CN100514021C - Method and apparatus for detecting pipe leakage - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for detecting pipe leakage Download PDFInfo
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- CN100514021C CN100514021C CNB2005100630666A CN200510063066A CN100514021C CN 100514021 C CN100514021 C CN 100514021C CN B2005100630666 A CNB2005100630666 A CN B2005100630666A CN 200510063066 A CN200510063066 A CN 200510063066A CN 100514021 C CN100514021 C CN 100514021C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the leakage of fluid transmission tube, and relative device. Wherein, it uses the pressure sensor at each station of tube to measure the time difference and the average valve of leakage pressure change signals between two stations that reaching the said two stations, to calculate the position of leakage point; the pressure change signal of entering and exiting the station, via the automatic recognize signal convert unit, is processed with recognize pressure station pass and the pump start processes; the automatic recognize signal convert unit outputs delta valve for controlling switch process; the amplify compare unit detects the entering or exiting pressure signal, which is be amplified by the amplify driving unit to drive the alarm unit. The invention has simple process and lower cost, while it can real-time alarm to prompt user, with high sensitivity, high automatic degree and simple operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is detection method and the device that fluid-transporting tubing leaks.The measurement and the piping system technical field that relate to hydrodynamic pressure.
Background technology
Fluid line is in operation always to produce for various reasons and leaks, and the pipeline grown of those service times particularly is such as corrosion failure, force majeure artificial or nature etc.The information of grasping perforation and accurate position in time all is very important for pipeline operation operation and supvr.Therefore, countries in the world have all successively worked out the method and apparatus of multiple detection pipe leakage.As the optical fiber detection method of utilizing optical fiber technology to research and develop out, though this technology detects reliable, accurate positioning, even can perceive the information of excavating and touching pipeline, can strive for more time for fixing a breakdown.But because of it must be along the pipe installation optical cable, cost height not only, and must excavate, lay optical cable separately to the pipeline that has built up, its cost is just higher.USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) had once been developed a kind of ultrasonic detection technology that leaks generation ultrasound wave phenomenon that utilizes.This technology also can reliably and detect the information of leakage accurately, only needs at certain intervals apart from ultrasonic sensor and pick-up unit are installed.But still need be at fluid line commonly used or mountedly only increase many ultrasonic sensors and relevant device in addition outside the table, the cost height still seems.Add the detection that a spot of device just can be realized pipe leakage again if any a kind of existing mounted instrument of fluid line or Common Instrument utilized, wouldn't more convenient, simpler, more saving?
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention be exactly invention a kind of simple, convenient, save, the reliable and detection method and the device that leak of fluid line accurately.
Because fluid line not only will produce ultrasound wave when leaking, generation-negative pressure is hit ripple in pipeline simultaneously, and is sent to upper and lower station by fluid.The present invention is according to this characteristic and utilize existing equipment to detect the detection of the method realization of suction wave in the pipeline to pipe leakage as far as possible.When pipeline took place to leak, negative pressure was hit ripple and is passed to adjacent upper and lower two stations-first, second station, is set at the sleeve pressure sensor perception in first, the second station, and had pressure curve to change on the apparent real-time pressure trend map of the station at each station control machine screen.So we can arrive the mistiming at first, second two stations and the position that two station differences time of arrival mean value calculation repeatedly goes out pipe leakage respectively according to pipeline leakage signal; Here to be clipped to the time at two stations be that clock with every station is a benchmark to the leakage signal branch, and the clock at each station should be synchronous, preferably adopts a clock certainly.The variable signal of pressure drives warning through identification and amplification simultaneously.The mistiming that changes according to first, second two station pressure and the position of two station mistimings mean value calculation pipe leakage repeatedly are very simple, and its pumping plant that occurs suction wave earlier to the computing formula of leakage point distance is:
In the formula: t
Inequality-suction wave is to first, second two station mistimings N time mean value (s)
t
1-to the time that occurs the suction wave pumping plant earlier (s)
t
2-to after time (s) of suction wave pumping plant appears
Distance (km) between L-first and second liang station
In this computing formula owing to following reason has certain error:
1, because the fluid in the pipeline has certain flow velocity, upwards the speed of (reverse) and downward (in the same way) transmission can be different for suction wave, can produce certain error to result of calculation, but the speed of transmitting in liquid because of suction wave is 1000m/s, and pipeline in fluid as the flow velocity of crude oil about 1m/s, this point is for crude oil pipeline, and its error can be ignored;
2, the time at the suction wave to the first and second of Guo Louing liang station is that clock with station control machine is a benchmark, and this just requires the clock at each station must be consistent.But in fact the clock at each station is independent, needs regularly, the unanimity during school and will walk the time, and is big as the school time error, or it is big to walk time error, all will bring error to result of calculation, as cumulative errors 2s in 24 hours, the error of 2000m just arranged.If transform existing station monitoring and control equipment certainly, a clock is all used at all stations, and that is when best;
3, pressure curve is the per second sweep trace of advancing in the general station monitoring and control equipment, different stations falls the break place suddenly with the click pressure curve respectively, have some errors in time, it is exactly operations staff's operation meticulously again, also can the have an appointment error of a positive and negative sweep trace so also can produce the error of about 2000m.
As from the foregoing, the position that the existing station monitoring and control equipment of this method utilization detects leakage point has some errors, but generally can be controlled in the 5000m, this concerning actual search the leakage point of course not very desirable, but also just passable.
This method not only will show on the pressure trend map at the screen of station control machine and show also should have simultaneously timely and report to the police, and helps to remind the operation personnel in time to handle.The alarm method of its Leak Detection is at each pipeline through-station one cover pressure unit to be installed, and surveys the pressure that enters the station, sets off respectively.As long as advance or the pressure that sets off has suction wave, operation has been described or leakage point has been arranged.Amplify comparing unit with the Δ value and amplify, and this difference amplification driving warning device is got final product.
In fact the pressure overreach is arranged for through-station and open the pump flow process.In order to distinguish these flow processs, identify the negative pressure wave signal of leakage exactly, this method adopts into and out of the way of station pressure signal dual input, promptly by comparing into and out of station pressure signal input, when selecting high level signal to carry out detected pressures overreach flow process, so just can double the warning precision.
According to the present invention's method, this pipeline leakage testing device also is based on the existing equipment design of utilizing as much as possible, reduces to greatest extent and drops into.This device is converted to the current signal of pressure unit detection safe retainer or distributor, station monitoring and control equipment, automatic identification signal converting unit, Δ value amplification comparing unit, signal amplification driver element, alarm unit and the power supply unit composition of voltage signal by pressure unit.Owing to realize that pipeline leakage testing has leakage alarm and leakage point position to determine two parts, no matter and conveyance conduit is newly-built or runed, pressure detection and station monitoring and control equipment are generally all arranged, so this device just there is no need to be provided with in addition a cover, can utilize existing device fully.As the leakage point position determine just can utilize the screen of existing station control machine to show the position that real-time pressure trend map and simple software for calculation calculate leakage point fully.And pressure detection part-pressure unit, safe retainer or the distributor of the warning of pipeline leakage testing part equally also can utilize existing equipment in the pipeline fully, automatic identification signal converting unit, Δ value only need be set separately amplify that comparing unit, signal amplify driver element, alarm unit and the power supply unit of powering for their gets final product (as shown in Figure 1).Therefore this device just be reduced to by be arranged on enter the station with the pipeline that sets off on two pressure units two-way voltage signal that detected pressure change signal is changed through safety retainer or distributor be connected the input end that is input to automatic identification signal converting unit, it is exported by relay J
101The contact switch the input that the Δ value is amplified comparing unit, the output of this Δ value amplification comparing unit connects signal amplification driver element and alarm unit is reported to the police, and power supply unit amplifies comparing unit, signal amplification driver element and alarm unit power supply to automatic identification signal converting unit, Δ value respectively.Except reporting to the police, for observing more intuitively, can also add a moving-coil instrument driver element to drive the trend that pointer instrument shows the current pressure value for the operation personnel, this unit is to connect the output of amplifying comparing unit from the Δ value.Same this driver element is also powered by power supply unit.Realization for ease of identified leakage signal and circuit composition, the input signal of this device is from entering the station and set off the two-way pressure signal, the comparison amplifier that is made of operational amplifier of automatic identification signal converting unit wherein and two-stage amplifier are thereafter formed as can be seen from Figure 2, it is input as enter the station a pressure signal and a departures pressure signal, is output as relay J
101, control the input that the Δ value is amplified comparing unit with the closure of its contact.It is the essentially identical amplifying circuit of two-way that the Δ value is amplified comparing unit, one tunnel input circuit and adjustable capacitor is arranged wherein just, and actual is exactly delay input signal, and output is an amplification Δ value that has postponed.The two-way amplifying circuit be input as two pressure signal or two departures pressure signals of entering the station.When no leakage signal, signal amplifies driver element no-output, relay J
201Do not work, the Δ value is amplified the pressure signal that enters the station or set off that is input as of comparing unit, and this Δ value is amplified comparing unit does not have Δ value variation output; When leakage signal (negative pressure signal), signal amplifies driver element has the Δ value to change output, relay J
201Work, its normally opened contact is connected, and normally closed contact disconnects.When leakage signal, signal amplifies driver element work, relay J
201Normally opened contact connect, make alarm unit work.This alarm unit is selected audio oscillator circuit LM556, power amplifier and loudspeaker for use.The output of comparing unit is also amplified in the input of moving-coil instrument driver element from the Δ value, directly amplified by operational amplifier to drive its load-moving-coil instrument.Power supply unit is transformation, rectification, filtered three grades of mu balanced circuits, and every grade of mu balanced circuit output respectively is a part of circuit unit power supply.This device adopts so circuit formation, detects departures pressure when opening the pump flow process automatically.When pressure overreach flow process, detect the pressure that enters the station automatically.Do like this, pressure overreach flow process warning precision doubles, in case can overcome when opening the pump flow process suction wave constant and drawback of reporting to the police of pressure that enters the station is arranged, and can produce response to negative pressure signal reliably and reports to the police.
Embodiment
Embodiment: following with one on pipe laying the test and successful example the present invention is further illustrated.This example has been applied on the iron Qin crude oil pipeline.Each through-station enter the station and departures place pipeline on 1 pressure unit, safe retainer or distributor respectively are installed, the pressure of measuring between two stations changes time (clock with station control machine is a benchmark) and two station mistimings, 5 times the mean value that (suction wave of pipe leakage) signal arrives two stations respectively, in view of the above and the distance between two stations (be determine number), just can calculate and produce the particular location that leaks.And the warning (see figure 2) of pipe leakage is to be discerned through automatic identification signal converting unit by turnover station each two-way signal of pressure to detect the pressure that enters the station or set off, when suction wave is arranged, the Δ value is amplified the driving alarm unit reports to the police, also drive simultaneously moving-coil instrument, indication current pressure variation tendency.Its device is by electrical schematic diagram assembling shown in Figure 2, and components and parts are pressed and marked selection on the figure.Wherein the first order is automatic identification signal converting unit by operational amplifier μ pc157A or TA7506M (1) amplification of making comparisons, after connect the amplifier that the two-stage discrete component is formed, the load of output amplifier is a relay J
101, select HH53P, select to switch and to enter the station or exit signal, will enter the station or exit signal is given the Δ value and amplified comparing unit.The Δ value is amplified comparing unit and is made of two cover discrete component level Four amplifiers, wherein the input resistance R of a cover amplifier
401After connect an adjustable big electrochemical capacitor postponing input, and by hand push button and R
401A small resistor R in parallel
409, in order to the warning test of circuit, the input of two cover amplifiers is by relay J
101The pressure signal that enters the station or set off is taken from control.When negative pressure signal, one the road in time amplifies, and one the tunnel postpones the back amplifies, and the output that the Δ value is amplified comparing unit divides two-way, one the tunnel connects to the relatively amplification moving-coil instrument driver element of being made up of operational amplifier μ pc157A, and the pointer that directly drives moving-coil instrument 89C48 rotates; Another road connects to signal amplifies driver element, and this signal amplifies driver element to be made up of relatively amplifying with two-stage discrete component amplifier thereafter of operational amplifier μ pc157A or TA7506M (1), and the load of output amplifier is a relay J
201, model is HH53P, by the input of its contact control alarm unit.Signal amplifies the output of the input of driver element from the amplifier of Δ value amplification comparing unit, when negative pressure signal, the Δ value that the Δ value that No. one amplifier amplifies and another road amplifier have postponed to amplify relatively produces difference and is added to the signal amplifier driver element and promotes relay J
201, J
201The normally opened contact closure promotes relay J
602, the normally opened contact closure provides the alarm unit power supply.Alarm unit then selects for use audio frequency oscillator integrated circuit LM556 and power amplifier to promote loudspeaker Y 601 sounding sound.Power supply unit by transformer, full-wave rectification, filtering, voltage stabilizing after output 24V amplify comparing unit and signal amplifies the driver element power supply to automatic identification signal converting unit, Δ value; This 24V voltage is powered to alarm unit through a three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit 7812 again, through 2 mu balanced circuit A
4, A
5(selecting the 723HC integrated package for use) output+10V is respectively to automatic identification signal converting unit A
1, the signal operational amplifier A of amplifying driver element
2Operational amplifier A with the moving-coil instrument driver element
3Power supply.
This device is installed on probation through completely, actual measurement warning precision Δ P ↓ 〉=0.025Mpa, time t≤150 second, as long as have perforation or this device of holing to report to the police on the pipeline, sensitivity can be satisfied actual needs, the accuracy height, and can discern automatically, easy and simple to handle.Enable completely all in the time more than a year behind this device hole for 4 times leakage of oils none fail to report, in time take measures to provide in time, information accurately, avoided bigger loss.
As seen the present invention's method is simple, practical, and device therefor is few, drops into and economizes, and particularly for the pipeline of having runed, only needs to increase small number of devices and gets final product.Though determining of leakage point position is very inaccurate, can satisfy actual needs substantially yet.But also Realtime Alerts prompting simultaneously also can the instrument indication.And that warning device is reported to the police is highly sensitive, accurately and reliably, the automaticity height, easy and simple to handle.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of detection method of pipe leakage comprises by being installed in each station of the pipeline cover of one on pipeline pressure unit recording pipeline leakage signal and arriving the mistiming at adjacent two stations and the position that two station differences time of arrival mean value calculation repeatedly go out pipe leakage respectively; By the pressure change signal at every station through identification, detect the pressure change signal that produces because of leakage and amplify the driving warning, it is characterized in that on the pipeline of every station of pipeline, installing and survey respectively into and out of station each pressure unit of pressure, what measure is discerned by automatic identification circuit into and out of station two-way pressure change signal, the decision detection is entered the station or is set off pressure signal, and the pressure change signal that will advance or set off amplifies the driving warning.
2, a kind of pick-up unit of the pipe leakage according to the described pipeline leakage detection method of claim 1, comprise pressure unit, the current signal of pressure unit output is converted to safe retainer or the distributor and the station monitoring and control equipment of voltage signal, it is characterized in that leakage alarm is by automatic identification signal converting unit, the Δ value is amplified comparing unit, signal amplifies driver element, alarm unit and power supply unit are formed, by be arranged on to enter the station in the every station of pipeline and departures place pipeline on two pressure units the pressure change signal that measures is converted to the input end that voltage signal is received automatic identification signal converting unit through safety retainer or distributor, this unit judges measurement pressure signal that enters the station or set off, output is by relay J
101The contact switch to carry out, the input that the Δ value is amplified comparing unit comes from relay J
101Output, the output that this Δ value is amplified comparing unit is amplified driver element and alarm unit is reported to the police through signal, power supply unit respectively to automatic identification signal converting unit, Δ value amplify comparing unit, signal amplifies driver element and alarm unit power supply.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100630666A CN100514021C (en) | 2005-04-06 | 2005-04-06 | Method and apparatus for detecting pipe leakage |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100630666A CN100514021C (en) | 2005-04-06 | 2005-04-06 | Method and apparatus for detecting pipe leakage |
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| CN1844871A CN1844871A (en) | 2006-10-11 |
| CN100514021C true CN100514021C (en) | 2009-07-15 |
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| CNB2005100630666A Active CN100514021C (en) | 2005-04-06 | 2005-04-06 | Method and apparatus for detecting pipe leakage |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI735156B (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2021-08-01 | 美商惠普發展公司有限責任合夥企業 | Fluid feed hole corrosion detection |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100451442C (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2009-01-14 | 东北大学 | Chaos analysis and micro-processor based conduit pipe micro-leakage diagnosing method and device |
| CN107462377A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-12-12 | 格力电器（合肥）有限公司 | Detection method, apparatus and system |
| CN108980631B (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2020-05-15 | 北京鼎新世纪软件技术有限公司 | Negative pressure wave method pipeline leakage detection system based on online simulation |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3851521A (en) * | 1973-01-19 | 1974-12-03 | M & J Valve Co | System and method for locating breaks in liquid pipelines |
| CN1101914C (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2003-02-19 | 山东新大通石油环保科技股份有限公司 | Transportation pipeline leakage monitoring and locating method and system |
| CN1499184A (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2004-05-26 | 上海嘉地仪器有限公司 | Method for monitoring leakage loss of collector and delivery pipe on oil field by fixed phasing dual sensor |
| CN2779211Y (en) * | 2005-04-06 | 2006-05-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Pipeline leakage detecting device |
-
2005
- 2005-04-06 CN CNB2005100630666A patent/CN100514021C/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3851521A (en) * | 1973-01-19 | 1974-12-03 | M & J Valve Co | System and method for locating breaks in liquid pipelines |
| CN1101914C (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2003-02-19 | 山东新大通石油环保科技股份有限公司 | Transportation pipeline leakage monitoring and locating method and system |
| CN1499184A (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2004-05-26 | 上海嘉地仪器有限公司 | Method for monitoring leakage loss of collector and delivery pipe on oil field by fixed phasing dual sensor |
| CN2779211Y (en) * | 2005-04-06 | 2006-05-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Pipeline leakage detecting device |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI735156B (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2021-08-01 | 美商惠普發展公司有限責任合夥企業 | Fluid feed hole corrosion detection |
| US11731426B2 (en) | 2019-06-18 | 2023-08-22 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company L.P. | Fluid feed hole corrosion detection |
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| CN1844871A (en) | 2006-10-11 |
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Effective date of registration: 20211110 Address after: Room 08-10, 6 / F, block a, No. 5, Dongtucheng Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100013 Patentee after: National Petroleum and natural gas pipeline network Group Co., Ltd Address before: Intercontinental building, 16 ande Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100011 Patentee before: China National Petroleum Corporation |
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