CN100584580C - Nozzle device for extruding viscoelastic material - Google Patents

Nozzle device for extruding viscoelastic material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100584580C
CN100584580C CN200480012031A CN200480012031A CN100584580C CN 100584580 C CN100584580 C CN 100584580C CN 200480012031 A CN200480012031 A CN 200480012031A CN 200480012031 A CN200480012031 A CN 200480012031A CN 100584580 C CN100584580 C CN 100584580C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
spray nozzle
nozzle device
throughput direction
axial
passage
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN200480012031A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1798643A (en
Inventor
B·奥利弗
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Gebr RUEHLER AG
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Gebr RUEHLER AG
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
    • A21C—MACHINES OR EQUIPMENT FOR MAKING OR PROCESSING DOUGHS; HANDLING BAKED ARTICLES MADE FROM DOUGH
    • A21C11/00—Other machines for forming the dough into its final shape before cooking or baking
    • A21C11/16—Extruding machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/345—Extrusion nozzles comprising two or more adjacently arranged ports, for simultaneously extruding multiple strands, e.g. for pelletising
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/695—Flow dividers, e.g. breaker plates

Abstract

The invention relates to a die assembly (1) for forming extrudates of viscoelastic masses, e.g. polymers, dough masses etc., comprising several similar parallel die channels (2), each extending through the die assembly (1) in the axial transport direction (F) of the mass. According to the invention, the inlet zone is flared from an interior zone towards the inlet opening along a length LE and in a direction opposite to the axial transport direction (F). The flare angle of the flared inlet measured between the axial transport direction and the inner wall of the channel inlet zone ranges, at least in axial subsections, between 5 DEG and 45 DEG , especially between 8 DEG and 25 DEG .

Description

The spray nozzle device and the method that are used for the viscoelastic material
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of spray nozzle device and method that is used for the viscoelastic material.
Background technology
Be used for the viscoelastic material particularly the spray nozzle device itself of polymer, pastel etc. be known.Usually, it disposes the nozzle passage of a plurality of same form that are arranged parallel to each other, these passages pass nozzle and extend to outlet from inlet respectively, and each nozzle passage has an entrance area respectively along the axial throughput direction of material in the end of nozzle passage upstream side, and has an exit region in the end in the downstream of nozzle passage.Inlet can be set to adjacent mutually.
For example these materials are shaped when pastel, polymer being used for the viscoelastic material.But flowing of this forming requirements material.The above material also can be torn in some position.Because the elastic property of viscoelastic material also produces mechanical material stress when forming the crack when being shaped and in this viscoelastic material, this stress imports in the material that has been shaped.Then, this can cause further, visual spontaneous strain in the material that has been shaped after being shaped.Relatively, people are referred to as " shape memory " usually, because the material with its mechanical material stress that comes out from building mortion arouses " memory " previous shape and will be returned to the impression of this previous shape.Utilizing spray nozzle device to extrude in the process of (Strangbildung: form bar) pastel or polymer, this can cause the bar that comes out from each nozzle passage wrinkling.Material is distributed be separated into different nozzle passages on and on the other hand when material extends in nozzle passage, described stress is directed in the material.This because distribute and separately material and the stress that in material, produces because its asymmetry about formation bar may produce worst influence.Because a kind of asymmetrical wall friction also can appear in material stress and the bar trend that direction changes in nozzle passage that exists thus, this friction may strengthen this material stress in addition.In any case this bar that is formed by viscoelastic material forms above-mentioned wrinkling when spray nozzle device is discharged easily at it.
In addition, in by the process of viscoelastic material slivering, must expend much more relatively energy or high pressure reduction on spray nozzle device, so that material separately, material is assigned on the nozzle passage of shaping and last nozzle passage extrded material by being shaped, wherein material is stretched.In other words, the conventional spray nozzle device that is used to viscoelastic material is shaped has higher relatively nozzle resistance for this material.This is a problem especially to pastes, because be different from traditional polymer such as polyester or rubber, only there is limited possibility here, even reduce by the stress that makes its nozzle resistance and import in the material that raises of local at least temperature that mainly is only limited at material surface in spray nozzle device.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, this material stress in the viscoelastic material is minimized, and be used in that to extrude required energy consumption or required for this reason pressure reduction be that nozzle resistance reduces.
By the viscoelastic material that is used for of the present invention such as polymer, the spray nozzle device of pastel etc., this spray nozzle device has a plurality of being arranged in parallel, have mutually adjacent inlet, the nozzle passage of same form, described nozzle passage passes nozzle and extends to an outlet from an inlet, and, described nozzle passage passes nozzle along the axial throughput direction of material and has an entrance area in the nozzle passage upstream-side-end, has an interior zone in nozzle interior, and has an exit region in the end of downstream side of nozzle passage, it is characterized in that, upstream-side-end at nozzle body is provided with a partition wall that is parallel to axial throughput direction extension respectively between two adjacent inlets, this partition wall is designed to, make that be parallel to the partition wall that axial throughput direction extends fully surrounds in the zone of the entrance area upstream side setting of each described phase neighbor entry, the upstream-side-end of described partition wall is designed to a cutting edge respectively.
According to the present invention, this purpose reaches by following measure in the described spray nozzle device of beginning, the entrance area that is nozzle passage is expanded along length L E against axial throughput direction towards inlet in the zone internally, wherein enter the mouth the extension at the expanded-angle that records between the inwall of axial throughput direction and passage-entrance area at least in 5 ° to 45 ° scope, but preferred in 8 ° to 25 ° scope.
Even thus at material during by the high relatively transporting velocity of spray nozzle device, can realize a kind of " mild ", promptly for enough elongations slowly of viscoelastic material, thereby make slack time of viscoelastic material less than material in duration that inlet extends in the extension.
At this, especially simply be that the zone keeps constant to the expanded-angle of inlet internally, promptly has the inlet extension of taper on manufacturing technology.
Conform with the destination, design spray nozzle device in this wise, make nozzle passage have circular cross section along its whole length.Therefore have identical boundary condition on wall everywhere, this causes uniformly and the elongation of symmetry as far as possible.
A kind of compact structure mode of spray nozzle device is characterised in that, the axial length of passage-entrance area the nozzle passage total length 50% to 80% between.
The inwall of nozzle passage is made up of teflon or similar material in the subregion at least, so that reduce viscoelastic material in adhering to and reduce sliding friction on it on the inwall.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, between two adjacent inlets, be provided with one respectively in the upstream-side-end of nozzle body and be parallel to the partition wall that axial throughput direction F extends, this partition wall side end at its upstream has cutting edge.When viscoelastic material when for example polymeric material or pastes are flushed on the spray nozzle device of the present invention, therefore the product stream that flows through along throughput direction F in housing is divided into the multiply shunting, flow through respectively in a plurality of nozzle passages one of wherein per share shunting.By sharp cutting edge, flow to product stream on the spray nozzle device and be cut into the multiply shunting in it enters a plurality of nozzle passages the time.Because for each cutting edge of product is a very little acting surface, affacts partly on the viscoplasticity product of going out in very big power on the cutting edge.Thus, produce a shearing force concentration of local, that product is separated along cutting edge.But the viscoplasticity product that flows through cutting edge on the cutting edge by tear fracture before, it deforms until reaching fracture strength and extension at break, stores potential energy simultaneously in viscoelastic material, this potential energy continues to be delivered in the multiply shunting.But generally, by cutting edge with viscoelastic material separately and when being assigned on a plurality of nozzle passages the stress in the transfer material be significantly less than and do not having the stress that produces in the conventional spout of the sharp cutting edge device, thereby when the viscoelastic material that will flow through spray nozzle device of the present invention is divided into multiply and divides bar, the content of much less has reached in the deformation memory of viscoelastic material, significantly reduces the product bar thus and is inclined to (wrinkling etc.) in the distortion when nozzle passage flows out and significantly reduces nozzle resistance.This beneficial effect is obvious especially under the situation of pastel-spray nozzle device.
Preferably be parallel to the partition wall that axial throughput direction extends in the zone of the entrance area upstream side setting of each phase neighbor entry fully and surround, the upstream-side-end of this partition wall is designed to cutting edge respectively.The material place that why must separate in fact in office that enters in each nozzle passage is cut, and makes considerably less stress import in the material.
Cutting edge can constitute an angle that is different from 90 ° with respect to axial material throughput direction.For example cutting edge can extend with respect to the material throughput direction with tilting an about angle of 30 to 60 °.But acute angle preferably.Promptly the angle with respect to throughput direction is sharp keen more, the length L that the zone records along throughput direction sAlso just big more, the cutting process of material can upwards for example carry out from radially outer towards inner radial in the footpath perpendicular to throughput direction in this zone.For example at first cut in the zone in that inner radial flows of material then, and the cutting after the zone that inner radial flows of material.But, then eliminated its stress in the transfer material in shear history if having time in the zone of radially outer.Therefore, by this cutting process, import to the stress ratio its much smaller generally under the situation of the cutting edge that extends perpendicular to flow direction (simple " punch die "-principle) in the material that is assigned to nozzle passage.
Optimize port area from nozzle passage-interior zone towards Way out in length L AOn vertically throughput direction F expand bellly, the extended corner that records between the inwall of axial throughput direction and the passage-exit region throughput direction vertically that wherein preferably exports the extension continue to increase.Especially, the increase of expanded-angle can continue increase along axial throughput direction, and wherein, for example extended corner can increase to 90 ° of nozzle body end of downstream side from 0 ° of nozzle interior.At this, the extension can be a circular arc for example on sectional side elevation, its radius of curvature R ARadius R greater than nozzle passage-interior zone KThe exit region of crooked expansion is by the continuous transition towards a bending that favours vertical line tangent line that extend, be level under extreme case and replace the seamed edge of traditional outlet in the exit region end of downstream side from the vertical tangent line the nozzle passage interior zone.
When viscoelastic material when for example polymeric material or pastel etc. are run on the nozzle passage of spray nozzle device of the present invention, the product stream that is divided into the multiply shunting is extruded by a plurality of nozzle passages.In entering nozzle passage and when the entrance area internal shaping, stress appears in material.Then, in the process of cutting on cutting edge and/or in the process of extending in nozzle passage, the stress that produces in material and also relax virtually completely loosens in the outlet area of expansion.Thus, under this nozzle geometrical construction, in fact the product bar that multiply is little leave each nozzle passage unstressedly.The exit region of expansion can axially and diametrically realized lax (Rexalation) of product.Avoid the wrinkle (" sharkskin ") on the surface of the viscoplasticity product bar that flows out from nozzle passage thus.
In a special embodiment, the nozzle passage inwall in exit region in length L ROn vertically throughput direction have than all higher surface roughness of nozzle passage inwall remainder.Thus, just can influence the surface of product targetedly by the material of selecting roughness and/or rough region.
Under the situation of the spray nozzle device of stating in the use, being used for extruding the particularly method of polymer, pastel etc. of described viscoelastic material, by means of the upstream-side-end of spray nozzle device and the pressure differential deltap between the end of downstream side pViscoelastic material is pressed through spray nozzle device.Select pressure differential deltap in this wise according to the present invention at this p, make that viscoelastic material is along the flow velocity v of throughput direction F in the corresponding axially subregion of spray nozzle device FSatisfy v F＜L/T RELAXCondition, at least a portion of the required material deformation of bar that in described subregion, is used to be shaped, wherein T RELAXBe the slack time of viscoelastic material, and L (=L S, L E, L A) be the axial length of each axial subregion of spray nozzle device.
Guarantee thus, in being used to form each required forming step of bar, for example along length L SThe length L of the cutting of on cutting edge, carrying out, inlet extension, edge EElongation and along the outlet extension length L AFinal lax in, always leave the enough time that is used to relax to material, make material in fact no longer have stress when flowing out in that spray nozzle device of the present invention is terminal at it.
In order to utilize the axial subregion of aforesaid roughening best, make the flow velocity v of viscoelastic material in the methods of the invention along throughput direction F FLength L with the axial subregion of roughening of spray nozzle device RBe complementary the feasible v that satisfies condition in this wise F＞L R/ T RELAX, T wherein RELAXL slack time for viscoelastic material RAxial length for the subregion of roughening.Thus, aforesaid, can have at ground by the material of selecting roughness and/or roughened area influences product surface.
The axial length L of rough region RTherefore preferably less than the axial length L that exports the extension A, less than the axial length L of inlet extension EAnd axial length L less than cutting edge s
But advantageously, be provided with a plurality of rough region in succession on the big axial subregion of nozzle passage, v is satisfied in these zones F＞L R/ T RELAXCondition.Can influence wall by this way and adhere to the alternately gap (Wechselspiel) (adhering to/slide effect) of sliding with wall.Therefore, by periodically or pass through length L RCoarse axial walls section spatial frequency and cause wall tear fracture in (ausloesen) each chronomere targetedly more by flow velocity, i.e. adhering to/slide effect by alternately coarse relatively and relative smooth wall section " artificially " upper frequency of pressure.This advantage is, can not produce high material stress and tearing or even can not occur tearing seldom therefore occur on product.
Description of drawings
Other advantages of the present invention, feature and application possibility draw from the following explanation that is not understood to restrictive preferred embodiment by accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view along the spray nozzle device of the present invention of axial product throughput direction F;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view along the spray nozzle device of the present invention of Fig. 1 of product throughput direction F;
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view along the nozzle passage of the present invention of axial product throughput direction F;
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view along another nozzle passage of the present invention of axial product throughput direction F;
Fig. 5 is the cutaway view along the nozzle passage of the prior art of axial product throughput direction F;
Fig. 6 is the cutaway view along another nozzle passage of the prior art of axial product throughput direction F.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is a cutaway view that is in particular the spray nozzle device of the present invention 1 of the pastel design of producing noodles along axial product throughput direction F.Having altogether, the spray nozzle device 1 (referring to Fig. 2) of four nozzle passages 2 is placed in the columniform housing 7.Inlet 3 is positioned at the upstream-side-end of each nozzle passage 2, and exports 4 end of downstream side that are positioned at each nozzle passage 2.Each nozzle passage 2 in abutting connection with inlet 3 entrance area 2a taper ground expansion, and that exit region 2c is designed to is columniform.Expanded-angle α (referring to Fig. 3) is about 10-20 °.Upstream-side-end at spray nozzle device 1 has four partition walls 5 (referring to Fig. 2), and these walls are parallel to that axial throughput direction F extends and the zone of each 3 upstream that enter the mouth is divided into four subregions that lay respectively at inlet 3 upstreams.The seamed edge that points in contrast to axial throughput direction F of partition wall 5 is designed to the cutting edge 5a of extension respectively, and this cutting edge had both radially extended internally from the inwall of housing 7 and also extended along throughput direction F.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view along the spray nozzle device of the present invention of Fig. 1 of product throughput direction F (referring to Fig. 1).Have its four nozzle passages 2 of entrance area 2a of conical expansion and partition wall 5 that extends radially inwardly from cylindrical housings 7 respectively as can be seen, this partition wall is divided into four subregions with the zone of spray nozzle device 1 top.These four sharp cutting edge 5a extend in contrast to throughput direction F obliquely.
As schematically illustrating with mobile molded lines (Stroemungsprofile) V (r) among Fig. 1, present a kind of viscoelastic material is when for example polymeric material or pastel etc. flow on the spray nozzle device 1 of the present invention, the product stream that flows through along throughput direction F in housing 7 is divided into four stocks stream, and wherein one flows through one of four nozzle passages 2 respectively.The product stream that flows through spray nozzle device 1 just was cut into four stocks stream by sharp cutting edge before entering into four nozzle passages 2.Because every cutting edge 5a is very little acting surface in contrast to throughput direction F to product, so on cutting edge 5a, a very large power affacts on the viscoplasticity product that flows on the cutting edge 5a partly.Produce the shearing force of the partitioning products of a concentration of local along cutting edge 5a.But flow on the cutting edge 5a the viscoplasticity product on the cutting edge by tear fracture before, it deforms until reaching its fracture strength, simultaneously potential energy is stored in the viscoelastic material, and when this material enters into each nozzle passage 2, before described viscoelastic material took place to be shaped in four strands of products are shunted or is out of shape, described potential energy continued to be delivered to four stocks stream and upward and in this four stocks stream causes relaxing of part.Stress also appears in material in the time of here, in flowing into nozzle passage 2 and during the process of being out of shape in each entrance area 2a.But these stress are less than the stress on the cutting edge 5a and do not cause the product tear fracture.
Not with cutting edge and not different, the stress intensity that produces in and material that be shaped therein that carry through spray nozzle device of the present invention 1 and the flow resistance of spray nozzle device 1 are reduced with traditional by the design of the entrance area 2a of the cutting edge 5a of partition wall 5 of the present invention and nozzle passage 2 with the spray nozzle device of conical expansion portion with the about 10-20 of the present invention ° extended corner.
In spray nozzle device 1 of the present invention, mainly carry out in two steps by the distortion relevant of a big product rule to four a little product rule with producing material stress.In the first step, the big product rule is cut into four little itemizes on cutting edge 5a.In second step, four itemizes are then extended in the entrance area 2a of taper.The first step (cutting on the cutting edge 5a) afterwards immediately and also second step (elongation in entrance area 2a) before, material on the partition wall 5 when sliding, proceed to lax (stress is eliminated, and potential energy reduces) of small part at material.Then, when product extends, can produce material stress equally in the 2a of conical entrance zone, then in the 2c of the cylindrical outlet zone of adjacency, proceed to the lax of small part again.Thus, the viscoelastic material that is divided into four strands little product bar in fact just can leave the outlet 4 of nozzle passage 2 unstressedly, thereby significant deformation (for example wrinkling) does not take place on the product bar that four solations go out yet.Because owing to cutting edge, the tear fracture of product has appearred under much smaller product-shearing action, and the flow resistance of spray nozzle device 1 of the present invention also obviously reduces.
Therefore, spray nozzle device 1 of the present invention can realize having the operation of the pressure reduction littler with respect to the conventional spout device, promptly the direction along spray nozzle device 1 has littler pressure drop in product, and on the product itemize that flows out " elimination " shape memory virtually completely.
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view that vertically of product throughput direction F is in particular the nozzle passage of the present invention 2 of the pastel design that is used to produce noodles equally.This nozzle passage 2 can be used as the replacement that is used for nozzle passage shown in Fig. 12.Replace the cylindrical outlet zone 2c of nozzle passage 2 shown in Figure 1, at first connect a relatively short cylindrical inner region 2b here in the downstream of entrance area 2a, and then connect the exit region 2c of a bell expansion.This exit region 2c replaces the seamed edge (referring to Fig. 1) of outlet 4 by the crooked continuous transition region of the horizontal tangent from the vertical tangent line in the interior zone 2b of nozzle passage 2 to exit region 2c end of downstream side.The radius of curvature R of outlet extension AReduce continuously towards outlet 4, that is exist one to have towards the bell extension of outlet 4 curvature that progressively reduce.
As shown in Figure 1, when a kind of viscoelastic material when for example polymeric material or pastel etc. flow on the nozzle passage 2 of spray nozzle device 1 of the present invention, the product stream that is divided into four stocks stream is extruded by four nozzle passages 2 (referring to Fig. 1 and 2) now.In Fig. 1, when entering into nozzle passage 2 and when entrance area 2a is out of shape, also produce stress in the material here.At the first step (cutting on cutting edge 5a) and/or that in material, produce in second step (elongation in entrance area 2a) and not lax stress, in fact also fully lax in the exit region 2c of this expansion here.Even therefore under this nozzle geometry structure, in fact four little product bars leave nozzle passage 2 unstressedly.But the special advantage of exit region 2c of expansion is, its can realize product axially with the footpath make progress lax.The surface corrugated (" sharkskin/Haifischhaut ") to avoid the viscoplasticity product bar that flows out from nozzle passage 2 thus, as these ripples under the situation of the outlet 4 of sharp-pointed seamed edge on columniform exit region 2c (referring to Fig. 1) occur in fact always.
The axial length of the relaxation area shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, this axial length are basically by the axial length L s of cutting edge 5a and by the axial length L of exit region 2c AConstitute, and viscoelastic material is along the Peak Flow Rate V of product throughput direction F FPreferred in this wise with T slack time of product material RELAXBe complementary, make material when flowing through each relaxation area, have time enough, so that eliminate the stress that is before produced therein, i.e. V F* T RELAX＜L SOr V F* T RELAX＜L A
If in the spray nozzle device 1 of being furnished with cutting edge 5a, use the nozzle passage 2 that has conical entrance zone 2a and bell exit region 2c of Fig. 3, this can not only realize along spray nozzle device 1 in product littler pressure drop and in the itemize of the outflow of product " elimination " volume shape memory virtually completely, but also realize that the surface configuration on " eliminations " these product bars remembers.
Another advantage of the bell exit region 2c of nozzle passage is, it can realize carrying out the transition to " fluid " with constant speed profile that is positioned at outside the nozzle passage 2, i.e. Yun Dong bar gently from the fluid with parabolic velocity curve that is positioned at nozzle passage 2 inside.Therefore can prevent to form crackle from the surface of each bar of nozzle passage 2 outflows.
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view of same special another nozzle passage 2 of the present invention for the pastel design of producing noodles of vertically another of product throughput direction F.Nozzle passage 2 is expanded in abutting connection with the entrance area 2a of inlet 3 bellly, and exit region 2c then is designed to columniform.The radius of curvature R E of inlet-extension is minimum at inlet 3 places, and increases gradually along with the increase that enters the degree of depth along nozzle passage 2, so that the transition of tangent ground is columniform exit region 2c.
Be similar to bell exit region, the entrance area 2a of bell expansion also helps the shielded processing of product.By product protectorate in the entrance area 2a of bell expansion is quickened; the unexpected variation of the speed of avoiding great majority to cause in product, cracking, thus here also realize carrying out the transition to fluid gently with parabolic velocity curve in nozzle passage 2 inside from fluid with constant speed profile at nozzle passage 2 upstream sides.
Fig. 5 is the cutaway view of nozzle passage 2 of the prior art of product throughput direction F vertically.Nozzle passage is designed to have constant radius R from its inlet 3 to its outlet 4 KCylinder.
Fig. 6 is the cutaway view of another nozzle passage 2 of the prior art of product throughput direction F vertically.Entrance area 2a has with respect to the much bigger expanded-angle α of the present invention and also has and compares obviously shorter length L with the present invention E
List of numerals
1 spray nozzle device
2 nozzle passages
The entrance area of 2a nozzle passage
The interior zone of 2b nozzle passage
The exit region of 2c nozzle passage
The entrance of 3 nozzle passages
The outlet of 4 nozzle passages
5 partition walls
The 5a cutting edge
7 housings
The F throughput direction
L sThe axial length of cutting edge
L EThe axial length of inlet extension
L AThe axial length of outlet extension
R KThe radius of curvature of nozzle passage cross section
R EThe radius of curvature of inlet extension
R AThe radius of curvature of outlet extension
V FThe flow velocity of viscoelastic material
The α expanded-angle

Claims (21)

1. spray nozzle device that is used for the viscoelastic material, this spray nozzle device has a plurality of being arranged in parallel, have mutually adjacent inlet, the nozzle passage of same form, described nozzle passage passes nozzle and extends to an outlet from an inlet, and, described nozzle passage passes nozzle along the axial throughput direction of material and has an entrance area in the nozzle passage upstream-side-end, has an interior zone in nozzle interior, and has an exit region in the end of downstream side of nozzle passage, it is characterized in that, upstream-side-end at nozzle body is provided with a partition wall that is parallel to axial throughput direction (F) extension respectively between two adjacent inlets, this partition wall is designed to, make that be parallel to the partition wall that axial throughput direction extends fully surrounds in the zone of the entrance area upstream side setting of each described phase neighbor entry, the upstream-side-end of described partition wall is designed to a cutting edge respectively.
2. spray nozzle device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, entrance area is regional internally towards entering the mouth in contrast to axial throughput direction (F) along a length L EExpansion, wherein entrance area the expanded-angle that records between the inwall of axially throughput direction and passage-entrance area is in 5 ° to 45 ° scope at least in axial each subregion in.
3. spray nozzle device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described expanded-angle is in 8 ° to 25 ° the scope.
4. spray nozzle device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, entrance area is regional internally towards entering the mouth in contrast to axial throughput direction (F) along a length L EExpansion, zone to the expanded-angle of inlet is constant internally.
5. as the described spray nozzle device of one of claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that nozzle passage has circular cross section along its whole length.
6. spray nozzle device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the axial length in feeder connection zone the nozzle passage total length 50% to 80% between.
7. spray nozzle device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the inwall of nozzle passage is made of teflon at least in each subregion.
8. spray nozzle device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, cutting edge constitutes an angle that is different from 90 ° with respect to axial throughput direction (F).
9. spray nozzle device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, exit region from the nozzle passage interior zone towards the outlet in a length L AOn throughput direction (F) expansion vertically.
10. spray nozzle device as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, exit region is expanded towards outlet from the nozzle passage interior zone bellly.
11., it is characterized in that the expanded-angle that records of exit region throughput direction vertically continues to increase as claim 9 or 10 described spray nozzle devices between the inwall of axial throughput direction and passage-exit region.
12. spray nozzle device as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, the increase of expanded-angle continues to increase along axial throughput direction.
13. spray nozzle device as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, 0 ° 90 ° of being increased to nozzle body end of downstream side of expanded-angle from nozzle interior.
14. spray nozzle device as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, the extension is a circular arc on the vertical section.
15. spray nozzle device as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that, the radius of curvature R of the circular arc of extension ARadius R greater than the nozzle passage interior zone K
16. spray nozzle device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the nozzle passage inwall in exit region is in the axial length L of a rough region ROn vertically throughput direction have than the higher surface roughness of nozzle passage inwall remainder.
17. spray nozzle device as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, the axial length L of rough region RAxial length L less than outlet AAnd less than the axial length L that enters the mouth E
18. spray nozzle device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described viscoelastic material is polymer or pastel.
19. method that is used for viscoelastic material under using as the situation of the described spray nozzle device of one of claim 1 to 18, wherein, by means of upstream-side-end and the pressure differential deltap p between the end of downstream side spray nozzle device is passed in the viscoelastic material extruding at spray nozzle device, it is characterized in that, pressure differential deltap p selects in this wise, makes that viscoelastic material is along the flow velocity v of throughput direction (F) in the interior zone of nozzle passage FSatisfy v F＜L A/ T RELAXCondition, T wherein RELAXRelaxation time L for viscoelastic material AAxial length for the outlet extension.
20. method as claimed in claim 19 is characterized in that, viscoelastic material is along the flow velocity v of throughput direction F in the interior zone of nozzle passage FSatisfy v F＞L R/ T RELAXCondition, wherein, T RELAXL slack time for viscoelastic material RAxial length for rough region.
21. method as claimed in claim 19 is characterized in that, described viscoelastic material is polymer or pastel.
CN200480012031A 2003-05-05 2004-03-03 Nozzle device for extruding viscoelastic material Expired - Fee Related CN100584580C (en)

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DE10320075A DE10320075A1 (en) 2003-05-05 2003-05-05 Strand forming nozzle for viscoelastic materials (inlet widening)
DE10320075.4 2003-05-05

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