A kind of tower external oxidation lime/acetylene sludge-gypsum process desulphurization technology and device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flue gas desulfurization technique, relate in particular to a kind of flue gas desulfurization technique and device of tower external oxidation.
Background technology
Limestone/lime-gypsum method flue gas desulfurization technique just began to occur in the 60 to 70's of twentieth century, had become the most ripe technology in flue gas desulfurization field.Since the oxidation of calcium sulfite need be under lower pH value could quick oxidation, so the method that early stage limestone-gypsum method all adopts the tower external oxidation to add acid adjusting lime slurry pH value prepares desulfurated plaster, develop the sulfur removal technology that low pH value absorption, oxidation in the tower subsequently gradually, improved the reliability of desulphurization system, simultaneously the by-product desulfurated plaster.But because the pH value of absorption liquid is lower, so the liquid-gas ratio that adopts is big.
What existing lime-gypsum method generally adopted is that two-part double-cycle process or tower external oxidation prepare desulfurated plaster technology.First section of the two-part double-cycle process is adopted high pH value to absorb sulfur dioxide, and fresh desulfurizing agent lime slurry joins first absorber portion; PH value absorption sulfur dioxide is hanged down in second section employing, blasts oxidation air toward the tower still simultaneously, and oxidation prepares desulfurated plaster, and whole flue gases pass through twice absorption in this technology, the desulfuration efficiency height, but liquid-gas ratio is bigger, and the height of two desulfurizing towers or increase desulfurizing tower need be set.The desulfurated plaster technology for preparing the tower external oxidation then adopts higher pH value absorption sulfur dioxide in the tower, lime slurry after the absorption enters oxidation tank, adds dilute sulfuric acid more therein and reduces the interior pH value of oxidation tank, reaches optimum oxidation pH value, because the sulfuric acid price is higher, so method is less economical.
A kind of double circulation loop process for flue gas desulfurization by limestone/lime-gypsum wet method is disclosed in the Chinese invention patent application 200610200285.9, adopt double loop desulfurizing tower spray system, each circuit system has relatively independent spraying layer, slurry circulating pump and slurries gathering-device, has connecting pipe to be communicated with between two slurries gathering-devices.Double loop desulfurizing tower spray system is moved under different pH, and the pH of last loop slurries is controlled at 5.5-6.8, and the pH of following loop slurries is controlled at 4-5.Technological process is: flue gas in the desulfurizing tower following loop slurries circulating box and following loop spraying layer between enter, at first with the slurries haptoreaction of following loop spraying layer ejection, cool simultaneously, up spray the further haptoreaction of the slurries that get off with last loop spraying layer then, the clean flue gas after the desulfurization discharges through behind the demister.Lime stone slurry is transported in the slurries circulating box of loop, is collected into the last loop slurries catch tray that is arranged in the desulfurizing tower middle part through reacted slurries, gets back to loop slurries circulating box by pipeline.Part slurries in the slurries circulating box of last loop are delivered to the following loop slurries circulating box of desulfurizing tower bottom by connecting pipe, and the slurries behind spray and smoke reaction are got back to down loop slurries circulating box.Blast air from the desulfurizing tower bottom, the calcium sulfite slurries in the slurries circulating box of following loop are oxidized to the calcium sulfate slurries,, deliver to gypsum dehydration system by the gypsum excavationg pump.
" the low concentration sulphur dioxide flue gas desulfurization " of editorial office of Institute of Chemical Industry, Corp., of Nanjing City's " sulfuric acid industry " writing, 1981, the lime-gypsum method tower external oxidation method that the Mitsubishi heavy industry adopts is disclosed among the 113-117, its technological process is: flue gas washes with water in cooling tower, lower the temperature and humidification after, be cooled to about 60 ℃, remove 89~90% flue dust simultaneously, enter then in the two-stage tandem desulfurizing tower and carry out washing desulphurization with lime slurry.Through desulfurization and the flue gas after removing mist, be warming up to discharging about 140 ℃ through reheater.Absorb SO
2After slurries, adjust pH value to 4~4.5 with sulfuric acid after, in oxidizing tower, under 60~80 ℃, use 5 kilograms per centimeter
2Compressed air carry out oxidation, be to accelerate oxidation rate, this method adopts the turning circle cartridge type atomizer of Japanese industrial technology company to blast bubble.Autoxidation tower tail gas discharged is because of containing the SO of trace
2, need send in the desulfurizing tower.The oxidation rear slurry promptly gets product through the thickening dehydration.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of reduction investment and operating cost, simultaneously the higher tower external oxidation lime/acetylene sludge-gypsum process flue gas desulfurization technique of quality of desulphurization gypsum of by-product.
A kind of tower external oxidation lime/acetylene sludge-gypsum process desulphurization technology, comprise initial flue gas is fed desulfurizing tower and lime slurry reaction, sulfur in smoke is absorbed back gas cleaning discharging by lime/carbide slag slurry, lime/carbide slag slurry becomes desulfurization slurry absorb sulfur dioxide in desulfurizing tower after, desulfurization slurry is discharged desulfurizing tower and is fed oxidation tank, a described initial flue gas part feeds in the desulfurizing tower reacts with lime/carbide slag slurry, another part feeding oxidation tank is adjusted to 3.0-5.5 with the pH value of the desulfurization slurry of desulfurizing tower discharge, and the desulfurization slurry after bubbling air and the adjustment pH value carries out the also recovery of oxidation reaction generation desulfurated plaster in oxidation tank again.
Described initial flue gas feeds the 1-20% that oxidation tank volume partly accounts for initial flue gas cumulative volume.
The pH value of the reaction system of flue gas and lime/carbide slag slurry is 5.5-8.0 in the desulfurizing tower.
The flue gas that feeds the oxidation tank part is discharged oxidation tank and is entered desulfurizing tower and react with lime/carbide slag slurry in oxidation tank with after the desulfurization slurry effect.
The desulfurated plaster particle diameter that generates in the oxidation tank is at the 60-100 micron, and calcium hydroxide content is less than 0.01%.
The main component of carbide slag is calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH)
2), with the main component Ca (OH) behind the lime slaking
2Identical, can be used as the replacement of lime, carbide slag slurry can directly be quoted the carbide slag slurry that acetylene production produces, also can be with the carbide slag water distribution slurrying again after the dehydration.
The present invention also provides the device of implementing described a kind of tower external oxidation lime/acetylene sludge-gypsum process desulphurization technology, comprising:
Fume treatment unit;
Lime/carbide slag slurry preparation unit is used for preparation and carries lime/carbide slag slurry to fume treatment unit;
The desulfurated plaster processing unit is used for the desulfurated plaster that the smoke treatment processing unit is discharged;
Described fume treatment unit, comprise main air blower, desulfurizing tower, booster fan, oxidation fan and oxidation tank, wherein the main air blower air outlet is divided into two-way, one the tunnel is connected with desulfurizing tower, another road is connected with the air inlet of booster fan, the outlet of the desulfurization slurry of booster fan air outlet and desulfurizing tower all is communicated with oxidation tank, and oxidation tank is communicated with the air inlet of main air blower by the oxidation tank flue of giving vent to anger, and the oxidation fan air outlet is communicated with oxidation tank.
The desulfurization slurry outlet of described desulfurizing tower and the pipeline between oxidation tank are provided with the slurries excavationg pump.
Be provided with smoke washer in the described oxidation tank, the desulfurization slurry outlet of booster fan air outlet and desulfurizing tower all is communicated with smoke washer.
Described oxidation tank and oxidation tank are given vent to anger and are provided with demister between flue.
Be provided with agitator in the described oxidation tank.
Described lime/carbide slag slurry preparation unit comprises lime warehouse, conveying worm, weighing jar, lime slaker, ashing pump, lime white flow container and the lime white liquid pump of connecting successively, and wherein the lime slurry pump discharge is communicated with desulfurizing tower.
Described desulfurated plaster processing unit, comprise gypsum excavationg pump, hydraulic cyclone station, vacuum band-type filter machine, moisture trap, filter cake flush box, filter cake flush water pump and filtrate tank, described hydraulic cyclone station and oxidation tank pass through pipeline connection, be provided with the gypsum excavationg pump in the pipeline, the underflow outlet of hydraulic cyclone station is communicated with vacuum band-type filter machine, and the filtrate (liquid of vacuum band-type filter machine is communicated with filtrate tank.
Desulfurization process of the present invention is:
The flue gas that comes out from boiler is gone into main air blower through dedusting is laggard, main air blower outlet flue gas (initial flue gas) is divided into two-way, most of flue gas enters desulfurizing tower, the desulfurizing tower import is provided with the cooling spray equipment, through the cooling cooled smoke in desulfurizing tower from bottom to top with top-down lime/carbide slag slurry haptoreaction, again through entering smoke stack emission behind the demister; The fraction flue gas enters oxidation tank by a booster fan, is provided with smoke washer in the oxidation tank, and sulfur in smoke is absorbed, and the pH value that is used to regulate oxidation tank makes it to help the oxidation of calcium sulfite.Because the pH value in the oxidation tank is lower, can not qualified discharge through the fraction flue gas of washing, so still get back to the main air blower import, and enter desulfurizing tower and carry out desulfurization, guarantee overall desulfuration efficiency.Desulfurization slurry in the desulfurizing tower enters into oxidation tank by the slurries excavationg pump, with the fraction smoke reaction, removes unnecessary absorbent lime/carbide slag in oxidation tank, reduces the pH value.The air catalytic oxidation of coming in oxidation fan simultaneously becomes desulfurated plaster with wherein calcium sulfite oxidation.Desulfurization slurry after oxidation is that the desulfurated plaster slurries pass through the gypsum excavationg pump to rotational flow station, and the top rarer desulfurated plaster slurries of stream are got back in the desulfurizing tower, guarantee the seed concentration in the desulfurizing tower, prevent fouling.The desulfurated plaster slurries that underflow is thicker enter vacuum band-type filter machine, make desulfurated plaster after dehydration.Filtrate is collected reservoir, and most of filtrate is got back to the preparation that lime slaker is used for lime/carbide slag slurry, and fraction filtrate is gone wastewater treatment.
Technology of the present invention directly enters desulfurizing tower from the flue gas major part that main air blower comes out, only some enters the interior wash mill of oxidation tank later on through booster fan, the pH value of the desulfurization slurry that reduction ejects from desulfurizing tower, make it to reach the required favourable pH value of oxidation, improve the utilization rate of desulfurizing agent, reduce the calcium hydroxide residual quantity in the desulfurated plaster; Because the slurries in the oxidation tank do not circulate, reduce the probability that gypsum crystal is worn and reduces simultaneously, increased the particle diameter of gypsum crystal.
Adopt higher pH to absorb sulfur in smoke in the technology desulfurizing tower of the present invention, guaranteed the desulfuration efficiency of system, desulfurizing tower adopts partial fume to regulate the pH value of oxidation tank outward, blasts oxidation air simultaneously and prepares desulfurated plaster.With prior art lime-gypsum method compare and not only reduced investment and operating cost, the quality of desulphurization gypsum of by-product is higher simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention, among the figure:
1, desulfurizing tower 2, circulating pump 3, lime warehouse
4, conveying worm 5, weighing jar 6, lime slaker
7, ashing pump 8, lime white flow container 9, lime white liquid pump
10, slurries excavationg pump 11, oxidation tank 12, gypsum excavationg pump
13, booster fan 14, oxidation fan 15, hydraulic cyclone station
16, vacuum band-type filter machine 17, filtrate tank 18, time liquid pump
19, moisture trap 20, filter cake flush box 21, filter cake flush water pump
22, vavuum pump 23, oxidation tank air inlet flue 24, the oxidation tank flue of giving vent to anger
25, accident pool 26, accident pump 27, smoke washer
28, demister 29, main air blower 30, chimney
31, fresh water (FW) pipeline 32, desulfurated plaster 33, waste water
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, technological process of the present invention is, the flue gas that comes out from boiler is gone into main air blower 29 through dedusting is laggard, main air blower 29 outlet flue gases (initial flue gas) are divided into two-way, wherein major part enters desulfurizing tower 1, this partial fume is in desulfurizing tower 1 and lime/carbide slag slurry reaction, chimney 30 from desulfurizing tower 1 top after purifying discharges, desulfurizing tower 1 can be plate columns such as rotating stream tray scrubber, sieve-plate tower, bubble column, and packed tower, venturi, spray column etc., desulfurizing tower 1 sodalime/carbide slag slurry is by circulating pump 2 circulations.
Absorbent lime or carbide slag are stored in the lime warehouse 3, enter lime slaker 6 by conveying worm 4 and weighing jar 5, ashing pump 7 imports lime white flow container 8 again, and the lime/carbide slag slurry in the lime white flow container 8 is transported in the desulfurizing tower 1 by lime white liquid pump 9 as required.Lime/carbide slag slurry forms desulfurization slurry after entering desulfurizing tower 1 and smoke reaction, and desulfurization slurry is discharged to oxidation tank 11 by slurries excavationg pump 10 through oxidation tank air inlet flue 23.
In oxidation tank 11, another road (fraction) of main air blower 29 outlet flue gases (initial flue gas) enters in the oxidation tank 11 by booster fan 13, with desulfurization slurry reaction from slurries excavationg pump 10, remove the intact lime of unreacted in the desulfurization slurry, reduce the pH value, simultaneously desulfurization slurry and air reaction from oxidation fan 14, oxidation makes desulfurated plaster.
In order to promote contacting of flue gas and desulfurization slurry in the oxidation tank 11, can in oxidation tank 11, establish smoke washer 27, flue gas and desulfurization slurry are by smoke washer 27 abundant haptoreactions.
Getting back to main air blower 29 imports through reacted flue gas after by demister 28 in the oxidation tank 11 enters in the desulfurizing tower 1 again.
Desulfurization slurry was converted into the desulfurated plaster slurries after oxidation reaction finished in the oxidation tank 11, the desulfurated plaster slurries enter hydraulic cyclone station 15 by gypsum excavationg pump 12 to be separated, the top at hydraulic cyclone station 15 flow back in the desulfurizing tower 1, and underflow gets desulfurated plaster 32 after entering vacuum band-type filter machine 16 dehydrations.The filtrate of vacuum band-type filter machine 16 enters filter cake flush box 20 by moisture trap 19, filter cake to vacuum band-type filter machine 16 washes as required, filtrate in the filter cake flush box 20 can be transported to filtrate tank 17 by filter cake flush water pump 21, most of filtrate is gone lime slaker 6 reuses by returning liquid pump 18 in the filtrate tank 17, and fraction filtrate is that waste water 33 goes wastewater treatment.Moisture trap 19 is isolated gas phase by vavuum pump 22.
The used fresh water (FW) of each equipment can feed by fresh water (FW) pipeline 31.
When needs overhaul or have an accident, can import in accident pool 25 temporary by accident pump 26 desulfurization slurry in the desulfurizing tower 1.
Carry out flue gas according to above technological process and handle, certain 220t/h of steam power plant coal-powder boiler adopts lime desulfurization, exhaust gas volumn 380000m
3/ h, desulfurizing tower import sulfur dioxide concentration 7100mg/Nm
3, design liquid-gas ratio 8L/m
3, pH value 6.8 in the desulfurizing tower, pH value 4.3 in the oxidation tank, feeding oxidation tank exhaust gas volumn partly accounts for 14% of total exhaust gas volumn, and desulfuration efficiency 98.1%, desulfurated plaster moisture content be less than 8%, purity 92%, particle diameter 67-100 micron, calcium hydroxide residual volume 0.007%.
Embodiment 2
According to the technological process smoke treatment of embodiment 1, certain 130t/h of steam power plant coal-powder boiler adopts carbide slag desulfurization, exhaust gas volumn 240000m
3/ h, desulfurizing tower import sulfur dioxide concentration 4000mg/Nm
3, design liquid-gas ratio 5L/m
3, pH value 8.0 in the desulfurizing tower, pH value 5.0 in the oxidation tank, feeding oxidation tank exhaust gas volumn partly accounts for 20% of total exhaust gas volumn, and desulfuration efficiency 96.2%, desulfurated plaster moisture content be less than 9%, purity 91%, particle diameter 60-90 micron, calcium hydroxide residual volume 0.009%.
Embodiment 3
According to the technological process smoke treatment of embodiment 1, certain 170t/h of steam power plant coal-powder boiler adopts lime desulfurization, exhaust gas volumn 280000m
3/ h, desulfurizing tower import sulfur dioxide concentration 2100mg/Nm
3, design liquid-gas ratio 3L/m
3, pH value 6.0 in the desulfurizing tower, pH value 4.0 in the oxidation tank, feeding oxidation tank exhaust gas volumn partly accounts for 10% of total exhaust gas volumn, and desulfuration efficiency 92.6%, desulfurated plaster moisture content be less than 8%, purity 92%, particle diameter 70-100 micron, calcium hydroxide residual volume 0.005%.
Embodiment 4
According to the technological process smoke treatment of embodiment 1, certain 150t/h of steam power plant coal-powder boiler adopts lime desulfurization, exhaust gas volumn 260000m
3/ h, desulfurizing tower import sulfur dioxide concentration 2000mg/Nm
3, design liquid-gas ratio 3L/m
3, pH value 6.5 in the desulfurizing tower, pH value 3.0 in the oxidation tank, feeding oxidation tank exhaust gas volumn partly accounts for 20% of total exhaust gas volumn, and desulfuration efficiency 94.2%, desulfurated plaster moisture content be less than 9%, purity 91%, particle diameter 70-100 micron, calcium hydroxide residual volume 0.002%.
Embodiment 5
According to the technological process smoke treatment of embodiment 1, certain 410t/h of steam power plant coal-powder boiler adopts carbide slag desulfurization, exhaust gas volumn 560000m
3/ h, desulfurizing tower import sulfur dioxide concentration 5400mg/Nm
3, design liquid-gas ratio 6L/m
3, pH value 5.5 in the desulfurizing tower, pH value 5.0 in the oxidation tank, feeding oxidation tank exhaust gas volumn partly accounts for 1% of total exhaust gas volumn, and desulfuration efficiency 91.6%, desulfurated plaster moisture content be less than 10%, purity 90%, particle diameter 62-100 micron, calcium hydroxide residual volume 0.009%.
Embodiment 6
According to the technological process smoke treatment of embodiment 1, certain the 2 * 65t/h of steam power plant coal-powder boiler adopts lime desulfurization, exhaust gas volumn 260000m
3/ h, desulfurizing tower import sulfur dioxide concentration 5400mg/Nm
3, design liquid-gas ratio 6L/m
3, pH value 5.5 in the desulfurizing tower, pH value 5.0 in the oxidation tank, feeding oxidation tank exhaust gas volumn partly accounts for 1% of total exhaust gas volumn, and desulfuration efficiency 91.6%, desulfurated plaster moisture content be less than 10%, purity 90%, particle diameter 62-100 micron, calcium hydroxide residual volume 0.009%.