CN100512013C - Voltage controlled oscillator - Google Patents
Voltage controlled oscillator Download PDFInfo
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- CN100512013C CN100512013C CNB2004100426782A CN200410042678A CN100512013C CN 100512013 C CN100512013 C CN 100512013C CN B2004100426782 A CNB2004100426782 A CN B2004100426782A CN 200410042678 A CN200410042678 A CN 200410042678A CN 100512013 C CN100512013 C CN 100512013C
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Abstract
A voltage controlled oscillator, which contains current limited source, voltage-current converting circuit, current mirror and oscillation circuit, wherein the current limited source providing preset reference current, voltage-current converting circuit coupling with current limited source and determining the flown first current, current mirror having first current end coupled with current source and second current end , oscillation circuit coupled with the second end of second current end and determining the frequency of output clock phase signal frequency according to third current, said invention makes the mutual compensation between current process/temperature effect for controlling oscillation circuit and that for controlling oscillation circuit itself, overcomes the influence to voltage controlled oscillator caused by process drift and temperature change.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oscillator, particularly relates to a kind of voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO, voltage control oscillator).
Background technology
General voltage-controlled oscillator commonly used is shown in Figure 1A.Seeing also shown in Figure 1A, is the calcspar of general voltage-controlled oscillator.Frequency by the voltage-controlled oscillator 100 time pulse signal CLK that exports among input voltage VCOIN control Figure 1A.This voltage-controlled oscillator 100 mainly is divided into voltage-current converter circuit 110 and Current Control oscillating circuit 120.For Current Control oscillating circuit 120, under 111 supplies of identical electric current, if then frequency of oscillation is slower for slow processing procedure or temperature height; Otherwise then frequency of oscillation is very fast if fast processing procedure or temperature are low.
Consulting shown in Figure 1B, is the known circuit diagram of voltage-current converter circuit 110 in Figure 1A voltage-controlled oscillator.Generally speaking supply of current control oscillating circuit 120 required electric currents 111 all are designed to equate with electric current I P, and electric current I P=K* (VCOIN-VTHN) ^2.Wherein, K is a constant, and VTHN then is the critical voltage (threshold voltage) of N transistor npn npn 112.Critical voltage VTHN will react with processing procedure and temperature, in other words, if then critical voltage VTHN change is big for slow processing procedure or temperature height; Otherwise, if the low then critical voltage VTHN of fast processing procedure or temperature diminishes.By in the previous equations as can be known, under identical input voltage VCOIN, if electric current I P (electric current 111) is diminished, therefore make that more the frequency of oscillation of time pulse signal CLK is slower at slow processing procedure or temperature height; Otherwise,, therefore make that more the frequency of oscillation of time pulse signal CLK is faster if the low electric current I P (electric current 111) that then makes of fast processing procedure or temperature becomes big.
Seeing also shown in Fig. 1 C, is the voltage to frequency curve chart of Figure 1A voltage-controlled oscillator.Be that initialization system voltage is 3.3 volts among the figure.By can obviously finding out among the figure, under same input voltage, use different processing procedures and different temperatures with variant great different output frequencies.
(PLL, phase lock loop) is one of modal application of voltage-controlled oscillator in the phase-locked loop.The operating frequency range of phase-locked loop, FM distortion, midpoint frequency drift, midpoint frequency and current/voltage sensitivity decide by the characteristic of voltage-controlled oscillator.And the midpoint frequency drift is because accounted for the significant percentage in frequency of oscillation cycle instantaneous change-over time, and in the transition period, transient phenomenon is relevant with circuit stray capacitance, circuitous resistance, transistor gm and transistor input resistance, and these all have very big relation with temperature.On the other hand, the drift of processing procedure also can produce the circuit state change during owing to production, so these changes could must be produced product up to specification and the yield requirement because of taking in when design.Known design must strengthen circuit area and current/voltage usually if will meet afore mentioned rules, has therefore increased cost.
This shows that above-mentioned existing voltage-controlled oscillator obviously still has inconvenience and defective, and demands urgently further being improved in structure and use.In order to solve the problem that voltage-controlled oscillator exists, relevant manufacturer there's no one who doesn't or isn't seeks solution painstakingly, but do not see always that for a long time suitable design finished by development, and common product does not have appropriate structure to address the above problem, and this obviously is the problem that the anxious desire of relevant dealer solves.
Because the defective that above-mentioned existing voltage-controlled oscillator exists, the inventor is based on being engaged in this type of product design manufacturing abundant for many years practical experience and professional knowledge, and the utilization of cooperation scientific principle, actively studied innovation, in the hope of founding a kind of voltage-controlled oscillator of new structure, can improve general existing voltage-controlled oscillator, make it have more practicality.Through constantly research, design, and after studying sample and improvement repeatedly, create the present invention who has practical value finally.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, overcome the defective that existing voltage-controlled oscillator exists, and provide a kind of voltage-controlled oscillator of new structure, technical problem to be solved is to make it can overcome the influence for voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure drift and variations in temperature, and then can reduce cost, thereby be suitable for practicality more, and have the value on the industry.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems realizes by the following technical solutions.According to a kind of voltage-controlled oscillator that the present invention proposes, in order to a clock pulse signal that has a frequency according to input voltage output, it comprises: a constant current source, in order to a predetermined reference current amount to be provided; One voltage-current converter circuit is coupled to this constant current source, in order to pass through one first magnitude of current of this voltage-current converter circuit according to this input voltage decision; One current mirror, have one first current terminal and one second current terminal, this first current terminal is coupled to this constant current source, in order to determine one the 3rd magnitude of current by this second current terminal according to one second magnitude of current by this first current terminal, wherein this second magnitude of current is to be deducted this first magnitude of current and determined it by this reference current amount; And an oscillating circuit, be coupled to second current terminal of this current mirror, in order to this frequency according to the 3rd magnitude of current decision this time pulse signal of exporting.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems also can be applied to the following technical measures to achieve further.
Aforesaid voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein said oscillating circuit comprises: a controlled oscillator is coupled to second current terminal of this current mirror, in order to receive and to determine the pulse signal that this frequency and output have this frequency according to the 3rd magnitude of current; And a whole wave circuit, be coupled to this controlled oscillator, in order to this pulse signal is shaped as this time pulse signal with predetermined waveform.
Aforesaid voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein said constant current source has a reference current input and a reference current output, this reference current output head grounding wherein, this reference current input couple and receive this second magnitude of current that first current terminal of this first magnitude of current that this voltage-current converter circuit exports and this current mirror is exported.
Aforesaid voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein said current mirror comprises: one the one P transistor npn npn, the source electrode of the one P transistor npn npn is coupled to a system voltage, and the grid of a P transistor npn npn is coupled to drain electrode and this reference current input of a P transistor npn npn; And one the 2nd P transistor npn npn, the source electrode of the 2nd P transistor npn npn is coupled to this system voltage, and the grid of the 2nd P transistor npn npn is coupled to the grid of a P transistor npn npn, and the drain electrode of the 2nd P transistor npn npn is coupled to this oscillating circuit.
Aforesaid voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein said voltage-current converter circuit comprises one the 3rd P transistor npn npn, the grid of the 3rd P transistor npn npn receives this input voltage, the source electrode of the 3rd P transistor npn npn is coupled to a system voltage, and the drain electrode of the 3rd P transistor npn npn is coupled to this reference current input and exports this first magnitude of current.
Aforesaid voltage-controlled oscillator, the matrix of wherein said the 3rd P transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 3rd P transistor npn npn.
Aforesaid voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein said voltage-current converter circuit more comprises a resistor, this resistor is coupled between the source electrode of this system voltage and the 3rd P transistor npn npn.
Aforesaid voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein said voltage-current converter circuit comprises that more an operational amplifier is coupled between the grid of this input voltage and the 3rd P transistor npn npn, wherein the positive input terminal of this operational amplifier receives this input voltage, the negative input end of this operational amplifier is coupled to the source electrode of the 3rd P transistor npn npn, and the output of this operational amplifier is coupled to the grid of the 3rd P transistor npn npn.
Aforesaid voltage-controlled oscillator, it comprises that more one the 4th P transistor npn npn is coupled between first current terminal and this reference current input of this current mirror, wherein the source electrode of the 4th P transistor npn npn is coupled to first current terminal of this current mirror, and the grid of the 4th P transistor npn npn is coupled to drain electrode and this reference current input of the 4th P transistor npn npn.
Aforesaid voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein said constant current source has a reference current input and a reference current output, wherein this reference current input is coupled to a system voltage, and this reference current output couples first current terminal of this voltage-current converter circuit and this current mirror.
Aforesaid voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein said current mirror comprises: one the one N transistor npn npn, the source ground of a N transistor npn npn, the grid of a N transistor npn npn are coupled to drain electrode and this reference current output of a N transistor npn npn; And one the 2nd N transistor npn npn, the source ground of the 2nd N transistor npn npn, the grid of the 2nd N transistor npn npn is coupled to the grid of a N transistor npn npn, and the drain electrode of the 2nd N transistor npn npn is coupled to this oscillating circuit.
Aforesaid voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein said voltage-current converter circuit comprises one the 3rd N transistor npn npn, the grid of the 3rd N transistor npn npn receives this input voltage, the source ground of the 3rd N transistor npn npn, the drain electrode of the 3rd N transistor npn npn are coupled to this reference current output to pass through this first magnitude of current.
Aforesaid voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein said voltage-current converter circuit more comprises a resistor, this resistor is coupled between the source electrode and ground connection of the 3rd N transistor npn npn.
Aforesaid voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein said voltage-current converter circuit comprises that more an operational amplifier is coupled between the grid of this input voltage and the 3rd N transistor npn npn, wherein the positive input terminal of this operational amplifier receives this input voltage, the negative input end of this operational amplifier is coupled to the source electrode of the 3rd N transistor npn npn, and the output of this operational amplifier is coupled to the grid of the 3rd N transistor npn npn.
Aforesaid voltage-controlled oscillator, it comprises that more one the 4th N transistor npn npn is coupled between first current terminal and this reference current output of this current mirror, wherein the source electrode of the 4th N transistor npn npn is coupled to first current terminal of this current mirror, and the grid of the 4th N transistor npn npn is coupled to drain electrode and this reference current output of the 4th N transistor npn npn.
Aforesaid voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein said the 3rd magnitude of current approximates this second magnitude of current.
The present invention compared with prior art has tangible advantage and beneficial effect.By above technical scheme as can be known, in order to reach aforementioned goal of the invention, major technique of the present invention thes contents are as follows:
The present invention proposes a kind of voltage-controlled oscillator, in order to the time pulse signal that has a frequency according to input voltage output.This voltage-controlled oscillator comprises: constant current source, voltage-current converter circuit, current mirror and oscillating circuit.Constant current source provides the predetermined reference magnitude of current.Voltage-current converter circuit is coupled to constant current source, to pass through first magnitude of current of voltage-current converter circuit according to the input voltage decision.Current mirror has first current terminal and second current terminal, first current terminal is coupled to constant current source, to determine the 3rd magnitude of current by second current terminal according to second magnitude of current by first current terminal, wherein second magnitude of current is to be deducted this first magnitude of current and determined it by this reference current amount.Oscillating circuit is coupled to second current terminal of current mirror, in order to the frequency according to the 3rd magnitude of current decision time pulse signal of exporting.
According to the described voltage-controlled oscillator of preferred embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned constant current source has reference current input and reference current output.Wherein, this reference current output head grounding, and the reference current input couples and receives second magnitude of current that first current terminal of first magnitude of current that voltage-current converter circuit exports and current mirror is exported.
According to the described voltage-controlled oscillator of preferred embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned constant current source has reference current input and reference current output.Wherein, the reference current input is coupled to system voltage, and the reference current output couples first current terminal of voltage-current converter circuit and current mirror.
Via as can be known above-mentioned, the invention relates to a kind of voltage-controlled oscillator, the time pulse signal according to input voltage output has a frequency comprises constant current source, voltage-current converter circuit, current mirror and oscillating circuit.Constant current source provides the predetermined reference magnitude of current.This voltage-current converter circuit is coupled to constant current source, to pass through first magnitude of current of voltage-current converter circuit according to the input voltage decision.Current mirror has first current terminal and second current terminal, first current terminal is coupled to constant current source, to determine the 3rd magnitude of current by second current terminal according to second magnitude of current by first current terminal, wherein second magnitude of current deducts this first magnitude of current by this reference current amount and determines.Oscillating circuit is coupled to second current terminal of current mirror, in order to the frequency according to the 3rd magnitude of current decision time pulse signal of exporting.
By technique scheme, voltage-controlled oscillator of the present invention has following advantage at least: the present invention is divided into two parts with circuit: one is for according to processing procedure or variations in temperature positive change; Another is for according to processing procedure or variations in temperature inverse change.Mat is adjusted the two rate of change and is made this circuit not change with processing procedure or temperature.Therefore make the processing procedure/temperature effect complementation of processing procedure/temperature effect and control oscillation circuit itself of the required electric current of control oscillation circuit, and overcome that processing procedure drifts about and variations in temperature for the influence of voltage-controlled oscillator.
In sum, the voltage-controlled oscillator of special construction of the present invention can effectively overcome the influence for voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure drift and variations in temperature, and then can reduce cost.It has above-mentioned many advantages and practical value, and not seeing in like product has similar structural design to publish or use and really genus innovation, no matter it structurally or bigger improvement all arranged on the function, have large improvement technically, and produced handy and practical effect, while more existing voltage-controlled oscillator has the multinomial effect of enhancement, thereby be suitable for practicality more, and have the extensive value of industry, really be a new and innovative, progressive, practical new design.
Above-mentioned explanation only is the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, for can clearer understanding technological means of the present invention, and can be implemented according to the content of specification, below with preferred embodiment of the present invention and conjunction with figs. describe in detail as after.
Description of drawings
Figure 1A is the calcspar that has general voltage-controlled oscillator now.
Figure 1B is the known circuit diagram of voltage-current converter circuit in Figure 1A voltage-controlled oscillator.
Fig. 1 C is the voltage to frequency curve chart of Figure 1A voltage-controlled oscillator.
Fig. 2 A is that illustrate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention a kind of has temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator calcspar of processing procedure.
Fig. 2 B is a kind of detailed circuit diagram with temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure that illustrates according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 C is the circuit diagram that the another kind of voltage with temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure that illustrates according to preferred embodiment of the present invention transfers electric current to.
Fig. 2 D is the circuit diagram that another voltage with temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure of illustrating according to preferred embodiment of the present invention transfers electric current to.
Fig. 2 E is the circuit diagram that another voltage with temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure of illustrating according to preferred embodiment of the present invention transfers electric current to.
Fig. 3 A is a kind ofly had temperature and a drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator calcspar of processing procedure according to what another preferred embodiment of the present invention illustrated.
Fig. 3 B is the circuit diagram that transfers electric current according to a kind of voltage with temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure that another preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated to.
Fig. 3 C is the circuit diagram that transfers electric current according to the another kind of voltage with temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure that another preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated to.
Fig. 3 D is the circuit diagram that transfers electric current according to another voltage with temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure that another preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated to.
Fig. 3 E is the circuit diagram that transfers electric current according to another voltage with temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure that another preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated to.
Fig. 4 is the voltage to frequency curve chart of the voltage-controlled oscillator of the embodiment of the invention.
100: known voltage-controlled oscillator 110: known voltage-current converter circuit
120,230,330: the Current Control oscillating circuit
111: the electric current 112:N transistor npn npn (N type electric crystal) of control oscillating circuit
200,300: the voltage-controlled oscillator of the embodiment of the invention
210,310: voltage transfers the circuit 220,320 of electric current to: voltage-current converter circuit
CLK: output time pulse signal CM: current mirror (current mirror)
CS: constant current source (current source) IA: first magnitude of current
IB: second magnitude of current IC: the 3rd magnitude of current
ICO: controlled oscillator (current control oscillator)
INV1-INV5: inverter IP: the electric current that input voltage VCOIN is changed
OP: operational amplifier R: resistor
VCOIN: input voltage WS: whole wave circuit (wave shaping)
WSB: buffer WSN1-WSN2:N transistor npn npn
NMOS1-NMOS4:N transistor npn npn WSP1-WSP2:P transistor npn npn
The PMOS1-PMOS4:P transistor npn npn
Embodiment
Reach technological means and the effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taked for further setting forth the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to its embodiment of voltage-controlled oscillator, structure, feature and the effect thereof that foundation the present invention proposes, describe in detail as after.
The present invention mainly is divided into circuit two parts: one for according to processing procedure or variations in temperature positive change; Another is for according to processing procedure or variations in temperature inverse change.Mat is adjusted the two rate of change and is made this circuit not change with processing procedure or temperature.The Current Control oscillating circuit is under the same current supply, if then frequency of oscillation is slower for slow processing procedure or temperature height, then frequency of oscillation is very fast if fast processing procedure or temperature are low.So the present invention becomes the circuit design of voltage transitions electric current at slow processing procedure or temperature height big electric current then is provided, and then provides less electric current if fast processing procedure or temperature are hanged down.Therefore just can under identical input voltage VCOIN, make voltage-controlled oscillator produce close frequency, make us can in control reference voltage, produce the frequency range of institute's desire design.
Seeing also shown in Fig. 2 A, is that illustrate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention a kind of has temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator calcspar of processing procedure.This voltage-controlled oscillator 200 is according to input voltage VCOIN decision frequency and export time pulse signal CLK.Constant current source (current source) CS is in order to provide predetermined fixed reference magnitude of current I.Wherein, the reference current output head grounding of constant current source CS.Voltage-current converter circuit 220 is coupled to the reference current input of constant current source CS.Voltage-current converter circuit 220 receives and passes through according to input voltage VCOIN decision first magnitude of current IA of voltage-current converter circuit 220.Current mirror (current mirror) CM has first current terminal and second current terminal, and first current terminal is coupled to the reference current input of constant current source CS.Current mirror CM is in order to determine the 3rd magnitude of current IC by second current terminal according to second magnitude of current IB by first current terminal.By among the figure as can be known, the total current of first magnitude of current IA and second magnitude of current IB is reference current amount I.Because reference current amount I preestablishes the fixed current of finishing, therefore second magnitude of current IB can be deducted first magnitude of current IA and determined by reference current amount I.
Oscillating circuit 230 is coupled to second current terminal of current mirror CM, in order to the frequency according to the 3rd magnitude of current IC decision time pulse signal CLK that exports.In the present embodiment, the 3rd magnitude of current IC for example approximates second magnitude of current IB greatly.Therefore, if use slow processing procedure or temperature are high the magnitude of current IA that wins is diminished, second magnitude of current IB this moment (i.e. the 3rd magnitude of current IC) therefore change is big.Otherwise, make the magnitude of current IA that wins become big if use fast processing procedure or temperature are low, second magnitude of current IB this moment (i.e. the 3rd magnitude of current IC) will so diminish.Slow processing procedure or temperature are high to make output frequency diminish because of using so can compensate oscillating circuit 230, or because of using the low output frequency that makes of fast processing procedure or temperature to become big phenomenon.
In the present embodiment, oscillating circuit 230 for example comprises controlled oscillator (current controloscillator) ICO and whole wave circuit (wave shaping) WS.Controlled oscillator ICO is coupled to second current terminal of current mirror CM, to receive and to determine and export according to the 3rd magnitude of current IC frequency of pulse signal 231.Whole wave circuit WS is coupled to controlled oscillator ICO, pulse signal 231 is shaped as the time pulse signal CLK with predetermined waveform.
In the present embodiment, controlled oscillator ICO for example implements with reference to Fig. 2 B.Seeing also shown in Fig. 2 B, is a kind of detailed circuit diagram with temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure that is illustrated in a preferred embodiment according to the present invention.For example be concatenated into the loop at this controlled oscillator ICO with inverter INV1-INV5.The service speed of each grade inverter can be by the 3rd magnitude of current IC decision of being supplied.
In the present embodiment, whole wave circuit WS for example implements with reference to Fig. 2 B.The grid of transistor WSN1 is coupled to the output of inverter INV4, and source electrode then is coupled to earthed voltage DVSS.The drain electrode of transistor WSP1 is coupled to the drain electrode of transistor WSN1, and the source electrode of transistor WSP1 then is coupled to system voltage DVDD.The grid of transistor WSN2 is coupled to the output of inverter INV5, and source electrode then is coupled to earthed voltage DVSS.The drain electrode of transistor WSP2 is coupled to the drain electrode of transistor WSN2, and the source electrode of transistor WSP2 then is coupled to system voltage DVDD.The grid of transistor WSP1 and transistor WSP2 all is coupled to the drain electrode of transistor WSP1.The input of buffer WSB is coupled to the drain electrode of transistor WSP2, and its output output time pulse signal CLK.
In the present embodiment, current mirror CM for example consults Fig. 2 B enforcement.Current mirror CM comprises P transistor npn npn PMOS1 and PMOS2.The source electrode of transistor PMOS1 is coupled to system voltage AVDD, and grid and drain electrode all are coupled to the reference current input of constant current source CS.The source electrode of transistor PMOS2 is coupled to system voltage AVDD, and grid is coupled to the grid of transistor PMOS1.The drain electrode of transistor PMOS2 is coupled to controlled oscillator ICO.
In the present embodiment, voltage-current converter circuit 220 is for example implemented with reference to Fig. 2 B.The grid of P transistor npn npn PMOS3 receives input voltage VCOIN, and source electrode is coupled to system voltage AVDD, and drain electrode then is coupled to the reference current input of constant current source CS and exports first magnitude of current IA.In addition, the matrix of transistor PMOS3 for example is coupled to the source electrode of transistor PMOS3.
The circuit 210 that voltage transfers electric current among Fig. 2 A also can have various circuit design according to different demands, and its result all belongs to category of the present invention.In order more to clearly demonstrate the present invention, below describe for the embodiment of several circuit 210 in addition.
Seeing also shown in Fig. 2 C, is the circuit diagram that the another kind of voltage with temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure that illustrates according to preferred embodiment of the present invention transfers electric current to.The grid of P transistor npn npn PMOS3 receives input voltage VCOIN, and drain electrode then is coupled to the reference current input of constant current source CS and exports first magnitude of current IA.One end of resistor R is coupled to system voltage AVDD, and the other end then is coupled to the source electrode of transistor PMOS3.The reference current output of constant current source CS is coupled to earthed voltage AVSS.Identical at this current mirror CM with the current mirror CM of Fig. 2 A, so repeat no more.
Seeing also shown in Fig. 2 D, is the circuit diagram that another voltage with temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure of illustrating according to preferred embodiment of the present invention transfers electric current to.Fig. 2 D is similar to Fig. 2 C, and its difference is to increase an operational amplifier OP.This operational amplifier OP is coupled between input voltage VCOIN and the transistor PMOS3 grid.Wherein, the positive input terminal of operational amplifier OP receives input voltage VCOIN, and the negative input end of operational amplifier OP is coupled to the source electrode of transistor PMOS3, and the output of operational amplifier OP then is coupled to the grid of transistor PMOS3.
Seeing also shown in Fig. 2 E, is the circuit diagram that another voltage with temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure of illustrating according to preferred embodiment of the present invention transfers electric current to.Fig. 2 E is similar to Fig. 2 C, and its difference is to increase a P transistor npn npn PMOS4.This transistor PMOS4 is coupled between the reference current input of first current terminal of current mirror CM and constant current source CS.Wherein, the source electrode of transistor PMOS4 is coupled to first current terminal of current mirror CM, and the grid of transistor PMOS4 and drain electrode all are coupled to the reference current input of constant current source CS.At this, though transistor PMOS4 serves as to implement example with a P transistor npn npn, the designer can optionally change the quantity of P transistor npn npn among the transistor PMOS4, and its result also belongs to category of the present invention.
At this again for an embodiment, with more complete description the present invention.Seeing also shown in Fig. 3 A, is a kind ofly to be had temperature and a drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator calcspar of processing procedure according to what another preferred embodiment of the present invention illustrated.This voltage-controlled oscillator 300 is according to input voltage VCOIN decision frequency and export time pulse signal CLK.Constant current source CS is in order to provide predetermined fixed reference magnitude of current I.Wherein, the reference current input of constant current source CS is coupled to system voltage AVDD.Voltage-current converter circuit 320 is coupled to the reference current output of constant current source CS.Voltage-current converter circuit 320 receives and according to first magnitude of current IA of input voltage VCOIN decision by voltage-current converter circuit 320.Current mirror CM has first current terminal and second current terminal, and first current terminal is coupled to the reference current output of constant current source CS.Current mirror CM is in order to determine the 3rd magnitude of current IC by second current terminal according to second magnitude of current IB by first current terminal.By among the figure as can be known, the total current of first magnitude of current IA and second magnitude of current IB is reference current amount I.Because reference current amount I preestablishes the fixed current of finishing, therefore second magnitude of current IB can be deducted first magnitude of current IA and determined by reference current amount I.
Oscillating circuit 330 is coupled to second current terminal of current mirror CM, in order to the frequency according to the 3rd magnitude of current IC decision time pulse signal CLK that exports.In the present embodiment, the 3rd magnitude of current IC for example approximates second magnitude of current IB greatly.Therefore, if use slow processing procedure or temperature are high the magnitude of current IA that wins is diminished, second magnitude of current IB this moment (i.e. the 3rd magnitude of current IC) therefore change is big.Otherwise, make the magnitude of current IA that wins become big if use fast processing procedure or temperature are low, second magnitude of current IB this moment (i.e. the 3rd magnitude of current IC) will so diminish.Slow processing procedure or temperature are high to make output frequency diminish because of using so can compensate oscillating circuit 330, or because of using the low output frequency that makes of fast processing procedure or temperature to become big phenomenon.
In the present embodiment, oscillating circuit 330 for example comprises controlled oscillator ICO and whole wave circuit WS.At this oscillating circuit 330 is identical with the oscillating circuit 230 of Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B in the previous embodiment, so repeat no more.
In the present embodiment, current mirror CM for example comprises a N transistor npn npn NMOS1 and the 2nd N transistor npn npn NMOS2.The source ground of the one N transistor npn npn NMOS1, its grid and drain electrode then are coupled to the reference current output of constant current source CS.The source ground of the 2nd N transistor npn npn NMOS2, its grid are coupled to the grid of a N transistor npn npn NMOS1.The drain electrode of the 2nd N transistor npn npn NMOS2 then is coupled to oscillating circuit 330.
Seeing also shown in Fig. 3 B, is that a kind of voltage with temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure that illustrates according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention changes current circuit figure.In the present embodiment, voltage-current converter circuit 320 for example comprises N transistor npn npn NMOS3.The grid of transistor NMOS3 receives input voltage VCOIN, and source electrode is coupled to earthed voltage AVSS, and drain electrode then is coupled to the reference current output of constant current source CS and passes through first magnitude of current IA.Identical at this current mirror CM with the current mirror CM of Fig. 3 A, so repeat no more.
Seeing also shown in Fig. 3 C, is the circuit diagram that transfers electric current according to the another kind of voltage with temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure that another preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated to.The grid of transistor NMOS3 receives input voltage VCOIN, and drain electrode then is coupled to the reference current output of constant current source CS and passes through first magnitude of current IA.One end of resistor R is coupled to earthed voltage AVSS, and the other end then is coupled to the source electrode of transistor NMOS3.The reference current input of constant current source CS is coupled to system voltage AVDD.Identical at this current mirror CM with the current mirror CM of Fig. 3 A, so repeat no more.
Seeing also shown in Fig. 3 D, is the circuit diagram that transfers electric current according to another voltage with temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure that another preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated to.Fig. 3 D is similar to Fig. 3 C, and its difference is to increase an operational amplifier OP.This operational amplifier OP is coupled between input voltage VCOIN and the transistor NMOS3 grid.Wherein, the positive input terminal of operational amplifier OP receives input voltage VCOIN, and the negative input end of operational amplifier OP is coupled to the source electrode of transistor NMOS3, and the output of operational amplifier OP then is coupled to the grid of transistor NMOS3.
Seeing also shown in Fig. 3 E, is the circuit diagram that transfers electric current according to another voltage with temperature and the drift-compensated voltage-controlled oscillator of processing procedure that another preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated to.Fig. 3 E is similar to Fig. 3 C, and its difference is to increase a N transistor npn npn NMOS4.This transistor NMOS4 is coupled between the reference current output of first current terminal of current mirror CM and constant current source CS.Wherein, the source electrode of transistor NMOS4 is coupled to first current terminal of current mirror CM, and the grid of transistor NMOS4 and drain electrode all are coupled to the reference current output of constant current source CS.At this, though transistor NMOS4 serves as to implement example with a N transistor npn npn, the designer can optionally change the quantity of N transistor npn npn among the transistor NMOS4, and its result also belongs to category of the present invention.
See also shown in Figure 4ly, be the voltage to frequency curve chart of the voltage-controlled oscillator of the embodiment of the invention.The output frequency 133.3MHz design that we use as can be seen is about half supply voltage, and the voltage averaged cloth of the control of the frequency of design specification all makes transistor be operated in the voltage range of saturation region.On the other hand the voltage range of arbitrary frequency control has been dwindled, therefore then convenient for the use of this circuit.For increasing the power consumption problem that reference current produced, can be decreased to the insignificant magnitude of current by the current mirror enlarging function.If can not produce required reference current with pressurizer, though reference current also can change because of processing procedure and temperature drift, as long as but make the circuit of voltage commentaries on classics electric current and the reaction of Current Control oscillating circuit just can produce result of the present invention on the contrary, and then can improve the problem of the circuit of existing habit.
The above, it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, though the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, yet be not in order to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, in not breaking away from the technical solution of the present invention scope, when the technology contents that can utilize above-mentioned announcement is made a little change or is modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, in every case be the content that does not break away from technical solution of the present invention, according to technical spirit of the present invention to any simple modification that above embodiment did, equivalent variations and modification all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1, a kind of voltage-controlled oscillator, the clock pulse signal in order to have a frequency according to input voltage output is characterized in that this voltage-controlled oscillator comprises:
One constant current source is in order to provide a predetermined reference current amount;
One voltage-current converter circuit is coupled to this constant current source, in order to pass through one first magnitude of current of this voltage-current converter circuit according to this input voltage decision;
One current mirror, have one first current terminal and one second current terminal, this first current terminal is coupled to this constant current source, in order to determine one the 3rd magnitude of current by this second current terminal according to one second magnitude of current by this first current terminal, wherein this second magnitude of current deducts this first magnitude of current by this reference current amount and determines; And
One oscillating circuit is coupled to second current terminal of this current mirror, in order to this frequency according to the 3rd magnitude of current decision this time pulse signal of exporting.
2, voltage-controlled oscillator according to claim 1 is characterized in that wherein said oscillating circuit comprises:
One controlled oscillator is coupled to second current terminal of this current mirror, in order to receive and to determine the pulse signal that this frequency and output have this frequency according to the 3rd magnitude of current; And
One whole wave circuit is coupled to this controlled oscillator, in order to this pulse signal is shaped as this time pulse signal with predetermined waveform.
3, voltage-controlled oscillator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that wherein said constant current source has a reference current input and a reference current output, this reference current output head grounding wherein, this reference current input couple and receive this second magnitude of current that first current terminal of this first magnitude of current that this voltage-current converter circuit exports and this current mirror is exported.
4, voltage-controlled oscillator according to claim 3 is characterized in that wherein said current mirror comprises:
One the one P transistor npn npn, the source electrode of a P transistor npn npn is coupled to a system voltage, and the grid of a P transistor npn npn is coupled to drain electrode and this reference current input of a P transistor npn npn; And
One the 2nd P transistor npn npn, the source electrode of the 2nd P transistor npn npn is coupled to this system voltage, and the grid of the 2nd P transistor npn npn is coupled to the grid of a P transistor npn npn, and the drain electrode of the 2nd P transistor npn npn is coupled to this oscillating circuit.
5, voltage-controlled oscillator according to claim 3, it is characterized in that wherein said voltage-current converter circuit comprises one the 3rd P transistor npn npn, the grid of the 3rd P transistor npn npn receives this input voltage, the source electrode of the 3rd P transistor npn npn is coupled to a system voltage, and the drain electrode of the 3rd P transistor npn npn is coupled to this reference current input and exports this first magnitude of current.
6, voltage-controlled oscillator according to claim 5 is characterized in that the matrix of wherein said the 3rd P transistor npn npn is coupled to the source electrode of the 3rd P transistor npn npn.
7, voltage-controlled oscillator according to claim 5 is characterized in that wherein said voltage-current converter circuit more comprises a resistor, and this resistor is coupled between the source electrode of this system voltage and the 3rd P transistor npn npn.
8, voltage-controlled oscillator according to claim 7, it is characterized in that wherein said voltage-current converter circuit comprises that more an operational amplifier is coupled between the grid of this input voltage and the 3rd P transistor npn npn, wherein the positive input terminal of this operational amplifier receives this input voltage, the negative input end of this operational amplifier is coupled to the source electrode of the 3rd P transistor npn npn, and the output of this operational amplifier is coupled to the grid of the 3rd P transistor npn npn.
9, voltage-controlled oscillator according to claim 3, it is characterized in that it more comprises one the 4th P transistor npn npn, be coupled between first current terminal and this reference current input of this current mirror, wherein the source electrode of the 4th P transistor npn npn is coupled to first current terminal of this current mirror, and the grid of the 4th P transistor npn npn is coupled to drain electrode and this reference current input of the 4th P transistor npn npn.
10, voltage-controlled oscillator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that wherein said constant current source has a reference current input and a reference current output, wherein this reference current input is coupled to a system voltage, and this reference current output couples first current terminal of this voltage-current converter circuit and this current mirror.
11, voltage-controlled oscillator according to claim 10 is characterized in that wherein said current mirror comprises:
One the one N transistor npn npn, the source ground of a N transistor npn npn, the grid of a N transistor npn npn are coupled to drain electrode and this reference current output of a N transistor npn npn; And
One the 2nd N transistor npn npn, the source ground of the 2nd N transistor npn npn, the grid of the 2nd N transistor npn npn is coupled to the grid of a N transistor npn npn, and the drain electrode of the 2nd N transistor npn npn is coupled to this oscillating circuit.
12, voltage-controlled oscillator according to claim 10, it is characterized in that wherein said voltage-current converter circuit comprises one the 3rd N transistor npn npn, the grid of the 3rd N transistor npn npn receives this input voltage, the source ground of the 3rd N transistor npn npn, the drain electrode of the 3rd N transistor npn npn are coupled to this reference current output to pass through this first magnitude of current.
13, voltage-controlled oscillator according to claim 12 is characterized in that wherein said voltage-current converter circuit more comprises a resistor, and this resistor is coupled between the source electrode and ground connection of the 3rd N transistor npn npn.
14, voltage-controlled oscillator according to claim 13, it is characterized in that wherein said voltage-current converter circuit comprises that more an operational amplifier is coupled between the grid of this input voltage and the 3rd N transistor npn npn, wherein the positive input terminal of this operational amplifier receives this input voltage, the negative input end of this operational amplifier is coupled to the source electrode of the 3rd N transistor npn npn, and the output of this operational amplifier is coupled to the grid of the 3rd N transistor npn npn.
15, voltage-controlled oscillator according to claim 10, it is characterized in that it comprises that more one the 4th N transistor npn npn is coupled between first current terminal and this reference current output of this current mirror, wherein the source electrode of the 4th N transistor npn npn is coupled to first current terminal of this current mirror, and the grid of the 4th N transistor npn npn is coupled to drain electrode and this reference current output of the 4th N transistor npn npn.
16, voltage-controlled oscillator according to claim 1 is characterized in that wherein said the 3rd magnitude of current approximates this second magnitude of current.
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| CNB2004100426782A CN100512013C (en) | 2004-05-31 | 2004-05-31 | Voltage controlled oscillator |
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| CNB2004100426782A CN100512013C (en) | 2004-05-31 | 2004-05-31 | Voltage controlled oscillator |
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| CN100512013C true CN100512013C (en) | 2009-07-08 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102063150B (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2013-07-03 | 瑞昱半导体股份有限公司 | Clock generator |
| CN101741354A (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2010-06-16 | 天津南大强芯半导体芯片设计有限公司 | Oscillator circuit with low frequency and low power consumption and working method thereof |
| KR101104720B1 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2012-01-11 | 이타칩스 주식회사 | Oscillator circuit compensating for external voltage supply, temperature and process |
| JP5533345B2 (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2014-06-25 | ミツミ電機株式会社 | Current source circuit and delay circuit and oscillation circuit using the same |
| CN102412833B (en) * | 2010-09-24 | 2014-03-19 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Voltage-current converting circuit |
| CN102158223B (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2016-08-31 | 上海华虹宏力半导体制造有限公司 | Voltage controlled oscillator |
| CN103227565A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-07-31 | 深圳市汇川技术股份有限公司 | Flow control oscillation circuit and power supply |
| CN105322888B (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2018-07-17 | 晨星半导体股份有限公司 | The circuit system and its operating method of supply voltage are adjusted according to thermal adaptability |
| CN109150173A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-01-04 | 上海安路信息科技有限公司 | reference clock frequency generator |
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