CN100535567C - 冷却塔内的内部插件 - Google Patents
冷却塔内的内部插件 Download PDFInfo
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- CN100535567C CN100535567C CNB2004100300958A CN200410030095A CN100535567C CN 100535567 C CN100535567 C CN 100535567C CN B2004100300958 A CNB2004100300958 A CN B2004100300958A CN 200410030095 A CN200410030095 A CN 200410030095A CN 100535567 C CN100535567 C CN 100535567C
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
- F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
- F28F25/08—Splashing boards or grids, e.g. for converting liquid sprays into liquid films; Elements or beds for increasing the area of the contact surface
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
- F28F2245/08—Coatings; Surface treatments self-cleaning
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
- F28F2265/20—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for preventing development of microorganisms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S261/00—Gas and liquid contact apparatus
- Y10S261/11—Cooling towers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S261/00—Gas and liquid contact apparatus
- Y10S261/46—Residue prevention in humidifiers and air conditioners
Abstract
本发明涉及冷却塔内的内部插件，冷却塔潮/湿区域的插件基本上由塑料构成。添加剂添加入塑料内，用来防止或大幅度地减少在以后的使用中形成和累积在插件上的污物。
Description
技术领域
本发明主要涉及位于冷却塔的潮/湿区域内的由塑料制造的内部插件。冷却塔在各种工业领域应用，用来冷却水。在冷却过程中变热的冷却水被引入冷却塔内，并通过导管系统的多个开口达到在冷却塔内的均匀分布，例如在喷射装置或者喷嘴的帮助下达到均匀分布。经过上述过程，要冷却的水会从上方滴流在所谓的冷却插件之上，并慢慢地流过冷却插件。用来冷却水的冷却空气从冷却塔的另一端供应。通过蒸发和对流的方式，水将热量传递给经过冷却塔的空气。通过这种方式冷却后的水在冷却插件下方被收集起来，并经由收集器和管道离开冷却塔。经过冷却的水被用于另外的冷却过程，其中由于冷却塔内的冷却过程中的蒸发而损失的水由新的水来补充。在此过程中，水再次变热并再次被送入冷却塔中冷却。通过这种方式，用于冷却过程的冷却水的所需量能够最小化。
背景技术
为了保证冷却塔高效并无故障的工作，至关重要的是令水应尽可能均匀和缓慢地滴流过冷却塔的内部，以将尽可能多的热量传给冷却空气。污物或外物会妨碍水在塔内部的均匀分配和慢速滴流，从而降低冷却塔的效率。如果冷却水中存在杂质粒子，则也有可能将这些粒子过滤掉。无论如何，冷却塔内潮湿和温暖的环境将非常不利地促进微生物的形成，例如藻类和/或菌类。由于这个原因，为保证冷却塔无故障且高效工作，有必要清洗位于塔内部的插件，例如冷却插件、管道和收集器，因为在插件上滋生的微生物导致的水滴流通过的截面的堵塞会降低冷却效率或使冷却塔失效。而不利的是，清洗的工作在增加成本的同时又必须中断冷却塔的工作。在冷却插件领域，人们尝试通过冷却插件的各种设计来减少它们的污物，例如薄膜部件(film package)式、滴流格子式、液滴栅栏式、液滴木板式，或者通过增加冷却插件对污物的不敏感度(来减少污物的影响)。然而，为达到尽可能好的冷却效果以及冷却塔部件尽可能有效的工作，需要将待冷却的水细致地分配导入并使其尽可能慢地通过冷却插件，以达到水长时间处于冷却空气流中的效果。但是，水滴缓慢的流速却促使藻类的生成。相反的，增加水滴的流速将降低由于冷却插件的作用所达到的冷却效果。水和冷却空气流经的冷却插件的截面的部分堵塞，不仅降低了效率，并且由于需要清洗，从而还增加了成本，另外在冷却塔通过鼓风机推动空气时，操作成本也增加了，这是因为为了泵入流经冷却塔的所需的足够冷却空气，增加鼓风机的效率是必要的。由于这个原因，为了减少能源的消耗，应该尽可能的减少污物。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于冷却塔潮/湿区域的插件，以减少现有技术的上述不利之处。尤其是，在按照本发明的插件的帮助下，应该能够避免或大幅度地减少由于微生物的形成和积累而在冷却塔的插件上产生的污物。
为了解决这一技术问题，本发明提供了一种插件，该插件基本上由塑料制成，所用的塑料加入了足量的添加剂，该添加剂用来阻止由微生物的形成和积累而产生的污物。
通过在冷却塔潮/湿区域内使用按照本发明的插件，在冷却塔使用过程中，由微生物形成和积累而在这些插件上产生的污物被避免或大幅度地减少。这些插件的优点是不再需要或只需要偶尔清洗。通过这种方式，冷却过程中的成本会有效地降低。
按照本发明的一个实施例，用来使水和空气之间的热交换最优化的冷却插件主要由添加了添加剂的塑料组成。通过这种方式，避免或减少了冷却插件的流动孔被污染和/或堵塞。这样，由于插件的设计，例如薄膜部件式或滴流格子式的插件，可以使水的滴流速度缓慢并达到非常好的冷却效果，从而有效地减少插件被污染。
按照本发明的另一个实施例是冷却插件可以为板式换热器。通过阻止或减少在热交换元件表面形成的生物污物，从媒介到热交换器或从热交换器到媒介的热传递得到了有利的保证，在冷却塔内由于蒸发导致冷却水流失由新水补充。
非常有利的是，它能够避免或显著延迟在冷却塔潮/湿区域内的其他设备上形成生物污物，这些设备例如是用来分配待冷却水的管子和喷嘴或收集要进入工作工序的冷却水的收集器。同样的，有利的是冷却塔的侧壁可以由按照本发明的插件制成、或者按照本发明的这些插件排列而成。通过这种方式，在冷却塔的整个内部区域的生物污物大大地减少，从而提高了工作的效率和可靠性。
按照本发明的一个实施例，用来制造插件的塑料是热塑性的，例如聚氯乙烯(PVC)，其中添加了作为生物杀灭剂的添加剂。通过在加工成相应的插件之前将添加剂加入塑料材料里，使得添加剂在相应插件的整个区域内均匀分布，利用这种方式阻止插件的微生物的污染，即使是在由于插件在冷却塔内的位置导致的那些很难接触到或根本不可能接触到的位置和区域。有利的是，这些添加剂特别含有贵金属和/或贵金属复合物，例如氧化钛物和银的复合物。这些添加剂阻止霉类和藻类的生长，只要将其简单的加入制成插件的基材中就可以了，并且其只有非常微弱的毒性。
附图说明
本发明其他的优点和特点将在下面将结合附图介绍。所具体描述的实施例只是用来解释而不是限制性的。
图1示出了逆流冷却塔1。
附图标记说明
1逆流冷却塔
2分配管
3喷嘴
4空气入口
5鼓风机
6冷却插件
7冷却塔1底部区域
8回流管
9收集器
10去雾器
具体实施方式
图中示出了逆流冷却塔1。在冷却的过程中被加热到大约35℃-40℃的水通过管2进入冷却塔1中，并在冷却塔1中通过多个喷嘴3被均匀地分配。用来冷却水的空气通过空气入口4进入冷却塔1的内部空间，并通过鼓风机5的作用迫使其沿着滴流的反方向通过冷却塔1。
由于喷嘴3的作用使水像“雨”一样喷到冷却插件6上。冷却插件6包括由塑料制成的相互联结的滴流格子或滴流阻块。滴流格子或阻块形成狭小网孔的三维网状，目的是使滴流在冷却插件6的格式结构中尽可能慢的滴落。
冷却插件6被反向流过的空气掠过。附着在冷却插如件6的格式结构上并滴下成为水珠的水滴也被该空气掠过。这样，水通过对流和蒸发将热量传给了空气。滴流在冷却插件6中向下滴落越远，则其被冷却地越多。水滴流过冷却插件6后落到冷却塔底部区域7，流过回流管8进入收集器9并从那儿送到需要冷却的工序，由于在冷却塔中冷却水的蒸发导致的流失将通过新水的补充而补偿。为了将冷却水的蒸发损失减小到最小，在喷嘴3和管2上安装了去雾器10。这些去雾器10可以阻止空气流带走水滴。
冷却塔1的组件，例如管2、喷嘴3、冷却插件6、回流管8和收集器9最好基本上由塑料制成，而且塑料中含有生物杀灭剂作用的添加剂用来避免或大幅度地减少生物污物的生长。这种添加剂包括不可溶的氧化钛粒子并能够释放起到生物杀灭剂作用的银离子。通过这种方式，插件表面的藻类、霉类或真菌的形成和积累将被避免或大大地减少。根据本发明，冷却塔的侧壁被证明也可以使用相应的表面或在表面中添加了上述类型添加剂。
Claims (10)
1.冷却塔内潮/湿区域的插件，主要由塑料制成，其特征在于：该插件由添加了适量添加剂的塑料制成，该添加剂能够防止由微生物所造成的污物。
2.如权利要求1所述的插件，其特征在于：该插件通过水的分配和滴流使空气和水之间的热交换最优化。
3.如权利要求2所述的插件，其特征在于：插件是并排设置的塑料薄膜部件。
4.如权利要求2所述的插件，其特征在于：插件是滴流格子或阻块。
5.如权利要求1所述的插件，其特征在于：插件为板式换热器、通水管、水分配喷嘴、冷却塔侧壁里衬和/或收集器、和/或冷却塔侧壁。
6.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的插件，其特征在于：塑料的材料是热塑性的。
7.如权利要求6所述的插件，其特征在于：塑料的材料是聚氯乙烯。
8.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的插件，其特征在于：所添加的添加剂为生物杀灭剂。
9.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的插件，其特征在于：添加剂含有贵金属和/或贵金属复合物。
10.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的插件，其特征在于：添加剂在塑料加工前加入塑料中。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03004187A EP1452821A1 (de) | 2003-02-27 | 2003-02-27 | Einbauten in Kühltürmen |
| EP03004187.5 | 2003-02-27 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1540273A CN1540273A (zh) | 2004-10-27 |
| CN100535567C true CN100535567C (zh) | 2009-09-02 |
Family
ID=32748805
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100300958A Expired - Fee Related CN100535567C (zh) | 2003-02-27 | 2004-02-27 | 冷却塔内的内部插件 |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7261285B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1452821A1 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20040077507A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN100535567C (zh) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0400739A (zh) |
| HK (1) | HK1071191A1 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MXPA04001803A (zh) |
| PL (1) | PL211010B1 (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200401354B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7419607B2 (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2008-09-02 | Bradley Downs | Anti-biofilm forming structure and method of manufacturing the same |
| US20050001338A1 (en) * | 2003-07-01 | 2005-01-06 | Helgo Hagemann | Built-in element for a cooling tower |
| US20130272474A1 (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2013-10-17 | Westinghouse Electric Company Llc | Passive containment air cooling for nuclear power plants |
| CN111189332B (zh) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-04-27 | 浙江上风冷却塔有限公司 | 一种横流式冷却塔 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4935232A (en) * | 1983-08-16 | 1990-06-19 | Interface Research Corporation | Microbiocidal composition and method of preparation thereof |
| BE1003042A3 (fr) * | 1989-03-29 | 1991-11-05 | Hamon Sobelco Sa | Feuilles de ruissellement resistantes a l'encrassement biologique. |
| US6015816A (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 2000-01-18 | The Research Foundation Of State University Of New York | Antimicrobial compositions |
| US20020136885A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2002-09-26 | Yaeger Ronald J. | Contact media for evaporative cooler |
| US6710017B2 (en) * | 2000-02-07 | 2004-03-23 | Avecia, Inc. | Compositions and methods for controlling algae in recirculating water systems |
| EP1289367B1 (en) * | 2000-06-02 | 2006-03-22 | Arch Chemicals, Inc. | Treatment of circulating water systems |
| US6531206B2 (en) * | 2001-02-07 | 2003-03-11 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Microstructured surface film assembly for liquid acquisition and transport |
| US6575436B2 (en) * | 2001-04-06 | 2003-06-10 | Koolrayz Ind., Llc | Evaporative cooler |
| JP4031621B2 (ja) * | 2001-05-28 | 2008-01-09 | 三菱樹脂株式会社 | 再生プラスチックシート並びに冷却塔用充填材 |
| US6861002B2 (en) * | 2002-04-17 | 2005-03-01 | Watervisions International, Inc. | Reactive compositions for fluid treatment |
| US6706196B2 (en) * | 2003-02-23 | 2004-03-16 | Herbert W. Holland | Method and apparatus for preventing scale deposits and removing contaminants from fluid columns |
-
2003
- 2003-02-27 EP EP03004187A patent/EP1452821A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-02-19 ZA ZA2004/01354A patent/ZA200401354B/en unknown
- 2004-02-24 US US10/784,208 patent/US7261285B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-26 KR KR1020040013066A patent/KR20040077507A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-02-26 BR BR0400739-5A patent/BRPI0400739A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-02-26 MX MXPA04001803A patent/MXPA04001803A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2004-02-26 PL PL365621A patent/PL211010B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-02-27 CN CNB2004100300958A patent/CN100535567C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-04-22 HK HK05103461.9A patent/HK1071191A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL365621A1 (en) | 2004-09-06 |
| EP1452821A1 (de) | 2004-09-01 |
| MXPA04001803A (es) | 2005-06-06 |
| CN1540273A (zh) | 2004-10-27 |
| BRPI0400739A (pt) | 2005-01-11 |
| PL211010B1 (pl) | 2012-03-30 |
| US7261285B2 (en) | 2007-08-28 |
| US20040178521A1 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
| KR20040077507A (ko) | 2004-09-04 |
| ZA200401354B (en) | 2005-06-29 |
| HK1071191A1 (en) | 2005-07-08 |
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