CN1005053B - Apparatus for driving the axle for holding work in rotary abrading machine - Google Patents

Abstract

To improve polishing efficiency by applying the constitution wherein a work shaft fitted in a liftable polishing shaft chest is made to turn in either direction on a rack and pinion and the rotary direction of a workpiece is changed in a short time for the easy control of a polishing direction on the move of said chest. When a workpiece has been held, upper and lower rotary discs 8 and 9 come down, a workpiece 31 is inserted in abrasives and a polishing shaft drive motor 14 is operated, thereby actuating a drive shaft and a crank arm, and causing the reciprocating turn of a rack. Concurrently, therefore, a pinion gives a reciprocating motion, while a polishing shaft 23 and the workpiece 31 giving a reciprocating turn. When the workpiece 31 is flat and made to agree to the dead point of the crank arm in a direction orthogonal with the flow direction of abrasives, the sliding speed of the rack becomes minimum at the aforesaid position in the motion of a crank mechanism. Namely, the rotary speed of the workpiece is minimum and time is prolonged when abrasives are orthogonally in contact with the workpiece, thereby improving polishing effect.

Description

The piece-holder axial brake device of workpiece rotary grinder

The present invention relates generally to a kind of workpiece grinder, more detailed point is said so relevant with the grinder that includes a plurality of gyroaxises that are used for holding workpiece, and this machine purposes is to use the grinding-material that is contained in each vessel to come the surface and the edge of polishing workpiece simultaneously.More precisely, the present invention relates to be applied to the improvement problem of the gyroaxis that the holding workpiece in the above-mentioned pattern grinder uses.

Traditional original that class machine contains a plurality of gyroaxises that are used for each workpiece of clamping, and swaying of those gyroaxises driven by a drive motors and a power-transmission system.This gyroaxis can only be done unidirectional rotation, and speed can not be regulated.

Drive motors and power-transmission system composite set do not possess the control device that changes rotating speed in a whole circle of gyroaxis rotates, and each gyroaxis opposite spin must realize by the direction of rotation that changes drive motors.Like this, the counter-rotating that will realize axle in the very short time is unusual difficulty.Moreover, in the time will making a certain appointment gyroaxis be parked on a certain position of workpiece, the device of this gyroaxis stop position of control need be set.In this case, just need the relative position between definite workpiece clamping device and the workpiece loading device, so that their position is mated with each other.

In order to address the above problem, a main purpose of the present invention is to improve the gyroaxis structure, comprises a tooth bar that is attached to gear on this gyroaxis and one and this gears engaged in this structure, by this gear this gyroaxis is rotated.By a crank mechanism or hydraulic cylinder this tooth bar being produced moves back and forth.So just can make this gyroaxis in each turn over, change direction arbitrarily.After this manner, the surface of the workpiece that grinds out just irregular finished surface can not occur, otherwise, for the workpiece of F-SP, will produce this irregular surface owing to the difference of its required processing capacity.In order to realize this point, the part that needs most grinding of workpiece is placed on the position of gyroaxis when being in low-rotate speed, so that make this part of workpiece can be subjected in the vessel effect around the maximum grinding-material that flows.In other words, the present invention is based upon so conceptive, and promptly gyroaxis can change rotating speed as required, and this needs are because arbitrary specific part of workpiece needs most grinding produces.So by reducing the rotating speed of gyroaxis, this part of workpiece just can be subjected to the effect of grinding-material for more time.Do like this and can improve total nonferromagnetic substance and efficient.In addition, can also use a kind of energy to produce reciprocating mechanism, this is positioned on the appropriate stop position, in this case, the predetermined stop position of this gyroaxis can be the initial point and the terminal point of this reciprocator.Like this, when gyroaxis during with jogging speed revolution, it just can stop on its exact position, and need not worry about any position error that may be caused by reciprocator.Like this, just can obtain high positioning accuracy.

Specifically, the workpiece grip mechanism that the present invention proposes includes a hood that can move up and down, and an axle journal that is used for the axle of holding workpiece is installed in the hood.Each such hood also comprises one and be attached to the tooth bar that the pinion on the tool-holder shaft is meshed.The composite set of this rack-and-pinion just make this gyroaxis in the very short time interval alternately to a direction or opposite spin.In addition, can be by corresponding hood being moved up or down control the position of the grinding of workpiece.

Above-mentioned and other purpose, advantage of the present invention, the detailed introduction of embodiment that will be by consulting band accompanying drawing provided by the invention becomes clearer, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the side view of a typical workpiece rotary grinder, and this machine is equipped with the piece-holder axis mechanism that the present invention proposes;

Fig. 2 is the vertical view of above-mentioned machine as shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is the front view of the most preferred embodiment of the piece-holder axis mechanism of making according to the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the vertical view of mechanism as shown in Figure 3;

Fig. 5 is the sectional view of mechanism as shown in Figure 3;

Fig. 6 is the front view of work holder; And

Fig. 7 is the partial view of clamping device shown in Figure 6.

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are General Arrangements that the workpiece rotary grinder of mechanism of the present invention typically is housed.In order to simplify and easily to do the structure of understanding this machine, only in the machine shown in Figure 1 with several means in one be introduced.

Usually, this machine construction comprises a machinery bed 1, is fixing 4 side column 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d straight up usually on its 4 angles.On the top of pillar, be equipped with upper frame 3, and be securely fixed on those pillars.One bearing is housed on the upper frame 3, and the mandrel 37 that produces gyration just is bearing in this bearing.It makes one workpiece grinding device 4(the shape that workpiece grinds vessel usually and is installed on the base 1, is bearing in the rotating shaft 35 and can turns round.The axle journal of rotating shaft 35 is bearing on the machinery bed 1, and rotating shaft 35 drives revolution by its drive motors 5 and reduction box 6.Rotating shaft 35 just drives workpiece and grinds the vessel rotation.Mandrel 37 links with star mechanism 7, and it drives mandrel and does gradual rotation.Adorning on the mandrel 37 and going up disk 8 and lower disc 9, their segment distances that separates each other vertically are installed on this mandrel.Also be equipped with on the mandrel 37 many to guide rod 36a, 36b, 36c, 36d, (example shown in Figure 2 is equipped with 6 pairs), they longitudinally are erected between disk 8 and the lower disc 9.Those guide rods all are fixed on the lower disc 9.The upper surface of last rotating circular disk 8 has a hydraulic cylinder 10 of upwards erectting, the upper and lower motion of the corresponding axis of a workpiece of each hydraulic cylinder 10 control clamping.Hydraulic cylinder 10 has a piston rod, and its front end 11 is connected corresponding hood 13a, and 13b etc. go up (having represented 6 hoods in the example of Fig. 2), and an one rotating shaft all is housed in each hood.The details of gyroaxis is shown in Fig. 3,4 and 5.This gyroaxis just constitutes main contents of the present invention.

Gyroaxis hood 13a, 13b etc., as mentioned above, with corresponding piston bar front end 11 Joints, and can be along guide rod 36a and 36b and slippage between them.The drive motors 14 that each hood 13a, 13b etc. drive gyroaxis and in hood links.Motor 14 has a driving shaft, at the one end driving wheel 15 is housed.From the wheel stomach wall of driving wheel 15 1 sides, pass a pin 16 vertically.Pin 16 is supporting crank arm 17, and an end of arm 17 and pin combination are so crank arm 17 can rotate.The other end of this crank arm 17 is by pin 18 supportings, and a toothed rack bar 19 is contained on the pin 18.One end of rack bar 19 has a hole, and combines with above-mentioned pin 18 with this hole.So rack member 19 is bearing on the pin 18 and can rotates around it, rack member 19 also keeps sliding relation with a rack slide that is installed in rigidly on the hood 13a simultaneously.Tooth on the rack bar 19 and pinion 21 engagements, pinion 21 is contained on the gyroaxis 22.As shown in Figure 5, the axle journal of gyroaxis 22 can be rotated to support in the bearing 23, and bearing 23 is fixed on its hood 13a.Gyroaxis 22 is a hollow, and tool-holder shaft 24 can be passed through this hollow shaft 22.This tool-holder shaft 24 is with its bottom and pin 25 affixed (as Fig. 6, shown in 7).Workpiece clamp gripping arm 26 and 27 is formed a both arms crank workpiece clamp gripping arm, and each arm can be rotated to support on respectively on pin 28 or 29.There is an elongated opening side of this bell crank, and arm 26 and arm 27 just link at tapping.This elongated perforate part links with pin 25, and when moving up or down with convenient work holder axle 24, arm 26 and arm 27 can be separately rotate around their pin 28 and pin 29.So two arms open or be closed, workpiece is clamped or released.One hydraulic cylinder 38(is housed as shown in Figure 1 above tool-holder shaft 24) and a push rod 39, the 24 one-tenth spatial distribution relations in they and tool-holder shaft.Adorning spring 30 on this push rod 39, and pushed to following time when push rod 39 by hydraulic cylinder 38, spring 30 is compressed.So tool-holder shaft 24 moves down under the effect of this compression spring, the arm 26 and 27 of the crank that opens one's arms.Like this, the workpiece of being clamped by arm has just unclamped.When the axis of the piston pumpback of hydraulic cylinder, under the elastic force effect of spring 30, make push rod 39 be reset to its high position, then work holder axle 24 upwards promotes.So the arm 26 of bell crank and 27 is just closed, both arms are just clamped workpiece.

Now introduce its operating process according to the structure of said apparatus.

During the operation beginning, suppose an amount of grinding-material (being generally acinous) and required some water and polishing agent are housed in the vessel 4.Starter motor 6 makes vessel 4 rotations then.The arm 26 and 27 of bell crank is positioned at the position of holding workpiece 31, and when workpiece 31 was clamped by arm, it was placed in vessel 4 or the grinding-material.So workpiece 31 is subjected to the abrasive action of grinding-material.As previously mentioned, the device of making according to the present invention has two kinds of functions, and the first rotates work holder in vessel, and it two is when the needs holding workpiece or when unclamping workpiece, can control work holder.From clamp an initial procedure of workpiece with bell crank arm 26 and 27, when finishing, from two arms, unclamps grinding operation till last procedure of workpiece, and all available automatic program control of whole operations of being carried out is controlled.Part operation also can be manual.

When a grinding operation finished, gyroaxis 22 was parked in workpiece with on the released position, was positioned at work holder axle top by primer fluid cylinder pressure 38(then) clamp axis 24 is descended.Follow pin shown in Figure 6 25 and descend, it makes bell crank 26 and 27 separated from one another.So workpiece 31 looses from the bell crank arm.This workpiece can be handled (not showing among the figure) with another device, and this device moves on to next step operation to workpiece from grinder.

After aforesaid operations is finished, then another carrier (also not expression among the figure) that is used for carrying workpiece to be ground is transported to new (unprocessed) workpiece position at bell crank arm place, as mentioned above, ground workpiece is just unloaded down from this position.When workpiece had been placed between bell crank arm 26 and 27, the hydraulic cylinder 38 above the pin 25 and then just starts made its piston pumpback.The elastic force effect of compression spring 30 makes tool-holder shaft 24 return back to the high position, then bell crank arm 26 and 27 closures.So workpiece is clamped.After workpiece was clamped by two arms, it was placed within the vessel 4.Motor 14 starts then, drives the gyroaxis rotation, and drives driving wheel 15 and crank arm 17.Crank arm 17 makes tooth bar 19 do forward and backward reciprocating motion then, makes with the pinion 21 of this tooth bar engagement and alternately does the both forward and reverse directions rotation around it self axle.Be installed in the and then rotation of gyroaxis 22 on the pinion, make also rotation together of workpiece 31.

As the example of introducing, the hypothesis workpiece that is ground is pancake (as shown in Figure 6).Under this hypothesis, the direction (vertical) that grinding-material flows and the dead point corresponding (position of crank arm is as shown in Figure 4) of crank arm with the picture of Fig. 6.For the general operation of crank mechanism, well-known, when crank arm is positioned at or during near its dead point, the part that is associated with crank arm during operation presents the slowest motion.For the tooth bar in this example, during at the dead point or near the dead point, its sliding motion is the slowest.So the speed of the clamp axis of the holding workpiece relevant with the tooth bar motion is the slowest.So when workpiece rotates the most lentamente, can make grinding-material longer vertically flow through action time of workpiece planarization.So, can improve the grinding efficiency of workpiece.

When desiring to make a certain gyroaxis 22 when the terminal point of a certain operating time is parked in the position of unloading workpiece, the time that gyroaxis stops can be decided by the other microswitch 33 of rotating shaft hood 13a, microswitch 33 is corresponding with the shelves iron 34 on driving wheel 15 limits, as shown in Figure 4.In this case, as shown in the figure, stop position also can be corresponding with the dead point of crank arm.At the dead point (on the position), when the rotation of grinding driving wheel 15 is the slowest, just can send " stopping " instruction." stop " instruction with this and echo mutually, very accurately stall of driving wheel 15.The influence of the slight error that bell crank arm 26 and 27 stop position will cause in the time of will do not made driving wheel 15 be positioned at stop position.So, also can obtain higher precision in this respect.

In the above-described embodiment, be to make tooth bar do forward and backward reciprocating motion with crank mechanism.In fact the available additive method of the reciprocating motion of tooth bar is realized, as utilizes hydraulic cylinder.Therefore, the present invention is not subjected to the limitation of specific embodiment described herein.In fact, anyly can make the reciprocating additive method of tooth bar, all cover within the scope of the invention.

As what described in detail, the drive unit of the tool-holder shaft of making according to the present invention.Have two main advantages and be better than original structure, device of the present invention can be linked together use with the gyroaxis of rotary type grinder.

At first, the initial point of crank-motion and terminal point (dead point) can tune to corresponding with the long-time surface location that grinds of the needs of workpiece because gyroaxis is minimum in the speed of gyration of these points, grinding-material stream to workpiece should the surface action time just longer.Therefore, regarded the workpiece part that is difficult to grind as in the past, more processing machine meeting just can be arranged.

Secondly, the initial point of crank-motion and terminal point (dead point) also can tune to make this position of stopping of gyroaxis in order to change workpiece corresponding.Based on similar reason, can obtain the highest positioning accuracy.

Though be the present invention to be introduced here at specific most preferred embodiment, should know, in scope and spirit scope of the present invention, can also carry out various changes and improvements.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of drive unit of revolving type grinding machine tool-holder shaft, comprise a plurality of tool-holder shaft that are used for holding workpiece that can move up and down with forward and backward, the a plurality of containers that are used for the splendid attire grinding-material, workpiece on the tool-holder shaft is inserted in the abrasive material, to the surface and the edge of workpiece carrying out attrition process.

It is characterized in that, with bearing above-mentioned tool-holder shaft is supported on the grinder axle box, in above-mentioned axle box, be equipped with: a pinion that is fixed on the above-mentioned tool-holder shaft, a tooth bar that is meshed with this pinion, and a cover drives the reciprocating mechanism that this tooth bar moves back and forth.

2, the feature as the desired revolving type grinding machine of claim 1 piece-holder axial brake device is, reciprocating mechanism comprises a driving wheel and a crank arm, by a motor drives driving wheel rotation that is arranged in the grinder axle box.One end of crank arm is rotatable state with a eccentric position on the above-mentioned driving wheel and connects; Its other end is rotatable state with tooth bar and connects.

3, the feature as the desired revolving type grinding machine of claim 1 piece-holder axial brake device is that a hydraulic cylinder is housed between tooth bar and grinder axle box.

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