CN100562731C - A kind of space reflection type optical remote sensor main mirror face deformation detecting method and system - Google Patents
A kind of space reflection type optical remote sensor main mirror face deformation detecting method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN100562731C CN100562731C CNB2008100574462A CN200810057446A CN100562731C CN 100562731 C CN100562731 C CN 100562731C CN B2008100574462 A CNB2008100574462 A CN B2008100574462A CN 200810057446 A CN200810057446 A CN 200810057446A CN 100562731 C CN100562731 C CN 100562731C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of space reflection type optical remote sensor main mirror face deformation detection system, this system comprises: primary mirror, secondary mirror, spotlight source device, beam-splitter, sampling mirror and Electro-Optical Sensor Set, and wherein, the sampling mirror has a plurality of and all is rigidly connected with primary mirror; The present invention also discloses a kind of space reflection type optical remote sensor main mirror face deformation detecting method, by at main mirror face distortion takes place before and after, sensing point light source light wave reflexes to the centroid position of formed each hot spot on the sniffer successively by beam-splitter, secondary mirror, each sampling mirror, secondary mirror and beam-splitter, obtain each facula mass center position deviation amount of distortion front and back; According to departure, calculate primary mirror and change in the slope local of each sampling Jing Chu; And then draw main mirror face deformation and distribute.Utilize the present invention, can make survey be subjected to when main mirror face changes the objective condition restriction less, energy resource consumption is little, disguise is strong, and enough signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio)s can be provided, and surveys required simple and reliable for structurely, detection process is simple and convenient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Detection Techniques of reflection-type optical imaging system main mirror face deformation, refer in particular to a kind of detection method and system of space reflection type optical remote sensor main mirror face deformation.
Background technology
Development along with the space science technology, space optical remote sensor is being brought into play more and more important effect in terrestrial information obtains, for example: can utilize space optical remote sensor to carry out forest fire early warning, weather forecast, crops monitoring, especially carry out space reconnaissance or the like.Space optical remote sensor has advantages such as scope of inspection is wide, resolution is high, real-time, is modernization, high-performance, is not subjected to the space flight of territory restriction to supervise instrument, has become the space flight project that each country competitively develops.
In actual applications, because the factors such as instability in gravity field, temperature field can cause the main mirror face of space optical remote sensor to produce distortion, and then cause the resolving power of space optical remote sensor and measuring accuracy to descend, the degree of accuracy and the accuracy of data obtained in influence, therefore, the main mirror face deformation that factors such as gravity field, temperature field are caused is surveyed and is carried out according to result of detection that face shape is proofreaied and correct or data processing is necessary to recover due resolving power as far as possible.
At present, the main mirror face deformation of space optical remote sensor is surveyed, topmost method is to choose suitable beacon space optical remote sensor is carried out Wavefront detecting.But, when choosing beacon, should consider of the influence of external environment factor to space optical remote sensor, the volume, energy resource consumption of selected beacon, the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) that can provide also will be provided, and the disguise of selected beacon etc., as seen, select suitable beacon and be not easy.
Up to now, during the main mirror face deformation of space exploration optical sensor, selected beacon mainly is a beacon in nature star beacon, laser guiding beacon, extended beacon and the machine.
Adopt nature star beacon (Zhou Renzhong, Yan Jixiang, Yu's letter, " adaptive optics " that Zhao Dazun, Cao Genrui write, Beijing, National Defense Industry Press, 1996) time, the plane wave front when choosing light wave that nature star in space sends and arriving space optical remote sensor is calculated the face deformation of primary mirror as measuring basis by the wavefront shape of surveying remote sensor primary mirror reflecting light.Since as the spacecraft of space optical remote sensor carrier when orbiting round the earth, the optical axis of space optical remote sensor is often also rotating, so need a search follower that the optical axis of remote sensor is locked on the nature star direction in addition, make whole detecting structure more complicated; More seriously, adopt the nature star to be not suitable for space optical remote sensor as beacon and use when the earth observation, this is because the earth will block the light wave from natural star.
When utilizing the laser guiding, if laser instrument is installed in ground (Foy.R, Labeyrie.A as beacon, Feasibility of adaptive telescope with laser probe[J], Ast.Astrophy, 1985,152:129-131), then the operational area of remote sensor will be seriously limited; If laser instrument is installed in (B.K.Mc Comas on the remote sensor, E.J.Friedman, Wavefront sensing for deformable space-based opticsexploiting natural and synthetic guide stars[J], Opt.Eng, 2002,41 (8): 2039-2049), then need additional laser, with the aerial diffuse lightwave wavefront of laser as measuring basis.Except the energy supply that needs complicated additional structure and be difficult for realizing, also exist disguised bad problem-remote sensor when atmosphere middle layer emission laser forms beacon, this laser also will pass atmospheric envelope and directive ground, this part light not only will cause ground unrest, and easily by ground-level finding.
Extended beacon (T.R.Rimmele, Solar Adaptive Optics[J], Proc.SPIE, 2000,4007:218-231) choose the observing object of large area region itself as beacon, utilize Wavefront sensor to carry out Wavefront detecting then, normally utilize Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (Genrui Cao and Xin Yu, Study on the Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor[J], Proc.SPIE, 1992,1752:112-119) carry out Wavefront detecting.But it needs the enough big extended beacon of brightness, as sun surface, and will be subjected to the restriction of many objective condition when being applied to earth observation from space, for example whether the texture structure of terrain object is abundant, whether reflectivity is enough big, the sun is to the restriction of the irradiating angle on ground and terrestrial climate, visibility etc., makes and can't realize Wavefront detecting because of surveying the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) deficiency in many situations.
Beacon (Cao Genrui in the machine, Zhu Qiudong, Su Peng, a kind of novel from referenced Hartmann wavefront sensor [J], photoelectric project, 2004,31 (6): be to utilize the pentaprism of the scanning motion done that is arranged on the primary mirror outside that the spotlight source device by internal system is carried out sampled measurements at the light wave that primary mirror minute surface face shape takes place to be sent before and after the distortion at the diverse location place 1-4), with acquisition light wave slope variation, thereby the distortion of deriving main mirror face distributes.This method makes detection not limited by objective condition because of beacon being arranged on internal system, requires also lower to energy consumption.But this method need be not less than the mechanical scanner of primary mirror bore in the primary mirror outer setting, and structure is comparatively complicated, and weight is bigger, and because of adopting sequence scanning that detection time is prolonged, is not well suited for space optical remote sensor.
Therefore, seek a kind of suitable beacon that can overcome above-mentioned the whole bag of tricks shortcoming, and the method that can accurately detect the space optical remote sensor main mirror face deformation seems particularly important.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of space reflection type optical remote sensor primary mirror minute surface face deformation detecting method and system, can make survey be subjected to when main mirror face changes the objective condition restriction less, energy resource consumption is little, disguise is strong, enough signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio)s can be provided, and for realizing required simple and reliable for structure of above-mentioned detection, detection process is simple.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of space reflection type optical remote sensor main mirror face deformation detection system, this system comprises: primary mirror, secondary mirror, be fixed in spotlight source device on the space reflection type optical remote sensor, beam-splitter, at least one sampling mirror and Electro-Optical Sensor Set, described primary mirror is a concave mirror, the centre is provided with light hole, described sampling mirror and primary mirror minute surface are rigidly connected, wherein
Spotlight source device is used to produce spherical light wave, and the light of generation is mapped on the secondary mirror by beam-splitter;
Secondary mirror is used for the light that the spotlight source device emission comes is reflexed to and the rigidly connected sampling mirror of primary mirror minute surface, and reflects the light that the sampling mirror reflection is returned, and light is shone on the sniffer by beam-splitter;
The sampling mirror, the light that is used for being come by inferior mirror reflection reflexes to secondary mirror once more;
Sniffer is used for surveying simultaneously main mirror face and takes place before and after the distortion, and the light that spotlight source device produces reflexes to the centroid position of formed each hot spot on the sniffer successively by beam-splitter, secondary mirror, each sampling mirror, secondary mirror and beam-splitter.
Wherein, described sampling mirror adopt gluing, embed or embed and add the mode of glue and the minute surface of primary mirror is rigidly connected.
Further, the high spatial frequency that the main mirror face that described sampling mirror is measured according to the size of primary mirror and needs in arrange density and the position of arranging of primary mirror minute surface changes is determined, and the spacing of respectively sampling between the mirror satisfies Nyquist Nyquist sampling thheorem.
Further, the reflecting surface of described sampling mirror is tapered plane or oblique sphere, and the normal direction of sampling mirror is different with the local normal direction of primary mirror minute surface.
Preferably, what described spotlight source device produced is monochromatic optical wave, and the reflecting surface of described sampling mirror is coated with the arrowband high-reflecting film corresponding to described monochromatic optical wave.
Preferably, described spotlight source device is laser instrument and convergent lens, or is optical fiber source.
Further, described sniffer is a charge coupled device ccd two-dimensional array detector, or is CCD two-dimensional array detector and convergent lens.
Preferably, described sniffer is other two-dimensional array detectors except that CCD two-dimensional array detector, or is other two-dimensional array detector and convergent lenses except that CCD two-dimensional array detector.
A kind of space reflection type optical remote sensor main mirror face deformation detecting method, this method may further comprise the steps:
A, when utilizing sniffer measurement space reflection type optical remote sensor primary mirror to distort, the light that is sent by spotlight source device reflexes to the centroid position of each hot spot on the sniffer successively by beam-splitter, secondary mirror, each sampling mirror, secondary mirror and beam-splitter;
B, utilize sniffer measurement space reflection type optical remote sensor main mirror face to change after, the light that is sent by spotlight source device reflexes to the centroid position of each hot spot on the sniffer successively by beam-splitter, secondary mirror, each sampling mirror, secondary mirror and beam-splitter;
C, according to each facula mass center position that steps A and B obtain, calculate before and after the primary mirror minute surface face deformationization deviation of mass center amount of each hot spot on the sniffer;
D, according to the departure that step C obtains, obtain primary mirror and change in the slope local of each sampling Jing Chu;
E, basis obtain primary mirror and change in the slope local of each sampling Jing Chu, draw the space distribution of main mirror face deformation.
Space reflection type optical remote sensor primary mirror minute surface face deformation detecting method of the present invention, carry spotlight source device in space reflection type optical remote sensor inside, and in the minute surface of space reflection type optical remote sensor primary mirror according to the requirement of the requirement of measuring accuracy and Nyquist (Nyquist) sampling thheorem a plurality of fixed sample mirrors of arranging, when distortion takes place in main mirror face, can extrapolate primary mirror by the variable quantity of each mirror normal direction of sampling changes in the slope local of each sampling Jing Chu, utilizing type method commonly used in the wavefront reconstruction algorithm just can obtain main mirror face deformation then distributes, as seen, this method is because space reflection type optical remote sensor carries the pointolite beacon, therefore when surveying main mirror face deformation, be subjected to the objective condition restriction few, only can arrive sniffer because of the light that pointolite sent again through very short propagation distance and the few reflection of secondary mirror, so light source only needs less luminous intensity that enough detection signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio)s just can be provided, thereby its energy resource consumption is less, and the light wave that pointolite sends can not leak into the remote sensor outside substantially, so disguise is very strong.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the system architecture synoptic diagram of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the system architecture synoptic diagram of second embodiment of the invention;
The method flow synoptic diagram that Fig. 3 surveys for space reflection type optical remote sensor main mirror face of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing concrete enforcement of the present invention is described in further detail:
Basic thought of the present invention is: at the inner set-point of space reflection type optical remote sensor light supply apparatus as beacon, and fix a plurality of sampling mirrors according to the requirement of measuring accuracy and the requirement of Nyquist sampling thheorem on space reflection type optical remote sensor primary mirror minute surface or near it, fixing secondary mirror simultaneously in the place ahead of space reflection type optical remote sensor primary mirror, fixedly beam-splitter and sniffer between spotlight source device and primary mirror, and when the position arrangement between each device makes primary mirror under normal circumstances with the generation distortion, spotlight source device is by time mirror reflection and sampling mirror reflection, and the light of beam-splitter can be come out by detection.Before the detection, measure the centroid position that is mapped to hot spot on the sniffer by the sampling mirror reversal in advance, when distortion takes place in main mirror face, because sampling mirror and primary mirror adopt and are rigidly connected, on behalf of primary mirror, the normal direction of the feasible mirror of respectively sampling changes can change in the normal direction of each sampling Jing Suozaiweizhichu, therefore can extrapolate the variable quantity of primary mirror by the variable quantity of sampling mirror normal direction in sampling mirror place normal direction, be that primary mirror changes in the slope local of sampling Jing Chu, obtain primary mirror after the slope local of each sampling Jing Chu changes, the face deformation that utilizes type method commonly used in the wavefront reconstruction algorithm just can obtain primary mirror again distributes.
Fig. 1 is the system architecture synoptic diagram of first embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, this device mainly comprises: the primary mirror 1 of reflection optical system, secondary mirror 2, a plurality of sampling mirrors 3, charge-coupled image sensor (CCD, Charge Coupled Device) two-dimensional array detector 4, beam-splitter 5 and optical fiber source 6, wherein, concave mirror and convex reflecting mirror are respectively the primary mirror 1 and the secondary mirrors 2 of space reflection type optical system, the centre of primary mirror 1 is provided with a light hole, so that the parallel beam of directive primary mirror 1 can be mapped on the imaging detector that is positioned at the primary mirror back side by this light hole through primary mirror 1 and secondary mirror 2 reflection backs during system works.Detector also can be other two-dimensional array detector except being the CCD two-dimensional array detector.In addition, optical fiber source 6 is equivalent to the spotlight source device of native system, and it can launch the monochromatic light of a certain wavelength, and ccd detector 4 is equivalent to the sniffer of native system.The minute surface of a plurality of sampling mirrors 3 and primary mirror 1 by gluing, embed or embed the mode that adds glue and be rigidly connected, described spotlight source device, beam-splitter 5, secondary mirror 2, a plurality of sampling mirror 3 and sniffer all are fixed on the space reflection type optical remote sensor.
Primary mirror 1 constitutes classical card match Green telescope with secondary mirror 2, and spotlight source device is positioned over primary mirror 1 rear, and promptly on secondary mirror one side's the optical axis, secondary mirror 2 is positioned over primary mirror 1 the place ahead to primary mirror dorsad, and promptly the primary mirror minute surface is on a side optical axis.Among the figure, optical axis marks with "-" line.Sniffer between spotlight source device and primary mirror 1 on the position of axle, beam-splitter 5 is on the optical axis position between spotlight source device and the sniffer, and when the position arrangement between each device makes the primary mirror minute surface under normal circumstances with the generation distortion, the light wave of spotlight source device emission can pass the light hole of primary mirror 1, and by the reflection of secondary mirror 2 and the reflection of each sampling mirror 3, light hole by primary mirror 1 returns beam-splitter 5 once more, reflexed to detector 4 by beam-splitter 5 then and form hot spot, survey the position of hot spot by detector 4.The concrete structure of this system is seen Fig. 1.
The reflecting surface of sampling mirror 3 is coated with the arrowband high-reflecting film, and the monochromatic light that the arrowband high-reflecting film only sends spotlight source device has high reflectance, and to the light-wave transmission or the absorption of space reflection type optical imagery remote sensor operation wavelength.In addition, sampling mirror 3 can be an end face of a thin column, fixedly connected with the minute surface of primary mirror 1 with adhesive means in this cylindrical other end, and wear into tapered plane or oblique sphere as that end face of sampling mirror 3, the angle of its inclination can guarantee that the normal direction of the plane of being worn into or sphere is different with the local normal direction of primary mirror 1 minute surface, and all sampling mirrors 3 are identical with the material of primary mirror 1, guarantee being rigidly connected between the two.Being rigidly connected also of sampling mirror 3 and primary mirror 1 can be in the following way: primary mirror 1 before optics finishing in advance in the punching of the position of each sampling, strengthen the cylindrical height in sampling mirror 3 places, and these right cylinders are rigidly connected by mode and the primary mirror 1 that embedded mode or embedding add glue, and the normal direction that guarantees sampling mirror 3 when rigidly connected is different with the normal direction of primary mirror 1 locality, to such an extent as to can be with the light wave of incident along through finally forming hot spot on the target surface at sniffer after the reflection of over-sampling mirror 3.Simultaneously, the described cylindrical end face of making sampling mirror 3 after the embedding is lower than the surface of primary mirror 1 slightly, makes and can carry out optics finishing to primary mirror 1 again after embedding sampling mirror 3, and producing main mirror face when avoiding connecting sampling mirror 3 is out of shape.
When surveying main mirror face deformation, the spherical wave that optical fiber source 6 sends through secondary mirror 2 reflex to primary mirror 1 rigidly connected sampling mirror 3 on, because the normal direction of sampling mirror 3 is different with primary mirror 1 local normal direction, therefore light wave still can pass through the rear of the light hole directive primary mirror 1 of primary mirror 1 after the reflection of sampling mirror 3 and secondary mirror 2, to the target surface of ccd detector 4, form hot spot through beam-splitter 5 post-concentrations.
Before the detection, measure the centroid position that reflexes to hot spot on the ccd detector 4 by each sampling mirror 3 in advance.When space reflection type optical imagery remote sensor when rail is worked, primary mirror 1 minute surface can be subjected to the influence in gravity or temperature field and distort, owing to sample between mirror 3 and the primary mirror 1 to being rigidly connected, the normal direction that therefore the sampling mirror 3 of distortion place takes place also can produce corresponding variation, the position that the facula mass center position deviation that the feasible light wave that reflects from the sampling Jing3Chu that distortion takes place forms at ccd detector 4 is measured in advance, as long as obtain the position deviation amount of hot spot on the ccd detector 4 of primary mirror 1 surface deformation front and back, just can be by calculating the slope variation amount of sampling mirror 3, because sampling mirror 3 is rigidly connected with primary mirror 1 minute surface, can be similar to and thinks that the slope variation amount of sampling mirror 3 is exactly that primary mirror 1 changes in the slope local of sampling Jing3Chu.
In addition, arrange density and the position of arranging of sampling mirror 3 needs the high spatial frequency design that changes according to the main mirror face that the size and the needs of primary mirror 1 are measured, make sampling mirror 3 can reflect the slope variation at primary mirror 1 edge, can guarantee that again sampling interval satisfies the requirement of Nyquist sampling thheorem.
Because circle territory Zernike polynomial expression (Noll.R.J.Zernike polynomials and atmosphericturbulence[J] .J.Opt.Soc.Am.1976,66 (3): 207-211) be the one group of complete orthogonal basis that is defined in the unit circle, and the Seidel aberration habitual with optical designers has certain getting in touch, and therefore often the distortion of circular bore optical component surface shape is expressed as the polynomial linear combination of circle territory Zernike.Primary mirror optical surface in the card match Green telescopic system is also non-circular, but annular design, this moment, circle territory Zernike polynomial expression lost orthogonality in circular annular region, so preferably use quadrature in this zone ring territory Zernike polynomial expression (Mahajan.V.N.Zernike annular polynomials for imaging systems withannular pupils[J] .J.Opt.Soc.Am.1981,71 (1): 75-85) expression main mirror face distortion.
Because temperature field, the distortion that gravity field produces mainly comprises the low spatial frequency composition, and for low-frequency component, circle territory Zernike polynomial expression and ring territory Zernike fitting of a polynomial ability be (Zhang Qiang quite, Lv Baida, Jiang Wenhan, Zernike type method wavefront reconstruction [J] on the annular region, the light laser and the particle beams, 2000,12 (3): 306-310), therefore, can replace encircling territory Zernike polynomial expression with circle territory Zernike polynomial expression main mirror face deformation is carried out match, also can utilize simultaneously the represented spatial frequency domain characteristic of round territory Zernike polynomial expression determine respectively to sample on the primary mirror mirror spacing and arrange.
If be used in diameter and be preceding 15 expression primary mirror 1 face deformations of the round territory Zernike polynomial expression (hereinafter to be referred as the Zernike polynomial expression) of complete quadrature in the round territory of D, according to the Nyquist sampling thheorem, can write out two orthogonal directions up-sampling spacing x perpendicular to optical axis
SampleAnd y
SampleThe condition that should satisfy, represent by formula (1):
x
sample＝y
sample≤D/4f
rpeak(1)
Wherein, f
RpeakBe the Zernike multinomial derivative peak value radial frequency of power spectrum density radially.
Pointed out that temperature field, gravity place cause that primary mirror 1 face deformation mainly comprises low-frequency component, face deformation carried out the requirement that match should be able to be satisfied precision with polynomial preceding 15 of Zernike.Preceding 15 the pairing maximal values of radially counting n of polynomial expression are 4, and the radially power spectrum density distribution of its derived function is determined by the Bessel function of the first kind on the 5th rank, and crest frequency is f
RpeakIn=1.208 cycles/radius, formula this moment (2) becomes formula (3):
x
sample＝y
sample≤D/4.832(2)
Fig. 2 is the system architecture synoptic diagram of second embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 2, the difference of the present embodiment and first embodiment only is, the spotlight source device of present embodiment is made up of laser instrument 7 and convergent lens 8, can produce pointolite on optical axis, sniffer is made up of ccd detector 4 and convergent lens 9.Detector equally, herein also can replace with other two-dimensional array detector.
When the face deformation of primary mirror 1 is measured, the directional light that laser instrument 7 sends becomes a picture point on optical axis behind convergent lens 8, thus the spherical wave that sends of picture point through secondary mirror 2 be rigidly connected with primary mirror 1 and sampling mirror 3 reflections that normal direction is different with primary mirror 1 local normal direction after, pass through the reflection of secondary mirror 2 and beam-splitter 5 again, converged to by convergent lens 9 on the target surface of ccd detector 4.
Equally, before detection, measure the centroid position that reflexes to hot spot on the ccd detector 4 by sampling mirror 3 in advance.When space reflection type optical remote sensor when rail is worked, primary mirror 1 minute surface can be subjected to the influence in gravity field or temperature field and produce distortion, since each sampling mirror 3 all and between the primary mirror 1 for being rigidly connected, therefore, the normal direction that the sampling mirror 3 of distortion place takes place also can produce corresponding variation, the position that the facula mass center position deviation that the feasible light wave that reflects from the sampling Jing3Chu that distortion takes place forms at ccd detector 4 is measured in advance, but, just can change in the slope local of sampling Jing3Chu by calculating primary mirror 1 as long as obtain the position deviation amount that primary mirror 1 minute surface face shape produces hot spot on the ccd detector 4 of distortion front and back.
When utilizing two pairs of main mirror face deformations of embodiment one and embodiment to survey, concrete main mirror face detection method flow process as shown in Figure 3, this method mainly may further comprise the steps:
Step 301, when measuring main mirror face and distorting, the spherical wave that is sent by spotlight source device reflexes to the centroid position of each hot spot on the sniffer successively by beam-splitter, secondary mirror, each sampling mirror, secondary mirror and beam-splitter;
After step 302, main mirror face distorted, the spherical wave that the measurement point light supply apparatus sends reflexed to the centroid position of each hot spot on the sniffer successively by beam-splitter, secondary mirror, each sampling mirror, secondary mirror and beam-splitter;
Because the local normal direction of normal direction and the primary mirror of sampling mirror is different, so light wave can press assigned direction retrieval system inside respectively after each sampling mirror reflection, process beam-splitter post-concentration each corresponding position to the target surface of ccd detector.
Step 303, acquisition primary mirror minute surface produce the position deviation amount of each hot spot on the sniffer of distortion front and back;
Step 304, the departure that obtains according to step 303 obtain the slope local variation of primary mirror minute surface at each sampling Jing Chu;
Step 305, the primary mirror minute surface that obtains according to step 304 change in the slope local of each sampling Jing Chu, and the distortion that utilizes type method commonly used in the wavefront reconstruction algorithm to obtain primary mirror minute surface face shape distributes.
No matter be embodiment one or embodiment two, all need to carry out above-mentioned steps 305, promptly carry out the wavefront reconstruction algorithm.
Be that example specifies wavefront reconstruction below with the type method:
The face deformation W of primary mirror 1 can represent with the polynomial linear combination of Zernike, promptly
Z wherein
iRepresent i rank Zernike polynomial expression, a
iBe its corresponding fitting coefficient, respectively in x and y direction to the W differentiate, formula (4) and formula (5) are arranged:
Formula (4) and formula (5) can be expressed as formula (6) with matrix form:
Be designated as:
Wherein, M is the position of each sampling mirror, W
xAnd W
yExpression is by the slope variation data of the mirror of respectively sampling that ccd detector obtained, Z
xAnd Z
yBe respectively the derivative of Zernike polynomial expression along x and y direction, l is the pattern exponent number of reconstruct.
Because the nonorthogonality of Zernike polynomial expression partial derivative and limited slope sampled point all might cause the order of transfer matrix Z incomplete, so the least square solution of equation can obtain with the generalized inverse of matrix:
According to the determined fitting coefficient a of formula (7)
i, just can obtain because the distortion that ectocine causes the primary mirror minute surface to produce.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of space reflection type optical remote sensor main mirror face deformation detection system, it is characterized in that, this system comprises: primary mirror, secondary mirror, be fixed in spotlight source device on the space reflection type optical remote sensor, beam-splitter, at least one sampling mirror and Electro-Optical Sensor Set, described primary mirror is a concave mirror, the centre is provided with light hole, described sampling mirror and primary mirror minute surface are rigidly connected, wherein
Spotlight source device is used to produce spherical light wave, and the light of generation is mapped on the secondary mirror by beam-splitter;
Secondary mirror is used for the light that the spotlight source device emission comes is reflexed to and the rigidly connected sampling mirror of primary mirror minute surface, and reflects the light that the sampling mirror reflection is returned, and light is shone on the sniffer by beam-splitter;
The sampling mirror, the light that is used for being come by inferior mirror reflection reflexes to secondary mirror once more;
Electro-Optical Sensor Set is used for surveying simultaneously main mirror face and takes place before and after the distortion, and the light that spotlight source device produces reflexes to the centroid position of formed each hot spot on the Electro-Optical Sensor Set successively by beam-splitter, secondary mirror, each sampling mirror, secondary mirror and beam-splitter.
2, system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, that described sampling mirror adopts is gluing, embed or embed and add the mode of glue and the minute surface of primary mirror is rigidly connected.
3, system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the high spatial frequency that the main mirror face that described sampling mirror is measured according to the size of primary mirror and needs in arrange density and the position of arranging of primary mirror minute surface changes is determined, and the spacing of respectively sampling between the mirror satisfies Nyquist Nyquist sampling thheorem.
4, system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the reflecting surface of described sampling mirror is tapered plane or oblique sphere, and the normal direction of sampling mirror is different with the local normal direction of primary mirror minute surface.
5, system according to claim 4 is characterized in that, what described spotlight source device produced is monochromatic optical wave, and the reflecting surface of described sampling mirror is coated with the arrowband high-reflecting film corresponding to described monochromatic optical wave.
According to each described system in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that 6, described spotlight source device is laser instrument and convergent lens, or be optical fiber source.
According to each described system in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that 7, described Electro-Optical Sensor Set is a charge coupled device ccd two-dimensional array detector, or be CCD two-dimensional array detector and convergent lens.
8, according to each described system in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, described Electro-Optical Sensor Set is other two-dimensional array detectors except that CCD two-dimensional array detector, or is other two-dimensional array detector and convergent lenses except that CCD two-dimensional array detector.
9, a kind of method of utilizing the described detection system space exploration of claim 1 reflection type optical remote sensor main mirror face deformation is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
A, when utilizing Electro-Optical Sensor Set measurement space reflection type optical remote sensor primary mirror to distort, the light that is sent by spotlight source device reflexes to the centroid position of each hot spot on the Electro-Optical Sensor Set successively by beam-splitter, secondary mirror, each sampling mirror, secondary mirror and beam-splitter;
B, utilize Electro-Optical Sensor Set measurement space reflection type optical remote sensor main mirror face to change after, the light that is sent by spotlight source device reflexes to the centroid position of each hot spot on the Electro-Optical Sensor Set successively by beam-splitter, secondary mirror, each sampling mirror, secondary mirror and beam-splitter;
C, according to each facula mass center position that steps A and B obtain, calculate before and after the primary mirror minute surface face deformationization deviation of mass center amount of each hot spot on the Electro-Optical Sensor Set;
D, according to the departure that step C obtains, obtain primary mirror and change in the slope local of each sampling Jing Chu;
E, basis obtain primary mirror and change in the slope local of each sampling Jing Chu, draw the space distribution of main mirror face deformation.
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| CN110411713B (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2021-07-13 | 北京空间机电研究所 | Coaxial primary and secondary mirror on-orbit attitude measurement system |
| CN114279687B (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2023-01-03 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Measuring device and measuring method for relative deflection of primary mirror and secondary mirror |
| CN117783002B (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-05-14 | 苏州吉天星舟空间技术有限公司 | Multispectral spaceborne active optical system and wavefront detection method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4834537A (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1989-05-30 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Position encoding holographic spectrometer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4834537A (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1989-05-30 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Position encoding holographic spectrometer |
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