one-way bearing, and the outer ring of the centrifugal rotor is a clutch piece connected by an elastic reed. The main pass of the declination-shifting speed limit damper Is the declination speed driven gear meshing toothed disc. The unit area light flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source as described in claim 3 or 4, wherein the bottom of the bracket is provided with a moving groove device, and the photoelectric conversion device array passes through the moving groove device Connected to the holder, and the array of photoelectric conversion devices can enter or exit the projection area of the light emitted by the lens array group by the moving groove device. The unit area light flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source according to claim 5, wherein the bottom of the bracket is provided with a moving slot device, and the photoelectric conversion device array passes through the moving slot device The brackets are connected, and the array of photoelectric conversion devices can enter or exit the projection area of the light emitted by the lens array group by the moving slot device. The unit area light flux increasing device capable of shortening the light collecting distance of the light source according to claim 9, wherein the bottom of the bracket is provided with a moving slot device, and the photoelectric conversion device array passes through the moving slot device The brackets are connected, and the array of photoelectric conversion devices can enter or exit the projection area of the light emitted by the lens array group through the moving slot device.