CN114063310B - Light field slice source viewpoint confirmation method - Google Patents
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0012—Optical design, e.g. procedures, algorithms, optimisation routines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
- G02B30/29—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays characterised by the geometry of the lenticular array, e.g. slanted arrays, irregular arrays or arrays of varying shape or size
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/30—Image reproducers
- H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
- H04N13/305—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using lenticular lenses, e.g. arrangements of cylindrical lenses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/30—Image reproducers
- H04N13/349—Multi-view displays for displaying three or more geometrical viewpoints without viewer tracking
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of naked eye 3D display, and discloses a light field slice source viewpoint confirmation method, which comprises the following steps: s1: the angle is adjusted, the rectangular optical device is tightly attached to the display screen and is aligned strictly after being inclined for a certain angle, and the number of the cylindrical lenses spanned by a single sub-image in the image source in the horizontal direction is N (N is more than 2); s2: setting parameters, namely setting the width w of the display sub-pixels, the inclination angle a, the section width P of the cylindrical lenses, the number X of single-lens single-row covering sub-pixels, the number N of the cylindrical lenses crossed by a single sub-image in the horizontal direction, and the number M of the sub-pixels of the single sub-image in the horizontal direction; s3: and calculating the number of viewpoints. The invention determines the minimum repeatable unit by analyzing the number N of the horizontal crossing cylindrical lenses of a single sub-image, reduces the number of parallax images and improves the processing speed under the condition of ensuring the monocular definition, binocular parallax and large depth of field of the stereoscopic display.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of naked eye 3D display, in particular to a light field slice source viewpoint confirmation method.
Background
In recent years, three-dimensional imaging and display technologies have been attracting more and more attention, and because of the complete parallax, continuous view point, no need of any observation glasses and special illumination, integrated imaging based on microlens arrays has emerged and gradually developed into an autostereoscopic display technology with the most potential and prospect, the left and right eyes of a person have a distance, and the viewing angles of the two eyes have slight differences, and such differences can cause the scenes observed by the left and right eyes to slightly shift, so that stereoscopic images are formed in the brain of the person, and such differences are called parallax.
The next generation high resolution three-dimensional display technology can perfectly present rich information such as positions, angles, colors, detail features and the like of all objects in a three-dimensional scene, has continuous visual angles and spatial depth sense, and is more in line with the viewing habit of human eyes, but the data volume required by display needs to be increased by 2-3 orders of magnitude compared with the existing system. The huge amount of information places higher demands on the high-speed characterization of complex scenes, the spatial bandwidth product of real-time optical wave field description and reproduction systems. The image source processing method which must be used for three-dimensional display of massive information becomes particularly important.
The super multi-view stereoscopic display can increase the angular resolution and improve the stereoscopic imaging effect, but has the main problems that a large number of parallax images are required, parallax intervals are small, and the acquisition of an image source is difficult. The patent CN 103813153A adopts a method of weighting and taking values of adjacent viewpoints, but the number of viewpoints and the number of parallax images are still equal. In the correspondence relationship between the cylindrical lenses and the pixels proposed in the philips literature or patent such as "CHARACTERISATION AND OPTIMISATION OF 3D-LCD MODULE DESIGN", although there are cases where a single sheet spans a plurality of lenses, a method is adopted in which the number of viewpoints and the number of parallax images are equal. The sparse view synthesis multi-view proposed by university of Sichuan such as 1D integral imaging based on parallax images'virtual reconstruction, however, the number of the sparse views proposed by the university of Sichuan is not determined by combining the number of the periodic numbers N, so that a relatively scientific method for determining the number of the sparse views does not exist at present.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) solving the technical problems
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a light field slice source viewpoint confirming method, which solves the problems that the number of sparse viewpoints which cannot be used for super multi-viewpoint three-dimensional display is confirmed, the processing speed is low and the requirements of people cannot be met.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a light field slice source viewpoint confirming method comprises the following steps:
s1: the angle is adjusted, the rectangular optical device is tightly attached to the display screen and is aligned strictly after being inclined for a certain angle, and the number of the cylindrical lenses spanned by a single sub-image in the image source in the horizontal direction is N (N is more than 2);
s2: setting parameters, namely setting the width w of the display sub-pixel, the inclination angle a, the section width P of the cylindrical lens, the number X of single-lens single-row covering sub-pixels, the number N of cylindrical lenses crossed by a single sub-image in the horizontal direction, and the number M of sub-pixels of the single sub-image in the horizontal direction, wherein the following relation is satisfied: n=m/X, i.e., in the horizontal direction, the single-row viewpoint arrangement period is equal to the product of the number of sub-pixels covered by the single lens in the horizontal direction and the number of cylindrical lenses spanned by the single lens;
s3: after the number of viewpoints is calculated and N is determined, starting from the first viewpoint, every N viewpoints come from the same Zhang Shicha graph, namely, N viewpoints have no parallax, and the required total parallax graph number Q meets the formula:
ntot is the total number of views, ceil is an upward rounding symbol, and if the sub-picture interval corresponding to the horizontal binocular interval of 6.5cm is c at the optimal viewing position, the total number of final effective views should satisfy the formula: q_final=mod (Q/c), and the number of viewpoints is calculated by a formula.
As still further scheme of the present invention, the number X of sub-pixels covered by the single lens in S2 satisfies the following relation: x=p/(w×cos θ), that is, the number of sub-pixels covered by the single lens X is equal to the horizontal pitch width of the cylindrical lens divided by the single sub-pixel width, and X may be a non-integer.
Further, the number N of the lenticular lenses spanned by the single sub-graph in the horizontal direction in S2, the lenticular lens array may be aligned with the display strictly with N as a period, and N is an integer greater than 2.
On the basis of the scheme, the number M of the sub-pixels of the single sub-image in the horizontal direction in the S2 is periodically distributed in each row by taking the number of the sub-pixels of the sub-image in the row as a period, and the period is M.
Further, the total parallax map number Q in S3 is a sparse viewpoint, and in the period N of the cylindrical lenses, N viewpoints with the closest corresponding positions under each cylindrical lens come from the same parallax map.
(III) beneficial effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a light field slice source viewpoint confirmation method, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention determines the minimum repeatable unit by analyzing the number N of the horizontal crossing cylindrical lenses of a single sub-image, reduces the number of parallax images and improves the processing speed under the condition of ensuring the monocular definition, binocular parallax and large depth of field of the stereoscopic display.
2. In the invention, the cylindrical lens array can be aligned with the display strictly by taking N as a period, and N is an integer larger than 2, so that the depth of field sense of stereoscopic display can be improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a light field source viewpoint confirming method according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a depth of field analysis principle of a light field source viewpoint confirming method according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating pixel correspondence of an embodiment 1 of a light field source viewpoint confirming method according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating pixel correspondence of embodiment 2 of a light field source viewpoint confirming method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The depth of field value of the stereoscopic display should satisfy the following relation:
depth＝4*λ*(L/P) 2 (1)
where L is the lens imaging distance, P is the lens pitch width, and λ is the wavelength. The depth value depth is proportional to L and λ and inversely proportional to P. However, L and λ are fixed values, so the depth value of the stereoscopic display has only a relation to the lens pitch width P.
Setting the width w of the display sub-pixel, the inclination angle a, the section width P of the column lens, the number X of single-lens single-row covering sub-pixels, the number N of the column lenses crossed by a single sub-image in the horizontal direction, and the number M of the sub-pixels of the single sub-image in the horizontal direction, and meeting the following relation:
N*X＝M (2)
the number X of the sub-pixels covered by the single lens is characterized in that: the relation is satisfied:
X＝P/(w*cosθ) (3)
bringing formula (3) into formula (2) yields:
N*P＝(w*cosθ)*M (4)
wherein the sub-pixel width w is a constant value, and if the cylindrical lens inclination angle θ and the number M of sub-pixels of a single sub-image in the horizontal direction are both constant values, the number N of periods can be increased only to decrease P.
After determining the pitch P and the number of cycles N, according to the viewpoint arrangement formula:
and finishing the viewpoint distribution table for naked eye stereoscopic display.
The conventional method has a relatively difficult practical operation because of the parallax map of the total viewpoint Ntot. Further, since in the case of supermultiple viewpoints, the observer receives, at the optimal viewing distance L, not just one viewpoint but image information from a plurality of viewpoints. If the parallax between these viewpoints is too large, monocular crosstalk is caused, and the viewing effect is adversely affected. In view of the above, the present invention proposes to acquire the sparse view number based on the number of periods N.
After N is determined, starting from the first viewpoint, every N viewpoints come from the same Zhang Shicha graph, in other words there is no disparity between the N viewpoints. Then the total number of disparity maps Q needed satisfies the formula:
wherein Ntot is the total number of views and ceil is the rounded up symbol.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-3, a light field slice source viewpoint confirmation method includes the steps of:
setting the display sub-pixel width w=0.0191 mm, the inclination angle a=18.43°, when the number of cylindrical lenses n=3 spanned in the horizontal direction by a single sub-image, the cylindrical lens pitch width p=0.1 mm, the number of single-lens single-row covered sub-pixels x= 5.667, and the number of single sub-images m=17 in the horizontal direction, the pixel distribution shown in fig. 3 can be obtained according to the formula (5).
In fig. 3, since n=3, the total sparse view number should be at least 7 according to formula (6), dark gray view 1, view 2 and view 3 are the 3 views with the closest corresponding positions in one lenticular cycle, and when the pixels are filled, they will come from the same sparse disparity map, and similarly, light gray view 4, view 5 and view 6 will come from the same sparse disparity map, and similarly, the other views will come from the same sparse disparity map.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1-2 and 4, a light field slice source viewpoint confirmation method includes the steps of:
the display sub-pixel width w=0.0191 mm, the inclination angle a= 9.4623 °, when the number of cylindrical lenses spanned in the horizontal direction by a single sub-image n=3, the number of single-lens single-row covered sub-pixels x= 5.3333, the number of single sub-image sub-pixels in the horizontal direction m=16, and the total viewpoint number 34. The pixel distribution shown in fig. 4 can be obtained according to formula (5).
Then in fig. 4, since n=3, the total sparse view number should be at least 12 according to equation (6). In one lenticular cycle, the view 1, the view 2 and the view 3 are 3 views with the closest corresponding positions, and when pixels are filled, the views come from the same sparse disparity map, and similarly, the light gray view 4, the view 5 and the view 6 come from the same sparse disparity map, and similarly, the other views are also similar.
In this description, it should be noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The light field slice source viewpoint confirming method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: the angle is adjusted, the rectangular optical device is tightly attached to the display screen and is aligned strictly after being inclined by a certain angle, the number of the cylindrical lenses spanned by a single sub-image in the image source in the horizontal direction is N, and N is an integer larger than 2;
s2: setting parameters, namely setting the width w of the display sub-pixel, the inclination angle a, the section width P of the cylindrical lens, the number X of single-lens single-row covering sub-pixels, the number N of cylindrical lenses crossed by a single sub-image in the horizontal direction, and the number M of sub-pixels of the single sub-image in the horizontal direction, wherein the following relation is satisfied: n=m/X, that is, in the horizontal direction, the single-row viewpoint arrangement period is equal to the product of the number of sub-pixels covered by the single lens in the horizontal direction and the number of cylindrical lenses spanned by the single lens;
s3: after the number of viewpoints is calculated and N is determined, starting from the first viewpoint, every N viewpoints come from the same Zhang Shicha graph, namely, N viewpoints have no parallax, and the required total parallax graph number Q meets the formula:
ntot is the total number of views, ceil is an upward rounding symbol, and if the sub-picture interval corresponding to the horizontal binocular interval of 6.5cm is c at the optimal viewing position, the total number of final effective views should satisfy the formula: q_final=mod (Q/c), and the final effective view total, i.e., the view number, is calculated by a formula.
2. The method for confirming the source viewpoint of a light field chip according to claim 1, wherein the number X of sub-pixels covered by the single lens in S2 satisfies the following relation: x=p/(w×cos θ), that is, the number of sub-pixels covered by the single lens X is equal to the horizontal pitch width of the cylindrical lens divided by the single sub-pixel width, and X may be a non-integer.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the number N of the cylindrical lenses spanned by the single sub-image in the horizontal direction in S2, the cylindrical lens array is strictly aligned with the display with N as a period, and N is an integer greater than 2.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in S2, the number M of sub-pixels of a single sub-image in a horizontal direction is periodically distributed in each row on the image source view distribution with the number M of sub-pixels occupied by the sub-image in the row as a period, and the period is M.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the total number of parallax images Q in S3 is a sparse number of viewpoints, and N viewpoints with the closest positions under each lens are from the same parallax image in the lens period N.
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