CN100535154C - Method for smelting high-temperature alloy steel P91 - Google Patents
Method for smelting high-temperature alloy steel P91 Download PDFInfo
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- CN100535154C CN100535154C CNB2006101476580A CN200610147658A CN100535154C CN 100535154 C CN100535154 C CN 100535154C CN B2006101476580 A CNB2006101476580 A CN B2006101476580A CN 200610147658 A CN200610147658 A CN 200610147658A CN 100535154 C CN100535154 C CN 100535154C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for smelting high-temperature alloy (P91) steel, by using the combined devices of an electric arc furnace, a ladle furnace and a vacuum refining device, comprising the following steps of: 1) using the electric arc furnace to melt waste steel; 2) alloying during tapping; 3) ladle refining; 4) vacuum pumping; 5) alloying by nitrogen blowing; 6) casting. The invention adopts an eccentric bottom tapping EAF+LF+VD process route instead of the prior process route, solving the problem of difficult removing of harmful elements which are caused by overlarge amount of slag in the prior process and improving the quality of smelting, and adopts the alloying by nitrogen blowing instead of alloying using alloy for adding nitrogen before casting, solving the problem of contamination caused to the molten steel by adding alloy impurities in the end of the smelting. The method improves the quality of smelting as well as saves alloy, and overcomes the defects of bubbles and white flakes under the skin of the steel ingot in the prior smelting process and avoids the crackles on the surface and inner surface of a tube blank easily produced during the rolling and tube penetration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the steel alloy smelting technology of steel industry, refer in particular to the smelting process of high-temperature alloy steel P 91.
Background technology
High-duty boiler pipe P91 steel alloy is mainly used in large vol supercritical generating unit.Its outstanding advantage be high temperature resistant, high pressure resistant and creep rupture strength high, and high comprehensive performance.In order to satisfy the certain rigidity requirement, need the N content in the control steel billet, generally be controlled between 400～500ppm, and subsurface bubble and white-spot defects can not occur on the material.
At present, the high-duty boiler pipe generally adopts slot type electric arc furnace+LFV or slot type electric furnace+converter to smelt with the smelting process of P91 steel alloy, and carries out nitrogen pick-up by adding nitride alloy concise latter stage.Should have following point in the existing technology: 1) control of N adopts the preceding nitro-alloy that adds of cast to realize (as nitrided ferro-chromium or nitrogenize ferromanganese), the recovery rate of nitrogen is low during alloying, control is unstable, and the impurity element in nitrided ferro-chromium or the nitrogenize ferromanganese easily pollutes molten steel simultaneously; 2) adopt the slot type electric furnace steel tapping quantity of slag excessive, cause the increase (steel ingot exists subsurface bubble and white-spot defects) of the harmful residual element and the residual gas of molten steel.So produce subsurface bubble and white-spot defects easily in the process of cast 13.2t ingot shape, when producing the big pipe of ф 400～580 specifications, this defective is easy to generate surface crack and surface cracks in rolling and poling process, finally cause and scrap.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: the smelting process that a kind of high-temperature alloy steel P 91 is provided, can stablize nitrogen content in the control molten steel, improve the purity of molten steel, save alloy, eliminate the material subsurface bubble and the white-spot defects that exist in the existing smelting technology simultaneously, avoid the surface crack and the surface cracks phenomenon that in rolling and poling process, are easy to generate.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of smelting process of high-temperature alloy steel P 91 is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps: 1) by eccentric bottom tapping electric arc furnace melting waste steel; 2) go out the steel alloying operation: add an amount of SiAlFe and Al grain according to the oxygen depletion amount in the tapping process and make reductor, add MoFe and little Cr again, add the slag making material at last; 3) ladle refining: add lime in batches and adjust slag system, adopt SiFe powder and the deoxidation of the C top of the slag simultaneously, add all the other alloys after the intensification in batches, be adjusted to standard analysis, carry out bottom blowing nitrogen again and reach the bull ladle temperature, analyze the terminal point nitrogen content, be controlled at 400～500ppm until temperature; 4) vacuum suction; 5) switch oxygen behind the vacuum breaker and stir, thermometric/decide hydrogen/sampling analysis according to nitrogen content in the analytical results, is adjusted nitrogen flow and is carried out the nitrogen flushing alloying, and sampling analysis is according to the analytical results decision amount of being blown into; 6) cast.
Adopt eccentric bottom tapping EAF+LF+VD operational path to replace original operational path, solved the problem that the excessive harmful element that brings of the former technology quantity of slag removes difficulty, influences smelting quality.Adopt the nitrogen flushing alloying, replace adding alloy nitrogen pick-up alloying before the cast, eliminated to smelt and added the pollution of alloy impurity latter stage, saved alloy simultaneously molten steel.Novel process exists process to add the too much difficult point of alloy, adds system by the alloy of optimizing, and is overcome.
Detailed step of the present invention is as follows:
The first step adopts certain voltage and current melting waste steel by eccentric bottom tapping electric arc furnace (pitch furnace lining).After the second basket material energising fusing, the second basket material is molten fluxes greater than 80% back oxygen blast clearly, and described oxygen amount is 8～10m
3/ t.
Second walks out of the steel alloying operation: tapping temperature is controlled at 1680～1700 ℃ (the too high life-span that can influence electric furnace of temperature crosses to hang down and can cause the part solidification of molten steel in ladle), Composition Control C≤0.05% during tapping, P≤0.008%.And tapping process adopts the EBT tapping, can prevent that oxidation sludge from entering ladle, pollutes molten steel.Add tap 5%～6% little Cr alloy in advance and toast simultaneously with ladle in ladle, add too much, can not melt fully, very fewly cause the later stage to add increase, tap to tap time is long.Tap reaches at 30% o'clock, begin to add the SiAlFe of 150～200kg and the Al grain of 70～80kg is made reductor, SiAlFe molten steel weight percent is 0.25%～0.33%, Al grain molten steel weight percent is 0.11%～0.13%, tap reaches at 50% o'clock, the MoFe (Mo content 55%) and tap 2%～3% little Cr that add tap 0.5～0.6%, add the slag making material at last: the slag making material be molten steel weight percent 0.67%～0.83% lime and 0.08%～0.1% drop down brick, lime 400～500kg and drop down brick 50～60kg and (contain SiO
2Be 32%, Al
2O
3Be 48%).Routine operation all is to add a small amount of alloy with steel stream, and over-burden to cause LF to add alloy, and tap to tap time is long.
The 3rd step ladle refining: behind the ladle LF in place, add lime 100～150kg at first in batches and adjust slag system, lime adopts SiFe powder and the deoxidation of the C top of the slag simultaneously for the molten steel weight percent is 0.17%～0.25%, make white slag, guarantee that slag has certain foaming effect and flowability.After being warmed up to 1580 ℃～1600 ℃, divide 2～3 batches to add all the other alloys, adjust composition and advance internal control.After alloy is adjusted fully, begin to carry out bottom blowing nitrogen and replace BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING to stir, reach 1670～1690 ℃ of bull ladle temperature up to temperature.Analyze between terminal point nitrogen content basic controlling 400～500ppm.Add molten steel 0.1%～0.15%NbFe before the bull ladle.
The 4th step vacuum suction: guarantee≤below the 66.7Pa vacuum tightness, the pumpdown time 〉=during the 15min vacuum, the steel ladle bottom argon blowing flow is looked stirring state and is controlled at 100～400Nm
3/ min.This flow is determined according to the rhythm of production situation.
The 5th step nitrogen flushing alloying operation: switch nitrogen behind the vacuum breaker and stir, thermometric/decide hydrogen/sampling analysis according to nitrogen content in the analytical results, is adjusted nitrogen flow (400～500Nm
3/ min), carry out the nitrogen flushing alloying.According to the difference of initial N content, when the nitrogen consumption reaches 10～12Nm
3The time, sampling analysis is according to the analytical results decision amount of being blown into, to guarantee finished product N.Guarantee to open simultaneously to water 1565～1575 ℃ of temperature.
The cast of the 6th step: ingot mold, flat board should toast, and keep clean.The anti-material of feed trumpet uses ZrO coating.Covering slag uses " 7030 change " covering slag, waters and finishes lifting in back 8 hours, red sending.
Because the present invention has adopted above technical scheme, makes it compared with prior art, has following advantage and positively effect:
Utilize patent of the present invention to produce the big pipe P91 of high-duty boiler steel alloy, easy and simple to handle, satisfy big production requirement, do not need great deal of investment, use original bottom agitation system to carry out the nitrogen flushing alloying, reduced production cost.This smelting technology can be used for the production of other nitrogen-contained stainless steel.Adopt this technology to produce, final product quality meets the demands and stable performance.
1. nitrogen content control stabilization in the molten steel;
2. solved and had steel ingot subsurface bubble and white-spot defects in original smelting technology;
3. the high purity of molten steel, the quality stability height;
4. avoided the pipe surface crack and the surface cracks phenomenon that in rolling and poling process, are easy to generate.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
Certain Iron And Steel Company uses the present invention successfully to smelt high pressure boiler tube P91 on the 60t production line, and complete technical scheme is as follows:
At first adopt the operational path of 60t eccentric bottom tapping EAF+LF+VD, by eccentric bottom tapping electric arc furnace (pitch furnace lining), adopt certain voltage and current melting waste steel, total Intake Quantity is 64.02t.The electric furnace voltage control is at 18 grades, and current control is at 6 grades, and it is 30Nm that bottom nitrogen stirs flow
3/ min, pressure 1.6Mpa.After the second basket material energising fusing, the second basket material is molten fluxes greater than 80% back oxygen blast clearly, and oxygen flow is 2000Nm
3/ h tapping temperature is 1680 ℃, and Composition Control C is 0.04% during tapping, and P is 0.005%.
Second step went out the steel alloying operation after reaching the tapping condition, adds the little Cr alloy of 3t in advance and toast simultaneously with ladle in ladle.Begin to add the SiAlFe of 200kg when tapping 20t, when tapping 30t, add 500kg MoFe and the little Cr of 3.2t, add the slag making material at last: lime 400kg and drop down brick 50kg and (contain SiO
2Be 32%, Al
2O
3Be 48%).
Behind the 3rd step ladle LF in place, 1562 ℃ of thermometrics at first add lime 150kg and adjust slag system, add 100kg lime thereafter again, adopt 30kg SiFe granulated slag emaciated face oxygen simultaneously, make white slag, guarantee that slag has certain foaming effect and flowability.After being warmed up to 1592 ℃, beginning adds all the other alloys, first 28kg SiFe, 342kg MoFe, 32kg metal Ni, 138kg VFe in three batches; The little C Cr of CMn, 1000kg among second crowd of 271kg; The 3rd batch adds the little C Cr of 1228kg, adjusts composition and advances internal control.Begin to carry out bottom blowing nitrogen and replace BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING to stir after alloy is adjusted fully, reach 1689 ℃ of bull ladle temperature up to temperature, analyzing the terminal point nitrogen content is 396ppm, adds 60kg NbFe before the bull ladle.
The 4th go on foot VD after, thermometric sampling, temperature is 1674 ℃, vacuum suction is to 66.7Pa vacuum tightness, maintenance pumpdown time 15min, the steel ladle bottom argon blowing flow is looked stirring state and is controlled at 300Nm
3/ min.
Carry out the operation of nitrogen flushing alloying behind the 5th step vacuum breaker, switch nitrogen and stir, 1600 ℃ of thermometrics are decided hydrogen 1.0ppm, and sampling analysis according to nitrogen content 210ppm in the analytical results, is adjusted nitrogen flow 400Nm
3/ min carries out the nitrogen flushing alloying.When the nitrogen consumption reaches 12Nm
3The time, sampling analysis N content 500ppm stops nitrogen blowing.1575 ℃ of thermometric temperature.
Last bull ladle cast, ingot mold, flat board should toast in place.The anti-material of feed trumpet uses ZrO coating.Covering slag uses " 7030 change " covering slag.Water and finish lifting in back 8 hours, the red Steel Mill that send.
Embodiment two:
Certain Iron And Steel Company uses the present invention successfully to smelt high pressure boiler tube P91 on the 60t production line, and complete technical scheme is as follows:
At first adopt the operational path of 60t eccentric bottom tapping EAF+LF+VD, by eccentric bottom tapping electric arc furnace (pitch furnace lining), adopt certain voltage and current melting waste steel, total Intake Quantity is 64.22t.The electric furnace voltage control is at 18 grades, and current control is at 6 grades, and it is 30Nm that bottom nitrogen stirs flow
3/ min, pressure 1.6Mpa.After the second basket material energising fusing, the second basket material is molten fluxes greater than 80% back oxygen blast clearly, and oxygen flow is 2000Nm
3/ h tapping temperature is 1700 ℃, and Composition Control C is 0.04% during tapping, and P is 0.005%.
Second step went out the steel alloying operation after reaching the tapping condition, adds the little Cr alloy of 3.6t in advance and toast simultaneously with ladle in ladle.Begin to add the SiAlFe of 150kg when tapping 20t, when tapping 30t, add 500kg MoFe and the little Cr of 3.0t, add the slag making material at last: lime 400kg and drop down brick 50kg and (contain SiO
2Be 32%, Al
2O
3Be 48%), the slag making material be molten steel weight percent 0.67%～0.83% lime and 0.08%～0.1% drop down brick.
Behind the 3rd step ladle LF in place, 1552 ℃ of thermometrics at first add lime 150kg and adjust slag system, add 100kg lime thereafter again, adopt 30kg SiFe granulated slag emaciated face oxygen simultaneously, make white slag, guarantee that slag has certain foaming effect and flowability.After being warmed up to 1592 ℃, beginning adds all the other alloys, first 30kg SiFe, 340kg MoFe, 30kg metal Ni, 130kg VFe in three batches; The little C Cr of CMn, 1000kg among second crowd of 271kg; The 3rd batch adds the little C Cr of 1230kg, adjusts composition and advances internal control.Begin to carry out bottom blowing nitrogen and replace BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING to stir after alloy is adjusted fully, reach 1675 ℃ of bull ladle temperature up to temperature, analyzing the terminal point nitrogen content is 380ppm, adds 60kg NbFe before the bull ladle.
The 4th go on foot VD after, thermometric sampling, temperature is 1670 ℃, vacuum suction is to 66.7Pa vacuum tightness, maintenance pumpdown time 15min, the steel ladle bottom argon blowing flow is looked stirring state and is controlled at 300Nm
3/ min.
Carry out the operation of nitrogen flushing alloying behind the 5th step vacuum breaker, switch nitrogen and stir, 1600 ℃ of thermometrics are decided hydrogen 1.0ppm, and sampling analysis according to nitrogen content 250ppm in the analytical results, is adjusted nitrogen flow 200Nm
3/ min carries out the nitrogen flushing alloying.When the nitrogen consumption reaches 10Nm
3The time, sampling analysis N content 450ppm stops nitrogen blowing.1570 ℃ of thermometric temperature.
Last bull ladle cast, ingot mold, flat board should toast in place.The anti-material of feed trumpet uses ZrO coating.Covering slag uses " 7030 change " covering slag.Water and finish lifting in back 8 hours, the red Steel Mill that send.
Embodiment three:
Certain Iron And Steel Company uses the present invention successfully to smelt high pressure boiler tube P91 on the 60t production line, and complete technical scheme is as follows:
At first adopt the operational path of 60t eccentric bottom tapping EAF+LF+VD, by eccentric bottom tapping electric arc furnace (pitch furnace lining), adopt certain voltage and current melting waste steel, total Intake Quantity is 64.22t.The electric furnace voltage control is at 18 grades, and current control is at 6 grades, and it is 30Nm that bottom nitrogen stirs flow
3/ min, pressure 1.6Mpa.After the second basket material energising fusing, the second basket material is molten fluxes greater than 80% back oxygen blast clearly, and oxygen flow is 2000Nm
3/ h tapping temperature is 1690 ℃, and Composition Control C is 0.04% during tapping, and P is 0.005%.
Second step went out the steel alloying operation after reaching the tapping condition, adds the little Cr alloy of 3.3t in advance and toast simultaneously with ladle in ladle.Begin to add the SiAlFe of 175kg when tapping 20t, when tapping 30t, add 500kg MoFe and the little Cr of 3.5t, add the slag making material at last: lime 400kg and drop down brick 50kg and (contain SiO
2Be 32%, Al
2O
3Be 48%).
Behind the 3rd step ladle LF in place, 1562 ℃ of thermometrics at first add lime 150kg and adjust slag system, add 100kg lime thereafter again, adopt 30kg SiFe granulated slag emaciated face oxygen simultaneously, make white slag, guarantee that slag has certain foaming effect and flowability.After being warmed up to 1598 ℃, beginning adds all the other alloys, first 30kg SiFe, 340kg MoFe, 30kg metal Ni, 130kg VFe in three batches; The little C Cr of CMn, 1000kg among second crowd of 271kg; The 3rd batch adds the little C Cr of 1200kg, adjusts composition and advances internal control.Begin to carry out bottom blowing nitrogen and replace BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING to stir after alloy is adjusted fully, reach 1660 ℃ of bull ladle temperature up to temperature, analyzing the terminal point nitrogen content is 370ppm, adds 60kg NbFe before the bull ladle.
The 4th go on foot VD after, thermometric sampling, temperature is 1655 ℃, vacuum suction is to 66.7Pa vacuum tightness, maintenance pumpdown time 15min, the steel ladle bottom argon blowing flow is looked stirring state and is controlled at 300Nm
3/ min.
Carry out the operation of nitrogen flushing alloying behind the 5th step vacuum breaker, switch nitrogen and stir, 1590 ℃ of thermometrics are decided hydrogen 1.0ppm, and sampling analysis according to nitrogen content 230ppm in the analytical results, is adjusted nitrogen flow 300Nm
3/ min carries out the nitrogen flushing alloying.When the nitrogen consumption reaches 11Nm
3The time, sampling analysis N content 400ppm stops nitrogen blowing.1565 ℃ of thermometric temperature.
Last bull ladle cast, ingot mold, flat board should toast in place.The anti-material of feed trumpet uses ZrO coating.Covering slag uses " 7030 change " covering slag.Water and finish lifting in back 8 hours, the red Steel Mill that send.
Use the invention solves the quality problems that are easy to generate steel subsurface bubble and white-spot defects that other smelting technology causes, and is rolling later on up-to-standard, can satisfy the steel grade performance requriements fully, and performance meets user's needs.And use this Technology at 60t and the concise P91 that all successfully smelted of 100t electric furnace+ladle furnace+vacuum.Smelt the P91 steel alloy by the present invention and improved steel product quality, reduced production cost.
Claims (14)
1. the smelting process of a high-temperature alloy steel P 91 is characterized in that:
1) by eccentric bottom tapping electric arc furnace melting waste steel;
2) go out the steel alloying operation: add an amount of SiAlFe and Al grain according to the oxygen depletion amount in the tapping process and make reductor, add MoFe and little Cr again, add the slag making material at last;
3) ladle refining: add lime in batches and adjust slag system, adopt SiFe powder and the deoxidation of the C top of the slag simultaneously, add all the other alloys after the intensification in batches, be adjusted to standard analysis, carry out bottom blowing nitrogen again and reach the bull ladle temperature, analyze the terminal point nitrogen content, be controlled at 400～500ppm until temperature;
4) vacuum suction;
5) switch oxygen behind the vacuum breaker and stir, thermometric/decide hydrogen/sampling analysis according to nitrogen content in the analytical results, is adjusted nitrogen flow and is carried out the nitrogen flushing alloying, guarantees to open simultaneously to water temperature;
6) cast.
2. the smelting process of high-temperature alloy steel P 91 as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: after the second basket material energising fusing, the second basket material is molten fluxes greater than 80% back oxygen blast clearly in the step 1), and described oxygen amount is 8～10m
3/ t.
3. the smelting process of high-temperature alloy steel P 91 as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: step 2) in tapping temperature be controlled at 1680～1700 ℃.
4. the smelting process of high-temperature alloy steel P 91 as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 2) in ladle, add molten steel weight percent 5%～6% little Cr alloy in advance and toast simultaneously with ladle.
5. as the smelting process of claim 1 or 4 described high-temperature alloy steel P 91s, it is characterized in that: in step 2) in tap reach at 30% o'clock and begin to add SiAlFe and Al grain, SiAlFe molten steel weight percent is 0.25%～0.33%, and Al grain molten steel weight percent is 0.11%～0.13%.
6. the smelting process of high-temperature alloy steel P 91 as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: in step 2) in tap reach at 50% o'clock and add MoFe and little Cr, MoFe molten steel weight percent is 0.5～0.6%, little Cr molten steel weight percent is 2%～3%, and wherein the Mo weight percent content is 55% among the MoFe.
7. the smelting process of high-temperature alloy steel P 91 as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: in step 2) described in the slag making material be molten steel weight percent 0.67%～0.83% lime and 0.08%～0.1% drop down brick, drop down brick and contain SiO
2Weight percent is 32%, Al
2O
3Weight percent is 48%.
8. the smelting process of high-temperature alloy steel P 91 as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: is 0.17%～0.25% at lime described in the step 3) for the molten steel weight percent.
9. as the smelting process of claim 1 or 8 described high-temperature alloy steel P 91s, it is characterized in that: all the other alloys are to divide 2～3 batches of addings after being warming up to 1580 ℃～1600 ℃ in step 3).
10. the smelting process of high-temperature alloy steel P 91 as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: the temperature of bull ladle described in the step 3) is 1670～1690 ℃.
11. the smelting process of high-temperature alloy steel P 91 as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that: also comprise in the step 3): adding the molten steel weight percent before the bull ladle is 0.1%～0.15%NbFe.
12. the smelting process of high-temperature alloy steel P 91 as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 4), guarantee≤below the 66.7Pa vacuum tightness, the pumpdown time 〉=during 15min, carry out steel ladle bottom argon blowing, flow is controlled at 200～400Nm according to stirring state
3/ min.
13. the smelting process of high-temperature alloy steel P 91 as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 5), described nitrogen flow is 400～500Nm
3/ min.
14. the smelting process as high-temperature alloy steel P 91 as described in claim 1 or 13 is characterized in that: in step 5), reach 10～12Nm when the nitrogen consumption
3The time sampling analysis, opening and watering temperature is 1565～1575 ℃.
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| CNB2006101476580A CN100535154C (en) | 2006-12-21 | 2006-12-21 | Method for smelting high-temperature alloy steel P91 |
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| CN100535154C true CN100535154C (en) | 2009-09-02 |
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| CN101613783B (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-03-16 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for increasing nitrogen in refining furnace |
| CN102071287B (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2013-11-06 | 攀钢集团钢铁钒钛股份有限公司 | Method for melting high-temperature-resistance and high-pressure-resistance alloy steel |
| CN103882181B (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-10-07 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of technique containing manganese alloy |
| CN104372133A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2015-02-25 | 上海重型机器厂有限公司 | Nitrogen-purging alloying method for SA-508-3 steel used for nuclear power |
| CN104726646B (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2017-06-20 | 攀钢集团成都钢钒有限公司 | A kind of method of nitrogen content in control high-temperature alloy steel P 91 |
| CN105063278A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-11-18 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | Smelting method of SAE8620-series nitrogen-containing steel |
| CN106048139B (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2019-10-22 | 宝钢特钢有限公司 | The nitrogen flushing alloyage process of 18CrNiMo7-6 steel |
| CN108998632A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-12-14 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | A kind of increasing method for nitrogen of pinion steel 18CrMnBH |
| CN111411288B (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2021-08-20 | 靖江新舟合金材料有限公司 | High-temperature alloy smelting method |
| CN113278834B (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2022-03-08 | 大冶特殊钢有限公司 | VIM furnace smelting method of ultrahigh N content high-temperature alloy |
| CN114606428A (en) * | 2022-02-20 | 2022-06-10 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for refining, reducing and smelting low-silicon low-aluminum high-pressure boiler tube blank P91 |
| CN115652023A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2023-01-31 | 上海加宁新材料科技有限公司 | Method for producing and processing high-temperature alloy by adopting novel triple-linkage method EBT + VIM + VAR |
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