Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to invent a kind of efficient, low-residual, low cost and grass family and broad leaved weed are all had the disposable herbicide composition of better preventive effect.
As everyone knows, nicosulfuron is a sulfonylurea herbicide, and use is better to the grassy weed preventive effect separately, but relatively poor to preventive effects such as dayflower, field thistle, corn sow thistle and meadow pines, and reaction velocity is slow especially.Brominal is the contact killing type weeding, and is better to the broad leaved weed preventive effect, and especially the weeds dayflower that difficulty is prevented and kill off has special efficacy and reaction velocity fast, but invalid substantially to grassy weed, and easily corn produced the poisoning of tagging property.Hormone herbicide is better to the broad leaved weed preventive effect, simultaneously meadow pine is had special efficacy; But desirable not enough to dayflower, corn sow thistle preventive effect, invalid to grassy weed.And preventing and kill off of weeds all had certain limitation with using with in twos between nicosulfuron, Brominal and hormone herbicide, can not reach the effect that the heavier weeds of above-mentioned generation are all thoroughly prevented and kill off in a dispenser.In order to satisfy the needs of agricultural production, primary study of the present invention has been developed a kind of herbicidal composition that contains nicosulfuron, Brominal and three kinds of active components of hormone herbicide.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of herbicidal composition that contains A, B, three kinds of active constituents of C, the A component is selected from nicosulfuron, and the B component is selected from Brominal, and the C component is selected from a kind of hormone herbicide; Ratio of weight and number between three kinds of active constituents is 1: 1-30: 1-30.
Three kinds of active components are known product in the herbicidal composition of the present invention, can be from many pieces of public publications " " the finding the external pesticide species handbook new edition bound volume of writing of 99 years new editions of agricultural chemicals commodity handbook or the Ministry of Chemical Industry's agricultural chemicals central information facility of Shenyang publishing house for example.The weed killer herbicide that is specifically related to is:
A component: nicosulfuron, English common name: nicosulfuron, chemical name: 1-(4,6-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)-3-(3-dimethylamino formylpyridine-2-base sulphonyl) urea.
The B component: Brominal, common name: bromoxynil, chemical name: 3,5-two bromo-4-hydroxy benzonitriles.In the practical application, in the time of more the caprylate that adopts Brominal, promptly 3, the hot acyloxy benzonitrile of 5-two bromo-4-.Also can use the salt of Brominal, for example its sodium salt or sylvite.Therefore the Brominal described in the B component of the present invention promptly comprises the caprylate that can be selected from Brominal, Brominal or the salt of Brominal.
The described hormone herbicide of C component comprises following four kinds:
C1,2,4-drips, English common name: 2,4-D, chemical name: 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid; So-called 2,4-drips, and in actual applications, uses 2 usually, the ester that 4-drips for example 2, and 4-d butyl ester or 2,4-drips different monooctyl ester etc.
C2,2 first, 4 chlorine, English common name: MCPA, chemical name: 4-chloro-oxy-o-cresyl acetate; The salt that uses 2 first, 4 chlorine in the practical application is its sodium salt or sylvite for example.
C3, fluroxypyr, English common name: fluroxypyr, chemical name: 4-amino-3,5-two chloro-6-fluoro-2-pyridine fluoroacetic acid;
C4, dicamba, English common name: dicamba, chemical name: 3,6-two chloro-o-methoxybenzoic acids; The salt of common use dicamba is its sodium salt or sylvite for example.
Have now found that, with nicosulfuron, Brominal and at least a hormone herbicide according to the aforementioned proportion use that is mixed, have stronger synergistic effect grass family and broad leaved weed are all had preventive effect preferably, especially the dayflower that difficulty is prevented and kill off, field thistle, corn sow thistle and meadow pine also have excellent preventive effect.Using each medicament of back with can have complementary advantages, and it is fast both to have reached reaction velocity, makes weeds thoroughly dead, and a drug can be prevented and kill off the purpose of various weeds substantially, can reduce cost again, has reduced spraying times, has saved the labour.Be embodied in advantage: have stronger synergistic effect after 1, using with, thereby reduce dosage separately, reduced the weeding cost, and improved safety to crop with following four aspects.2, enlarge grass spectrum extremely, improved whole herbicidal effect, reached the purpose of one-time weeding.3, said composition does not influence normal crop rotation.4, using the back each component with can have complementary advantages, and inhales the characteristics of conduction, contact killing type weed killer herbicide in having concurrently, and reaction velocity is fast, and weeds death is more thorough.
In the herbicidal composition of the present invention between three kinds of active constituents further preferred ratio of weight and number be 1: 1-15: 1-15.
Amount of application when the content of active constituent depends on independent use in the composition, but also depend on the mixed ratio and the synergistic effect degree of three kinds of components.Usually the weight percentage of active constituent is the 1-99% of gross weight in the composition, and preferable is 10% to 80%.The optimum range of active constituent content is different according to the preparation type of composition.Usually, active constituent content is 10-80% by weight in the solid pharmaceutical preparation; Active constituent content is 5-80% by weight in the liquid preparation; Active constituent content is 5-70% by weight in the suspension preparation.
Composition of the present invention by the user before use through dilution or directly convert water spray and use.Its preparation can after being about to active substance and liquid-carrier or solid carrier mixing, add one or more surfactants such as emulsifier, dispersant, stabilizing agent, wetting agent, adhesive or defoamer etc. by common processing method preparation.According to the difference of composition processing formulation, can also add oxidant, fire retardant, cooling agent or colouring agent etc. one or more.
The liquid-carrier that is fit to preparation herbicidal composition of the present invention comprises water, aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons, chloro aliphatic hydrocarbon, aliphatic hydrocarbon, particularly suitable be polar solvent, as alcohols and their ether or ester.Also have oils and the molten fiber of methyl in addition, oils is mainly vegetable oil or its carboxylate and mineral oil, vegetable oil is as soybean oil, levant cotton oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, castor oil, sunflower wet goods, and mineral oil is as the machine oil of various models, diesel oil, lubricated wet goods.Simultaneously, mixtures of different liquids also is suitable for.
The solid carrier that is fit to preparation herbicidal composition of the present invention is any carrier that is generally used for preparing weed killer herbicide.For example diatomite, Magnesiumaluminumsilicate, atlapulgite, kaolin, clay, gypsum, bentonite, white carbon black, precipitated calcium carbonate, lime stone, hexamethylene diamine, cumarone resin, styrene polymer and copolymer, corn starch and soluble starch etc.
The emulsifier that is fit to preparation herbicidal composition of the present invention can be anionic or nonionic emulsifier, for example alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether, alkylaryl polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene base ether, alkylphenol-polyethenoxy polyoxypropylene base ether, benzylphenol polyoxyethylene groups ether, polyoxyethylene fatty acid fat, polyoxyethylene aliphatic alcohol ether, polyoxyethylene fatty amine etc.For example the farming breast 500
#, farming breast 600
#, Nongru-700
#, agricultural newborn OX-635, agricultural newborn OX-662, agricultural newborn OX-690, agricultural newborn OX-2511, agricultural newborn OX-8653C, agricultural newborn MOA-3, agricultural newborn OP-10, farming breast 2201, agricultural newborn CS-7, farming breast 507
#, peaceful breast 36
#, agricultural newborn 0201B, agricultural newborn 0203B, agricultural newborn 0203C etc.
The dispersant that is fit to preparation herbicidal composition of the present invention can be alkylnaphthalene sulfonate; the alkyl amide taurate; two (alkyl) naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensation compound; naphtholsulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation products sodium salt; the alkylphenol-polyethenoxy based phosphates; alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether formaldehyde condensation products sulphate; the alkylphenol-polyethenoxy phosphate; alkylphenol polyoxyethylene; the castor oil ethylene oxide adduct; ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer; the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene formaldehyde condensation products; alkylphenol-polyethenoxy polyethenoxy ether and methylcellulose etc.For example sodium lignin sulfonate, calcium lignosulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation products, methyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product, methanonaphthalene sodium sulfonate, oleic acid methylamino ethylsulfonic acid sodium, alkyl-diethylene glycol ether-sodium sulfonate, N-methyl-oleoyl-sodium taurocholate, epoxidized polyether, to tertbutyl ether, dibutyl naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product and calgon etc.
The wetting agent that is fit to preparation herbicidal composition of the present invention can be sldium lauryl sulfate, lauryl sodium sulfate, dodecyl sodium sulfate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, Negel, sorbitan fatty acid ester polyoxyethylene groups ether etc.
The adhesive that is fit to preparation herbicidal composition of the present invention can be natural or synthetic, for example xanthans, gelatin, gum Arabic, polyvinylpyrrolidone, aluminium-magnesium silicate, polyvinyl alcohol, phenolic resins, shellac, carboxymethyl cellulose, methylcellulose and sodium alginate etc.Defoamer can be bubble enemy, silicone, C
8~10Fatty alcohol, C
10~20Saturated fat acids (as capric acid) and acid amides etc.
In addition, can also contain colouring agent in the composition of the present invention, for example inorganic pigment iron oxide, titanium oxide or Prussia orchid; Organic dyestuff alizarin, azo dyes, metal phthalocyanine or kiton colors etc.
Composition of the present invention can be processed into multiple formulation, for example wetting powder, missible oil, suspending agent, water-dispersible granules.The preparation method of these formulations is as well known to those skilled in the art.For example, preparation is during wetting powder, after various components are mixed, is crushed to below the 44 μ m; During the preparation suspending agent, various components are mixed, in sand mill, be ground to the active ingredient particle diameter and can obtain required product less than 3 μ m.
Composition of the present invention is specially adapted to control of maize Tanaka's grass family and broad leaved weed, as barnyard grass grass, lady's-grass, green foxtail, eleusine indica, dayflower, field thistle, corn sow thistle, meadow pine, artemisiifolia, piemarker, knotweed, lamb's-quarters, Siberian cocklebur, Amaranthus retroflexus, field bindweed etc.Use optimum period and be and carry out the cauline leaf spraying when weeds all sprout substantially behind the crop seedling and handle, amount of application changes with looking the weeds leaf age, uses bigger dosage when weeds are big, and weeds hour can be used lower dosage.Usually application dose can restrain at 50-1000 in (active ingredient)/hectare scope.
Symphyogenetic evaluation method for the composition of three kinds of active components of the present invention adopts general Colby method, uses following formula and calculates:
E=X·Y·Z/100
2
In the formula: X, Y, Z be active component A, B, C during with a certain consumption weeds weight be the percentage of contrast;
E is the expected value of the percentage that weeds weight was equivalent to contrast after active component A, B, C used with.
If the value of actual measurement represents then that less than the value E that calculates gained as stated above composition has synergistic effect, measured value shows then that greater than the value E that calculates gained as stated above group and thing have antagonism.
Embodiment
The present invention that is elaborated of following instantiation, but the present invention only limits to these examples absolutely not.Percentage all is weight percentage in the proportioning of all preparations.
Formulation examples
Embodiment 1 12% wetting powder
Nicosulfuron 4%
Bromoxynil octanoate 4%
Dicamba 4%
Sodium lignin sulfonate 10%
Alkyl sulfonic acid first 1%
Heptadecanol 1%
Precipitated calcium carbonate complements to 100%.
Embodiment 2 32% wetting powders
Nicosulfuron 2%
Brominal 20%
Fluroxypyr 10%
Sodium lignin sulfonate 10%
Alkyl sulfonic acid first 1%
Heptadecanol 1%
Diatomite complements to 100%.
Embodiment 3 20% oil-suspending agents
Nicosulfuron 4%
Bromoxynil octanoate 8%
2,4-d butyl ester 8%
The newborn 0201B 3.5% of farming
Naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product 2.5%
The newborn OX-690 1% of farming
The soybean oil that methylates complements to 100%.
Embodiment 4 32% oil-suspending agents
Nicosulfuron 4%
Bromoxynil octanoate 16%
2,4-d butyl ester 12%
The newborn 0201B 3.5% of farming
The newborn span80 2.5% of farming
Nekal BX 2%
Soybean oil complements to 100%.
Embodiment 5 32% oil-suspending agents
Nicosulfuron 2%
Bromoxynil octanoate 20%
2,4-d butyl ester 10%
The newborn OX-656 3% of farming
Naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product 3%
Farming breast 1,601 2%
Rapeseed oil complements to 100%.
Embodiment 6 42% oil-suspending agents
Nicosulfuron 2%
Bromoxynil octanoate 30%
2 first, 4 chlorine sodium salts 10%
The newborn 0201B 5% of farming
White carbon 2%
Peanut oil complements to 100%.
Embodiment 7 42% oil-suspending agents
Nicosulfuron 2%
Brominal 10%
Fluroxypyr 30%
The newborn 0201B 3.5% of farming
Naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product 2.5%
The newborn OX-690 1% of farming
Soybean oil complements to 100%.
Embodiment 8 62% oil-suspending agents
Nicosulfuron 2%
Brominal 30%
Dicamba 30%
The newborn 0201B 3% of farming
Naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product 3%
The newborn OX-690 2% of farming
Sunflower oil complements to 100%.
Embodiment 9 60% water-dispersible granules
Nicosulfuron 8%
Brominal 32%
2,4-d butyl ester 20%
Sodium lignin sulfonate 10%
Ammonium sulfate 10%
Precipitated calcium carbonate complements to 100%.
Embodiment 10 54% water-dispersible granules
Nicosulfuron 4%
Brominal 20%
2 first, 4 chlorine sodium salts 30%
Bentonite 10%
Ammonium sulfate 15%
White carbon complements to 100%.
Embodiment 11 40% water-dispersible granules
Nicosulfuron 8%
Brominal 16%
Dicamba 16%
Bentonite 10%
Ammonium sulfate 15%
White carbon complements to 100%.
Embodiment 12 64% water-dispersible granules
Nicosulfuron 4%
Bromoxynil octanoate 30%
Fluroxypyr 30%
Bentonite 10%
Ammonium sulfate 10%
White carbon complements to 100%.
Embodiment 13 42% aqueous suspension agents
Nicosulfuron 2%
Brominal 20%
2,4-d butyl ester 20%
The newborn 0201B 2% of farming
Methanonaphthalene sodium sulfonate 2.8%
White carbon 0.2%
Ethylene glycol 4%
Water complements to 100%.
Embodiment 14 28% aqueous suspension agents
Nicosulfuron 4%
Brominal 8%
2 first, 4 chlorine 16%
Sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol 15%
Ethylene glycol 5%
Water complements to 100%.
The preparation of embodiment 15 36% aqueous suspension agents
Nicosulfuron 2%
Brominal 16%
Dicamba 18%
Sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol 15%
Ethylene glycol 5%
Water complements to 100%.
Embodiment 16 40% aqueous suspension agents
Nicosulfuron 3%
Bromoxynil octanoate 18%
2 first, 4 chlorine 19%
Sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol 15%
Ethylene glycol 5%
Water complements to 100%.
The biologically active example
Example 17 greenhouses are given birth to test and are tested example
Test method: at diameter is 10 centimetres, highly is to sow quantitative barnyard grass grass, dayflower seed respectively in 9 centimetres the plastic flowerpot, and the every basin of barnyard grass grass is broadcast 15~20, and the every basin of dayflower is broadcast 8~10.Treat that the barnyard grass grass grew to for 3~4 leaf phases, dayflower 3 leaves during the phase according to the treatment dosage of experimental scheme, the processing of on crawler type crop sprayer, spraying, processing is placed in the greenhouse and normally cultivates, replenish the moisture vapor away (greenhouse daytime 24~30 ℃, 15~20 ℃ of nights) every day, handle investigation in back 20 days and respectively handle weeds acrial part fresh weight, calculate fresh weight and reduce percentage, and the synergy type after using with the evaluation of Colby method.Result of the test sees Table 1.
As can be seen from the test results, the nicosulfuron list is used barnyard grass grass preventive effect better, and dayflower is only had certain inhibitory action.It is invalid substantially that the Brominal list is used the barnyard grass grass, better to the dayflower preventive effect.Several hormonal weed killer herbicides are also invalid to the barnyard grass grass, and dayflower is had certain inhibitory action, show as the distortion of dayflower cauline leaf, deformity, but dayflower is thoroughly not dead.And composition of the present invention to be nicosulfuron and Brominal and hormone herbicide use the back with that barnyard grass grass and dayflower are all had preventive effect preferably, illustrate can enlarge after using with to kill grass and compose, improve whole herbicidal effect.Estimate synergy type after nicosulfuron, Brominal and hormone herbicide are used with the Colby method, the result shows, each combination after using with to grassy weed---barnyard grass grass and broad leaved weed---dayflower all has synergistic effect.
Table 1
Example 18 field efficacy application examples
Processing method is: 4~6 leaf phases, 2~5 leaf phases of grassy weed, 2~8 leaf phases of broad leaved weed after emergence of corn, and to carry out the cauline leaf spraying and handle, each handles sub-district 100m
2, handle the preventive effect of each processing of range estimation investigation in back 20 days to weeds.
0~100% expression: invalid~weeds are all dead.
Result of the test sees Table 2.
From field application test result as can be seen, nicosulfuron+Brominal is relatively poor to meadow pine, corn sow thistle preventive effect; Nicosulfuron+2,4-D butyl ester, nicosulfuron+2 first, 4 chlorine, nicosulfuron+dicamba, nicosulfuron+fluroxypyr are relatively poor to dayflower, corn sow thistle preventive effect; Brominal+2,4-D butyl ester are only better to broad leaved weed and meadow pine preventive effect, to grassy weed---and barnyard grass grass, lady's-grass, green foxtail are invalid.The composition of above-mentioned combination in twos all is lower than 80% to the whole preventive effect of weeds.And the composition that nicosulfuron, Brominal and hormone herbicide are used with all has preventive effect preferably to various main weeds, overall preventive effect is all more than 85%, and preventive effect apparently higher than each single agent, the preventive effect that also is higher than two components compositions, show that three components compositions of the present invention can enlarge grass spectrum extremely, improve overall herbicidal effect.It is fine to the safety of corn to use the back with, and range estimation all is lower than 5% to the inhibiting rate of corn.
Table 2