CN100567575C - Active interference removing apparatus for buried pipeline - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种埋地管道有源去干扰装置,包括直流电源单元、管地电位传感器、给定电位器、电压控制单元和功率输出单元,电压控制单元用于生成PWM脉宽调制信号,功率输出单元用于根据PWM脉宽调制信号控制其内部的逆变器的输出,向辅助地床和埋地管道输出经过滤波处理且与管道干扰大小相等、方向相反的去干扰电压。本发明通过采用跟踪型PWM控制方式,使其输出能及时跟随指令电压处理模块的参考指令信号的变化,具有输出灵敏度高、反应速度快、动态性能好等优点,特别适用于消除由高压输电线和空间天气变化所引起的干扰。
The invention relates to an active anti-interference device for buried pipelines, which includes a DC power supply unit, a pipeline-ground potential sensor, a given potentiometer, a voltage control unit and a power output unit. The voltage control unit is used to generate a PWM pulse width modulation signal, and the power The output unit is used to control the output of its internal inverter according to the PWM pulse width modulation signal, and output the anti-interference voltage which has been filtered and is equal to and opposite to the interference of the pipeline to the auxiliary ground bed and buried pipeline. The present invention adopts the tracking type PWM control method, so that its output can follow the change of the reference command signal of the command voltage processing module in time, and has the advantages of high output sensitivity, fast response speed, good dynamic performance, etc., and is especially suitable for eliminating and disturbances caused by changes in space weather.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及埋地金属管道的电化学腐蚀领域,尤其是涉及一种埋地管道有源去干扰装置。The invention relates to the field of electrochemical corrosion of buried metal pipelines, in particular to an active anti-interference device for buried pipelines.
背景技术 Background technique
经济的持续增长使能源的需求量越来越大,输电线路和输油管道的建设都在快速发展。受人口密度、土地资源状况以及电力行业和石化行业对传输路径的择优原则相近等因素影响,使得高压输电线路与埋地管道长距离平行或交叉设置的情况时有发生。当高压输电线与埋地管道平行或交叉时,由于高压输电线产生的交变电磁场影响,金属材质的埋地管道上将会感应出交流电压和电流。The continuous growth of the economy makes the demand for energy more and more large, and the construction of power transmission lines and oil pipelines is developing rapidly. Affected by factors such as population density, land resource conditions, and similar selection principles for transmission routes in the power industry and petrochemical industry, high-voltage transmission lines and buried pipelines are often arranged in parallel or across long distances. When the high-voltage transmission line is parallel to or crosses the buried pipeline, due to the influence of the alternating electromagnetic field generated by the high-voltage transmission line, the buried pipeline made of metal will induce AC voltage and current.
即使在无人为干扰的区域,埋地管道上也会有不断变化的管地电位和管道电流,该管地电位变化通常与地磁场的扰动有关。当太阳上有大的黑子群、冕洞、强烈的耀斑、剧烈的物质抛射等物理现象时,大量的带电粒子流、高能射线进入日地空间,特别是近地空间,造成了大地磁场的剧烈变化,变化的磁场也将会在埋地管道上产生交变感应电压和电流。Even in areas without human interference, buried pipelines will have changing pipeline-ground potentials and pipeline currents, and the changes in pipeline-ground potentials are usually related to the disturbance of the geomagnetic field. When there are physical phenomena such as large sunspot groups, coronal holes, strong flares, and violent mass ejections on the sun, a large number of charged particle flows and high-energy rays enter the sun-earth space, especially the near-Earth space, resulting in a violent terrestrial magnetic field Changing, changing magnetic fields will also generate alternating induced voltages and currents on buried pipelines.
高压输电线路和大地磁场变化等因素在埋地管道上产生的干扰被称为交流干扰,受到交流干扰的埋地管道的管地电位处于不断变化中,当管地电位高于其保护电位(-0.85V)时,管道产生对地泄露电流,这种泄露电流会对管道造成交流腐蚀。当管地电位过低(小于-1.2V)时,会导致管道涂层的破损,并引起敏感钢的析氢破坏。The interference caused by factors such as high-voltage transmission lines and changes in the earth's magnetic field on buried pipelines is called AC interference. The pipeline-ground potential of buried pipelines subject to AC interference is constantly changing. When the pipeline-ground potential is higher than its protection potential (- 0.85V), the pipeline will generate a leakage current to the ground, which will cause AC corrosion to the pipeline. When the pipeline ground potential is too low (less than -1.2V), it will cause damage to the pipeline coating and cause hydrogen evolution damage to sensitive steel.
目前,现有技术普遍采用排流法和阴极保护装置消除交流干扰。At present, the existing technology generally adopts the drainage method and the cathodic protection device to eliminate the AC interference.
在排流法中应用较多的是钳位式排流法和牺牲阳极加极性排流的方法,钳位式排流法通过排流节使管道与大地连接进行直接排流,排流节由两臂组成,其中一臂串接一只硅二极管,其正极接管道,称正臂;另一臂中串接两只硅二极管,其负极接管道,称负臂。在管道上有干扰电压时,当电压处于正半周时正臂导通,当电压处于负半周时负臂导通。实际使用表明,钳位式排流器虽在一定程度上缓解了交流干扰对管道造成的危害,但仍不能完全解决管道的腐蚀问题。由于硅二极管的正向压降为0.7V,因此当排流节的正臂导通时,管道上余留的电压将大于0.7V,此余留的电压大于管道的保护电位(-0.85V),管道在这种情况下将不可避免的遭受腐蚀。牺牲阳极加极性排流的方法在管地电位升高时能够给管道提供正常的阴极保护电位,但是其只能单方向消除管道交流干扰,不能消除管地电位过低对管道造成的危害。In the drainage method, the clamping drainage method and the method of sacrificial anode plus polarity drainage are more widely used. The clamping drainage method connects the pipeline to the earth through the drainage joint for direct drainage. It consists of two arms, one of which is connected in series with a silicon diode, and its anode is connected to the pipeline, which is called the positive arm; the other arm is connected in series with two silicon diodes, and its negative pole is connected to the pipeline, which is called the negative arm. When there is an interference voltage on the pipeline, the positive arm is turned on when the voltage is in the positive half cycle, and the negative arm is turned on when the voltage is in the negative half cycle. The actual use shows that although the clamp type drainer can alleviate the harm caused by AC interference to the pipeline to a certain extent, it still cannot completely solve the corrosion problem of the pipeline. Since the forward voltage drop of the silicon diode is 0.7V, when the positive arm of the discharge junction is turned on, the remaining voltage on the pipe will be greater than 0.7V, which is greater than the protection potential of the pipe (-0.85V) , the pipeline will inevitably suffer from corrosion in this case. The sacrificial anode plus polarity drainage method can provide a normal cathodic protection potential for the pipeline when the pipeline-ground potential rises, but it can only eliminate the AC interference of the pipeline in one direction, and cannot eliminate the damage caused by the low pipeline-ground potential to the pipeline.
阴极保护装置依靠其内部的恒电位仪给埋地管道提供保护电压,使管道阴极极化,预防管道腐蚀。恒电位仪的特点是:反馈的信号为测得的管地电位值,通过反馈管地电位与给定电位比较来控制调整恒电位仪输出。当管地电位升高时,增加输出电压以降低管地电位,当管地电位下降时,降低输出电压,但是输出电压只能下降到零,如果管地电位继续下降,则恒电位仪不能起到保护作用,因此阴极保护装置也不能完全消除交流干扰。另外,为了使输出电压稳定、纹波系数小,现有阴极保护装置采用大电感或大电容滤波电路,这样会使阴极保护装置的输出电压滞后于输入的控制信号,当有交流干扰存在时,由于延迟时间太长,很难通过控制及时消除干扰,有时还会由于控制时间和干扰时间失配造成更为严重的不稳定震荡。The cathodic protection device relies on its internal potentiostat to provide protection voltage to the buried pipeline, so as to polarize the pipeline cathodically and prevent pipeline corrosion. The characteristics of the potentiostat are: the feedback signal is the measured tube-to-ground potential value, and the output of the potentiostat is controlled and adjusted by comparing the feedback tube-to-ground potential with a given potential. When the tube-to-ground potential rises, increase the output voltage to reduce the tube-to-ground potential. When the tube-to-ground potential drops, reduce the output voltage, but the output voltage can only drop to zero. If the tube-to-ground potential continues to drop, the potentiostat cannot start To the protective effect, so the cathodic protection device can not completely eliminate AC interference. In addition, in order to stabilize the output voltage and reduce the ripple coefficient, the existing cathodic protection device uses a large inductance or large capacitance filter circuit, which will cause the output voltage of the cathodic protection device to lag behind the input control signal. When there is AC interference, Because the delay time is too long, it is difficult to eliminate the interference in time through control, and sometimes more serious unstable oscillations are caused by the mismatch between the control time and the interference time.
综上所述,现有技术尽管提出一些消除埋地管道交变干扰的技术方案,但都不能从根本上完全消除交流干扰。To sum up, although the prior art proposes some technical solutions for eliminating the alternating interference of buried pipelines, none of them can completely eliminate the alternating interference fundamentally.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种埋地管道有源去干扰装置,不仅能够完全消除埋地管道上的交变干扰,而且反应速度快,动态性能好。The object of the present invention is to provide an active interference removal device for buried pipelines, which can not only completely eliminate the alternating interference on buried pipelines, but also has fast response speed and good dynamic performance.
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种埋地管道有源去干扰装置,包括用于提供直流电源的直流电源单元、用于检测埋地管道的管地电位的管地电位传感器和用于提供给定电位的给定电位器,还包括电压控制单元和功率输出单元,所述电压控制单元与所述管地电位传感器和给定电位器连接,用于接收管地电位传感器发送的管地电位和给定电位器发送的给定电位,根据所述管地电位和给定电位的比较结果生成反映理想去干扰电压的参考指令信号;同时所述电压控制单元还与所述功率输出单元的输出端连接,用于监测功率输出单元输出的实际去干扰电压,并根据实际去干扰电压与理想去干扰电压的偏差生成PWM脉宽调制信号;所述功率输出单元包括逆变器和滤波电路,所述逆变器的输入端与直流电源单元连接,所述逆变器的控制端与所述电压控制单元连接,用于接收电压控制单元发送的PWM脉宽调制信号,根据所述PWM脉宽调制信号,将直流电源单元输出的直流电逆变成双极性电压,使逆变器的输出跟随参考指令信号的变化;所述滤波电路的输入端与逆变器的输出端连接,所述滤波电路的输出端分别与辅助地床和埋地管道连接,用于对逆变器输出的双极性电压进行滤波处理,形成与管道干扰大小相等、方向相反的实际去干扰电压向辅助地床和埋地管道输出。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an active anti-interference device for buried pipelines, including a DC power supply unit for providing DC power, a pipeline-ground potential sensor for detecting the pipeline-ground potential of buried pipelines, and a pipeline-ground potential sensor for providing The given potentiometer for the given potential also includes a voltage control unit and a power output unit, the voltage control unit is connected with the pipe-ground potential sensor and the given potentiometer, and is used to receive the pipe-ground potential sent by the pipe-ground potential sensor and the given potential sent by the given potentiometer, according to the comparison result of the pipe-ground potential and the given potential, a reference command signal reflecting the ideal interference removal voltage is generated; at the same time, the voltage control unit is also connected with the output of the power output unit terminal connection, used to monitor the actual interference removal voltage output by the power output unit, and generate a PWM pulse width modulation signal according to the deviation between the actual interference removal voltage and the ideal interference removal voltage; the power output unit includes an inverter and a filter circuit, so The input end of the inverter is connected to the DC power supply unit, and the control end of the inverter is connected to the voltage control unit for receiving the PWM pulse width modulation signal sent by the voltage control unit, and according to the PWM pulse width modulation signal, to invert the DC power output by the DC power supply unit into a bipolar voltage, so that the output of the inverter follows the change of the reference command signal; the input end of the filter circuit is connected to the output end of the inverter, and the filter circuit The output terminals of the inverter are respectively connected to the auxiliary ground bed and the buried pipeline, and are used to filter the bipolar voltage output by the inverter to form an actual interference-removing voltage equal in size and opposite to the pipeline interference to the auxiliary ground bed and buried pipeline. ground pipe output.
所述电压控制单元包括:The voltage control unit includes:
信号处理模块,与管地电位传感器连接,用于接收管地电位传感器发送的管地电位并处理;The signal processing module is connected with the pipe-ground potential sensor, and is used to receive and process the pipe-ground potential sent by the pipe-ground potential sensor;
指令电压处理模块,分别与信号处理模块和给定电位器连接,用于接收信号处理模块发送的管地电位和给定电位器发送的给定电位,根据该管地电位和给定电位的比较结果生成参考指令信号;The command voltage processing module is connected with the signal processing module and the given potentiometer respectively, and is used to receive the pipe-ground potential sent by the signal processing module and the given potential sent by the given potentiometer, and according to the comparison between the pipe-ground potential and the given potential As a result, a reference command signal is generated;
电压跟踪控制模块,分别与指令电压处理模块和功率输出单元的输出端连接,用于从指令电压处理模块接收反映理想去干扰电压的参考指令信号,从功率输出单元的输出端接收其实际去干扰电压,根据实际去干扰电压与理想去干扰电压的偏差,生成PWM脉宽调制信号;The voltage tracking control module is connected to the command voltage processing module and the output terminal of the power output unit respectively, and is used to receive the reference command signal reflecting the ideal interference removal voltage from the command voltage processing module, and receive the actual interference removal from the output terminal of the power output unit Voltage, according to the deviation between the actual interference removal voltage and the ideal interference removal voltage, a PWM pulse width modulation signal is generated;
驱动电路,分别与电压跟踪控制模块和功率输出单元的逆变器连接,根据PWM脉宽调制信号控制逆变器输出与管道干扰大小相等、方向相反的实际去干扰电压。The driving circuit is respectively connected with the voltage tracking control module and the inverter of the power output unit, and controls the inverter to output an actual interference-removing voltage that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the pipeline interference according to the PWM pulse width modulation signal.
在上述技术方案基础上,当埋地管道与高压输电线平行接近时,所述功率输出单元的输出端连接在埋地管道的终端位置。当埋地管道与高压输电线交叉分布时,所述功率输出单元的输出端连接在埋地管道与高压输电线的交叉位置。当埋地管道装有绝缘法兰时,所述功率输出单元的输出端连接在埋地管道绝缘法兰的两侧位置,用于防止空间天气引起的电磁干扰。On the basis of the above technical solution, when the buried pipeline approaches the high-voltage transmission line in parallel, the output end of the power output unit is connected to the terminal position of the buried pipeline. When the buried pipeline crosses the high-voltage transmission line, the output end of the power output unit is connected to the intersection of the buried pipeline and the high-voltage transmission line. When the buried pipeline is equipped with insulating flanges, the output ends of the power output unit are connected to both sides of the buried pipeline insulating flanges to prevent electromagnetic interference caused by space weather.
在上述技术方案基础上,还包括设置在与高压输电线平行的埋地管道的终端位置、埋地管道与高压输电线的交叉位置或埋地管道绝缘法兰的两侧位置的阴极保护装置,所述功率输出单元的输出端与阴极保护装置串联连接,共同保护埋地管道。On the basis of the above technical solutions, it also includes cathodic protection devices arranged at the terminal position of the buried pipeline parallel to the high-voltage transmission line, the intersection position between the buried pipeline and the high-voltage transmission line, or the two sides of the insulating flange of the buried pipeline, The output end of the power output unit is connected in series with the cathodic protection device to jointly protect the buried pipeline.
本发明提出了一种埋地管道有源去干扰装置,由于采用逆变器输出大小和方向可控的双极性电压,向埋地管道“注入”与管道干扰方向相反的管地电位,因此能够完全消除在管道上产生的任何干扰;由于采用逆变器和电压跟踪控制模块组合结构,通过采用跟踪型PWM控制方式,使其输出能及时跟随指令电压处理模块的参考指令信号的变化,因此具有输出灵敏度高、反应速度快、动态性能好等优点,特别适用于消除由高压输电线和空间天气变化所引起的干扰。进一步地,本发明还总结了关于各种干扰对管道影响的特点和规律,同时提出了本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置的最佳配置原则,分别为:如果埋地管道与高压输电线平行接近,本发明配置在此段管道的两个终端;如果埋地管道与高压输电线交叉分布,本发明配置在交叉点处;对于装有绝缘法兰的管道,为防止空间天气引起的电磁干扰,本发明则配置在绝缘法兰的两侧。通过本发明配置原则,可以根据交流输电线路的干扰情况、根据空间天气的地磁干扰在埋地管道上产生的管地电位分布情况合理配置本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置,实现最佳的效果。进一步地,本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置也可以和管道阴极保护装置配合使用,具有广泛的应用前景。The present invention proposes an active anti-jamming device for buried pipelines. Since the bipolar voltage output by the inverter is controllable in size and direction, the pipeline-ground potential opposite to the interference direction of the pipeline is "injected" into the buried pipeline, so It can completely eliminate any interference generated on the pipeline; due to the combined structure of the inverter and the voltage tracking control module, the output can follow the change of the reference command signal of the command voltage processing module in time by adopting the tracking PWM control method, so It has the advantages of high output sensitivity, fast response, and good dynamic performance, and is especially suitable for eliminating interference caused by high-voltage power lines and space weather changes. Furthermore, the present invention also summarizes the characteristics and laws of various interferences on the pipeline, and proposes the optimal configuration principles of the buried pipeline active interference removal device of the present invention, respectively: if the buried pipeline and the high-voltage transmission line Approaching in parallel, the present invention is arranged at the two ends of the pipeline in this section; if the buried pipeline and the high-voltage transmission line are intersected and distributed, the present invention is arranged at the intersection; for pipelines equipped with insulating flanges, in order to prevent the electromagnetic interference, the present invention is configured on both sides of the insulating flange. Through the configuration principle of the present invention, the buried pipeline active de-interference device of the present invention can be reasonably configured according to the interference situation of the AC transmission line and the distribution of the pipeline-ground potential generated on the buried pipeline according to the geomagnetic interference of space weather, so as to realize the best Effect. Furthermore, the active anti-jamming device for buried pipelines of the present invention can also be used in conjunction with cathodic protection devices for pipelines, and has broad application prospects.
下面通过附图和实施例,对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the buried pipeline active anti-jamming device of the present invention;
图2为本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置实施例的结构示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an active anti-jamming device for buried pipelines of the present invention;
图3为高压输电线与埋地管道平行分布时在某时刻管道上产生的干扰电压沿管道分布情况示意图;Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the interference voltage generated on the pipeline along the pipeline at a certain moment when the high-voltage transmission line and the buried pipeline are distributed in parallel;
图4为高压输电线与埋地管道交叉分布时在某时刻管道上产生的干扰电压沿管道分布情况示意图;Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the interference voltage generated on the pipeline along the pipeline at a certain moment when the high-voltage transmission line and the buried pipeline are cross-distributed;
图5为空间天气引起的大地磁场变化时在某时刻埋地管道上产生的干扰电压沿管道分布情况示意图;Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the interference voltage along the pipeline at a certain moment when the earth's magnetic field changes caused by space weather;
图6为本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置产生去干扰电压的分布示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of interference-removing voltages generated by the active device for removing interference for buried pipelines according to the present invention.
附图标记说明:Explanation of reference signs:
1-直流电源单元; 2-功率输出单元; 3-电压控制单元;1-DC power supply unit; 2-Power output unit; 3-Voltage control unit;
4-辅助地床; 5-埋地管道; 6-管地电位传感器;4-Auxiliary ground bed; 5-Buried pipeline; 6-Pipe ground potential sensor;
7-给定电位器; 8-参比电极; 21-逆变器;7-given potentiometer; 8-reference electrode; 21-inverter;
22-滤波电路; 31-信号处理模块; 32-指令电压处理模块;22-Filter circuit; 31-Signal processing module; 32-Command voltage processing module;
33-电压跟踪控制模块; 34-驱动电路; 100-高压输电线。33-voltage tracking control module; 34-drive circuit; 100-high voltage transmission line.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
图1为本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置的结构示意图。如图1所示,本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置包括直流电源单元1、功率输出单元2、电压控制单元3、管地电位传感器6、给定电位器7和参比电极8,其中管地电位传感器6与参比电极8连接,用于检测埋地管道5的管地电位;给定电位器7用于提供给定电位;电压控制单元3与管地电位传感器6和给定电位器7连接,用于接收管地电位传感器6发送的管地电位和给定电位器7发送的给定电位,根据该管地电位和给定电位的比较结果生成反映理想去干扰电压的参考指令信号;同时,电压控制单元3还与功率输出单元2的输出端连接,用于监测功率输出单元2输出的实际去干扰电压,并根据实际去干扰电压与理想去干扰电压的比较结果生成PWM脉宽调制信号。功率输出单元2的控制端与电压控制单元3连接,其输入端与直流电源单元1连接,其输出端分别与辅助地床4和埋地管道5连接,用于接收电压控制单元3发送的PWM脉宽调制信号,根据该PWM脉宽调制信号控制逆变器的输出,输出经过滤波处理的去干扰电压向辅助地床4和埋地管道5输出,该去干扰电压与管道干扰大小相等、方向相反,以抵消交流干扰在埋地管道上产生的管地电位变化,得到理想的管地电位波形。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an active anti-jamming device for a buried pipeline according to the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the buried pipeline active interference removal device of the present invention includes a DC
图2为本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置实施例的结构示意图。如图2所示,本实施例上述技术方案中,功率输出单元2包括逆变器21和滤波电路22,逆变器21的输入端与直流电源单元1连接,输出端与滤波电路22连接,控制端与电压控制单元3连接,用于根据电压控制单元3发送的PWM脉宽调制信号,将直流电源单元1输出的直流电逆变成双极性电压,使其输出跟随PWM脉宽调制信号的变化;滤波电路22的输入端与逆变器21连接,输出端分别与辅助地床4和埋地管道5连接,用于对逆变器21输出的双极性电压进行滤波处理,形成与管道干扰大小相等、方向相反的去干扰电压向辅助地床4和埋地管道5输出。电压控制单元3包括信号处理模块31、指令电压处理模块32、电压跟踪控制模块33和驱动电路34,信号处理模块31与管地电位传感器6连接,用于接收管地电位传感器6发送的管地电位并处理后作为指令电压处理模块32的输入信号,本实施例中,管地电位传感器6还连接有参比电极8;指令电压处理模块32分别与信号处理模块31和给定电位器7连接,用于接收信号处理模块31发送的管地电位和给定电位器7发送的给定电位,根据该管地电位和给定电位的比较结果生成参考指令信号,参考指令信号所反映的理想去干扰电压就是期望功率输出单元2输出能及时准确消除埋地管道的交流干扰的去干扰电压;电压跟踪控制模块33分别与指令电压处理模块32和功率输出单元2的输出端连接,用于从指令电压处理模块32接收反映理想去干扰电压的参考指令信号,从功率输出单元2的输出端接收其实际去干扰电压,根据实际去干扰电压与理想去干扰电压的偏差,生成PWM脉宽调制信号;驱动电路34的一端与电压跟踪控制模块33连接,另一端与功率输出单元2的逆变器21连接,根据PWM脉宽调制信号控制逆变器21,以调整功率输出单元2输出去干扰电压的大小和方向,即向埋地管道“注入”与管道干扰方向相反的管地电位,使本发明能及时准确地抵消交流干扰在埋地管道上产生的管地电位变化,得到理想的管地电位波形。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an active interference removal device for a buried pipeline according to the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, in the above technical solution of this embodiment, the
在本发明上述技术方案中,直流电源单元可以是380V交流电经整流滤波得到的直流电源,实际使用中无交流电源存在时,也可以是燃气发电机装置或太阳能装置提供的直流电源。滤波电路采用更小的滤波电容,使电路过渡过程时间变短。本发明提供的埋地管道有源去干扰装置由于采用逆变器输出大小和方向可控的双极性电压,向埋地管道“注入”与管道干扰方向相反的管地电位,因此能够完全消除在管道上产生的任何干扰;由于采用逆变器和电压跟踪控制模块组合结构,通过采用跟踪型PWM控制方式,使其输出能及时跟随指令电压处理模块PWM脉宽调制信号的变化,因此具有输出灵敏度高、反应速度快、动态性能好等优点。In the above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention, the DC power supply unit can be a DC power supply obtained by rectifying and filtering 380V AC power. When there is no AC power supply in actual use, it can also be a DC power supply provided by a gas generator device or a solar energy device. The filter circuit uses a smaller filter capacitor to shorten the transition time of the circuit. The active anti-interference device for buried pipelines provided by the present invention can completely eliminate Any interference generated on the pipeline; due to the combined structure of the inverter and the voltage tracking control module, the output can follow the change of the PWM pulse width modulation signal of the command voltage processing module in time by adopting the tracking PWM control method, so it has output High sensitivity, fast response, good dynamic performance and so on.
发明人多年的深入研究发现,目前现有技术的阴极保护装置极少能起到消除交流干扰的作用,而且大多数埋地管道上阴极保护装置的安装位置与抗干扰相矛盾。例如,从经济合理的最优原则来看,一段埋地管道的阴极保护装置应安装在管道中间,但发明人的研究表明,从消除高压输电线和空间干扰的最优原则来看,一段管道的阴极保护装置应安装在管道的两端。因此,目前阴极保护装置的安装位置不满足抗干扰的最优原则,当交流干扰存在时,阴极保护装置起的作用是:在阴极保护装置安装位置的任意一侧起过保护作用,在其另一侧起欠保护作用。The inventor's in-depth research for many years found that the cathodic protection devices in the prior art can rarely eliminate AC interference, and the installation positions of the cathodic protection devices on most buried pipelines are contradictory to anti-interference. For example, from the optimal principle of economic rationality, the cathodic protection device of a section of buried pipeline should be installed in the middle of the pipeline, but the inventor's research shows that, from the perspective of the optimal principle of eliminating high-voltage transmission lines and space interference, a section of pipeline Cathodic protection devices should be installed at both ends of the pipeline. Therefore, the current installation position of the cathodic protection device does not meet the optimal principle of anti-interference. When AC interference exists, the role of the cathodic protection device is: to protect on either side of the installation position of the cathodic protection device, and on the other side One side is underprotected.
为此,发明人根据埋地管道受干扰影响的特点和规律,提出了本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置的配置原则,通过下述实施例分别予以说明。For this reason, the inventor proposes the configuration principle of the buried pipeline active anti-jamming device of the present invention according to the characteristics and rules of the buried pipeline affected by interference, which are illustrated by the following examples.
第一实施例first embodiment
图3为高压输电线与埋地管道平行分布时在某时刻管道上产生的干扰电压沿管道分布情况示意图,图4为高压输电线与埋地管道交叉分布时在某时刻管道上产生的干扰电压沿管道分布情况示意图。针对高压输电线对埋地管道的影响,发明人总结的特点和规律为:当高压输电线与某段埋地管道平行接近时,与高压输电线平行段埋地管道的终端处管地电位最大,远离该终端处管地电位沿埋地管道逐渐衰减,如图3所示。具体地,埋地管道5的AB段与高压输电线100平行,在AB段以外埋地管道5继续延伸并远离高压输电线100,由高压输电线100产生的交流干扰引起的管地电位在埋地管道5的A点和B点处最大,远离A点和B点埋地管道5的管地电位逐渐衰减。当埋地管道与高压输电线交叉时,在交叉点处埋地管道的管地电位变化最大,远离交叉点管地电位沿管道逐渐衰减,如图4所示。具体地,埋地管道5与高压输电线100在点C处交叉,由高压输电线100的交流干扰引起的管地电位在埋地管道5的C点处最大,远离C点埋地管道5的管地电位逐渐衰减。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the interference voltage generated on the pipeline along the pipeline at a certain time when the high-voltage transmission line and the buried pipeline are distributed in parallel. Figure 4 is the interference voltage generated on the pipeline at a certain time when the high-voltage transmission line and the buried pipeline are distributed across Schematic diagram of the distribution along the pipeline. Aiming at the impact of high-voltage transmission lines on buried pipelines, the inventors concluded the characteristics and rules as follows: when high-voltage transmission lines approach a section of buried pipeline in parallel, the pipe-ground potential at the terminal of the buried pipeline parallel to the high-voltage transmission line is the largest , the pipe-to-ground potential away from the terminal gradually decays along the buried pipeline, as shown in Figure 3. Specifically, the AB section of the buried
如果埋地管道与高压输电线平行接近,在配置本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置时,本实施例将本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置配置在埋地管道的终端处,即本发明功率输出单元2的输出端连接在埋地管道的终端位置(图3中的A点和B点)。If the buried pipeline is close to the high-voltage transmission line in parallel, when configuring the active anti-interference device for the buried pipeline of the present invention, in this embodiment, the active anti-interference device for the buried pipeline of the present invention is arranged at the terminal of the buried pipeline, that is, this The output end of the inventive
如果埋地管道与高压输电线交叉分布,在配置本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置时,本实施例将本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置配置在埋地管道与高压输电线的交叉处,即本发明功率输出单元2的输出端连接在埋地管道与高压输电线的交叉位置(图4中的C点)。If buried pipelines and high-voltage transmission lines are intersected, when configuring the active interference removal device for buried pipelines of the present invention, this embodiment configures the active interference removal device for buried pipelines of the present invention at the intersection of buried pipelines and high-voltage transmission lines , that is, the output end of the
第二实施例second embodiment
图5为空间天气引起的大地磁场变化时在某时刻埋地管道上产生的干扰电压沿管道分布情况示意图。针对大地磁场变化对埋地管道的影响,发明人总结的特点和规律为:当长距离输油埋地管道装有绝缘法兰时,大地磁场扰动引起的管地电位变化最大处在绝缘法兰两侧,如图5所示。具体地,在绝缘法兰101、绝缘法兰102、绝缘法兰103和绝缘法兰104处,可以看出由大地磁场变化引起的埋地管道的管地电位在靠近每个绝缘法兰101~绝缘法兰104的两侧处最大,远离绝缘法兰101~绝缘法兰104的管地电位逐渐衰减。Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the interference voltage generated on the buried pipeline along the pipeline at a certain moment when the earth's magnetic field changes caused by space weather. In view of the influence of changes in the earth's magnetic field on buried pipelines, the inventors concluded the characteristics and rules as follows: when long-distance buried oil pipelines are equipped with insulating flanges, the largest change in pipe-to-ground potential caused by earth's magnetic field disturbances is at the insulating flanges on both sides, as shown in Figure 5. Specifically, at the insulating flange 101, the insulating flange 102, the insulating flange 103 and the insulating flange 104, it can be seen that the pipe-ground potential of the buried pipeline caused by the change of the earth's magnetic field is close to each insulating flange 101- The two sides of the insulating flange 104 are the largest, and the pipe-ground potential away from the insulating flange 101 to the insulating flange 104 gradually decays.
对于装有绝缘法兰的埋地管道,考虑空间干扰时,在配置本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置时,本实施例将本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置配置在埋地管道的绝缘法兰两侧,即本发明功率输出单元的输出端连接在埋地管道的绝缘法兰两侧位置(图5中绝缘法兰101~绝缘法兰104的两侧)。For buried pipelines equipped with insulating flanges, when space interference is considered, when configuring the active anti-interference device for buried pipelines of the present invention, this embodiment configures the active anti-interference device for buried pipelines of the present invention on the buried pipeline. Both sides of the insulating flange, that is, the output end of the power output unit of the present invention is connected to the positions on both sides of the insulating flange of the buried pipeline (both sides of the insulating flange 101 to the insulating flange 104 in FIG. 5 ).
图6为本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置产生去干扰电压的分布示意图。如图6所示,J处为本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置在埋地管道5上的汇流点,在J处埋地管道5的管地电位最大,远离J处埋地管道5的管地电位逐渐衰减。图6中的实线为本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置产生的正方向电压曲线族,虚线为本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置产生的负方向电压曲线族。这样可根据不同的干扰类型分布特点和规律选择本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置的配置地点。这样,本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置作用在埋地管道上电压沿管道分布和输电线、大地磁场干扰作用在管道上电压沿管道分布相吻合,更有利于完全消除交变等干扰。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of interference-removing voltages generated by the active device for removing interference for buried pipelines according to the present invention. As shown in Figure 6, the J place is the confluence point of the buried pipeline active de-interference device of the present invention on the buried
此外,当埋地管道上已经有阴极保护装置配置在上述地点或附近时,则可以把本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置和已有的阴极保护装置串联使用,这样既能共用阳极地床,又可避免配置本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置时对管道开挖,本发明埋地管道有源去干扰装置和已有的阴极保护装置输出电压叠加,能够完全消除干扰,使管地电位跟踪保护电位给定值。In addition, when the cathodic protection device on the buried pipeline has been arranged at or near the above-mentioned location, the active anti-jamming device for the buried pipeline of the present invention can be used in series with the existing cathodic protection device, so that the anode ground bed can be shared , and can avoid excavating the pipeline when the active interference removal device for buried pipelines of the present invention is configured. Potential tracking protection potential given value.
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be Modifications or equivalent replacements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
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CN103695937B (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2015-12-30 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Broad sense DC cathode securing system and broad sense direct current potentiostat thereof |
CN103695938B (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-01-20 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Broad sense pulsed cathode securing system and broad sense pulse potentiostat thereof |
CN104178770B (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2017-07-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Direct current cathode interference reducing device for buried pipeline |
CN105780015B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-05-11 | 天津隆顺技术服务有限公司 | A kind of compound impressed current cathodic protection system |
CN105975768B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2018-10-16 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Method and device for arranging buried pipeline sectional insulation |
CN105780014B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2018-06-29 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Cathode protection method and cathode protection system for buried pipeline |
CN107815690B (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2024-02-02 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Pipeline anti-corrosion device |
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