CN100564809C - 用于翼型部的冷却系统 - Google Patents
用于翼型部的冷却系统 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
- F01D5/18—Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
- F01D5/187—Convection cooling
- F01D5/188—Convection cooling with an insert in the blade cavity to guide the cooling fluid, e.g. forming a separation wall
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
- F01D5/18—Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
- F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
一种用于翼型部(12)的冷却系统,其包括供应有冷却介质的前部冷却回路(22)和后部冷却回路(24)。每一冷却回路包括多个蛇形通道(36)、(38)、(46)、(48)、(50)。中心肋(34)使得前部冷却回路和后部冷却回路分开,并且包括靠近翼型部末端的孔(70),以便使得来自前部冷却回路的冷却介质喷向该末端盖的后部。该末端盖具有沿其外侧表面的隔热涂层(62)以及在末端盖的凹座(58)上的隔热涂层,由此降低末端盖金属温度和由热引发的应力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于涡轮机的叶片,尤其涉及用于翼型部特别是翼型部末端的冷却系统。
背景技术
随着现今的燃气涡轮机中的气体燃烧温度的升高,沿涡轮机的热气路径的各个部分暴露于较高的热负荷环境。呈现出热负荷显著增加的一个区域是燃气涡轮机转子上的翼型部的末端。过大的热负荷导致翼型部末端盖氧化且出现蠕变损坏。尽管更厚的和更耐氧化且不易发生蠕变的不同材料代替了现有技术中的翼型部末端盖结构,但是显示出这样的情况,即,尽管采用这些更厚的且不同的材料,但是不可接受的末端盖应力水平仍增大。因此,存在这样的需要,即提供一种用于涡轮机叶片的翼型部末端盖的冷却系统,特别是在不增加总的涡轮机冷却流的情况下,该冷却系统可降低末端盖金属温度并且降低由热引起的应力。
发明内容
在本发明的优选实施例中,提供了一种用于燃气涡轮机的叶片,其包括:翼型部、柄部、和在该翼型部与该柄部之间的平台部。该翼型部包括冷却回路,其具有用于冷却介质在该翼型部内流动的多个通道,还包括至少一个在该翼型部的相对侧之间延伸的肋,以便将该冷却回路分成前部冷却回路和后部冷却回路。该翼型部还包括具有开口的翼型部末端和固定到该翼型部上以便封闭该开口的末端盖。该肋具有孔,以便使得冷却介质的一部分流向该末端盖从而冲击冷却该末端盖。
在本发明的另一优选实施例中,提供了一种用于燃气涡轮机的叶片,其包括翼型部、柄部、和在该翼型部与该柄部之间的平台部,该翼型部包括冷却回路,其具有用于冷却介质在该翼型部内流动的多个通道。该翼型部包括具有开口的末端和固定到该翼型部上以便封闭该开口的末端盖。该末端盖具有沿其外侧表面涂敷的隔热部。优选的是,该翼型部具有靠近末端盖的凹座,以便接纳该末端盖,并且该凹座也具有涂敷的隔热部。
附图说明
图1是依据本发明的优选方面的燃气涡轮机的叶片及其冷却系统的截面示意图;
图2是图1所示的翼型部的末端部分的放大截面图;
图3是大致径向向内观察的端视图;和
图4是安装在翼型部的末端上的末端盖的断面立体图。
具体实施方式
现参照图1,其中由附图标记10总体上表示用于未示出的燃气涡轮机转子的叶片,其包括翼型部12、柄部14、和在翼型部12与柄部14之间的平台部16。如图1所示,叶片12包括由附图标记20总体上表示的冷却回路,在翼型部内其具有用于冷却介质例如空气流动的多个通道。特别是,应当理解冷气空气例如压缩机排出空气可供应到翼型部冷却回路20,该冷却回路20包括前部冷却回路22和后部冷却回路24。入口26和28分别靠近柄部14的基部,如图所示,所述入口均提供一对入口端口,以便用于冷却介质优选为压缩机排出空气流入相应的前部冷却回路22和后部冷却回路24。
前部冷却回路22包括多个大致蛇形构形的通道,其由肋30和32且部分地由中心肋34形成,所述肋在翼型部的相对侧之间延伸。因此,冷却介质例如压缩机排出空气流经入口26沿大致径向向外的方向在肋30和34之间进入通道36,在翼型部末端反向以便沿大致径向向内的方向在肋30和32之间流经通道38,并且沿大致径向向外的方向转向以便流经沿前缘间隔开的一系列的薄膜冷却孔39(参见图3)。起补充作用的通道40还可将冷却介质直接供应到前缘薄膜冷却孔39。
后部冷却回路24包括在翼型部的相对侧之间延伸的一对肋42和44。因此,冷却介质经入口28沿大致径向向外的方向流经中心肋34和肋42之间的通道46,在翼型部的末端处反向以便沿大致径向向内的方向流经通道48,并且最终沿径向向外的方向流经在肋44和后缘之间的通道50。在通道50中的且沿后缘的未示出的壁具有孔,以便冷却介质流经后缘冷却孔52(参见图3)。
参照图3,翼型部末端设置有由凹座58限定的开口56。末端盖60(参见图4设置在开口56中位于凹座58上)。末端盖60适于在凹座58上固定到翼型部末端上,以便封闭开口56。然而,末端盖60具有贯穿其的小开口,以便将小部分的冷却介质排出到热气路径中,例如将颗粒物排放到热气路径中。如上所述,所希望的是,在不从总的涡轮机冷却流中抽取额外的冷却空气的情况下,降低末端盖金属温度和在末端盖中的由热引起应力。
为了部分地实现该目的,末端盖60的径向外端面设置有等离子喷涂的粘合涂层和隔热涂层(TBC)62。粘合涂层和隔热涂层可分别包括例如MCrALY的耐氧化合金和由氧化钇稳定化的氧化锆,如美国专利No.6730413所述,其内容通过引证在此引入。还可使用其它类型的粘合涂层和隔热涂层。另外,凹座58即开口56的边缘可相似地设置有粘合涂层和隔热涂层。这些层保护末端盖不受流经气体路径的热气高温的影响。
另外,本发明的冷却回路20提供了末端盖60的底侧的有效冷却。特别是,冷却空气经孔流出前部冷却回路,以便对末端盖60进行冲击冷却。如图1和2所示,中心肋34设置有靠近翼型部末端且紧靠在末端盖60的下方的孔70。该孔70沿径向向外的方向朝向末端盖的后部倾斜。末端盖的后部构造成该末端盖的最热的部分。因此,来自前部冷却回路22的冷却空气的喷射冲击经孔70引射到末端盖60的后部的底侧上。通过深思远虑地选择入口26和28的尺寸,可在后部冷却回路24中形成相对于前部冷却回路22的压力降,以便穿过肋34的冲击孔70充分具有引发喷射可能性从而实现对于末端盖60的冲击冷却,该冲击孔70使得前部和后部冷却回路分隔开。在入口26和28中可使用未示出的节流板,其尺寸也可确定成便于使得总的叶片冷却流保持与现有技术的结构的情况相同,同时使得更多的冷却空气流向后部冷却回路。因此,流经孔70的喷射冲击冷却与在末端盖60的外表面上以及末端盖60的凹座58上的隔热涂层(TBC)62的组合效果,降低了末端盖金属温度和由热引起的应力。
尽管本发明参照现在认为是最实用且优选的实施例进行了描述,但是应当理解本发明不限于这些所披露的实施例,而相反的是,本发明旨在覆盖由后附的权利要求来限定的精神和范围内的各种变型和等效结构。
部件表
10 叶片
12 翼型部
14 柄部
22 前部冷却回路
24 后部冷却回路
34 肋
39 薄膜冷却孔
52 开口
56 开口
58 凹座
60 末端盖
62 隔热
70 孔
36、38、46、48、50 通道
Claims (7)
1.一种用于燃气涡轮机的叶片(10),其包括:
翼型部(12)、柄部(14)、和在该翼型部与该柄部之间的平台部(16);
该翼型部包括冷却回路(20),其具有用于冷却介质在该翼型部内流动的多个通道(36、38、46、48、50);
至少一个在该翼型部的相对侧之间延伸的肋(34),以便将该冷却回路分成前部冷却回路(22)和后部冷却回路(24),前部冷却回路(22)和后部冷却回路(24)的冷却入口分别靠近柄部的基部;
该翼型部包括具有开口(56)的翼型部末端;
固定到该翼型部上以便封闭该开口的末端盖(60);
该肋(34)具有孔(70),以便使得冷却介质的一部分从所述前部冷却回路(22)流向所述后部冷却回路(24),所述孔(70)将冷却介质倾斜引向该末端盖从而冲击冷却该末端盖。
2.如权利要求1所述的叶片,其特征在于,所述前部冷却回路和所述后部冷却回路均包括由该肋(34)部分地限定的多个蛇形通道(36、38、46、48、50)。
3.如权利要求1所述的叶片,其特征在于,该翼型部包括沿翼型部的前缘部分的薄膜冷却孔(39),以便使得来自该前部冷却回路的空气流经该薄膜冷却孔以便对该翼型部进行薄膜冷却。
4.如权利要求3所述的叶片,其特征在于,该翼型部包括穿过后缘的且与后部冷却回路(24)连通的多个开口(52),以便冷却该后缘。
5.如权利要求1所述的叶片,其特征在于,该末端盖具有沿其外侧表面的隔热涂层(62)。
6.如权利要求1所述的叶片,其特征在于,该翼型部末端包括用于接纳该末端盖的凹座(58),该凹座具有隔热涂层(62)。
7.如权利要求1所述的叶片,其特征在于,该翼型部末端包括用于接纳该末端盖的凹座(58),该凹座具有隔热涂层(62),该末端盖具有沿其外侧表面的隔热涂层(62)。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/990,961 US7168921B2 (en) | 2004-11-18 | 2004-11-18 | Cooling system for an airfoil |
US10/990961 | 2004-11-18 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1776199A CN1776199A (zh) | 2006-05-24 |
CN100564809C true CN100564809C (zh) | 2009-12-02 |
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CNB2005101267612A Active CN100564809C (zh) | 2004-11-18 | 2005-11-18 | 用于翼型部的冷却系统 |
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US (1) | US7168921B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1659263B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2006144786A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100564809C (zh) |
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2004
- 2004-11-18 US US10/990,961 patent/US7168921B2/en active Active
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2005
- 2005-11-04 JP JP2005320297A patent/JP2006144786A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-11-14 EP EP05257023.1A patent/EP1659263B1/en active Active
- 2005-11-18 CN CNB2005101267612A patent/CN100564809C/zh active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN1776199A (zh) | 2006-05-24 |
EP1659263B1 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
US20060104813A1 (en) | 2006-05-18 |
US7168921B2 (en) | 2007-01-30 |
JP2006144786A (ja) | 2006-06-08 |
EP1659263A3 (en) | 2009-12-16 |
EP1659263A2 (en) | 2006-05-24 |
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