CN100523233C - Energy-saving and environmental-protection refining furnace - Google Patents
Energy-saving and environmental-protection refining furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN100523233C CN100523233C CNB2006100536739A CN200610053673A CN100523233C CN 100523233 C CN100523233 C CN 100523233C CN B2006100536739 A CNB2006100536739 A CN B2006100536739A CN 200610053673 A CN200610053673 A CN 200610053673A CN 100523233 C CN100523233 C CN 100523233C
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Abstract
A energy-saving environmental friendly refining furnace comprises reverberatory furnace (1), heavy oil combustor (5), and chimney flue for discharging gas, and is characterized in the said reverberatory furnace (1) combined with melting shaft furnace (2) with feeding throat (24) at the top containing devices for opening and closing, chimney flue (11) at the sup of the reverberatory furnace (1) connecting with the cavity (22) of the melting shaft furnace (2), chimney flue exit (21) connecting with the outside set on top of the cavity (22). The invention has the advantages in combining the reverberatory furnace and melting shaft furnace organically, realizing the continuity of feeding, melting and oxidizing through melting shaft furnace burdening the preheat and melt of the copper material and refining with reverberatory furnace, shortening the smelting time efficiently. Gas heat of the reverberatory furnaceis is efficiently used for heating the copper material in melting shaft furnace because of the combination of the two furnaces, and negative pressure operation can be achieved, which prevents gas from escaping even the firedoor is opened. Thus the pollution caused by escaped gas is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel metallurgical industrial furnace, especially refer to a kind of energy-saving and environmental-protection refining that is suitable for smelting non-ferrous metal.
Background technology
Copper is important basic raw material, is widely used in industries such as electric power, electrical equipment, communications and transportation, communication navigation, five metals decoration, mechanical chemical industry.Non-ferrous metallurgical enterprise generally adopts the refining unit of reverberatory furnace as blister copper and reclaimed copper material at present, and the weak point of this equipment is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1), energy utilization rate is low because reverberatory furnace is a kind of bath smelting equipment, its smoke evacuation outlet is located at an end in molten bath, so funnel temperature must be higher than bath temperature, usually all more than 1200 ℃, the heat that smoke evacuation is taken away accounts for more than 60% of heat output of fuel.Because funnel temperature is too high, bring a lot of difficulties to smoke gas treatment, need before dust removal installation, increase flue gas cooling device usually, not only increased the consumption of resources such as water, electricity, also increased the workload of maintenance of the equipment, management.
2), the reverberatory furnace of smelting solid-state copper material adopts side charge more, therefore has bigger fire door on furnace wall.Especially the reverberatory furnace of mechanical loading, the area of feed door is many at 1m
2More than, so both increased the thermosteresis in molten bath, also increased the spillage of flue dust, worsened operating environment, simultaneously the fire door position of reverberatory furnace brings many difficulties for reinforced operation, and large-scale running type and flooring charging machine cost are considerably beyond the cost of reverberatory furnace itself, small-sized factory adopts the hand-fed operation, environment is abominable, and labour intensity is big, and feed rate is slow and dangerous.
3), since aforesaid device in smelting process, the flue gas thermosteresis is big, if adopt the words of negative-pressure operation, can strengthen the inner flue gas of the stove flow velocity, increase thermosteresis, therefore in actual production, in order to improve the utilization ratio of reverberatory furnace, malleations or the micro-pressure operations of adopting more, the reason of Here it is the traditional reflective stove often adopts positive pressure operation.But adopt malleation or micro-pressure operation to be easy to make smoke spillage in the stove, and environment is polluted, especially at reinforced, oxidation and reduction phase, must open the fire door operation, at this moment pollution condition is more serious, and when reverberatory furnace adopted low grade material to smelt, pollution also will be multiplied.
4) reclaim fume afterheat though can adopt waste heat boiler to produce steam, also there is obvious deficiency in this method, at first, can be applicable to that the waste heat boiler of Copper Refining Reverberatory Furnace has all passed through particular design, involves great expense; Secondly, for problems such as boiler surface slagging scorification, obstructions, still do not have effective solution so far, the slagging scorification at some positions still depends on regular blowing out, by the labor cleaning; The 3rd, Copper Refining Reverberatory Furnace is a kind of periodical operation equipment, and exhaust gas volumn alters a great deal in a smelting cycle, and the evaporation capacity for engine of institute's configuration waste heat boiler is fluctuation thereupon also, therefore can only be difficult to use as stable thermal source as the additional vapour source of heat supply network.In addition, utilize the heat energy of waste heat boiler recovery flue gas and produce steam, this is actually the effect that has substituted coal, and most of reverberatory furnaces act as a fuel with heavy oil, and under current conditions, the heavy oil of identical thermal value and coal have 3～4 times price difference, so exist the problem that the energy devalues.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention be provide at above-mentioned prior art present situation a kind of reasonable in design, cost of manufacture is low, energy utilization rate is high and can reduce the energy-saving and environmental-protection refining of environmental pollution effectively.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: this energy-saving and environmental-protection refining, include the flue of reverberatory furnace and discharging flue gas, on reverberatory furnace, be provided with opening for feed and discharge port, described flue is arranged at the top of reverberatory furnace, in reverberatory furnace, be provided with heavy oil burner, described reverberatory furnace is combined with the fusing shaft furnace, and the opening for feed of reverberatory furnace is connected with the discharge port of fusing shaft furnace, and the opening for feed of fusing shaft furnace is positioned at the upper end of fusing shaft furnace, and place the flue on reverberatory furnace top to be connected with the furnace chamber of fusing shaft furnace, be provided with and the extraneous flue outlet that is connected on the top that is positioned at furnace chamber, it is characterized in that: described reverberatory furnace is two, these two reverberatory furnaces are distributed in the both sides of fusing shaft furnace and are combined into one mutually, be provided with the device of opening and sealing at the reverberatory furnace opening for feed respectively with the fusing shaft furnace discharge port place of connection, and melt the device that the shaft furnace opening for feed is provided with unlatching and sealing, on the fusing shaft furnace, also be provided with heavy oil burner.
As improvement, described reverberatory furnace may be selected to be the flue that is positioned at reverberatory furnace top separately and is connected with the furnace chamber of fusing shaft furnace respectively, and is provided with the flue shutter that can close and open flue in flue connection place separately.
As further improvement, described reverberatory furnace opening for feed may be selected to be fire-resistant communicating pipe with the device of opening and sealing that fusing shaft furnace discharge port is communicated with the place, this, end was connected with the opening for feed of reverberatory furnace fire-resistant communicating pipe one, and its other end is connected with fusing shaft furnace discharge port, fire-resistant communicating pipe top be provided with and can make refractory mortar insert opening in the fire-resistant connection tube chamber, and be equipped with the communicating pipe lid at opening part openable ground lid; And the flue outlet on the described fusing shaft furnace is connected with the fly-ash separator device that is arranged at the fusing shaft furnace external world by pipeline, and is provided with the smoke temperature measurement device at the flue outlet place; Described fly-ash separator device may be selected to be fiber bag precipitator, and this fiber bag precipitator is connected with induced draft fan, and induced draft fan is connected with chimney.
Improve again, described its opening for feed of fusing shaft furnace is provided with unlatching and enclosed appts may be selected to be the airtight lock gas of hydraulic drawing plate formula hopper, include hopper, the hopper cover plate, hydro-cylinder two, hydro-cylinder one and hopper pumping board, described hopper is fixed on the opening for feed of fusing shaft furnace, the hopper cover plate is connected with hopper rotationally by rotating shaft and covers on the opening for feed that places hopper, and the piston rod of the rear portion of hopper cover plate and hydro-cylinder two is articulated and connected, described hopper pumping board is the portable bottom that is inserted in hopper, and an end of hopper pumping board with can drive the hopper pumping board and take out the piston rod of the hydro-cylinder one that open and close close feed hopper bottom and be connected.
Above-mentioned fusing shaft furnace also can adaptively have inclined skip charger on it, this inclined skip charger and hopper are set together accordingly, described inclined skip charger includes loading hopper, guide rail, pull line and power motor, described guide rail is oblique to be fixed on the support body that melts shaft furnace one side, the upper end of guide rail is positioned at the top of hopper, the lower end of guide rail is fixed on the ground, loading hopper is connected with pull line, pull line is connected with power motor by pulley, described loading hopper can slide up and down to place on the guide rail by pull line along guide rail, and loading hopper can be poured material in the hopper and suitable with hopper.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that two kinds of type of furnaces of reverberatory furnace and fusing shaft furnace are organically combined, preheating and fusing by fusing shaft furnace burden copper material, carry out refinery process by reverberatory furnace again, realize the continuity of reinforced, fusing and oxidising process, thereby shortened tap to tap time effectively; Because after two kinds of type of furnaces organically combine, the heating of copper material in the fusing shaft furnace that is used effectively of the smoke exhaust heat of reverberatory furnace, reduce the energy consumption of copper refining process greatly, other discharge of harmful gases that also reduced simultaneously greenhouse gases and produced because of fuel, the flue gas heat of fuel combustion can be fully used in the fusing shaft furnace; And the fusing shaft furnace can also be regulated furnace charge lumpiness size and adjust bed depth, control funnel temperature to regulate smoke evacuation speed, funnel temperature can be controlled between 150～250oC, thereby maximally utilised the heat of flue gas, even like this when the flue gas flow rate in the reverberatory furnace increases, flue gas heat also is difficult for loss, therefore, reverberatory furnace can be realized negative-pressure operation, even open fire door, flue gas in the stove can not escaped yet, thereby has solved the fume leakage pollution on the environment effectively; Compare with the method that adopts waste heat boiler to reclaim flue gas heat, both do not had heating surface to pollute, do not have problems such as slagging scorification again; Also have the present invention to adopt inclined skip charger reinforced, improved reinforced operational condition greatly; And adopt the airtight lock gas of hydraulic drawing plate formula hopper, and can make inner flue gas of the stove and stove outer air be in the partition state all the time, both guaranteed that reinforced process flue gas can not leak, kept the stable of furnace pressure again; Also have, because of reverberatory furnace adopts negative-pressure operation, when adopting the low-grade copper material to smelt, can not increase pollution yet, because of the copper material melts, enter reverberatory furnace again in the fusing shaft furnace by liquation to environment, thereby can dwindle the area of reverberatory furnace operation fire door effectively, reduce the fire door heat lost by radiation, and can cancel the water-cooled arch springing beam at fire door place, eliminate the fault of leaking and causing; Have, the whole flue gas during smeltings of the present invention filter after the pollution of flue dust to environment fundamentally eliminated in the chimney emptying through fiber bag precipitator, have realized cleaning and environmental protection production again.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure sectional view of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is along the sectional view of B-B line among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is along the C-C line sectional view of (not showing the reverberatory furnace discharge port) among Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 places fusing shaft furnace upper end hopper construction figure among Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is along the sectional view of F-F line among Fig. 2;
Fig. 6 is a flue structure synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural plan of fiber bag precipitator and induced draft fan among Fig. 6.
Embodiment
Embodiment describes in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As described in Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, the energy-saving and environmental-protection refining of present embodiment includes the flue 11 of reverberatory furnace 1, heavy oil burner 5 and discharging flue gas, is provided with opening for feed 13 and discharge port 14 on reverberatory furnace 1, see Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 5, described flue 11 is arranged at the top of reverberatory furnace 1.Described heavy oil burner 5 is arranged in the reverberatory furnace 1, described reverberatory furnace 1 is combined with fusing shaft furnace 2, and the opening for feed 13 of reverberatory furnace 1 is connected with the discharge port 25 of fusing shaft furnace 2, and the opening for feed 24 of fusing shaft furnace 2 is positioned at the upper end of fusing shaft furnace 2, and be provided with the device of opening and sealing thereon, and fusing shaft furnace 2 is provided with heavy oil burner 5.The flue 11 that is positioned at reverberatory furnace 1 top is connected with the furnace chamber 22 of fusing shaft furnace 2, and is provided with and the extraneous flue outlet 21 that is connected on the top that is positioned at furnace chamber 22, sees Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 3.Described reverberatory furnace 1 has two, see illustrated in figures 1 and 2, with fusing shaft furnace 2 is that the center is distributed on the both sides of fusing shaft furnace 2 symmetrically, and the opening for feed 13 of reverberatory furnace 1 is connected with the discharge port 25 of fusing shaft furnace 2 respectively, be provided with the device 23 of opening and sealing at reverberatory furnace opening for feed 13 respectively with fusing shaft furnace discharge port 25 places of connection, and the flue 11 that is positioned at reverberatory furnace 1 top separately is connected with the furnace chamber 22 of fusing shaft furnace 2 respectively, and is provided with the flue shutter 12 that can close and open flue 11 in flue 11 connections place separately.Described reverberatory furnace opening for feed 13 is fire-resistant communicating pipe 23b with the device of opening and sealing 23 that fusing shaft furnace discharge port 25 is communicated with the place, this fire-resistant communicating pipe 23b one end is connected with the opening for feed 13 of reverberatory furnace 1, and its other end is connected with fusing shaft furnace discharge port 25, be provided with on fire-resistant communicating pipe 23b top and can make refractory mortar insert opening among the fire-resistant connection tube chamber 23c, and be equipped with communicating pipe lid 23a at opening part openable ground lid, see shown in Figure 2.Flue outlet 21 on the described fusing shaft furnace 2 is connected with the fly-ash separator device 7 that is arranged at fusing shaft furnace 2 external worlds by pipeline 71, and is provided with smoke temperature measurement device 26 at flue outlet 21 places, sees shown in Figure 6.Described fly-ash separator device 7 is a fiber bag precipitator, sees shown in Figure 7ly, and this fiber bag precipitator is connected with induced draft fan 8, and induced draft fan 8 is connected with chimney 9, sees shown in Figure 6.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4, described fusing shaft furnace 2 its opening for feeds 24 are provided with unlatching and enclosed appts is the airtight lock gas of a hydraulic drawing plate formula hopper, include hopper 6, hopper cover plate 61, hydro-cylinder 2 62, hydro-cylinder 1 and hopper pumping board 64, see shown in Figure 4, described hopper 6 is fixed on the opening for feed 24 of fusing shaft furnace 2, hopper cover plate 61 is connected with hopper 6 rotationally by rotating shaft 60 and covers on the opening for feed that places hopper 6, and hopper cover plate 61 rear portions and hydro-cylinder 2 62 piston rods are hinged, described hopper pumping board 64 is the portable bottom that is inserted in hopper 6, and an end of hopper pumping board 64 with can drive hopper pumping board 64 automatically and take out hydro-cylinder one 63 piston rods that open and close close hopper 6 bottoms and be connected.
As shown in Figure 3, described fusing shaft furnace 2 is also adaptive on it an inclined skip charger, this inclined skip charger and hopper 6 are set together accordingly, described inclined skip charger includes loading hopper 4, guide rail 41, pull line 42 and power motor, described guide rail 41 oblique being fixed on the support body 3 that melts shaft furnace 2 one sides, the upper end of guide rail 41 is positioned at the top of hopper 6, the lower end of guide rail 41 is fixed on the ground, loading hopper 4 is connected with pull line 42, pull line 42 is connected with power motor by pulley 43, described loading hopper 4 can slide up and down to place on the guide rail 41 by pull line 42 along guide rail 41, and loading hopper 4 can be poured material in the hopper 6 and suitable with hopper 6.
Its working process of the airtight lock gas of described hydraulic drawing plate formula hopper is as follows: down, hopper pumping board and hopper cover plate are not opened in working order, make fusing shaft furnace upper end airtight, when reinforced, the hopper pumping board is motionless, covers fusing shaft furnace opening for feed, hydro-cylinder two is subjected to the order action, and the hopper cover plate is opened; After treating that raw material is put into hopper, hydro-cylinder two is subjected to the order action, the hopper cover plate covers the hopper mouth, and hydro-cylinder one is subjected to the order action, and the hopper pumping board is removed, raw material falls in the fusing shaft furnace, hydro-cylinder one is subjected to the order action, and the hopper pumping board is returned to original position, covers fusing shaft furnace opening for feed, so promptly finish entire work process, repeat aforesaid operations then.The fusing shaft furnace is in whole reinforced process like this, and opening for feed is in closed state all the time, has avoided outside air to bleed and causes furnace pressure fluctuation.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of energy-saving and environmental-protection refining, include the flue (11) of reverberatory furnace (1) and discharging flue gas, on reverberatory furnace (1), be provided with opening for feed (13) and discharge port (14), described flue (11) is arranged at the top of reverberatory furnace (1), in reverberatory furnace (1), be provided with heavy oil burner (5), described reverberatory furnace (1) is combined with fusing shaft furnace (2), and the opening for feed (13) of reverberatory furnace (1) is connected with the discharge port (25) of fusing shaft furnace (2), and the opening for feed (24) of fusing shaft furnace (2) is positioned at the upper end of fusing shaft furnace (2), and place the flue (11) on reverberatory furnace (1) top to be connected with the furnace chamber (22) of fusing shaft furnace (2), be provided with and the extraneous flue outlet (21) that is connected on the top that is positioned at furnace chamber (22), it is characterized in that: described reverberatory furnace (1) is two, these two reverberatory furnaces (1) are distributed in the both sides of fusing shaft furnace (2) and are combined into one mutually, be provided with the device (23) of opening and sealing at reverberatory furnace opening for feed (13) respectively with fusing shaft furnace discharge port (25) place of connection, and melt the device that shaft furnace opening for feed (24) is provided with unlatching and sealing, on fusing shaft furnace (2), also be provided with heavy oil burner (5).
2, energy-saving and environmental-protection refining according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described reverberatory furnace (1) is connected with the furnace chamber (22) of fusing shaft furnace (2) respectively for the flue (11) that is positioned at reverberatory furnace (1) top separately, and be provided with the flue shutter (12) that to close and to open flue (11) in flue (11) connection place separately.
3, energy-saving and environmental-protection refining according to claim 2, it is characterized in that the device of opening and sealing (23) that described reverberatory furnace opening for feed (13) and fusing shaft furnace discharge port (25) are communicated with the place is fire-resistant communicating pipe (23b), this, (23b) end was connected with the opening for feed (13) of reverberatory furnace (1) fire-resistant communicating pipe, and its other end is connected with fusing shaft furnace discharge port (25), fire-resistant communicating pipe (23b) top be provided with and can make refractory mortar insert opening in the fire-resistant connection tube chamber (23c), and be equipped with communicating pipe lid (23a) at opening part openable ground lid.
4, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described energy-saving and environmental-protection refinings, it is characterized in that the flue outlet (21) on the described fusing shaft furnace (2) is connected by pipeline (71) the fly-ash separator device (7) extraneous with being arranged at fusing shaft furnace (2), and locate to be provided with smoke temperature measurement device (26) at flue outlet (21).
5, energy-saving and environmental-protection refining according to claim 4 is characterized in that described fly-ash separator device (7) is a fiber bag precipitator, and this fiber bag precipitator is connected with induced draft fan (8), and induced draft fan (8) is connected with chimney (9).
6, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described energy-saving and environmental-protection refinings, it is characterized in that its opening for feed of described fusing shaft furnace (2) (24) is provided with unlatching and enclosed appts is the airtight lock gas of a hydraulic drawing plate formula hopper, include hopper (6), hopper cover plate (61), hydro-cylinder two (62), hydro-cylinder one (63) and hopper pumping board (64), described hopper (6) is fixed on the opening for feed (24) of fusing shaft furnace (2), hopper cover plate (61) is connected with hopper (6) rotationally by rotating shaft (60) and covers on the opening for feed that places hopper (6), and the piston rod of the rear portion of hopper cover plate (61) and hydro-cylinder two (62) is articulated and connected, described hopper pumping board (64) is inserted in the bottom of hopper (6) for movable type, and an end of hopper pumping board (64) with can drive hopper pumping board (64) and take out hydro-cylinder one (63) piston rod that open and close close hopper (6) bottom and be connected.
7, energy-saving and environmental-protection refining according to claim 6, it is characterized in that described fusing shaft furnace (2) is also adaptive on it has an inclined skip charger, this inclined skip charger and hopper (6) are set together accordingly, described inclined skip charger includes loading hopper (4), guide rail (41), pull line (42) and power motor, described guide rail (41) is oblique to be fixed on the support body (3) that melts shaft furnace (2) one sides, the upper end of guide rail (41) is positioned at the top of hopper (6), the lower end of guide rail (41) is fixed on the ground, loading hopper (4) is connected with pull line (42), pull line (42) is connected with power motor by pulley (43), described loading hopper (4) can slide up and down to place on the guide rail (41) by pull line (42) along guide rail (41), and loading hopper (4) can be poured material in the hopper (6) and suitable with hopper (6).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006100536739A CN100523233C (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2006-09-29 | Energy-saving and environmental-protection refining furnace |
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| CNB2006100536739A CN100523233C (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2006-09-29 | Energy-saving and environmental-protection refining furnace |
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| CN100523233C true CN100523233C (en) | 2009-08-05 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101968307B (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2013-04-24 | 吴春平 | Thermal energy utilization system of reverberatory furnace |
| CN104294050B (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-08-31 | 宁波大学 | A kind of low-grade copper smelts the power-economizing method drawing electrician's copper bar |
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| US4056262A (en) * | 1976-06-28 | 1977-11-01 | Compania De Acero Del Pacifico S.A. | Cupola furnace to enable continuous smelting and refining of cement copper and method therefor |
| US4200265A (en) * | 1977-08-09 | 1980-04-29 | Norddeutsche Affinerie | Furnace for the melting and refining of copper |
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2006
- 2006-09-29 CN CNB2006100536739A patent/CN100523233C/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4056262A (en) * | 1976-06-28 | 1977-11-01 | Compania De Acero Del Pacifico S.A. | Cupola furnace to enable continuous smelting and refining of cement copper and method therefor |
| US4200265A (en) * | 1977-08-09 | 1980-04-29 | Norddeutsche Affinerie | Furnace for the melting and refining of copper |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| 一种环保熔铜反射炉的设计. 王仲珏.工业炉，第27卷第3期. 2005 |
| 一种环保熔铜反射炉的设计. 王仲珏.工业炉，第27卷第3期. 2005 * |
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