CN100548650C - 用于挤出穿孔密封剂并安装于轮胎上的方法与设备 - Google Patents
用于挤出穿孔密封剂并安装于轮胎上的方法与设备 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
提供了一种制造带有内置式密封剂的轮胎的方法与设备。这种方法包括以下步骤：将内衬层安装于轮胎成型鼓上，将密封剂组分挤成具有锥形侧壁的条，将条切成所需长度，将密封剂安装于内衬层上方，以及将一个或多个轮胎部件铺放于密封剂上方。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于制作穿孔密封剂并将其应用于安装在轮胎成型鼓上的轮胎部件上的方法与设备。
定义
“断面高宽比”是指轮胎的截面高度与其截面宽度之比。
“轴向”和“沿轴向”是指平行于轮胎的旋转轴线的线或方向。
“胎圈”或“胎圈芯”一般是指包括环形抗拉构件的轮胎部分，径向内侧胎圈与将轮胎保持于轮辋上相关联，其由帘布层帘线缠绕并且成形为带有或不带其它增强元件如外护圈包布、胎跟加强层、三角胶芯、护趾胶和胎圈包布。
“带束层结构”或“增强带束层”是指由平行帘线构成的至少两个环形层或帘布层，帘线经过编织或未经编织，位于胎面下方，非锚定于胎圈上，并且左右帘线角度相对于轮胎的赤道面处于17°至27°的范围内。
“斜交轮胎”是指胎体帘布层中的增强帘线相对于轮胎的赤道面成大约25-65°的角度从胎圈芯向胎圈芯对角地延伸跨过轮胎，帘线在交替的层中成相反角度延伸。
“缓冲层”或“轮胎缓冲层”与带束层或带束层结构或增强带束层相同。
“胎体”是指轮胎帘布层材料和其它轮胎部件的层压制品，它们被切成适当长度以便拼接或已经拼接成圆筒形或环形形状。在对胎体进行硫化以便形成模制轮胎之前可以将其它部件加到胎体上。
“圆周方向”是指沿着与轴向垂直的环形胎面的表面的周长延伸的线或方向；其还可以指一组相邻圆形曲线的方向，沿截面观察时所述曲线的半径限定了胎面的轴向曲率。
“帘线”是指用于增强帘布层的增强线股之一，其包括纤维。
“内衬层”是指形成无内胎型轮胎的内表面并且容纳着轮胎内的充气流体的由弹性体或其它材料构成的一层或多层。
“插件”是指通常用于增强安全型轮胎的侧壁的月牙形或楔形增强件；其还指位于胎面之下的弹性体非月牙形插件。
“帘布层”是指由涂有弹性体、沿径向展开或平行的帘线构成的帘线增强层。
“径向”和“沿径向”是指沿径向朝向或背离轮胎的旋转轴线的方向。
“子午线帘布层结构”是指一个或多个胎体帘布层，其中至少一个帘布层具有相对于轮胎赤道面成介于65°与90°之间的角度定向的增强帘线。
“子午线轮胎”是指一种带束的或沿圆周方向箍紧的充气轮胎，其中从胎圈延伸至胎圈的胎体帘布层增强结构相对于轮胎赤道面以介于65°与90°之间的帘布角度放置。
“侧壁”是指位于胎面与胎圈之间的轮胎的部分。
“斜切”或“斜切角度”是指刀具相对于正在切割的材料所成的切割角度；斜切角度相对于正在切割的扁平材料的平面进行测量。
“层压结构”是指由一个或多个轮胎的层或弹性体部件如内衬层、侧壁及任选的帘布层制成的未硫化结构。
附图说明
通过考虑结合附图进行的以下描述，将会更加清楚本发明的结构、操作及优点，其中：
图1为带有密封剂的轮胎的横截面的示意图；
图2为密封剂层、隔离层与内衬层的横截面的示意图。
具体实施方式
现在参看图1，示出了一种根据本发明构造的自封式充气轮胎的剖视图。轮胎2包括侧壁3、支承轮胎胎体4、一对胎圈5、内衬层6、密封剂层7、隔离层9以及外部圆周胎面8。侧壁3从胎面部分8的轴向外缘沿径向向内延伸以便连接相应的胎圈。胎体4用作胎面与侧壁的支承结构，并且包括一个或多个帘布层。所示的密封剂层7安置于内衬层6与隔离层9之间。密封剂层7还可被置于不同的位置处，如以下更详细所述。胎面区域8形成了胎体的胎冠区域。在胎面的内部区域中，一般存在一个或多个带束层18。胎面的表面区域形成了胎面花纹。
密封剂层7可以包括如美国专利4,895,610中所述的聚合物组分，该专利的全部内容被引入作为参考。其中所述的聚合物组分按重量比算包括以下组分：100份丁基橡胶共聚物、约10至约40份碳黑、约5至约35份聚异丁烯、约5至约35份油填充剂、约0至约1份硫以及约1至约8份过氧化物硫化剂。第二聚合物组分按重量比算包括以下组分：100份丁基橡胶共聚物、约20至约30份碳黑、约8至约12份聚异丁烯、约8至约12份油填充剂、约0.1至约0.4份硫以及约2至约4份过氧化物硫化剂。
密封剂层7还可以包括有色聚合物组分，如2004年8月13日提交的美国未决专利申请No.10/917,620中所述，该专利的全部内容在此引入作为参考。除了碳黑之外，按照每100份重量的所述部分解聚丁基橡胶的重量份数来算，有色聚合物组分包括：
(A)作为异丁烯与异戊二烯的共聚物的部分有机过氧化物解聚的丁基橡胶，其中在进行此类解聚反应之前，所述丁基橡胶包括源于异戊二烯的约0.5至约5个，优选地介于0.5至1范围内的百分数单位，以及相应地源于异丁烯的约95至约99.5个，优选地介于99至99.5范围内的重量百分数单位；
(B)微粒增强填充物包括：
(1)约20至约50重量份的合成无定形二氧化硅，优选地为沉淀白炭黑，或者
(2)约15至约30重量份的合成无定形二氧化硅，优选地为沉淀白炭黑，以及约5至约20重量份的粘土，优选地为高岭粘土，或者
(3)约15至约30重量份的合成无定形二氧化硅，优选地为沉淀白炭黑，以及约5至约20重量份的碳酸钙，
(4)约15至约30重量份的合成无定形二氧化硅，优选地为沉淀白炭黑，约5至约15重量份的粘土，优选地为高岭粘土，以及约5至约15重量份的碳酸钙；
(C)0至6重量份，或者替代地约0.5至约5重量份的短有机纤维
(D)除黑色之外的着色剂，其中所述着色剂选自有机颜料、无机颜料与染料中至少一个，优选地选自有机颜料和无机颜料；
(E)0至约20重量份，或者替代地约2至约15重量份的橡胶加工用油，优选地橡胶加工用油的最大芳香族含量为约15个重量百分数，优选地环烷含量介于约35至约45个重量百分数的范围内以及优选地石蜡族含量介于约45至约55个重量分数的范围内。
美国专利6,837,287中对可以用于本发明的其它密封剂聚合物组分进行了描述，该专利的全部内容在此引入作为参考。
此外，任何具有由丁基橡胶和在100degC以上的高温下被活化的有机过氧化物硫化剂构成的聚合物组分的密封剂聚合物组分也可以用于本发明。
对制造轮胎的第一实施例描述如下。在远离轮胎成型厂的任选位置处或在轮胎成型厂使用本伯里式密炼机来混合密封剂聚合物组分。在混合聚合物组分之后，再将聚合物组分磨碎并且形成材料片，其中这些片通过涂有硅酮的垫布来互相隔开。将与聚合物组分隔开的涂有硅酮的垫布的一个实例就是由Precision Coating Co.Inc.，ofDedham MA制造并以商标S/W10出售的涂有硅酮的织造玻璃纤维布(在垫布的两面上都涂有硅酮)。将与聚合物组分隔开的垫布的另一个实例就是由Highland Industries制造的涂有硅氧烷的尼龙布。
接着，将密封剂聚合物组分的片与垫布分开并送入一个或多个粉碎机或受热压延辊中，其将复合物捣碎并利用加热来将其软化。一个或多个粉碎机可以任选地为波状。优选地，将这些辊加热至足以防止密封剂粘于辊上的温度。一个或多个粉碎机输出宽约为6-8英寸的密封剂聚合物组分的连续条。
接着，密封剂聚合物组分的连续条被以条的形式送入热进料螺旋式挤出机中，其中密封剂聚合物组分被加热至约200至约220deg F，更优选地介于约215至约217deg F的范围内。挤出机具有用于将密封剂聚合物组分形成其最终形状的模具，如图2中所示。密封剂的最终形状的横截面形状具有带有角状或锥形侧壁的大致互相平行的上、下表面。锥形边缘的角度介于约15至约30度的范围内。密封剂的未硫化宽度为约6至约9英寸或者为足以从轮胎的一个胎肩延伸至另一个胎肩的宽度。密封剂的未硫化厚度约为0.25英寸，但是厚度与宽度范围可以根据应用情况而改变。未硫化厚度的范围可以介于约0.05至约0.75英寸的范围内。例如，如果密封剂用于乘用轮胎中，则可能需要约0.125英寸的未硫化厚度，而对于载重轮胎而言，则可能需要约0.25英寸的未硫化厚度。
还可以使用一种冷进料挤出机，从而就不需要预热密封剂聚合物组分。可以利用冷进料挤出机的内部温度控制来在约200至约220degF的范围内，更优选地在约215至约217deg F的范围内加热组分。
挤出机的输出物被送进到输送带上。所挤出的密封剂聚合物组分可以随后被任选地利用水或冷却气体喷射以便将密封剂聚合物组分冷却至约100DegF以下。
然后，利用加热的刀具或超声刀具将所挤出的密封剂切成定长，而后可以将组分存储于钢盘式存储车或承重收集器中。
在密封剂被硫化之前的整个过程中，密封剂的温度优选地处于过氧化物活化温度以下。
在本发明的第二实施例中，可以使用齿轮泵式挤出机，从而就不需要预热密封剂聚合物组分。改变挤出机速度就可以独立地控制密封剂组分的温度。另外，齿轮泵为恒定容积装置，其将会容许密封剂组分直接被应用于轮胎成型鼓上。齿轮泵挤出机的一个优点就是容许启动并停止输出挤出物而不会浪费材料。
对用于制造带有密封剂层的轮胎的制造过程的第三实施例描述如下。首先，在本伯里式密炼机中混合选择用于密封剂层7的聚合物组分。然后，将聚合物组分送进到挤出机，不管是热进料挤出机还是冷进料挤出机。挤出机具有螺旋式进给机构和模具。模具的形状适用于形成所挤出的密封剂的截面形状，如图2中所示。密封剂的截面形状近似为带有角状或带斜面外缘的长矩形。从挤出机输出的条的宽度介于约6至约8英寸的范围内。条被挤出于垫片织物上，该垫片织物具有位于织物两侧上的垫片以便确保组分在辊压并存储于卷轴上时不会发生变形。然后，卷轴就可以被输送至轮胎成型鼓，密封剂组分在此被切成所需长度并安装于轮胎上。
所有上述实施例中的密封剂层都可以位于内衬层与隔离层之间或内衬层与胎体之间。优选地，密封剂层可以完全包装或封装于橡胶层之间以便防止密封剂迁移。例如，内置式密封剂层可以放置于轮胎内衬层橡胶层与轮胎胎体之间或者两个轮胎内衬层橡胶层之间，其中所述密封剂层可以：(A)从轮胎的一个胎肩穿过轮胎胎冠区域延伸至另一个胎肩；(B)可以放置于至少一个轮胎胎肩区域中并且延伸入轮胎的邻接轮胎侧壁部分的至少一个部分中，或(C)穿过轮胎胎冠区域从侧壁延伸至侧壁。
当密封剂层放置于第一橡胶层与第二橡胶层之间时，优选地，密封剂接头位于不同于第一与第二层的接头的位置处。另外优选地，在第二橡胶层被加入其上时缝合密封剂接头。
在未硫化的包含穿孔密封剂的轮胎中，密封剂组分层的厚度可以发生很大变化。一般来说，密封剂组分层的厚度可以介于约0.13cm(0.05英寸)至约1.9cm(0.75英寸)的范围内。在乘用轮胎中，正常情况下需要密封剂组分层的厚度约为0.32cm(0.125英寸)，而对于载重轮胎而言，可能需要的厚度约为0.76cm(0.25英寸)或以上。
在对本发明的未硫化充气橡胶轮胎进行成型之后，使用正常轮胎硫化周期对它们进行硫化。本发明的轮胎可以在宽温度范围内被硫化。例如，乘用轮胎可以在介于约130℃至约170℃范围内的温度被硫化，并且载重轮胎可以在介于约130℃至约170℃范围内的温度被硫化。这样，硫化温度可以介于例如约130℃至约170℃的范围内并且持续一段时间(例如从约10至约45分钟或以上，有点取决于轮胎的尺寸和需要解聚丁基橡胶的程度及密封剂层自身的厚度)并且足以将所述密封剂前体层至少部分解聚成前述储能模量(G’)物理性能。实际上，用于在适用的模具中硫化轮胎的周期的持续时间因此可以，例如对于乘用轮胎为约10至14分钟，而对载重轮胎为约25至约55分钟。
尽管已经示出了某些代表性实施例和细节以便对本发明进行示例说明，但是将会清楚，在不背离本发明精神或范围的情况下，在本领域内仍然可以对其做出各种的变化与改动。
Claims (3)
1.一种制造带有内置式密封剂的轮胎的方法，其特征在于以下步骤：
将内衬层安装于轮胎成型鼓上，将密封剂组分挤成具有锥形侧壁的条，将条切成所需长度，将密封剂安装于内衬层上方，将轮胎部件铺放于密封剂上方，其中密封剂为有色密封剂，密封剂包括有色聚合物组分，其特征在于，除了碳黑之外，按照每100份重量的所述部分解聚丁基橡胶的重量份数来算，有色聚合物组分包括：
(A)作为异丁烯与异戊二烯的共聚物的部分有机过氧化物解聚的丁基橡胶，其中在进行此类解聚反应之前，所述丁基橡胶包括源于异戊二烯的约0.5至约5个百分数单位，以及相应地源于异丁烯的约95至约99.5个重量百分数单位；
(B)微粒增强填充物包括：
(1)约20至约50重量份的合成无定形二氧化硅，或者
(2)约15至约30重量份的合成无定形二氧化硅，以及约5至约20重量份的粘土，或者
(3)约15至约30重量份的合成无定形二氧化硅和约5至约20重量份的碳酸钙，或者
(4)约15至约30重量份的合成无定形二氧化硅、约5至约15重量份的粘土以及约5至约15重量份的碳酸钙；
(C)0至6重量份的短有机纤维；
(D)除黑色之外的着色剂，其中所述着色剂选自有机颜料、无机颜料与染料中的至少一个；以及
(E)0至约20重量份的橡胶加工用油。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，密封剂的宽度介于约6英寸至约8英寸的范围内。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述微粒增强填充物的(2)中的所述约15至约30重量份的合成无定形二氧化硅是沉淀白炭黑。
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| US64832905P | 2005-01-28 | 2005-01-28 | |
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| US8156979B2 (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2012-04-17 | Joseph Alan Incavo | Tire with zoned built-in sealant layer |
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| US8578986B2 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2013-11-12 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Pneumatic tire having a built-in seamless polyurethane sealant layer and preparation thereof |
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| WO2017223173A1 (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2017-12-28 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc | Methods for treating inner liner surface, inner liners resulting therefrom and tires containing such inner liners |
| JP6700440B2 (ja) | 2016-06-30 | 2020-05-27 | ブリヂストン アメリカズ タイヤ オペレーションズ、 エルエルシー | インナーライナーを処理するための方法、処理の結果として生じるインナーライナー、及びそのようなインナーライナーを含むタイヤ |
| WO2018112179A1 (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2018-06-21 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc | Sealant layer with barrier, tire containing same, and related processes |
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| DE602006010753D1 (de) | 2010-01-14 |
| EP1688239B1 (en) | 2009-12-02 |
| BRPI0600165B1 (pt) | 2016-04-19 |
| EP1688239A1 (en) | 2006-08-09 |
| BRPI0600165A (pt) | 2007-07-17 |
| US20060169393A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
| CN101003186A (zh) | 2007-07-25 |
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