CN100554999C - A kind of multipoint engineering structural crack state monitoring device and method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of multipoint engineering structural crack state monitoring device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of resistance-type multipoint engineering structural crack state monitoring device, it mainly comprises: the monitoring component that measures resistance instrument, a pair of main traverse line and at least one mutual series connection, wherein, this monitoring component is formed in parallel by a conductive member and a resistance; Measure the resistance instrument and be used for the total resistance value that real-time measurement is connected into a plurality of monitoring components of a survey line mutually, and monitoring component that conductive members disconnect is taken place for wherein one or more accurately locate and report to the police; Two terminals that measure the resistance instrument link to each other with an end of two main traverse lines respectively, and the other end of a main traverse line links to each other with the input end of first monitoring component, and the output terminal of last monitoring component links to each other with the other end of another main traverse line; Corresponding point easy to crack of each monitoring component or the easy separation displacement point that takes place.The present invention also discloses simultaneously with this and has installed corresponding a kind of monitoring method.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of monitoring device, refer to especially that a kind of variation that utilizes the monitoring total resistance value monitor also to ftracture in the location structure engineering in real time to put the monitoring device and the monitoring method thereof of position and state.
At various structural engineerings, especially in the high steep geotechnical slope engineering, relevant under the effect of engineering power rock soil mass where produce cracking when, or the information that ftractures again of existing crack is vital for the deviser and the constructor of slope project.So-called " cracking " is meant engineering structural system owing to stressed, distortion produce the concurrent phenomenon of offing normal and moving estranged in crack, also makes a general reference the phenomenon of the disadvantageous separation displacement of generation between engineering part in use here.If can in time understand, just can adopt various measures early and handle, to avoid the cracking development about information such as cracking happening part and generation times.Generally speaking, more early handle and to receive the effect of getting twice the result with half the effort more, otherwise cracking may continue expansion, and the sliding strength of rock soil mass is further reduced, and produce new cracking, even cause producing landslide and landslide, bring bigger loss.
In engineerings such as other building, bridge and dam, similar situation is also arranged, do not expect to take place to surpass the structure cracking of certain permissible value or the separation displacement between installing component yet.
In order in time to grasp happening part and generation time, monitor the most frequently used, the most important means of engineers often about cracking or excessive separation displacement.In general, monitoring method can be divided into two big classes: patrol and examine and instrument monitoring.Wherein, patrol and examine and be meant that on-the-spot patrol, site observation, its advantage are that scope reliable, that patrol and examine is big, and, owing to do not need the expensive instrument monitoring to make the monitoring funds economize.But this method needs expensive manpower; And this method, can not be patrolled and examined as being prone to most cracking under the conditions such as heavy rain, explosion in time at some special occasions.Instrument monitoring is meant by testing tool monitoring cracking dotted state, and its advantage is can monitor in real time under various special occasions, the precision height, also can do continuous monitoring etc. if desired.But, owing to adopting more expensive instrument to need higher cost usually.And, problem such as also just exist measuring point to arrange owing to instrument is more expensive limited, and monitoring range is not very big.In addition, multiple Electrical Measuring Instrument is also often poor because of the monitoring condition, as factors such as humidity, dust, artificial destructions, and exists problems such as the long term monitoring reliability is relatively poor.
In view of this, fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of resistance-type engineering structure or geology side slope crack state monitoring device, make to need not a large amount of manpowers many places point easy to crack or state of displacement point easily takes place to separate on a large scale in the monitoring works in real time, and reliability, precision is higher, cost is cheaper.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of monitoring method, make that the location of splitting knick point is more accurate, precision is higher, and test specification is bigger, cost is lower, operation is easier flexibly.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention specifically is achieved in that
A kind of resistance-type engineering structural crack state monitoring device, crucial in mainly comprising: measure resistance instrument, a pair of main traverse line and at least one is connected into the monitoring component of a survey line mutually, wherein, this monitoring component is formed in parallel by a lead and a resistance; Measurement resistance instrument is used for measuring in real time the total resistance value of all monitoring components on this survey line, its two measurement terminals link to each other with an end of two main traverse lines respectively, the other end of one main traverse line links to each other with first monitoring component, and the output terminal of last monitoring component links to each other with the other end of another main traverse line; Corresponding point easy to crack of each monitoring component or the easy separation displacement point that takes place.
Resistance in the monitoring component is to have the resistance of the flexibility that the difficult quilt of certain extensibility breaks or be formed by connecting by one section curling lead and a conventional, electric-resistance, and the lead in the monitoring component be one section surpass between can monitored parts two ends set permissible value relatively separately or the lead that disconnects of alternate displacement, this lead both can be the lead of one section reality, also can be can equivalence be the conductive member with inner structure of a section lead on circuit theory.
The two ends of each monitoring component all are fixed on by a pair of survey seat or peg in the mode that insulate needs point easy to crack of monitoring or the both sides that separation displacement point place easily takes place on engineering structure or the geology side slope, when the cracking displacement of monitoring point or when separating displacement and surpassing the permission shift value of appointment, the lead of monitoring component will disconnect.
Therefore, described monitoring component can further comprise: two bolts that conductive material is made, and two bolts are with intensity conductive material welding lower and that have certain toughness or connection; These two bolts are individually fixed in by electrically non-conductive material or through the nut that insulation is handled and survey on the seat, and the outside of this nut is an annular groove; An end of lead is welded in the afterbody of one of them bolt with an end of a main traverse line in the monitoring component; The other end of lead is welded in the afterbody of another bolt with an end of another main traverse line in the monitoring component.
At resistive element, conductive material and the outside surface that is in the bolt tip outside the nut, be arranged with the rubber protective sleeve and tighten up ring, tighten up ring the rubber protective sleeve is anchored in the annular groove of nut outside.
The slide outside of a side nut projecting surface is socketed with an overcoat therein, this overcoat is directly with to survey seat fixing or build with the concrete peg and to be integral, the end play that one adjustable size is arranged between the axial end of overcoat and the axial end of nut, this end play are used to control the separation displacement that the cracking point is allowed.
The resistance value of described lead is close to zero.Be arranged in the resistance of each monitoring component resistance on the same survey line, or the resistance sum of resistance is all unequal during an above monitoring component combination in any.
Therefore, there is unique corresponding relation in the combination in any situation that lead disconnects in the monitoring component at each place, monitoring point on the variation of total resistance value and this survey line on the survey line.Corresponding relation according to this total resistance value and monitoring point, resistance measurement instrument passes through the single channel of total series impedance of each monitoring component on the same survey line is measured, get final product the cracking of multiple spot on while monitoring works structure or the geology side slope or the state of separation displacement, and allow each monitoring point of shift value to carry out accurate real-time positioning and warning having exceeded.
A kind of monitoring method of utilizing above-mentioned monitoring device to realize the monitoring of cracking dotted state, this method comprises the steps: at least
A. determine the connectivity scenario of monitoring point number and position and survey line;
B. construct the resistance-type monitoring device and set resistance value in the monitoring component, wherein, the number of monitoring component equals determined monitoring point number among the step a in the monitoring device;
C. bury underground in the actual monitoring zone and survey seat and monitoring device is installed, corresponding monitoring point of each monitoring component in the monitoring device;
D. the maybe cracking displacement of needs warning of maximum cracking displacement that allows according to each monitoring point is provided with the disconnection displacement of conductive member in each monitoring component;
E. the consumption apparatus of resistance is read total resistance value in real time, if total resistance value is changed to zero, continues monitoring, promptly returns steps d; Otherwise,, determine the position, monitoring point that the cracking state changes according to the corresponding relation of total resistance value and monitoring point; Then, judging whether needs to continue test, if desired, then returns steps d, otherwise withdraws from.
Wherein, described resistance value and the corresponding relation of monitoring point are meant the resistance of resistance in the corresponding monitoring component of each total resistance value, or the resistance sum of resistance during a corresponding above monitoring component combination in any.
By such scheme as can be seen, resistance-type engineering structural crack state monitoring device provided by the present invention and monitoring method thereof have following advantage and characteristics:
1) need not a large amount of manpowers, and monitoring range is big.This monitoring device mainly is made of the monitoring component that several have resistance, therefore can be installed in Anywhere, but make that its monitored area can be a very big scope.This device can be judged the position of cracking point by measuring total resistance value at any time under any environment, any weather, the inspection on the spot under the situation of awful weather in person that therefore need not to employ a tremendous amount of manpower again was both convenient, saved manpower again, reduced cost.
2) monitoring in real time, accurate positioning, precision height.After this monitoring device installs on the spot,, therefore can measure at any time owing to only need measure total resistance value, continuous coverage.Because can determine cracking point particular location according to the corresponding relation of resistance value and monitoring component or monitoring point, therefore, accuracy, the precision of location are higher.
3) simple, convenient, flexible.Monitoring device of the present invention is can judge the number and the position of orienting the cracking point by the variation of the total resistance value of monitoring this device, brings great convenience for user's use.
4) easy for installation, cost is low.Because this monitoring device mainly is made of resistance, lead, when actual installation, add some at most as bolt, nut, conductive material, survey seat or the like mechanical organ, therefore install simple and convenient, and these electrical equipments and additional mechanical organ price are all very low, make the cost of whole device and construction cost reduce.
5) be not subjected to surrounding environment influence, the reliability height.This monitoring device is made simple, and all there are waterproof, protection against the tide, antirust, anticorrosion, dustproof, the anti-protective seam that breaks ring in the outside of each monitoring component when actual test environment is installed; And for the lead that guarantees monitoring component can increase structures such as mechanical bolt, nut, conductive material pad again with the cracking point by drawing crack; For the permission cracking width that makes cracking point or separate that displacement is optional to be selected, increased by a slide construction again; Too responsive in order to make to the micro-displacement or the rotation of other direction outside the cracking displacement of main monitoring, increased the structure of pad again with certain toughness, thereby make whole monitoring device influenced by weather extremes, have quite high reliability and dirigibility again.
The present invention is further described in more detail below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is for being provided with the side slope sectional view of monitoring point on side slope;
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory synoptic diagram of monitoring device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the monitoring component of each monitoring point among the present invention;
The process flow diagram that Fig. 4 realizes for monitoring method among the present invention.
As shown in Figure 2, monitoring device of the present invention comprises that at least measures resistance instrument 21, a pair of main traverse line 22,28 an and n monitoring component 20 that is connected into a survey line 27 by output terminal 26 and input end 25 mutually, wherein, each monitoring component 20 corresponding point easy to crack, this monitoring component 20 is R by a resistance almost nil a lead 24 and a resistance
i(i=1,2 ..., resistance 23 n) is formed in parallel.Measurement resistance instrument 21 is used for measuring in real time the total resistance value of all monitoring components on this survey line, two terminals that measure resistance instrument 21 link to each other with an end of main traverse line 22,28 respectively, the other end of main traverse line 22 inserts the input end 29 of first monitoring component 20, and the output terminal 30 of last monitoring component 20 links to each other with the other end of main traverse line 28.Generally, the common very long main traverse line of two length that measures 21 accesses of resistance instrument and pick out can be enclosed within the overcoat, make main traverse line become a sleeve pipe cable, be easier to bury underground and protect.
When the cracking point does not disconnect, the resistance value of each monitoring component 20 is the resistance of lead 24 in its formation, and at this moment, the total resistance value that measurement resistance instrument 21 is measured whole monitoring device is all lead resistance sums, because the resistance of each lead 24 is almost nil, so total resistance value also is close to zero.And when the several cracking points of a certain cracking point or certain disconnect, measure total resistance that resistance instrument 21 measures and be this cracking point resistance or several cracking resistance value sum.
Want to realize just locating the method for cracking point according to different resistances, just must guarantee the resistance value of each cracking point, and the resistance value sum of each cracking point combination is inequality entirely, simultaneously, guarantee that the precision that minimal difference between each resistance must be enough to monitored device distinguishes, and minimum resistance and maximum resistance do not exceed the measurement range of monitoring device.So, could accurately judge the position of identifying the cracking point according to resistance.Based on this thought, following principle is followed in the resistance design for each resistance among the present invention:
The resistance value of each resistance should be not equal to the resistance value sum of the arbitrary group of monitoring component that can cut off simultaneously, and its difference size should be enough to monitoring device is differentiated.If there be j monitoring component to be simultaneously severed at most, then the resistance value of i monitoring component can be designed to:
R
i＝R
i-1+R
i-2+...+R
i-j+1
The resistance value of the unit that enough differentiate for monitoring device " 1 " that wherein, adds behind the formula.
Situation with place fracture, the fracture of two places and many places fracture further describes above-mentioned resistance value design application in practice below:
1＞only has the cut judgement of place's monitoring component:
When circuit was connected, the total resistance value R of total circuit was R
0, it equals the resistance sum of each section lead that electric current passes through; Parallel conducting wire W when a certain monitoring component (such as first monitoring component)
1When the place is broken, the total resistance value of total circuit become approx for:
R＝R
1+R
0-R
1′(1)
Wherein, R
1' be lead W
1Resistance value.And the like, as the parallel conducting wire W of i monitoring component
iWhen being broken, total resistance value R will equal:
R＝R
I+R
0-R
i′(i＝1，2，...，n)(2)
Consider each monitoring component the resistance R of a section lead in parallel
1' ..., R
n' be substantially equal to one another, so can remember as R
v, that is:
R
v＝R
1′＝R
2′＝...＝R
v′(3)
So (2) formula can be rewritten conduct:
R＝R
I+R
0-R
v (i＝1，2，...，n)(4)
Just can find out certain measured value R of total resistance value according to formula (4)
MjRelation with relevant each resistance:
Because R
1..., R
2..., R
n, promptly each value of the right of formula (5) was pre-known before this, so only work as R
1, R
2... R
i... R
nWhen differing enough big each other, which monitoring component just can judge what disconnected exactly according to formula (5) is, also the particular location with regard to being buried underground as can be known.Simultaneously, according to R
MjThe measurement time of measured value also can roughly be made the time that circuit disconnects.
2＞two judgements that monitoring component cuts off simultaneously:
If two monitoring components rupture simultaneously, for example the 1st and i monitoring component rupture simultaneously, then the total resistance value R of circuit will equal:
R＝R
1+R
i+R
0-2R
v (i＝1，2，...，n)(6)
Also can find out certain measured value R of total resistance value according to formula (6) and (3)
MjRelation with relevant each resistance:
Equally, because R
1+ R ..., R
1+ R
i..., R
N+l+ R
n, promptly each value of formula (7) the right is known, so only work as R
1+ R
i..., R
N+l+ R
nAnd R
1, R
2..., R
nWhen differing enough big each other, just can judge exactly according to formula (7) is which two monitoring component has disconnected, and then definite physical location of being buried underground.Simultaneously, according to R
MjThe measurement time of measured value, also can make the time that circuit cuts off.
3＞judgement that a plurality of monitoring components cut off simultaneously:
From slope project practical distortion failure law, a plurality of cut situations of monitoring components while seldom.If but take place, also can be as stated above and formula (7), promptly according to the method for designing of resistance value, determine the possible syntagmatic of good various resistance values in advance, then, can determine the position of each monitoring component of being simultaneously severed by the actual resistance value of measuring.
For the non-situation about take place cutting off simultaneously of a plurality of monitoring components, can be by instant recording with the resistance of each time actual measurement as next time R
0Value just can adopt formula (5) to determine the cut monitoring component of each time successively then.
Be also pointed out that because R
VWith R
1, R
2..., R
nValue compare much smallerly, to such an extent as to can be assumed to zero, so formula (1)～formula (7) all can further be simplified.
Referring to shown in Figure 3, when guaranteeing the slope ground body by drawing crack, the conductor part of monitoring component (is the W shown in Fig. 2
1, W
2..., W
n) be cut off.This structure is provided with two conductive material bolts 36 and 313, and lower conductive material 312 welding of two bolts 36 and 313 usefulness intensity or be connected.In addition, these two bolts are individually fixed on the upper end 34 and 316 of reinforced concrete peg by nonconducting nut 35 and 314.According to parallel way shown in Figure 2, one of them bolt 36 is welded in the afterbody 33 of this bolt with a lead 32 that connects resistive element 311 and an end main traverse line 31; Another bolt then is welded on the afterbody 319 of this bolt with the main traverse line 320 of the other end and with the other end lead 317 that is connected resistance.
Will be when representative by the peg 37 of the ground both sides of drawing crack with 318 during by relative drawing back, drawing crack seam 310 will occur, and the while welding or the tie point of conductive material 312 will be drawn back.This just means that monitoring component is destroyed, and electric current will all flow to another main traverse line 320 through a main traverse line 31, a lead 32, resistive element 311, another lead 317.At this moment, the resistance value of this monitoring component is the value of resistive element 311.And then can realize the monitoring of craze and transfiguration or separating position shifting state according to above-mentioned resistance detection principle.Same principle adopts similarly device, about also can realizing, the monitoring of the changing of the relative positions of crack, the left and right sides or shear displacemant state.
In fact, rock soil mass has certain permission cracking width under many circumstances, and for adapting to this situation, this device allows width is selected.As shown in Figure 3, the outside of a non-conductive nut 314 therein increases by an overcoat 315 that directly is cast in the concrete peg again, is sliding mode between the two.When their projecting surface contacted, overcoat 315 just can spur nut 314, made it along with peg draws back, and connected together owing to bolts and nuts again, so when two pegs separate relatively, two bolts also will be broken at weld conductive material 312 places; But before their projecting surface does not contact, just can not produce pulling force, so in fact the space L between two projecting surfaces that stayed among Fig. 3 be exactly the width that allows cracking, the value of L is adjustable.To about, the monitoring of the changing of the relative positions of crack, the left and right sides or shear displacemant permissible value, only need slidably bolt be installed in the corresponding to direction of displacement monitoring on get final product.
If require outside the cracking displacement of main monitoring, the micro-displacement of other direction or rotation are difficult for causing circuit to disconnect, then can adopt material or structure, weld mutually, make pad have certain toughness as the conductive material that has the certain deformation ability by a section with certain toughness.
Though, to compare with common electric measuring type monitoring instrument, this monitoring device is to quite abominable monitoring of environmental (as humidity, dust etc.) and insensitive.But in order to guarantee the reliability of this device long term monitoring, on the structure of this device, can further take the kinds of protect method, please again referring to shown in Figure 3.
A), adopt stainless nut 35 and 314 corrosion protection in addition, in order to avoid the metallic bolt directly contacts with the reinforced concrete peg for bolt 36 and 313;
B), can adopt rubber protective sleeve 39 and it is fastened in the annular groove of stainless nut outside, to play a protective role with tightening up ring 38 in order to prevent that the bolt point end parts outside resistive element 311, conductive material 312 and the nut from producing phenomenons such as corrosion.
C) can be at the pad place of bolt tail 33 and 319, block the circular hole that bolt tail and stainless nut constitute with butter and rubber cylinder etc., to reach the effect of protection solder joint.
Referring to shown in Figure 4, Fig. 4 utilizes above-mentioned monitoring device to finish the particular flow sheet of actual monitoring.Monitoring method of the present invention comprises the steps: at least
1) determines position, monitoring point and number.According to the characteristics of the slope project of being monitored, the point of finding out the most probable cracking is as the monitoring point, and some monitoring points that will be located substantially on the line are linked to be a survey line.As shown in Figure 1, be provided with one on the side slope section 12 among Fig. 1 and be positioned at the survey line 13 that the monitoring point that easily produces cracking is formed by A, B, C, D, E etc.
In the ordinary course of things, survey line will arrange along the direction of side slope steepest, and it is in the projection on the level with occurred the projection approximate vertical of cracking on surface level that maybe will produce.
2) structure monitoring device.According to the number that is in a monitoring point on the survey line together, design a resistance-type crack state monitoring device, comprise in this monitoring device and the same number of monitoring component in monitoring point, and configure the resistance of resistance in each monitoring component.Have five monitoring point A, B, C, D, E such as survey line shown in Figure 1, then design five resistance-type crack state monitoring parts that resistance value is different in this monitoring device, wherein the principle of design of each resistance value as previously mentioned.
3) actual test.Monitoring device is installed on actual monitor area, the corresponding monitoring point of each monitoring component.
4) monitoring.The throughput apparatus of resistance is read the current total resistance value of measuring and is judged in real time, if current total resistance value is changed to zero, then continues monitoring; Otherwise, if current total resistance value is non-vanishing, then determine the position of the monitoring component of current disconnection according to the corresponding relation of current resistance value and foregoing resistance value and monitoring component, and then pass through the corresponding relation of each monitoring component and monitoring point, the cracking point wherein as can be known.After this cracking point Monitoring and Positioning finished, judging whether needed to continue test, if desired, then returns step 4), otherwise withdraws from.
When actual monitoring, can adopt dual mode: a kind of is manual monitoring, measures total resistance value with the simple resistance instrument that measures exactly, at every turn with the manual mode record and carry out corresponding analyzing and processing.Another kind is automatic monitoring, adopt exactly and comprise the measuring instrument that measures the resistance function, this instrument also has the each measurement of automatic record, automatically measurement is analyzed, and provide the functions such as judged result of monitoring point fracture position, it can be monitored incessantly in real time and submit to the result to report, the slip-stick artist handles it according to corresponding report again.
In a word, adopt monitoring device of the present invention and monitoring method can monitor in real time in actual applications with locate in the certain limit, many places point easy to crack maybe can separate the state at place, and reliability, precision are higher, simple to operate flexibly, fast, the more convenient user of judgement speed uses.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1, a kind of resistance-type multipoint engineering structural or geology side slope crack state monitoring device comprise that one measures resistance instrument (21), at least more than one the monitoring component (20) that is connected into a survey line (27) and a pair of main traverse line (22), (28).Wherein, monitoring component (20) is one and can be reduced to by a resistance (23) and one section lead that can be disconnected (24) and be formed in parallel and has the circuit component of input end (25) and output terminal (26); Measuring resistance instrument (21) is to have at least 1 above resistance measurement passage, each passage has two and measures terminal, be used for connecting and the same survey line of monitoring (27) is gone up total series impedance of all monitoring components (20) in real time variation, and the device that one or more monitoring components (20) of the resistance change that surpasses appointment are accurately located and reported to the police.The structural relation of various piece is in the monitoring device, at least more than one the monitoring component (20) that is installed on each cracking of engineering structure or separating position shifting state monitoring point place, output terminal (26) by will two adjacent monitoring components and input end (25) join and are connected into a survey line (27); Two terminals measuring passage that measure resistance instrument (21) link to each other with an end of two main traverse lines (22), (28) respectively; The other end of main traverse line (22), (28) respectively with same survey line (27) on the input end (29) of first monitoring component and the output terminal (30) of last monitoring component link to each other.The present invention also discloses and the corresponding a kind of monitoring method of this monitoring device simultaneously.
2, monitoring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the resistance sum of the middle resistance (23) of an above monitoring component (20) of the resistance of resistance (23) and combination in any is all unequal in last each monitoring component (20) of same survey line (27), therefore, there is unique corresponding relation in the combination in any situation that lead (24) takes place to disconnect in the monitoring component at each place, monitoring point on the variation of total series impedance of each monitoring component and this survey line on the same survey line.
3, monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the resistance (23) in the monitoring component (20) is to have the resistance of the flexibility that the difficult quilt of certain extensibility breaks or be formed by connecting by one section curling lead and a conventional, electric-resistance.
4, monitoring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, lead (24) in the monitoring component (20) is one section can surpass the lead of setting the separately relative of permissible value or alternate displacement disconnection between the monitored parts two ends, this lead (24) can be the lead of one section reality, also can be can equivalence be the conductive member with inner structure of a section lead on circuit theory.
5, monitoring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the two ends of each monitoring component (20) all are fixed on by a pair of survey seat or peg in the mode that insulate needs point easy to crack of monitoring or the both sides that separation displacement point place easily takes place on engineering structure or the geology side slope, the displacement of disconnection takes place in the lead (24) that satisfies claim 4 in the monitoring component, is set to the maximum that the monitoring point the allowed cracking of this monitoring component or separates shift value.
6, monitoring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, measure the corresponding relation of resistance instrument (21) according to determined total resistance value of claim 2 and monitoring point, measure by single channel total series impedance of each monitoring component on the same survey line, the cracking of multiple spot or separate the state of displacement on monitoring works structure or the geology side slope simultaneously, and accurate real-time positioning and warning are carried out in each monitoring point that has exceeded maximum permission shift value.
7, monitoring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when the employing of the lead (24) in the monitoring component (20) has the conductive member of structure, monitoring component will further comprise: two bolts that conductive material is made, and two bolts are with intensity lower conductive material welding or connection; These two bolts are individually fixed in the upper end of surveying seat by electrically non-conductive material or through the nut that insulation is handled, and the outside of this nut is an annular groove; An end of lead is welded in the afterbody of one of them bolt with an end of a main traverse line in the monitoring component; The other end of lead is welded in the afterbody of another bolt with an end of another main traverse line in the monitoring component.
8, monitoring device according to claim 7; it is characterized in that in described monitoring component; at resistive element, conductive material and the outside surface that is in the bolt tip outside the nut; be arranged with the rubber protective sleeve and tighten up ring, tighten up ring the rubber protective sleeve is anchored in the annular groove of nut outside.
9, monitoring device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that in described monitoring component, the slide outside of a side nut projecting surface is socketed with an overcoat therein, this overcoat directly is fixed together with the survey seat, between the axial end of overcoat and the axial end of nut an end play is arranged, this end play is used to control the cracking width that the cracking point is allowed, and this gap length is adjustable, is used to control cracking width or the separation displacement size that the monitoring point allows.
10, monitoring device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that in described monitoring component, welding or tie point between two bolts, can have certain toughness, or actual be to link by one section conductive material with certain deformation ability, thereby make micro-displacement or rotation on other direction outside the cracking direction of main monitoring, can not cause the disconnection of pad.
11, monitoring device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that in described monitoring component, change the installation direction of the bolt of band slip cap, and make this direction consistent with the direction of separating displacement that will monitor, just can realize opening on this direction, up and down the changing of the relative positions or about the precise monitoring of cracking displacement state such as shear.
12, a kind of resistance-type multipoint engineering structural crack state monitoring method is characterized in that this method comprises the steps: at least
A. determine the connectivity scenario of monitoring point number and position and survey line;
B. construct resistance-type multipoint engineering structural as claimed in claim 1 or geology side slope crack state monitoring device, set the value of the resistance (23) in each monitoring component (20) in the monitoring device, wherein, the number of monitoring component (20) equals determined monitoring point number among the step a in the monitoring device;
C. bury underground in the actual monitoring zone and survey seat and be installed the step, make that each monitoring component (20) correspondence is installed on the monitoring point in the monitoring device by the good monitoring device of structure among the b;
D. the maybe cracking displacement of needs warning of maximum cracking displacement that allows according to each monitoring point, being provided with in each monitoring component (20) equivalence to be the disconnection displacement of the conductive member of lead (24);
E. the consumption apparatus of resistance is read the total resistance value after each monitoring component (20) connects in real time, if total resistance value is changed to zero, continues monitoring, promptly returns steps d; Otherwise,, determine the position, monitoring point that the cracking state changes according to the corresponding relation of total resistance value and monitoring point; Then, judging whether needs to continue test, if desired, then returns steps d, otherwise withdraws from.
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| CN 200510124030 CN100554999C (en) | 2005-11-28 | 2005-11-28 | A kind of multipoint engineering structural crack state monitoring device and method thereof |
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| CN110068265A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-30 | 同济大学 | A kind of multistage surmounts triggering device for detecting deformation |
| CN113112760A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-13 | 四川华能宝兴河水电有限责任公司 | Hydropower station dam break disaster event scene construction and emergency evaluation analysis system |
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| US4503710A (en) * | 1983-06-08 | 1985-03-12 | Conoco Inc. | Crack detection by electrical resistance |
| CN2043757U (en) * | 1989-01-25 | 1989-08-30 | 沈阳飞机制造公司 | Crack detector |
| CN2583673Y (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2003-10-29 | 武汉大学 | Oval ring restraining cracking automatic monitoring and testing device |
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| CN1645119A (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2005-07-27 | 福州大学 | Automatic testing method, apparatus and use for slit appear time |
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