CN100578160C - Doppler-type ultrasonic flowmeter and ultrasonic flowmeter measuring method - Google Patents

Doppler-type ultrasonic flowmeter and ultrasonic flowmeter measuring method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100578160C
CN100578160C CN200710126498A CN200710126498A CN100578160C CN 100578160 C CN100578160 C CN 100578160C CN 200710126498 A CN200710126498 A CN 200710126498A CN 200710126498 A CN200710126498 A CN 200710126498A CN 100578160 C CN100578160 C CN 100578160C
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velocity
flow
flow profile
instrumentation
velocity flow
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CN101093171A (en
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武田靖
森治嗣
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Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc
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Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc
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Abstract

To provide technique as to a Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter allowing more precise flow measurement even when a measured value of a flow velocity distribution is dispersed. This flowmeter is provided with an output operation monitor provided with a flow velocity distribution outputting means for outputting, on a screen, the flow distribution of a measured fluid in a measuring area, a central display means for displaying the center of a measured point in the measured fluid with respect to the flow velocity distribution displayed on the screen by the flow velocity distribution outputting means, and a divided distribution selecting means for making a user select one of flow velocity distributions divided into two using the central display as a boundary, to be output. A flow rate computing means executes computation using the one divided distribution selected using the divided distribution selecting means, and executes multiplication by two to measure a flow rate of the measured fluid in the measuring area.

Description

Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter and ultrasonic flow instrumentation method
The application divides an application, the application number of female case is 03817870.2, the applying date of female case is on June 3rd, 2003, and denomination of invention is " flow measuring method of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter, use doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter and the flow measuring program that uses " in this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter.
Technical field
The present invention relates to utilize ultrasonic pulse to measure the velocity distribution of fluid and the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of flow, flow measuring method and the flow measuring program thereof that utilizes doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter to carry out, particularly can the various flow rate of fluid of non-cpntact measurement distribute and the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of flow, utilize flow measuring method that this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter carries out and the flow measuring program that in this flowmeter, uses.
Background technology
As the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of the Doppler effect that utilizes ultrasonic pulse, the technology of opening institute's publicity in the 2000-97742 communique the spy is arranged.
This doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter is following device: ultrasonic pulse is launched from the slotted line of transducer in fluid piping, reflection wave to the microactuator suspension particle in the fluid that comes to flow in the comfortable fluid piping is that the ultrasonic echo signal is resolved, and tries to achieve velocity flow profile and the flow of fluid along slotted line according to the position and the speed of microactuator suspension particle.Slotted line is formed by the wave beam from the pulse of transducer ultrasonic waves transmitted.
Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter has following advantage: can be applicable in opaque fluid and the opaque fluid pipe arrangement, the fluid that can non-cpntact measurement in fluid piping, flows, can be to measure velocity flow profile and the flow in the fluid piping along the line measurement of slotted line, on the other hand, can either be applied to the velocity flow profile and the flow measurement of opaque fluid, can be used in the flow measurement of liquid metals such as mercury or sodium again.
Utilize doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter, change owing to can obtain being transmitted into the timeliness of the velocity flow profile on the slotted line of the ultrasonic pulse in the fluid, so wish that the transition flow of the fluid that flows is arranged or the rate of flow of fluid in the field of turbulent flow distributes and the application of directions such as flow measurement in fluid piping from transducer.
Open an example having recorded and narrated above-mentioned ultrasonic flow-velocity distribution and flowmeter in the 2000-97742 communique the spy.(for example with reference to Patent Document 1).
[Patent Document 1]
The spy opens the 2000-97742 communique
Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter in the past is a prerequisite there to be the ultrasonic echo by bubble that is contained in the detected fluid or solid reflection.Thereby, under the extremely unsettled situation that flows of detected fluid, because of making in the measured value of velocity flow profile, the density difference of bubble etc. produces deviation sometimes.In addition, owing to use the measured value of velocity flow profile in the instrumentation of flow, so when velocity flow profile produced deviation, also the computing to flow exerted an influence, the measured value of flow also can produce deviation.
And then, doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter in the past, from be used for guaranteeing that the flow that computing of instantaneous ground and instrumentation changed in the short time is the relation of the hardware capabilities of response, receive the ultrasonic echo at 128 places at most, but the minimum value of the interval of this ultrasonic echo measurement point (below, be called channel distance) is that ultrasonic velocity Cw in the detected fluid is divided by the basic frequency f of ultrasonic pulse 02 times value.
Thereby, can be by the longest distance of this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter instrumentation, for the smallest passage distance multiply by the value of measuring port number, at this, 128 times distance for the smallest passage distance, under the bigger situation of the pipe arrangement diameter of fluid piping, can not get the velocity flow profile of All Ranges in the pipe arrangement sometimes.
And then, because ultrasonic velocity Cw, the basic frequency f of ultrasonic pulse in the detected fluid 0, ultrasonic pulse incident angle α etc. be used for that to carry out the setting value of only measurement different because of the thickness of the kind of detected fluid, pipe arrangement and material etc., so need carry out preliminary measurement, be about to these setting value conjunction measuring objects and obtain only value, need to take some time and prepare to measure, causing present situation is to give full play to the characteristic that also can carry out the less measurement of error even without " flow correction coefficient ".
On the other hand, but also can design the scope that has conjunction measuring object and instrumentation multiple hardwares, for example have a doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of multiple hardwares according to the scope of the size of caliber and Peak Flow Rate, but not preferred from the viewpoint of design and cost.
In addition, though but but the distance that can prolong instrumentation by the upper limit that increases the instrumentation position, the viewpoint of the response traffic that changes in the short time from instrumentation is subjected to the performance of hardware, the restriction of economic aspect.Suppose promptly to allow to break through the performance of hardware, the limit of economic aspect, but too specialization for the scope of present instrumentation is not preferred.
On the other hand, former doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter constitutes, and is that flow velocity is that the liquid stream of negative value also can carry out instrumentation even there is the adverse current of part, but in the instrumentation of reality, at flow velocity faster in the liquid stream, even part exists the probability of adverse current also extremely low.Thereby, be the flowmeter of prerequisite if make there not to be adverse current, then might enlarge measurable velocity range, but this moment, but there is the problem be not used for confirming not existing the mechanism of adverse current.
So, the problem that the present invention will solve is, even provide under a kind of situation that deviation takes place in the measured value of velocity flow profile, also can carry out more accurate velocity flow profile instrumentation or flow measurement doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter, use the flow measuring method of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter and the flow measuring program that in this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter, uses.
In addition, another problem that solves is to provide a kind of and can automatically calculate optimum value and the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of use, the flow measuring method of use doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter and the flow measuring program that uses that will adjust to according to the variable of following measuring object in this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter.
And then, the another one problem that solves is, but a kind of restriction that is not subjected to hardware is provided and can be than the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that enlarged the scope of instrumentation in the past, use the flow measuring method of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter and the flow measuring program that in this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter, uses.
Also have, the another one problem that solves is, provide a kind of can judge whether to exist flow velocity be flowing of negative value and at the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that can enlarge measurable velocity range under the situation that does not have negative value, use the flow measuring method of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter and the flow measuring program that in this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter, uses.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, as described in technical scheme 1, the invention provides a kind of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter, it is characterized in that, have: the ultrasonic transmitter structure is used for making ultrasonic pulse incident the detected fluid in fluid piping from ultrasonic transducer along slotted line of required frequency; Velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanism is used for receiving in the ultrasonic pulse that is mapped in the detected fluid by the ultrasonic echo from the measured zone reflection, and the velocity flow profile of the detected fluid in the instrumentation measured zone; With flow measurement mechanism, be used for velocity flow profile based on above-mentioned detected fluid, the flow of the detected fluid in the above-mentioned measured zone of instrumentation, above-mentioned velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanism possesses the velocity flow profile of the velocity flow profile that is used for calculating the detected fluid in the measured zone and calculates mechanism; This velocity flow profile is calculated mechanism and is possessed: be used for the velocity flow profile calculating portion of velocity flow profile of the detected fluid in the Fluid Computation pipe arrangement, be used for obtaining the middle position test section of middle position of fluid piping and the regional selection portion in the zone in the fluid piping that uses when selecting to calculate velocity flow profile with the cut zone unit that is split to form by middle position 2; Above-mentioned velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanism constitutes, when calculating velocity flow profile, use the selected cut zone of above-mentioned zone selection portion to carry out computing, be considered as velocity flow profile is come the detected fluid in the above-mentioned measured zone of instrumentation with respect to the middle position symmetry velocity flow profile.
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, as described in technical scheme 2, the invention provides a kind of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter, it is characterized in that, have: the ultrasonic transmitter structure is used for making ultrasonic pulse incident the detected fluid in fluid piping from ultrasonic transducer along slotted line of required frequency; Velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanism is used for receiving in the ultrasonic pulse that is mapped in the detected fluid by the ultrasonic echo from the measured zone reflection, and the velocity flow profile of the detected fluid in the instrumentation measured zone; With flow measurement mechanism, be used for velocity flow profile based on above-mentioned detected fluid, the flow of the detected fluid in the above-mentioned measured zone of instrumentation, above-mentioned velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanism possesses the velocity flow profile of the velocity flow profile that is used for calculating the detected fluid in the measured zone and calculates mechanism; This velocity flow profile is calculated mechanism and is possessed: be used for the velocity flow profile calculating portion of velocity flow profile of the detected fluid in the Fluid Computation pipe arrangement, be used for obtaining the middle position test section of middle position of fluid piping and the automated regional selection portion in the zone in the fluid piping that uses when selecting to calculate velocity flow profile automatically with the cut zone unit that is split to form by middle position 2; Above-mentioned velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanism constitutes, when calculating velocity flow profile, use the selected cut zone of above-mentioned automated regional selection portion to carry out computing, make velocity flow profile come the velocity flow profile of the detected fluid in the above-mentioned measured zone of instrumentation with respect to the middle position symmetry.
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, as described in technical scheme 3, the invention provides a kind of ultrasonic flow instrumentation method, it is characterized in that, comprise: reflecting body group velocity computation process, ultrasonic pulse is incided in the detected fluid, receive ultrasonic echo and calculate the speed of sneaking into a plurality of reflecting body groups in above-mentioned detected fluid; Velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure is according to the velocity flow profile of the above-mentioned detected fluid of velocity distribution data instrumentation of the above-mentioned reflecting body that obtains in this reflecting body group velocity computation process; With the flow measurement processing procedure, the velocity distribution data of above-mentioned detected fluid are carried out calculation process again come the instrumentation flow; Above-mentioned velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure comprises: velocity flow profile is calculated step, and the velocity distribution of above-mentioned reflecting body is carried out calculation process, calculates the velocity flow profile data of above-mentioned detected fluid and the middle position data of fluid piping; Velocity flow profile data output step will be calculated the velocity flow profile data and the middle position data that obtain in the step in this velocity flow profile and export so that they are shown on indication mechanism; With regional given step, under the situation of the purpose request that has the reflecting body group that uses when calculating above-mentioned velocity flow profile to select, by the cut zone that the middle position 2 of specifying by fluid piping is split to form, specify employed reflecting body group when calculating velocity flow profile.
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, as described in technical scheme 4, the invention provides a kind of ultrasonic flow instrumentation method, it is characterized in that, comprise: reflecting body group velocity computation process, ultrasonic pulse is incided in the detected fluid, receive ultrasonic echo and calculate the speed of sneaking into a plurality of reflecting body groups in above-mentioned detected fluid; Velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure is according to the velocity flow profile of the above-mentioned detected fluid of velocity distribution data instrumentation of the above-mentioned reflecting body that obtains in this reflecting body group velocity computation process; With the flow measurement processing procedure, the velocity distribution data of above-mentioned detected fluid are carried out calculation process again come the instrumentation flow; Above-mentioned velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure comprises: velocity flow profile is calculated step, and the velocity distribution of above-mentioned reflecting body is carried out calculation process, calculates the velocity flow profile data of above-mentioned detected fluid and the middle position data of fluid piping; Automated regional is selected step, the cut zone that employed reflecting body group's the middle position 2 by fluid piping is cut apart when selecting velocity flow profile automatically; With velocity flow profile data output step, will calculate the velocity flow profile data and the middle position data that obtain in step and the automated regional selection step in this velocity flow profile and export so that they are shown on indication mechanism.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic chart of the formation of the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that shows that generally the 1st embodiment of the present invention is related.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic chart of the basic comprising overview of the expression computing machine that doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter possessed involved in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the synoptic chart of the formation of the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that shows that generally the 2nd embodiment of the present invention is related.
Fig. 4 be explanation in the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, utilize Doppler frequency to calculate the key diagram of summary of the speed composition of ultrasound wave incident angle direction.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the measuring principle of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of expression the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the signal Processing block scheme of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the functional-block diagram of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of the 4th embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the key diagram that the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge of the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that the 4th embodiment of the present invention is related is described by treatment scheme.
Fig. 9 is the synoptic chart of an example of the velocity flow profile that shows on display monitor when specifying of the cut zone that generally is shown in employed reflecting body group when calculating velocity flow profile.
Figure 10 is the functional-block diagram of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of the 5th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the key diagram that the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge of the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that the 5th embodiment of the present invention is related is described by treatment scheme.
Figure 12 is the functional-block diagram of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 13 is whether explanation can make the figure that measures optimumization when carrying out instrumentation by the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of the 6th embodiment of the present invention, is to set normalized velocity V on transverse axis *, on the longitudinal axis, set normalized frequency F *, represent to make the key diagram in the zone of measuring optimumization and zone that can not optimumization.
Figure 14 is whether explanation can make the figure that measures optimumization when carrying out instrumentation by the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of the 6th embodiment of the present invention, is at the logarithm of setting Cw/Di on the transverse axis, sets repetition frequency (f on the longitudinal axis PRF) logarithm, represent to make the key diagram in the zone of measuring optimumization and zone that can not optimumization.
Figure 15 is whether explanation can make the figure that measures optimumization when carrying out instrumentation by the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of the 6th embodiment of the present invention, is expression about kind and its zone of representational pipe arrangement, can makes the key diagram in the zone of measuring optimumization and zone that can not optimumization.
Figure 16 is the key diagram that the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge of the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that the 6th embodiment of the present invention is related is described by treatment scheme.
Figure 17 is the functional-block diagram of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of the 7th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 18 is the key diagram that the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge of the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that the 7th embodiment of the present invention is related is described by treatment scheme.
Figure 19 is the functional-block diagram of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of the 8th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 20 is the key diagram that the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge of the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that the 8th embodiment of the present invention is related is described by treatment scheme.
But Figure 21 generally is shown in the instrumentation scope procedure for displaying of ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of the 8th embodiment of the present invention the key diagram of an example of picture displayed on display monitor.
Figure 22 is the functional-block diagram of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of the 9th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 23 is the key diagram that the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge of the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that the 9th embodiment of the present invention is related is described by treatment scheme.
Figure 24 is the functional-block diagram of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of the 10th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 25 (A), Figure 25 (B) are that the velocity flow profile output mechanism of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of expression the 10th embodiment of the present invention will calculate the velocity flow profile data of the detected fluid of mechanism's output from velocity flow profile, are presented at the figure of an example of the display frame on the display monitor with the relation with the range direction of slotted line ML.
Figure 26 is the key diagram that the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge of the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that the 10th embodiment of the present invention is related is described by treatment scheme.
Figure 27 is the functional-block diagram of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of the 11st embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 28 is the key diagram that the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge of the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that the 11st embodiment of the present invention is related is described by treatment scheme.
[description of symbols]
10,10A, 10B, 10C, 10D, 10E... doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter
11... fluid piping
12... detected fluid
13... ultrasonic flow-velocity distribution instrumentation unit (Udflow unit)
14... computing machine
15... signal transmission cable
17... ultrasonic transmitter structure
18... the velocity flow profile data obtain mechanism
19... frequency is selected set mechanism
20... ultrasonic transducer
21... vibration amplifier
23... oscillator (Vib.)
24... transmitter
25... ultrasound reflector (reflecting body)
27... reflection wave receiver
28... amplifier
29...A/D converter
30... velocity distribution data acquisition device
31... oscillation frequency changes mechanism
32... basic frequency zone set mechanism
33... reflection wave intensity extraction mechanism
35... computing processing sector
36... storer
37... recording mechanism
38... input mechanism
39.... display monitor
40...I/F mechanism
41,41A, 41B, 41C, 41D, 41E, 41F, 41G, 41H... flow measurement PG
43... contact medium
50,50A... doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter
51... incident angle is regulated set mechanism
52... incident angle changes mechanism
53... incident angle zone set mechanism
54... incident angle intensity extraction mechanism
56... step motor
60... doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter
61... ultrasonic transducer travel mechanism
62... velocity calculation mechanism
63... velocity vector calculation mechanism
67, the 67A... velocity flow profile is calculated mechanism
68... flow rate calculation mechanism
70... velocity flow profile calculating portion
71... middle position test section
72... regional selection portion
73... Central Line
74... the zone is selected
75... automated regional selection portion
77, the optimum value calculation mechanism of 77A...
78... data input part
79... Peak Flow Rate calculating part
80... normalized velocity calculating part
81... normalized frequency calculating part
82... frequency setting portion
84... incident angle configuration part
87... channel distance arithmetical organ
But 88... instrumentation scope indication mechanism
89... channel distance change determination means
But 91... instrumentation scope
92... velocity flow profile display part
93... channel distance change decision is confirmed to show
94... channel distance change window
95... pointer key up and down
97... channel distance changes determination means automatically
99... velocity flow profile output mechanism
100... flow velocity indication mechanism at zero point
101... flow velocity instrumentation scope switching mechanism
103... flow velocity zero line
104... flow rates is switched
106... positive and negative decision mechanism
107... flow rates mechanism for automatically switching
Embodiment
The embodiment of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter involved in the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[the 1st embodiment]
Fig. 1 be the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that shows that generally the 1st embodiment of the present invention is related configuration example, be the synoptic chart of the formation of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10.
Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10 constitutes, can measure in fluid piping 11 detected fluid 12 (liquid or gas) that flows velocity flow profile, and can be along with the time is measured flow instantaneously.Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10 possesses: ultrasonic flow-velocity distribution instrumentation unit (hereinafter referred to as the Udflow unit) 13 is used for measuring non-contactly in fluid piping 11 flow velocity of the detected fluid 12 that flows; With computing machine 14, be used for the electric signal (data) from these Udflow unit 13 outputs is carried out calculation process, for the flow of instrumentation detected fluid 12 velocity flow profile of detected fluid 12 is carried out calculation process, and show the calculation process result that can show chronologically; Udflow unit 13 and computing machine 14 are electrically connected by signal transmission cable 15.
Udflow unit 13 has: ultrasonic transmitter structure 17 is used for sending required frequency (basic frequency f along slotted line ML to detected fluid 12 0) ultrasonic pulse; The velocity flow profile data obtain mechanism 18, are used for receiving the ultrasonic echo of the measured zone reflection of the ultrasonic pulse from incide detected fluid 12, and the velocity distribution that obtains the detected fluid 12 in the measured zone is used as the velocity distribution data; Frequency is selected set mechanism 19, the frequency of ultrasonic when being used for automatically selecting to come with best state the velocity flow profile of instrumentation mobile detected fluid 12 fluid piping 11 in or flow (below, be called optimum frequency).
Ultrasonic transmitter structure 17 has: ultrasonic transducer 20, and being used for vibrating produces the ultrasonic pulse of required frequency; With vibration amplifier 21, generate mechanism as the supersonic oscillations signal that makes these ultrasonic transducer 20 vibrations.Vibration has with amplifier 21: oscillator (Vib.) 23 is used for producing required basic frequency f 0Electric signal; With transmitter 24, be used for receiving electric signal from 23 outputs of this oscillator, and every official hour interval (1/F Prf) output pulse type electric signal (hereinafter referred to as the supersonic oscillations signal).
When velocity flow profile of carrying out detected fluid 12 or flow measurement, generate mechanism from the supersonic oscillations signal and promptly vibrate with amplifier 21 to the required basic frequency f of ultrasonic transducer 20 inputs 0The supersonic oscillations signal.If imported the supersonic oscillations signal of pulse type, then ultrasonic transducer 20 vibrations produce basic frequency f 0Ultrasonic pulse, and with the ultrasonic pulse that produces of vibrate along slotted line ML to detected fluid 12 direction incidents.Ultrasonic pulse for example for about pulse width 5mm, the straight moving type acoustic beam dispersed hardly.
Ultrasonic transducer 20 be the ultrasonic transmitter structure also be the ultrasonic receiver structure.Ultrasonic transducer 20 is that ultrasonic echo receives with the reflection wave of ultrasonic pulse reflection on being present in a plurality of ultrasound reflector (following is called reflecting body) 25 of surveying in the liquid 12 of incident.At this, so-called reflecting body 25, be meant particulates such as the bubble that for example as one man is contained in the detected fluid 12, aluminium powder or with the different material of detected fluid 12 acoustic impedances, i.e. foreign matter.
The ultrasonic echo that ultrasonic transducer 20 is received is sent to the reflection wave receiver 27 in the Udflow unit 13, and transmitted wave receiver 27 is converted to electric signal with ultrasonic echo.The ultrasonic echo (hereinafter referred to as the ultrasonic echo signal) that is converted into electric signal is input to amplifier 28 from reflection wave receiver 27, carry out signal amplification by amplifier 28 after, be input to A/D converter 29.
In addition, the basic frequency f of amplifier 21 of self-oscillation in the future 0Electric signal (hereinafter referred to as the basic frequency signal) be input in the A/D converter 29, be digital signal (hereinafter referred to as the A/D conversion) by A/D converter 29 with ultrasonic echo signal and basic frequency signal from analog conversion of signals.Then, will be by A/D converter 29 digitizings ultrasonic echo signal and basic frequency signal be input in the velocity distribution data acquisition device 30.
Velocity distribution data acquisition device 30 has the processor that is used for carrying out calculation process, the time series data that use obtains from A/D converter 29 is digital supersonic echoed signal and basic frequency signal, difference on the frequency according to two signals comes the change in location of instrumentation based on Doppler shift, calculates a plurality of reflecting bodys (hereinafter referred to as the reflecting body group) 25 speed along slotted line ML of sneaking in detected fluid 12.Then, proofread and correct the velocity flow profile of the reflecting body 25 on can the xsect of instrumentation fluid piping 11 with inclined angle alpha.
Because the speed of sneaking into the reflecting body group 25 in detected fluid 12 can be regarded as with the flow velocity of detected fluid 12 and equate, so by trying to achieve the speed of the emitter group 25 in the detected fluid 12, can try to achieve the flow velocity of detected fluid 12.Then, the reflecting body group's 25 that will be obtained by calculation process speed data is from 30 outputs of speed distributed data acquisition device, exports to as velocity flow profile via signal transmission cable 15 and calculates in the computing machine 14 of mechanism and flow rate calculation mechanism.
14 pairs of speed datas from the reflecting body group 25 of speed distributed data acquisition device 30 receptions of computing machine are carried out calculation process, carry out the velocity distribution of instrumentation detected fluid 12 and the velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure that shows in the indication mechanism that computing machine 14 is had.Then, carry out the flow measurement processing procedure: the velocity flow profile of the detected fluid 12 that obtains is carried out calculation process and instrumentation flow and showing again.
Frequency selects set mechanism 19 to have: oscillation frequency changes mechanism 31, is used for being input to vibration with in the amplifier 21 with controlling the control signal of vibration with the oscillation frequency of amplifier 21; Basic frequency zone set mechanism 32 is used for making this oscillation frequency to change mechanism 31 and moves in preassigned scope, in the frequency field of for example 200kHz～4MHz; Reflection wave receiver 27 receives reflection wave from the reflecting body 25 in the fluid piping 11 and is ultrasonic echo and converts the ultrasonic echo signal to and export; Amplifier 28 is used for receiving from the ultrasonic echo signal of reflection wave receiver 27 and carries out signal amplification; With reflection wave intensity extraction mechanism 33, be used for extracting from the intensity of the ultrasonic echo signal of amplifier 28 outputs and have the storer that is used for storing the signal intensity of being extracted.
Select in the set mechanism 19 in frequency, reflection wave intensity extraction mechanism 33 and oscillation frequency change concerted action such as mechanism 31, carry out the extraction selection operation of hyperacoustic oscillation frequency repeatedly, and output selects to set the control signal of hyperacoustic oscillation frequency of suitable instrumentation automatically.Then, the control signal of selecting set mechanism 19 to export from frequency is fed back to vibration with amplifier 21, uses in the amplifier 21 free the and oscillation frequency of selection control automatically in the vibration that has received control signal.
At this moment, frequency selects set mechanism 19 for example to constitute, and can automatically select as basic frequency f 0Only frequency, and make the ultrasonic transducer 20 optimum frequency of vibrating, described basic frequency f 0It is the frequency that sees through phenomenon that the tube wall of fluid piping 11 that detected fluid 12 is flow through produces resonance.The most suitable frequency is that the Automatic Frequency that the thickness of pipe that will make the integral multiple of half-wavelength of ultrasonic pulse of setting and the fluid piping 11 that detected fluid 12 is flow through equates is chosen as the most suitable frequency.This is based on following understanding: when the wall thickness of fluid piping 11 was the integral multiple of half-wavelength of ultrasonic pulse, hyperacoustic to see through characteristic very high.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic chart of the basic comprising overview of expression computing machine 14.Computing machine 14 has: the computing processing sectors 35 such as CPU, MPU of carrying out calculation process, carry out the temporary transient memory storing 36 of electronic data, the recording mechanism 37 of record and preservation electronic data, the input mechanism 38 of instrumentation person input instruction, show calculation process result's display monitor 39 and carry out the interface that is electrically connected (following province is I/F slightly) mechanism 40 with external mechanical; In recording mechanism 37, preserve and be used for making computing processing sector 35 to carry out the calculation process operation of velocity flow profile and the flow flow measuring program of (also comprising the calculation process operation that thereupon produces) (following program is economized slightly PG) 41.
In doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10, carry out flow measurement PG41 by computing machine 14, computing machine 14 carries out velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure or velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure and flow measurement processing procedure with flow measurement PG41 concerted action, on the display monitor 39 that the velocity flow profile or the flow measurement result of detected fluid 12 is presented at computing machine 14.
In addition, in Fig. 1, mark 43 is for making from ultrasonic transducer 20 ultrasound wave that the contact medium of vibration reposefully in fluid piping 11 that vibrates.Contact medium 43 is in order to make acoustic impedance when inciding in the fluid piping 11 after ultrasonic transducer 20 vibration produces reduce, make the sound switching to become good and to be provided with.
In addition, doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10 is electrically connected Udflow unit 13 and computing machine 14 by signal transmission cable 15, but Udflow unit 13 and computing machine 14 such wired connection that also can not be signal transmission cable 15 also can be wireless.
And then, in Udflow unit 13 shown in Figure 1, also can constitute, reflection wave receiver 27 is by ultrasonic transducer 20 equipments.And then, velocity distribution data acquisition device 30 is arranged in the Udflow unit 13, but might not be arranged in the Udflow unit 13, also can constitute, make the function of computing machine 14 performances as velocity distribution data acquisition device 30 by software and computing machine 14 concerted actions.
According to the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10 that constitutes as shown in Figure 1, if the wall thickness of fluid piping 11 is the integral multiple of ultrasound wave half-wavelength, then pass through resonance effect, the ultrasound wave transmitance at the interface of fluid piping 11 is significantly increased, because it is that the ultrasonic echo signal increases that the result that the ultrasound wave transmitance increases makes the reflection wave from the reflecting body of detected fluid 12, so if select the set mechanism 19 will be from the vibrate oscillation frequency of the ultrasonic pulse that of ultrasonic transducer 20 by frequency, be chosen as with respect to the only basic frequency f of the wall thickness of fluid piping 11 0, then make decay in the ultrasound wave circuit (line of travel of slotted line ML direction) diminish, make the ultrasound wave transmitance on the interface of fluid piping 11 to increase, therefore can access enough reflection wave intensity.
[the 2nd embodiment]
Fig. 3 be the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that shows that generally the 2nd embodiment of the present invention is related configuration example, be the synoptic chart of the formation of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50.
Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50 is configuration examples of the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of following formation: improve the S/N ratio of reflection wave, replace selecting to incide the optimum frequency of the ultrasonic pulse in the fluid piping 11.
Be to improve the S/N ratio of reflection wave, also can make the wall thickness change of fluid piping 11 and produce the phenomenon that sees through of resonance, but the wall thickness change of fluid piping 11 is practically impossible.Thereby, in this configuration example, adopted to change to make it have method with the effect of the wall thickness change equivalence that makes fluid piping 11 by the setting angle that makes ultrasonic transducer 20.
In doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50, regulate 51 pairs of set mechanisms by incident angle and regulate setting, automatically select to be suitable for hyperacoustic incident angle of the wall thickness of fluid piping 11 from the vibrate incident angle α of the ultrasonic pulse that of ultrasonic transducer 20.In addition, give identical mark and omit its explanation for the formation position identical with the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10 shown in the 1st embodiment.
Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50 shown in Figure 3 is provided with incident angle adjusting set mechanism 51 and replaces frequency to select set mechanism 19.
Incident angle is regulated set mechanism 51 and had: ultrasonic transducer 20 can be located on the fluid piping 11 from the outside with regulating setting angle freely; Incident angle changes mechanism 52, and the incident angle α of the ultrasonic pulse that can vibrating from this ultrasonic transducer 20 regulates setting; Incident angle zone set mechanism 53 changes the ground action in the scope of the angular regions amplitudes that being used for making incident angle to change mechanism 52 can be in the scope in preassigned incident angle zone, for example incident angle α is 5 degree～45 degree; With reflection wave intensity extraction mechanism 54, be used for receiving the intensity of ultrasonic echo, extraction and the storage ultrasonic echo of the measured zone reflection in the above-mentioned fluid piping 11; By reflection wave intensity extraction mechanism 54 extract, the intensity of the ultrasonic echo of storage is transfused to computing machine 14, on display monitor 39, show.
Above-mentioned incident angle is regulated set mechanism 51 makes incident angle change the change incident angle α in the scope of about 5 degree～45 degree of mechanism 52, by change the signal of mechanism's 52 outputs from this incident angle, adjusting is automatically set the setting angle of ultrasonic transducer 20 and is made it become only value.Utilization drives for example adjusting mechanism such as change such as step motor 56 established angles such as grade from the signal that incident angle changes mechanism's 52 outputs, changes and regulates the setting angle of setting ultrasonic transducer 20 freely.
From hyperacoustic incident angle α that ultrasonic transducer 20 vibrates and, be and the perpendicular line of the tube-surface of fluid piping 11 or vertical plane between the angle that forms.Regulate set mechanism 51 by incident angle and be set at only angle from the vibrate incident angle of the ultrasonic pulse that of ultrasonic transducer 20, make the wall thickness of convection cell pipe arrangement 11 produce the phenomenon that sees through of resonance.
Incident angle is regulated set mechanism 51 according to the output signal that changes mechanism 52 from incident angle, make in ultrasonic transducer 20 vibrates the angular range of the incident angle of incident angle about about 5 degree～45 degree of the ultrasonic pulse that to change, and by reflection wave intensity extraction mechanism 54 extract, storage reflection wave intensity.Show the reflection wave intensity of storing by reflection wave intensity extraction mechanism 54 by display monitor 39, on the other hand, regulate the extraction selection operation that set mechanism 51 carries out the incident angle of ultrasonic pulse repeatedly by incident angle, automatically select, select only ultrasonic pulse incident angle.
To regulate and be set at optimum angle from the vibrate incident angle of the ultrasonic pulse that of ultrasonic transducer 20 by regulate set mechanism 51 by incident angle, physically change equivalence with the wall thickness that makes fluid piping 11, the ultrasonic pulse that by vibrating from ultrasonic transducer 20 can be correctly and is measured in fluid piping 11 velocity flow profile and the flow of the fluid to be measured 12 that flows accurately.
If change the hyperacoustic incident angle (entering angle) that vibrates and from ultrasonic transducer 20, then the propagation distance in the material is that fluid piping 11 interior ultrasonic propagation distances change.By making ultrasonic propagation distance consistent with the integral multiple of ultrasound wave half-wavelength, and the wall thickness of convection cell pipe arrangement 11 produces the phenomenon that sees through of resonance, can guarantee enough reflection wave S/N ratios, thereby can guarantee that reflection wave is the intensity of ultrasonic echo.Thereby, can noncontact and measure the velocity flow profile or the flow of the detected fluid that in fluid piping 11, flows accurately.
In addition, in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50, represent to set into firing angle and regulated the example that set mechanism 51 replaces frequency selection set mechanism 19, but also can constitute, select set mechanism 19 and incident angle to regulate set mechanism 51 frequency and be combined in the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter.If select set mechanism 19 and incident angle to regulate set mechanism 51 combined equipments frequency, then automatically select to set optimum frequency and optimum incident angle by doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter easily.
Fig. 1 or doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10,50 shown in Figure 3, because measure the flow of detected fluid with the line mensuration of the velocity flow profile of the Doppler shift that utilizes ultrasonic pulse and ultrasonic echo, so in order to improve measuring accuracy, need to increase slotted line ML quantity, and ultrasonic transducer 20 the platform number is set.
As an embodiment who improves measuring accuracy, for example, also can upwards separate required interval in the week of pipe arrangement 11 and N ultrasonic transducer 20 is set, make slotted line ML with respect to the vertical line tilt angle alpha towards tube wall, all slotted line ML are set to pass the axis of pipe arrangement 11.The flow of the detected fluid 12 of trying to achieve like this can show along with the time instantaneously, the velocity flow profile of the slotted line ML of detected fluid 12 in the fluid piping 11, velocity flow profile or the flow measurement result on the pipe arrangement xsect can be presented on the display monitor 39.
[the 3rd embodiment]
Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 be the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that shows that generally the 3rd embodiment of the present invention is related configuration example, be the synoptic chart of the formation of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 60.
Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 60 utilizes Doppler frequency to calculate the speed composition V of detected fluid 12 on ultrasound wave incident angle (entering angle) direction that flows in fluid piping 11 as shown in Figure 4 2, according to this Doppler frequency that calculates, try to achieve along the velocity flow profile of slotted line ML with the line mensuration, calculate the flow of detected fluid 12.
At this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 60, according to the velocity V of Doppler frequency calculating along ultrasound wave circuit direction (slotted line ML) 2, and with velocity V 2Divided by sin α, calculate axial velocity V along fluid piping 11 1
According to doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 60, detected fluid 12 flow with fluid piping 11 uneven situations under, if fluid piping 11 in, produce eddy flow or uneven mobile in fluid piping 11, then can not calculate correct flow velocity.For example, as shown in Figure 5, has velocity V in existence 3The situation of bubble under because this velocity V 3Velocity V with detected fluid 12 1The velocity V of total equidirectional 2So, on apparent, the speed mistake of the bubble of detected fluid 12 can be calculated as the axial velocity of fluid piping 11 faster.
In order to eliminate this speed calculation flow on apparent, doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 60 possesses 2 ultrasonic transducers 20,20a, is installed on the fluid piping 11.A ultrasonic transducer 20 is provided with orthogonally with another ultrasonic transducer 20a, tries to achieve two velocity V respectively by two ultrasonic transducers 20 and 20a 2, V 4, by calculating this velocity V 2, V 4Vector and, correctly try to achieve the flow velocity of detected fluid 12 and the flow velocity of bubble.
This doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 60 constitutes, and in order correctly to measure the flow velocity of detected fluid 12, another ultrasonic transducer 20a can be moved with respect to a ultrasonic transducer 20 on fluid piping 11.Therefore, doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 60 has and is used for ultrasonic transducer travel mechanism 61 that another transducer 20a is relatively advanced and retreat with respect to a ultrasonic transducer 20, and constitutes as signal Processing block scheme as shown in Figure 6.
In doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 6 60, will be configured to from the vibrate incident direction of the ultrasonic pulse that of two ultrasonic transducers 20,20a, make their mutually orthogonals in fluid piping 11.Promptly, with doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 60 set into, make the quadrature the measured zone of ultrasonic pulse in fluid piping 11 that vibrates from two ultrasonic transducers 20,20a.
Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 60 possesses: reflection wave receiver 27,27a, and it is ultrasonic echo that the measured zone of ultrasonic pulse in fluid piping 11 that is used for from being vibrated by two ultrasonic transducers 20,20a respectively receives reflection wave; Velocity calculation mechanism 62,62a are used for calculating the velocity of ultrasonic measurement line direction respectively from the ultrasonic echo intensity of each reflection wave receiver 27,27a reception; With velocity vector calculation mechanism 63, be used for the velocity calculated from each velocity calculation mechanism 62,62a vector and calculate the velocity vector of detected fluid; From calculate the flow of detected fluid 12 by the velocity flow profile of the slotted line direction ML in the fluid piping 11 of velocity vector calculation mechanism 63 calculating.
And receiving reflection wave respectively by each reflection wave receiver 27,27a is ultrasonic echo, and this ultrasonic echo is from two ultrasonic transducers 20, the 20a ultrasonic pulse that the measured zone reflection in fluid piping 11 of vibrating.The strength signal of the ultrasonic echo that will be received by each reflection wave receiver 27,27a by velocity calculation mechanism 62,62a is converted to the velocity of slotted line ML direction (line direction).The vector of the velocity of the line direction that calculates by velocity vector calculation mechanism 63 and, calculate the correct velocity of detected fluid 12 flow velocitys.
Constitute velocity flow profile data acquisition device 30A by above-mentioned velocity calculation mechanism 62,62a and velocity vector calculation mechanism 63, by measure the velocity flow profile of the detected fluid 12 of the detected fluid 12 that in fluid piping 11, flows along line direction (slotted line) ML, and this velocity flow profile carried out integral operation on hyperacoustic line direction, can try to achieve the flow of detected fluid 12.
After having calculated the flow velocity of certain position by the velocity vector calculation mechanism 63 of velocity flow profile data acquisition device 30A, by ultrasonic transducer travel mechanism 61 ultrasonic transducer 20 or 20a are moved on fluid piping 11, obtain the data of next position.By by ultrasonic transducer travel mechanism 61 little by little move operation ultrasonic transducer 20,20a, the whole line direction that can spread all over ultrasonic pulse is tried to achieve the velocity flow profile of detected fluid 12, can correctly try to achieve its flow by computing.
[the 4th embodiment]
For following embodiment, constitute: by in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 1 10, by computing machine 14, reading and carry out the flow measurement PG41 that is kept in the storing mechanism 37, make as the Udflow unit 13 of hardware and computing machine 14 with as the flow measurement PG41 concerted action of software, and performance is as the function of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter; The difference of embodiment is that because of the content difference of flow measurement PG41, the treatment scheme of execution or the function of realization are different.
Thereby the 4th embodiment only illustrates functional-block diagram later on, and the formation of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter is illustrated briefly.In addition, with flow measurement PG41 shown in Figure 2 program in each embodiment, in Fig. 2, make flow measurement PG41 represent to realize the flow measurement PG41A of each embodiment instead of each embodiments of realization such as flow measurement PG41A.
Fig. 7 is that an embodiment of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of the 4th embodiment of the present invention is the functional-block diagram of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10A.
Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10A shown in Figure 7 constitutes, in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 1 10, the flow measurement PG41A that will be kept in the recording mechanism 37 by computing machine 14 reads and carries out, and makes as the Udflow unit 13 of hardware and computing machine 14 with as the flow measurement PG41A concerted action of software and bring into play function as doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter.
According to Fig. 7, doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10A possesses: obtain the Udflow unit 13 of mechanism as flow speed data, be used for calculating the speed of sneaking into a plurality of reflecting body groups 25 in detected fluid 12, be used as reflecting body group velocity computation process; Velocity flow profile is calculated mechanism 67, is used for the speed data of the reflecting body group 25 of 13 inputs from the Udflow unit is carried out calculation process, and the velocity distribution of instrumentation detected fluid 12 is used as velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure; Flow rate calculation mechanism 68 is used for the velocity distribution of detected fluid 12 is further carried out calculation process and the instrumentation flow is used as the flow measurement processing procedure.
In doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10A, calculate mechanism 67 by the Udflow unit 13 of obtaining mechanism as flow speed data and velocity flow profile and constitute velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanism.Then, flow rate calculation mechanism 68 carries out the instrumentation of flow based on the velocity flow profile instrumentation result who is obtained by velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanism.Promptly, Udflow unit 13, velocity flow profile are calculated mechanism 67 and 68 formation flow measurement mechanisms of flow rate calculation mechanism.Then, will be presented at by the instrumentation result that velocity flow profile is calculated at least one output of mechanism 67 and flow rate calculation mechanism 68 on such the shown instrumentation result's of the display monitor 39 of computing machine 14 for example the indication mechanism.
The velocity flow profile of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10A is calculated mechanism 67 and is had: velocity flow profile calculating portion 70, be used for the reflecting body group's 25 of input speed data is carried out calculation process, and the velocity flow profile of the detected fluid in the Fluid Computation pipe arrangement 11 12; Middle position test section 71, be used for trying to achieve the radial direction of fluid piping 11 the center, be the middle position of fluid piping 11; Zone selection portion 72 is used for being chosen in calculating employed reflecting body group 25 during velocity flow profile with zone (hereinafter referred to as the cut zone) unit that the zone fluid piping 11 in 2 is split to form at middle position.
In addition, the velocity flow profile of 68 pairs of inputs of flow rate calculation mechanism is carried out calculation process and the flow of instrumentation detected fluid 12.Can try to achieve the flow of detected fluid 12 by the velocity flow profile of input being carried out integration at the radial direction (r direction) of fluid piping 11.The flow value that calculates is exported from flow rate calculation mechanism 68, and for example being presented at, display monitor 39 grades of computing machine 14 can show on the indication mechanism of operation result.
At this, the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge as the flow measurement of detected fluid 12 that doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10A is carried out describes by its processing procedure.
Fig. 8 is by the key diagram of treatment scheme explanation as the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge (in Fig. 8, note is made the 1st ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge) of the ultrasonic flow instrumentation method of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10A.
According to Fig. 8, the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge possesses: calculate the speed sneak into a plurality of reflecting body groups 25 in detected fluid 12, and with the reflecting body group's 25 that calculates the velocity distribution reflecting body group velocity computation processes (step S1) as 13 outputs from the Udflow unit of velocity distribution data; The velocity distribution data of reflecting body 25 to input are carried out calculation process, the velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S2～step S5) of the velocity distribution of instrumentation detected fluid 12; Further carry out calculation process and the flow measurement processing procedure (step S6～step S7) of instrumentation flow with velocity distribution to detected fluid 12.
In the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge, at first in the reflecting body group velocity computation process of step S1, Udflow unit 13 incides ultrasonic pulse in the detected fluid 12, and reception is calculated and is sneaked into the velocity distribution of the reflecting body 25 in detected fluid 12 and the velocity distribution data of output reflection body 25 from the ultrasonic echo of detected fluid 12.Then, if velocity flow profile is calculated the velocity distribution data that mechanism 67 receives the reflecting body 25 of output, then then calculate mechanism 67 and carry out velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S2～step S5) by velocity flow profile.
Velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S2～step S5) possesses: the velocity distribution data of reflecting body 25 are carried out calculation process and the velocity flow profile that calculates the middle position data of the velocity flow profile data of detected fluid 12 and fluid piping 11 is calculated step (step S2); In order to calculate that velocity flow profile that step obtains and middle position show and with the velocity flow profile data that calculate and the velocity flow profile data output step (step S3) of middle position data output on indication mechanisms such as for example display monitor 39 by velocity flow profile; With (in step S4 under the situation of YES) under the situation of the reflecting body group's 25 who carries out at needs when calculating velocity flow profile, using selection, employed reflecting body group's 25 regional given step (step S5) when the cut zone that is split to form by the middle position 2 of specifying with fluid piping 11 is chosen in and calculates velocity flow profile.
In velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure, at first calculate the middle position that calculates velocity flow profile and fluid piping 11 in the step in the velocity flow profile of step S2.The velocity flow profile calculating portion 70 of velocity distribution calculation mechanism 67 shown in Figure 7 carries out the calculating of velocity flow profile, and middle position test section 71 carries out the calculating of middle position.
Velocity flow profile calculating portion 70 also can be according to the position and the speed of each reflecting body 25, the speed of the reflecting body on the location of the reflecting body in the detected fluid 12 25 25 is calculated as flow velocity.Then, according to the velocity distribution data of input the speed of all reflecting bodys 25 is calculated as flow velocity.In addition, middle position test section 71 considers that ultrasonic echo repeatedly reflects on the wall of fluid piping 11, according to the repeatedly position of reflection of ultrasonic echo input generation ultrasonic echo, the mid-point computation of detected position is come out as the middle position of fluid piping 11.After velocity flow profile calculating portion 70 and middle position test section 71 had calculated the middle position of velocity flow profile and fluid piping 11, the velocity flow profile of step S2 was calculated step and is finished.
After the velocity flow profile of step S2 is calculated the step end, then, carry out velocity flow profile data output step, from velocity flow profile calculating portion 70 and middle position test section 71 output flow velocity distributed data and middle position data at step S3.After having exported velocity flow profile data and middle position data, the velocity flow profile data of step S3 output step finishes.At this moment, the content of two data of 35 pairs of outputs of computing processing sector of computing machine 14, be that velocity flow profile and middle position carry out calculation process, be presented on the display monitor 39.
After the velocity flow profile data output step of step S3 finished, the instrumentation person who uses doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10A to carry out flow measurement passed through to observe display monitor 39, can confirm the velocity flow profile of detected fluid 12.The instrumentation person in the velocity flow profile of having confirmed detected fluid 12, and can judge under the situation (situation of NO among the step S4) of the problems such as omission that do not have the measuring point, finish velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure.
On the other hand, under the situation of judging between 2 cut zone that are being split to form with middle position the problem that has produced difference etc. on the position of instrumentation flow velocity not, specify employed reflecting body group 25 when selecting to calculate velocity flow profile by the zone via the input mechanism 38 of computing machine 14.
Be used for carrying out the Region Segmentation of flow velocity instrumentation, be to be the benchmark cut zone (hereinafter referred to as proximal region) that is divided into ultrasonic transducer 20 1 sides and with the middle position apart from ultrasonic transducer 20 sides far away, i.e. inboard cut zone (hereinafter referred to as medial region).Employed reflecting body group's 25 cut zone is specified when calculating velocity flow profile, is undertaken by selecting proximal region, medial region and these 3 zones of overall region (proximal region and medial region).
Fig. 9 is when employed reflecting body group 25 carries out the cut zone appointment when being illustrated in the calculating velocity flow profile, is presented at the synoptic chart of an example of the velocity flow profile on the display monitor 39.
Employed reflecting body group's 25 cut zone is specified when calculating velocity flow profile, as shown in Figure 9, is undertaken by 1 in the options of for example selecting to be given by graphic user interface (GUI:Graphic UserInterface).In the example depicted in fig. 9, with respect to the Central Line 73 of expression middle position, the zone in left side is a proximal region, and the zone on right side is a medial region.
Reflecting body group 25 cut zone is specified, be by select display monitor 39 shown zones select 74 " nearside " corresponding to proximal region, corresponding to " inboard " of medial region and corresponding in " integral body " of overall region any, employed reflecting body group's 25 cut zone when selecting to calculate velocity flow profile.Thereby, in the example depicted in fig. 9, for having selected overall region.
If the instrumentation person has carried out the request (situation of YES among the step S4) of regional appointment via the input mechanism 38 of computing machine 14, then advance to step S5, in the regional given step of step S5, employed reflecting body group's 25 cut zone when regional selection portion 72 is selected to calculate velocity flow profile according to specified request.Then, regional given step advances to step S2 after finishing, and repeats the later treatment step of step S2.
In addition, the calculating of the velocity flow profile when regional specified request is arranged is to calculate in the velocity flow profile of step S2 to calculate any the velocity flow profile in zone that is chosen as in proximal region or the medial region in the step.The calculating of velocity flow profile, be according to after the velocity flow profile of roughly observing in the fluid piping 11, think distribution with middle position (pipe arrangement axle) symmetry, calculate with the distribution of middle position (pipe arrangement axle) symmetry and see as.Then, calculated velocity flow profile after, carry out the velocity flow profile data output step of step S3, the velocity flow profile that calculates is shown on display monitor 39.
Velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S2～step S5) then advances to step S6 after finishing, and flow rate calculation mechanism 68 carries out flow measurement processing procedure (step S6～step S7).The flow measurement processing procedure has flow rate calculation step (step S6) and data on flows output step (step S7).
In the flow measurement processing procedure, at first in step S6, carry out the flow rate calculation step.In the flow rate calculation step, flow rate calculation mechanism 68 is received in the velocity flow profile data of calculating in the velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure, and flow rate calculation mechanism 68 is by carrying out the flow that integration calculates detected fluid 12 to the velocity flow profile of input on the radial direction (r direction) of fluid piping 11.Then, calculated the flow of detected fluid 12 after, end step S6 then carries out data on flows output step in step S7.
In data on flows output step, will export as the flow measurement result by the flow rate calculation data that the flow rate calculation step is calculated.After having exported the flow rate calculation data from flow rate calculation mechanism 68, step S7 finishes, and the flow measurement processing procedure finishes.In addition, the flow measurement result that 35 pairs of the computing processing sectors of computing machine 14 are exported in step S7 carries out calculation process, for example shows on display monitor 39 as shown in Figure 9.
More than, according to the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10A of present embodiment, the flow measuring method of use doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10A and the flow measuring program that in this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10A, uses, even in the velocity flow profile of instrumentation, produce under the situation of deviation, the selection in the zone by accepting to be suitable for to carry out instrumentation is also carried out computing based on the velocity flow profile in selected zone, can the more accurate velocity flow profile of instrumentation.In addition, owing in flow measurement, also can carry out computing based on correct velocity flow profile, so can the more accurate flow of instrumentation.
In addition, in the present embodiment, constitute, in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 1 10, read and carry out the flow measurement PG41A that is kept in the recording mechanism 37 by computing machine 14, make as the Udflow unit 13 of hardware and computing machine 14 with as the flow measurement PG41A concerted action of software and bring into play function as doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10A, but also can be applied in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50 or the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 60, rather than in the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10.
In addition, the instrumentation result's of flow demonstration might not example as shown in Figure 9 show with velocity flow profile like that, also can constitute the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10A that only shows flow separately.
[the 5th embodiment]
Figure 10 be the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of expression the 5th embodiment of the present invention an embodiment, be the functional-block diagram of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10B.
Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10B shown in Figure 10 constitutes, in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 1 10, read and carry out the flow measurement PG41B that is kept in the recording mechanism 37 by computing machine 14, make as the Udflow unit 13 of hardware and computing machine 14 with as the flow measurement PG41B concerted action of software and bring into play function as doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter.
According to Figure 10, doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10B is with respect to doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10A, calculate the 67A of mechanism and replace velocity flow profile to calculate mechanism's 67 this point differences having velocity flow profile, and other position does not have difference, so do not omit its explanation to there being different positions to give identical mark.In addition, obtain the Udflow unit 13 and the velocity flow profile of mechanism as flow speed data and calculate the 67A of mechanism formation velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanism, Udflow unit 13, velocity flow profile calculate the 67A of mechanism and flow rate calculation mechanism 68 constitutes flow measurement mechanism, and this point in the present embodiment too.
Velocity flow profile is calculated the 67A of mechanism and is possessed velocity flow profile calculating portion 70 and middle position test section 71, and the automated regional selection portion 75 of employed reflecting body group's 25 cut zone replaces regional selection portion 72 when also having automatic selection and calculating velocity flow profile.
Figure 11 represents according to the key diagram of treatment scheme explanation as the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge (note is made the 2nd ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge in Figure 11) of the ultrasonic flow instrumentation method of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10B.
According to Figure 11, the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10B, some is different with velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure in the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10A shown in Figure 8, calculates difference on the automatic selection step this point of employed reflecting body group's 25 cut zone between step (step S2) and the velocity flow profile data output steps (step S3), when selecting to calculate velocity flow profile automatically in the velocity flow profile of velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure.
According to Figure 11, the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10B possesses: reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S11), velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S12～step S14) and flow measurement processing procedure (step S15); At first carry out reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S11), then carry out velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S12～step S14); Carry out flow measurement processing procedure (step S15) then.
In the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10B, at first carry out the reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S11) identical, then carry out velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S12～step S14) with reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S1) shown in Figure 8.
In velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S12～step S14), carry out calculating the identical velocity flow profile of step (step S2) and calculate step (step S12) with velocity flow profile shown in Figure 8, then, employed reflecting body group's 25 cut zone when the automated regional of step S13 is selected to select velocity flow profile to calculate mechanism's 67 calculating velocity flow profile in the step automatically.
When the automated regional of step S13 is selected to have selected automatically in the step to calculate velocity flow profile after employed reflecting body group's 25 the cut zone, then in step S14, carry out velocity flow profile data output step (step S14), in order for example to show on display monitor 39 indication mechanisms such as grade, velocity flow profile data that output is calculated in step S12 and step S13 and middle position data, the velocity flow profile data output step of step S14 finishes.
If the velocity flow profile data of step S14 output step finishes, then velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure finishes, and then, flow rate calculation mechanism 68 carries out flow measurement processing procedure (step S15).Flow measurement processing procedure (step S15) shown in Figure 11 is owing to being and the identical treatment step of flow measurement processing procedure shown in Figure 8 (step S6～step S7), so only illustrate briefly.
More than, according to the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10B of present embodiment, the flow measuring method of use doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10B and the flow measuring program that in this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10B, uses, even in the velocity flow profile of instrumentation, produce under the situation of deviation, be suitable for carrying out the zone of instrumentation and carry out computing by automatic selection based on the velocity flow profile in selected zone, can the more accurate velocity flow profile of instrumentation.In addition, owing in flow measurement, also can carry out computing based on correct velocity flow profile, so can the more accurate flow of instrumentation.
In addition, doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10B has equipped automated regional selection portion 75 and has replaced regional selection portion 72 in the 67A of velocity flow profile mechanism, but also can constitute regional selection portion 72 of equipment and automated regional selection portion 75.In this case, the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of having prepared manually to select and select automatically dual mode can be provided, the menu of selecting better velocity flow profile in the time can not carrying out the selection in zone, automatically can be prepared by the instrumentation person.
And then, in the present embodiment, constitute, in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 1 10, read and carry out the flow measurement PG41B that is kept in the recording mechanism 37 by computing machine 14, make as the Udflow unit 13 of hardware and computing machine 14 with as the flow measurement PG41B concerted action of software and bring into play function as doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10B; But also can be applied in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50 or the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 60, rather than in the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10.
[the 6th embodiment]
Figure 12 be the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of expression the 6th embodiment of the present invention an embodiment, be the functional-block diagram of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10C.
Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10C shown in Figure 12 constitutes, in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 1 10, read and carry out the flow measurement PG41C that is kept in the recording mechanism 37 by computing machine 14, make as the Udflow unit 13 of hardware and computing machine 14 with as the flow measurement PG41C concerted action of software and bring into play function as doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter.
According to Figure 12, doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10C possesses: Udflow unit 13, velocity flow profile is calculated mechanism 67, the optimum value calculation mechanism 77 of flow rate calculation mechanism 68 and the optimum value that automatic calculating will be adjusted to according to the variable of following measuring object.In addition, obtain the Udflow unit 13 and the velocity flow profile of mechanism as flow speed data and calculate 67 formation velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanisms of mechanism, Udflow unit 13, velocity flow profile calculate mechanism 67 and flow rate calculation mechanism 68 constitutes flow measurement mechanisms, more than this point in the present embodiment too.Optimum value calculation mechanism 77 possesses: data input part 78 is used for accepting the input of the incident angle α of inside diameter D i, the ultrasonic velocity Cw in the detected fluid 12 of fluid piping 11 and ultrasonic pulse; Peak Flow Rate calculating part 79 is used for calculating Peak Flow Rate V in the flow velocity of 67 instrumentations of velocity flow profile calculating mechanism; Normalized velocity calculating part 80 is used for calculating the normalized velocity V that the Peak Flow Rate V that will calculate obtains divided by the ultrasonic velocity Cw in the detected fluid 12 0Normalized frequency calculating part 81 is used for calculating repetition frequency f PRFDivided by oscillation frequency f 0And the normalized frequency F that obtains 0With frequency setting portion 82, be used for being set in again the normalized velocity V that calculates 0With normalized frequency F 0Between satisfy
[formula 1]
F 0〉=4V 0Sin α and f PRF≤ Cw/2Di
Oscillation frequency f 1
In doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10C, the data input part 78 of optimum value calculation mechanism 77 is accepted input with the inside diameter D i of fluid piping 11, ultrasonic velocity Cw in the detected fluid 12 and the incident angle α of ultrasonic pulse as initial value, and calculates in max-flow speed calculating part 79 by velocity flow profile and calculate Peak Flow Rate V in the flow velocity of 67 instrumentations of mechanism.
Normalized velocity calculating part 80 calculates to use by data input part 78 accepts input and ultrasonic velocity Cw in the detected fluid 12 that obtains removes the Peak Flow Rate V that Peak Flow Rate calculating part 79 calculates and the normalized velocity V that obtains 0In addition, normalized frequency calculating part 81 calculates repetition frequency f PRFDivided by oscillation frequency f 0And the normalized frequency F that obtains 0
Frequency setting portion 82 uses normalized velocity calculating part 80 to calculate normalized velocity V 0The normalized frequency F that calculates with normalized frequency calculating part 81 0, carry out oscillation frequency f 1Setting again, it is satisfied shown in the formula 1
F 0〉=4V 0Sin α and f PRF≤ Cw/2Di
Relational expression.In addition, the scope that the optimum value of formula 1 expression exists, these are tested repeatedly by the present inventor and derive.
Figure 13～Figure 15 is the key diagram that the expression present inventor tests the scope of the optimum value existence of being derived repeatedly.
Figure 13 sets normalized velocity V at transverse axis *, set normalized frequency F at the longitudinal axis *, and expression can make the key diagram in the zone of measuring optimumization and zone that can not optimumization.Promptly, derive by experiment: at F *〉=4V 0The zone of sin α, promptly among the figure in the upper left zone, can make measurement the most suitableization.
Figure 14 is at the logarithm of setting Cw/Di on the transverse axis, sets repetition frequency (f on the longitudinal axis PRF) logarithm, expression can make the key diagram in the zone of measuring optimumization and zone that can not optimumization.Promptly, derive by experiment: at f PRFThe zone of≤Cw/2Di, promptly among the figure in the zone of bottom right, can make and measure optimumization.
Figure 15 represents for the kind of representational pipe arrangement and zone thereof, can make the key diagram in the zone of measuring optimumization and zone that can not optimumization.The output shown in Figure 15 or in advance with its printing if the instrumentation person can read, the person that then can be used as the instrumentation judges whether it is that the roughly standard of the flow measurement under can the condition of optimumization is used.
At this, the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge that carries out as the flow measurement of detected fluid 12 according to processing procedure explanation doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10C.
Figure 16 is according to the key diagram of treatment scheme explanation as the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge (note is made the 3rd ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge in Figure 16) of the ultrasonic flow instrumentation method of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10C.
According to Figure 16, the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge possesses: reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S21～step S22), velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S23～step S24) is calculated basic frequency f 0, repetition frequency f PRF, and the optimum value assignment procedure (step S25) and the flow measurement processing procedure (step S26) of the optimum value of incident angle α.
Reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S21～step S22) possesses initial value obtaining step (step S21) and reflecting body group velocity calculation procedure (step S22), at first, in the initial value obtaining step of step S21, obtain the basic frequency f when measuring beginning 0, repetition frequency f PRF, and the initial value of incident angle α, then, in the reflecting body group velocity calculation procedure of step S22, ultrasonic pulse is incided in the detected fluid 12, receive ultrasonic echo and calculate the speed of sneaking into a plurality of reflecting body groups 25 in detected fluid 12, with the velocity distribution of the reflecting body 25 that calculates as 13 outputs of velocity distribution data from the Udflow unit.After reflecting body group velocity calculation procedure (step S22) finished, reflecting body group velocity computation process finished.
Reflecting body group velocity computation process is then carried out velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S23～step S24) after finishing, and at first, calculates velocity flow profile and the middle position that calculates detected fluid 12 in the step (step S23) in velocity flow profile.Then, in velocity flow profile data output steps (step S24), the velocity flow profile data and the middle position data that calculate are calculated mechanism's 67 outputs from velocity flow profile.After calculating mechanism 67 and exported velocity flow profile data and middle position data from velocity flow profile, velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure finishes.
Velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure is then carried out optimum value assignment procedure (step S25) after finishing, and optimum value calculation mechanism 77 is calculated basic frequency f 0, repetition frequency f PRF, and the optimum value of incident angle α.
Optimum value assignment procedure as the calculating of optimum value, is satisfied by setting again
F 0〉=4V 0Sin α and f PRF≤ Cw/2Di
Oscillation frequency f 1Oscillation frequency set again that step implements.Oscillation frequency f 1Setting again undertaken by optimum value calculation mechanism 77, carried out oscillation frequency f by optimum value calculation mechanism 77 1Setting again after, with the oscillation frequency f that sets again 1Carry out the flow distribution processing procedure, carry out velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure and oscillation frequency repeatedly and set step again up to becoming the frequency of suitable instrumentation.Then, if become oscillation frequency f 1, then optimum value assignment procedure (step S25) finishes.
Optimum value assignment procedure then carries out the flow measurement processing procedure after finishing in step S26.The flow measurement processing procedure of step S26 is identical with flow measurement processing procedure shown in Figure 8 (step S6～step S7).
More than, according to the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10C of present embodiment, the flow measuring method of use doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10C and the flow measuring program that in this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10C, uses, by according to the variable of following measuring object and the automatic optimum value that will adjust to of calculating of optimum value calculation mechanism 77, not needing to be used for the conjunction measuring object tries to achieve the preliminary measurement of optimum value, can reduce the time that the preparation of measuring will spend.
In addition, being input to inside diameter D i, the ultrasonic velocity Cw in the detected fluid 12 of the fluid piping 11 in the data input part 78 and the incident angle α of ultrasonic pulse both can import automatically also and can manually import.
In addition, in the present embodiment, constitute, in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 1 10, read and carry out the flow measurement PG41C that is kept in the recording mechanism 37 by computing machine 14, make as the Udflow unit 13 of hardware and computing machine 14 with as the flow measurement PG41C concerted action of software and bring into play function as doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10C; But also can be applied in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50 or the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 60, rather than in the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10.
[the 7th embodiment]
The related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50A of the 7th embodiment of the present invention constitutes, in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 3 50, read and carry out the flow measurement PG41D that is kept in the recording mechanism 37 by computing machine 14, make as the Udflow unit 13 of hardware and computing machine 14 with as the flow measurement PG41D concerted action of software and bring into play function as doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50A.
Figure 17 is the functional-block diagram of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50A of expression the 7th embodiment of the present invention.
Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50A possesses: be provided with the Udflow unit 13 that incident angle is regulated set mechanism 51, velocity flow profile is calculated mechanism 67, the optimum value calculation mechanism 77A of flow rate calculation mechanism 68 and the optimum value that automatic calculating will be adjusted to according to the variable of following measuring object.In addition, obtain the Udflow unit 13 and the velocity flow profile of mechanism as flow speed data and calculate 67 formation velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanisms of mechanism, Udflow unit 13, velocity flow profile calculate mechanism 67 and flow rate calculation mechanism 68 constitutes flow measurement mechanisms, more than this point in the present embodiment too.
Optimum value calculation mechanism 77A possesses: data input part 78, Peak Flow Rate calculating part 79, normalized velocity calculating part 80, normalized frequency calculating part 81 and be used for being set in again the normalized velocity V that calculates 0With normalized frequency F 0Between satisfy the relational expression of formula 1
F 0〉=4V 0Sin α and f PRFThe incident angle configuration part 84 of the incident angle α 1 of≤Cw/2Di.
In doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50A, the data input part 78 of optimum value calculation mechanism 77 is accepted input with the inside diameter D i of fluid piping 11, ultrasonic velocity Cw in the detected fluid 12 and the incident angle α of ultrasonic pulse as initial value, and calculates in Peak Flow Rate calculating part 79 by the Peak Flow Rate V in the flow velocity of 67 instrumentations of velocity distribution calculation mechanism.
Normalized velocity calculating part 80 calculates to use by data input part 78 accepts input and ultrasonic velocity Cw in the detected fluid 12 that obtains removes the Peak Flow Rate V that Peak Flow Rate calculating part 79 calculates and the normalized velocity V that obtains 0In addition, normalized frequency calculating part 81 calculates repetition frequency f PRFDivided by oscillation frequency f 0And the normalized frequency F that obtains 0
Incident angle configuration part 84 uses normalized velocity calculating part 80 to calculate normalized velocity V 0The normalized frequency F that calculates with normalized frequency calculating part 81 0, carry out incident angle α 1Setting again, it is satisfied shown in the formula 1
F 0〉=4V 0Sin α and f PRF≤ Cw/2Di
Relational expression.In addition, the scope that the optimum value shown in formula 1 expression Figure 13～Figure 15 exists, these are tested repeatedly by the present inventor and derive.
Figure 18 is according to the key diagram of treatment scheme explanation as the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge (note is made the 4th ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge in Figure 18) of the ultrasonic flow instrumentation method of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50A.
According to Figure 18, the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge possesses: reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S31～step S32), velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S33～step S34) is calculated basic frequency f 0, repetition frequency f PRF, and the optimum value assignment procedure (step S35) and the flow measurement processing procedure (step S36) of the optimum value of incident angle α.
Reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S31～step S32) possesses initial value obtaining step (step S31) and reflecting body group velocity calculation procedure (step S32), at first, in the initial value obtaining step of step S31, obtain the basic frequency f when measuring beginning 0, repetition frequency f PRF, and the initial value of incident angle α, then, in the reflecting body group velocity calculation procedure of step S32, calculate the speed of sneaking into a plurality of reflecting body groups 25 in detected fluid 12, with the velocity distribution of the reflecting body 25 that calculates as 13 outputs of velocity distribution data from the Udflow unit.
Then calculate velocity flow profile and the middle position that calculates detected fluid 12 in the step (step S33), in velocity flow profile data output steps (step S34), the velocity flow profile data and the middle position data that calculate are calculated mechanism's 67 outputs from velocity flow profile in the velocity flow profile of velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S33～step S34).After having exported velocity flow profile data and middle position data, velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure finishes.
Velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure is then carried out optimum value assignment procedure (step S35) after finishing, and optimum value calculation mechanism 77A calculates basic frequency f 0, repetition frequency f PRF, and the optimum value of incident angle α.
Optimum value assignment procedure as the calculating of optimum value, is satisfied by setting again
F 0〉=4V 0Sin α and f PRF≤ Cw/2Di
The incident angle of incident angle α 1 set again that step implements.The setting again of incident angle α 1 is undertaken by optimum value calculation mechanism 77A, has carried out the setting again of incident angle α 1 by optimum value calculation mechanism 77A, be set at only incident angle α 1 after, optimum value assignment procedure (step S35) finishes.
Optimum value assignment procedure then carries out the flow measurement processing procedure after finishing in step S36.The flow measurement processing procedure is identical with flow measurement processing procedure (step S6～step S7) shown in Figure 8.
More than, according to the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50A of present embodiment, the flow measuring method of use doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50A and the flow measuring program that in this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50A, uses, by according to the variable of following measuring object and the automatic optimum value that will adjust to of calculating of optimum value calculation mechanism 77A, not needing to be used for the conjunction measuring object tries to achieve the preliminary measurement of optimum value, can reduce the time that the preparation of measuring will spend.
In addition, being input to inside diameter D i, the ultrasonic velocity Cw in the detected fluid 12 of the fluid piping 11 in the data input part 78 and the incident angle α of ultrasonic pulse both can import automatically also and can manually import.
In addition, optimum value calculation mechanism 77A constitutes, and possesses: data input part 78, Peak Flow Rate calculating part 79, normalized velocity calculating part 80, normalized frequency calculating part 81, with incident angle configuration part 84, but also can have both the frequency setting portion 82 that is had in the optimum value calculation mechanism 77.
And then, in the present embodiment, constitute, in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 3 50, read and carry out the flow measurement PG41D that is kept in the recording mechanism 37 by computing machine 14, make as the Udflow unit 13 of hardware and computing machine 14 with as the flow measurement PG41D concerted action of software and bring into play function as doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50A; But also can be applied in the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 60, rather than in the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50.
[the 8th embodiment]
Figure 19 is the functional-block diagram of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10D of expression the 8th embodiment of the present invention.
Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10D shown in Figure 19 constitutes, in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 1 10, read and carry out the flow measurement PG41E that is kept in the recording mechanism 37 by computing machine 14, make as the Udflow unit 13 of hardware and computing machine 14 with as the flow measurement PG41E concerted action of software and bring into play function as doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter.
According to Figure 19, doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10D possesses: Udflow unit 13, velocity flow profile is calculated mechanism 67, flow rate calculation mechanism 68, channel distance arithmetical organ 87 according to the frequency and the speed computing smallest passage distance of ultrasonic pulse, but but change determination means 89 according to the instrumentation scope indication mechanism 88 of smallest passage distance operation instrumentation scope that is calculated and demonstration and the channel distance that whether makes the smallest passage distance become the change decision of integral multiple.
Channel distance arithmetical organ 87 is according to the frequency and the speed computing smallest passage distance of ultrasonic pulse.But but the scope of the smallest passage distance operation instrumentation that instrumentation scope indication mechanism 88 calculates according to channel distance arithmetical organ 87, and on indication mechanisms such as for example display monitor 39, show.Whether whether channel distance change determination means 89 accepts to make the smallest passage distance to become the input of the change decision of integral multiple, is having under the situation of input, make the smallest passage distance become the change decision of integral multiple according to the input content.
The higher limit of channel distance change determination means 89 modifiable channel distances is and at repetition period (=1/f PRF) in, the ultrasound wave of incident by the tube wall reflection of fluid piping 11, and the pipe arrangement of fluid piping 11 when just in time returning directly equate.If consider this point, then can be by repetition frequency f PRFSetting value change the higher limit of modifiable channel distance.In addition, if consider repetition frequency f PRFMinimum set freely and ultrasonic velocity Cw the detected fluid 12 is the magnitude of 1000m/s, even also abundant correspondence of the maximum pipe arrangement footpath of the current conditions fluid piping 11 that can access down then from the magnitude of 1Hz.
Figure 20 is according to the key diagram of treatment scheme explanation as the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge (note is made the 5th ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge in Figure 20) of the ultrasonic flow instrumentation method of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10D.
According to Figure 20, the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge that ultrasonic flow meter 10D is carried out possesses: reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S41), velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S42), channel distance calculating process (step S43), but instrumentation scope procedure for displaying (step S44～step S46), channel distance change process (step S47) and flow measurement processing procedure (step S48).
Reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S41) is and the identical process of reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S1) shown in Figure 8, Udflow unit 13 calculates the speed of sneaking into a plurality of reflecting body groups 25 in detected fluid 12, with the velocity distribution of the reflecting body 25 that calculates as 13 outputs of velocity distribution data from the Udflow unit.In addition, the frequency f of the ultrasonic pulse that required vibration produces in the computing of Udflow unit 13 with channel distance calculating process (step S43) 0And the data of speed Cw output.Reflecting body group velocity computation process is then carried out velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S42) after finishing.
In the velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure of step S42, carry out velocity flow profile and calculate step (step S42), velocity flow profile is calculated the velocity distribution data of 67 pairs of reflecting bodys 25 of mechanism and is carried out calculation process, calculates the velocity flow profile data of detected fluid 12 and the middle position data of fluid piping 11.After having calculated the middle position data of the velocity flow profile data of detected fluid 12 and fluid piping 11, velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S42) finishes, and then carries out channel distance calculating process (step S43).
In the channel distance calculating process of step S43, the frequency f of the ultrasonic pulse of channel distance arithmetical organ 87 during according to instrumentation 0And ultrasonic velocity C wComputing smallest passage distance.Calculate after the smallest passage distance, the channel distance calculating process finishes, but then carries out instrumentation scope procedure for displaying (step S44～S46).
But instrumentation scope procedure for displaying (step S44～S46) comprising: but but the instrumentation range arithmetic step (step S44) of the smallest passage distance operation instrumentation scope that calculates according to channel distance arithmetical organ 87, but but but the instrumentation scope step display (step S45) that the data of the instrumentation scope that will calculate in instrumentation range arithmetic step show on display monitor 39 indication mechanisms such as grade and confirm that on indication mechanisms such as display monitor 39 whether stand in channel is confirmed step (step S46) apart from the channel distance change decision of change decision.
But in instrumentation scope procedure for displaying (step S44～step S46), but at first in the instrumentation range arithmetic step of step S44, but but instrumentation scope indication mechanism 88 carries out the calculating of instrumentation scope, then, get final product in the instrumentation scope step display at step S45, but but the data of instrumentation scope indication mechanism 88 output instrumentation scopes, but but the computing processing sector 35 of computing machine 14 will be presented on the display monitor 39 from the instrumentation scope of instrumentation scope indication mechanism 88 outputs.
But Figure 21 is after generally being shown in instrumentation scope step display, the key diagram of an example of picture displayed on display monitor 39.
According to an example shown in Figure 21, but show instrumentation scope 91 on the top of velocity flow profile display part 92, but but make the instrumentation person can distinguish the instrumentation scope by observing instrumentation scope 91.
In addition, in Figure 21, only illustrate the required minimal display part of explanation, certainly append the frequency that shows current ultrasonic pulse, ultrasonic velocity etc. as required.
In addition, but on display monitor 39, show in the instrumentation scope 91, carry out the channel distance change decision of step S46 and confirm step, with confirm whether to carry out channel distance change decision purpose demonstration (confirming to show) hereinafter referred to as channel distance change decision but 93 on display monitor 39, show with instrumentation scope 91.But with instrumentation scope and channel distance change decision confirm to be presented at show on the display monitor 39 after, but instrumentation scope procedure for displaying (step S44～step S46) finishes.
Channel distance change decision at step S46 is confirmed in the step, the instrumentation person observes the smallest passage that shows and confirms to show apart from the change decision on display monitor 39, especially under the situation that is judged as the change that does not need to carry out the smallest passage distance (in step S46 under the situation of NO) then carries out flow measurement processing procedure (step S48).This flow measurement processing procedure (step S48) is and the identical treatment step of flow measurement processing procedure shown in Figure 8 (step S6～step S7).After the flow measurement processing procedure of step S48 finished, the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge finished.
On the other hand, channel distance change decision at step S46 is confirmed in the step, the instrumentation person observes the smallest passage that shows and confirms to show apart from the change decision on display monitor 39, (being under the situation of YES) under the situation that is judged as the change that to carry out channel distance, then carry out channel distance change process (step S47) in step S46.
In channel distance change process, passage change determination means 89 makes the smallest passage distance become integral multiple according to the content of input, carries out the change of channel distance.For example import when making smallest passage distance become 2 times purpose request, channel distance becomes 2 times.
The change of channel distance as shown in figure 21, carry out as follows: for example GUI is provided, select (clicking operation) up and down pointer key 95 in the side demonstration of channel distance change window 94 from input mechanism 38 inputs of computer port 14 in the value of the channel distance change window 94 of display monitor 39 demonstrations or from input mechanism 38 inputs of computing machine 14 by the instrumentation person, make channel distance rise, descend with the integral multiple of smallest passage distance.Above-mentioned when making smallest passage distance become 2 times, be 2 to carry out by the value that channel distance is changed window 94.
Make smallest passage apart from after becoming integral multiple in channel distance change determination means 89 according to the numerical value that is input in the channel distance change window 94, channel distance change process (step S47) finishes, then advance to step S42, carry out the later processing procedure of step S42.
At this, based on making channel distance become integral multiple and actual measurement the result estimate the measuring accuracy of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10D, the result who estimates is illustrated below.
(evaluation of the instrumentation error during the channel distance change)
The 1st measures and to carry out as follows: in the fluid piping 11 of internal diameter 150mm, making sample frequency is 1MHz, and as detected fluid 12, making channel distance is 2 times of smallest passage distance, carries out flow measurement with water.
Because, if being 1MHz, detected fluid 12, sample frequency is water, then ultrasonic velocity is 1480m/s, so the smallest passage distance is about 0.75mm.In addition, because the port number of the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10D that uses in this instrumentation is 128, so but the instrumentation degree of depth (distance) is 128 * 0.75mm=96mm.Thereby as can be known, needing to make channel distance at least is more than 2 times of smallest passage distance.
In the 1st measured, doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10D was for constituting required the counting of velocity flow profile, for 100 points in employed 128 (=150mm/1.5mm).
Then, the 2nd measures and to carry out as follows: in the fluid piping 11 of internal diameter 150mm, making sample frequency is 1MHz, and as detected fluid 12, making channel distance is 3 times of smallest passage distance, carries out flow measurement with water.
In the 2nd measured, channel distance was 3 times of smallest passage distance, i.e. 0.75 * 3=2.25mm, but the instrumentation degree of depth (distance) is 128 * 2.25mm=288mm.In addition, in the 2nd measured, doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10D was for constituting required the counting of velocity flow profile, for 67 points in employed 128 (=150mm/2.25mm).
Then, the 3rd to measure be to reduce instrumentation point and count with several instrumentations and to carry out instrumentation and test.By the 3rd result who measures as can be known, though instrumentation count to only about half of, also can be to carry out instrumentation much smaller than 1% high precision with the error of true value.
Can confirm by above, do not need to adopt the countermeasure as studying in the past, promptly the position by can receiving ultrasonic echo is increased to the countermeasure that 256 places or 512 places wait corresponding thicker pipe arrangement or are used for improving precision from present 128, also can access enough instrumentation performances.
Particularly, can confirm, receive ultrasonic echo at 128 places and calculate the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of velocity flow profile with maximum, can with the high precision of instrumentation error much smaller than 1% (is 0.0056% when being 3 times of smallest passage distance at channel distance) instrumentation from internal diameter surpass the such thicker pipe arrangement of 280mm, to the pipe arrangement footpath of the thinner pipe arrangement below the 100mm.
More than, according to the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10D of present embodiment, the flow measuring method of use doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10D and the flow measuring program that in this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10D, uses, but the caliber of the fluid piping that is flow through according to the instrumentation scope and the detected fluid that go out by the smallest passage distance calculation, if desired, but the instrumentation person can carry out the computing of velocity flow profile on the basis of this instrumentation scope of change, but therefore can enlarge the instrumentation scope.
In addition, in the present embodiment, constitute, in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 1 10, read and carry out the flow measurement PG41E that is kept in the recording mechanism 37 by computing machine 14, make as the Udflow unit 13 of hardware and computing machine 14 with as the flow measurement PG41E concerted action of software and bring into play function as doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10D; But also can be applied in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50 or the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 60, rather than in the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10.
In addition, the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10D that has adopted the smallest passage distance that makes the decision measurement range to become the thought of this instrumentation of integral multiple and computing aspect and realized, the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that the instrumentation position is made as 128 places when having illustrated application with embodiment etc., but the present invention is an essence with the technological thought of the equal effect of performance on apparent and the position doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that can increase and decrease instrumentation, does not get rid of the prior doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that 128 places at instrumentation position are physically increased.
[the 9th embodiment]
Figure 22 is the functional-block diagram of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10E of expression the 9th embodiment of the present invention.
Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10E shown in Figure 22 constitutes, in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 1 10, read and carry out the flow measurement PG41F that is kept in the recording mechanism 37 by computing machine 14, make as the Udflow unit 13 of hardware and computing machine 14 with as the flow measurement PG41F concerted action of software and bring into play function as doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter.
According to Figure 22, doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10E, with respect to doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10D shown in Figure 19, automatically change determination means 97 and replace channel distance change determination means 89 this point differences possessing channel distance, and others do not have difference, so do not omit its explanation to there being different positions to pay identical mark.In addition, obtain the Udflow unit 13 and the velocity flow profile of mechanism as flow speed data and calculate 67 formation velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanisms of mechanism, Udflow unit 13, velocity flow profile calculate mechanism 67 and flow rate calculation mechanism 68 constitutes flow measurement mechanisms, more than this point in the present embodiment too.
Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10E possesses: Udflow unit 13, velocity flow profile is calculated mechanism 67, flow rate calculation mechanism 68, channel distance arithmetical organ 87, but instrumentation scope indication mechanism 88 and the channel distance that automatically whether makes the smallest passage distance become the change decision of integral multiple change determination means 97 automatically.Whether channel distance changes pipe arrangement footpath and the largest passages number of determination means 97 according to smallest passage distance, fluid piping 11 automatically, automatically make the smallest passage distance become the change decision of integral multiple.
Figure 23 is according to the key diagram of treatment scheme explanation as the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge (note is made the 6th ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge in Figure 23) of the ultrasonic flow instrumentation method of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10E.
According to Figure 23, the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge that ultrasonic flow meter 10E is carried out possesses: reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S51), velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S52), channel distance calculating process (step S53), but instrumentation range computation process (step S54～step S55), procedure for displaying such as flow distribution (step S56), flow measurement processing procedure (step S57) and channel distance change process (step S58).
Reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S51) is and the identical process of reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S41) shown in Figure 20, Udflow unit 13 calculates the speed of sneaking into a plurality of reflecting body groups 25 in detected fluid 12, the frequency f of the ultrasonic pulse that the velocity distribution of the reflecting body 25 that calculates is produced as velocity distribution data and vibration 0And the data of speed Cw 13 outputs from the Udflow unit together.Reflecting body group velocity computation process is then carried out velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S52) after finishing.
In the velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure of step S52, carry out velocity flow profile and calculate step (step S52), velocity flow profile is calculated the velocity distribution data of 67 pairs of reflecting bodys 25 of mechanism and is carried out calculation process, calculates the velocity flow profile data of detected fluid 12 and the middle position data of fluid piping 11.After having calculated the middle position data of the velocity flow profile data of detected fluid 12 and fluid piping 11, velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S52) finishes, and then carries out channel distance calculating process (step S53).
In the channel distance calculating process of step S53, the frequency f of the ultrasonic pulse of channel distance arithmetical organ 87 during according to instrumentation 0And ultrasonic velocity Cw computing smallest passage distance.Computing after the smallest passage distance, the channel distance calculating process finishes, but then carries out instrumentation range computation process (step S54～step S55).
But instrumentation range computation process (step S54～step S55) comprising: but but channel distance arithmetical organ 87 according to the instrumentation range arithmetic step (step S54) of the smallest passage distance operation instrumentation scope that calculates with judge whether to carry out the channel distance change determining step (step S55) of the change of channel distance.
But in instrumentation range computation process (step S54～step S55), but at first in the instrumentation range arithmetic step of step S54, but but instrumentation scope indication mechanism 88 carries out the calculating of instrumentation scope, then, in the channel distance change determining step of step S55, but but channel distance changes determination means 97 automatically according to the instrumentation scope that is calculated by instrumentation scope indication mechanism 88 and the pipe arrangement footpath of carrying out instrumentation, judges whether to carry out the change of channel distance.
Then, in channel distance change determining step, channel distance changes determination means 97 automatically and is judged as under the situation (being the situation of NO in step S55) that does not need to carry out the channel distance change, then carry out procedure for displaying (step S56) such as velocity flow profile, but the velocity flow profile and the instrumentation scope of detected fluid 12 shown on display monitor 39.
But reach the instrumentation scope after showing on the display monitor 39 in the velocity flow profile with detected fluid 12, procedure for displaying such as velocity flow profile (step S56) finish, and then carry out flow measurement process (step S57).This flow measurement process (step S57) is and the identical treatment step of flow measurement processing procedure shown in Figure 8 (step S6～step S7).Then, after the flow measurement processing procedure of step S57 finished, the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge finished.
On the other hand, in channel distance change determining step, channel distance changes determination means 97 judgements automatically need carry out under the situation (being the situation of YES in step S55) of the change of channel distance, carries out the channel distance change process (step S58) of alternate channel distance.
Channel distance change process (step S58) is and the identical processing procedure of channel distance shown in Figure 20 change process (step S47) that channel distance changes determination means 97 automatically makes the smallest passage distance become integral multiple, carries out the change of channel distance.Channel distance change process is then returned step S52 after finishing, and carries out the later processing procedure of step S52.
More than, the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10E related according to present embodiment, use the flow measuring method of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10E and the flow measuring program that in this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10E, uses, but channel distance changes determination means 97 automatically according to the instrumentation scope that is gone out by the smallest passage distance calculation, the caliber of the fluid piping that is flow through with detected fluid, judge the necessity of channel distance change, if desired, but then channel distance change determination means 97 automatically and can on the basis of changing this instrumentation scope automatically, calculate velocity flow profile.
Thereby the situation that reaches the flow measuring program that uses with the flow measuring method of using doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10D, use doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10D in this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10D is identical, but can enlarge the instrumentation scope.In addition, but the instrumentation error when having enlarged the instrumentation scope can be carried out instrumentation with high precision also much smaller than 1%.
In addition, in the present embodiment, constitute, in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 1 10, read and carry out the flow measurement PG41F that is kept in the recording mechanism 37 by computing machine 14, make as the Udflow unit 13 of hardware and computing machine 14 with as the flow measurement PG41F concerted action of software and bring into play function as doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10E; But also can be applied in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50 or the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 60, rather than in the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10.
In addition, doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10E possesses channel distance and changes determination means 97 automatically and replace channel distance change determination means 89, possesses channel distance change determination means 89 and channel distance changes determination means 97 automatically but also can constitute.At this moment, the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of having prepared the dual mode manually selecting and select automatically by the instrumentation person can be provided, the menu of the channel distance that is more suitable for instrumentation can be prepared to change under the situation of not carrying out channel distance change decision, automatically.
[the 10th embodiment]
Figure 24 is the functional-block diagram of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10F of expression the 10th embodiment of the present invention.
Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10F shown in Figure 24 constitutes, in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 1 10, read and carry out the flow measurement PG41G that is kept in the recording mechanism 37 by computing machine 14, make as the Udflow unit 13 of hardware and computing machine 14 with as the flow measurement PG41G concerted action of software and bring into play function as doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter.
According to Figure 24, doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10F possesses: Udflow unit 13, velocity flow profile is calculated mechanism 67, flow rate calculation mechanism 68, with with the velocity flow profile output mechanism 99 of the velocity flow profile that concerns picture output detected fluid 12 of the range direction of slotted line ML, with velocity flow profile to the output of velocity flow profile output mechanism 99 pictures, be the flow velocity indication mechanism at zero point 100 that shows continuously of zero point with flow velocity and make the measurement range (hereinafter referred to as flow velocity instrumentation scope) of positive flow velocity become 2 times flow velocity instrumentation scope switching mechanism 101 velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanism.
In addition, obtain the Udflow unit 13 and the velocity flow profile of mechanism as flow speed data and calculate 67 formation velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanisms of mechanism, Udflow unit 13, velocity flow profile calculate mechanism 67 and flow rate calculation mechanism 68 constitutes flow measurement mechanisms, more than this point in the present embodiment too.
Velocity flow profile output mechanism 99 is according to the velocity flow profile data of calculating the detected fluid 12 of mechanism's 67 outputs from velocity flow profile, is presented on the display monitor 39 according to the relation with the range direction of slotted line ML.The flow velocity zero line that to represent flow velocity zero point in the velocity flow profile of flow velocity indication mechanism at zero point 100 on being shown in display monitor 39 is superimposed upon on the velocity flow profile and shows.
Flow velocity instrumentation scope switching mechanism 101, by in the instrumentation of velocity flow profile or flow, ignoring negative flow velocity and only adopt positive flow velocity with respect to velocity flow profile output mechanism 99, making no longer needs positive and negative information, so the quantity of information of unwanted part can be used in fluid-velocity survey, can it be 2 times with positive flow velocity instrumentation expanded range.
Figure 25 represents that the velocity flow profile output mechanism 99 of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10E will calculate the velocity flow profile data of the detected fluid 12 of mechanism 67 output from velocity flow profile, is presented at an example of the display frame on the display monitor 39 according to the relation with the range direction of slotted line ML.
In addition, Figure 25 (A) expression flow velocity instrumentation scope switching mechanism 101 switches to state before 2 times with the instrumentation scope of positive flow velocity, be so-called common situation, Figure 25 (B) expression flow velocity instrumentation scope switching mechanism 101 switches to situation after 2 times with the instrumentation scope of positive flow velocity.
According to Figure 25 (A), velocity flow profile concentrates on upside (flow velocity forward) with respect to flow velocity zero line 103, and in addition, on the position of the part in pipe arrangement 11, but flow velocity has surpassed the instrumentation scope.In this case, if select " just " of (click) flow rates switching 104, from just switching to usually, then flow velocity instrumentation scope switching mechanism 101 switches to 2 times with the flow velocity instrumentation scope of positive flow velocity.
If the flow velocity instrumentation scope of positive flow velocity is switched to 2 times, then shown in Figure 25 (B), flow velocity zero line 103 is overlapping with transverse axis, and the zone that shows negative flow velocity disappears and positive region becomes 2 times.In addition, in the example shown in Figure 25 (B), by flow velocity instrumentation scope is switched to 2 times, can instrumentation pipe arrangement 11 in the flow velocity of all positions.
Figure 26 is by the key diagram of treatment scheme explanation as the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge (in Figure 26, note is made the 7th ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge) of the ultrasonic flow instrumentation method of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10F.
According to Figure 26, the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge that doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10F is carried out comprises: reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S61), velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S62), with the velocity flow profile of detected fluid 12 according to the velocity flow profile output procedure (step S63) that concerns picture output of the range direction of slotted line ML, with the flow velocity zero line procedure for displaying (step S64) of flow velocity zero line 103 with the overlapping demonstration of velocity flow profile of the output of picture in the velocity flow profile output procedure, the flow velocity instrumentation scope that the switching of whether carrying out flow velocity instrumentation scope is confirmed is switched affirmation process (step S65), flow measurement processing procedure (step S66) and be 2 times flow velocity instrumentation scope handoff procedure (step S67) with the flow velocity instrumentation expanded range of positive flow velocity.
At first, reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S61) is and the identical process of reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S1) shown in Figure 8.Reflecting body group velocity computation process (S61) is then carried out velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S62) after finishing.
In velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S62), carry out and the identical processing of velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S2) shown in Figure 8.After velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S52) finishes, then carry out velocity flow profile output procedure (step S63), velocity flow profile output mechanism 99 is as shown in figure 25 according to outputing on the display monitor 39 with the relation of the range direction of the slotted line ML velocity flow profile picture with detected fluid 12.
The velocity flow profile output procedure is then carried out flow velocity zero line procedure for displaying (step S64) after finishing, and flow velocity indication mechanism at zero point 100 is with the velocity flow profile overlapping demonstration of flow velocity zero line 103 with the output of picture in the velocity flow profile output procedure.After flow velocity zero line procedure for displaying (step S64) finishes, then carry out flow velocity instrumentation scope and switch affirmation process (step S65), whether flow velocity instrumentation scope switching mechanism 101 will carry out flow rates switches in and shows on the display monitor 39 and confirm.
The instrumentation person observes the demonstration of display monitor 39, judges whether to carry out flow rates and switches, and whether carries out flow rates from input mechanism 38 inputs of computing machine 14 and switches.Imported via input mechanism 38 at flow velocity instrumentation scope switching mechanism 101 under the situation (in step S65, being the situation of NO) of the purpose of not carrying out the flow rates switching, then carried out flow measurement processing procedure (step S66).Flow measurement processing procedure (step S66) is and the identical treatment step of flow measurement processing procedure shown in Figure 8 (step S6～step S7).Then, after the flow measurement processing procedure of step S66 finished, the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge finished.
On the other hand, imported via input mechanism 38 at flow velocity instrumentation scope switching mechanism 101 under the situation (in step S65, being the situation of YES) of the purpose request of carrying out the flow rates switching, then carried out flow measurement scope handoff procedure (step S67).In flow measurement scope handoff procedure (step S67), flow velocity instrumentation scope switching mechanism 101 switches to 2 times with the flow velocity instrumentation scope of positive flow velocity.Flow velocity instrumentation scope handoff procedure advances to step S65 after finishing, and carries out the later processing procedure of step S65.
More than, according to the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10F of present embodiment, use the flow measuring method of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10F and the flow measuring program that in this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10F, uses, but but can be as required with the instrumentation scope of the flow velocity of instrumentation, be that flow velocity instrumentation expanded range is 2 times.
In addition, the flow velocity instrumentation scope switching mechanism 101 of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10F is becoming 2 times with flow velocity instrumentation expanded range in positive flow rates, but can certainly be in negative flow rates be 2 times with flow velocity instrumentation expanded range.In negative flow rates be under 2 times the situation, as long as select flow rates shown in Figure 25 to switch 104 " with flow velocity instrumentation expanded range
In addition, in the present embodiment, constitute, in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 1 10, read and carry out the flow measurement PG41G that is kept in the recording mechanism 37 by computing machine 14, make as the Udflow unit 13 of hardware and computing machine 14 with as the flow measurement PG41G concerted action of software and bring into play function as doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10F; But also can be applied in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50 or the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 60, rather than in the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10.
[the 11st embodiment]
Figure 27 is the functional-block diagram of the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10G of expression the 11st embodiment of the present invention.
Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10G shown in Figure 27 constitutes, in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 1 10, read and carry out the flow measurement PG41H that is kept in the recording mechanism 37 by computing machine 14, make as the Udflow unit 13 of hardware and computing machine 14 with as the flow measurement PG41H concerted action of software and bring into play function as doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter.
According to Figure 27, doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10G is with respect to doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10F shown in Figure 24, possess and be used for judging the positive and negative decision mechanism 106 that in the velocity flow profile of the detected fluid 12 that is calculated, whether has negative flow speed value and velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanism switched to 2 times flow rates mechanism for automatically switching 107 with the flow velocity instrumentation scope of positive flow velocity not being judged as when having negative value, replace flow velocity instrumentation scope switching mechanism 101.
In addition, obtain the Udflow unit 13 and the velocity flow profile of mechanism as flow speed data and calculate 67 formation velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanisms of mechanism, Udflow unit 13, velocity flow profile calculate mechanism 67 and flow rate calculation mechanism 68 constitutes flow measurement mechanisms, more than this point in the present embodiment too.
Whether the velocity flow profile of the detected fluid 12 that 106 pairs of flow velocity distributed computers of positive and negative decision mechanism structure 67 is calculated exists the judgement of negative flow speed value.Flow rates mechanism for automatically switching 107 is judged as under the situation that does not have negative flow speed value at positive and negative decision mechanism 106, can't help the affirmation whether the instrumentation person switch flow velocity instrumentation scope, and automatically the flow velocity instrumentation scope of positive flow velocity is switched to 2 times.
Figure 28 is by the key diagram of treatment scheme explanation as the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge (in Figure 28, note is made the 8th ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge) of the ultrasonic flow instrumentation method of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10G.
According to Figure 28, the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge that doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10G is carried out comprises: reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S71), velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S72), judge whether to carry out the flow rates switching judging process (step S73～step S74) of the switching of flow velocity instrumentation scope, velocity flow profile output procedure (step S75), flow velocity zero line procedure for displaying (step S76), flow measurement processing procedure (step S77) and flow velocity instrumentation scope handoff procedure (step S78).
In the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge that doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10G is carried out, at first, carry out reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S71) and velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S72).Reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S71) and velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S72) are and reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S61) shown in Figure 26 and the identical processing procedure of velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S62).
Reflecting body group velocity computation process (step S71) and velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure (step S72) are then carried out flow rates switching judging process (step S73) after finishing, and positive and negative decision mechanism 106 judges whether to carry out the switching of flow velocity instrumentation scope.
In flow rates switching judging process (step S73), the velocity flow profile of the detected fluid 12 that 106 pairs of flow velocity distributed computers of positive and negative decision mechanism structure 67 is calculated judges whether to exist negative flow speed value, judging under the situation (in step S73, being the situation of NO) that has negative flow speed value, do not carry out the switching of flow velocity instrumentation scope, but then carry out velocity flow profile output procedure (step S74), flow velocity zero line procedure for displaying (step S75) and flow measurement processing procedure (step S76).
Velocity flow profile output procedure (step S74), flow velocity zero line procedure for displaying (step S75) and flow measurement processing procedure (step S76) are identical with velocity flow profile output procedure (step S63), flow velocity zero line procedure for displaying (step S64) and flow measurement processing procedure (step S66) shown in Figure 26.Then, after velocity flow profile output procedure (step S74), flow velocity zero line procedure for displaying (step S75) and flow measurement processing procedure (step S76) finished, the ultrasonic flow meter flow gauge that doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10G carries out finished.
On the other hand, in flow rates switching judging process (step S73), under the situation that does not have negative flow speed value (being the situation of YES in step S73), positive and negative decision mechanism 106 is to the switching of flow rates mechanism for automatically switching 107 request flow velocity instrumentation scopes.Then, advance to step S77, in step S77, carry out flow velocity instrumentation scope handoff procedure.
The flow velocity instrumentation scope handoff procedure of step S77 is identical with flow velocity instrumentation scope handoff procedure (step S67) shown in Figure 26, and flow rates mechanism for automatically switching 107 switches to 2 times with the flow velocity instrumentation scope of positive flow velocity in the flow velocity instrumentation scope handoff procedure of this step S77.Flow velocity instrumentation scope handoff procedure (step S77) advances to step S72, the processing procedure that execution in step S72 is later after finishing.
More than, according to the related doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10G of present embodiment, use the flow measuring method of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10G and the flow measuring program that in this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10G, uses, but but can be as required with the instrumentation scope of the flow velocity of instrumentation, be that flow velocity instrumentation expanded range is 2 times.
In addition, the flow rates mechanism for automatically switching 107 of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10G is becoming 2 times with flow velocity instrumentation expanded range in positive flow rates, but can certainly be in negative flow rates be 2 times with flow velocity instrumentation expanded range.In negative flow rates be under 2 times the situation with flow velocity instrumentation expanded range, as long as positive and negative decision mechanism 106 is constituted, to 107 requests of flow rates mechanism for automatically switching, so that it be judged as do not exist on the occasion of the time will bear flow velocity the instrumentation scope switch to 2 times, even, can be 2 times also then with flow velocity instrumentation expanded range for the flow velocity of adverse current.
In addition, in the present embodiment, constitute, in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter shown in Figure 1 10, read and carry out the flow measurement PG41H that is kept in the recording mechanism 37 by computing machine 14, make as the Udflow unit 13 of hardware and computing machine 14 with as the flow measurement PG41H concerted action of software and bring into play function as doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10G; But also can be applied in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 50 or the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 60, rather than in the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10.
And then doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10G possesses flow rates mechanism for automatically switching 107 and replaces flow velocity instrumentation scope switching mechanism 101, but also can constitute, and possesses flow velocity instrumentation scope switching mechanism 101 and flow rates mechanism for automatically switching 107 simultaneously.At this moment, can provide the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10G that has prepared by instrumentation person manual switchover and automatic switchover dual mode.
Moreover, if will only possess the situation of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10G of flow rates mechanism for automatically switching 107 and the situation that possesses the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10G of flow velocity instrumentation scope switching mechanism 101 and flow rates mechanism for automatically switching 107 simultaneously compares, then possess at the same time under the situation of doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10G of flow velocity instrumentation scope switching mechanism 101 and flow rates mechanism for automatically switching 107, do not plan the switching of the flow velocity instrumentation scope of carrying out even carried out the instrumentation person by mechanism for automatically switching 107, also can carry out manual switchover, so more convenient on utilizing.
In addition, doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter involved in the present invention, in any embodiment, can not only bring into play as at instrumentation after the velocity flow profile of detected fluid 12, be used for the function of flowmeter of flow of instrumentation detected fluid 12, also can bring into play function certainly as the flow rate distribution meter of the velocity flow profile of instrumentation detected fluid 12.In addition, velocity flow profile and flow measurement result's demonstration both can for example show as shown in Figure 9 together, also can show respectively, constituted doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter.
On the other hand, the flow measurement PG41 that uses in the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter 10 involved in the present invention can not be a program also, so long as make computing machine 14 can carry out the program of all flow processs, then also can suitably cut apart.
In addition, flow measuring program 41 supervisors also can store in the storage medium and program only is provided.At this, so-called " storage medium ", be meant can carrying itself can not spacial program medium, for example be floppy disk, hard disk, CD-ROM, MO (photomagneto disk), DVD-ROM, PD etc.
And then, be kept in the recording mechanism 37 of computing machine 14 flow measurement PG41 supervisor can with other computing machine that is electrically connected via I/F mechanism 40 and electrical communication lines between transmit mutually.Thereby, can either send program to other computing machine from computing machine 14, also can be from other computing machine of save routine with this program preloaded or download.
Industrial applicibility
According to the flow measuring program that uses in doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter involved in the present invention, the flow measuring method that uses doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter and this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter, even the flow measuring program that uses in the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that under the situation that produces deviation in the measured value of velocity flow profile, also can carry out more accurate velocity flow profile instrumentation or flow measurement, the flow measuring method that uses doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter and this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter can be provided.
In addition, can provide the flow measuring program that uses in the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter of the optimum value that can will adjust to according to the automatic calculating of the variable of measuring object, the flow measuring method that uses doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter and this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter.
And then, but can provide the restriction that is not subjected to hardware and can be with the instrumentation scope than the flow measuring program that uses in the doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that enlarged in the past, the flow measuring method that uses doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter and this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter.
Moreover can provide and can judge whether to exist flow velocity is the flow measuring program that uses in flowing of negative value and doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter, the flow measuring method that uses doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter and this doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter that measurable velocity range can be enlarged when not having negative value.
[term explanation]
" flow measurement mechanism " is when establishing flow and being m (t), the mechanism that carries out the computing of following formula 2.
[formula 2]
m(t)＝ρ∫v(x·t)·dA ......(1)
Wherein, ρ: the density of detected fluid
V (xt): the speed composition during time t (x direction)
A: the area of section that detected fluid is passed through (pipe arrangement cross-sectional area)
In addition, can the flow m (t) that flow through fluid piping in the time t be rewritten as following formula from above-mentioned formula (1).
[formula 3]
m(t)＝ρ∫∫vx(r·θ·t)·r·dr·dθ ......(2)
Wherein, vx (r θ t): the centre distance r during time t from the pipe arrangement xsect, the speed composition that angle θ is in tube axial direction.

Claims (4)

1. a doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter is characterized in that,
Have:
The ultrasonic transmitter structure is used for making ultrasonic pulse incident the detected fluid in fluid piping from ultrasonic transducer along slotted line of required frequency;
Velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanism is used for receiving in the ultrasonic pulse that is mapped in the detected fluid by the ultrasonic echo from the measured zone reflection, and the velocity flow profile of the detected fluid in the instrumentation measured zone; With
Flow measurement mechanism is used for velocity flow profile based on above-mentioned detected fluid, the flow of the detected fluid in the above-mentioned measured zone of instrumentation;
Above-mentioned velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanism possesses the velocity flow profile of the velocity flow profile that is used for calculating the detected fluid in the measured zone and calculates mechanism;
This velocity flow profile is calculated mechanism and is possessed:
Be used for the velocity flow profile calculating portion of velocity flow profile of the detected fluid in the Fluid Computation pipe arrangement;
Be used for the middle position test section of middle position of Fluid Computation pipe arrangement, wherein, the mid-point computation of detected position come out as the middle position of fluid piping according to the repeatedly position of reflection of above-mentioned ultrasonic echo input generation ultrasonic echo; And
The zone selection portion, two cut zone units of above-mentioned ultrasonic transducer one side that the Region Segmentation in its fluid piping that uses when by above-mentioned middle position velocity flow profile being calculated forms and the above-mentioned ultrasonic transducer of a distance side far away are selected;
Above-mentioned velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanism constitutes, when calculating velocity flow profile, use the selected cut zone of above-mentioned zone selection portion to carry out computing, be considered as velocity flow profile is come the detected fluid in the above-mentioned measured zone of instrumentation with respect to the middle position symmetry velocity flow profile.
2. a doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter is characterized in that,
Have:
The ultrasonic transmitter structure is used for making ultrasonic pulse incident the detected fluid in fluid piping from ultrasonic transducer along slotted line of required frequency;
Velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanism is used for receiving in the ultrasonic pulse that is mapped in the detected fluid by the ultrasonic echo from the measured zone reflection, and the velocity flow profile of the detected fluid in the instrumentation measured zone; With
Flow measurement mechanism is used for velocity flow profile based on above-mentioned detected fluid, the flow of the detected fluid in the above-mentioned measured zone of instrumentation;
Above-mentioned velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanism possesses the velocity flow profile of the velocity flow profile that is used for calculating the detected fluid in the measured zone and calculates mechanism;
This velocity flow profile is calculated mechanism and is possessed:
Be used for the velocity flow profile calculating portion of velocity flow profile of the detected fluid in the Fluid Computation pipe arrangement;
Be used for the middle position test section of middle position of Fluid Computation pipe arrangement, wherein, the mid-point computation of detected position come out as the middle position of fluid piping according to the repeatedly position of reflection of above-mentioned ultrasonic echo input generation ultrasonic echo; And
The automated regional selection portion, two cut zone units of above-mentioned ultrasonic transducer one side that the Region Segmentation in its this pipe arrangement of stream that uses when by above-mentioned middle position velocity flow profile being calculated forms and the above-mentioned ultrasonic transducer of a distance side far away are selected automatically;
Above-mentioned velocity flow profile instrumentation mechanism constitutes, when calculating velocity flow profile, use the selected cut zone of above-mentioned automated regional selection portion to carry out computing, make velocity flow profile come the velocity flow profile of the detected fluid in the above-mentioned measured zone of instrumentation with respect to the middle position symmetry.
3. a ultrasonic flow instrumentation method is characterized in that, comprising:
Reflecting body group velocity computation process incides ultrasonic pulse in the detected fluid, receives ultrasonic echo and calculates the speed of sneaking into a plurality of reflecting body groups in above-mentioned detected fluid;
Velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure is according to the velocity flow profile of the above-mentioned detected fluid of velocity distribution data instrumentation of the above-mentioned reflecting body that obtains in this reflecting body group velocity computation process; With
The flow measurement processing procedure is carried out calculation process again to the velocity distribution data of above-mentioned detected fluid and is come the instrumentation flow;
Above-mentioned velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure comprises:
Velocity flow profile is calculated step, velocity distribution to above-mentioned reflecting body is carried out calculation process, calculate the velocity flow profile data of above-mentioned detected fluid and the middle position of fluid piping, wherein, the mid-point computation of detected position is come out as the middle position of fluid piping according to the repeatedly position of reflection of above-mentioned ultrasonic echo input generation ultrasonic echo; And
Velocity flow profile data output step will be calculated the velocity flow profile data and the middle position data that obtain in the step in this velocity flow profile and export so that they are shown on the middle position indication mechanism; And
The zone given step, under the situation of the purpose request that has the reflecting body group that uses when above-mentioned velocity flow profile calculated to select, above-mentioned ultrasonic transducer one side that is split to form by the above-mentioned middle position of specifying by fluid piping and two cut zone of the above-mentioned ultrasonic transducer of a distance side far away, employed reflecting body group when selecting velocity flow profile to calculate.
4. a ultrasonic flow instrumentation method is characterized in that, comprising:
Reflecting body group velocity computation process incides ultrasonic pulse in the detected fluid, receives ultrasonic echo and calculates the speed of sneaking into a plurality of reflecting body groups in above-mentioned detected fluid;
Velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure is according to the velocity flow profile of the above-mentioned detected fluid of velocity distribution data instrumentation of the above-mentioned reflecting body that obtains in this reflecting body group velocity computation process;
With the flow measurement processing procedure, the velocity distribution data of above-mentioned detected fluid are carried out calculation process again come the instrumentation flow;
Above-mentioned velocity flow profile instrumentation processing procedure comprises:
Velocity flow profile is calculated step, velocity distribution to above-mentioned reflecting body is carried out calculation process, calculate the velocity flow profile data of above-mentioned detected fluid and the middle position of fluid piping, wherein, the mid-point computation of detected position is come out as the middle position of fluid piping according to the repeatedly position of reflection of above-mentioned ultrasonic echo input generation ultrasonic echo;
Automated regional is selected step, two cut zone of above-mentioned ultrasonic transducer one side that is split to form by above-mentioned middle position and the above-mentioned ultrasonic transducer of a distance side far away by fluid piping, employed reflecting body group when selecting above-mentioned velocity flow profile to calculate automatically;
Velocity flow profile data output step will be calculated the velocity flow profile data and the middle position data that obtain in step and the automated regional selection step in this velocity flow profile and export so that they are shown on the middle position indication mechanism.
CN200710126498A 2002-06-04 2003-06-03 Doppler-type ultrasonic flowmeter and ultrasonic flowmeter measuring method Expired - Fee Related CN100578160C (en)

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