CN100533134C - Method and apparatus for testing water ratio of corn - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for testing water ratio of corn Download PDF

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CN100533134C
CN100533134C CNB2006101234613A CN200610123461A CN100533134C CN 100533134 C CN100533134 C CN 100533134C CN B2006101234613 A CNB2006101234613 A CN B2006101234613A CN 200610123461 A CN200610123461 A CN 200610123461A CN 100533134 C CN100533134 C CN 100533134C
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moisture percentage
cereal
cereal moisture
circuit
signal
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CN1963478A (en
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李长友
班华
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South China Agricultural University
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South China Agricultural University
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Abstract

This invention discloses one corn water content test method and device, which comprises the following steps: sending one pair of corn for relative rotation with electrical position roller sensor; through conversion to get corn real time resistance time sequence change curve; through analysis to describe curve characteristics peak or peak area to compute corn water rate; processing temperature compensation to get compensated corn water rate; its test device mainly comprises roller sensor, temperature meter, measurement circuit and output display.

Description

A kind of method and device thereof that detects cereal moisture percentage
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cereal detection range, particularly a kind of method and device thereof that detects cereal moisture percentage.
Background technology
The accurate detection technique of cereal moisture percentage is a technical barrier of grain drying, processing, the field of circulation always, and how reliably, accurately the water percentage that detects cereal is one of key factor that influences the grain processing industry development.At present, the detection method of cereal moisture percentage has microwave method, infrared method, capacitance method, NEUTRON METHOD and electric-resistivity method etc.The common drawback of microwave method, infrared method and capacitance method is that the influence that distributes of the shape that is subjected to cereal, thickness, density and cereal internal moisture is bigger, and big and cereal internal moisture distribution fluctuates is greatly the time in temperature variation, and the accuracy of detection of this several method is lower.The greatest problem of NEUTRON METHOD is because the scattering properties instability of hydrogen, neutron counting than with the relationship change rule of grain measure water percentage can be along with grain variety different and different; And, must do corresponding pre-service work to each batch materials when adopting NEUTRON METHOD to detect cereal moisture percentage, so also do not have a kind of good reliability, NEUTRON METHOD grain moisture detector that smart rate is high at present.Now relatively more commonly used is that electric-resistivity method detects cereal moisture percentage, and it is to detect according to the principle that the moisture in the cereal can influence the solid matter electric conductivity.But, the method of existing detection cereal moisture percentage can only could satisfy the requirement of precision at cereal moisture percentage under 13%～24% condition, and is lower than 13% or when being higher than 24% when cereal moisture percentage, the detection error of existing method is bigger, can not accurately measure cereal moisture percentage.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming that exists in the prior art, the method for a kind of measuring accuracy height, good reliability, easy to operate detection cereal moisture percentage is provided.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device that is used for the detection cereal moisture percentage of said method.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method that detects cereal moisture percentage comprises the steps: at first cereal to be sent in a pair of pressure roller sensor that rotates and be applied with electric potential difference in opposite directions; Then in the extruded process of cereal, by described pressure roller sensor acquisition to sampled signal and output to impedance inverter circuit, through the conversion of impedance inverter circuit, signal is sent into the A/D change-over circuit, obtain the timing variations curve of the real-time equivalent resistance voltage of described cereal; By resolving the feature peak height or the peak area of described timing variations curve, calculate cereal moisture percentage; Also measure the temperature variation in the testing process simultaneously in real time, the described cereal moisture percentage that calculates is compensated the cereal moisture percentage after being compensated at last according to temperature variations.
When cereal moisture percentage is less than or equal to 23.5%, calculate cereal moisture percentage by the feature peak height of resolving described timing variations curve, computing formula is: W s % = K 1 R X min R i + R X min E + b 1 , Wherein: W s% is cereal moisture percentage, K 1Be slope, R XMinPeak height eigenwert, R for curve 1For proportion resistor, E are reference power supply, b 1Be intercept.
When cereal moisture percentage greater than 23.5% the time, obtain cereal moisture percentage by the calculated by peak area of resolving described timing variations curve, computing formula is: w S % = K × [ Σ i = 1 N ( A i × T ) / N ] + b , Wherein: W s% is that cereal moisture percentage, K are conversion slope coefficient, A iFor the waveform character point,
Figure C200610123461D0005141748QIETU
For adopt dot cycle, b is intercept, i ∈ (0,200).In the formula, (A i* T) represent the peak area of curve.
In testing process, also in real time measure the temperature variation in the testing process, according to the intensity and the direction of temperature variation the described cereal moisture percentage that calculates is compensated, compensation formula is w b%=-0.0031t 2+ 0.1613t+20.704, W b% is that grain temperature changes the compensation that measurement is impacted, and is the correction to cereal moisture percentage, and t is a grain temperature.
It is according to the cereal moisture percentage of timing variations curvilinear characteristic peak height or calculated by peak area and the cereal moisture percentage sum of temperature compensation that cereal moisture percentage after being compensated is at last promptly surveyed water percentage, and concrete computing formula is: w%=w s%+w b%, w% is the actual measurement cereal moisture percentage in the formula.
The electric potential difference that applies on the described pressure roller sensor is V = R X Ri + R X E ( V ) , Wherein Ri is i road proportion resistor, R XFor resistance, the E of tested cereal is reference power supply.
The present invention adopts and detects the cereal resistance characteristic value that sign is come out in the crushing process between fixed gap, obtains the timing variations curve of changing voltage by impedance inverter circuit.Because cereal is in crushed process, the Changing Pattern of the contact area of cereal and pressure roller sensor is to change to maximum and then change to minimum by zero, this is a curve that raises up, and Dui Ying sample circuit resistance variations curve then experiences by open circuit (resistance maximum) → resistance minimum (moisture maximum) → such process of open circuit (resistance maximum) with it; Resulting curve be one to recessed curve (wherein the ordinate of curve is a changing voltage, and horizontal ordinate is the time).
A kind of device that is used for the detection cereal moisture percentage of said method comprises pressure roller sensor 1, temperature sensor, metering circuit, A/D AD conversion unit, Operations Analysis and Output Display Unit 6; Described metering circuit comprises sample circuit, multi-channel conversion circuit, impedance inverter circuit and tunable power supply; Pressure roller sensor 1 detects sampled signal and is input to sample circuit in the metering circuit, sample circuit is made up of proportion resistor converter and signal electrode, the proportion resistor converter be input as pressure roller sensor 1 detected sampled signal, select specific resistance signal and output to signal electrode through proportion resistor, signal electrode outputs to impedance inverter circuit with the resistance signal that extracts, impedance inverter circuit carries out the resistance signal of input to form voltage signal and output to the A/D AD conversion unit after the impedance transformation, signal by Operations Analysis, is transported to Output Display Unit 6 with the numerical value that obtains at last through A/D conversion back; Tunable power supply is connected with multi-channel conversion circuit with impedance inverter circuit simultaneously, and multi-channel conversion circuit is output as sample circuit.
Design has reticulate pattern on the surface of described pressure roller sensor 1.Pressure roller sensor 1 is the cylindrical roller that the rustless conductive material of a pair of usefulness (as stainless steel) is processed into.Measuring as during the band shell cereal of paddy, barley and so on, for having avoided the shelling phenomenon, the pressure roller sensor preferably adopts the constant speed rotation.At the cereal of measuring as wheat, soybean and so on, the pressure roller sensor preferably adopts differential to rotate, and is beneficial to improve the test effect.
Described proving installation comprises also on the end face that design has the feeding disk 3 of seed bearing groove, feeding disk 3 and synchronizer 4 are installed in on the root axle, gear also is installed on the axle, rotates together by gear driven feeding disk 3, sample-synchronous device 4 and pressure roller sensor 1.When pressure roller sensor 1 fed intake, sample-synchronous device 4 just sent a synchronizing signal at feeding disk 3.What sample-synchronous device 4 sent is a switching value signal, can select Hall element, photoelectric sensor or contact switch etc. for use; Its effect is to send the instruction that begins to detect to pick-up unit 5 in real time, guarantees that pick-up unit 5 detected cereal information are accurate.
The Frequency Adjustable power supply of described testing circuit can be adjusted integrated regulated power supply LM317, capacitor C 1, C2, C3, be decided resistance R 1 and variohm R2 constitutes by three ends.The effect that three ends can be adjusted integrated regulated power supply LM317 is the supply voltage of the voltage-regulation of+12～25V for+10V; The effect of C1, two electric capacity of C3 is to carry out filtering, improves power quality; Capacitor C 2, the effect of deciding resistance R 1 and adjustable potentiometer R2 are the output amplitude values of regulating power supply.
Described proportion resistor converter is made up of 3 road high-velocity electrons switch K1, K2, K3 and proportion resistor R3, R4, R5, and its effect is to select specific proportion resistor according to the feature of the sampled signal of input, uses the automatic measurement conversion with the different in moisture zone.The effect of described signal electrode F is the resistance signal that is used for extracting cereal.
Described impedance inverter circuit is made up of with operational amplifier INA102, capacitor C 6, C7, adjustable potentiometer R6, R9, resistance R 8, R10, R11 and integrated operational amplifier OP27 instrument.Its China National Instruments Import ﹠ Export Corporation is the input impedance that is used for improving signal gathering unit with operational amplifier INA102, adjustable potentiometer R6 is the polarity that is used for regulating output voltage, capacitor C 6, C7 are decoupling capacitances, and the mass action of integrated operational amplifier OP27, R8, R9, R10, R11 is to be used for the zero-bit of adjustment impedance inverter circuit.
Described A/D AD conversion unit is made of arithmetic and control unit AD8x.
Described Output Display Unit 6 is windows of personal-machine dialogue, can select touch-screen or LCD display for use.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and effect:
(1) test specification of the present invention is big, not only can measure water percentage at the cereal below 23.5%, can also measure water percentage greater than 23.5% cereal.
(2) accuracy of detection height of the present invention, good reliability, easy to operate.
(3) the present invention can accurately measure the water percentage of cereal under temperature dynamic variation and grain moisture distribution mobility scale situation greatly.
(4) device of the present invention is simple, easy to detect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is pressure roller sensor construction figure.
Fig. 2 is a function of testing circuit block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the voltage sequential chart under the different in moisture of measuring.
Fig. 5 is the time plot of the changing voltage measured of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the compensated curve of paddy water percentage and temperature variation.
Fig. 7 is the pick-up unit functional schematic.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done further detailed description, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Have seed bearing groove on the end face of feeding disk 3, the feeding disk rotates in the longitudinal section during detection, one by one cereal is delivered between two pressure roller sensors 1 by the seed bearing groove that is distributed on the feeding disk outer face.
As shown in Figure 1, pressure roller sensor 1 is a pair of cylindrical roller that is processed into stainless steel.Two pressure roller sensors 1 are done inside rotation in opposite directions during measurement, and these two pressure roller sensors are exactly two electrodes, and the electric potential difference that applies on it is V = R X R i + R X E ( V ) , R wherein iBe i road proportion resistor, R XBe the resistance of tested paddy, E is a reference power supply.
When paddy falls between two pressure roller sensors from the feeding disk after, because the existence of paddy, just two electrodes have been connected, make two electrodes form closed loop (referring to Fig. 3), in the crushed gradually process of paddy, the end by the pressure roller sensor spreads out of resistance signal, and through the conversion of impedance inverter circuit as shown in Figure 3, send into the A/D change-over circuit, obtain the timing variations curve (as Fig. 5) of the real-time equivalent resistance voltage of paddy sampling process to be measured.The present invention adopts and detects the paddy resistance characteristic value that sign is come out in the crushing process between fixed gap, obtains the time curve of changing voltage by impedance inverter circuit.Because paddy is in crushed process, the Changing Pattern of the contact area of paddy and pressure roller sensor is to change to maximum and then change to minimum by zero, this is a curve that raises up, and Dui Ying sample circuit resistance variations curve then experiences by open circuit (resistance maximum) → resistance minimum (moisture maximum) → such process of open circuit (resistance maximum) with it; Resulting curve be one to recessed curve (wherein the ordinate of curve is a changing voltage, and horizontal ordinate is the time) as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.Fig. 4 is that one group of typical curve family is represented the various curves of grain moisture from 13.7%～31.7%.Fig. 5 is a grain moisture at 21% o'clock typical curve.
When the paddy water percentage was less than or equal to 23.5%, by the feature peak height of the timing variations curve map (Fig. 4) measured, promptly the ordinate value of the minimum point of curve calculated the water percentage of cereal, and computing formula is: w s % = K 1 R X min R i + R X min E + b 1 ; Wherein: K 1-slope, R i-proportion resistor, R X min-peak height eigenwert, b 1-intercept, E-reference power supply.
When cereal moisture percentage greater than 23.5% the time, by the peak area of the timing variations curve map (Fig. 4) measured, i.e. the area that surrounds of a certain curve among Fig. 5 or Fig. 4 and horizontal ordinate (time coordinate) calculates the water percentage of cereal, computing formula is: w s % = K × [ Σ i = 1 N ( A i × T ) / N ] + b ; Wherein: w s%-tested paddy moisture, T-adopt dot cycle, K-conversion slope coefficient, b-intercept, A i-waveform character point.i∈(0，200)。
According to the intensity of measuring temperature in the testing process and paddy temperature variation and direction as shown in Figure 6, to the cereal moisture percentage that calculated according to w b%=-0.0031t 2T in the+0.1613t+20.704[notes formula be paddy temperature (℃)] calculating formula compensate after, can obtain the true water cut value of paddy, i.e. w%=w s%+w b%, wherein: the true water cut value of w% paddy.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of method that detects cereal moisture percentage is characterized in that comprising the steps: at first cereal being sent in a pair of pressure roller sensor that rotates and be applied with electric potential difference in opposite directions; Then in the extruded process of cereal, by described pressure roller sensor acquisition to sampled signal and output to impedance inverter circuit, through the conversion of impedance inverter circuit, signal is sent into the A/D change-over circuit, obtain the timing variations curve of the real-time equivalent resistance voltage of described cereal; When cereal moisture percentage is less than or equal to 23.5%, calculate cereal moisture percentage by the feature peak height of resolving described timing variations curve, computing formula is: w s % = K i R X min R i + R X min E + b i , Wherein: w s% is cereal moisture percentage, K iBe slope, R X minPeak height eigenwert, R for curve iFor proportion resistor, E are reference power supply, b iBe intercept; When cereal moisture percentage greater than 23.5% the time, obtain cereal moisture percentage by the calculated by peak area of resolving described timing variations curve, computing formula is: w s % = K × [ Σ i = 1 N ( A i × T ) / N ] + b , Wherein: w s% is that cereal moisture percentage, K are conversion slope coefficient, A iFor waveform character point, T for adopt dot cycle, b is intercept, i ∈ (0,200), in the formula, (A i* T) represent the peak area of curve; Also measure the temperature variation in the testing process simultaneously in real time, the described cereal moisture percentage that calculates is compensated the cereal moisture percentage after being compensated at last according to temperature variations.
2, the method for detection cereal moisture percentage according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in testing process, also measure the temperature variation in the testing process in real time, according to the intensity and the direction of temperature variation the described cereal moisture percentage that calculates is compensated, compensation formula is w b%=-0.0031t 2+ 0.1613t+20.704, w b% is that grain temperature changes the compensation that measurement is impacted, and is the correction to cereal moisture percentage, and t is a grain temperature; The actual measurement cereal moisture percentage that obtains at last is cereal moisture percentage that obtains according to parsing timing variations curve and the cereal moisture percentage sum that compensates according to temperature, and concrete computing formula is: w%=w s%+w b%, w% is the actual measurement cereal moisture percentage in the formula.
3, the method for detection cereal moisture percentage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the electric potential difference that applies on the described pressure roller sensor is v = R X R i + R X E (V), R wherein iBe i road proportion resistor, R XFor resistance, the E of tested cereal is reference power supply.
4, a kind of device that is used for the detection cereal moisture percentage of aforesaid right requirement 1～3 each described method is characterized in that comprising feeding disk, pressure roller sensor, temperature sensor, metering circuit, A/D AD conversion unit, Operations Analysis and Output Display Unit; Described metering circuit comprises sample circuit, multi-channel conversion circuit, impedance inverter circuit and tunable power supply; The pressure roller sensor is to sampled signal and be input to sample circuit in the metering circuit, sample circuit is made up of proportion resistor converter and signal electrode, the proportion resistor converter be input as the sampled signal that the pressure roller sensor arrives, select specific resistance signal and output to signal electrode through proportion resistor, signal electrode outputs to impedance inverter circuit with the resistance signal that extracts, impedance inverter circuit carries out the resistance signal of input to form voltage signal and output to the A/D AD conversion unit after the impedance transformation, signal by Operations Analysis, is transported to Output Display Unit with the numerical value that obtains at last through A/D conversion back; Tunable power supply is connected with multi-channel conversion circuit with impedance inverter circuit simultaneously, and multi-channel conversion circuit is output as sample circuit; An end face of described feeding disk is provided with seed bearing groove, and feeding disk and sample-synchronous device, gear are installed on the same axis.
5, the device of detection cereal moisture percentage according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described A/D AD conversion unit is made of arithmetic and control unit AD8x.
CNB2006101234613A 2006-11-10 2006-11-10 Method and apparatus for testing water ratio of corn Expired - Fee Related CN100533134C (en)

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CN103808766B (en) * 2014-02-17 2016-07-06 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 The device and method that a kind of online resistance formula grain moisture is measured
CN107219264A (en) * 2017-05-31 2017-09-29 合肥艾瑞德电气有限公司 A kind of detection method of resistance-type moisture analyser
CN107144605A (en) * 2017-05-31 2017-09-08 合肥艾瑞德电气有限公司 A kind of error dressing method of resistance value moisture analyser
CN107192740B (en) * 2017-07-12 2023-11-03 吉林大学 Differential resistance type grain moisture online detection device and detection method thereof
CN108181353B (en) * 2018-01-26 2021-02-19 安徽大洋自动化科技有限公司 Resistance type online grain moisture meter capable of displaying gap of grinding wheel
CN110044977A (en) * 2019-05-07 2019-07-23 中山市武汉理工大学先进工程技术研究院 A kind of sandstone aggregate detecting device for moisture content and method
CN112345559A (en) * 2019-08-06 2021-02-09 中国农业机械化科学研究院 Online grain moisture detection device and detection method of combine harvester
CN112462141A (en) * 2020-11-10 2021-03-09 华南农业大学 Method for detecting electrical characteristics of agricultural materials
CN113310844A (en) * 2021-07-13 2021-08-27 安徽中青检验检测有限公司 Device and method for detecting water content of wheat

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