CN100569099C - A kind of environment-friendly type pig feed and production method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of environment-friendly type pig feed and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100569099C CN100569099C CNB2007100358219A CN200710035821A CN100569099C CN 100569099 C CN100569099 C CN 100569099C CN B2007100358219 A CNB2007100358219 A CN B2007100358219A CN 200710035821 A CN200710035821 A CN 200710035821A CN 100569099 C CN100569099 C CN 100569099C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of environment-friendly type pig feed and production method thereof, describedly comprise following raw material by weight percentage: brown rice 25～65, corn 0～30, dregs of beans 12～20, wheat bran 5～13, fish meal 0～4, salt 0.2～0.4, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 0.3～1, sepiolite 1～3, premix 1～2, vegetable oil 0～6.Soluble non-starch polysaccharide of the present invention (SNSP) concentration is far below 0.8%, pig feed with this feed after, the excretion of nitrogen reduces more than the 14-19%, and feed conversion rate can improve 6.7-14.8%, simultaneously, feed of the present invention also can improve lean meat percentage, improves meat flavor and reduce antibiotic etc residual in pork.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pig feed and production method thereof.
Background technology
For pig, academia thinks that the SNSP (NSP) in the feed all is an ANFs and relevant with microbial fermentation in the enteron aisle both at home and abroad for a long time.The inventor starts with from the physics and the chemical basic structure of research carbohydrate, (NSP) is divided into two classes with SNSP in the feed, be water-soluble SNSP (SNSP) and insoluble SNSP (INSP), find SNSP in the feed, though do not influence the digestion process (being true digestibility) of feed nitrogen and amino acid itself, but its content and chitling road microbial fermentation and endogenous nitrogen (amino acid) excretion are the linear increment relation, thereby have reduced the amino acid apparent digestibility; And the fermentation of INSP content and enteric microorganism does not have the linear increment relation in the feed, does not influence the excretion of endogenous nitrogen and total nitrogen.Result of study shows, daily ration adds the water-soluble NSP (0～1.2%) of varying level, main pig ileum endogenous nitrogen and the amino acid whose excretion of influencing, and increase along with the water-soluble NSP dosage of daily ration, the affected kind of pig ileum chyme microbial amino acid also increases thereupon, and the excursion of ileum chyme nitrogen flow is 30.94%～50.26%, in general comes, the water-soluble NSP of growth swine rations surpasses 0.8%, appreciable impact protein digestibility and growth performance.
The inventor also finds to exist between the drainage (y) of SNSP in the daily ration (X) and terminal ileum N following relation simultaneously: y=1.7832X-8.2074 (R
2=0.99); And the pass of INSP and terminal ileum N excretion is: y=0.026X+5.0431 (R
2=0.43), both are relevant and not obvious; But to the fecal nitrogen excretion, the influence degree of two types of NSP is more approaching, and its relation is respectively: y=0.2563X+0.5773, (R
2=0.89, SNSP) and y=0.3165X+1.546 (R
2=0.35, INSP).Further studies show that: when feeding general feeds, the nitrogen in the excrement is mainly derived from the nitrogen that feed is not digested, and the nitrogen in the excrement is mainly derived from endogenous nitrogen, and microorganism N accounts for 80% of endogenous N in the excrement, and this also is the main source that causes pig industry N to pollute; Our result of study of while, soluble non-starch polysaccharide has increased endogenous N secretion in the daily ration, but not soluble non-starch polysaccharide does not influence the secretion of endogenous nitrogen.
And soluble non-starch polysaccharide (SNSP) concentration generally all surpasses 0.8% in the present swine rations.
Wheat, paddy, wheat bran, rice bran, system chaff all contain more pentosan, and barley, rye etc. contain more 1,4 beta-glucanase, and this class polysaccharide is referred to as soluble non-starch polysaccharide.According to surveying and determination, in wheat, barley, wheat bran, rice bran, oat shell, oat bran, megasse, rapeseed dregs, the cottonseed dregs of rice, generally its soluble non-starch polysaccharide content is respectively (%): 1.4,1.4,3.2,3.0,4.0-5.4,1.3,40.7,1.2-1.6,1.0-1.8.Although formulated many prescriptions preferably in the grow-finish swine rearing practice, as undergraduate education teaching material " pig produces and learns " (Yang Gongshe chief editor, Chinese agriculture publishing house, 2003) representative formula that is provided (wheat bran (%) wherein: growth pig 11.00-13.00, fattening pig 16.50-19.70) etc., production practices are also had directive function preferably, but according to surveying and determination, soluble non-starch polysaccharide in these daily rations (SNSP) concentration has all surpassed 0.8%.It is generally acknowledged, corn-soybean meal diet is traditional swine rations, conventional feed such as corn, dregs of beans is easily by the pig digestibility and utilization, and other cereal and byproduct thereof or other unconventional puffed soybean raw materials generally all contain some ANFs, are not easy to be utilized by pig.Although pig can utilize pentosan and beta glucan, from its energy sense of nutrition angle and little.And influenced the hydrolytic digestion of the digestive ferment of digestive secretion to whole chyme, finally have influence on digesting and assimilating of whole daily ration.This influence has comprised protein, fat, starch and mineral matter and trace elements absorbed utilization.
The protein use amount surpasses the universal phenomenon that the requirement of pig also is present feed existence in the feed.
Because shortage is tired to feed nitrogen (amino acid) and the accurate evaluation of pig nitrogen (amino acid) requirement, at present, the requirement of the pig nitrogen (amino acid) of U.S. NRC and China's swine rearing standard recommendation is all crossed the actual requirement that pig has been estimated on the highland.Store pig commodity dietary protein content often will exceed 2～4 percentage points than actual requirement, promptly raise the pig of 1 60kg, to waste protein feeds 164g/d, deliver common waste 14.4kg for sale from fattening to, calculate if deliver 600,000,000 pigs every year for sale by the whole nation, the waste protein feeds can reach 8,640,000 t, be equivalent to the annual import of China 2,000 ten thousand t protein feeds 40%, simultaneously, also will be to the environment 1,100,000 t nitrogen pollutants of discharging more.Like this, not only cause the huge waste of limited feed resource, increase the feed cost of unit livestock products, reduce the competitiveness of aquaculture, also ecological environment has been caused severe contamination simultaneously.
Therefore the nitrogen discharged amount that how to reduce pig manure reduces environmental pollution, reduces the waste that the cost of raising pigs improves protein in the feed simultaneously, is present problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of environment-friendly type pig feed that can reduce the nitrogen discharged amount of pig manure and reduce the cost of raising pigs.
This environment-protecting feed provided by the invention comprises following raw material by weight percentage:
Brown rice 25～65 corns 0～30 dregs of beans 12～20 wheat bran 5～13
Fish meal 0～4 salt 0.2～0.4 calcium monohydrogen phosphate 0.3～1 sepiolite 1～3
Premix 1～2 vegetable oil 0～6
The ratio that each raw material of wherein forming premix accounts for the premix total amount is arbitrarily.
The method of production feed of the present invention comprises the steps:
A, be various raw meal essence in 1～2 premix, cross the 15-20 mesh sieve percentage by weight, standby;
B, be that 25～65 brown rice, 0～30 corn, 12～20 dregs of beans and 5～13 wheat bran are crushed to the 6-12 order with percentage by weight, standby;
C, step 1 obtained in a small amount of paddy meal of placement of powder premixed and make 1 kilogram of premix;
The premix that d, the powder that step 2 is obtained and step 3 obtain is all put in the mixer, stirs 6～15 minutes, makes graininess (or powdery) pack.
According to soluble non-starch polysaccharide (SNSP) content of brown rice, corn, dregs of beans and wheat bran, the SNSP content range that can calculate brown rice, corn, dregs of beans and wheat bran in the feed of the present invention is 0.025～0.065%, 0～0.03%, 0.18～0.3% and 0.16～0.416%.Therefore, soluble non-starch polysaccharide of the present invention (SNSP) concentration is far below 0.8%, pig feed with this feed after, the excretion of nitrogen reduces more than the 14-19%, and feed conversion rate can improve 6.7-14.8%, simultaneously, feed of the present invention also can improve lean meat percentage, improve meat flavor and reduce antibiotic etc residual in pork, realizes the purpose of nuisanceless pork.According to domestic present situation of raising pigs (feed consumption estimation: piggy stage 47kg, middle pig stage 72kg, big pig stage 124kg at present.Crude protein level in the daily ration: piggy stage 20%, middle pig stage 18%, big pig stage 16%) calculate, every pig needs protein feeds (in dregs of beans) 70kg from weaning to delivering for sale, and price is 2.74 yuan/kg, expends 191.8 yuan.If adopt feed of the present invention, every pig can reduce feed consumption 30-40kg, saves about 70 yuan of feeding cost.Deliver the pig farm of ten thousand of live pigs so a year for sale and can save nearly 700,000 yuan of feed cost every year, reduce environmental emission 24～35t nitrogen towards periphery, tangible environmental benefit is also arranged.
In brief the present invention's advantage compared with prior art is: 1, nutrients is complete in the feed, can satisfy the needs of pig, and is inexcessive again.2, improve the speed of growth, production performance and the price of deed of pig; 3, pork lean meat percentage height, no harmful components are residual; 4, do not add the nuisance free feed of any hormone; Feeding cost is low, can reduce pernicious gas and excreta in the pig house air to pollution of environment etc.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
This is the feed that the present invention is used to raise 20～50 kilogram weights growth pig, produce 100 kilograms of this feeds and will get (unit kilogram): brown rice 50.2 corns 20.0 dregs of beans 12.0 wheat bran 5.0 fish meal 4 vegetable oil 6.0 salt 0.3 calcium monohydrogen phosphate 0.5 sepiolite 1.0 premixs 1.0 (wherein mainly be made up of copper, zinc, iron, manganese, iodine, selenium, amino acid, commercially available vitamin by premix, and each composition accounts for the ratio of premix total amount and does not do requirement, can regulate according to the concrete condition of pig).
Carry out as follows during production:
The 15-20 mesh sieve is crossed with the various raw materials in the premix (copper, zinc, iron, manganese, iodine, selenium, amino acid, commercially available vitamin) powder essence by a, elder generation, and is standby;
B, with 51.2 kilograms in brown rice, 20 kilograms of corns, 12 kilograms of dregs of beans and wheat bran are crushed to the 6-12 order for 5 kilograms, and is standby;
C, step 1 obtained in a small amount of paddy meal of placement of powder premixed and make 1 kilogram of premix;
The premix that d, the powder that step 2 is obtained and step 3 obtain is all put in the mixer, stirs 6～15 minutes, makes graininess (or powdery) pack.
With the feed of present embodiment, the inventor has done raising experiment and metabolism experiment, the results are shown in Table one, and this table has reflected the influence of the feed of present embodiment to growth pig nitrogen balance and production performance.
Table one:
Two kinds of feeds are under the situation of feed intake identical (with the dry note) as can be seen from Table I, and elimination of nitrogen amount of the present invention reduces by 20% than control group, and the utilization rate of nitrogen improves 7%, and difference all reaches significantly.And the apparent digestibility of nitrogen of the present invention is higher than control group 7.6%, because endogenous nitrogen can accurately not measured the biological value that causes accurately estimating nitrogen and the pig requirement to protein, the apparent digestibilities that adopt to guarantee to satisfy the nitrogen of animal maximum growth performance abundance more in producing at present, so this data declaration, the present invention can save with nitrogen 7.6% than existing market prescription, and being converted into protein is 47%.But from growth performance, indifference.
Embodiment two
This is the feed that the present invention is used to raise 50～100 kilograms of fattening pigs, produces 100 kilograms of this feeds and will get (unit kilogram): brown rice 37.2 corns 30.0 dregs of beans 20.0 wheat bran 5.0 vegetable oil 5.0 salt 0.3 calcium monohydrogen phosphate 0.5 sepiolite 1.0 premixs 1.0
Production method is with embodiment one.
Below be the feed of inventor with present embodiment, raising experiment of doing and metabolism experiment, result such as table two, this table have reflected the influence of the feed of present embodiment to fattening pig nitrogen balance and production performance.
Table two:
Under the situation of same amount dry of searching for food as can be seen from Table II, dry excretion of the present invention reduces by 6.4% than control group, also promptly the absorptivity of nutriment is improved 6.4%.And elimination of nitrogen amount reduction by 16.3%, the deposition of nitrogen improves 5.4%, and can save protein 33%.From growth performance, growth result of the present invention is better than control group, feeds that daily gain can improve 5.8% 43 days the time, and feedstuff-meat ratio can reduce by 5.1%.
The component according to the present invention, the inventor also has been equipped with following five kinds of feeds, sees Table three.
Table three:
Claims (1)
1, a kind of method of producing pig feed comprises the steps:
A, be various raw meal essence in 1～2 premix with percentage by weight, cross the 15-20 mesh sieve, standby, wherein premix mainly is made up of copper, zinc, iron, manganese, iodine, selenium, amino acid, commercially available vitamin, and the ratio that each composition of composition premix accounts for the premix total amount is arbitrarily;
B, be that 25～65 brown rice, 0～30 corn, 12～20 dregs of beans and 5～13 wheat bran are crushed to the 6-12 order with percentage by weight, standby;
C, step a is obtained powder put in a small amount of coarse rice powder, make 1 kilogram of premix after the premixed;
The premix that d, the powder that step b is obtained and step c obtain is all put in the mixer, stirs 6～15 minutes, makes the pack of graininess or powdery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100358219A CN100569099C (en) | 2007-09-27 | 2007-09-27 | A kind of environment-friendly type pig feed and production method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100358219A CN100569099C (en) | 2007-09-27 | 2007-09-27 | A kind of environment-friendly type pig feed and production method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101124951A CN101124951A (en) | 2008-02-20 |
| CN100569099C true CN100569099C (en) | 2009-12-16 |
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| JP5740753B2 (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2015-07-01 | ディーエスエム アイピー アセッツ ビー．ブイ． | Composition for reducing pork broth loss |
| CN101953434B (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2013-04-24 | 吴孔武 | Nonreactive, health-care and flavored Chinese medicinal herb pig feed |
| CN102524598B (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2013-06-19 | 赣州正康生物科技有限公司 | Pig feed and production method thereof |
| CN102524587B (en) * | 2012-02-12 | 2013-05-29 | 南京农业大学 | Grain-saving growing and fattening pig feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN102630638B (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2014-01-15 | 广东温氏食品集团股份有限公司 | Method for improving the reproductive performance of sows |
| CN103652378A (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2014-03-26 | 胡铁 | Lean-type medium-growth-period fattening pig feed |
| CN103652377A (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2014-03-26 | 胡铁 | Lean-type late-growth-period fattening pig feed |
| CN103493999A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2014-01-08 | 安徽省瑞森生物科技有限责任公司 | Green health-care forage for fattening pigs and preparation method thereof |
| CN103494005A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2014-01-08 | 安徽省瑞森生物科技有限责任公司 | Forage for middle pigs and preparation method thereof |
| CN103609901A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-05 | 凤台县古店乡李杰养殖场 | Green pork pig feed capable of increasing lean meat percentage |
| CN104206801A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-12-17 | 六安市天时畜禽养殖有限公司 | Digestion-promoting pig feed with waxberry and preparation method thereof |
| CN104431514A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-03-25 | 熙悦山农业科技(北京)有限公司 | Feed for selenium-rich pigs |
| CN104957409B (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2018-05-25 | 河南大陆农牧技术有限公司 | A kind of flavor formula for pig forage |
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Assignee: Road Kay (Hunan) Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Yin Yulong Contract record no.: 2011430000014 Denomination of invention: Environment-friendly type pig feed and production method thereof Granted publication date: 20091216 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20080220 Record date: 20110318 |
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