CN100587352C - Air conditioner ventilation control method for underground space of city - Google Patents
Air conditioner ventilation control method for underground space of city Download PDFInfo
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- CN100587352C CN100587352C CN200810136988A CN200810136988A CN100587352C CN 100587352 C CN100587352 C CN 100587352C CN 200810136988 A CN200810136988 A CN 200810136988A CN 200810136988 A CN200810136988 A CN 200810136988A CN 100587352 C CN100587352 C CN 100587352C
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Abstract
The invention discloses an air-conditioning ventilation control method of urban underground space and relates to an air-conditioning ventilation control method. The air-conditioning ventilation control method of the invention can solve the problem that the traditional air-conditioning ventilation system can not realize the purposes of having good indoor air quality and saving energy simultaneously. The air-conditioner of the invention comprises five operating working conditions, and each two adjacent working conditions can be automatically switched according to a given procedure. The control method of fresh air volume of each working condition is as follows: the deviation value of indoor CO2 concentration is regulated by a fresh air volume PID regulator and further adjusted to be within the given upper and lower limits of the fresh air volume, and the comparison with 10 percent of the total air volume is carried out, the larger one is selected as the fresh air volume to be output; thecontrol method of the total air volume of each working condition is as follows: the deviation value of indoor temperature is regulated by a total air volume PID regulator and further adjusted to be within the given upper and lower limits of the total air volume, and the comparison with the fresh air volume is carried out, and the larger one is selected as the total air volume to be output. The air-conditioning ventilation control method of the invention can not only ensure the fresh air volume to dilute the indoor generated pollutants, but can also avoid excess air supply and have significantenergy-saving effect of fans.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control method of air conditioner ventilation, especially relate to the air conditioner ventilation control method of urban underground space.
Background technology
Underground railway in the modern city, market place builet below the ground, undergrond street, underground garage, transformer station and civil air defense constructions and installations etc. all are the concrete forms of underground space development and utilization.The density of personnel fluctuation of these underground spaces is frequent.
Most at present hypogees adopts the ventilation and air conditioning system and the equipment of surface structures to handle and control thermal and humidity environment, to reach the air quality requirement.But because underground space internal contamination species is numerous, so use that existing air conditioner ventilating system can cause the air quality of the underground space poor, fresh air supply deficiency, CO
2Concentration, dust, total number of bacteria is higher, radon concentration is higher, and foreign flavor indoors is obvious, summer and plum rains season high humidity.Moisture impels mould, bacterium and viral growth, microbial contamination more serious than superstructure, and the incidence of Cure of Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) is higher than superstructure.
Traditional ventilating system is divided into constant air volume system and variable air volume system.But as things go,, all can't take into account the good and conserve energy of indoor air quality simultaneously no matter be constant air volume system or variable air volume system.Traditional constant air volume system can't detect the concentration of indoor pollutant, just ventilates according to the design ventilation, and it is excessive that ventilation often causes resh air requirement like this, and energy loss is serious.In recent years, more and more higher to requirements of saving energy, to emphasize energy-conservationly in some buildings unilaterally, new valve area is too small, causes new wind deficiency, and indoor air quality is abominable, and it is healthy to have had a strong impact on people.In the underground space, new wind deficiency is even more serious to the harm that the people brings.
Traditional variable air volume system, it has realized the control to total blast volume, has saved energy consumption greatly with respect to constant air volume system, but it does not still solve the problem of resh air requirement.Traditional variable air volume system mainly is by the adjusting of two kinds of methods realizations to resh air requirement: 1) keep constant new wind ratio; 2) keep constant resh air requirement (being generally the design resh air requirement).Both of these case causes indoor air quality to descend and energy waste respectively.
General design of air conditioning is pressed resh air requirement value per capita, and this is in density of personnel fluctuates frequent space, and there is following problem in air-conditioning system new wind mode commonly used:
(1) energy waste is comparatively serious.At present, the waste of the novel wind energy source of air-conditioning system is very serious, such as the air-conditioning system of market place builet below the ground, calculates because the type selecting of the design in fresh wind tube road and new blower fan group all is specified guest's numbers by each zone, so when not high or dull and rush season was uneven when the volume of the flow of passengers, resh air requirement will be excessive.The valuable energy is wasted, and suffer economic loss.
(2) the novel wind energy consumption is considerable.General provision requires the resh air requirement of air-conditioning system should must not satisfy the amount of fresh air of everyone 20m3/h～50m3/h simultaneously less than 10% of total air output now.Press the ventilation of room rate of ventilation and calculate, greatly about 0.5 time/h～3 time/h.Handle these new wind and will pay certain novel wind energy consumption, approximately duty is transferred 30%～40% of total energy consumption, and quantity is considerable.In the underground space, owing to be difficult to utilize gravity-flow ventilation, reasons such as the constant temperature and humidity of building wall and density of personnel increase make that the novel wind energy consumption is bigger relatively, generally account for the over half of air-conditioning total energy consumption.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve traditional air conditioner ventilating system and can't take into account the problem of the good and conserve energy of indoor air quality simultaneously, a kind of air conditioner ventilation control method of urban underground space is provided.
Five kinds of operating conditions of air-conditioning of the present invention comprise:
Operating mode I, summer, the minimum fresh air air conditioning condition was opened air returning valve, and new wind is mixed into total wind with return air and enters the underground space after the processing of air-conditioning unit;
Operating mode II, whole fresh wind air-condition operating mode are closed air returning valve, and new wind enters the underground space after the air-conditioning unit is handled;
Operating mode III, transition season brand-new wind operating mode, close air returning valve, new wind directly enters the underground space;
Operating mode IV, primary retirn air ventilation operating mode are opened air returning valve, and new wind and return air are mixed into total wind and enter the underground space;
Operating mode V, winter air-conditioning operating mode are opened air returning valve, and new wind and return air are mixed into total wind and enter the underground space after the air-conditioning unit is handled;
Switch between every adjacent two operating modes, the control method of switching is:
Switch between operating mode I and the operating mode II: when indoor enthalpy during, work in operating mode I,, work in operating mode II when indoor enthalpy during greater than outdoor enthalpy less than outdoor enthalpy;
Switch between operating mode II and the operating mode III: total blast volume reaches the total blast volume upper limit of setting during operating mode III, and indoor temperature is transformed into operating mode II during also greater than the room temperature threshold value; If when the cold that 80% new wind of the total blast volume higher limit of setting provides surpasses the cold that the stylish wind of operating mode III provides, be transformed into operating mode III;
Switch between operating mode III and the operating mode IV: if when resh air requirement reaches the resh air requirement lower limit of setting, indoor temperature changes operating mode IV over to during still less than the receptible minimum of institute; When resh air requirement greater than the resh air requirement lower limit of setting 115% the time, change operating mode III over to;
Switch between operating mode IV and the operating mode V: if outdoor enthalpy is less than setting threshold H '
W5, and indoor temperature during receptible minimum, changes operating mode V less than institute over to; If outdoor enthalpy is greater than setting threshold H '
W5, change operating mode IV over to,
The resh air requirement control method of each operating mode is: indoor CO
2Concentration with reference to CO
2The departure of concentration is exported to resh air requirement PID adjuster and is regulated and export definite value A, the definite value A of output is through resh air requirement bound control module adjustment output definite value B, and guaranteeing that definite value B is positioned at the bound scope of the resh air requirement of setting, 10% amount of definite value B and total blast volume is got the maximum module through resh air requirement and is relatively exported the value of the maximum as resh air requirement;
The total blast volume control method of each operating mode is: the departure of indoor temperature and reference temperature is exported to total blast volume PID adjuster and is regulated and export definite value C, the definite value C of output is through total blast volume bound control module adjustment output definite value D, and guaranteeing that definite value D is positioned at the bound scope of the total blast volume of setting, definite value D and resh air requirement are got the maximum module through total blast volume and are relatively exported the value of the maximum as total blast volume.
Advantage of the present invention is: make system be divided into five kinds of operating modes according to out door climatic parameter, and make system change operating mode automatically according to the change of out door climatic parameter, guarantee optimum condition all the time, carry out energy-conservation to the air-conditioning unit.For the market place builet below the ground, new system of the present invention is annual more energy-conservation 22.2% than constant air volume system, than conventional variable air volume system annual energy-conservation 17.5%; For the shield door subway platform, new system of the present invention is annual more energy-conservation 30.16% than constant air volume system, than the variable air volume system annual energy-conservation 8.21% of routine.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1-Fig. 5 is five kinds of operating mode schematic diagrames of operation of air conditioner, and Fig. 6 is underground space air conditioning condition subregion psychrometric chart, wherein N
1Be operating mode I indoor design condition point, W
1Be the outdoor state point of operating mode I, M
1Be operating mode I admixture point, S
1Be operating mode I ventilation state point, D is an operating mode I apparatus dew point; N
5Be operating mode V indoor design condition point, W
5Be the outdoor state point of operating mode V, W
5' be state point after the preheating of operating mode V outdoor air, M
5Be operating mode V admixture point, S
5Be operating mode V ventilation state point, L is an operating mode V apparatus dew point, and Fig. 7 is a resh air requirement control system schematic diagram of the present invention, and Fig. 8 is a total blast volume control system schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: below in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 6 present embodiment is described, five kinds of operating conditions of present embodiment air-conditioning comprise:
Operating mode I, summer, the minimum fresh air air conditioning condition was opened air returning valve, and new wind 3 is mixed into total wind 5 with return air 4 and enters the underground space 1 after air-conditioning unit 2 is handled;
Operating mode II, whole fresh wind air-condition operating mode are closed air returning valve, and new wind 3 enters the underground space 1 after air-conditioning unit 2 is handled;
Operating mode III, transition season brand-new wind operating mode, close air returning valve, new wind 3 directly enters the underground space 1;
Operating mode IV, primary retirn air ventilation operating mode are opened air returning valve, and new wind 3 is mixed into total wind 5 with return air 4 and enters the underground space 1;
Operating mode V, winter air-conditioning operating mode are opened air returning valve, and new wind 3 is mixed into total wind 5 with return air 4 and enters the underground space 1 after air-conditioning unit 2 is handled;
Switch between every adjacent two operating modes, the control method of switching is:
Switch between operating mode I and the operating mode II: when indoor enthalpy during, work in operating mode I,, work in operating mode II when indoor enthalpy during greater than outdoor enthalpy less than outdoor enthalpy;
Switch between operating mode II and the operating mode III: total blast volume 23 reaches the total blast volume upper limit of setting during operating mode III, and indoor temperature 21 is transformed into operating mode II during also greater than the room temperature threshold value; If when the cold that 80% new wind 3 of the total blast volume higher limit of setting provides surpasses the cold that the stylish wind 3 of operating mode III provides, be transformed into operating mode III;
The room temperature threshold value is chosen 26.5 ℃ in the present embodiment.
Switch between operating mode III and the operating mode IV: if when resh air requirement 13 reaches the resh air requirement lower limit of setting, indoor temperature 21 changes operating mode IV over to during still less than the receptible minimum of institute; When resh air requirement 13 greater than the resh air requirement lower limit of setting 115% the time, change operating mode III over to;
The receptible minimum of indoor temperature is chosen 19.5 ℃ in the present embodiment.
Switch between operating mode IV and the operating mode V: if outdoor enthalpy is less than setting threshold H '
W5, and indoor temperature 21 during receptible minimum, changes operating mode V less than institute over to; If outdoor enthalpy is greater than setting threshold H '
W5, change operating mode IV over to.
Operating mode V is the winter air-conditioning operating mode, and the enthalpy of outdoor new wind is too low, so outdoor new wind must preheating, from W
5State point is handled W shown in Figure 8
5' state point reaches W after the heating
5The enthalpy H ' of ' state point
W5Be decided to be setting threshold.
Fig. 8 tells five districts according to the comprehensive condition of the whole year, represents five kinds of operating modes, and has drawn out the enthalpy temperature figure of operating mode I and operating mode V.
The specific embodiment two: below in conjunction with Fig. 7, Fig. 8 present embodiment is described, the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is that the control method of the resh air requirement 13 of each operating mode is: indoor CO
2Concentration 11 with reference to CO
2The departure of concentration 12 is exported to resh air requirement PID adjuster 1-1 and is regulated and export definite value A, the definite value A of output adjusts output definite value B through resh air requirement bound control module 1-2, and guaranteeing that definite value B is positioned at the bound scope of the resh air requirement 13 of setting, 10% amount 1-3 of definite value B and total blast volume 23 gets maximum module 1-4 through resh air requirement and relatively exports the value of the maximum as resh air requirement 13;
DCV pattern (demand control air vent mode) is adopted in the control of resh air requirement 13 of the present invention, and the DCV pattern is a kind of real-time, and based on the draft type of space people's current density, there is huge energy-saving potential in the system of DCV air vent mode with respect to traditional constant air volume system.Its specific implementation form is exactly along with the space density of personnel changes, CO
2The variation that concentration is also relevant thereupon, the size of resh air requirement 13 can be made adjusting accordingly, makes resh air requirement 13 constantly adapt with density of personnel, has so just both guaranteed to have prevented excessive ventilation again by indoor air quality, has saved energy consumption.
Underground space internal contamination species is numerous, removes the CO that personnel discharge
2, also have gaseous contaminants such as formaldehyde that construction material distributes, VOC outward, the radioactive pollutants such as particle, microorganism and radon that enter by ground.Only consider CO
2Influence factor can not reflect the pollution situation of indoor environment and personnel demand to air quality comprehensively.Therefore introduced the basic resh air requirement Q of a system in the DCV pattern, the basic ventilation Q of this system just is used to handle the necessary resh air requirement of non-man body pollution thing, when handling CO
2Required resh air requirement keeps the basic resh air requirement Q of system to ventilate when handling the necessary resh air requirement of non-man body pollution thing, has so just guaranteed indoor air quality.
In the present embodiment with reference to CO
2Concentration 12 is chosen 1250ppm.
The bound setting principle of resh air requirement 13 is: on be limited to 1.2 times of the new blower fan nominal air delivery of system, be limited to the basic resh air requirement Q of system down.
The basic resh air requirement Q of system gets the resh air requirement that can dilute underground space radon, and concrete obtaining value method is as follows:
Suppose that the underground space is divided into n subregion, the basic resh air requirement q of each subregion is calculated by following formula:
Wherein: q is the basic resh air requirement of each subregion, m
3/ h;
M
iFor the unit interval is advanced radon rate, Bq/m
3H;
V is the volume of each subregion of the underground space, m
3
C (∞) is indoor stable radon concentration, Bq/m
3
C
0Be outdoor radon concentration, Bq/m
3
The basic resh air requirement Q of system is calculated by following formula:
Q＝q×n×(1.2～1.3)
Wherein: n is the number of partitions of the underground space;
1.2～1.3 adjustment coefficients for the empirical equation setting.
The control method of the total blast volume 23 of each operating mode is: indoor temperature 21 is exported to total blast volume PID adjuster 2-1 with the departure of reference temperature 22 and is regulated and export definite value C, the definite value C of output adjusts output definite value D through total blast volume bound control module 2-2, and guaranteeing that definite value D is positioned at the total blast volume bound scope of setting, definite value D and resh air requirement 13 are got maximum module 2-4 through total blast volume 23 and are relatively exported the value of the maximum as total blast volume 23;
Other control method is identical with embodiment one.
The size of total blast volume 23 equals the air-conditioning ventilating air quantity, so the adjustable range of the air-conditioning ventilating air quantity that system is selected is exactly the bound of total blast volume 23.
The specific embodiment three: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is provided with a buffering area when being between operating mode I and the operating mode II to switch, when running on operating mode I, when outdoor enthalpy less than the buffering area lower limit, then switch to operating mode II; When running on operating mode II, when outdoor enthalpy greater than the buffering area higher limit, then switch to operating mode I, other control method is identical with embodiment one.
Present embodiment is provided with the buffering area upper lower limit value and is respectively 62kJ/kg and 57kJ/kg, when operating in operating mode I, outdoor enthalpy is big relatively, as the season progresses, from summer when the autumn transition, outdoor enthalpy diminishes gradually, when outdoor enthalpy during less than 62kJ/kg, do not switch operating mode,, switch to operating mode II when outdoor enthalpy during less than 57kJ/kg;
On the contrary, when entering summer from spring, outdoor enthalpy increases gradually, when outdoor enthalpy increases to 57kJ/kg, does not switch operating mode, when outdoor enthalpy during greater than 62kJ/kg, switches to operating mode I.
It is approaching because of the indoor and outdoor enthalpy in season to have a common boundary in spring and autumn and summer, indoor enthalpy is understood frequent the generation greater than outdoor enthalpy and indoor enthalpy less than the situation of outdoor enthalpy, the present invention is provided with a buffering area when switching between operating mode I and operating mode II, operating mode just can not take place frequently to switch, the situation of frequent switch air returning valve helps prolonging life-span of air-conditioning draught fan.
Claims (2)
1, the air conditioner ventilation control method of urban underground space is characterized in that five kinds of operating conditions of air-conditioning comprise:
Operating mode I, summer, the minimum fresh air air conditioning condition was opened air returning valve, and new wind (3) is mixed into total wind (5) with return air (4) and enters the underground space (1) after air-conditioning unit (2) is handled;
Operating mode II, whole fresh wind air-condition operating mode are closed air returning valve, and new wind (3) enters the underground space (1) after air-conditioning unit (2) is handled;
Operating mode III, transition season brand-new wind operating mode, close air returning valve, new wind (3) directly enters the underground space (1);
Operating mode IV, primary retirn air ventilation operating mode are opened air returning valve, and new wind (3) is mixed into total wind (5) with return air (4) and enters the underground space (1);
Operating mode V, winter air-conditioning operating mode are opened air returning valve, and new wind (3) is mixed into total wind (5) with return air (4) and enters the underground space (1) after air-conditioning unit (2) is handled;
Switch between every adjacent two operating modes, the control method of switching is:
Switch between operating mode I and the operating mode II: when indoor enthalpy during, work in operating mode I,, work in operating mode II when indoor enthalpy during greater than outdoor enthalpy less than outdoor enthalpy;
Switch between operating mode II and the operating mode III: total blast volume during operating mode III (23) reaches the total blast volume upper limit of setting, and indoor temperature (21) is transformed into operating mode II during also greater than the room temperature threshold value; If when the cold that 80% new wind (3) of the total blast volume higher limit of setting provides surpasses the cold that the stylish wind of operating mode III (3) provides, be transformed into operating mode III;
Switch between operating mode III and the operating mode IV: if when resh air requirement (13) reaches the resh air requirement lower limit of setting, indoor temperature (21) changes operating mode IV over to during still less than the receptible minimum of institute; When resh air requirement (13) greater than the resh air requirement lower limit of setting 115% the time, change operating mode III over to;
Switch between operating mode IV and the operating mode V: if outdoor enthalpy is less than setting threshold H '
W5, and indoor temperature (21) during receptible minimum, changes operating mode V less than institute over to; If outdoor enthalpy is greater than setting threshold H '
W5, change operating mode IV over to,
The resh air requirement of each operating mode (13) control method is: indoor CO
2Concentration (11) with reference to CO
2The departure of concentration (12) is exported to resh air requirement PID adjuster (1-1) and is regulated and export definite value A, the definite value A of output adjusts output definite value B through resh air requirement bound control module (1-2), and guaranteeing that definite value B is positioned at the bound scope of the resh air requirement (13) of setting, 10% amount (1-3) of definite value B and total blast volume (23) is got maximum module (1-4) through resh air requirement and is relatively exported the value of the maximum as resh air requirement (13);
The total blast volume of each operating mode (23) control method is: indoor temperature (21) is exported to total blast volume PID adjuster (2-1) with the departure of reference temperature (22) and is regulated and export definite value C, the definite value C of output adjusts output definite value D through total blast volume bound control module (2-2), and guaranteeing that definite value D is positioned at the bound scope of the total blast volume (23) of setting, definite value D and resh air requirement (13) are got maximum module (2-4) through total blast volume (23) and are relatively exported the value of the maximum as total blast volume (23).
2, the air conditioner ventilation control method of urban underground space according to claim 1 is provided with a buffering area when it is characterized in that between operating mode I and the operating mode II switching, when running on operating mode I, when outdoor enthalpy less than the buffering area lower limit, then switch to operating mode II; When running on operating mode II, when outdoor enthalpy greater than the buffering area higher limit, then switch to operating mode I.
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| CN200810136988A CN100587352C (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2008-08-22 | Air conditioner ventilation control method for underground space of city |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810136988A CN100587352C (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2008-08-22 | Air conditioner ventilation control method for underground space of city |
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| CN100587352C true CN100587352C (en) | 2010-02-03 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108413585A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-08-17 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Underground building energy-saving optimization control system and method |
| CN110307615A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-10-08 | 浙江越芬科技有限公司 | Fresh air flow rate optimization method and unit pricing method |
| CN112344535A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-09 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Fresh air control method, computer device and computer readable storage medium |
| CN112797571B (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2022-03-04 | 科城爱高智慧能源科技(广州)有限公司 | Intelligent fresh air system and control method thereof |
| CN114877458A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-09 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Air conditioner ventilation purification system of underground substation |
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2008
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 机房空调系统全年节能性运行调节策略的研究. 石海军，吴杲，刘寅.制冷空调与电力机械，第26卷第105期. 2005 |
| 机房空调系统全年节能性运行调节策略的研究. 石海军，吴杲，刘寅.制冷空调与电力机械，第26卷第105期. 2005 * |
| 舒适性空调系统的全年运行调节. 徐立，刘亮球，丁继才，董文.浙江建筑，第22卷增刊卷. 2005 |
| 舒适性空调系统的全年运行调节. 徐立，刘亮球，丁继才，董文.浙江建筑，第22卷增刊卷. 2005 * |
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