CN100566430C - Based on grating LCD freedom three-dimensional display multi-viewpoint stereo image synthetic method - Google Patents
Based on grating LCD freedom three-dimensional display multi-viewpoint stereo image synthetic method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind ofly, belong to grating freedom tridimensional imaging technique field based on grating LCD freedom three-dimensional display multi-viewpoint stereo image synthetic method.Realize that concrete steps of the present invention are as follows: step 1, certain sub-pixel belongs to the control range of which raster unit actually at first definite LCD screen; Step 2 comes the view of each viewpoint is carried out sub sampling according to the arrangement of subpixels under each raster unit; Step 3 synthesizes a width of cloth free stereo display image with each the visual point image information arrangement behind the sub sampling.By this patent is applied to specific embodiment, can obtain good synthetic effect and three-dimensional impression, the validity of this universal synthesis method has also further been verified in multidigit observer's subjectivity evaluation and test; This general multi-viewpoint stereo image synthetic method can be widely used in grating LCD multi-view auto stereoscopic display device, helps to promote energetically the industrialization of this kind equipment, has important Practical significance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to grating freedom tridimensional imaging technique field, further relate to a kind of based on grating LCD freedom three-dimensional display multi-viewpoint stereo image synthetic method.
Background technology
For many years, people have developed various stereoscopic image and have carried out visual Display Technique.In these Display Techniques, such as prismatic mirror show, flat board covers, holography shows etc., all need not wearing spectacles or other and assists and look tool and just can present stereo-picture for the beholder, these systems all are auto-stereo display systems.These auto-stereo display systems can show a plurality of different visual point images in time or space.In numerous auto-stereo display systems, based on the LCD free stereo display equipment of grating because of it is easy to processing, multi-viewpoint three-dimensional is effective, so be current comparatively common auto-stereo display system.
Grating is meant and is attached to picture or screen outside, can makes the people utilize the refraction principle of two subtense angles and light to see a kind of printing or made material of compact technique of utilizing of stereo-picture.The grating that is used for auto-stereoscopic display can be divided into three major types: slit grating (being commonly called as the black light grid), prismatic mirror grating (being commonly called as white raster), dot matrix grating.Wherein, the dot matrix grating is rarely found, and this universal synthesis method is based on slit grating and prismatic mirror grating.Slit grating is commonly called as the black light grid, and its image-forming principle is the pinhole imaging system principle.Have only the product of film material at present, thus be on transparent film at interval the process black lines constitute black non transparent lines and add a transparent gap length structure arranged.Prismatic mirror grating is commonly called as white raster, and its image-forming principle is the convex lens image-forming principle.It is made of many prismatic mirrors, is divided into sheet material, sheet material and film material grating again according to the difference of intermediate medium.The sheet plate-shaped optical element that prismatic mirror is made up of numerous half-cylindrical stripeds that are arranged in parallel, it is made up of a lot of identical post mirrors, and one side is the plane, and another side is the cylinder curved surface that periodic relief changes.The key technical indexes of grating is: raster unit, pitch, line number (LPI), the angle of visual field, look angle, viewing distance.
Fig. 1 (a) and (b) are the level cross-sectionn schematic diagram that example has illustrated these two kinds of display structures with the many viewpoints LCD free stereo display equipment based on slit grating and prismatic mirror grating respectively.For the LCD free stereo display equipment (N＞=2) of N viewpoint, need to prepare the image of N different points of view, the image information with N viewpoint synthesizes a width of cloth multi-viewpoint stereo image then.And the image that is generated is distributed to the LCD pel array show.From two kinds of situations as can be seen, on cross-sectional direction, represent the unit of each visual point image information to be R, G, B sub-pixel in the lcd screen.Certainly, also can show the Pixel Information of a viewpoint with one group of RGB on the cross-sectional direction, so then the resolution (that is horizontal resolution) of each visual point image on the actual cross sections direction that observes of observer is inversely proportional to viewpoint number N.If only obtain a plurality of viewpoints by sacrificing horizontal resolution, the level of the image that is observed and vertical resolution are unbalance so, can bring uncomfortable three-dimensional impression to the observer.Therefore, for the resolution on balance x and the y direction, usually adopt the grating of incline structure, so just (Fig. 1 cross-sectional direction) upward represents each view information respectively with R, G, the B sub-pixel of LCD in the horizontal direction, and the while in an inclined direction uses the RGB of adjacent continuous to represent the information of a pixel of each viewpoint.
The multi-view image composition algorithm is based on the key issue of the LCD free stereo display equipment of grating, need have a kind of quick, high-quality multi-viewpoint stereo image synthetic method based on the LCD display device of grating in the industry.For the LCD free stereo display equipment based on grating, common multi-view image synthetic method is based on simulation synthetic method (as the light sieve method).This simulation synthetic method generally is with the mode of artificial treatment softwares such as (for example, use) Photoshop each view to be handled.Though the simulation synthetic method has certain flexibility, this method is made complicated, and combined coefficient is low, and is high to synthetic person's technical experience requirement, is not easy to large-scale production.In addition, because the repeatedly sieving and the match of the view of each viewpoint process software, its brightness and contrast all has significantly sacrificing.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve combined coefficient, improve synthetic effect, this patent has proposed free stereo display image composition algorithm a kind of novelty, general, and this algorithm is different with traditional simulation synthetic method, and it is the digital composition algorithm of once realizing with program.The operating unit of this synthetic method also is R, G, B sub-pixel, and it is divided into sub-pixel and determines criterion, each viewpoint sub-pixel sub sampling (subsampling), synthetic three parts of each viewpoint arrangement of subpixels, and the building-up process of new method as shown in Figure 2.
The present invention realizes by following technical solution:
(1) determines that at first certain sub-pixel on the LCD screen belongs to the control range of which raster unit actually;
From sectional view shown in Figure 1 as can be known, no matter be prismatic mirror grating or slit grating, its each raster unit (prism or a slit) all can be controlled certain N on the LCD pixel column sub-pixel institute isolychn.Because raster unit has certain control range (as Fig. 1, N can be 8 or 9), belong to the control range of which raster unit so need at first to determine certain sub-pixel on the LCD screen actually.In order to determine the raster unit under the sub-pixel among the LCD, need to set definite criterion according to the inclination angle of grating.Be that counterclockwise angle and two kinds of situations of clockwise angle are considered with the angle of inclination between raster unit and the screen vertical line below.
When the grating slope angle tilts for counter clockwise direction:
Grating slope angle [alpha] (0 °＜α＜90 °) arbitrarily on the counter clockwise direction, as shown in Figure 3.If the wide of each LCD sub-pixel is unit 1, then high is 3, this moment each pixel can to regard the length of side as be 3 square.Geometry site when causing the right hand edge line of raster unit that certain sub-pixel is divided equally intercepting according to the angle of inclination difference of grating, can carry out tilt angle theta=18.4 that diagonal divides equally just ° is critical condition, grating is divided into two kinds of situations by the angle of inclination handles.
When α 〉=θ, as c among Fig. 3
1Shown in the straight line, according to the geometrical relationship of raster unit and sub-pixel, definition: when the right hand edge line of raster unit was divided intercepting equally to certain sub-pixel, the intercept on the next sub-pixel adjacent with current sub-pixel (sub-pixel C among the figure) lower limb was a Δ
0N:
When defining a certain raster unit right hand edge line certain capable sub-pixel of n being intercepted, be Δ in the intercept of current sub-pixel lower limb
1:
Δ
1＝3n·tanα-[3n·tanα]
Wherein, [] representative rounds operation.Following definite rule is arranged:
Work as Δ
1〉=Δ
0NThe time, be that [3ntan α] individual sub-pixel (figure neutron pixel B) is defined as belonging to current raster unit with the sub-pixel of being cut apart;
Work as Δ
1＜Δ
0NThe time, [3ntan α] individual sub-pixel (sub-pixel B) is defined as not belonging to current raster unit, and [3ntan α]-1 sub-pixel (figure neutron pixel A) is defined as belonging to current raster unit.
When α＜θ, as c among Fig. 3
2Shown in the straight line, according to the geometrical relationship of raster unit and sub-pixel, definition: when the right hand edge line of raster unit is divided intercepting equally to certain sub-pixel, be (1-Δ in the intercept of current sub-pixel (figure neutron pixel B) lower limb
0C):
Definition: when a certain raster unit right hand edge line intercepts certain capable sub-pixel of n, be Δ in the intercept of current sub-pixel lower limb
1:
Δ
1＝3n·tanα-[3n·tanα]
Wherein, [] representative rounds operation.Following definite rule is arranged:
Work as Δ
1〉=(1-Δ
0C) time, be that ([3ntan α]+1) individual sub-pixel (figure neutron pixel B) is defined as belonging to current raster unit with the sub-pixel of being cut apart;
Work as Δ
1＜(1-Δ
0C) time, ([3ntan α]+1) individual sub-pixel (sub-pixel B) is defined as not belonging to current raster unit the, and [3ntan α] individual sub-pixel (figure neutron pixel A) is defined as belonging to current raster unit.
When the grating slope angle is the clockwise direction inclination:
Any inclination angle beta of grating and vertical line on the clockwise direction (0 °＜β＜90 °), as shown in Figure 4, geometry site when causing the right hand edge line of raster unit that certain sub-pixel is divided equally intercepting according to the angle of inclination difference of grating, can carry out tilt angle theta=18.4 that diagonal divides equally just ° is critical condition, also grating is divided into two kinds of situations by the angle of inclination and handles.If monitor resolution is W * H, then the display width is 3W, highly is 3H.
When β 〉=θ, as c among Fig. 4
1Shown in the straight line, according to the geometrical relationship of raster unit and sub-pixel, when the right hand edge line of raster unit was divided intercepting equally to certain sub-pixel, the intercept on previous sub-pixel (the figure neutron pixel A) lower limb of current sub-pixel was (1-a Δ
0F):
When supposing that a certain raster unit right hand edge line intercepts certain capable sub-pixel of n, be (1-Δ in the intercept of current sub-pixel lower limb
2):
1-Δ
2＝1-(3n·tanβ-[3n·tanβ])＝[3n·tanβ]+1-3n·tanβ
Wherein, [] representative rounds operation.Following definite rule is arranged:
When (1-Δ
2) 〉=(1-Δ
0F) be Δ
2≤ Δ
0FThe time, (3W-[3ntan β]+1) individual sub-pixel (being sub-pixel B) is defined as belonging to current raster unit with.
When (1-Δ
2)＜(1-Δ
0F) be Δ
2＞Δ
0FThe time, (3W-[3ntan β]+1) individual sub-pixel (sub-pixel B) is defined as not belonging to current raster unit (all determining with raster unit right hand edge line) with, and the previous sub-pixel of this sub-pixel (3W-[3ntan β]) (being sub-pixel A) is defined as belonging to current raster unit;
When β＜θ, as c among Fig. 4
2Shown in the straight line,, when the right hand edge line of raster unit is divided intercepting equally to certain sub-pixel, be Δ in the intercept of current sub-pixel (figure neutron pixel B) lower limb according to the geometrical relationship of raster unit and sub-pixel
0C:
When supposing that a certain raster unit right hand edge line intercepts certain capable sub-pixel of n, be (1-Δ in the intercept of current sub-pixel lower limb
2):
1-Δ
2＝1-(3n·tanβ-[3n·tanβ])＝[3n·tanβ]+1-3n·tanβ
Wherein, [] representative rounds operation.Following definite rule is arranged:
When (1-Δ
2) 〉=Δ
0CThe time, (3W-[3ntan β]+1) individual sub-pixel (being sub-pixel B) is defined as belonging to current raster unit with;
When (1-Δ
2)＜Δ
0CThe time, (3W-[3ntan β]+1) individual sub-pixel (sub-pixel B) is defined as not belonging to current raster unit with; And the previous sub-pixel of this sub-pixel (3W-[3ntan β]) (being sub-pixel A) is defined as belonging to current raster unit.
Like this, just raster unit under the sub-pixel is fixed really then be divided into counterclockwise on arbitrarily on grating slope angle [alpha] (0 °＜α＜90 °) and the clockwise direction arbitrarily grating slope angle beta (0 °＜β＜90 °) two class situations determine.The sub-pixel that more than definite criterion has contained under the grating LCD freedom three-dimensional display situation of any angle of inclination is determined criterion.
Fig. 5 shows various definite situation and the flow process that above-mentioned sub-pixel is determined criterion in mode more clearly.
(2) each viewpoint view sub sampling
Determine that by sub-pixel criterion determined among the LCD under each sub-pixel just can to come the view of each viewpoint is carried out sub sampling (subsampling) according to the arrangement of subpixels under each raster unit after the raster unit.View for each viewpoint, in a synthetic width of cloth free stereo display image, be not that all R, G, B sub-pixel value in each viewpoint view all contributed to some extent to the stereo-picture after synthetic, the partial information (the sieving process in the similar analogy method) in each viewpoint view has just been chosen in the synthetic processing of stereo-picture, this part information of each viewpoint is extracted, and the useful information with several viewpoints is synthesized in the width of cloth stereo-picture together then.
If all sub-pixels of each viewpoint view constitute dot matrix Λ
1, wherein the synthetic contributive sub-pixel of stereoscopic image constitutes dot matrix Λ
2,
Then have:
Use S:L
1(Λ
1) → L
1(Λ
2) define from dot matrix Λ
1To dot matrix Λ
2Sub sampling operation:
S(u
i(x))＝u
i2(x) x∈Λ
2
(3) multi-viewpoint stereo image is synthetic arranges
Behind the sub sampling to the viewpoint view, how each the visual point image information arrangement behind the sub sampling being synthesized a width of cloth free stereo display image is the key issue of this patent synthetic method.Generally, the synthetic rule of free stereo display image is exactly the rule of many viewpoints arrangement of subpixels, and this many viewpoints arrangement of subpixels is interpreted as the inverse process of sub sampling, only sub sampling is to take out required sub-pixel from the image of different viewpoints, and building-up process is that each the viewpoint sub-pixel that is taken out is reapposed in the same width of cloth stereo-picture.(show the situation at counterclockwise inclination angle, the inclination angle situation is similar with it clockwise) as shown in Figure 6 establishes display point apart from being δ, and resolution is W * H, grating pitch is d, and the angle of inclination is α, and the viewpoint number is N, so, in theory, these parameters should satisfy following relation:
N＝(d/cosα)/(δ/3)
Promptly can place N sub-pixel under each raster unit in the horizontal direction.N can be that integer also can be a non-integer.When N is integer, i.e. ε=N-[N just]=0 o'clock, the synthetic arrangement of multi-viewpoint stereo image is very simple, and soon the sub-pixel information of N visual point image behind the sub sampling is arranged in order under each raster unit.When N is a non-integer, be ε=N-[N] ≠ 0 o'clock, be divided into two kinds of situations: first kind of situation is ε＜0.5, the sub-pixel information that can place [N] individual visual point image under a raster unit this moment, with ε=N-[N under each raster unit] parton pixel idle (promptly be made as null value, do not fill sub-pixel information); Second kind of situation is ε 〉=0.5, and though the sub-pixel information that can place [N]+1 visual point image under raster unit this moment is ε=N-[N under each raster unit] sub-pixel of part less than, will be considered as a sub-pixel by ε.Under second kind of situation, if under each raster unit, all place the sub-pixel information of [N]+1 visual point image, because N is a non-integer, can cause the translation dislocation of each viewpoint sub-pixel information under the raster unit gradually, this dislocation meeting appreciable impact multi-viewpoint three-dimensional impression.In order to proofread and correct this translation dislocation, need to the sub-pixel information of some viewpoints in a plurality of viewpoints under some raster unit give up at random processing (promptly skip, the value of establishing not, continue to fill the sub-pixel information of next viewpoint), this just can in time correct translation dislocation, and above-mentioned randomness can guarantee the play a game imperceptibility of portion's view information loss of human eye again simultaneously.Notice that each viewpoint sub-pixel information of placing under above-mentioned each raster unit is the useful sub-pixel information of handling through sub sampling of each viewpoint.
Determine criterion and sub sampling rule according to sub-pixel, determine the translation distance delta[h of every row (H is capable altogether)] from the image leftmost edge, the translation distance of every row (h is capable) is the unit value with the sub-pixel, and it has determined the original position (consistent with the original position of sub sampling) of the arrangement of subpixels of every row:
delta[h]＝[3h·tanα]％N
From the original position of every row, be a basic arrangement units then, sub-pixel useful in each viewpoint is inserted in the same composograph according to arrangement regulation with every N sub-pixel.In the process of filling,, finally generate the three-dimensional composograph of a width of cloth with behavior unit's circulation H time.
Be applied to specific embodiment by the three-dimensional composition algorithm of the pervasive LCD multi-view auto of the grating that this patent is proposed, can obtain good synthetic effect and three-dimensional impression.The validity of this universal synthesis method has also further been verified in multidigit observer's subjectivity evaluation and test.
This general multi-viewpoint stereo image synthetic method can be widely used in grating LCD multi-view auto stereoscopic display device, helps to promote energetically the industrialization of this kind equipment, has important Practical significance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the LCD free stereo display equipment level cross-sectionn schematic diagram of N viewpoint;
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram that this synthetic method comprises three parts;
Fig. 3 shows the sub-pixel of counterclockwise going up differing tilt angles and determines schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 shows on the clockwise direction sub-pixel of differing tilt angles and determines schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 shows the detail flowchart that sub-pixel is determined criterion;
Fig. 6 shows multi-viewpoint stereo image synthetic parameters schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 shows the practical application that sub-pixel in the illustrated embodiment is determined criterion;
Fig. 8 shows in the illustrated embodiment sub sampling dot matrix to the R component of the 9th viewpoint view;
Fig. 9 shows the prismatic mirror grating stereo display of nine viewpoints arrangement of subpixels rule schematic diagram in the illustrated embodiment;
Embodiment
Below by the specific embodiment of counterclockwise prismatic mirror grating LCD nine viewpoint three-dimensional displays, the implementation process of the universal synthesis method that this patent proposes is described.
20.1 inches LCD auto-stereoscopic displays based on prismatic mirror grating that embodiment adopted are accurately closely to have covered the prismatic runner plate of one deck on 20.1 inches LCD display, and prismatic mirror is with respect to counterclockwise inclination 21.5 degree of display screen vertical edges.The relevant specification of display screen is: highest resolution 1600 * 1200, put apart from 0.255mm the highest refresh rate 85Hz under the ultimate resolution, horizontal view angle scope 176 degree.Prismatic runner plate pitch is 0.6722mm, and pitch length in the horizontal direction is 0.6722mm/cos21.5 °=0.7225mm.
Earlier this three-dimensional display being carried out sub-pixel determines.This prism mirror grating in the counterclockwise direction with inclination alpha=21.5 of vertical line °, structure and queueing discipline according to sub-pixel among the LCD, if the wide of each LCD sub-pixel is unit 1, then high is 3, like this, the wide of being made up of R, G, three sub-pixels of B and high of a pixel is 3, as shown in Figure 7, A among this figure, B, three sub-pixels of C are according to any three adjacent subpixels in the tactic numerous sub-pixels of RGB in the screen.According to the geometrical relationship of prismatic mirror raster unit and sub-pixel, when the right hand edge line of prismatic mirror raster unit is divided intercepting equally to certain sub-pixel, i.e. position shown in Fig. 7 cathetus L is a Δ in the intercept of sub-pixel (sub-pixel C among the figure) lower limb
0:
When supposing that a certain prismatic mirror raster unit right hand edge line intercepts certain capable sub-pixel of n, be Δ in the intercept of sub-pixel lower limb
1:
Δ
1＝3n·tan-[3n·tanα]
Wherein, [] representative rounds operation.Following definite rule is arranged:
Work as Δ
1＞Δ
0The time, as l among Fig. 7
1Shown in the straight line, [3ntan α] individual sub-pixel (sub-pixel B) is defined as belonging to this prism mirror raster unit;
Work as Δ
1≤ Δ
0The time, as l among Fig. 7
2Shown in the straight line, [3ntan α] individual sub-pixel (sub-pixel B) is defined as not belonging to current prismatic mirror raster unit, and the previous sub-pixel (sub-pixel A) of this sub-pixel is defined as belonging to current prismatic mirror raster unit.
This display has been carried out after sub-pixel determines, the sub-pixel of different points of view has been carried out sub sampling.With regard to this embodiment, the view resolution of each viewpoint is 1600 * 1200, the view that synthesizes N=9 viewpoint altogether, final synthetic free stereo image resolution also is 1600 * 1200, the actual like this data volume of using just becomes 1600 * 1200 from 1600 * 1200 * 9, drops to 1/9 of original total amount of data.This process is exactly actual sub sampling process, just with sparse and clocklike dot matrix obtain required useful information to the digital picture of each viewpoint being carried out sub sampling.These sparse dot matrix all are different corresponding to each R, G, the B component of each viewpoint, but its sub sampling rule is basic identical.Fig. 8 shows the R component sub sampling dot matrix that the 9th viewpoint view to prismatic mirror grating LCD freedom three-dimensional display among this embodiment carries out.
Determine criterion and sub sampling rule according to sub-pixel, determine the translation distance delta[h of every row (totally 1200 row)] from the image leftmost edge, the translation distance of every row (h is capable) is the unit value with the sub-pixel, and it has determined the original position (consistent with the original position of sub sampling) of the arrangement of subpixels of every row:
delta[h]＝[3h·tanα]％N
Wherein, N=9, α=21.5 °.
From the original position of every row, be a basic arrangement units then, sub-pixel useful in each viewpoint is inserted in the same composograph according to arrangement regulation with per 9 sub-pixels.In the process of filling, with behavior unit's circulation 1200 times.
Because each oblique raster unit width in the horizontal direction is 0.7225mm on this multi-viewpoint three-dimensional LCD display, and the point of LCD distance is 0.255mm, can obtain that the sub-pixel number is 0.7225/ (0.255/3)=8.5 below the prismatic mirror raster unit, promptly can place 8.5 sub-pixels under a prismatic mirror raster unit.This is for 9 viewpoints, and the width of a raster unit can not be placed the sub-pixel of 9 different points of view fully.For addressing this problem, this embodiment has adopted a kind of concrete arrangement mode, promptly adopt the sub-pixel combinations of 8+9 type, in the 8+9 type 8 is meant under raster unit 8 sub-pixels only having deposited when placing sub-pixel in 9 corresponding viewpoint sub-pixels, the sub-pixel of having ignored a viewpoint, just in the parallelogram zone of the individual sub-pixel of 8 * 3 (wide * height), only deposited 8 pixels in 9 viewpoint pixels in the inclination mode, cast out the pixel of a viewpoint.For 9 situation in the 8+9 type, then successfully 9 corresponding viewpoint sub-pixels are placed on the corresponding arrangement position, make each viewpoint all have pixel to be placed in the parallelogram zone of the individual sub-pixel of 9 * 3 (wide * height).For whole composograph, can not be with all arrangement of subpixels all according to the 8+9 type arrangement, otherwise can cause the arrangement error accumulation of sub-pixel, cause a sub-pixel under the raster unit to be offset out this raster unit scope gradually, thereby cause distortion.Therefore, occur for preventing above situation, this embodiment has adopted 8+9 type and 9+8 type staggered being spaced in vertical direction, makes the macroscopic view arrangement of view picture stereo-picture approach ideal situation like this.Fig. 9 shows the schematic diagram of this aligning method.
For 8 situation in 8+9 type or the 9+8 type, must cast out the sub-pixel of a viewpoint.The sub-pixel what rule to cast out which viewpoint with is a difficult problem.Generally speaking, periodically cast out some viewpoints in 8 situations or all can bring discernable distortion on the composograph with the sub-pixel that certain rule is periodically cast out several viewpoints.Here adopted a pseudo-random function to produce number between one 1 to 9 randomly, to assist to determine to cast out under 8 the situation sub-pixel of which viewpoint.Has pseudo-randomness owing to be rejected the sub-pixel of viewpoint, so can obtain the equilibrium of each viewpoint in final three-dimensional composograph, the local slight distortion that occurs can be considered faint Gaussian noise, and human eye almost can't be discovered it, thereby can not influence three-dimensional impression.The 1st, 2 row have adopted the 8+9 type as can see from Figure 9, and pseudo-random function has been cast out viewpoint 5; 3rd, 4,5 row adopt the 9+8 type, and pseudo-random function has been cast out viewpoint 8; 6th, 7,8 row adopt the 8+9 type again, and pseudo-random function has been cast out viewpoint 9.Because 8+9 type and 9+8 type alternately occur, so almost the sub-pixel of any one viewpoint all is on the straight line consistent with prismatic mirror grating slope direction, as the 7th viewpoint among Fig. 9.
The universal synthesis method of this patent is applied to this embodiment, has obtained good stereoeffect.Equally, the universal synthesis method of this patent is applicable in the various grating LCD multi-view auto stereoscopic display devices of same type, different parameters configuration.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of based on grating LCD freedom three-dimensional display multi-viewpoint stereo image synthetic method, comprise the steps:
Step 1: at first determine that according to the inclination angle of grating certain sub-pixel on the LCD screen belongs to the control range of which raster unit actually, described raster unit refers to a prismatic mirror or a slit;
Step 2: come the view of each viewpoint is carried out sub sampling according to the arrangement of subpixels under each raster unit;
Step 3: each the viewpoint arrangement of subpixels behind the sub sampling is synthesized a width of cloth free stereo display image.
2, described a kind of according to claim 1 based on grating LCD freedom three-dimensional display multi-viewpoint stereo image synthetic method, it is characterized in that the detailed process of described step 1 is as follows:
(1) when angle between directional light grid line and the display screen left hand edge vertical line is the counter clockwise direction angle of inclination:
The angle of inclination of definition grating and vertical line is α, 0 °＜α＜90 °;
When the right hand edge line of definition raster unit was divided intercepting equally to certain sub-pixel, the intercept on the next sub-pixel lower limb adjacent with current sub-pixel was a Δ
0N:
The right hand edge line of definition raster unit is divided when intercepting equally to certain sub-pixel, is (1-Δ in the intercept of current sub-pixel lower limb
0C):
When definition raster unit right hand edge line intercepts certain capable sub-pixel of n, be Δ in the intercept of current sub-pixel lower limb
1:
Δ
1＝3n·tanα-[3n·tanα]
Wherein, [] representative rounds operation;
When α 〉=18.4 °, and Δ
1〉=Δ
0NThe time, be that [3ntan α] individual sub-pixel is defined as belonging to current raster unit with the sub-pixel of being cut apart;
When α 〉=18.4 °, and Δ
1＜Δ
0NThe time, [3ntan α] individual sub-pixel is defined as not belonging to current raster unit, and [3ntan α]-1 sub-pixel is defined as belonging to current raster unit;
When α＜18.4 °, and Δ
1〉=(1-Δ
0C) time, be that ([3ntan α]+1) individual sub-pixel is defined as belonging to current raster unit with the sub-pixel of being cut apart;
When α＜18.4 °, and Δ
1＜(1-Δ
0C) time, ([3ntan α]+1) individual sub-pixel is defined as not belonging to current raster unit, and [3ntan α] individual sub-pixel is defined as belonging to current raster unit;
(2) when the angle of inclination between raster unit and the screen vertical line is the clockwise direction inclination:
The definition monitor resolution is W * H;
Angle of inclination between definition raster unit and the screen vertical line is β, 0 °＜β＜90 °;
When the right hand edge line of definition raster unit was divided intercepting equally to certain sub-pixel, the intercept on the previous sub-pixel lower limb of current sub-pixel was (1-a Δ
0F):
The right hand edge line of definition raster unit is divided when intercepting equally to certain sub-pixel, is Δ in the intercept of current sub-pixel lower limb
0C:
When definition raster unit right hand edge line intercepts certain capable sub-pixel of n, be (1-Δ in the intercept of current sub-pixel lower limb
2):
1-Δ
2＝1-(3n·tanβ-[3n·tanβ])＝[3n·tanβ]+1-3n·tanβ
Wherein, [] representative rounds operation;
When β 〉=18.4 °, and (1-Δ
2) 〉=(1-Δ
0F) time, i.e. Δ
2≤ Δ
0FThe time, (3W-[3ntan β]+1) individual sub-pixel is defined as belonging to current raster unit with;
When β 〉=18.4 °, and (1-Δ
2)＜(1-Δ
0F) be Δ
2＞Δ
0FThe time, (3W-[3ntan β]+1) individual sub-pixel is defined as not belonging to current raster unit with, and the previous sub-pixel of this sub-pixel (3W-[3ntan β]) is defined as belonging to current raster unit;
When β＜18.4 °, and (1-Δ
2) 〉=Δ
0CThe time, (3W-[3ntan β]+1) individual sub-pixel is defined as belonging to current raster unit with;
When β＜18.4 °, and (1-Δ
2)＜Δ
0CThe time, (3W-[3ntan β]+1) individual sub-pixel is defined as not belonging to current raster unit with; And the previous sub-pixel of this sub-pixel (3W-[3ntan β]) is defined as belonging to current raster unit.
3, described a kind of according to claim 1 based on grating LCD freedom three-dimensional display multi-viewpoint stereo image synthetic method, it is characterized in that the detailed process of described step 3 is as follows:
Definition:
Display point is apart from being δ, and resolution is W * H, and grating pitch is d, and the angle of inclination is α, and the viewpoint number is N, and so, in theory, these parameters should satisfy following relation:
N＝(d/cosα)/(δ/3)
Promptly can place N sub-pixel under each raster unit in the horizontal direction; N can be that integer also can be a non-integer;
When N is integer, i.e. ε=N-[N just]=0 o'clock, the sub-pixel information of the visual point image of the N behind the sub sampling is arranged in order under each raster unit;
When N is non-integer, i.e. ε=N-[N] ≠ 0 o'clock, be divided into two kinds of situations:
First kind of situation is ε＜0.5, and the sub-pixel information that can place [N] individual visual point image under raster unit this moment is with ε=N-[N under each raster unit] the parton pixel idle, promptly be made as null value, do not fill sub-pixel information;
Second kind of situation is ε 〉=0.5, and though the sub-pixel information that can place [N]+1 visual point image under raster unit this moment is ε=N-[N under each raster unit] sub-pixel of part less than, will be considered as a sub-pixel by ε; Need give up processing at random to the sub-pixel information of some viewpoints in a plurality of viewpoints under some raster unit, be the translation dislocation that non-integer causes with timely correction N;
According to sub-pixel judgment criterion and sub sampling rule, determine the capable translation distance delta[h of every row h] from the image leftmost edge, the translation distance of every row is the unit value with the sub-pixel, and it has determined the arrangement of subpixels original position consistent with the original position of sub sampling of every row:
delta[h]＝[3h·tanα]％N
From the original position of every row, be a basic arrangement units then, sub-pixel useful in each viewpoint is inserted in the same composograph according to arrangement regulation with every N sub-pixel; In the process of filling,, finally generate the three-dimensional composograph of a width of cloth with behavior unit's circulation H time.
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