US2403476A - Extrusion apparatus - Google Patents
Extrusion apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2403476A US2403476A US54853644A US2403476A US 2403476 A US2403476 A US 2403476A US 54853644 A US54853644 A US 54853644A US 2403476 A US2403476 A US 2403476A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- extrusion
- spinneret
- die
- polymer
- spinning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
- D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
- D01D4/022—Processes or materials for the preparation of spinnerettes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
- B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
- B29C48/345—Extrusion nozzles comprising two or more adjacently arranged ports, for simultaneously extruding multiple strands, e.g. for pelletising
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/06—Rod-shaped
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S100/00—Presses
- Y10S100/903—Pelleters
- Y10S100/906—Reciprocating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S128/00—Surgery
- Y10S128/14—Polytetrafluoroethylene, i.e. PTFE
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S16/00—Miscellaneous hardware, e.g. bushing, carpet fastener, caster, door closer, panel hanger, attachable or adjunct handle, hinge, window sash balance
- Y10S16/27—Bearings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
- Y10S425/055—Polytetrafluoroethylene, i.e. PTFE
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
- Y10T428/31692—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
Definitions
- an extrusion apparatus comprising a die having a surface consisting essentially of a tetrafiuoroethylene polymer.
- Example VI A diameter disc of polytetrafiuoroethylene, thick and containing holes punched therein is employed for the spinning of viscose into an acid coagulating bath. Viscose does not adhere to the spinneret nor is there any corrosion of the spinneret by the viscose or the coagulating bath.
- a spinneret whose external face consists essentially of a tetrafluoroethylene polymer.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Description
July 9, 1946. *K[ BERRY ET AL EXTRUSION APPARATUS F iled Aug. 8, 1944 ATT 51 K913125112 1 5 INVENTORS I Joseph R-D0W12i1gg Patented July 9, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Ex'rnUsIoN APPARATUS Kenneth L. Berry, Hockessin, and Joseph R. Downing, Wilmington, Del., assignors to E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Wilmington, Del., a corporation of Delaware Application August 8, 1944, Serial No. 548,536
7 Claims.
cially designed extrusion die known as a spinneret,
the procedure in the latter case usually being referred to as "melt-spinning. The .present invention is also concerned with extrusion dies or spinnerets used in the solution spinning of fibers.
Diillculty has been experienced heretofore in the extrusion of thermosplastic resins because of adhesion of the hot resins to the extrusion die and, occasionally, because of die corrosion from small amounts of heat decomposition products from the resins. Occurrence of either of these results in operational difllculties and the production of products having a rough surface. Similar difliculties have been encountered inthe meltspinning of fibers where the sticking of resins in or around the spinning orifice prevents the easy initiation of spinning, or, during spinning, interrupts the operation. In the solution spinning of fibers, particularly into coagulating baths as in the case of viscose and proteins, formation of adherent precipitates in the spinning orifice and corrosion of spinnerets by coagulating baths have been major difllculties.
Attempts to solve the problems mentioned above have usually been in the direction of providing special alloys for die and spinneret construction. Corrosion problems have been lessened but the problem of fouling by sticking has not been alleviated and materials and fabrication costs have usually been increased. Further efforts to achieve an optimum balance of characteristics have involved the use of glass or the coating of metal extrusion dies and spinnerets with organic materials. These devices eliminated to some extent the use of noble metals but have not been generally applicable because of limitations imposed by solubility, form stability, adhesion, and/or heat resistance of the structural materials.
An object of the present invention is to provide extrusion dies, both of conventional design and of the spinneret type, for general use which are economically and readily manufactured by molding, stamping, machining, or punching; to which hot resins will not adhere; which are unaffected chemically or physically by any known resins, spinning dope, or coagulating medium; and which are useable over a wider temperature range than is commonly encountered in the commercial fabrication of organic plastic materials by extrusion through orifices. Other objects will be apparent from the description of the invention given hereinafter.
The above objects are accomplished according to the present invention by the use of an extrusion apparatus comprising a die having a surface consisting essentially of a tetrafiuoroethylene polymer.
The present invention resides partly in the discovery that tetrafluoro'ethylene polymer is peculiarly and unexpectedly adapted as the surface material of extrusion dies in that thermoplastic resins, melt-spinnable poLvmers, fiber-forming solutions, and the likedo not adhere to surfaces of this material nor do they corrode such surfaces. Further, tetrafluoroethylene polymer is sufilciently form-stable and heat resistant to be well suited for the purpose. The dies may be .made of metal as has beenccnventional heretofore, and coated with a tetrafluoroethylene polymer or the die may be made entirely of the polymer. When a metal die is coated, it is only necessary to coat those surfaces which will come in contact with the material being extruded and, in
the case of spinnerets used in melt-spinning processes, it is suflicient if merely the external surface of the spinneret is coated.
Referring to the drawing forming a part of the present specification and illustrating preferred embodiments of the present invention:
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the delivery end of a more or less conventionally designed extrusion apparatus in which certain surfaces of the extrusion die are coated with tetrafluoroethylene polymer;
Fig. 2 is a similar section of a slightly different extrusion apparatus in which the extrusion die is made wholly of tetrafiuoroethylene polymer; Fig. 3 is a section of the delivery end of a meltspinning extrusion apparatus in which one surface of the spinneret is coated with tetrafluoroethylene polymer; and
Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 in which the spinneret is made. wholly of tetrafluoroethylene polymer.
Referring to Fig. 1, the reference numeral 1 indicates generally the delivery end of a more or less conventional extrusion apparatus provided with the chamber 2 for a heat transfer liquid whereby the plastic 3 may be'maintained in a 3 highly plastic or fluid condition .up to the extrusion die. The extrusion die 4, usually made of steel, is provided with a coating 5 of tetrafluoroethylene polymer over those surfaces which may be exposed to the plastic to be extruded therethrough.
The method of applying the coating 5 to the extrusion die 4 may vary considerably although it is preferred to dip the extrusion die in the molten polymer. The thickness of the coating is not critical inasmuch as merely rubbing thoroughlyv the metal surface to be coated is quite eil'ective, the coating resulting from this treatment clearly being only microscopic in. thickness and not necessarily even in the form of a continuous film. Generally, a coating of appreciable thickness will be employed since it is more durable.
In Fig. 2, the delivery end I of the extrusion apparatus is as shown in Fig. 1 but the extrusion orifice 1 in this case is a solid block of tetrafluoroethylene polymer machined to proper size and held in place by the bolts 8 and the annular ring 9.
Fig. 3 shows the delivery end III of a conventional melt-spinning extrusion apparatus having a metal spinneret I I which is provided with the coating I! On the delivery side of the spinneret. In this modification the molten polymer l3 does contact the metal surface of the spinneret but it has been found that, if the external face of the spinneret is coated with the tetrafluoroethylene polymer, this is sufficient to stop effectively the accumulation of polymer on the external surface and eliminate the frequent interruptions heretofore encountered in melt-spinning operations due to this cause.
Fig. 4 shows the delivery end ill of an extrusion apparatus similar to that shown in Fig. 3 except that the spinneret i6 is made from a solid block of tetrafluoroethylene polymer machined to the required dimensions.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
v Example .I
Polyethylene is heated andextruded through aconventional extrusion die. Frequent adhesion of the hot resin to the die surface imparts a rough surface to the extruded object. The conventional die is then replaced with a die lined with polytetrafluoroethylene having the same finished dimensions. An identical polyethylene lot is extruded under the same conditions as formerly. There is no adhesion of the polyethylene to the die and the extruded shape is characterized by an exceptionally smooth surface.
4 Example II A block of polytetrafluoroethylene is machined to the-same dimensions as the conventional extrusion die of Example I and is used in a similar polyethylene extrusion. There is no adhesion of the polyethylene to the die and as a result the extruded object has a smooth surface.
Example III The extrusion die of Example II is employed in the extrusion of a cellulose acetate composition. The operation is characterized by a complete lack of adhesion.
Example IV stopping the pumping, spinning is resumed immediately on discontinuing the interference. This spinneret is cleaned by immersion in concentrated nitric acid without affecting the polytetrailuoroethylene coating or its bond to the metal. It was discovered also that the polymer to metal bond is not impaired by the molten nylon or the high temperature encountered.
As a control, the same type of nylon is spun under similar conditions through a conventional stainless steel spinneret. At frequent intervals, the spinning, molten filament touches the external face of the spinneret and the melt accumulates and drips, This accumulation is wiped away mechanically but a residue is left which aids the repetition of the drip. After several such interruptions of spinning continuity it is necessary to shut down the operation toclean the spinneret by chemical means.
Example V The external face of a stainless steel nylon spinneret is rubbed vigorously with a piece of,
Example VI A diameter disc of polytetrafiuoroethylene, thick and containing holes punched therein is employed for the spinning of viscose into an acid coagulating bath. Viscose does not adhere to the spinneret nor is there any corrosion of the spinneret by the viscose or the coagulating bath.
Example VII A platinum alloy spinneret is coated with a tetrafluoroethylene/ethylene interpolymer containing 79% tetrafluoroethylene by dipping the spinneret in a 20% dispersion of microscopic particles of the polymer in diisobutyl adipate, baking the spinneret at 360 C. for four minutes, and quenching in water. The coating and its bond t ethylene polymer.
the metal is unaffected .by exposure to hot concentrated aqueous alkali or acid.
As indicated previously, dies and spinnerets of this invention can be constructed wholly or partially of a tetrafluoroethylene polymer with the relative amounts of construction materials varying widely. The only important condition is that certain surfaces, as described, be tetrafluoroethylene polymer. Where coatings of this material are employed, they may vary widely in thickness from the microscopic amount applied when the metal surfaces are rubbed with polymer, to coatings of considerable thickness applied by melt. The effects achieved by merely rubbing the metal surface with the polymer are surprising in view of the extremely minute amount of material deposited and the fact that the deposit is not necessarily in the form of a continuous film The tetrafluoroethylene polymer may range in grade from low molecular weight, hard, waxy, high melting materials to the highest molecular weight, film-forming polymer. The preparation and properties of suitable polymers are disclosed in Plunkett U. S. Patent 2,230,654.
Although pure tetrafluoroethylene polymers are preferred in the practice of this invention, material modified as it is for other applications can be used. The polymers can be mixed with other substances in various amounts. are finely divided non-metallic elements such as carbon; inorganic compounds such as silica, fluorspar, mica, and fuller's earth; mineral fibers such as glass and asbestos; and metal flakes, granules, and strands. Resistance heating wires can be embedded directly in the tetrafluoro- The polymer may be pure polytetrafiuoroethylene or a copolymer prepared by copolymerization of tetrafluoroethylene with small amounts of another polymerizable organic compound, such as ethylene.
An advantage of the present invention is that it provides a novel extrusion die which is relatively simple and economical to make and yet it overcome the constant difliculty heretofore en- Suitable fillers countered due to adherence of the materia passing through the extrusion die to the die. A further advantage is that the tetrafluoroethylene polymer surface of the extrusion dies of this invention are not corroded by heat decomposition products of the resins being extruded and, furthermore, they possess to a satisfactory degree the properties of form-stability, adhesion to metals, and heat resistance. A particular advantage of the invention is that it provides an improved spinneret through which resins, spinning dope, and the like may be forced without difliculty in the initiation of the spinning or interruption in the spinning operation due to accumulations of the resin or the like on the external surface of the spinneret.
As-many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments thereof except as defined in the appended claims.
We claim:
1. An extrusion die having a surface to be contacted by the material to be extruded, consisting essentially of a tetrafluoroethylene polymer.
2. An extrusion die having all the surfaces to be contacted .by the material to be extruded, consisting essentially of a tetrafluoroethylene polymer.
3. An extrusion die consisting essentially of a tetrafluoroethylene polymer.
4. A metal extrusion die having all the surfaces to be contacted by the material to be extruded, coated with a tetrafluoroethylene polymer.
5. A spinneret whose external face consists essentially of a tetrafluoroethylene polymer.
6. A metal spinneret whose external face is coated with a tetrafluoroethylene polymer.
7. A spinneret consisting essentially of a tetrafluoroethylene polymer.
KENNETH L. BERRY. JOSEPH R. DOWNING.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US54853644 US2403476A (en) | 1944-08-08 | 1944-08-08 | Extrusion apparatus |
GB2031545A GB597006A (en) | 1944-08-08 | 1945-08-08 | New and improved extrusion apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US54853644 US2403476A (en) | 1944-08-08 | 1944-08-08 | Extrusion apparatus |
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US2403476A true US2403476A (en) | 1946-07-09 |
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US54853644 Expired - Lifetime US2403476A (en) | 1944-08-08 | 1944-08-08 | Extrusion apparatus |
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GB (1) | GB597006A (en) |
Cited By (68)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2488446A (en) * | 1945-12-12 | 1949-11-15 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Polytetrafluoroethylene casting mold |
US2514189A (en) * | 1946-11-16 | 1950-07-04 | Method and apparatus for making | |
US2552027A (en) * | 1948-01-17 | 1951-05-08 | American Cyanamid Co | Casting gelatin tablets |
US2586046A (en) * | 1949-01-28 | 1952-02-19 | William C Huebner | Filament forming apparatus |
US2604662A (en) * | 1949-08-02 | 1952-07-29 | Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc | Extrusion of inorganic oxide hydrogels |
US2655876A (en) * | 1950-08-21 | 1953-10-20 | Stickelber & Sons Inc | Loaf molding machine |
US2699737A (en) * | 1947-12-23 | 1955-01-18 | Stickelber & Sons Inc | Dough sheeting apparatus |
US2713698A (en) * | 1951-06-28 | 1955-07-26 | Du Pont | Wet polymer extruder |
US2715879A (en) * | 1950-05-23 | 1955-08-23 | Wallace & Tiernan Inc | Trifluorochloroethylene surfaced sheeting roller |
US2719073A (en) * | 1951-11-30 | 1955-09-27 | Du Pont | Melt spinning process |
US2729538A (en) * | 1951-11-30 | 1956-01-03 | Du Pont | Prevention of nylon gel formation |
US2736057A (en) * | 1952-05-19 | 1956-02-28 | Equipment for making elongated shapes from polyamides | |
US2747222A (en) * | 1951-06-11 | 1956-05-29 | Polymer Corp | Production of nylon rod |
US2770836A (en) * | 1953-06-10 | 1956-11-20 | Monsanto Chemicals | Pressure head for extruders |
US2783719A (en) * | 1949-03-28 | 1957-03-05 | Capitol Prod Corp | Dough sheeting roll |
US2794212A (en) * | 1954-08-19 | 1957-06-04 | Kon Kure Company | Material treating system and apparatus |
US2799045A (en) * | 1954-05-12 | 1957-07-16 | Continental Can Co | Multiple tube extrusion machine for forming cork rods |
US2819209A (en) * | 1952-11-15 | 1958-01-07 | Pall | Porous articles of fluoroethylene polymers and process of making the same |
US2820252A (en) * | 1954-10-18 | 1958-01-21 | Polymer Corp | Method of extrusion |
US2905110A (en) * | 1957-02-08 | 1959-09-22 | Harry H Bundschuh | Raised doughnut making machine |
US2937406A (en) * | 1959-03-20 | 1960-05-24 | Goodyear Tire & Rubber | Fluid pressure core |
US2939332A (en) * | 1955-05-31 | 1960-06-07 | Rca Corp | Mechanical movement |
US2972780A (en) * | 1957-05-17 | 1961-02-28 | Cabot Corp | Process for extrusion and continuous cure of polymeric compositions |
US2983233A (en) * | 1958-11-14 | 1961-05-09 | Chace D Gilmore | Cutter sleeves for doughnut making machines |
US2994286A (en) * | 1958-07-29 | 1961-08-01 | Jr Joseph Mussari | Adjustable patty mold |
US3008434A (en) * | 1960-02-03 | 1961-11-14 | Maldari And Sons Inc D | Macaroni die |
US3015843A (en) * | 1956-02-01 | 1962-01-09 | Anchor Hocking Glass Corp | Apparatus for making composite articles |
US3023122A (en) * | 1958-12-18 | 1962-02-27 | Pataky Maria V De | Method of forming decorative bodies |
US3060500A (en) * | 1959-09-01 | 1962-10-30 | Du Pont | Composite spinneret plate unit |
US3090074A (en) * | 1959-09-16 | 1963-05-21 | Du Pont Canada | Melt spinning apparatus |
US3095607A (en) * | 1962-07-10 | 1963-07-02 | Du Pont | Spinneret assembly |
US3134832A (en) * | 1962-02-16 | 1964-05-26 | Dow Corning | Method for producing extruded articles |
US3238865A (en) * | 1963-09-19 | 1966-03-08 | Aquila D Mast | Apparatus for pelletizing particulate material |
US3248758A (en) * | 1964-05-15 | 1966-05-03 | Gen Electric | Mold for the manufacture of polyurethane foam articles |
US3263273A (en) * | 1961-04-07 | 1966-08-02 | Blendax Werke Schneider Co | Arrangement of hinged molds for wax-like solids |
US3299003A (en) * | 1963-10-18 | 1967-01-17 | Degussa | Process for the continuous polymerization of lower cyclic formaldehyde polymers |
US3349432A (en) * | 1965-09-03 | 1967-10-31 | Rubbermaid Inc | Continuous mixing machines |
US3352229A (en) * | 1965-09-07 | 1967-11-14 | George W Morse | Hay wafer and method and apparatus for manufacture |
US3357047A (en) * | 1965-08-20 | 1967-12-12 | Sachsisches Kunstseidenwerk Si | Nozzle for spinning fibers and method of making such nozzles |
US3364524A (en) * | 1965-08-25 | 1968-01-23 | Continental Can Co | Cooling plug for continuously extruded hot tubular plastic material |
US3372218A (en) * | 1964-09-30 | 1968-03-05 | Du Pont | Melt-spinning polyester filaments |
US3415206A (en) * | 1965-03-31 | 1968-12-10 | Reisman Howard | Pretzel forming |
US3424079A (en) * | 1964-12-07 | 1969-01-28 | Charles Francois Botha | Pelleting machine |
US3446884A (en) * | 1966-04-22 | 1969-05-27 | Canadian Ind | Extrusion process and apparatus for producing a thermoplastic pipe having a glossy surface |
US3447486A (en) * | 1965-12-14 | 1969-06-03 | Dreibholz & Co Ltd | Pellet machine die |
US3461500A (en) * | 1967-03-02 | 1969-08-19 | Fmc Corp | Extrusion apparatus |
US3942937A (en) * | 1974-05-16 | 1976-03-09 | General Electric Company | Method of providing durable, slick sliding surfaces on extrusion forming apparatus, and the product thereof |
US4072459A (en) * | 1975-04-19 | 1978-02-07 | Werner & Pfleiderer | Nozzle for a granulating device for granulating synthetic plastics material |
US4217322A (en) * | 1977-07-14 | 1980-08-12 | Kobe Steel, Limited | Process for extruding synthetic resin and die for use therein |
US4264294A (en) * | 1979-01-08 | 1981-04-28 | Ruiz Oscar F | Profiling die |
WO1981002996A1 (en) * | 1980-04-23 | 1981-10-29 | O Ruiz | Profiling die |
US4324748A (en) * | 1978-07-28 | 1982-04-13 | Japan Styrene Paper Corporation | Process and apparatus for extruding plastic foams through a fluorocarbon lined die shaping means having extended wear characteristics |
EP0078515A1 (en) * | 1981-10-29 | 1983-05-11 | Union Carbide Corporation | Method for extrusion of linear polyolefin materials |
US4758398A (en) * | 1986-10-07 | 1988-07-19 | The Dexter Corporation | Method of manufacture preforms |
WO1988009716A1 (en) * | 1987-06-03 | 1988-12-15 | Müanyagipari Kutató Intézet | Process and tool to facilitate processing of thermoplastic polymers |
US5008056A (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1991-04-16 | Union Carbide Chemicals And Plastics Technology Corporation | Reduction in die drool in filled resins and product improvement |
US5281381A (en) * | 1992-11-04 | 1994-01-25 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method for extruding polyolefins containing vinylidene chloride polymers |
US5507991A (en) * | 1994-10-18 | 1996-04-16 | Mudd; John R. | Extrusion method for producing FD&C dyes |
WO2004076151A2 (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-10 | Koulikov Kulikov Oleg | Process and an extrusion die for eliminating surface melt fracture during extrusion of thermoplastic polymers |
DE10320075A1 (en) * | 2003-05-05 | 2004-12-02 | Bühler AG | Strand forming nozzle for viscoelastic materials (inlet widening) |
DE10320073A1 (en) * | 2003-05-05 | 2004-12-02 | Bühler AG | Strand forming nozzle for viscoelastic materials (outlet widening) |
US20060210666A1 (en) * | 2003-03-12 | 2006-09-21 | Boris Ouriev | Die for forming extrudates of viscoelastic materials |
US20080095874A1 (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2008-04-24 | Brigitte Diekhaus | Device for extruding hollow strands |
US20080128068A1 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2008-06-05 | Demak S.R.L. | Method for Producing Decorative Elements, Particularly Insignia |
US20100003360A1 (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2010-01-07 | Buehler Ag | Device and method for the extrusion of viscoelastic materials |
US20110042380A1 (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-02-24 | Andy Haishung Tsou | Process for Making Thermoplastic Polymer Pellets |
US20160001484A1 (en) * | 2013-02-21 | 2016-01-07 | Heinrich Dohmann | Device for producing plastic pipes |
WO2024125894A1 (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2024-06-20 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Die assembly for solid state extrusion of polyolefin materials |
-
1944
- 1944-08-08 US US54853644 patent/US2403476A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1945
- 1945-08-08 GB GB2031545A patent/GB597006A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (72)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2488446A (en) * | 1945-12-12 | 1949-11-15 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Polytetrafluoroethylene casting mold |
US2514189A (en) * | 1946-11-16 | 1950-07-04 | Method and apparatus for making | |
US2699737A (en) * | 1947-12-23 | 1955-01-18 | Stickelber & Sons Inc | Dough sheeting apparatus |
US2552027A (en) * | 1948-01-17 | 1951-05-08 | American Cyanamid Co | Casting gelatin tablets |
US2586046A (en) * | 1949-01-28 | 1952-02-19 | William C Huebner | Filament forming apparatus |
US2783719A (en) * | 1949-03-28 | 1957-03-05 | Capitol Prod Corp | Dough sheeting roll |
US2604662A (en) * | 1949-08-02 | 1952-07-29 | Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc | Extrusion of inorganic oxide hydrogels |
US2715879A (en) * | 1950-05-23 | 1955-08-23 | Wallace & Tiernan Inc | Trifluorochloroethylene surfaced sheeting roller |
US2655876A (en) * | 1950-08-21 | 1953-10-20 | Stickelber & Sons Inc | Loaf molding machine |
US2747222A (en) * | 1951-06-11 | 1956-05-29 | Polymer Corp | Production of nylon rod |
US2713698A (en) * | 1951-06-28 | 1955-07-26 | Du Pont | Wet polymer extruder |
US2729538A (en) * | 1951-11-30 | 1956-01-03 | Du Pont | Prevention of nylon gel formation |
US2719073A (en) * | 1951-11-30 | 1955-09-27 | Du Pont | Melt spinning process |
US2736057A (en) * | 1952-05-19 | 1956-02-28 | Equipment for making elongated shapes from polyamides | |
US2819209A (en) * | 1952-11-15 | 1958-01-07 | Pall | Porous articles of fluoroethylene polymers and process of making the same |
US2770836A (en) * | 1953-06-10 | 1956-11-20 | Monsanto Chemicals | Pressure head for extruders |
US2799045A (en) * | 1954-05-12 | 1957-07-16 | Continental Can Co | Multiple tube extrusion machine for forming cork rods |
US2794212A (en) * | 1954-08-19 | 1957-06-04 | Kon Kure Company | Material treating system and apparatus |
US2820252A (en) * | 1954-10-18 | 1958-01-21 | Polymer Corp | Method of extrusion |
US2939332A (en) * | 1955-05-31 | 1960-06-07 | Rca Corp | Mechanical movement |
US3015843A (en) * | 1956-02-01 | 1962-01-09 | Anchor Hocking Glass Corp | Apparatus for making composite articles |
US2905110A (en) * | 1957-02-08 | 1959-09-22 | Harry H Bundschuh | Raised doughnut making machine |
US2972780A (en) * | 1957-05-17 | 1961-02-28 | Cabot Corp | Process for extrusion and continuous cure of polymeric compositions |
US2994286A (en) * | 1958-07-29 | 1961-08-01 | Jr Joseph Mussari | Adjustable patty mold |
US2983233A (en) * | 1958-11-14 | 1961-05-09 | Chace D Gilmore | Cutter sleeves for doughnut making machines |
US3023122A (en) * | 1958-12-18 | 1962-02-27 | Pataky Maria V De | Method of forming decorative bodies |
US2937406A (en) * | 1959-03-20 | 1960-05-24 | Goodyear Tire & Rubber | Fluid pressure core |
US3060500A (en) * | 1959-09-01 | 1962-10-30 | Du Pont | Composite spinneret plate unit |
US3090074A (en) * | 1959-09-16 | 1963-05-21 | Du Pont Canada | Melt spinning apparatus |
US3008434A (en) * | 1960-02-03 | 1961-11-14 | Maldari And Sons Inc D | Macaroni die |
US3263273A (en) * | 1961-04-07 | 1966-08-02 | Blendax Werke Schneider Co | Arrangement of hinged molds for wax-like solids |
US3134832A (en) * | 1962-02-16 | 1964-05-26 | Dow Corning | Method for producing extruded articles |
US3095607A (en) * | 1962-07-10 | 1963-07-02 | Du Pont | Spinneret assembly |
US3238865A (en) * | 1963-09-19 | 1966-03-08 | Aquila D Mast | Apparatus for pelletizing particulate material |
US3299003A (en) * | 1963-10-18 | 1967-01-17 | Degussa | Process for the continuous polymerization of lower cyclic formaldehyde polymers |
US3248758A (en) * | 1964-05-15 | 1966-05-03 | Gen Electric | Mold for the manufacture of polyurethane foam articles |
US3372218A (en) * | 1964-09-30 | 1968-03-05 | Du Pont | Melt-spinning polyester filaments |
US3424079A (en) * | 1964-12-07 | 1969-01-28 | Charles Francois Botha | Pelleting machine |
US3415206A (en) * | 1965-03-31 | 1968-12-10 | Reisman Howard | Pretzel forming |
US3357047A (en) * | 1965-08-20 | 1967-12-12 | Sachsisches Kunstseidenwerk Si | Nozzle for spinning fibers and method of making such nozzles |
US3364524A (en) * | 1965-08-25 | 1968-01-23 | Continental Can Co | Cooling plug for continuously extruded hot tubular plastic material |
US3349432A (en) * | 1965-09-03 | 1967-10-31 | Rubbermaid Inc | Continuous mixing machines |
US3352229A (en) * | 1965-09-07 | 1967-11-14 | George W Morse | Hay wafer and method and apparatus for manufacture |
US3447486A (en) * | 1965-12-14 | 1969-06-03 | Dreibholz & Co Ltd | Pellet machine die |
US3446884A (en) * | 1966-04-22 | 1969-05-27 | Canadian Ind | Extrusion process and apparatus for producing a thermoplastic pipe having a glossy surface |
US3461500A (en) * | 1967-03-02 | 1969-08-19 | Fmc Corp | Extrusion apparatus |
US3942937A (en) * | 1974-05-16 | 1976-03-09 | General Electric Company | Method of providing durable, slick sliding surfaces on extrusion forming apparatus, and the product thereof |
US4072459A (en) * | 1975-04-19 | 1978-02-07 | Werner & Pfleiderer | Nozzle for a granulating device for granulating synthetic plastics material |
US4217322A (en) * | 1977-07-14 | 1980-08-12 | Kobe Steel, Limited | Process for extruding synthetic resin and die for use therein |
US4324748A (en) * | 1978-07-28 | 1982-04-13 | Japan Styrene Paper Corporation | Process and apparatus for extruding plastic foams through a fluorocarbon lined die shaping means having extended wear characteristics |
US4264294A (en) * | 1979-01-08 | 1981-04-28 | Ruiz Oscar F | Profiling die |
WO1981002996A1 (en) * | 1980-04-23 | 1981-10-29 | O Ruiz | Profiling die |
EP0078515A1 (en) * | 1981-10-29 | 1983-05-11 | Union Carbide Corporation | Method for extrusion of linear polyolefin materials |
US4758398A (en) * | 1986-10-07 | 1988-07-19 | The Dexter Corporation | Method of manufacture preforms |
WO1988009716A1 (en) * | 1987-06-03 | 1988-12-15 | Müanyagipari Kutató Intézet | Process and tool to facilitate processing of thermoplastic polymers |
US5008056A (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1991-04-16 | Union Carbide Chemicals And Plastics Technology Corporation | Reduction in die drool in filled resins and product improvement |
US5281381A (en) * | 1992-11-04 | 1994-01-25 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method for extruding polyolefins containing vinylidene chloride polymers |
US5507991A (en) * | 1994-10-18 | 1996-04-16 | Mudd; John R. | Extrusion method for producing FD&C dyes |
WO2004076151A2 (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-10 | Koulikov Kulikov Oleg | Process and an extrusion die for eliminating surface melt fracture during extrusion of thermoplastic polymers |
WO2004076151A3 (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2005-01-27 | Kulikov Oleg Koulikov | Process and an extrusion die for eliminating surface melt fracture during extrusion of thermoplastic polymers |
US20060210666A1 (en) * | 2003-03-12 | 2006-09-21 | Boris Ouriev | Die for forming extrudates of viscoelastic materials |
US7866973B2 (en) * | 2003-03-12 | 2011-01-11 | Buhler Ag | Die for forming extrudates of viscoelastic materials |
DE10320073A1 (en) * | 2003-05-05 | 2004-12-02 | Bühler AG | Strand forming nozzle for viscoelastic materials (outlet widening) |
DE10320075A1 (en) * | 2003-05-05 | 2004-12-02 | Bühler AG | Strand forming nozzle for viscoelastic materials (inlet widening) |
US20080128068A1 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2008-06-05 | Demak S.R.L. | Method for Producing Decorative Elements, Particularly Insignia |
US20100003360A1 (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2010-01-07 | Buehler Ag | Device and method for the extrusion of viscoelastic materials |
US20080095874A1 (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2008-04-24 | Brigitte Diekhaus | Device for extruding hollow strands |
US20110042380A1 (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-02-24 | Andy Haishung Tsou | Process for Making Thermoplastic Polymer Pellets |
US8709315B2 (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2014-04-29 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for making thermoplastic polymer pellets |
US20160001484A1 (en) * | 2013-02-21 | 2016-01-07 | Heinrich Dohmann | Device for producing plastic pipes |
US10773442B2 (en) * | 2013-02-21 | 2020-09-15 | Battenfeld-Cincinnati Germany Gmbh | Device for producing plastic pipes |
WO2024125894A1 (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2024-06-20 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Die assembly for solid state extrusion of polyolefin materials |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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GB597006A (en) | 1948-01-15 |
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