CN100502192C - Anti interference method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

Under interferences of multiple overvoltages and electromagnetic interference resources occurred at same time or nonsimultaneous, based on transferred electrical information of object to be protected, as well as sensed and transferred online operating state information of characteristic devices of overvoltage protection, the disclosed method turns on corresponding flush flow channels for discharge threshold voltage automatically. Overvoltage energy in longitudinal and lateral directions is released sufficiently. Thus, characteristic devices of overvoltage protection will not be damaged, and infringement on object to be protected caused by overvoltage, voltage surge and electromagnetic interference resource is prevented and restrained effectively.

Description

Anti-disturbance method and device

Affiliated field

Method and device, lightning protection excess voltage suppressor, noise killer, anti-surge Security Unit, voltage suppressor, the lightning arrester that the present invention relates to that power network, information network, communication network, electric-control system, safeguards system, visible system etc. are wired, the voltage disturbance prevention suppresses in the radio net, electric equipment and have prevention or electric equipment, the device of the multifunctional all that suppresses to disturb.

Technical background

Existing power network, information network, communication network, electric-control system, safeguards system, visible system etc. are wired, in the radio net, electric equipment because electromagnetism is done anti-, voltage surge, the nature thunderbolt has brought great harm to wired, radio net, electric equipment and personal safety.

The lightning arrester of band fuse in the power network; automatic drop type lightning arrester and three-phase and four-pole four stars shape connection; star connection; phase and phase; phase and zero line; phase and ground; holding wire is general to be adopted with the single threshold overvoltage method that the voltage disturbance prevention of drain passageway suppresses of discharging; and work as single phase ground fault; when single-phase unicity overvoltage of touching zero line or holding wire takes place; cause anti-surgesuppressor; the lightning protection excess voltage suppressor; the surge noise killer; anti-surge Security Unit; voltage suppressor; anti-overvoltage surges such as lightning arrester suppress electric equipment and generally adopt overvoltage protection element to lose efficacy or the overload back is adopted it is broken away from protected system voluntarily, then need manually to reply or accident after change the method for device.This type of only anti-single failure, the overvoltage inhibition method of single magnitude of voltage, though can reach the protection effect that the part overvoltage suppresses, but at multiple faults, a plurality of non-whiles of discharge threshold voltage, a situation arises down, as three-phase neutral earthing electrical network because of ground wire open circuit and the one ground connection of joining, when touching the phase line fault, the neutral line follows thunderbolt, and 10KV three-phase ungrounded electric net work is because of the single failure of single-phase earthing, after single discharge threshold voltage causes overvoltage protection element inefficacy or overload, employing breaks away from protected system voluntarily with it, cut off anti-lightning strike originally, the discharge drain passageway of resonance overvoltage energy must cause thunderbolt, the resonance overvoltage energy can't discharge and encroach on the electric of adjacent approach, personal safety; And in, high-voltage arresters etc. adopt by the pressure-sensitive valve block of flat chip and are overlapped into cylindricality, adopt the some contact between the valve block electrode surface, so that the valve block electrode surface burns and decreases during earial drainage, current by pass is impaired, simultaneously also can't perception overvoltage protection element lost efficacy or overload before information of voltage and electric characteristic attribute thereof, the source takes place to analyzing overvoltage in this, the judgement that can whether overvoltage protection element lose efficacy or transshipped and directly put into operation again, and when not knowing that whether high-voltage fence is manually changed under the electriferous state, the person and device security operation are all seemed perfect inadequately; Unreasonable owing to the signal cable connection of information channel, cause that at system operation overvoltage, fault current earth potential rising and thunder and lightning cause interference to suppress and the signal cable insulation of information channel is damaged; Because the adjacent installation of electric equipment, cause crossed fields disturb and cause that signal can't normally transfer, electric field strength and voltage causes insulation to be damaged when distributing serious uneven so that voltage surge; Owing to above-mentioned prevention suppresses the method disturbed and the imperfection of device causes the accident of wired, wireless electrical network, electric equipment, loss of life or personal injury that report is often arranged at home and abroad.

At the electrical network below 600 volts; information network; communication network; electric-control system; safeguards system; visible systems etc. are wired; radio net; in the electric equipment; generally adopt as gas discharge tube; gaseous state gap discharge element or many PN junctions type metal oxide varistors (MOV) such as gap arrester; two ends, half conduits (SA) of forward and reverse characteristic unanimity; the voltage suppressor that solid-state arresting element such as single PN kink avalanche diode (TVS or be called TVP) constitutes; the lightning protection excess voltage suppressor; the voltage disturbance inhibitor; anti-surge Security Unit; prevention such as overvoltage protective device suppresses the electric equipment of interference; its is general adopt overvoltage protection element to lose efficacy or overload after it is broken away from protected system voluntarily, then need manually to reply or accident after change the method for device.Thunderous, wind, rain is current potential raising concomitantly often, power supply neutral line open circuit, transition is vertical, laterally surge accompanies each other when occurring, holding wire occurs industrial frequency AC 220V voltage over the ground and often adopts (PTC current limiting element open circuit in the Security Unit, originally earth-free communication signal line is grounded, to single failure, single superpotential inhibition method prevents that the distributing frame lead from catching fire, switch damages with interior electronic component, and prevented that in fact the distributing frame lead is missing of ignition, but owing to follow appearance multiple vertical, horizontal fault, the overvoltage of a plurality of discharge threshold voltages, the voltage surge of electromagnetic interference source, often cause Security Unit overload and damage, protected switch the large area electron component wear occurs in a big way with interior system, and causes the large tracts of land communicating interrupt; To this kind only to single failure, the method of single inhibition interference voltage and device, though can reach protection effect as part prevention inhibition interference such as preventing that the distributing frame lead from catching fire, but multiple vertical, horizontal fault, under the non-simultaneous situation of a plurality of discharge threshold overvoltage, because the fault that anti-single industrial frequency AC 220V touches holding wire, when single industrial frequency AC 220V discharges the threshold overvoltage, the PTC current limiting element of series connection holding wire is the open circuit of high impedance or the fuse melting silk of series connection holding wire, so that after inefficacy or overload overvoltage protection element break away from protected system voluntarily, multiple vertical, horizontal fault, the non-simultaneous overvoltage energy of a plurality of discharge threshold overvoltage, especially the overvoltage energy that impacts of microsecond level, as the transient over-voltage energy of the earth potential rising of the generation of being struck by lightning, the earth fault voltage energy, can spread to the adjacent system path by the holding wire path of holding wire ground connection, as the stored-program control exchange time switching circuit earial drainage that discharges, thus the electrical equipment that the damages adjacent lanes lower information network of voltage especially, communication network, electric-control system, the stored-program control exchange time switching circuit is pulled middle component wear and is led to communicating interrupt in electronic equipment in the safeguards system such as the communication network, make normally interruption of service of whole former protected program controlled system; Adopt overvoltage protection element to lose efficacy or the overload back is adopted it is broken away from protected system voluntarily, then need manually to reply or accident after change device prevention suppress the method and the device that disturb; And because the transmission signals cable connection of information channel is unreasonable, cause that at system operation overvoltage, fault current earth potential raises and the interference of thunder and lightning and electromagnetic interference source, cause the transmission signals cable to be damaged or the voltage surge of big electric current disturbs and causes that pressure cell damages and can't operate as normal etc., the accident that single anti-disturbance method of this kind and device lead to often has report at home and abroad.

In order to solve above-mentioned perfect inadequately anti-disturbance method and device; goal of the invention provides multiple vertical; horizontal fault; the overvoltage of a plurality of discharge threshold voltages; the interference of electromagnetic interference source is at the same time or under the non-simultaneous situation; can be according to the state information of the protected object electrical information of transmitting and perception or transmission overvoltage protection characteristic device on-line operation; automatically the current by pass of opening corresponding discharge threshold voltage is a Low ESR by high impedance transition; make vertical; the horizontal overvoltage energy earial drainage that discharged fully; the discharge earial drainage finishes the back current by pass and can close from returning to normality again; and can not cause overvoltage protection characteristic device failure; make overvoltage; the infringement that voltage surge and electromagnetic interference source produce protected object obtains improving more effectively prevention or the method that suppresses and is easy to manufacture the more device of Rational structure, makes existing power network; information network; communication network; electric-control system; safeguards system; wired or wireless electrical network such as visible system; electric equipment; personal safety can be avoided the overvoltage surge; electromagnetic interference source; the harm that the nature thunderbolt brings.

Summary of the invention

Main purpose of the present invention provides anti-disturbance method, it can be multiple vertical, horizontal fault, the overvoltage of a plurality of discharge threshold voltages, the interference of electromagnetic interference source is at the same time or under the non-simultaneous situation, can be according to the state information of the protected object electrical information of transmitting and perception or transmission overvoltage protection characteristic device on-line operation, automatically the current by pass of opening corresponding discharge threshold voltage is a Low ESR by high impedance transition, make vertical, the horizontal overvoltage energy earial drainage that discharged fully, discharge earial drainage end back current by pass can be closed from returning to normality again and can not caused overvoltage protection characteristic device failure, makes overvoltage, the infringement that voltage surge and electromagnetic interference source produce protected object is effectively prevented or is suppressed; Utilize the electric current variable in the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly and the threshold discharge voltage at its two ends, keep voltage voltage quantities and discharge time variable be controlled by the voltage quantities of keeping of the voltage drop variable of positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor of tradition with it in parallel or modification or overvoltage protection characteristic device, or be controlled by with it series connection overvoltage protection characteristic device keep voltage quantities, with and the control of prebreakdown current variable, and two devices again can repeated overlapping be born the impact of overvoltage discharging current, be protected mutually, as the member in the means for anti-jamming; Utilized solid-state voltage protection element before the overvoltage discharge, overvoltage discharge process institute correspondence respectively presents resistance, electric capacity, variable resistor back parallel with one another series resistance is the dynamic variation of the equivalent electric circuit of series inductance again, and be rendered as the circuit characteristic of different impedances, i.e. the indulging of solid-state overvoltage protection element before action not, the circuit characteristic that laterally all is capacitive reactances is at vertical overvoltage discharge process, when can not be restorative puncturing since the crystal boundary tunnel effect of solid-state overvoltage protection element its carry over perceptual low-impedance circuit characteristic of vertically being of overvoltage discharge path, and laterally be the circuit characteristic of the capacitive reactances that parameter value changes; Application is resistance, electric capacity, variable resistor back parallel with one another series resistance is the solid-state voltage protection element of mistake of the equivalent electric circuit of the series inductance voltage divider that is in series and constitutes again, its height, the resistance of parametric device in the low-pressure end, same direction takes place in physics electrical quantitys such as the temperature coefficient of voltage simultaneously, constant mechanism of its series connection voltage ratio during same variable quantity, the folded string body of selecting for use the solid-state overvoltage protection element that is same equivalent circuit electrical characteristic to connect, constitute at least two external connection end, also can have at least one intermediary interface or the solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic, realize not only having the overvoltage protection characteristic but also can have the voltage ratio precision of voltage divider, the means for anti-jamming of voltage ratio stability; Behind the element of overvoltage protection characteristic or assembly series connection by at least one, and draw the overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider that at least one centre tap constitutes by the place of being connected in series, when Sui's machine directly or indirectly in the perception means for anti-jamming, the change information that external circuit takes place also satisfies under the certain conditions, can open the discharge threshold interface with at least one set point at least one intermediary interface or at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider or the solid-state voltage divider of overvoltage protection characteristic automatically, guiding is from the overvoltage electric energy of electromagnetic field or circuit, thereby the interference source electric energy discharges by drain passageway and suppresses false signal or overvoltage surge; By the device of the centre tap of voltage divider or technical characteristic or the interface that the transmits related device generation state change information dual shield signal cable line by single-ended bonding draw outward or the voltage divider of directly drawing at least one intermediary interface, its intermediary interface can be respectively, as transmitting the protected object two ends or installing the electrical information interface of self member, detect the whether charged interface in protected object two ends, whether online detection overvoltage protection element and assembly lost efficacy and sent the interface of early warning signal or action command, can set at least one electrical quantity flexibly, set the discharge threshold interface of at least one overvoltage numerical value, can perception the element of overvoltage protection characteristic or assembly overload and temperature rise to the make and break contact interface of the limit, transmit the reflection precision, the linearity, temperature is floated relevant parameter information, export to the interface of ancillary equipment, receive ancillary equipment and send the action command input interface that the corresponding drain passageway of unlatching is discharged; Adopt the whole a plurality of piezo-resistance structural members that are overlapped into cylindrical body by flat of a plurality of gardens that substitute of at least one cylindricality, also can overlapping to change the face contact into overlapping with the point between the flat plate electrode face in original a plurality of piezo-resistances garden contact, with avoid because of the flat plate electrode millet cake contact in a plurality of piezo-resistances garden folded string, cause its electrode surface contact point because of heavy-current discharge is repeatedly burnt, the discharge stream passage effective cross-section of piezo-resistance is impaired; Utilize metal material as screen or distributed capacitance electrode extract relevant information, screen also can be used as improve electric field, electromagnetic field distributes, eliminates or suppresses interference of electromagnetic field source and disturb and cross interference; Utilization is column surface, garden longitudinally along the element and the assembly formation thereof of the voltage protection characteristic of solid polycrystalline circle structure, coated one deck has coated again metal foil electrode behind the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant, after constituting discrete capacitor by two-layer coated metal foil electrode, and draw a centre tap at the metal foil electrode place, constitute at least one centre tap distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider; Can also be again and take over the element of voltage protection characteristic or assembly, also can again and connect electric capacity or again and after connecing the assembly of capacitance-resistance parallel connection by discrete capacitor, and draw a centre tap at the metal foil electrode place, constitute at least one centre tap distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider; Utilization is by at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider, the solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic, the dynamic overvoltage limiter, overvoltage protection characteristic device, the assembly of overvoltage protection characteristic, the marmem thermoswitch, heat-sensitive sensor, temperature-sensitive gap discharge device, the dual shield signal cable of single-ended bonding mode, single core signal cable of single-ended bonding mode, the information coupler, at least one tapped distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider, discrete capacitor, the device of distributed capacitance electrode, adopt at least one device can be respectively and other circuit among the intermediary interface device, screen, or at least one structural member makes up among the insulator at least one device, thereby constitute anti-disturbance method; Also can the integration apparatus that constitute at least one technical characterictic in integrated, as the to have invention anti-interference method in the miscellaneous equipment will be arranged at after at least one technical characterictic is separated respectively, made up in the anti-disturbance method of the present invention according to needs; Can also make have at least one technical characterictic in the anti-interference method of the present invention in addition, parts, product; Be applied on wired or wireless electrical network, the electric equipments such as existing power network, information network, communication network, electric-control system, safeguards system, visible system, in the circuit, make it obtain preventing the method that suppresses to disturb more perfectly, novel unique, rational in infrastructure, and have the usability that is easy to manufacture.

But another object of the present invention be according to foregoing invention anti-interference method commercialization manufacturing, use on the circuit of, radio system wired separately at high-low pressure power transmission and distribution net, AC power, DC power supply, inverter, variable frequency power supply, information network, communication network, electric-control system, safeguards system, visible system etc.; Use also can be connected with power circuit, digital circuit, the analog circuit in the electric equipment; Also can with electric equipment be connected to form integrated, have multi-functional, transmit electrical information, pre-anti-overvoltage, the interference that suppresses overvoltage, anti-electromagnetic interference source, long equipment of life-span; Can also specifically be, in suppressing the interactional screen of adjacent electromagnetic field, or be not subjected in the interactional insulator of adjacent electromagnetic field, in the circuit, can utilize by by at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider, the solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic, the dynamic overvoltage limiter, overvoltage protection characteristic device, the assembly of overvoltage protection characteristic, the marmem thermoswitch, heat-sensitive sensor, temperature-sensitive gap discharge device, the dual shield signal cable of single-ended bonding mode, the information coupler, at least one tapped distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider, discrete capacitor, the distributed capacitance electrode, at least one structure devices among the structure devices of intermediary interface can be respectively and other circuit, screen, or at least one structural member makes up among the insulator at least one device, and its at least one intermediary interface of drawing outward or directly drawing by the device of the centre tap of voltage divider or technical characteristic or the interface that the transmits related device generation state change information dual shield signal cable line by single-ended bonding, its intermediary interface can be respectively, as transmitting the protected object two ends or installing the electrical information interface of self member, detect the whether charged interface in protected object two ends, whether online detection overvoltage protection element and assembly lost efficacy and sent the interface of early warning signal or action command, can set at least one electrical quantity flexibly, set the discharge threshold interface of at least one overvoltage numerical value, can perception the element of overvoltage protection characteristic or assembly overload and temperature rise to the make and break contact interface of the limit, transmit the reflection precision, the linearity, temperature is floated relevant parameter information, export to the interface of ancillary equipment, receive ancillary equipment and send the action command input interface that the corresponding drain passageway of unlatching is discharged; Thereby constitute jamproof device; Also can after at least one technical characterictic is separated respectively, made up in anti-disturbance method of the present invention and the device, be arranged at the integration apparatus that constitutes at least one technical characterictic in integrated, as to have invention anti-disturbance method and the device in the miscellaneous equipment according to needs; Can also make have at least one technical characterictic in anti-disturbance method of the present invention and the device in addition, parts, product; Also can be to constitute to have in anti-disturbance method of the present invention and the device at least one device and separate lightning arrester, the excess voltage suppressor that is constituted respectively; Be applied in above-mentioned equipment, system, the circuit, make equipment, system, circuit prevention suppress to disturb improvement purpose more.

Main purpose anti-interference method of the present invention, it is achieved in that by at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider, the solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic, dynamic overvoltage limiter DVL, overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV, the solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element MOV of cylindricality or tubular integral body, marmem thermoswitch LK, temperature-sensitive gap discharge device TCV, the dual shield signal cable SDL of single-ended bonding mode and single core signal cable (DL), the information coupler, at least one tapped distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider, discrete capacitor Cf, C7 and C8, C9, distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z reaches and all presses metal electrode JB1, after selecting at least one device for use among the device of the technical characterictic device of shielded metal electrode JB2 or transmission relevant information, respectively with circuit, at least one device, overvoltage protection characteristic device R V, heat-sensitive sensor, screen, at least one structural member among the insulator makes up or is electrically connected, can be thereby constitute it multiple vertical, horizontal fault, the overvoltage of a plurality of discharge threshold voltages, the interference of electromagnetic interference source is at the same time or under the non-simultaneous situation, can be according to the state information of the protected object electrical information of transmitting and perception or transmission overvoltage protection characteristic device on-line operation, automatically the current by pass of opening corresponding discharge threshold voltage is a Low ESR by high impedance transition, make vertical, the horizontal overvoltage energy earial drainage that discharged fully, the discharge earial drainage finishes the back current by pass and can close from returning to normality again, and can not cause overvoltage protection characteristic device failure, make overvoltage, the anti-interference method that the infringement that voltage surge and electromagnetic interference source produce protected object is effectively prevented or suppresses; Also can constitute integrated, as to have at least one technical characterictic in the anti-interference method of the present invention integration apparatus in the miscellaneous equipment with being arranged at after at least one technical characterictic is separated respectively, made up in the anti-interference method of the present invention according to needs; Can also make have at least one technical characterictic in the anti-interference method of the present invention in addition, parts, product; Also can be to constitute lightning arrester, excess voltage suppressor with at least one technical characterictic in the anti-interference method of the present invention.

The technical characterictic device is respectively: solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element MOV, the LK of dynamic overvoltage limiter DVL, overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV, cylindricality or tubular integral body or LKS marmem thermoswitch, TCV or LCVS or TCVK or TCVSK temperature-sensitive gap discharge device, distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z reach and all press metal electrode JB1, shielded metal electrode JB2.

The device that transmits relevant information is respectively: by the dual shield signal cable SDL of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider, the solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic, the single-ended bonding mode voltage divider of connecting with single core signal cable (DL), information coupler, at least one tapped distributed capacitance.

Overvoltage protection characteristic device R V: can be respectively overvoltage protection characteristic element or overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV; Its element can be respectively gaseous state or solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element GRV; Gaseous state overvoltage protection characteristic element is respectively gas discharge tube, gaseous state gap discharge element, the variable gaseous state gap discharge element WCV of two ends or three ends; Solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element GRV respectively is, two ends, half conduits (SA) of many PN junctions type metal oxide varistor (MOV), forward and reverse characteristic unanimity, single PN kink avalanche diode (TVS or be called TVP), gaseous state gap many PN junctions type metal oxide varistor.

The assembly ZRV of overvoltage protection characteristic is the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V of at least one discharge threshold voltage, and it is respectively: the assembly after semistor PTC and at least one the overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series; semistor PTC and assembly after at least one the overvoltage protection characteristic element at least two overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series is in parallel; semistor PTC and overvoltage protection characteristic element assembly in parallel; overvoltage protection characteristic device R V respectively with TCV or LCVS or TCVK or TCVSK temperature-sensitive gap discharge device; overvoltage protection characteristic device R V respectively with LK or the combined assembly of LKS marmem thermoswitch; semistor PTC with after at least one the overvoltage protection characteristic element at least two overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series is in parallel again with overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series after assembly.Semistor PTC can be traditional positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element, also can be positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element of modification; The positive temperature coefficient of modification (PTC) thermistor element is to utilize a resistance and traditional positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element method in parallel; draft greater than being the characteristic of cut-offfing that higher limit that step change type μ s level is changed to high impedance only equals parallel resistor value with it behind the Curie-point temperature; and resistance time response of recovering is slow decline and obtains accelerating; be that resistance foreshortens to μ s level response characteristic recovery time, and draft the higher limit of a resistance as high impedance; be used for keeping modification positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element of the overvoltage protection characteristic device prebreakdown current of connecting with modification positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element.Utilize traditional positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element, from normal temperature its Low ESR near Curie-point temperature the time be change more slowly but greater than ms level rate of change altar greatly to more than the hundred Europe levels, greater than being the characteristic of cut-offfing that its high impedance of step change type μ s level rate of change can reach tens of megaohms behind the Curie-point temperature, utilize the non-linear step change type changes in resistance current response characteristic of operate time, it is that resistance is spent response characteristic gently greater than 20ms and the voltage-current characteristic that is slow decline that the action back keeps applying resistance recovers under the magnitude of voltage time response; Also utilize traditional positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element under the Curie temperature state, when flowing through big electric current, can't be high impedance within the time or open circuit only presents low-impedance current path characteristic at 1ms; The assembly of overvoltage protection characteristic, positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element that employing is low-resistance is with to be high impedance overvoltage protection characteristic device in parallel, be close to and pass by voltage protection characteristic device and cause shunting, and positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element flows through behind the big electric current its resistance and becomes the big voltage drop that produces and reach greater than the needed time of threshold voltage, control the above discharging action electric current of overvoltage protection characteristic device hundreds of A in parallel with it and even KA, and the impulse sparkover voltage impact coefficient that reduces overvoltage protection characteristic device in parallel with it, chargeability, mild degree of voltage-current characteristic and power consumption temperature rise; Conversely, utilize the voltage of keeping of overvoltage protection characteristic device also to claim residual voltage again as the action lower current or non-operating current, operate time and the operating voltage that limit positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element in parallel with it; Positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element and overvoltage protection characteristic device can repeated overlapping be born the impulse current that overvoltage is discharged again.Also can utilize the resistance method in parallel to draft greater than being the characteristic of cut-offfing that higher limit that step change type μ s level is changed to high impedance only equals parallel resistor value with it behind the Curie-point temperature with positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element; and resistance time response of recovering is slow decline and obtains accelerating; be modification positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element that resistance foreshortens to μ s level response characteristic recovery time, to draft a resistance is used for keeping the overvoltage protection characteristic device of connecting with modification positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element as the higher limit of high impedance prebreakdown current.In like manner, can also use with positive temperature coefficient (PTC) the thermistor element parallel connection of the tradition of different action lower current more than two or modification positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element as a modification.Above operating current and the delay voltage time of this overvoltage protection characteristic device hundreds of A and even KA is controlled by tradition or modification positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element; the electric current variable in the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly of being contained and the threshold discharge voltage at its two ends; keep voltage voltage quantities and discharge time variable be controlled by the voltage quantities of keeping of the voltage drop variable of positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor of tradition with it in parallel or modification or overvoltage protection characteristic device; or be controlled by with it series connection overvoltage protection characteristic device keep voltage quantities; with and the control of prebreakdown current variable; and two devices again can repeated overlapping be born the impact of overvoltage discharging current; be protected mutually, as the member in the means for anti-jamming.The typical operation of overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV is: at the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV of low V circuit two ends parallel connection; employing by semistor PTC with to overvoltage protection characteristic device R V1 parallel connection again with assembly after overvoltage protection characteristic device R V2 connects; the discharge threshold voltage aV of the overvoltage protection characteristic device in parallel with semistor; it keeps voltage V '; the dynamic electric resistor value is positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element of TR and semistor PTC after resistance R is in parallel; the discharge threshold voltage bV of the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V2 that is in series with semistor PTC; it keeps voltage V ＂; for the U internal resistance circuit two ends overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV in parallel of r with low pressure; when there is a discharge overvoltage V in its two ends; this moment aV+V ＂＜V＜aV+bV; the overvoltage discharging current also is called the flow through drain passageway of the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V2 that connects with positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element of initial current I; at this moment initial current I is I greater than the operating current I ' of positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element and greater than 1mA〉I '〉1mA; the discharge threshold voltage bV that the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V2 of series connection is Low ESR and its two ends is clamped on and keeps voltage V ＂; the initial current I voltage that the positive temperature coefficient temperature-sensitive PTC that is Low ESR TR produced of flowing through is reduced to I * TR * R/TR+R greater than aV; so the discharge overvoltage V at low pressure U circuit two ends is by clamp; be that (I * TR * R/TR+R)+V ＂ is low-impedance positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element and goes through its impedance of t ' time with Q=0.24 * I because of flowing through action resistance TR V= ²The caloric value of * TR * t '; make the impedance of thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient rise to switch resistance Rc near the Curie-point temperature Tc voltage drop I ' of the thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient electric current I that is big impedance TR ' produced * (TR * R/TR+R) and the aV＜I ' * (TR * R/TR+R)＜aV+bv that flows through at this moment apace; and make the overvoltage protection characteristic device RV1 in parallel with positive temperature coefficient temperature-sensitive (PTC) resistive element by high impedance μ s level in the time transition be that Low ESR is promptly opened hundreds of A and even the above overvoltage leakage current of KA path; current path has been amplified more than the hundred times; and make that the thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient voltage drop I ' that has generated heat with it in parallel * (TR * R/TR+R) is clamped at V '; cause I ' to drop to I ＂ in the time in μ s level; make that I ＂ * (I ' * (TR * R/TR+R)/(I ＂ * (TR * R/TR+R) has doubly been dwindled in the voltage drop of TR * R/TR+R); U=V '+V ＂, the overvoltage discharging current that making flows through is the thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient of big impedance is shunted by the overvoltage protection characteristic device RV1 Low ESR in parallel with semistor; and make that the electric current I of thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient with it in parallel ' to be limited in I ＂ be I ＂＜I ' by the voltage V ' that keeps of RV1; this moment, the caloric value of I ＂=V ' ÷ TR thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient dropped to Q '=0.24 * (I ＂) ²* TR * t ' make the big pace of change of resistance value TR altar also Sui decline and slow down, in parallel with thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient and be low-impedance overvoltage protection characteristic device and carry out overvoltage discharge after going through t ＂, thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient and overvoltage protection characteristic device repeated overlapping wheel was gone through t when alternating voltage zero-crossing circuit both end voltage still was higher than bv " ' carry out the overvoltage discharge; so that the temperature rise altar that generates heat is big; the repeated overlapping wheel is gone through t " ' carry out the overvoltage discharge after, the resistance value TR that can be provided with thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient this moment can return near the flex point switch resistance Rc near Curie-point temperature Tc lentamente, and electric current is I greater than its prebreakdown current among the RV2 " ' 〉=during 1mA; the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V1 of two series connection; RV2 is when bearing overvoltage; be the course of action of Low ESR short-circuit condition when keeping breakdown and periodic duty also can be provided with resistance R 〉=TR and R〉Rc; make among the RV2 electric current less than its prebreakdown current I " ' time, overvoltage can't make the breakdown course of action that is the high impedance open circuit of the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V2 that connects with semistor, when after this going through t ＂ ＂ again the TR resistance value returning to switch resistance Rc near Curie-point temperature Tc after the time, then repeat again abovely when overvoltage, to keep the breakdown course of action that is the Low ESR short circuit to carry out above periodic duty again; The resistance value TR of thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient is reverted to low-impedance slow variation characteristic, is made RV1 in parallel with it be obtained mild property improvement, be easier to more rational insulation coordination by the voltage-current characteristic that Low ESR reverts to the precipitous transition speed of μ s level of high impedance by high impedance; Can be set in the resistance set point of the resistance R that operating current or non-operating current scope or change and positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element be in parallel according to the I ＂ electric current of the thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient of flowing through respectively or utilize temperature-sensitive gap discharge device or marmem thermoswitch or thermoswitch performance device, decide and go through t " ' back with low pressure for the U internal resistance be the circuit two ends of r overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV in parallel be the high impedance open-circuit condition, still be the Low ESR short circuit keep voltage to satisfy the needs of different preventing surge protection method; " ' the time period; has one during; the dynamic overvoltage limiter is by the t ' that delays time; t ＂; t because greater than t '+t ＂+t than the low threshold overvoltage " ' time sequencing suppresses overvoltage, overvoltage protection characteristic assembly is opened current by pass and is discharged carrying out restricted magnitude of current continuity by positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element in t ' time period in t ' time period, in the t ＂ time period, do not carry out by overvoltage protection characteristic device R V1 in the passage in parallel and to discharge under the limited current state with positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element, and positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element and overvoltage protection characteristic device R V1 continue repeated overlapping always and take turns to operate, intersect the t that takes turns to operate " RV1 and RV2 can be designed as and cut off discharge and let out passage and be high impedance and open a way after ' the time period; also can be designed as and intersect the t that takes turns to operate " after ' time period RV1 and RV2 do not cut off that discharge lets out that passage is Low ESR and short circuit just make so that the positive temperature coefficient of load (PTC) thermistor element and overvoltage protection characteristic device R V1 and RV2 can be because of long-time overvoltage existence under loaded-up condition, RV1 and RV2 produce overheated and punch through damage in the assembly of voltage protection characteristic; Can design positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor and overvoltage protection characteristic element assembly in parallel by tradition or modification for this reason; the positive temperature coefficient of tradition or modification (PTC) thermistor with after overvoltage protection characteristic element is in parallel again with overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series after assembly; after the positive temperature coefficient of tradition or modification (PTC) thermistor and the overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series again with overvoltage protection characteristic element assembly in parallel; formation is with upper flow prescribe a time limit after the pressure limiting not current limliting but pressure limiting in limited time; continuity always intersects and to take turns to operate and carry out and do not interrupt the job order of discharging for a long time, also can constitute with upper flow prescribe a time limit after the pressure limiting not current limliting but the ground of pressure limiting in limited time intersect take turns to operate after; a period of time interrupts repeating the earial drainage discharge again after the discharge; implementation has time limit ground to interrupt the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV of job order of discharge as the member in the means for anti-jamming.

It is the electric current variable in the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly and the threshold discharge voltage at its two ends that dynamic overvoltage limiter DVL also can utilize the operation principle of overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV, keep the voltage quantities of voltage and positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor voltage that discharge time, variable was controlled by tradition in parallel with it or modification variable falls keep voltage quantities or be controlled by series connection with it overvoltage protection characteristic device keep voltage quantities with and the impact of again can repeated overlapping bearing the overvoltage discharging current of the control method of prebreakdown current variable and two devices be protected mutually, as the member in the means for anti-jamming; For this reason can be by overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV and the circuit integration member that is constituted after overvoltage protection characteristic device R V is in parallel; overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV one end is connected the circuit integration member that the back is constituted with the centre tap of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider; assembly ZRV one end of overvoltage protection characteristic is connected the circuit integration member that the back is constituted with the intermediary interface of the overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of at least one intermediary interface; can also be by at least one overvoltage protection characteristic device R V; at least one tradition or modification semistor PTC; two relevant connection ends of at least a structural member among at least one overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider arrangement part are gone here and there; device DVL in the dynamic overvoltage limiter that the circuit integration member that constituted afterwards in parallel is constituted, it has at least two different threshold overvoltage; the electric current of at least one threshold discharge drain passageway or open in check overvoltage limiter wherein.

The solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element metal oxide piezo-resistance body MOV of cylindricality or tubular integral body: promptly non-linear metal oxide piezo-resistance MOV is for satisfying voltage levels discharge threshold voltage, the needs of heavy-current discharge, can adopt at least one cylindricality integral body or tubulose integral metal oxide piezo-resistance body MOV structural member, also can adopt flat of the garden of a plurality of low-voltage grades discharge threshold voltages, encircle flat and overlap cylindrical body, tubulose integral body, helicoid, adopt surface contact structure between the electrode surface of each metal oxide piezoresistive wafer MOV, substitute tradition and adopt metal oxide piezoresistive wafer electrode surface point-contact junction structure mode; An electrodes in contact face is burnt when avoiding heavy-current discharge, and cause the current by pass of the network-like distribution among the metal oxide piezo-resistance body MOV and the effective contact-making surface of piezo-resistance body electrode surface impaired, bear the working life of discharge to prolong solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element metal oxide piezo-resistance MOV, at point contact electrode face place owing to the quantity of electric charge causes that at the place of burning intensive the altar of this place's electric field strength is strong, can cause dielectric electrical breakdown herein when altar is strong when critical; The lightning arrester or the piezoelectric voltage inhibitor that are made of solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element metal oxide piezo-resistance the body MOV and the related accessories of a cylindricality or a tubular integral body not only have good electric property, bending strength and uniqueness simple in structure, have prolonged useful life; At least one device in the member that has in the anti-interference method of the present invention can also be separated the metal oxide piezo-resistance body MOV parts of the solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element metal oxide piezo-resistance body MOV that constituted, cylindricality or tubular solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic respectively and be formed jamproof lightning arrester or excess voltage suppressor product by cylindricality or tubular solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element metal oxide piezo-resistance MOV body.

Utilized solid-state voltage protection element before the overvoltage discharge, overvoltage discharge process institute correspondence respectively presents resistance, electric capacity, variable resistor back parallel with one another series resistance is the dynamic variation of the equivalent electric circuit of series inductance again, and be rendered as the circuit characteristic of different impedances, i.e. the indulging of solid-state overvoltage protection element before action not, the circuit characteristic that laterally all is capacitive reactances is at vertical overvoltage discharge process, when can not be restorative puncturing since the crystal boundary tunnel effect of solid-state overvoltage protection element its carry over perceptual low-impedance circuit characteristic of vertically being of overvoltage discharge path, and laterally still be capacitive reactances but circuit characteristic that parameter value changes; Vertically be higher than that the overvoltage discharge process is carried out in discharge during threshold voltage or when can not self-reparability puncturing at it, because the inner boundary layer on principal crystalline phase (as the zinc oxide) crystal grain of metal oxide piezo-resistance body inside and surface thereof is into network-like distribution with the insulation grain boundary layer, metal oxide piezoresistive wafer and column that folded string constitutes thereof vertically, the voltage that adds surpass the metal oxide piezoresistive wafer and fold go here and there when constituting the longitudinal discharge threshold voltage of column, must the postpone crystal boundary tunnel of vertical externally-applied potential difference direction of the direction of its puncture constitutes the current by pass effect, and radially do not constitute the current by pass effect; Utilization is rendered as corresponding impedance circuit under different working voltage conditions, with and the set of devices of different impedance circuit and different technologies characteristic merge relevant intermediary interface be set, can constitute can perception electric weight, electromagnetic field intensity change information and can suppress or prevent superpotential device.

Its intermediary interface: be the intermediary interface of drawing outward or directly drawing by the device of the centre tap of above-mentioned voltage divider or above-mentioned technical characteristic or the information of the transmitting related device generation state variation dual shield signal cable line SOL by single-ended bonding; it can be respectively; as transmitting the protected object two ends or installing the electrical information interface of self member; detect the whether charged interface in protected object two ends; whether online detection overvoltage protection characteristic device R V lost efficacy and sent the interface of early warning signal or action command; can set at least one parameter flexibly; set the discharge threshold interface of at least one overvoltage numerical value; can perception the element of overvoltage protection characteristic or assembly overload and temperature rise to the make and break contact interface of the limit; transmit the reflection precision; the linearity; temperature such as floats at the interface that relevant parameter information is exported to ancillary equipment, and ancillary equipment sends the receiving interface of opening the action command that corresponding drain passageway discharges.

Temperature-sensitive gap discharge device TCV: can constitute, can also be provided with again the switch electric contact and constitute by the movable insulating bar that the variable gaseous state gap discharge element WCV of series connection among the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V constitutes, also can be provided with again the band color marker; Variable gaseous state gap discharge element WCV mainly is made of structural member that adopts marmem and the discharge sheet that can change discharge sheet air gap; It is to be made of marmem (SMA) sheet less than radius of a ball concave, convex shape for the structural member of marmem, it can direct or indirect contacted voltage protection characteristic device, come perception overvoltage protection characteristic element or its overload of assembly or inefficacy and temperature rise during to a certain limiting temperature, and the marmem of concave, convex shape (SMA) sheet causes plastic deformation protruding, concave shape during to a certain limit because of temperature rise; Utilize recessed, the marmem of convex form (SMA) sheet returns to the protruding of typing at high temperature, during concave shape, plastic displacement that is produced and actuating force drive the discharge sheet by the movable insulating bar of being with color marker and change the gas discharge clearance distance, the switch contact on off operating mode brings the gap discharge device distance of the element or the assembly of automatic change overvoltage protection characteristic, the switch contact break-make, the clearance distance displacement changes recover certainly or the indication of manual reset constitute chargeability low can be from discharge more than two the low residual voltage of threshold voltage set point of motion tracking, long-life overvoltage protection characteristic device; Temperature-sensitive gap discharge device TCV can be respectively that temperature-sensitive gap discharge device, the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device of TCVK belt switch contact, the TCVSK that TCVS drives the do indication drives the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device of making indication and make and break contact.

Marmem thermoswitch LK: be by marmem (SMA) sheet, electric contact less than the concave, convex shape of the radius of a ball, the marmem of concave, convex shape (SMA) sheet can constitute by direct or indirect contacted voltage protection characteristic device; When marmem (SMA) the sheet perception overvoltage protection characteristic device of concave, convex shape is to the utmost point prescribed a time limit because of the overload temperature rise, the marmem of concave, convex shape (SMA) sheet causes plastic deformation protruding, spill during to a certain limit because of temperature rise; Utilize recessed, the marmem of convex form (SMA) sheet returns to the protruding of typing at high temperature, during concave shape, plastic displacement that is produced and actuating force, movable insulating bar by the band color marker is indicated, driving electric contact by movable insulating bar takes place logical, the overvoltage protection characteristic switching device that recovery certainly that disconnected two states and state change or manual reset are instructed in one, switch is logical, at least one pair of electric contact of disconnected two states can directly be drawn or is connected with at least two positions in the circuit, also can draw outward, as the corresponding intermediary interface of automatic control by signal conductor in the dual shield signal cable of single-ended bonding mode; Marmem thermoswitch LK can be respectively the overvoltage protection characteristic switching device LKS that can automatically reset overvoltage protection characteristic switching device LK, be with manual reset to indicate.

Adopt the single-ended bonding mode of dual shield signal cable SDL and single core signal cable (DL), be to adopt the paired of mutually insulated or many signal conductor (abbreviation holding wire) is filled coated screen (abbreviation internal shield) back behind one deck dielectric, recharged the signal cable (being called for short paired or many to single signal shielding cable) of one deck insulating medium layer, the signal cable of coated again one deck insulating medium layer abbreviates the dual shield signal cable as after outside paired or many insulating medium layers to single signal shielding cable screen (abbreviation outer shielding layer) being set again; In the two ends of dual shield signal cable, signal conductor one end is connected with the quilt number of delivering a letter (being signal end or sensor side) as the quilt input of the number of delivering a letter, the outer shielding layer of this end is single-ended to be connected with ground wire 1 (being signal ground) as by the input of the number of delivering a letter shielding ground, and the other end signal conductor of dual shield signal cable and acknowledge(ment) signal end are that the input interface end of equipment is connected as the quilt output of the number of delivering a letter (promptly being subjected to electric instrument box end), internal shield in this end dual shield signal cable is single-ended to be connected as being shielded ground by the output of the number of delivering a letter with ground wire 2 (being instrument ground); Mutually insulated is in order to prevent to constitute current circuit, prevent or weaken external magnetic field, electric field and interference of electromagnetic field source (overvoltage that causes epd comprising thunderbolt, the system failure is disturbed) interference effect to the information of signal wire transmits between the inside and outside screen of employing dual shield signal cable; Adopt screen outer, interior mutually insulated corresponding respectively signal end be sensor side ground connection with instrument box end ground connection; Outer shielding layer ground connection, be to utilize the external disturbance electromagnetic field in outer shielding layer, to produce eddy current, the polarity of the magnetic field that its eddy current produces is opposite with interfere with electromagnetic field polarity, after making interfere with electromagnetic field counteracting or decay, by being constituted the outer shielding layer ground connection of distributed capacitance electrode with object correlation, can cause the electromagnetic field field intensity in interference of electromagnetic field source to be close to road ground connection and short circuit by signal ground, internal shield ground connection, be to utilize outside the external disturbance electromagnetic field field intensity warp, electromagnetic field field intensity after the interior two-layer weakening is by instrument box termination instrument ground, and outside the pseudo-band information ripple of signal wire transmits passes through, in be close to road ground connection behind two screen different frequency bands passages, make the true information of signal wire transmits obtain the channel transfer of maximum fidelity; The epd overvoltage of its overvoltage protection characteristic device R V who is high resistant or open circuit when losing efficacy simultaneously also can be between internal shield and outer shielding layer in parallel to suppress to cause owing to thunder and lightning or the system failure; Outward, internal shield can adopt at least a material in the material of metal deferent, metal knitted net, metal or aluminium polyester film, conductive metal ion coating to constitute for cable according to the power in interference of electromagnetic field source, can adopt the shell of electric conducting material for element, assembly, the casing that can adopt metal material to make for equipment; Make signal in transmission course, obtain maximum anti-interference inhibition; Single-ended shielding layer grounding at single core signal cable (DL), be after the logical coupling capacitor C 1 of single core signal conductor terminal string tape splicing, to draw the output of terminals as the end signal data wire, be close to road ground connection after making the frequency band passage of pseudo-band information ripple by the screen distributed capacitance of signal wire transmits, suppress the unipolarity overvoltage and seal in making; Simultaneously can parallel connection between single core signal conductor terminal and ground connection PE place by traditional semistor overvoltage protection characteristic device of connecting; also can be in parallel one its be the overvoltage protection characteristic device of high resistant or open circuit when losing efficacy; make the overvoltage and the interference of electromagnetic field source overvoltage of single, double polarity obtain clamp, single core signal cable electromagnetic interference in transmission signal process of composition data transmission channel obtains the more inhibition of Cui.

Information coupler: (solid post outside the surface, garden of the column that constitutes along the folded string of the overvoltage protection characteristic element metal oxide piezoresistive wafer MOV of solid polycrystalline circle structure or the overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider column of metal oxide piezo-resistance body MOV column or metal oxide piezo-resistance MOV or the non-equipotential column of high impedance, open tubular column all abbreviates post as), coated one deck has coated again distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z behind the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant, by constituting discrete capacitor between coated distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z and the column, this discrete capacitor is as the information coupler; Because metal oxide principal crystalline phase crystal grain is into network-like distribution with grain boundary layer (also claiming rich bismuth layer) in the solid polycrystalline circle structure of metal oxide piezo-resistance body, its equivalent electric circuit can be considered the resistance and the network-like string of capacity cell of some, the back that is electrically connected in parallel constitutes high-impedance resistors, electric capacity, variable resistor back parallel with one another series resistance is the equivalent electric circuit of series inductance again, constitutes discrete capacitor between coated distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z and the cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistive element, its equivalent electric circuit can be considered and is resistance, electric capacity, variable resistor back parallel with one another series resistance is the equivalent electric circuit of series inductance again; Distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z can be used as the partial discharge information of insulating barrier and cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistive element body inside, and cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistive element is inner vertical, radial solid polycrystalline circle structure changes and cause that the electrical quantity of resistance value, capacitance, inductance value in its equivalent electric circuit produces the information of respective change, and the coupling output of the system's electrical information that is connected with column; Because the equivalent electric circuit of metal oxide piezoresistive wafer can be considered the resistance and the network-like string of capacity cell of some, the equivalent electric circuit that is electrically connected the back formation in parallel, so vertically reaching in the equivalent electric circuit that is radially constituted of coated distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z and cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistive element, it is vertical, when radial solid polycrystalline circle becomes the principal crystalline phase crystal grain of network-like distribution and grain boundary layer to change, and cause that it is vertical, resistance value radially, capacitance, corresponding variation also takes place in the electrical quantity of inductance value, and owing to principal crystalline phase crystal grain and grain boundary layer change the effective length of the length that causes distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z and cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistive element garden length surface when changing, distributed capacitance C7, the capacitance of C8 also can change, the mechanism of utilizing equivalent electric circuit and electrical quantity thereof to change can detect the electric field strength value of differing heights in the column height degree and the variable quantity of electric weight judges whether cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistive element ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS takes place, whether continue to come into operation, make and disturb overvoltage to obtain prevention and to suppress.

Discrete capacitor: be by distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z and be filled with between the shielded metal foil electrode JB2 of certain dielectric constant dielectric or distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z and be filled with certain dielectric constant dielectric all press between the metal electrode JB1 or shielded metal foil electrode JB2 respectively and be filled with the discrete capacitor that is constituted between the column of certain dielectric constant dielectric.

At least one centre tap distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider: (solid post outside the surface, garden of the column that constitutes along the folded string of the overvoltage protection characteristic element metal oxide piezoresistive wafer MOV of solid polycrystalline circle structure or the overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider column of metal oxide piezo-resistance body MOV column or metal oxide piezo-resistance MOV or the non-equipotential column of high impedance, open tubular column all abbreviates post as), after being filled with the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant, behind the coated distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z, after being filled with the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant, coated again shielded metal foil electrode JB2, by distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z and be filled with that institute constitutes discrete capacitor between the column of dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant, and by after constituting discrete capacitor between coated distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z and the shielded metal foil electrode JB2, and draw a centre tap at distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z place, constitute the discrete capacitor voltage divider; The equivalent electric circuit of series inductance is with after connect again less than the low field operation zone electrical characteristic of prebreakdown current and by the resistance that is presented, electric capacity, variable resistor back parallel with one another series resistance by the discrete capacitor voltage divider at operating current for the metal oxide piezo-resistance body MOV that utilizes solid polycrystalline circle structure, and formation is by being resistance, electric capacity, the variable resistor series resistance afterwards parallel with one another equivalent electric circuit of the series inductance voltage divider of connecting with the discrete capacitor voltage divider again; Column one end is connected with high-pressure side, column other end earth connection or indirect earthed, constitute again by the equivalent electric circuit of column and discrete capacitor voltage divider connect, have at least one tapped voltage divider and the folded string of metal oxide piezoresistive wafer column or with the metal oxide piezo-resistance be column or parallel with one another with the equivalent electric circuit that is column or the non-equipotential column of high impedance of the overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of metal oxide piezo-resistance or indirect in parallel after, constitute at least one tapped distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider; Also can be between distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z and shielded metal foil electrode JB2, and meet the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V of metal oxide piezo-resistance body, also can again and connect electric capacity or again and connect relevant components and parts, adjust in the different frequency division passages of at least one tapped distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider voltage ratio and improve the voltage ratio accuracy; The electrical information that the centre tap of being drawn by the distributed capacitance metal foil electrode place of at least one tapped distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider can be used for transmitting at least one bandwidth can be respectively, be delivered in the voltage wave information of the overvoltage when discharge discharge of high amplitude, transmit inherent different low of the piezo-resistance body of polycrystalline circle structure, in, the equivalent electric circuit that high electric field region presented with and the information that changes of circuit parameter, transmit indulging in the column, radial solid polycrystalline circle structure change or column in the earial drainage that discharges, the information of voltage of partial discharge, and it is proportional at low electric field region, transmit the working voltage of the protected object that is connected with column without distortion, the complete ripple electrical information of voltage of certain bandwidth is transmitted whether its charged voltage value information of electriferous state of protected object; Discrete capacitor voltage divider series connection have the non-equipotential column of parallel with one another with the column equivalent electric circuit or the indirect high impedance in parallel of at least one tapped voltage divider, it is respectively, the series connection voltage divider of lightning arrester, excess voltage suppressor, the solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic, other electric elements; The centre tap of the solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic wherein; the electrical information that can be used for transmitting at least one bandwidth can be respectively: the current wave information of discharge when being delivered in the overvoltage discharge of high amplitude; vertical solid polycrystalline circle structure changes in the piezo-resistance body of transmission polycrystalline circle structure; be delivered in different low; in; the equivalent electric circuit that high electric field region presented with and the change information of circuit parameter or column in the earial drainage that discharges; the information of voltage of partial discharge and proportional at low electric field region; transmission or proportional without distortion; certain phase shift ground transmits the working voltage of the protected object that is connected with column; the electrical information of certain complete ripple of bandwidth voltage; transmit whether its charged voltage value of electriferous state of protected object; transmit the earth fault electrical information ripple of non_direct ground electric power system, transmit the residual voltage intelligence wave.Transmit the protected object electrical information and transmit the state information of overvoltage protection characteristic device on-line operation at least one tapped distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider, can constitute single-phase type drop type lightning arrester, the three-phase type drop type lightning arrester that can transmit electrical information; Can also heat-sensitive sensor be set, be used for transmitting the online state of temperature information of column, be used for monitoring the operation of voltage divider resistive element and proofread and correct voltage ratio and float the error that causes because of temperature pressing close to column cold end vicinity simultaneously to improve the voltage ratio accuracy; Can also be outside the structure of at least one centre tap distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider coated again one deck the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant arranged after, coatedly more all press metal electrode JB1, shielded metal foil electrode JB2 and shielded metal foil electrode JB2 ground connection, can improve that the electric field strength of field domain around the column of its encirclement distributes and the uniformity of voltage field strength distribution, improve limited thickness insulation property, can weaken or eliminate adjacent electric field cross interference, can improve the antijamming capability of the distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider of its encirclement.

The solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic: by at least two solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic devices (also can be metal oxide piezo-resistance body MOV) series connection back and in the middle of it connects the place draw at least one centre tap and constitute the solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic; Utilize solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element body in; metal oxide (as zinc oxide) principal crystalline phase crystal grain and grain boundary layer (also claiming rich bismuth layer) are into the polycrystalline circle structure of network-like distribution; principal crystalline phase crystal grain is the low resistance body; the insulation grain boundary layer that surrounds metal oxide (as zinc oxide) principal crystalline phase crystal grain is the electric capacity by high dielectric constant; the high impedance variable resistor; the circuit structure that leakage current resistance is parallel with one another and form network-like electrical connection; the metal oxide piezo-resistance body of polycrystalline circle structure is to be resistance; electric capacity; variable resistor back series connection parallel with one another low resistance is the equivalent electric circuit of series inductance again; the column that also utilizes metal oxide piezo-resistance body or metal oxide piezoresistive wafer MOV (being solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element) to constitute; before the overvoltage discharge; at its operating current of low field operation zone that is lower than the discharge threshold voltage during less than prebreakdown current; be rendered as electric capacity; the high impedance variable resistor; leakage current resistance back series connection parallel with one another low resistance is the equivalent electric circuit electrical characteristic of series inductance again; it vertically is resistance also to utilize metal oxide piezo-resistance body; electric capacity; variable resistor back parallel with one another series resistance is the equivalent electric circuit of series inductance again; after being electrically connected in series; after at least one centre tap is drawn in the junction of two equivalent electric circuit series connection, constitute the series connection voltage divider.The top of series connection voltage divider is connected with protected object one end, end is connected with the object of protection other end or does not hold ground connection, voltage divider is when being lower than the discharge threshold voltage, because the capacitive reactances of metal oxide piezo-resistance is linear static volt ampere, and the resistance of voltage divider, electric capacity, variable resistor back parallel with one another series resistance is again in the equivalent electric circuit of series inductance, its temperature coefficient of resistance, same direction takes place in physics electrical quantitys such as voltage temperature coefficient simultaneously, during same variable quantity, its series connection voltage ratio remains unchanged, so the centre tap of series connection voltage divider can ratio transmit the information of voltage at protected object two ends; The centre tap end of series connection voltage divider with do not hold between, in the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V in parallel, related device in parallel again, be used for adjusting the solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic, in different frequency division passages voltage ratio, with improve the voltage ratio accuracy, and adjust the transmission voltage phase place in advance or fall behind displacement; Can also near the voltage divider resistive element cold end of pressing close to connect, heat-sensitive sensor be set and be used for transmitting online state of temperature information, thereby be used for monitoring that the temperature rising state of voltage divider resistive element operation and correction voltage ratio float the error raising voltage ratio accuracy that causes because of temperature; When being higher than that discharge is carried out under the threshold voltage in the overvoltage discharge process or can not self-reparability puncture, because principal crystalline phase (as the zinc oxide) crystal grain of the inner polycrystalline circle structure of metal oxide piezo-resistance body and the inner boundary layer on surface thereof are into network-like distribution with the insulation grain boundary layer, when the voltage of vertical externally-applied potential difference direction of column surpasses the discharge threshold voltage, the direction of its puncture vertical externally-applied potential difference direction that must postpone, it is perceptual low-impedance circuit characteristic in crystal boundary tunnel longitudinally, and does not radially constitute the current by pass effect, it is the circuit characteristic that is the capacitive reactances that parameter value changes; The crystal boundary tunnel is perceptual low-impedance circuit characteristic longitudinally, be since vertically grain boundary layer high impedance variable resistor change into low-impedance resistance, connect afterwards, again with the low resistance series connection of host crystal body longitudinally and form after becoming the formed inductance of network-like mobile current by pass by vertical; Piezo-resistance column vertical two ends parallel connection of protected object and the voltage divider of connecting, overvoltage discharge earial drainage is by perceptual Low ESR bypass, when discharge earial drainage or grounding shunt discharge earial drainage, cause and flow through the voltage wave peak value of discharging current in the voltage drop that vertical two ends produce of the folded string of column body, be ahead of the discharging current crest value, and the steeper leading displacement of voltage wave peak value that it produces voltage drop of current wave rising edge is healed big, thereby cause the shape of the voltage wave waveform of voltage waveform that the vertical both end voltage of column folded string body falls and vertical link and discharging current ripple different, also homophase not of phase place simultaneously, the alternation or the frequency of amplitude of the voltage wave waveform of its voltage drop are constant; So can not hold according to the centre tap end and the voltage divider of the solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic; transmit in the current signal waveform feature of vertical overvoltage discharge and the overvoltage discharge process or be rendered as perceptual low-impedance circuit feature when losing efficacy; and being lower than under the discharge threshold voltage feature of transfer overvoltage signal waveform and voltage divider it vertically is rendered as the circuit feature of capacitive reactances; can judge: the information of voltage at protected object two ends and whether overvoltage thereof; the overvoltage number of times; and the status flag of piezo-resistance body on-line operation; the analytical voltage surge; the source electric attribute takes place in overvoltage; whether metal oxide piezo-resistance body lost efficacy or transshipped; and can put into operation again; whether high-voltage fence electriferous state, with anti-misoperation; jeopardize the person and device security.

At least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider: select for use at least two devices of at least a device in three kinds of devices of overvoltage protection characteristic device MOV of overvoltage protection characteristic device R V, dynamic overvoltage limiter DVL, cylindricality or tubular integral body to be electrically connected in series the back, and after at least one centre tap is drawn in the junction therebetween, to constitute at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider; Its at least one centre tap can constitute at least one centre tap overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of at least one intermediary interface with after the device of above-mentioned technical characteristic or the device that transmits related device generation state change information are electrically connected; The centre tap of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider also can with the top of voltage divider itself or end connect and compose have the beginning at least, not two external connection end device or have top at least, hold, the device of at least one tapped three external connection end; The intermediary interface of at least one centre tap overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of at least one intermediary interface also can with the top of voltage divider itself or end connect and compose have the beginning at least, not two external connection end device or have top at least, hold, the device of at least one tapped three external connection end or have top, the device of four external connection end of end, at least one centre tap end, at least one intermediary interface end not at least; When design prevents or suppress surge, can adopt at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider; at least one centre tap overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of at least one intermediary interface; and being connected of the centre tap of two kinds of overvoltage protection characteristic voltage dividers or intermediary interface and interlock circuit; satisfy inhibition voltage wave and read aloud superpotential different discharge threshold voltage; the current by pass path; the size of leakage current; velocity of discharge speed; the height of residual voltage; the size of chargeability; the time limit of leakage current; the overvoltage suppressor mode of common mode or differential mode; with technical needs such as protected electric connection mode; multiple vertical; horizontal fault; the overvoltage of a plurality of discharge threshold voltages; under the interference while or non-simultaneous situation of electromagnetic interference source; in the system operation overvoltage; when fault current causes earth potential rising and thunderbolt; can not cause the transmission signals cable to be damaged or the surge of big electric current, cause overvoltage protection characteristic component failure and cause can't operate as normal; lead to a disaster.

The distributed capacitance electrode is respectively distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z (abbreviating metal foil electrode Z or Z as) and all presses metal electrode JB1 (abbreviating metal foil electrode JB1 or JB1 as), shielded metal electrode JB2 (abbreviating metal foil electrode JB2 or JB2 as): can adopt garden endless metal grading ring or tubulose, low resistivity metal bowl-shape, sheet to make the equipotential electric conductor; The column that can constitute along the folded string of the overvoltage protection characteristic element metal oxide piezoresistive wafer MOV of solid polycrystalline circle structure or be cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistive element MOV be the overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of metal oxide piezo-resistance MOV of column or the surface, garden of the non-equipotential column of high impedance outside (solid post, open tubular column all abbreviates post as), after coated one deck has the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant, the metal foil electrode layer JB2 of the low-resistivity electric conductor of coated certain-length or metal foil electrode layer Z again, the also JB1 of coated certain-length and JB2 again, the also JB1 of coated certain-length and metal foil electrode layer Z again, metal foil electrode layer JB1 is connected with hot end, metal foil electrode layer Z is connected with the centre tap end of the distributed capacitance voltage divider of electronegative potential, metal foil electrode layer JB2 is connected with earth potential; Can also be in an aspect, behind the metal foil electrode layer Z of the certain-length of coated mutually insulated, coated one deck the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant arranged after, the metal foil electrode layer JB1 and the JB2 of certain-length in coated second aspect again, JB1 is connected with hot end, metal foil electrode layer Z is connected with electronegative potential centre tap end, JB2 is connected with earth potential.Constitute distributed capacitance cf1 by hot end metal foil electrode layer JB1 and the vertical differing heights of column folded string body place, the flow through distributed capacitance cf1 of metal foil electrode layer JB1 of cf2 and hot end, the vf1 voltage drop that the vertical differing heights of cf2 current direction column folded string body place produces is different with the vf2 voltage drop, and distributed capacitance C7 and the C8 of the metal foil electrode layer JB2 that is connected with cold end centre tap end by the vertical differing heights of column folded string body place, or the metal foil electrode layer JB2 that is connected with earth potential or metal foil electrode layer Z constitute distributed capacitance C7 and C8, and by the vertical differing heights of column folded string body place flow through distributed capacitance C7 and the C8 electric current of metal foil electrode layer JB2 or metal foil electrode layer Z, different in the v7 voltage drop that the vertical differing heights of column folded string body place produces with the v8 voltage drop, because different first voltage gradient (v7 that constitute the vertical differing heights of column folded string body place voltage skewness of the voltage drop that produces, v8), (vf1, vf2); Potential parasitic capacitance ch (1 by column folded string vertical hot end of body and differing heights place, 2,3,4) with and by the flow through parasitic capacitance ch (1 at the vertical differing heights of column folded string body place of hot end, 2,3,4) the voltage drop vh (1 of the vertical differing heights of current direction column folded string body place's generation, 2,3,4) difference, by column folded string body vertical differing heights place and cold end or with the potential parasitic capacitance cd (1 in earth potential place, 2,3,4) and by the potential parasitic capacitance cd (1 that flows through of the vertical differing heights of column folded string body place, 2,3,4) electric current is at the voltage drop vd (1 of the vertical differing heights of column folded string body place generation, 2,3,4) difference is because the voltage drop vd that produces, different second the voltage gradient vd that constitutes the vertical differing heights of column folded string body place voltage skewness of vh, vh; First voltage gradient (v7 like this, v8), (vf1, vf2) can remedy second voltage gradient vd, the vh i.e. voltage gradient of two voltage skewness just constitutes the relation that compensates, so utilize this working mechanism be cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistor disc MOV folded string body be cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistive element MOV or the surface, garden of the overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of metal oxide piezoresistive wafer MOV or the non-equipotential column of high impedance outside, the equipotential electric conductor JB1 that low resistivity metal is made can be set, JB2, metal foil electrode layer Z, adopt and suitably strengthen distributed capacitance (cf1, cf2) or (C7 and C8) promptly suitably strengthen the equipotential electric conductor JB1 that makes by low resistivity metal, distributed capacitance (the cf1 that JB2 or metal foil electrode layer Z and the non-equipotential body of metal oxide piezo-resistance body MOV high impedance are constituted, cf2), (C7 and C8) just suitably strengthens distributed capacitance (cf1, cf2) or (C7 and C8) flow to the electric current of the non-equipotential body of high impedance or suitably strengthen the non-equipotential body of the high impedance distributed capacitance (C7 and C8) of flowing through and flow to the electric current of electronegative potential or flow to earthy electric current, produce suitably (v7 in vertical differing heights position of the non-equipotential body of high impedance, v8), (vf1, vf2) voltage drop improves metal foil electrode layer JB1, the electric field strength of field domain distributes and voltage skewness vd around the folded string of the cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistor disc MOV that JB2 or metal foil electrode layer Z the are surrounded body differing heights, the vh defective; Utilize same mechanism, can also be according to need selecting for use respectively: with when the hot end junction is provided with garden endless metal grading ring CB1, again the metal foil electrode layer Z of the bowl-shape or tubulose that is connected with cold end, the metal foil electrode layer JB2 of the bowl-shape or tubulose that is connected with earth potential be set; Bowl-shape promptly top big, the following diameter toy trumpet of the diameter shape that is connected with cold end or earth potential end has the metal foil electrode layer JB2 or the metal foil electrode layer Z of gradient; Can also be in an aspect, the metal foil electrode layer JB1 and the JB2 of mutually insulated is set or JB1, metal foil electrode layer Z is set, JB1 is connected with hot end, metal foil electrode layer Z is connected with cold end centre tap end, JB2 is connected with earth potential; Metal foil electrode layer JB1 and metal foil electrode layer JB2, between the adjacent end portion of metal foil electrode layer JB1 and metal foil electrode layer Z, with and with relevant electrified body end between shape, can adopt suitable garden sliding ring shape sphere shape etc. to gather and produce the point discharge effect, improve metal foil electrode layer JB1 with the tip of avoiding electric charge, metal foil electrode layer JB2 or metal foil electrode layer Z are surrounded be cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistor disc MOV folded string body be cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistive element MOV or the surface, garden of the overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of metal oxide piezoresistive wafer MOV or the non-equipotential column of high impedance outside, the electric field strength of field domain distributes better and voltage distributes more even around its differing heights; Utilize this working mechanism to constitute to reduce or avoid interference of electromagnetic field source, surge to the voltage ratio of voltage divider, influence that the phase angle shift error is produced, improve the voltage divider voltage ratio accuracy of connecting with centre tap distributed capacitance less; At least one centre tap distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider can also be set by the garden cylinder of the folded string of the column of the solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic body again, constituting can the perception lightning arrester, excess voltage suppressor metal oxide piezo-resistance body lost efficacy or overload before information of voltage and the information of metal oxide piezo-resistance body polycrystalline circle structure variation, improve dielectric and prevent the performance of voltage surge, guarantee device reliability of operation when dynamic overvoltage; Metal foil electrode floor JB2 and ground connection can also be set in the middle of two adjacent electromagnetic fields, provide adjacent electromagnetic field signal to be close to road ground connection passage, and electromagnetic field produces magnetic field that eddy current, its eddy current produce and interfere with electromagnetic field the polarity counteracting or the interfere with electromagnetic field that decays on the contrary mutually in screen, isolates the adjacent electromagnetic field cross interference of lightning arrester, excess voltage suppressor and electric device.

Anti-voltage surge bridge-type measuring circuit: at the folded garden cylinder of going here and there body of the column of the solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic at least one centre tap distributed capacitance series connection structure that voltage divider constituted is set and can be used as voltage surge bridge-type measuring circuit, connect voltage divider respectively as the half-bridge arm in the bridge-type measuring circuit by the solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic with few centre tap distributed capacitance, the top of the series connection voltage divider of two half-bridge arms of bridge-type measuring circuit, end is not connected the two ends as external input simultaneously with protected system two ends, does not hold ground connection simultaneously for wherein two, the centre tap end of two series connection voltage dividers reaches to be held respectively as the output that transmits protected system two client informations, two ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS information mouth differential ratio outputs that the centre tap end is taken place as on-line operation state in the anti-surge structure of perception; The shielded metal foil electrode JB1 and the JB2 that surround two series connection voltage divider arrangement bodies can also be set simultaneously, improve the cross influence that electric field strength distributes, voltage distributes and shields adjacent interference of electromagnetic field source of field domain around the structure, with voltage ratio accuracy, the voltage ratio stability of two series connection voltage dividers improving its encirclement; When utilizing in the structure full-bridge arm differential ratio that two half-bridge arms of two series connection voltage dividers constitute than measuring circuit, half-bridge arm output can be used as into two client informations that certain voltage ratio ratio ground transmits protected system, and full-bridge arm output can be used as the ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS information that decision structure body on-line operation state is taken place; By anti-voltage surge bridge-type measuring circuit as can be known, can adopt in the anti-interference method of the present invention at least one technical characteristic device to separate respectively to carry out combined electrical to connect, constitute correlation technique characteristic or at least one transmits the integration apparatus of the device of relevant information with at least one.

At multiple faults; the overvoltage of a plurality of discharge threshold voltages; interference of electromagnetic field source at the same time or a situation arises the non-while down; (wherein include: at least two external connection end can be the beginnings of overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider at least two external connection end in the anti-surge device; do not hold; also can be that intermediary interface in the voltage divider or the centre tap in the voltage divider are with the voltage divider top of itself or the beginning after end is not connected; two ends not; it can also be the beginning of half-bridge arm in the full-bridge arm circuit; two ends not) be connected with protected system; at least one position in energy transmission or the protected system of perception at least one protected object and the electrical information or the state information of overvoltage protection characteristic device on-line operation; make overvoltage; the anti-interference method that the infringement that voltage surge and electromagnetic interference source produce protected object is prevented or suppresses; this is a kind of novel unique; more perfect anti-interference method; it can effectively solve existing anti-interference method at multiple faults; the overvoltage of a plurality of discharge threshold voltages; a plurality of electromagnetic interference sources at the same time or a situation arises the non-while down; prevention or the perfect inadequately phenomenon of inhibition, anti-interference method of the present invention has the usability of the manufacturing simultaneously.

Another purpose of the present invention is the means for anti-jamming of making according to anti-interference method, can use separately on wired, the wireless electric system circuit of high and low pressure power transmission and distribution net, AC power, DC power supply, inversion system, frequency conversion system, information network, communication network, electric-control system, safeguards system, visible system; Use also can be connected with power circuit, digital circuit, the analog circuit in the electric equipment; Also can be according to needs, at least one the technical characteristic device in anti-disturbance method and the device is separated respectively, constituted correlation technique characteristic with at least one with miscellaneous equipment or at least one transmits the integration apparatus of the technical characteristic device of relevant information; At least one the technical characteristic device that has in anti-disturbance method of the present invention and the device can also be separated part, parts, the product in addition that is constituted respectively; Also at least one the technical characteristic device in anti-disturbance method and the device can be separated respectively and be constituted lightning arrester, excess voltage suppressor, the sensor-type means for anti-jamming of electric weight.

Specifically be achieved in that by at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider, dynamic overvoltage limiter DVL, the assembly ZRV of overvoltage protection characteristic, the solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element MOV of cylindricality or tubular integral body, marmem thermoswitch LK, temperature-sensitive gap discharge device TCV, the dual shield signal cable SDL of single-ended bonding mode and single core signal cable (DL), the information coupler, at least one tapped distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider, discrete capacitor C7 and C8 and discrete capacitor C9, distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z and metal electrode JB1, at least one structure devices among the JB2 structure devices, can be respectively and the dielectric of shielding layer grounding, in the dielectric, structural member, in at least one other device or on the circuit, heat-sensitive sensor, at least one structural member among the overvoltage protection characteristic device VR makes up, thereby constitutes means for anti-jamming; Also can be according to needs, the device of at least one technical characteristic in the means for anti-jamming separated respectively, is arranged at constitute integration apparatus in the miscellaneous equipment; Can also constitute device and separate part, parts, the product in addition that is constituted respectively with at least one technical characteristic in the means for anti-jamming of the present invention; Also can be to constitute device to separate formation lightning arrester, excess voltage suppressor, the sensor-type means for anti-jamming of electric weight respectively with at least one technical characteristic in method of the present invention and the device.

The technical characterictic device is respectively: solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element MOV, marmem thermoswitch LK, temperature-sensitive gap discharge device TCV, distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z and metal electrode JB1, the JB2 of dynamic overvoltage limiter DVL, voltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV, cylindricality or tubular integral body.

The device that transmits relevant information is respectively: by the dual shield signal cable SDL of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider, the solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic, single-ended bonding mode and single core signal cable DL, information coupler, at least one tapped distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider.

Overvoltage protection characteristic device R V: can be respectively overvoltage protection characteristic element or overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV; Its element can be respectively gaseous state or solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element; Gaseous state overvoltage protection characteristic element CRV is respectively gas discharge tube, gaseous state gap discharge element, the variable gaseous state gap discharge element WCV of two ends or three ends; Solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element GRV is respectively, two ends, half conduits (SA) of many PN junctions type metal oxide varistor (MOV), many PN junctions type metal oxide varistor GRV in band gaseous state gap, forward and reverse characteristic unanimity, single PN kink avalanche diode (TVS or be called TVP).

Overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV is the overvoltage protection characteristic device of at least one discharge threshold voltage, it is respectively: the assembly after semistor PTC and at least one the overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series, semistor PTC and assembly after at least one the overvoltage protection characteristic element at least two overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series is in parallel, semistor PTC and overvoltage protection characteristic element assembly in parallel, overvoltage protection characteristic device R V respectively with temperature-sensitive gap discharge device TCV or the combined assembly of marmem thermoswitch LK, semistor PTC with after at least one the overvoltage protection characteristic element at least two overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series is in parallel again with overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series after assembly, constitute current limliting prescribe a time limit after the pressure limiting not current limliting but pressure limiting in limited time, continuity always intersects and to take turns to operate and carry out and do not interrupt the job order of discharging for a long time, also can constitute with upper flow prescribe a time limit after the pressure limiting not current limliting but the ground of pressure limiting in limited time intersect take turns to operate after, a period of time interrupts repeating the earial drainage discharge again after the discharge, implementation has time limit ground to interrupt the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV of job order of discharge as the member in overvoltage prevention and the restraining device; Semistor PTC can be traditional positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element, also can be resistance R with traditional positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element semistor PTC that constitutes modification in parallel, can also be with the semistor PTC parallel connection of different tradition of moving lower current or modification more than two semistor PTC as a modification.

Dynamic overvoltage limiter DVL can utilize the operation principle of overvoltage protection characteristic assembly to constitute: have at least two different threshold overvoltage, the electric current of at least one threshold overvoltage discharge drain passageway or open in check device wherein, it is respectively: by after semistor PTC and the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V parallel connection again with assembly after overvoltage protection characteristic device R V connects again with the circuit integration member that is constituted after overvoltage protection characteristic device R V is in parallel, assembly ZRV one end of overvoltage protection characteristic is connected the circuit integration member that the back is constituted with the centre tap of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider, assembly ZRV one end of overvoltage protection characteristic is connected the circuit integration member that the back is constituted with the intermediary interface of the overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of at least one intermediary interface; Can also carry out the integrated dynamic overvoltage limiter ZRV of circuit that series and parallel constituted afterwards by the associated connections end of two of at least a structural members among the structural member of at least one overvoltage protection characteristic device R V, semistor PTC, at least one overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider, as the member in the means for anti-jamming; Semistor PTC can adopt traditional positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element, also can adopt resistance R and traditional positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element assembly that constitutes the semistor PTC parallel connection of the semistor PTC of modification, the tradition that can also adopt different action lower current more than two or modification in parallel.

The solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element metal oxide piezo-resistance body MOV of cylindricality or tubular integral body: promptly non-linear metal oxide piezo-resistance MOV is for satisfying voltage levels discharge threshold voltage, the needs of heavy-current discharge, can adopt at least one cylindricality integral body or tubulose integral metal oxide piezo-resistance body MOV structural member, also can adopt flat of the garden of a plurality of low-voltage grades discharge threshold voltages, encircle flat and overlap cylindrical body, tubulose integral body, helicoid, adopt surface contact structure between the electrode surface of each metal oxide piezoresistive wafer MOV, substitute tradition and adopt metal oxide piezoresistive wafer electrode surface point-contact junction structure mode; An electrodes in contact face is burnt when avoiding heavy-current discharge, and cause the current by pass of the network-like distribution among the metal oxide piezo-resistance body MOV and the effective contact-making surface of piezo-resistance body electrode surface impaired, bear the working life of discharge to prolong solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element metal oxide piezo-resistance MOV, at point contact electrode face place owing to the quantity of electric charge causes that at the place of burning intensive the altar of this place's electric field strength is strong, can cause dielectric electrical breakdown herein when altar is strong when critical; The lightning arrester or the piezoelectric voltage inhibitor that are made of solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element metal oxide piezo-resistance the body MOV and the related accessories of a cylindricality or a tubular integral body not only have good electric property, bending strength and uniqueness simple in structure, have prolonged useful life; Can also the metal oxide piezo-resistance body MOV parts of the solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic that at least one device in the means for anti-jamming of the present invention separates the solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element metal oxide piezo-resistance body MOV that constituted, bar-shaped or tubulose respectively and lightning arrester or the excess voltage suppressor product of being made up of clavate or tubular solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element metal oxide piezo-resistance MOV body will be had.

The technical characterictic device of its intermediary interface is respectively: solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element MOV, marmem thermoswitch, temperature-sensitive gap discharge device, the distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z of dynamic overvoltage limiter DVL, voltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV, cylindricality integral body or tubular integral body.

The device of the transmission relevant information of its intermediary interface is respectively: by dual shield signal cable SDL, the information coupler C7 of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider, the solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic, the single-ended bonding mode voltage divider of connecting with C8, at least one tapped distributed capacitance; It is the intermediary interface of drawing outward or directly drawing by the link of the centre tap of above-mentioned voltage divider or technical characteristic device or the link that the transmits related device dual shield signal cable line SDL by single-ended bonding; Its intermediary interface effect is respectively: as transmitting the protected object two ends or installing the electrical information interface of self member; detect the whether charged interface in protected object two ends; whether online detection overvoltage protecting device RV lost efficacy and sent the interface of early warning signal or action command; can set at least one parameter flexibly; set the discharge threshold interface of at least one overvoltage numerical value; can perception the device overload of overvoltage protection characteristic and temperature rise to the make and break contact k interface of the limit; transmit the reflection precision; the linearity; temperature such as floats at the interface that relevant parameter information is exported to ancillary equipment, and ancillary equipment sends the receiving interface of opening the action command that corresponding drain passageway discharges.

Temperature-sensitive gap discharge device TCV: can constitute, can also be provided with again the switch electric contact and constitute by the movable insulating bar that the variable gaseous state gap discharge element WCV of series connection among the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V constitutes, also can be provided with again the band color marker; Variable gaseous state gap discharge element WCV mainly is made of structural member that adopts marmem and the discharge sheet that can change discharge sheet air gap; It is to be made of marmem (SMA) sheet less than radius sphere concave, convex shape for the structural member of marmem, it can direct or indirect contacted voltage protection characteristic device R V, come perception overvoltage protection characteristic element or its overload of assembly or inefficacy and temperature rise during to a certain limiting temperature, and the marmem of concave, convex shape (SMA) sheet causes plastic deformation protruding, concave shape during to a certain limit because of temperature rise; Utilize recessed; the marmem of convex form (SMA) sheet returns to the protruding of typing at high temperature; during concave shape; plastic displacement that is produced and actuating force; the discharge sheet that movable insulating bar by the band color marker drives variable gaseous state gap discharge element WCV changes the clearance distance of gas discharge sheet; the closure of electric contact with cut-off; automatically change the discharge threshold voltage set point of the gap discharge device of variable gaseous state gap discharge element (WCV) in the device of overvoltage protection characteristic; constitute chargeability low can be from the motion tracking threshold voltage that discharges more than two; can also have the action indication adopts from recovering or the clearance distance of manual reversion discharge sheet and the low residual voltage of at least one pair of electric contact; long-life overvoltage protection characteristic device, temperature-sensitive gap discharge device TCV it be respectively: TCVS drives the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device of doing indication; the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device of TCVK belt switch contact; TCVSK drives the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device of making indication and make and break contact.

Marmem thermoswitch LK: be by marmem (SMA) sheet, electric contact less than the concave, convex shape of the radius of a ball, the marmem of concave, convex shape (SMA) sheet can constitute by direct or indirect contacted voltage protection characteristic device; When recessed; the marmem of convex form (SMA) sheet perception overvoltage protection characteristic device is to the utmost point prescribed a time limit because of the overload temperature rise; return to the protruding of former typing at high temperature; the plastic deformation of spill; with and the distortion displacement and the actuating force that are produced; driving electric contact by movable insulating bar takes place logical; disconnected two states; utilize the movable insulating bar of band color marker to indicate; can also adopt from resetting or manual reset action is instructed in the switching device of one overvoltage protection characteristic; switch is logical; at least one pair of electric contact of disconnected two states can directly draw or with circuit among the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V at least two positions be connected; also can draw outward by signal conductor among the dual shield signal cable SDL of single-ended bonding mode; as the corresponding intermediary interface of automatic control, the marmem thermoswitch it be respectively: band is from the marmem thermoswitch LK that resets; have the action indication and adopt the marmem thermoswitch LKS of recovery certainly or manual reversion.

Adopt the single-ended bonding mode of dual shield signal cable SDL and single core signal cable DL, be to adopt the paired of mutually insulated or many signal conductor (abbreviation holding wire) is filled coated screen (abbreviation internal shield) back behind one deck dielectric, recharged the signal cable (being called for short paired or many to single signal shielding cable) of one deck insulating medium layer, the signal cable of coated again one deck insulating medium layer abbreviates the dual shield signal cable as after outside paired or many insulating medium layers to single signal shielding cable screen (abbreviation outer shielding layer) being set again; In the two ends of dual shield signal cable, signal conductor one end is connected with the quilt number of delivering a letter (being signal end or sensor side) as the quilt input of the number of delivering a letter, the outer shielding layer of this end is single-ended to be connected with ground wire 1 (being signal ground) as by the input of the number of delivering a letter shielding ground, and the other end signal conductor of dual shield signal cable and acknowledge(ment) signal end are that the input interface end of equipment is connected as the quilt output of the number of delivering a letter (promptly being subjected to electric instrument box end), internal shield in this end dual shield signal cable is single-ended to be connected as being shielded ground by the output of the number of delivering a letter with ground wire 2 (being instrument ground); Mutually insulated is in order to prevent to constitute current circuit, prevent or weaken external magnetic field, electric field and interference of electromagnetic field source (overvoltage that causes epd comprising thunderbolt, the system failure is disturbed) interference effect to the information of signal wire transmits between the inside and outside screen of employing dual shield signal cable; Adopt screen outer, interior mutually insulated corresponding respectively signal end be sensor side ground connection with instrument box end ground connection; Outer shielding layer ground connection, be to utilize the external disturbance electromagnetic field in outer shielding layer, to produce eddy current, the polarity of the magnetic field that its eddy current produces is opposite with interfere with electromagnetic field polarity, after making interfere with electromagnetic field counteracting or decay, by being constituted the outer shielding layer ground connection of distributed capacitance electrode with object correlation, can cause the electromagnetic field field intensity in interference of electromagnetic field source to be close to road ground connection and short circuit by signal ground, internal shield ground connection, be to utilize outside the external disturbance electromagnetic field field intensity warp, electromagnetic field field intensity after the interior two-layer weakening is by instrument box termination instrument ground, and outside the pseudo-band information ripple of signal wire transmits passes through, in be close to road ground connection behind two screen different frequency bands passages, make the true information of signal wire transmits obtain the channel transfer of maximum fidelity; The epd overvoltage of its overvoltage protection characteristic device R V who is high resistant or open circuit when losing efficacy simultaneously also can be between internal shield and outer shielding layer in parallel to suppress to cause owing to thunder and lightning or the system failure; Outward, internal shield can adopt at least a material in the material of metal deferent, metal knitted net, metal or aluminium polyester film, conductive metal ion coating to constitute for cable according to the power in interference of electromagnetic field source, can adopt the shell of electric conducting material for element, assembly, the casing that can adopt metal material to make for equipment; Make signal in transmission course, obtain maximum anti-interference inhibition; Single-ended shielding layer grounding at single core signal cable DL, be after the logical coupling capacitor C 1 of single core signal conductor terminal string tape splicing, to draw the output of terminals as the end signal data wire, be close to road ground connection after making the frequency band passage of pseudo-band information ripple by the screen distributed capacitance of signal wire transmits, suppress the unipolarity overvoltage and seal in making; Simultaneously can parallel connection between single core signal conductor terminal and ground connection PE place by traditional semistor overvoltage protection characteristic device of connecting; also can be in parallel one its be the overvoltage protection characteristic device of high resistant or open circuit when losing efficacy; make the overvoltage and the interference of electromagnetic field source overvoltage of single, double polarity obtain clamp, single core signal cable of composition data transmission channel obtains maximum anti-interference inhibition in transmission signal process.

The information coupler: the column that constitutes along the folded string of the overvoltage protection characteristic element metal oxide piezoresistive wafer MOV of solid polycrystalline circle structure be cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistive element MOV or be the overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of metal oxide piezo-resistance MOV of column or the surface, garden of the non-equipotential column of high impedance outside (solid post; open tubular column all abbreviates post as); coated one deck has coated again distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z behind the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant; by constituting discrete capacitor C7 and C8 between coated distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z and the column, this discrete capacitor C7 and C8 are as the information coupler.

Discrete capacitor: be by in the equipment by distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z and between the shielded metal foil electrode JB2 after being filled with the medium of certain dielectric constant or distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z and be filled with the medium of certain dielectric constant after all press between the metal electrode JB1, shielded metal foil electrode JB2 respectively and be filled with the discrete capacitor that is constituted between column (solid post, open tubular column all abbreviate post as) the metal oxide piezo-resistance body behind the medium of certain dielectric constant.

At least one centre tap distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider: the column that constitutes along the folded string of the overvoltage protection characteristic element metal oxide piezoresistive wafer MOV of solid polycrystalline circle structure be cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistive element MOV or be the overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of metal oxide piezo-resistance MOV of column or the surface, garden of the non-equipotential column of high impedance outside (solid post; open tubular column all abbreviates post as); coated one deck has behind the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant behind the coated again distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z; coated one deck has coated again shielded metal foil electrode JB2 behind the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant; by distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z and and be filled with between the cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistive element behind the medium of certain dielectric constant and constitute discrete capacitor C7 and C8; and after constituting discrete capacitor C9 by coated distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z and shielded metal foil electrode JB2; and draw a centre tap at distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z place, constitute the discrete capacitor voltage divider.

The solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic: by at least two solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic devices, also can be piezo-resistance lightning-arrest valve block MOV series connection back and draw the solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic that at least one centre tap constitutes at the place of being connected in series.

At least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider: select for use at least two at least a devices in three kinds of devices of solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic device GRV of overvoltage protection characteristic device R V, dynamic overvoltage limiter ZRV, cylindricality or tubular integral body to be electrically connected in series the back, and after at least one centre tap is drawn in the junction therebetween, to constitute at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider; Its at least one centre tap can constitute at least one centre tap overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of at least one intermediary interface with after the device of above-mentioned technical characteristic or the device that transmits related device generation state change information are electrically connected; The centre tap of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider also can with the beginning of voltage divider own, end connect and compose have the beginning at least, not two external connection end device or have top at least, hold, the means for anti-jamming of at least one tapped three external connection end; The intermediary interface of at least one centre tap overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of at least one intermediary interface also can with the beginning of voltage divider own, end connect and compose have the beginning at least, not two external connection end device or have top at least, hold, the device of at least one tapped three external connection end or have top, the means for anti-jamming of four external connection end of end, at least one centre tap end, at least one intermediary interface end not at least; When design prevents or suppress voltage surge, can adopt at least one centre tap overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider or at least one intermediary interface; and being connected of the centre tap of these two kinds of overvoltage protection characteristic voltage dividers or intermediary interface and interlock circuit; satisfy inhibition voltage wave and read aloud superpotential different discharge threshold voltage; the current by pass path; the size of leakage current; velocity of discharge speed; the height of residual voltage; the size of chargeability; the time limit of leakage current; the suppressor mode of common mode or differential mode; with technical needs such as protected electric connection mode; multiple vertical; horizontal fault; the overvoltage of a plurality of discharge threshold voltages; under the interference while or non-simultaneous situation of electromagnetic interference source; in the system operation overvoltage; when fault current causes earth potential rising and thunderbolt; can not cause the transmission signals cable to be damaged or the current surge of big electric current, cause that overvoltage protection characteristic device R V lost efficacy and cause can't operate as normal; lead to a disaster.

The distributed capacitance electrode is respectively distributed capacitance metal foil electrode Z (abbreviating metal foil electrode Z or Z as) and all presses metal electrode JB1 (abbreviating metal foil electrode JB1 or JB1 as), shielded metal electrode JB2 (abbreviating metal foil electrode JB2 or JB2 as): the column that constitutes along the folded string of the overvoltage protection characteristic element metal oxide piezoresistive wafer MOV of solid polycrystalline circle structure be cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistive element MOV or be the overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of metal oxide piezo-resistance MOV of column or the surface, garden of the non-equipotential column of high impedance outside (solid post, open tubular column all abbreviates post as), can adopt garden endless metal grading ring or tubulose, bowl-shape, the low resistivity metal of sheet is made the equipotential electric conductor; With when the hot end junction is provided with garden endless metal grading ring JB1, behind the metal foil electrode layer Z of the bowl-shape or tubulose that is connected with cold end of setting, coated one deck the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant is arranged after the metal foil electrode layer JB2 of the coated more bowl-shape or tubulose that is connected with earth potential, its bowl-shape promptly above big, the following diameter toy trumpet of diameter shape the appearance of gradient is arranged; After metal foil electrode layer Z can also be set, coated one deck the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant arranged after, the metal foil electrode layer JB1 and the JB2 of mutually insulated are set in an aspect again, JB1 is connected with hot end, metal foil electrode layer Z is connected with earth potential as the connection of centre tap end, the JB2 of the distributed capacitance voltage divider of cold end; Between the adjacent end portion of metal foil electrode layer JB1 and metal foil electrode layer JB2 or metal foil electrode layer JB1 and metal foil electrode layer Z, with and with relevant electrified body end between shape, can adopt sliding body in suitable garden such as spherical surface body shape etc. to gather and produce the point discharge effect, improve metal foil electrode layer JB1 with the tip of avoiding electric charge, metal foil electrode layer JB2 or metal foil electrode layer Z are surrounded is cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistor disc MOV folded string body or is cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistive element or is overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider or the non-equipotential column (solid post of high impedance of the metal oxide piezoresistive wafer MOV of column, open tubular column all abbreviates post as), the electric field strength of field domain distributes better and voltage distributes more even around its differing heights; Metal foil electrode floor JB2 and ground connection can also be set in the middle of two adjacent electromagnetic fields, provide adjacent electromagnetic field signal to be close to road ground connection passage, and electromagnetic field produces magnetic field that eddy current, its eddy current produce and interfere with electromagnetic field the polarity counteracting or the interfere with electromagnetic field that decays on the contrary mutually in screen, isolates the adjacent electromagnetic field cross interference of lightning arrester, voltage suppressor and electric device.

Anti-voltage surge bridge-type measuring circuit: at the folded garden cylinder of going here and there body of the column of the solid-state voltage divider of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic at least one centre tap distributed capacitance series connection structure that voltage divider constituted is set and can be used as voltage surge bridge-type measuring circuit.

At multiple faults, the overvoltage of a plurality of discharge threshold voltages, interference of electromagnetic field source at the same time or a situation arises the non-while down, (wherein include: at least two external connection end can be the beginnings of overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider at least two external connection end in the means for anti-jamming, do not hold, also can be that intermediary interface in the voltage divider or the centre tap in the voltage divider are with the voltage divider top of itself or the beginning after end is not connected, two ends not, can also be the half-bridge arm two ends in the full-bridge arm circuit) be connected with protected system, can transmit or the protected system of perception at least one position at least one protected object and the electrical information or the state information of overvoltage protection characteristic device on-line operation, make overvoltage, the infringement that voltage surge and electromagnetic interference source produce protected object obtains prevention or suppresses; This a kind of novel unique, more perfect means for anti-jamming, it can effectively solve existing means for anti-jamming the overvoltage of multiple faults, a plurality of discharge threshold voltages, a plurality of electromagnetic interference source at the same time or a situation arises the non-while down, prevention or the perfect inadequately phenomenon of restriction, means for anti-jamming of the present invention has prevention and suppresses voltage surge and the function of the good result that electromagnetic interference source disturbs simultaneously.

Anti-disturbance method of the present invention and device are compared with the prior art, because the electric current variable in the employing overvoltage protection characteristic assembly and the threshold discharge voltage at its two ends, keep voltage voltage quantities and discharge time variable be controlled by semistor voltage drop variable in parallel with it or keep voltage quantities or be controlled by with it the control device of keeping voltage quantities and overvoltage protection characteristic device prebreakdown current variable of the semistor of series connection, and two devices of semistor and overvoltage protection characteristic element again can repeated overlapping be born the impact of overvoltage discharging current, be protected or the like mutually; Owing to adopt overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider to be connected with protected system with at least one intermediary interface or at least one tap, make at least one protected object in the protected system, at least one position is at multiple faults, a plurality of discharge threshold overvoltage at the same time or a situation arises the non-while down, can be according to the state information of the protected object electrical information of transmitting and perception or transmission overvoltage protection characteristic device on-line operation, automatically the current by pass of opening corresponding discharge threshold voltage is a Low ESR by high impedance transition, make vertical, the horizontal overvoltage energy earial drainage that discharged fully, the discharge earial drainage finishes the back current by pass and can close from returning to normality again, can not cause overvoltage protection characteristic device failure, make overvoltage, the infringement that voltage surge and electromagnetic interference source produce protected object is effectively prevented or is suppressed or the like, and this is a kind of long service life, cost performance is more reasonable, be easy to anti-disturbance method and device that industrialization is made; And the harm that makes existing power network, information network, communication network, electric-control system, safeguards system, wired or wireless electrical network, electric equipment, personal safety can avoid overvoltage surge, electromagnetic interference source, nature thunderbolt to bring.

Below in conjunction with exemplary embodiments and accompanying drawing thereof method of the present invention and device are described further.

Fig. 1-the 1st, the device of first kind of overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV embodiment connects electrical schematic diagram in the means for anti-jamming.

Fig. 1-2 is that the device of second kind of overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV embodiment in the means for anti-jamming connects electrical schematic diagram.

Fig. 1-the 3rd, the device of the third overvoltage protection characteristic assembly embodiment connects electrical schematic diagram in the means for anti-jamming.

Fig. 1-the 4th, the device of the 4th kind of overvoltage protection characteristic assembly embodiment connects electrical schematic diagram in the means for anti-jamming.

Fig. 1-the 5th, the device of the 5th kind of overvoltage protection characteristic assembly embodiment connects electrical schematic diagram in the means for anti-jamming.

Fig. 2-the 1st, the device of first kind of dynamic overvoltage limiter embodiment connects electrical schematic diagram in the means for anti-jamming.

Fig. 2-the 2nd, the device of second kind of dynamic overvoltage limiter embodiment connects electrical schematic diagram in the means for anti-jamming.

Fig. 2-the 3rd, the device of the third dynamic overvoltage limiter embodiment connects electrical schematic diagram in the means for anti-jamming.

Fig. 2-the 4th, the device of the 4th kind of dynamic overvoltage limiter embodiment connects electrical schematic diagram in the means for anti-jamming.

Fig. 2-the 5th, the circuit diagram of the 5th kind of dynamic overvoltage limiter embodiment in the means for anti-jamming.

Fig. 2-the 6th, the circuit diagram of the 6th kind of dynamic overvoltage limiter embodiment in the means for anti-jamming.

Fig. 2-7 and Fig. 2-8a are the circuit diagrams of the 7th kind of dynamic overvoltage limiter embodiment in the means for anti-jamming.

Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the dynamic overvoltage limiter Security Unit embodiment of local telephone communication distribution plant in the means for anti-jamming.

Fig. 4 is the circuit connection diagram that single core signal cable voltage suppresses embodiment in the means for anti-jamming.

Fig. 5 is the device arrangements schematic diagram that the data transmission channel voltage of the dual shield signal cable of single-ended bonding mode in the means for anti-jamming suppresses embodiment.

Fig. 6 is high-voltage arrester, the components and parts layout of excess voltage suppressor embodiment and the schematic diagram that connects thereof that has a proportional undistorted transmission electrical information of tapped distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider energy in the means for anti-jamming.

Fig. 7 be anti-voltage surge bridge-type is measured in the means for anti-jamming high-voltage arrester, excess voltage suppressor device embodiment components and parts, distributed capacitance layout with and the schematic diagram that is electrically connected.

Fig. 8 is the be on good terms electrical schematic diagram of the voltage suppressor that automatically changes the discharge threshold voltage of means for anti-jamming mesolow three.

Fig. 9 can change the schematic diagram that the element of high-voltage arrester, the excess voltage suppressor embodiment of discharge threshold voltage is electrically connected automatically in the means for anti-jamming.

Figure 10 be in the means for anti-jamming single-phase and three be on good terms the components and parts that automatically change discharge threshold voltage, the lightning arrester that transmits electrical information, excess voltage suppressor embodiment, distributed capacitance with and the schematic diagram that is electrically connected.

Figure 11 be three-phase star connection in the means for anti-jamming the components and parts with high-voltage arrester that online electrical information detects, excess voltage suppressor embodiment, distributed capacitance with and the schematic diagram that is electrically connected.

Figure 12 be three-phase four stars connection in the means for anti-jamming the components and parts with high-voltage arrester that electrical information detects, excess voltage suppressor embodiment, distributed capacitance with and the schematic diagram that is electrically connected.

Figure 13 is the structural configuration schematic diagram of information coupler embodiment in the means for anti-jamming.

Figure 14 changes discharge threshold voltage, the lightning arrester that transmits electrical information, the structural configuration schematic diagram of excess voltage suppressor embodiment automatically in the means for anti-jamming.

Figure 15 is the high-voltage arrester that has online electrical information measuring ability in the means for anti-jamming, the structural configuration schematic diagram of excess voltage suppressor embodiment.

Figure 16 is that marmem thermoswitch (LKS) feature of band alarm indication constitutes overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) self-shield of telecommunication apparatus Security Unit, reset generalized section, the circuit diagram of structural configuration of region of interest certainly in the means for anti-jamming.

Figure 17 is an overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) and variable gaseous state gap discharge element (WCV) in the means for anti-jamming

Temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCVS) structural configuration generalized section, the circuit diagram of indication made in the drive of combination.

Sequence number among the figure: 1 top; 2 do not hold; 3 first centre taps; 4 first interfaces; 5 second interfaces; 6 the 3rd interfaces; the 4th interface; 8 metallic conductors; 9 overvoltage protection characteristic devices 1; 10 overvoltage protection characteristic devices 2; 11 movable exhausted bars; the movable insulating bar of 12 band color markers; the marmem sheet of 13 sphere shapes; 14 movable contact bridges; 15 stationary contact bridges 1; stationary contact bridge 2; 17 binding posts 1; 18 binding posts 2; 19 discharge sheets 1; 20 discharge sheets 2; 21 insulating trips; 22 conductions 1; 23 conducting strips 2; 24 stationary contact bridges 3; 25 stationary contact bridges 4; the 26 soft rings 1 of filling out; the 27 soft rings 2 of filling out; 28 springs 1; 29 springs 2; 30 springs 3; 31 insulation shells 2; 32 insulation shells 3; ring 1 is filled out in 33 insulation; 34 conducting strips 5; 35 conducting strips 6; 36 springs 4; 37 conducting strips 7; 38 insulation shells 1; 39 conducting strips 8

Symbol among the figure: DL single conductor signal shielding cable, SDL dual shield signal cable, the JB screen, PE ground connection, SMA marmem sheet, RV overvoltage protection characteristic device, ZRV overvoltage protection characteristic assembly, CRV gaseous state overvoltage protection characteristic element, the variable gaseous state gap discharge of WCV element, the solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic of GRV element, two ends, half conduit of the forward and reverse characteristic unanimity of SA, Z distributed capacitance electrode, JB1 all presses metal electrode, JB2 shielded metal electrode, the differing heights body capacitance of Ch column with and over the ground between discrete capacitor, between the Ch column differing heights body capacitance and its differing heights over the ground between the distributed capacitance sum, Cf all presses the distributed capacitance of metal electrode JB1 to the column differing heights, the distributed capacitance of C7 and C8 column differing heights and distributed capacitance electrode Z, the discrete capacitor of C9 distributed capacitance electrode Z and shielded metal electrode JB2, DVL dynamic overvoltage limiter, LK marmem thermoswitch, LKS drives the marmem thermoswitch of doing indication, TCV temperature-sensitive gap discharge device, TCVS drives the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device of doing indication, the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device of TCVK belt switch contact, TCVSK drives the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device of making indication and make and break contact, the PTC semistor, the WR variable resistor, the FD light-emitting diode, the j interface, k make and break contact terminals, outside line input a and b, the output a ' and the b ' of interior circuit, the L live wire, the N zero line, 0 neutral point, the first electrical information output (I) with (x), the second electrical information output (I ') and (x ');

Overvoltage protection characteristic device VR in the drawings: can be respectively overvoltage protection characteristic element or overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV; Overvoltage protection characteristic element can be respectively the overvoltage protection characteristic element of gaseous state or solid-state structure; Gaseous state overvoltage protection characteristic element CRV is respectively two utmost points or three-pole gas discharge tube, gaseous state gap discharge element, the variable gaseous state gap discharge of WCV element; Solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element GRV is respectively, two ends, half conduits (SA) of many PN junctions type metal oxide varistor (MOV), many PN junctions type metal oxide varistor GRV in band gaseous state gap, forward and reverse characteristic unanimity, single PN kink avalanche diode (TVS or be called TVP); According to the technical indicator of different overvoltage protections, according to the corresponding gaseous state of different technologies parameters selection in gaseous state or the solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element or the overvoltage protection characteristic element of solid-state structure;

Semistor PTC can be directly-heated type step change type resistance variations, its failure mode traditional positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element for open circuit or high-impedance state in the drawings, and also can be has that the resistance R of certain resistance value is in parallel with traditional positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor element to constitute the semistor PTC of modification that directly-heated type step change type resistance variations, its failure mode are the high-impedance state of certain resistance;

Fig. 1-the 1st, the device of first kind of overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV embodiment connects electrical schematic diagram in the means for anti-jamming; be by traditional semistor (PTC) and at least one (GRV) or (CRV) assembly after the overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series in Fig. 1-1a to 1-1c; top (1) is as outside line input a; end (2) is not as outside line input b ground connection; first centre tap (3) with the end (2) respectively as the output a ' of interior circuit and the output b ' of interior circuit; first kind of voltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV can be used as power line; the overcurrent in the band time limit of unbalanced signal line input; overvoltage differential mode mode is protected, and its failure mode is open circuit; high-impedance state.

Fig. 1-2 is that the device of second kind of overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV embodiment in the means for anti-jamming connects electrical schematic diagram, is by connect with at least two assembly after at least one overvoltage protection characteristic element parallel connection in the overvoltage protection characteristic element of the semistor (PTC) of resistance R and traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC) formation in parallel modification or traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC) in Fig. 1-2 a to 1-2f; Adopt among Fig. 1-2 b to 1-2f (GRV) connect with (CRV), since (GRV) limited (CRV) arcing overvoltage promptly constitute no afterflow, leakage current little, hang down residual voltage and promptly hang down and keep that automatic recovery time is the voltage protection characteristic assembly of μ s level behind voltage, the over-voltage breakdown; (Fig. 1-2 a) in (Fig. 1-2 f) top (1) as outside line input a, end (2) is not as outside line input b, can ground connection, ground connection behind the overvoltage protection characteristic of also can the connecting device, can also be as the centre tap that constitutes by assembly ZRV in the voltage divider, (GRV) with (CRV) two series connection overvoltage protection characteristic element in first centre tap (3) with after correlation technique characteristic device is connected, and the voltage signal of the action command of transmission related device is converted to first centre tap (3) and the prebreakdown current signal of the overvoltage protection characteristic element between the end (2) not, control in the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (GRV) and (CRV) electric current variable and top (1) of channels in series, the threshold discharge voltage at end (2) two ends with and keep the voltage quantities of voltage and the variable of discharge time; (Fig. 1-2 a) its failure mode of assembly is that short circuit, low impedance state are outer, its failure mode of (Fig. 1-2 b) to (Fig. 1-2 f) assembly is open circuit, high-impedance state; (GRV) among Fig. 1-2 e in the two ends, (1) (3) is many PN junctions type metal oxide varistor in band gaseous state gap, and (CRV) is the three-pole gas discharge tube among Fig. 1-2 f; Second kind of overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV) can be used as the overvoltage protection of power line, holding wire, also can with its failure mode of time limit be certain resistance states overvoltage protection, can also current limliting and its failure mode of pressure limiting be the overvoltage protection of short circuit or low resistive state.

Fig. 1-the 3rd, the device of the third overvoltage protection characteristic assembly embodiment connects electrical schematic diagram in the means for anti-jamming, be traditional semistor (PTC) and solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element (GRV) or gaseous state overvoltage protection characteristic element (CRV) assembly in parallel in Fig. 1-3a to Fig. 1-3d, top (1) and between the end (2) optional solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element (GRV) or gaseous state overvoltage protection characteristic element (CRV), its failure mode correspond to the assembly of short circuit low impedance state or open circuit, high-impedance state respectively; First centre tap (3) is connected the back and the voltage signal of the action command of transmits related device is converted to first centre tap (3) and the prebreakdown current signal of not holding the overvoltage protection characteristic element between (2) among Fig. 1-3C with correlation technique characteristic device, the threshold discharge voltage of control three-pole gas discharge tube (GRV) top (1) in the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly, hold electric current variable between (2) two ends and its top (1), holding (2) two ends with and keep the voltage quantities of voltage; When the third assembly carries out tandem-type connection with relevant overvoltage protection characteristic device; produce voltage drop as electric current its two ends, thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC) back of flowing through, surpassing the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly of prescribing a time limit as current limliting under the pressure limiting situation of overvoltage protection characteristic element (GRV) and (CRV) discharge threshold voltage or be no more than following assembly of prescribing a time limit of pressure limiting situation as current limliting.

Fig. 1-the 4th, the device of the 4th kind of overvoltage protection characteristic assembly embodiment connects electrical schematic diagram in the means for anti-jamming, in Fig. 1-4a to Fig. 1-4m be by the resistance R semistor (PTC) that constitutes modification in parallel or traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC) and at least two (GRV) and (CRV) with traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient or (GRV) with after at least one the overvoltage protection characteristic element in (GRV) overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series is in parallel again with (GRV) or (CRV) assembly (ZRV) after the overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series; (Fig. 1-4a), (Fig. 1-4i), (Fig. 1-4k) its failure mode of assembly is short circuit, low impedance state, among all the other Fig. 1-4 its failure mode of assembly (ZRV) of modification in parallel or traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC) respectively correspondence be certain resistance R state or open circuit, high-impedance state; First centre tap (3) or second centre tap (4) can be used as second or the 3rd superpotential input of threshold in the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV) in Fig. 1-4a to Fig. 1-4g, can also be with after correlation technique characteristic device be connected, and be first centre tap (3) and between the end (2) or second centre tap (4) and the prebreakdown current signal of not holding the overvoltage protection characteristic element between (2) with second or the 3rd threshold voltage conversion of signals of the action command of transmission related device, control top (1) in the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV), the discharging current variable of three or four threshold voltages of overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series passage in end (2) two ends, with and top (1), end (2) two ends are not by resistance R and traditional overvoltage protection characteristic element path of thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC) polyphone, and two, three, corresponding one of four overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series paths, two, three, four threshold discharge voltages with and keep the voltage quantities of voltage and the variable of discharge time; (Fig. 1-4h) to (Fig. 1-4j) top (1) and end (2) respectively with power line, the connection of holding wire is respectively as outside line input a and b, first centre tap (3) ground connection, also can overvoltage protection characteristic device one end with after first centre tap (3) is connected, other end ground connection, second centre tap (4) with not the end (2) corresponding respectively output a ' as the interior circuit of overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV), b ', among top (1) and second centre tap (4) by traditional semistor (PTC) with after solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element (GRV) or gaseous state overvoltage protection characteristic element (CRV) are in parallel, again and second centre tap (4) and the overvoltage protection characteristic element of end between (2) constitute voltage divider and be in series, when electric current flows through that its two ends, thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC) back produce that voltage drop surpasses overvoltage protection characteristic element (GRV) in parallel with it or (CRV) during the discharge threshold voltage, temperature coefficient thermistor element (PTC) electric current is shunted, and to be kept voltage institute clamped at two ends, when its two ends generation voltage drop surpasses overvoltage protection characteristic element (GRV) in parallel with it and (CRV) discharges threshold voltage after electric current is flowed through thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC), have only low-impedance temperature coefficient thermistor element (PTC) to play current limliting and prescribe a time limit, top (1) and the end (2) between overvoltage protection characteristic device can be used as power line, the current limliting of at least two threshold voltages of holding wire, the overvoltage protection of pressure limiting; Fig. 1-4k, be to be connected with overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series respectively among Fig. 1-4m first centre tap (3) and second centre tap (4) by the two ends after traditional semistor (PTC) and solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element (GRV) or gaseous state overvoltage protection characteristic element (CRV) parallel connection, when electric current flows through that its two ends, thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC) back produce that voltage drop surpasses overvoltage protection characteristic element (GRV) in parallel with it or (CRV) during the discharge threshold voltage, temperature coefficient thermistor element (PTC) electric current is close to the road and is shunted, and to be kept voltage institute clamped at two ends, when its two ends generation voltage drop surpasses overvoltage protection characteristic element (GRV) in parallel with it and (CRV) discharges threshold voltage after electric current is flowed through thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC), having only low-impedance temperature coefficient thermistor element (PTC) to play current limliting prescribes a time limit, top (1), end (2) is not respectively as power line, the input a of holding wire, b, first centre tap (3) can ground connection, ground connection after also can connecting with overvoltage protection characteristic device again, overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV) can be used as power line, the holding wire current limliting, the overvoltage protection of pressure limiting; By (Fig. 1-4h) is to (first centre tap (3) of the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV) of Fig. 1-4j) is connected with the grounding electrode line PE in three core band ground pins and the socket, also can with overvoltage protection characteristic device series connection after be connected with grounding electrode line PE in three core band ground pins and the socket again, top (1) and second centre tap (2) corresponding respectively with three core band ground pins in live wire L electrode be connected with zero line N electrode and be connected second centre tap (4), end (2) is connected with live wire L electrode in the three core band grounding receptacles respectively, zero line N electrode connects and composes the plug of three core band ground connection, the single-phase anti-interference connector assembly device of socket; Also can be by (Fig. 1-4h) is to (first centre tap (3) in the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV) of Fig. 1-4j) only is connected with grounding electrode line PE in the three core band grounding receptacles, also can only be connected with overvoltage protection characteristic device series connection back with grounding electrode line PE in the three core band grounding receptacles, top (1) is not connected second centre tap (4) with corresponding respectively the connection with zero line N electrode with the live wire L electrode in the ground pin with two cores of second centre tap (2), end (2) is connected with live wire L electrode in the three core band grounding receptacles respectively, zero line N electrode connects and composes two cores not with the single-phase anti-interference connector assembly device of ground pin and three core band grounding receptacles; By (Fig. 1-4k); (first centre tap (3) of the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV) of Fig. 1-4m) is connected with the grounding electrode line PE in three core band ground pins and the socket; also can with overvoltage protection characteristic device series connection after be connected with grounding electrode line PE in three core band ground pins and the socket again; top (1) and end (2) not respectively corresponding with three core band ground pins in live wire L electrode be connected with zero line N electrode and be connected; top (1); corresponding respectively and in the three core band grounding receptacles the again live wire L electrodes of end (2) are not connected; zero line N electrode connects and composes three core band ground pins; the single-phase anti-interference connector assembly device of socket; also can be by (Fig. 1-4k); (first centre tap (3) of the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV) of Fig. 1-4m) only is connected with grounding electrode line PE in the three core band grounding receptacles; also can only be connected with overvoltage protection characteristic device series connection back with grounding electrode line PE in the three core band grounding receptacles; top (1) with not the end (2) corresponding respectively connection with zero line N electrode be connected top (1) with the live wire L electrode in the ground pin with two cores; end (2) is connected with live wire L electrode in the three core band grounding receptacles again respectively; zero line N electrode connects and composes two cores not with the single-phase anti-interference connector assembly device of ground pin and three core band grounding receptacles.

Fig. 1-the 5th, the device of the 5th kind of overvoltage protection characteristic assembly embodiment connects electrical schematic diagram in the means for anti-jamming, in Fig. 1-5a to 1-5f, can be electrically connected in series by at least one variable gaseous state gap discharge element (WCV) and overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV), and the movable insulating bar (12) that the band color marker can be set, the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCV) that can also again electric contact be set and be constituted, top (1) with the end (2) respectively with outside line input a, b connects, k1, k2 make and break contact terminals are connected with the body interlock circuit respectively, also can be used as the make and break contact of remote control, the status indication whether the band color marker of movable insulating bar (12) changes as variable gaseous state gap discharge element (WCV) discharge sheet clearance distance; In the electric power pool of high pressure 6Kv to 35Kv neutral point indirect earthing, may there be single phase ground fault, allow 1.5h～2h band single phase ground fault operation again, and this moment non-fault phase lightning arrester, multiple overvoltage discharge such as power frequency or resonance takes place again in voltage suppressor, and when three-phase four-wire system hinders the voltage that makes single-phase 110～220v alternating-current system for some reason and occurs being higher than normal high voltage, can adopt above or below overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) or upper and lower is electrically connected in series variable gaseous state gap discharge element (WCV) at least one temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCV), variable gaseous state gap discharge element (WCV) is to utilize sphere recessed, the marmem SMA sheet of convex form directly or indirectly touches lightning arrester, the overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) of voltage suppressor, come its overload of perception overvoltage protection element or assembly or inefficacy and temperature rise during to a certain limiting temperature, sphere is recessed, the marmem of convex form (SMA) sheet causes when a certain limit protruding because of temperature rise, the plastic deformation of concavity; Utilize marmem (SMA) sheet of spherical shape to return to the protruding of typing at high temperature, during concave shape, plastic displacement that is produced and actuating force, drive the discharge sheet of variable gaseous state gap discharge element (WCV) by the movable insulating bar (12) of band color marker, change the clearance distance of gas discharge sheet, automatically change the discharge threshold voltage set point of variable gaseous state gap discharge element (WCV) the intermediate gap discharge sheet of series connection in the overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV), the closure that can also drive electric contact with cut-off, can also drive disconnector work, temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCV) can also be respectively: drive the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCVS) of doing indication, the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCVS) of belt switch contact, drive the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCVSK) of making indication and make and break contact; When (Fig. 1-5a) top in (1-5f) (1) and end (2) not respectively with outside line input a, b is connected and constitute during end (2) ground connection chargeability low can from motion tracking discharge more than two threshold voltage, can also have the action indication, adopt from recovering or manual reversion the discharge clearance distance of sheet and the means for anti-jamming that at least two threshold voltages of at least one pair of electric contact can also be set; (Fig. 1-5d) top (1) and end (2) not in (1-5f) are connected the means for anti-jamming can constitute the voltage that prevents single-phase 110～220v alternating-current system when being connected with zero line N electrode and occur being higher than normal high voltage the time respectively with live wire L electrode in earth-free plug of two cores or the socket, its failure mode for open a way, high-impedance state also can also suppress to be higher than first discharge the threshold earth-free plug of superpotential two cores or socket; Earth-free plug of two cores or socket can also be respectively: the earth-free plug of two cores or socket, the earth-free plug of two cores of belt switch contact or the earth-free plug of two cores or the socket of socket, the indication of drive do and make and break contact of indication made in drive; Can also be as lightning arrester or drop type lightning arrester, the excess voltage suppressor of three-phase four stars connection or the means for anti-jamming of drop type excess voltage suppressor of high pressure, ultrahigh voltage power system.The top (1) of marmem thermoswitch LK is connected with outside line input a, b respectively with not holding (2) in Fig. 1-5g to 1-51, k1, k2 or at least one pair of make and break contact terminals can be respectively with overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV) or overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) in top (1) or end (2) carry out serial or parallel connection and be electrically connected, also can be connected as closure, the switch that cut-offs, the status indication whether the band color marker of movable insulating bar (12) moves as k1, k2 make and break contact or at least one pair of make and break contact with circuit; At Fig. 1-5g, marmem thermoswitch LK can be used as lightning arrester among Fig. 1-5h, excess voltage suppressor uses, it is that employing is recessed, the marmem sheet SMA of protruding sphere shape directly or indirectly touches and overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV), when perception overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) or overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV) are to the utmost point prescribed a time limit because of the overload temperature rise, recessed, the marmem SMA sheet of protruding sphere shape returns to the protruding of former typing at high temperature, the plastic deformation of spill, with and the distortion displacement and the actuating force that are produced, come driving switch contact terminals k1 by movable insulating bar (11), k2 cut-offs, at (make and break contact terminals k1 among Fig. 1-5g), k2 cut-offs and cuts off overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) circuit of series connection with it, (make and break contact terminals k1 among Fig. 1-5h), k2 is used for cutting off the electrical connection of interlock circuit; At Fig. 1-5i, marmem thermoswitch LK is that employing is recessed among the 1-5j, the marmem sheet SMA of protruding sphere shape directly or indirectly contact reaches and overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) or overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV), when perception overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) or overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV) are to the utmost point prescribed a time limit because of the overload temperature rise, recessed, the marmem SMA sheet of protruding sphere shape returns to the protruding of former typing at high temperature, the plastic deformation of spill, with and the distortion displacement and the actuating force that are produced, come the driving switch electric contact to make contact terminals k1 by movable insulating bar (11), closure state takes place in k2, come the top (1) of short circuit overvoltage protection characteristic device R V in parallel with it or overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV) and do not hold (2) two ends, make overload current in overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) or the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV) by by-pass shunt, overload current is eliminated and top (1) is 0v with the voltage at end (2) two ends not, until overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) or overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV) temperature rise from return to normal after, protruding, the marmem of spill (SMA) sheet returns to recessed, convex, make and break contact terminals k1, k2 returns to the state of cut-offfing; At Fig. 1-5k, drive the marmem thermoswitch LKS that does indication among the 1-51: be by conduction, recessed by less than the radius of a ball in the housing of heat conduction, the marmem of protruding sphere shape (SMA) sheet, electric contact constitutes, recessed, the marmem of protruding sphere shape (SMA) sheet can directly or indirectly contact and overvoltage protection characteristic device R V1, V1 to the utmost point prescribes a time limit because of the overload temperature rise when perception overvoltage protection characteristic device R, return to the protruding of former typing at high temperature, the plastic deformation of spill, with and the distortion displacement and the actuating force that are produced, driving the electric contact lever arm by movable insulating bar (11) makes, after the static closing of contact, can make (make and break contact terminals k1 among Fig. 1-5k), k2 is electrically connected with interlock circuit respectively, the electric contact lever arm is electrically connected with top (1) in the overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1), when not end (2) ground connection in the overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1), the overvoltage of interlock circuit is suppressed by overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1), also can make make and break contact terminals k1 among Fig. 1-51, k2 respectively with overvoltage protection characteristic device R V2, the top of RV3 (1) is electrically connected or is electrically connected with interlock circuit, the electric contact lever arm is electrically connected with top (1) in the overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1), when not end (2) ground connection in the overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1), make overvoltage protection characteristic device R V2, the overvoltage of the top of RV3 (1) or interlock circuit is suppressed by overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1), and that driven by movable insulating bar (11) and the band color marker band movable insulating bar of color marker (12) are as k1, the status indication whether make and break contact at k2 two ends moves; Marmem thermoswitch LK can also be respectively band from the marmem thermoswitch LK that resets, have the action indication adopts from recovering or the marmem thermoswitch LKS of manual reversion; The marmem thermoswitch LKS that Fig. 1-5k, 1-51 drive does to indicate is electrically connected with related device and can be made into the anti-interference Security Unit device product on the distributing frame in the Information Technology Equipment.

Fig. 2-the 1st, the device of first kind of dynamic overvoltage limiter embodiment connects electrical schematic diagram in the means for anti-jamming, in Fig. 2-1a to Fig. 2-1f by the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV) of connect with overvoltage protection characteristic element (RV) again after traditional semistor (PTC) and the parallel connection of overvoltage protection characteristic element, first kind of dynamic overvoltage limiter of formation afterwards in parallel with overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) again; Top (1) is not connected power input L, the N that is connected with zero line N electrode as the single phase distribution system with the live wire L electrode in the ground pin with end (2) is not corresponding respectively with two cores, first centre tap (3) and not hold (2) be the means for anti-jamming of short circuit, low impedance state as power output end L ', the pressure limiting of N ' formation, the dynamic overvoltage limiter (DVL) of current limliting, its failure mode of the firewire electrode L of single phase distribution system, zero wire electrode N respectively; First centre tap (3) and solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element (GRV) or the electric current variable of the overvoltage discharging current passage of gaseous state overvoltage protection characteristic element (CRV) and the variable of discharge time, the voltage quantities of end between (2) controlledly are formed on top (1) and the semistor (PTC) between the end (2) the not impedance variation in parallel with overvoltage protection characteristic element and top (1), hold the discharge overvoltage at (2) two ends, the impedance variation of overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV).

Fig. 2-the 2nd, the device of second kind of dynamic overvoltage limiter embodiment connects electrical schematic diagram in the means for anti-jamming, is connected second kind of dynamic overvoltage limiter that the back constitutes with the centre tap (3) of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider by overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) end in Fig. 2-2a to Fig. 2-2e; The top (1) of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider, end (2) is as outside line input, the 3rd interface (6) ground connection, constitutes the means for anti-jamming of at least two multi-door sill voltages of differential mode that the vertical, horizontal overvoltage suppresses, common mode protected mode; Overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) is according to the technical indicator of different overvoltage protections, according in gaseous state or the solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element and the assembly of the overvoltage protection characteristic of the gaseous state of the corresponding structure of different technologies parameters selection of the assembly of overvoltage protection characteristic or solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element and corresponding performance.

Fig. 2-the 3rd, the device of the third dynamic overvoltage limiter embodiment connects electrical schematic diagram in the means for anti-jamming, in Fig. 2-3a to Fig. 2-3b, by the semistor (PTC1) of tradition or modification (PTC2) respectively with at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider in (RV2) the third dynamic overvoltage limiter of constituting of back in parallel of overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1); First interface (4) and second interface (5) as is connected with relevant external circuit, top (1), hold (2) as the outside line input, centre tap (3) ground connection, also can overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) end be connected back, other end ground connection, constitute the means for anti-jamming of at least two multi-door sill voltages of differential mode that the vertical, horizontal overvoltage suppresses, common mode protected mode with centre tap (3); Overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) is according to the technical indicator of different overvoltage protections, according in gaseous state or the solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element and the assembly of the overvoltage protection characteristic of the gaseous state of the corresponding structure of different technologies parameters selection of the assembly of overvoltage protection characteristic or solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element and corresponding performance.

Fig. 2-the 4th, the device of the 4th kind of dynamic overvoltage limiter embodiment connects electrical schematic diagram in the means for anti-jamming, in Fig. 2-4a to Fig. 2-4b, by the semistor (PTC1) of tradition or modification (PTC2) respectively with at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider in (RV2) the 4th kind of dynamic overvoltage limiter constituting of back in parallel of overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1); Top (1), the end (2) as live wire L and zero line N input, centre tap (3) ground connection, also can overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) end be connected back, other end ground connection with centre tap (3), light-emitting diode FD1 has the electricity indication as power supply, the means for anti-jamming of the differential mode that the power supply vertical, horizontal overvoltage of formation single phase distribution system suppresses, at least two multi-door sill voltages of common mode protected mode; Overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) is according to the technical indicator of different overvoltage protections; according in gaseous state or the solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element and the assembly of the overvoltage protection characteristic of the gaseous state of the corresponding structure of different technologies parameters selection of the assembly of overvoltage protection characteristic or solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element and corresponding performance, can to constitute its failure mode be open circuit, high-impedance state or short circuit, low resistive state, the means for anti-jamming of the single phase distribution system of certain resistance states is arranged.

Fig. 2-the 5th, the circuit diagram of the 5th kind of dynamic overvoltage limiter embodiment in the means for anti-jamming, in Fig. 2-5a by three utmost point discharge tubes (CRV1) and a tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider after overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) is connected, by the centre tap (4) in the voltage divider in parallel with two ends, top (1) one by the resistance R semistor (PTC1) that constitutes modification in parallel with traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient, or in parallel traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC1), constitute the 4th kind of overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV); Connect by two overvoltage protection characteristic assemblies (ZRV) again and draw first centre tap (3) and constitute a tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider again, and at the 3rd interface (6) that constitutes voltage divider and first interface (4) two ends and the 4th interface (7) and second interface (5) two ends traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC2), (PTC4) in parallel respectively reconstitute the 5th kind of dynamic overvoltage limiter assembly VDL of three grades of threshold voltages, wherein the secondary threshold voltage be current limliting, in limited time, the threshold voltage that discharges of pressure limiting; Top (1) by the 5th kind of dynamic overvoltage limiter assembly VDL, end (2) two ends in parallel one by diode D1, resistance R 1, the power supply energising indication component of light-emitting diode FD1 is also respectively as the live wire L that the AC power cord of certain internal resistance r is arranged, the input of zero line N, first centre tap (3) ground connection, the 3rd interface (6), one time in parallel of the 4th interface (7) two ends by traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC2) serial connection fourth stage threshold voltage overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV3), pass through capacitor C 1 again, common-mode choke coil L1 on the same iron core, behind the low pass filter of L2, the live wire L that the AC power cord of certain internal resistance r is arranged by two ports of circuit (L ') in corresponding and (N ') conduct, the output of zero line N, vertical as having level Four, the overvoltage protection of horizontal overvoltage absorbing path and the differential mode after low-pass filtering, its failure mode of common mode protected mode is for having one to be resistance R state means for anti-jamming; After the normally closed switch contact terminals k2 that Fig. 2-5b Fig. 2-5c is made of modification resistance R and traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient parallel connection semistor (PTC1) and an overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) part parallel connected end (1) and drive the marmem thermoswitch (LKS) of doing indication is connected, normally closed switch contact terminals k1 with not the end (2) two ends in parallel one by diode D1, resistance R 1, behind the power supply energising indication component of light-emitting diode FD1, (first centre tap (3) ground connection among Fig. 2-5b), normally closed switch contact terminals k1 and at end (2) not respectively as the live wire L of AC power cord, the input of zero line N, constitute single-phase two wires of distribution system or three-way indulging, the differential mode that transverse over voltage suppresses, its failure mode of common mode protected mode is short circuit, the low resistive state means for anti-jamming, in that (normally closed switch contact terminals k1 is connected with the live wire L input of AC power cord with thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC2) the series connection back of modification among Fig. 2-5c), end (2) is not connected with zero line N input, normally closed switch contact terminals k1 and end (2) are respectively as the live wire L of AC power cord, the output of zero line N (L '), (N '), the live wire L of formation AC power cord, the input two ends of zero line N, two its failure modes of threshold overvoltage protection are the means for anti-jamming of certain resistance state; Marmem (SMA) sheet that drive to do sphere shape in the marmem thermoswitch (LKS) of indication (can directly or indirectly contact among Fig. 2-5b) and overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV2) (RV3); (can directly or indirectly contact and overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV2) among Fig. 2-5c); (overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV2) (RV3) among Fig. 2-5b) when perception; (overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV2) among Fig. 2-5c); because of the overload or short circuit inefficacy temperature rise to the utmost point prescribe a time limit; normally closed switch contact terminals k1; k2 disconnects; the band color marker of movable insulating bar (12) stretches out with temperature indicating and rises to the limit and move; movable insulating bar (11) can also break away from the displacement that is electrically connected as displacement or the generation that push rod make device produce charged connection; when temperature rise returns to the non-limit; normally closed switch contact terminals k1; the k2 closure, the movable insulating bar (12) of band color marker can indentation be normal to show from resetting; also can by machinery pin can't be with marmem (SMA) sheet synchronously from resetting not retractable moved and should reset to show by artificial propelling.Fig. 2-5d drives the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCVS1) of doing indication by two; (TCVS2) after the series connection; overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV3) is with after centre tap end (3) is connected; other end ground connection is as single-phase two wires of distribution system or three-way indulging; the superpotential differential mode of horizontal overvoltage absorbing path; its failure mode of common mode protected mode is open circuit; high-impedance state can change the means for anti-jamming of discharge threshold voltage set point automatically; Fig. 2-5e is indicated with drive by band normal open switch contact terminals k1; be connected with the live wire L input of AC power cord more again with after traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC2) is connected after top (1) series connection of the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCVSK) of make and break contact; end (2) is not connected with zero line N input; normal open switch contact terminals k2 with the end (2) two ends with by diode D1; resistance R 1; the overvoltage of power supply indication component parallel connection of light-emitting diode FD1; drive and indicate; the top (1) of the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCVSK) of make and break contact; end (2) is respectively as the live wire L of AC power cord; the output of zero line N (L ') and (N '); constitute the live wire L of AC power cord; two its failure modes of threshold overvoltage protection in the input two ends of zero line N are open circuit; the high-impedance state means for anti-jamming; (Fig. 2-5d); (Fig. 2-5e) the band color marker of the movable insulating bar (12) of middle temperature-sensitive gap discharge device stretches out to show space change and moves; movable insulating bar (12) can also break away from the displacement that is electrically connected as displacement or the generation that push rod make device produce charged connection; when temperature rise returns to the non-limit; can also make normal open switch contact terminals k1; k2 cut-offs, and the band color marker of movable insulating bar can indentation be normal to show from resetting; also can by machinery pin can't be with marmem (SMA) sheet synchronously from resetting not retractable moved and should reset to show by artificial propelling.

Fig. 2-the 6th is in the means for anti-jamming in the circuit diagram of the 6th kind of dynamic overvoltage limiter embodiment, by overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV3) end ground connection, the other end and two ends two the superpotential overvoltage protection characteristic of threshold device assembly ZRV one end ground connection that constitute in parallel with overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV4) again after the semistor (PTC3) that is made of modification resistance R and traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient parallel connection is connected, the other end and two overvoltage protection characteristic devices (RV1), (RV2) the first centre tap end (3) of series connection voltage divider connects, the top (1) of at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider, end (2) two ends respectively with traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC1) of current limliting, (PTC2) series connection back corresponding (4), (5) two ends, half conduits (SA1) of two ends forward and reverse characteristic unanimity in parallel, top (1), end (2) is respectively as the input (a) of signal data line, (b), (4), (5) two ends are as the output (a ') of signal data line, (b '), the first centre tap end (3) draw the expansion end of interface end (j) as interior circuit function, earth terminal PE and drawing can be used as accessory power supply and detects overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV3) between the interface end (j), (RV4) passage of presence, it is vertical to constitute at least secondary, the overvoltage differential mode that transverse over voltage suppresses, at least two threshold overvoltage differences of common mode protected mode are touched protection, the low means for anti-jamming of keeping voltage; Technical indicator according to different overvoltage protections; select gaseous state or the solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element and the assembly (ZRV) of corresponding structure for use according to the technical characteristic of different technologies parameter in gaseous state or the solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element and different assembly (ZRV); can constitute its failure mode is short circuit; low resistive state; also can constitute its failure mode and be open circuit; high-impedance state can also constitute the television network that its failure mode is certain resistance state; satellite TV's parabola antenna; broadband networks; communication equipment; the prevention of Information Technology Equipment and the superpotential means for anti-jamming of inhibition.

Fig. 2-7 and Fig. 2-8a are the circuit diagrams of the 7th kind of dynamic overvoltage limiter embodiment in the means for anti-jamming, at Fig. 2-7a, Fig. 2-7b, among Fig. 2-8a by three utmost point discharge tubes (CRV1) and a tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider after overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) is connected, by the centre tap (4) in the voltage divider in parallel with two ends, top (1) one by the resistance R semistor (PTC1) that constitutes modification in parallel with traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient, or in parallel traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC1), constitute the 4th kind of overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV1), (ZRV2); Connect by two overvoltage protection characteristic assemblies (ZRV1), (ZRV2) again and draw first centre tap (3) and constitute a tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider again, and at the 3rd interface (6) that constitutes voltage divider again and first interface (4) two ends and the 4th interface (7) and second interface (5) two ends traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC2) in parallel, the dynamic overvoltage limiter assembly VDL that (PTC4) reconstitutes three grades of threshold voltages respectively, wherein the secondary threshold voltage be current limliting, in limited time, the threshold voltage that discharges of pressure limiting; Top in Fig. 2-7a (1), end (2) two ends in parallel one by resistance R 1, diode D1, the power supply energising indication component of light-emitting diode FD1, and connect by light-emitting diode FD2 at resistance R 1 place, the overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) that isolating diode D2 constitutes, (RV2) whether operate as normal or failed indication component, the 3rd interface (6), one time in parallel of the 4th interface (7) two ends by traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC2) serial connection fourth stage threshold voltage overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV3), pass through capacitor C 1 again, common-mode choke coil L1 on the same iron core, behind the low pass filter of L2, after terminals k2 of normally closed switch contact that at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider top (1) and LKS drive the marmem thermoswitch LKS that does indication is connected, another terminals of normally closed switch contact k1, end (2) two ends are respectively as the live wire L of the AC power cord of little internal resistance r, the input of zero line N, first centre tap (3) ground connection, overvoltage protection characteristic device R V ground connection behind the overvoltage protection characteristic of also can the connecting device R V, by two ports of circuit (L ') in corresponding with (N ') the live wire L as the AC power cord of little internal resistance r, the output of zero line N, first interface (4), second interface (5) is drawn interface end (j1) respectively, (j2) as the expansion end of interior circuit function, earth terminal PE respectively with draw interface end (j1), (j2) detect overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) as accessory power supply between, (RV2) passage of presence constitutes and to have that level Four is vertical at least, transverse over voltage suppresses protection and the differential mode after low-pass filtering, its failure mode of common mode protected mode is the means for anti-jamming of certain resistance R state; In Fig. 2-7b by first interface (4), second interface (5) is through isolating diode D1, draw interface end (j1) behind the D2 respectively, detect overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) as accessory power supply between earth terminal PE and the interface end (j2), (RV2) passage of presence, light-emitting diode FD1, current-limiting resistance R1 is as overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1), (RV2) whether operate as normal or failed indication component, the 3rd interface (6), one time in parallel of the 4th interface (7) two ends by traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC2) serial connection fourth stage threshold voltage overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV3), pass through capacitor C 1 again, common-mode choke coil L1 on the same iron core, L2, capacitor C 2, behind the logical false signal band pass filter of the middle exit ground connection in C3 series connection back, first centre tap (3) ground connection, behind the overvoltage protection characteristic of also can the connecting device R V, overvoltage protection characteristic device R V ground connection, at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider top (1), end (2) two ends not can be used as the live wire (L) of the AC power cord of certain internal resistance r and the input of zero line (N) respectively, also can be used as the signal data line (a) and (b) input of signal, by two ports of circuit (L ') in corresponding and N ') as the live wire (L) of the AC power cord of certain internal resistance r and the output of zero line (N) are arranged, also can be used as the output (a ') and (b ') of corresponding signal data line, draw interface end (j1), (j2) as the expansion end of interior circuit function, earth terminal PE respectively with draw interface end (j1), (j2) can be used as accessory power supply between and detect overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1), (RV2) passage of presence constitutes and to have that level Four is vertical at least, the overvoltage protection of horizontal overvoltage absorbing path and the differential mode behind logical false signal bandpass filtering, its failure mode of common mode protected mode is the means for anti-jamming of certain resistance R state; Overvoltage protection characteristic device R V one end is with after first centre tap (3) is connected in Fig. 2-8a, overvoltage protection characteristic device R V other end ground connection, first centre tap (3) other end is with after light-emitting diode FD1 one end is connected, the light-emitting diode FD1 other end is as drawing interface end (j1), earth terminal PE respectively and draw and can be used as accessory power supply between the interface end (j1) and detect overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV3) presence whether operate as normal or failed passage, at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider top (1), end (2) two ends not can be used as the live wire (L) of the AC power cord of certain internal resistance r and the input of zero line (N) respectively, also can be used as the signal data line (a) and (b) input of signal, conduct has the live wire (L) of the AC power cord of certain internal resistance r and the output of zero line (N) with (N ') by two ports of circuit (L ') in corresponding, also can be used as the output (a ') and (b ') of corresponding signal data line, formation has at least three grades and indulges, the differential mode that transverse over voltage suppresses, its failure mode of common mode protected mode is the means for anti-jamming of certain resistance R state; (Fig. 2-7a), (Fig. 2-7b), among Fig. 2-8a, among the dynamic overvoltage limiter assembly VDL of three grades of threshold voltages, overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) in the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV1) is as the superpotential input of first order threshold, first centre tap (6) is as the superpotential input of second level threshold in the gaseous state overvoltage protection characteristic element (CRV1), the top (1) of gaseous state overvoltage protection characteristic element (CRV1) is as the superpotential input of third level threshold, equally, by the overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV2) in the overvoltage protection characteristic assembly (ZRV2) as the superpotential input of first order threshold, in the gaseous state overvoltage protection characteristic element (CRV2) first centre tap (7) as second by the superpotential input of threshold, the not end (2) of gaseous state overvoltage protection characteristic element (CRV2) is as the superpotential input of third level threshold; As ground wire PE, vertical overvoltage takes place because of the fault of touching other phase sequence live wire causes transverse over voltage and do not respond to thunder simultaneously in zero line N, and when having the overvoltage of different threshold voltage values more than two kinds and two, the fault overvoltage of the different threshold voltage values between between two lines and the line ground carries over the first order, between partial two lines and the first order, partial line discharges between the ground, the first order, after second level threshold overvoltage is discharged, open third level threshold overvoltage current by pass again and discharge so that through after the abundant discharge with its top (1), end (2) two ends exist the overvoltage of different threshold voltage values more than two kinds and two to maintain the clamping voltage of setting, the first order of the dynamic overvoltage limiter of three grades of threshold voltages during this period, even second level discharge current by pass is open circuit, high resistant and losing efficacy, (CRV1) of this circuit, (CRV2) still can guide bigger induction thunder discharging current to discharge by third level current by pass.

Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the dynamic overvoltage limiter Security Unit embodiment of local telephone communication distribution plant in the means for anti-jamming, after in Fig. 3-1, constituting the semistor (PTC1) of modification or traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC1) and overvoltage protection characteristic device R V1 parallel connection, connect behind the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V2 again, constitute overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV by resistance R and traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient parallel connection; By at least one the tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider that reconstructs a centre tap (3) after two overvoltage protection characteristic assembly ZRV series connection; First interface (4) of voltage divider, traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC1) of second interface (5) difference correspondence and current limliting, (PTC2) connect and draw the corresponding interface end (j2), (j3) make expansion end as interior circuit function, overvoltage protection characteristic device R V5 one end is with after first centre tap (3) one ends are connected, overvoltage protection characteristic device R V5 other end ground connection, first centre tap (3) other end is with after light-emitting diode FD1 one end is connected, the light-emitting diode FD1 other end is as drawing interface end (j1), earth terminal PE respectively and draw and can be used as accessory power supply between the interface end (j1) and detect overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV3) presence whether operate as normal information or the passage that did not lose efficacy, at least one tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider top (1), end (2) two ends are respectively as the signal data line (a) and (b) input of signal, traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC1), (PTC2) by the output (a ') and (b ') of two ports of circuit in corresponding as corresponding signal data line; Constitute the secondary threshold voltage, wherein the first order be current limliting, in limited time, the threshold overvoltage limiter of pressure limiting discharge with and failure mode decide on (RV1), (RV3), (PTC1), (PTC3) device property, its can be have certain resistance states, also can be the open circuit, high-impedance state, after two the superpotential dynamic overvoltage limiter of secondary threshold assembly ZRV series connection, formation has thick, the thin overvoltage inhibition of secondary vertical, horizontal, the differential mode of overcurrent protection, the anti-interference Security Unit device of common mode protected mode; In Fig. 3-2 by two overvoltage protection characteristic devices (RV1); (RV2) the series connection back constitutes a tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider; the top of voltage divider (1); hold traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC1) of (2) two ends difference correspondence and current limliting; (PTC2) connect the output (a ') and (b ') of back as corresponding signal data line; the top of voltage divider (1); the end (2) two ends respectively as the input (a) of signal data line signal with (b); two marmem thermoswitches (LKS1); marmem (SMA) sheet of the sphere shape (LKS2) can directly or indirectly touch two corresponding overvoltage protection characteristic devices (RV1) respectively; (RV2), when perception overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1); (RV2) certain is because of overload or short circuit inefficacy in; through 0.24I ²Promptly flowing through certain overvoltage discharging current behind the Rt generation heat generated heat with certain discharge time, cause temperature rise to the utmost point to be prescribed a time limit, the marmem of its corresponding sphere shape (SMA) sheet produces displacement and the actuating force that plastic deformation produced, drive the electric contact lever arm by movable insulating bar (11) and make corresponding normal open switch contact terminals k1, the k2 conducting, make corresponding overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) or (RV2) be short-circuit ground and shunt, and accessory power supply is connected light-emitting diode FD1 and is sent the alarm light and send the level signal of alarm by drawing interface end (j1), the band color marker of the movable insulating bar (12) of band color marker stretches out to show action, movable insulating bar (11) can also break away from the displacement that is electrically connected as displacement or the generation that push rod make device produce charged connection, when the overvoltage discharging current stops or the overload disappearance, when temperature rise returns to the non-limit, Bi He make and break contact terminals k1, k2 can be with marmem (SMA) sheet of sphere shape from resetting and return to certainly and cut-off normality, the band color marker of movable insulating bar (12) can indentation be normal to show from resetting, also can by machinery pin can't be with marmem (SMA) sheet synchronously from resetting not retractable move and should reset to show by artificial propelling, formation is indulged, horizontal is thick, thin overvoltage suppresses, the differential mode of overcurrent protection, the common mode protected mode with and failure mode be short circuit, low resistive state, the anti-interference Security Unit device that one resistance states also can be arranged; In Fig. 3-3 by two overvoltage protection characteristic devices (RV1); (RV2) the series connection back constitutes a tapped overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider; overvoltage protection characteristic device R V3 is with after centre tap (3) one ends are connected; overvoltage protection characteristic device R V3 other end ground connection; centre tap (3) other end is electrically connected with electric contact lever arm in the marmem thermoswitch (LKS); traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC2) of current limliting; (PTC4) end respectively with the top (1) of corresponding voltage divider; after end (2) does not connect; the other end is as the output (a ') and (b ') of corresponding signal data line; by the resistance R semistor (PTC1) that constitutes modification in parallel with traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient; (PTC3) end or traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC1); (PTC3) end respectively with the corresponding top of voltage divider (1); after end (2) does not connect; the other end as the input (a) of corresponding signal data line with (b); marmem (SMA) sheet of the sphere shape in the marmem thermoswitch (LKS) can directly or indirectly touch three overvoltage protection characteristic devices (RV1); (RV2); (RV3), cross three voltage protection characteristic devices (RV1) when perception; (RV2); (RV3) certain is because of overload or short circuit inefficacy in; through 0.24I ²Promptly flowing through certain overvoltage discharging current behind the Rt generation heat generated heat with certain discharge time, cause temperature rise to the utmost point to be prescribed a time limit, the marmem of its sphere shape (SMA) sheet produces displacement and the actuating force that plastic deformation produced, drive the electric contact lever arm by movable insulating bar (11) and make normal open switch contact terminals k1, the k2 conducting, overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) is reached (RV2) to be shunted by short circuit, and (RV3) be Low ESR and conducting, accessory power supply sends the level signal of alarm by drawing interface end (j1), the band color marker of the movable insulating bar (12) of band color marker stretches out to show action for some reason, movable insulating bar (11) can also break away from the displacement that is electrically connected as displacement or the generation that push rod make device produce charged connection, when the overvoltage discharging current stops or the overload disappearance, when temperature rise returns to the non-limit, Bi He make and break contact terminals k1, k2 can be with marmem (SMA) sheet of sphere shape from resetting and return to certainly and cut-off normality, the band color marker of the movable insulating bar (12) of band color marker can indentation be normal to show from resetting, also can by machinery pin can't be with marmem (SMA) sheet synchronously from resetting not retractable move and should reset to show by artificial propelling, formation is indulged, horizontal is thick, thin overvoltage suppresses, the differential mode of overcurrent protection, the common mode protected mode with and failure mode be short circuit, low resistive state, the anti-interference Security Unit device that one resistance states also can be arranged; At (Fig. 3-1); (Fig. 3-2); can be in (Fig. 3-3) according to the technical indicator of different overvoltage protections; select gaseous state or the solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element and the assembly (ZRV) of corresponding structure for use according to the technical characteristic of different technologies parameter in gaseous state or the solid-state overvoltage protection characteristic element and different assembly (ZRV); can constitute its failure mode is short circuit; low resistive state; also can constitute its failure mode and be open circuit; high-impedance state, can also constitute its failure mode is the television network that is applicable to of certain resistance state; satellite TV's parabola antenna; broadband networks; communication equipment; the prevention of Information Technology Equipment and the superpotential means for anti-jamming of inhibition.

Fig. 4 is the circuit connection diagram that single core signal cable overvoltage suppresses embodiment in the means for anti-jamming; shielding layer grounding at single core signal cable (DL); and after the logical coupling capacitor C 1 of single core signal conductor terminal (1) serial connection band, draw the output of terminals (a ') as (a) end signal data wire; can be in parallel between single core signal conductor terminal (1) and ground connection PE place by traditional semistor (PTC1) overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) of connecting; also can be in parallel one its be the overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) of high resistant or open circuit when losing efficacy, in transmission signal process, obtain the signalling channel line of maximum anti-interference inhibition at single core signal cable of composition data transmission.

Fig. 5 is the device arrangements schematic diagram of data transmission channel embodiment of the dual shield signal cable of single-ended bonding mode in the means for anti-jamming, at the signal source end is that divider end and received signal end promptly are subjected to the data transmission channel line between the electric instrument box end, adopts dual shield signal cable (SDL); An end that promptly is connected at the signal conductor of dual shield signal cable (SDL) and signal source end with voltage divider; the outer shielding layer of divider end is single-ended to be that ground wire 1 is connected with the signal seedbed; be connected with the input of acknowledge(ment) signal (promptly being subjected to the instrument box end of electricity) at the signal conductor of dual shield signal cable (SDL) other end; and with the internal shield of instrument box end dual shield signal cable (SDL) with after the instrument box housing is connected; by instrument box housing and meter housing ground is that ground wire 2 is connected; the initiating terminal 1 of holding wire; x two ends overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) in parallel; overvoltage protection characteristic device in parallel (RV2) between (x ') and the ground wire 2 in the not end (I ') (x ') of holding wire; also can be in parallel by traditional semistor (PTC1) series connection overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV2); can also be between internal shield and outer shielding layer in parallel one its be the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V3 of high resistant or open circuit when losing efficacy, the dual shield signal cable (SDL) of composition data transmission obtains the signalling channel line of maximum anti-interference inhibition in transmission signal process.

Fig. 6 is the high-voltage arrester that has a proportional undistorted transmission electrical information of tapped distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider energy in the means for anti-jamming, the schematic diagram that the components and parts of excess voltage suppressor embodiment are arranged and connected, in Fig. 6, conspire to create or be outside the surface, garden of the non-equipotential column of high impedance of metal oxide piezo-resistance body of cylindricality or tubular integral body along the GRV1～GRV5 metal oxide piezoresistive wafer of the overvoltage protection characteristic of solid polycrystalline circle structure is folded, after coated one deck has the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant, all pressures metal foil electrode layer JB1 of the low-resistivity electric conductor of coated certain-length again, behind the distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z, coated again shielded metal electrode JB2, applying shielded metal electrode JB2 is connected with earth potential (X), the top of column (1) do not hold (2) respectively with hot end (L), earth potential (X) connects, distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z draws as the centre tap (4) of distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider, by constituting discrete capacitor C7 and C8 between distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z and the non-equipotential column of high impedance, constitute discrete capacitor C9 between the deposited shielded metal electrode JB2 by distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z and ground connection, centre tap end (4) with the end (2) two ends shunt capacitance C10, behind the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V1 in parallel again, holding wire input (1) with the dual shield signal cable (SDL) of single-ended bonding mode, (x) two ends connect, holding wire output (I '), behind the overvoltage protection characteristic in parallel device R V2 of (x ') two ends, the assembly of the variable resistor WR1 that connects with resistance R 1 in parallel is again adjusted the voltage ratio accuracy, read aloud device one end at the promptly anti-electricity of dual shield signal cable (SDL) and signal source end, its outer shielding layer is single-ended to be that ground wire 1 is connected with the signal seedbed, after dual shield signal cable (SDL) other end and acknowledge(ment) signal end are connected by the instrument box end of electricity promptly, and be that ground wire 2 is connected with the internal shield of dual shield signal cable (SDL) with being connected back and single-ended and instrument with the instrument box housing, among (I ') (x ') of holding wire output between (x ') and the ground wire 2 behind the overvoltage protection characteristic device in parallel (RV3), constitute and have the lightning arrester that a tapped distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider can proportional undistorted transmission electrical information, the means for anti-jamming of excess voltage suppressor; Constitute distributed capacitance cf1 by hot end (L) metal foil electrode layer JB1 and the vertical differing heights of column folded string body place, the flow through distributed capacitance cf1 of metal foil electrode layer JB1 of cf2 and hot end, the vf1 voltage drop that the vertical differing heights of cf2 current direction column folded string body place produces is different with the vf2 voltage drop, and the distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z that is connected with cold end centre tap end (4) by the folded vertical differing heights place of going here and there body of the GRV1～GRV5 metal oxide piezoresistive wafer column of overvoltage protection characteristic constitutes distributed capacitance C7 and C8, and by the vertical differing heights of column folded string body place flow through distributed capacitance C7 and the C8 electric current of distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z, different in the v7 voltage drop that the vertical differing heights of column folded string body place produces with the v8 voltage drop, because different first voltage gradient (v7 that constitute the vertical differing heights of column folded string body place voltage skewness of the voltage drop that produces, v8), (vf1, vf2); By the potential parasitic capacitance ch (1 of the column folded string vertical hot end of body (L) with the differing heights place of the folded string of the GRV1～GRV5 metal oxide piezoresistive wafer body of overvoltage protection characteristic, 2,3,4), with and by the flow through parasitic capacitance ch (1 at the vertical differing heights of column folded string body place of hot end (L), 2,3,4) electric current, flow to the voltage drop vh (1 that the vertical differing heights of column folded string body place produces, 2,3,4) difference, locate by column folded string body vertical differing heights place and earth potential end (X), potential parasitic capacitance cd (1,2,3,4), and by the potential parasitic capacitance cd (1 that flows through of the vertical differing heights of column folded string body place, 2,3,4) electric current, the voltage drop vd (1 that produces in the vertical differing heights of column folded string body place, 2,3,4) difference is because the voltage drop vd that produces, the vh difference, GRV1～GRV5 metal oxide piezoresistive wafer the column that constitutes the overvoltage protection characteristic is folded second voltage gradient vd of vertical differing heights place voltage skewness of string body, vh; Like this first voltage gradient (v7, v8), (vf1, vf2) can remedy second voltage gradient vd, vh promptly the voltage gradient of two voltage skewness just constitute the relation of compensation, improve around its differing heights that the electric field strength of field domain distributes and voltage distributes; Be cylindrical metal oxide voltage-sensitive resistor disc folded string body or be cylindricality or the metal oxide piezo-resistance body of tubular integral body and distributed capacitance electrode can be formed in less than can proportional undistorted transfer overvoltage information under the threshold voltage and can transmit folded lightning arrester, the excess voltage suppressor of going here and there body metal oxide piezo-resistance body polycrystalline circle structure variation information of column so can adopt, or the lightning arrester of drop type, excess voltage suppressor; Also can be outside the surface, garden of non-equipotential column; after coated one deck has the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant; all pressures metal foil electrode layer JB1 of the low-resistivity electric conductor of coated certain-length again; behind the distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z; coated again shielded metal electrode JB2; temperature sensor can be set near the electronegative potential place of column to be come the temperature rise of perception column and the dynamic characteristic corrected parameter of being correlated with is provided; the dual shield signal cable that adopts single-ended bonding mode is as transmission information channel, the high-voltage arrester that constitutes the energy protected terminal voltage information of proportional undistorted transmission and transmit non-equipotential column electrical information; the lightning arrester of excess voltage suppressor or drop type; incorporate means for anti-jamming is disturbed in the electrical information sensing of excess voltage suppressor and inhibition.

Fig. 7 is the high-voltage arrester that anti-voltage surge bridge-type is measured in the means for anti-jamming, the components and parts of excess voltage suppressor device embodiment, distributed capacitance arrange with and the schematic diagram that is electrically connected, in Fig. 7 outside the surface, garden of folded non-equipotential column of high impedance that conspires to create of the GRV1～GRV4 metal oxide piezoresistive wafer of the overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of solid polycrystalline circle structure or tubular body, after coated one deck has the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant, all pressures metal foil electrode layer JB1 of the low-resistivity electric conductor of coated certain-length again, behind the distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z, coated again shielded metal electrode JB2, in the middle of GRV1～GRV4 metal oxide piezo-resistance body, draw centre tap end (3), simultaneously draw intermediary interface end (4) at distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z, shielded metal electrode JB2 ground connection; In the non-equipotential column of high impedance or tubular body top (1), end (2) is not respectively as high voltage input terminal (L), (X), non-equipotential column of high impedance or tubular body centre tap end (3), end (2) is respectively as the output (I2) of high-voltage signal, (x), in centre tap end (3), do not hold the two ends overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV2) in parallel of (2), the assembly of the variable resistor (WR2) of connect with electric capacity (C11) in parallel is adjusted the voltage ratio accuracy of overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider, the lever arm end of variable resistor WR2 with hold (2) conduct when being lower than threshold voltage, become the undistorted transmission of certain dividing potential drop ratio or become certain dividing potential drop ratio, certain phase shift ground transmits the output (12 ') of the first channel electrical information of high voltage input terminal, (x '); Z draws intermediary interface end (4) at distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer, the two ends of end (2) are not respectively as the equivalent electric circuit and the electrical quantity change information thereof that transmit the non-equipotential column of high impedance, the info-channel output (I1) of partial discharge, (x), in intermediary interface end (4), do not hold the two ends overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) in parallel of (2), shunt capacitance (C11), the assembly of the variable resistor (WR1) of connect with resistance (R1) in parallel is again adjusted the voltage ratio accuracy of tapped distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider, the lever arm end of variable resistor WR1 with hold (2) conduct when being lower than threshold voltage, become the undistorted transmission of certain dividing potential drop ratio or become certain dividing potential drop ratio, certain phase shift ground transmits the specific channel signal of telecommunication of high voltage input terminal and becomes certain dividing potential drop ratio ground to transmit the output (I1 ') of the specific channel of electrical information in column or the tubular body, (x '); Because it is vertical in GRV1～GRV4 metal oxide piezo-resistance column; radial solid polycrystalline circle structure; before action; before back and the metal oxide pressure responsive resistor failure; after when changing; voltage protection characteristic voltage divider; the dynamic variation characteristic of the equivalent electric circuit of distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider; and the parameter value of equivalent electric circuit also accompanies Sui corresponding different variation of generation; and be rendered as the circuit characteristic of perceptual Low ESR or capacitive reactances; the centre tap end (I1 ') of two voltage dividers; (I2 '); vertical as transmitting in GRV1～GRV4 metal oxide piezo-resistance column or the tubular body; the electrical information output of the different impedance circuit characteristics of on-line operation ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS that state takes place in the radial solid polycrystalline circle structure constitutes the electrical information sensing and suppresses voltage surge in the high-voltage arrester of one; excess voltage suppressor; the drop type lightning arrester; the means for anti-jamming of drop type excess voltage suppressor.

Fig. 8 is the be on good terms electrical schematic diagram of the voltage suppressor that automatically changes the discharge threshold voltage of means for anti-jamming mesolow three, in Fig. 8-1, undertaken after star connection is electrically connected by three not ends (2) of drive making the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCVSK) of indication and make and break contact, temperature-sensitive gap discharge device TCV one end be connected with neutral point (0) back as with the link of zero line (N), the other end is as earth terminal (PE) ground connection, and three tops (1) that drive the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCVSK) of making indication and make and break contact are respectively as (L1), (L2), (L3) terminals of three-phase low-voltage distribution system power supply; The band color marker of the movable insulating bar (12) of temperature-sensitive gap discharge device stretches out to show action, movable insulating bar (12) can also break away from the displacement that is electrically connected as displacement or the generation that push rod make device produce charged connection, overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) is when temperature rise returns to the non-limit in driving the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCVSK) of making indication and make and break contact, can also make normal open switch contact terminals k1, k2 cut-offs, and the band color marker of movable insulating bar can indentation be normal to show from resetting, also can by machinery pin can't be with marmem (SMA) sheet synchronously from resetting not retractable moved and should reset to show by artificial propelling; Constitute its failure mode that the vertical, horizontal overvoltage suppresses differential mode, common mode protected mode and be the be on good terms means for anti-jamming of the voltage suppressor that changes the discharge threshold voltage automatically of the low pressure three of open circuit, high-impedance state; In Fig. 8-2 three by thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient (PTC) the overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) of connecting with two; (RV2) after the not end (2) in the dynamic overvoltage limiter assembly after an overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) parallel connection in carries out the star connection electrical connection; TCV temperature-sensitive gap discharge device TCV one end be connected with neutral point (0) back as with the link of zero line (N); the other end is as earth terminal (PE) ground connection; top (1) in three dynamic overvoltage limiter assemblies; end (2) two ends in parallel one by diode D1; resistance R 1; light-emitting diode FD1 constitutes the assembly of charged and faulty indication; top (1) in three dynamic overvoltage limiter assemblies is respectively as (L1); (L2); (L3) terminals of three-phase low-voltage distribution system power supply constitute vertical; laterally overvoltage suppresses; differential mode; its inefficacy mould of common mode protected mode is short circuit; low-resistance or open circuit; high-impedance state; can change the three-phase low-voltage distribution system power supply means for anti-jamming of the threshold voltage set point of discharging over the ground automatically.

Fig. 9 is the high-voltage arrester that can change the discharge threshold voltage in the means for anti-jamming automatically, the schematic diagram that the element of excess voltage suppressor embodiment is electrically connected, in Fig. 9, connect with overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) by the variable gaseous state gap discharge element WCV that drives in the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCVS) of doing indication, top (1), end (2) is not connected with the high pressure two ends respectively, also can be connected with earth terminal (PE) with power line (L), the band color marker that drives movable insulating bar (12) in the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCVS) of doing indication stretches out to show action, movable insulating bar (12) can also break away from the displacement that is electrically connected as displacement or the generation that push rod make device produce charged connection, when overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) when temperature rise returns to the non-limit, can also make normal open switch contact terminals k1, k2 cut-offs, the band color marker of movable insulating bar (12) can indentation be normal to show from resetting, also can by machinery pin can't be with marmem (SMA) sheet synchronously from resetting not retractable move and should reset at least two low threshold voltages of formation chargeability to show by artificial propelling, have the action indication, can adopt clearance distance from recovery or manual reversion discharge sheet, can change the high-voltage arrester of discharge threshold voltage automatically, the lightning arrester of excess voltage suppressor or drop type, excess voltage suppressor; Also can adopt top (1), after end (2) two ends are electrically connected with the fracture two ends of dynamic and static contact are in parallel respectively, can be used as the arc extinguishing of high-low pressure vacuum circuit-breaker, vacuum extinction pipe contact, switch fracture, the arc overvoltage that suppresses to restrike, constitute with overvoltage and suppress structure new device in one; After adopting the folded string body of the metal oxide piezo-resistance body of a tubulose or metal oxide piezo-resistance garden ring plate to wear vacuum extinction pipe pottery or the outer back of glass shell and variable gaseous state gap discharge element WCV connects, top (1), after end (2) is electrically connected with vacuum extinction Guan Jing, moving contact two ends are in parallel respectively, can constitute quiet, moving contact fracture arc extinguishing, suppress to restrike the arc overvoltage, constitute with overvoltage and suppress in the novel vacuum extinction pipe unit of the structure of one; Can adopt lightning arrester, excess voltage suppressor, the lightning arrester of drop type, the excess voltage suppressor that can change the discharge threshold voltage automatically by four, after carrying out the electrical connection of three-phase four stars, constitute lightning arrester, excess voltage suppressor, drop type lightning arrester, drop type excess voltage suppressor that three-phase type changes the discharge threshold voltage automatically; Can also adopt by lightning arrester, excess voltage suppressor, drop type lightning arrester, a drop type excess voltage suppressor that can change the discharge threshold voltage automatically with after traditional lightning arrester neutral point of three-phase star connection is connected, the formation three-phase type changes lightning arrester, excess voltage suppressor, the drop type lightning arrester of the threshold voltage that discharges, the means for anti-jamming of drop type excess voltage suppressor automatically; Wherein overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) can be the folded string of a metal oxide piezoresistive wafer body, also can be the metal oxide piezo-resistance body of bar-shaped a, tubulose.

Figure 10 is single-phase and three be on good terms and automatically change the discharge threshold voltage in the means for anti-jamming, transmit the lightning arrester of electrical information, the components and parts of excess voltage suppressor embodiment, distributed capacitance with and the schematic diagram that is electrically connected, in Figure 10-1 by a clavate of equivalent G RV1～GRV3 metal oxide piezoresistive wafer, after the folded string body of the metal oxide piezo-resistance body of tube shape or GRV1～GRV3 metal oxide piezoresistive wafer is connected in series variable gaseous state gap discharge element WCV1, a clavate along solid polycrystalline circle structure, outside the surface, garden of the folded non-equipotential column of high impedance that conspires to create of the metal oxide piezo-resistance body of tube shape or GRV1～GRV3 metal oxide piezoresistive wafer, after coated one deck has the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant, all pressures metal foil electrode layer JB1 of the low-resistivity electric conductor of coated certain-length again, behind the distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z, coated again shielded metal electrode JB2, Z draws intermediary interface end (4) at distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer, shielded metal electrode JB2 ground connection; At the non-equipotential column of high impedance top (1), the end (2) respectively with high pressure two ends (L), (X) connect, also can be connected with earth terminal (PE) with power line (L), Z draws intermediary interface end (4) at distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer, the two ends of end (2) are not respectively as the specific channel output of high-voltage signal (I), (x), in intermediary interface end (4), do not hold the two ends overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) in parallel of (2), shunt capacitance (C11), the assembly of the variable resistor (WR1) of connect with resistance (R1) in parallel is again adjusted the voltage ratio accuracy of tapped distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider, and the lever arm end of variable resistor WR1 is being lower than under the threshold voltage with holding (2) conduct, become the undistorted transmission of certain dividing potential drop ratio or become certain dividing potential drop ratio, electrical information becomes the specific channel output (I ') of certain dividing potential drop ratio in the specific channel signal of telecommunication of certain phase shift ground transmission high voltage input terminal and the transmission column, (x '); Intermediary interface end (4), end (2) two ends are not vertical as transmitting in GRV1～GRV3 metal oxide piezo-resistance column, in the radial solid polycrystalline circle structure or metal oxide piezoresistive wafer junction, ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS or partial discharge that the on-line operation state is taken place, overvoltage, whether high-pressure side charged and magnitude of voltage, and the output of the complete ripple electrical information of charged power-frequency voltage and harmonic wave thereof, can adopt the dual shield signal cable and the relevant interface of single-ended bonding mode to connect, constitute and single-phasely can change the discharge threshold voltage automatically as the transmission information channel, transmit the lightning arrester of electrical information, the excess voltage suppressor device, the drop type lightning arrester, the drop type excess voltage suppressor; Top (1), after end (2) two ends are electrically connected with the fracture two ends of dynamic and static contact are in parallel respectively, can be used as the arc extinguishing of high-low pressure vacuum circuit-breaker, vacuum extinction pipe contact, switch fracture, the arc overvoltage that suppresses to restrike, constitute and transmit electrical information and overvoltage and suppress structure new device in one; The folded string body that adopts the metal oxide piezo-resistance body of a tube shape or GRV1～GRV3 metal oxide piezo-resistance garden ring plate with vacuum extinction Guan Jing, the moving contact two ends are in parallel is electrically connected after, can constitute quiet, the arc extinguishing of moving contact fracture, inhibition is restriked arc overvoltage, transmission electrical information in the novel vacuum extinction pipe unit of integrative-structure.In Figure 10-2, single-phasely can change the discharge threshold voltage automatically by three; transmit electrical information lightning arrester; excess voltage suppressor; the drop type lightning arrester; the drop type excess voltage suppressor carries out star and is electrically connected; form the three-phase star connection and can change the discharge threshold voltage automatically; transmit the lightning arrester of electrical information; excess voltage suppressor; the drop type lightning arrester; the drop type excess voltage suppressor; the dual shield signal cable that can also adopt single-ended bonding mode is as the transmission information channel; with once (L1) that transmits; (L2); (L3) information of voltage; variable gaseous state gap discharge element WCV1 change information is through after the digitized processing; whether exist normality or fault insulation defect to judge to protected object and means for anti-jamming itself, also can be used as the high-voltage electric power system earth fault on-line monitoring and the residual voltage monitoring of three-phase neutral point indirect earthing; transmission electrical information and overvoltage suppress the means for anti-jamming in one.

Figure 11 is the high-voltage arrester with online electrical information detection of three-phase star connection in the means for anti-jamming, the components and parts of excess voltage suppressor embodiment, distributed capacitance with and the schematic diagram that is electrically connected, the high-voltage arrester of in Figure 11, measuring by three anti-voltage surge bridge-types, excess voltage suppressor, the drop type lightning arrester, after the drop type excess voltage suppressor carries out the star electrical connection, end (2) does not constitute the high-voltage electric power system earth fault on-line monitoring and the residual voltage monitoring of three-phase neutral point indirect earthing as ground connection behind the neutral point, transmission electrical information and overvoltage suppress the means for anti-jamming in one; The top of each phase (1) is respectively as (L1), (L2), (L3) high voltage input terminal, the centre tap end (3) of each phase overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider, end (2) is respectively as the output of high-voltage signal, in centre tap end (3), the two ends of end (2) can be used as the whether charged and digital demonstration of magnitude of voltage of high pressure, the interface of thunderbolt number of times, the lever arm end of variable resistor WR2 and end (2) are as when being lower than threshold voltage, become the undistorted transmission of certain dividing potential drop ratio or become certain dividing potential drop ratio, certain phase shift ground transmits the output interface of the first channel electrical information of high voltage input terminal; The intermediary interface end (4) of tapped distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider, the two ends of end (2) not can be used as equivalent electric circuit and the electrical quantity change information thereof that transmits the non-equipotential column of high impedance respectively, the info-channel output interface of partial discharge, in intermediary interface end (4), the two ends of end (2) not can be used as the record waveform, the interface of thunderbolt number of times, the lever arm end of variable resistor WR1 and end (2) are as when being lower than threshold voltage, become the undistorted transmission of certain dividing potential drop ratio or become certain dividing potential drop ratio, certain phase shift ground transmits the specific channel signal of telecommunication of high voltage input terminal and becomes certain dividing potential drop ratio ground to transmit the output interface of the specific channel of electrical information in column or the tubular body; Two centre tap ends of two voltage dividers can be used as and pass in fast GRV1～GRV3 metal oxide piezo-resistance column or the tubular body vertically, the electrical information output interface of on-line operation ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS that state takes place in the radial solid polycrystalline circle structure; Can adopt the dual shield signal cable of single-ended bonding mode and relevant interface connection conduct transmission information channel; The high-voltage arrester with electrical information detection of three-phase star connection; excess voltage suppressor can be used as and suppresses switch fracture restrike of arc; suppress the superpotential while; can be used as and transmit ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS or the partial discharge that online running status took place; overvoltage; whether high-pressure side charged and magnitude of voltage; and the complete ripple electrical information of charged power-frequency voltage and resonance potential thereof; the simulation volume signal of telecommunication of comprehensive second interface is through after the digitized processing; whether exist normality or fault insulation defect to judge to protected object and means for anti-jamming itself, can be used as the high-voltage electric power system earth fault on-line monitoring and the residual voltage monitoring of three-phase neutral point indirect earthing; associated electrical information is monitored the means for anti-jamming in one.

Figure 12 is the high-voltage arrester with electrical information detection of three-phase four stars connection in the means for anti-jamming, the components and parts of excess voltage suppressor embodiment, distributed capacitance with and the schematic diagram that is electrically connected, high-voltage arrester that anti-voltage surge bridge-type is measured in Figure 12-1, excess voltage suppressor, the drop type lightning arrester, the head end of drop type excess voltage suppressor (1) with undertaken by three tapped distributed capacitance series connection voltage dividers after neutral point that star is electrically connected is connected, end (2) does not constitute the high-voltage arrester that electrical information detects that has of three-phase four stars connection as asterism ground connection, excess voltage suppressor, the drop type lightning arrester, the means for anti-jamming of drop type excess voltage suppressor; The top of each phase (1) is respectively as (L1), (L2), (L3) high voltage input terminal, the intermediary interface end (4) of each mutually tapped distributed capacitance series connection voltage divider, the two ends of end (2) not can be used as equivalent electric circuit and the electrical quantity change information thereof that transmits the non-equipotential column of high impedance respectively, the info-channel output interface of partial discharge, in intermediary interface end (4), the two ends of end (2) not can be used as the record waveform, the interface of thunderbolt number of times, the lever arm end of variable resistor WR1 and end (2) are as when being lower than threshold voltage, become the undistorted transmission of certain dividing potential drop ratio or become certain dividing potential drop ratio, necessarily transmit to phase shift the specific channel signal of telecommunication of high voltage input terminal and become certain dividing potential drop ratio ground to transmit the output interface of the specific channel of electrical information in column or the tubular body, and can adopt the dual shield signal cable of single-ended bonding mode and relevant interface connection conduct transmission information channel; Connect the high-voltage arrester that the anti-voltage surge bridge-type of band that neutral point (0) is connected is measured with the three-phase star; excess voltage suppressor; the drop type lightning arrester; the drop type excess voltage suppressor; the dual shield signal cable that can adopt single-ended bonding mode connects as after the transmission information channel with relevant interface, can be used as the high-voltage electric power system earth fault on-line monitoring and the residual voltage monitoring of three-phase neutral point indirect earthing; earth fault record ripple; the monitoring of associated electrical information; also as eliminating restrike of arc over the ground; the high-voltage arrester of electricity overvoltage protection; excess voltage suppressor; the drop type lightning arrester; the drop type excess voltage suppressor is in the means for anti-jamming of one.High-voltage arrester that the anti-voltage surge bridge-type of band is measured in Figure 12-2; excess voltage suppressor; the drop type lightning arrester; the head end of drop type excess voltage suppressor (1) and three traditional high-voltage arresters; after excess voltage suppressor carries out the neutral point connection of star electrical connection; end (2) is not as asterism ground connection; connect the high-voltage arrester that the anti-voltage surge bridge-type of band that neutral point (0) is connected is measured with the three-phase star; excess voltage suppressor; the drop type lightning arrester; the drop type excess voltage suppressor; the dual shield signal cable that can adopt single-ended bonding mode connects as after the transmission information channel with relevant interface, can be used as the high-voltage electric power system earth fault on-line monitoring and the residual voltage monitoring of three-phase neutral point indirect earthing; earth fault record ripple; the monitoring of associated electrical information; also as eliminating restrike of arc over the ground; the high-voltage arrester of electricity overvoltage protection; excess voltage suppressor; the drop type lightning arrester; the drop type excess voltage suppressor is in the means for anti-jamming of one.

Figure 13 is the structural configuration schematic diagram of information coupler embodiment in the means for anti-jamming; in Figure 13-1; article one, solid polycrystalline circle structural metal oxide is bar-shaped; the overvoltage protection characteristic element metal oxide piezo-resistance body (GRVa) of tubular body or the overvoltage protection characteristic dividing potential drop body (GRVa) of metal oxide piezo-resistance or the non-equipotential body of high impedance (GRVa) are (bar-shaped; tubulose abbreviates column as); along bar-shaped; outside the surface, garden of tubular body (GRVa); after coated one deck has the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant; all pressures metal foil electrode layer JB1 of the low-resistivity electric conductor of coated certain-length again; exit (L) is connected with high-pressure side; exit (X) ground connection; distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z; and draw terminals (I) as (X) exit of electrical information of high-pressure side (L) by distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z; formation is by distributed capacitance (C7); (C8) equivalent electric circuit in back in parallel and the column solid polycrystalline circle structure or the mutual series circuit of equivalent electric circuit in the non-equipotential body of the column high impedance body, the information coupler that is electrically connected circuit with column as the equivalent electric circuit that transmits the non-equipotential column of high impedance and transmission.In Figure 13-2; constitute outside the surface, garden of the overvoltage protection characteristic device non-equipotential column of high impedance (GRVa), after coated one deck has the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant along the folded string of the metal oxide piezoresistive wafer of solid polycrystalline circle structure; all pressures metal foil electrode layer JB1 of the low-resistivity electric conductor of coated certain-length again; exit (L) is connected with high-pressure side; exit (X) ground connection; distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z; and draw terminals (I1) as (X) exit of electrical information of high-pressure side (L1) by distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z; formation is by distributed capacitance (C7); (C8) back in parallel and equivalent electric circuit in the column solid polycrystalline circle structure information coupler of circuit that is in series.In Figure 13-3; the overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of connecting with overvoltage protection characteristic device (GRVb) along overvoltage protection characteristic device (GRVa); and draw outside the surface, metal oxide piezo-resistance column garden of solid polycrystalline circle structure of centre tap end (I2), after coated one deck has the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant; all pressures metal foil electrode layer JB1 of the low-resistivity electric conductor of coated certain-length again; exit (L) is connected with high-pressure side; exit (X) ground connection; distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z; and draw terminals (I1) as (X) exit of electrical information of high-pressure side (L1) by distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z; formation is by distributed capacitance (C7); (C8) the information coupler of the mutual series circuit of equivalent electric circuit in the polycrystalline circle structure in back in parallel and the column solid.

Figure 14 changes the discharge threshold voltage automatically in the anti-surge device, transmit the lightning arrester of electrical information, the structural configuration schematic diagram of excess voltage suppressor embodiment, in Figure 14, column (GRVa) or a clavate by a plurality of metal oxide piezoresistive wafer series connection, the metal oxide piezo-resistance column (GRVa) of tube shape, be connected in series the column behind the variable gaseous state gap discharge element (WCV1), also can be by column (GRVa) or clavate of a plurality of metal oxide piezoresistive wafer series connection, the metal oxide piezo-resistance column (GRVa) of tube shape, outside the surface, garden of column, after coated one deck has the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant, all pressures metal foil electrode layer JB1 of the low-resistivity electric conductor of coated certain-length again, behind the distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z, coated again shielded metal electrode JB2, exit (L) is connected with high-pressure side, exit (X) ground connection, Z draws intermediary interface end (I1) at distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer, shielded metal electrode JB2 ground connection; By one of the equivalent electric circuit series connection of the non-equipotential body of high impedance in the column, by the assembly of the distributed capacitance voltage divider of connecting with distributed capacitance (C9) after distributed capacitance (C7), (C8) parallel connection, constitute the voltage divider of discrete capacitor voltage divider series connection; By the column (GRVa) of the folded string of metal oxide piezoresistive wafer or be column (GRVa) or being column (GRVa) or, constituting at least one tapped distributed capacitance voltage divider of connecting by the overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of metal oxide piezo-resistance by after the non-equipotential column of high impedance (GRVa) and equivalent electric circuit after variable gaseous state gap discharge element (WCV1) is connected, the parallel with one another or indirect parallel connection of voltage divider of connecting with the discrete capacitor voltage divider again by the metal oxide piezo-resistance; Lightning arrester, excess voltage suppressor, drop type lightning arrester, the drop type excess voltage suppressor of electrical information in the column after its conduct can change the discharge threshold voltage automatically, can transmit the high-pressure side electrical information and transmit the non-equipotential column of high impedance (GRVa) and variable gaseous state gap discharge element (WCV1) is connected; Also can by the column (GRVa) of the folded string of metal oxide piezoresistive wafer or with the metal oxide piezo-resistance be column (GRVa) or with the equivalent electric circuit that is column (GRVa) or the non-equipotential column of high impedance (GRVa) of the overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of metal oxide piezo-resistance, the parallel with one another or indirect parallel connection of voltage divider of connecting with the discrete capacitor voltage divider after, the tapped distributed capacitance of at least one that the is constituted voltage divider of connecting; As lightning arrester, excess voltage suppressor, drop type lightning arrester, the drop type excess voltage suppressor that can transmit electrical information in high-pressure side electrical information and the transmission column.

Figure 15 is the high-voltage arrester that has online electrical information measuring ability in the anti-surge device, the structural configuration schematic diagram of excess voltage suppressor embodiment, the column (GRVa) or a clavate of in Figure 15, connecting by a plurality of metal oxide piezoresistive wafers, the metal oxide piezo-resistance column (GRVa) of tube shape, column behind the serial connection metal oxide piezoresistive wafer (GRVb), outside the surface, garden of column, after coated one deck has the dielectric insulation layer of certain dielectric constant, all pressures metal foil electrode layer JB1 of the low-resistivity electric conductor of coated certain-length again, behind the distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer Z, coated again shielded metal electrode JB2, exit (L) is connected with high-pressure side, exit (X) ground connection, Z draws intermediary interface end (I1) at distributed capacitance metal foil electrode layer, shielded metal electrode JB2 ground connection; By one of the equivalent electric circuit series connection of the non-equipotential body of high impedance in the column, by the assembly of the distributed capacitance voltage divider of connecting with distributed capacitance (C9) after distributed capacitance (C7), (C8) parallel connection, constitute the voltage divider of discrete capacitor voltage divider series connection; By the column (GRVa) of the folded string of metal oxide piezoresistive wafer or be column (GRVa) or being column (GRVa) or, constituting at least one tapped distributed capacitance voltage divider of connecting by the overvoltage protection characteristic voltage divider of metal oxide piezo-resistance by after the non-equipotential column of high impedance (GRVa) and equivalent electric circuit after variable gaseous state gap discharge element (WCV1) is connected, the parallel with one another or indirect parallel connection of voltage divider of connecting with the discrete capacitor voltage divider again by the metal oxide piezo-resistance; Lightning arrester, excess voltage suppressor, drop type lightning arrester, the drop type excess voltage suppressor of electrical information in the column after its conduct can change the discharge threshold voltage automatically, can transmit the high-pressure side electrical information and transmit the non-equipotential column of high impedance (GRVa) and metal oxide piezoresistive wafer (GRVb) is connected.

Figure 16 is the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V self-shield that the marmem thermoswitch feature of LKS band alarm indication in the anti-surge device constitutes the telecommunication apparatus Security Unit, generalized section from the structural configuration of the region of interest that resets, circuit diagram, in Figure 16-1 generalized section and Figure 16-2 circuit diagram, in insulation shell, by two (RV1), (RV2) centre tap (3) of overvoltage protection characteristic device (10) touches conducting strip 7 (37), marmem (SMA) sheet (13) indirect contact of conducting strip 7 (37) and protruding sphere shape, and draw as PE end ground connection by conducting strip 8 (39); As two (RV1), (RV2) in the overvoltage protection characteristic device, as long as an overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) or (RV2) is arranged, because of the overload temperature rise is to the utmost point prescribed a time limit, the marmem of protruding sphere shape (SMA) sheet (13) returns to the plastic deformation of the concavity of former typing at high temperature, with and the distortion displacement and the actuating force that are produced, drive the movable contact bridge (14) that is electrically connected with conducting strip 8 (39) by movable insulating bar (11), make the stationary contact bridge 1 (15) of electric contact (k1), the stationary contact bridge 2 (16) of electric contact (k2) is connected with the movable contact bridge (14) of PE earth terminal (39), two overvoltage protection characteristic devices (RV1) are reached (RV2) respectively by electric contact (k1), electric contact (k2) short circuit and be close to road shunting ground connection, so that overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1), (RV2) nonoverload and protected, earth terminal PE in the accessory power supply simultaneously, the light-emitting diode FD1 of alarm end j1, stationary contact bridge 4 (25) loops and the alarm signal end j2 of electric contact (k2), stationary contact bridge 3 (24) loops of electric contact (k1), connected and the formation closed-loop path by the movable contact bridge (14) of PE earth terminal (39) respectively; As outside line (a), (b) signal input part (15), (16) touch 220 volts of power lines or overvoltage, and when flowing through maximum current and being 2.5A, by overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) or (RV2) go through 5 to 15 seconds the ground connection behind the voltage institute clamp of keeping, simultaneously because of overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV1) or (RV2) overload temperature rise to the limit cause that the plastic deformation of concavity takes place marmem (SMA) sheet (13), and the movable insulating bar (12) of rotating band color marker causes displacement, the band color marker at movable insulating bar (12) top of band color marker because of displacement stretch out insulation shell 3 (32) outer after, as (RV1) or (RV2) overvoltage protection characteristic device (10) because of the overload temperature rise to the alarm of limit indication; Be close to (RV1) of road shunting ground connection and (RV2) overvoltage protection characteristic device (10) when short circuit when temperature rise returns to the non-limit; cause that marmem (SMA) sheet (13) returns to the plastic deformation of protruding dome shape; the elastic force of spring 1 (28) drives movable contact bridge (14); movable insulating bar (11); certainly reset in company with the distortion of marmem (SMA) sheet (13); make the stationary contact bridge 1 (15) and stationary contact bridge 2 (16) of electric contact; stationary contact bridge 3 (24) and stationary contact bridge 4 (25) return to the state that cut-offs of normality; and the movable insulating bar (12) of band color marker can be under spring 2 (29) elastic force drive; also following from resetting and be retracted in the insulation shell 3 (32); the crested of band color marker; to show (RV1); (RV2) overvoltage protection characteristic device (10) temperature rise returns to non-limit energy normal operating conditions, and movable insulating bar (12) the top depression place of band color marker also can be pinned by machinery; and can't follow marmem (SMA) sheet (13) plastic deformation and be retracted to automatically in the insulation shell 3 (32) synchronously from resetting; indicate by temperature rise to the alarm of the limit as transshipping or still transshipping for the band color marker that has stretched out this moment; the movable insulating bar (12) of band color marker is resetted by artificial promotion.Can also utilize and cause that the displacement drive power of the plastic deformation generation of concavity takes place marmem (SMA) sheet (13), driving switch body disengaging directly or indirectly is electrically connected with protected object.Can know with the representative instance of Figure 16-2 circuit diagram by Figure 16-1 generalized section: utilize different overvoltage protection characteristic devices (RV) directly or indirectly to contact and recessed; the marmem of protruding sphere shape (SMA) sheet comes perception overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) to the utmost point to prescribe a time limit because of the overload temperature rise; recessed; the marmem of protruding sphere shape (SMA) sheet returns to the protruding of former typing at high temperature; the plastic deformation of spill; with and displacement and actuating force that plastic deformation was produced; drive the electric contact displacement by movable insulating bar; make it that interlock circuit or short circuit take place to connect or cut-off; be close to the electric current in the relevant overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) of road shunting; so that relevant overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) can not transship; and the movable insulating bar displacement that utilizes the band color marker as the overload of relevant overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) and temperature rise to the alarm indication of the limit, can constitute marmem thermoswitch (LK) according to the content and method that operation principle contained; drive the marmem thermoswitch (LKS) of doing indication; and the self-shield of correlation type; from the anti-surge device that resets.

Figure 17 is temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCVS) the structural configuration generalized section that indication is done in the combined drive of overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) and variable gaseous state gap discharge element (WCV) in the anti-surge device, circuit diagram, in Figure 17-1 generalized section and Figure 17-2 circuit diagram, constitute the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCVS) that drives the do indication with the movable insulating bar of variable gaseous state gap discharge element (WCV) of connecting among the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V (9) and band color marker, be after adopting overvoltage protection characteristic device R V (9) and metallic conductor (8) contacting, contact with marmem (SMA) sheet (13) again less than radius sphere convex form, come perception gap arcing not extinguish, so that overvoltage protecting device RV (9) overload heating and temperature rise be during to a certain limiting temperature, and the marmem of convex form (SMA) sheet (13) causes the plastic deformation of concavity during to a certain limit because of temperature rise; When utilizing marmem (SMA) sheet (13) to return to the concave shape of typing at high temperature, plastic displacement that is produced and actuating force, the discharge sheet 2 (20) that the movable insulating bar (13) that drives the band color marker by movable insulating bar (11) drives variable gaseous state gap discharge element (WCV) is moved to insulation and fills out ring 1 (33) position, original discharge sheet is discharged, and first discharge threshold voltage set point in gap increases to second the discharge threshold voltage set point that increases the gap between sheet 1 (19) and the discharge sheet 2 (20), because the raising of the pressure limiting effect of voltage protection characteristic device R V (9) and discharge threshold voltage, make the superpotential power frequency continued flow of first threshold be controlled in microampere magnitude and not produce the arc of restriking, so that the protected and nonoverload of overvoltage protection characteristic device R V (9); Because first discharge threshold superpotential arcing can not be extinguished, overvoltage protection characteristic device R V (9) because of overload temperature rise to the limit, marmem (SMA) sheet (13) that causes convex the plastic deformation of concavity takes place and the movable insulating bar (12) of rotating band color marker causes displacement, the band color marker at movable insulating bar (12) top of band color marker because of displacement stretch out the outer back of baffle, as overvoltage protection characteristic device R V (9) because of the alarm indication of overload temperature rise to the limit; When not producing the arc of restriking, when the temperature rise of overvoltage protection characteristic device R V (9) and metallic conductor (8) returns to the non-limit, cause that marmem (SMA) sheet (13) returns to the plastic deformation of convex, the elastic force of spring 1 (28) drives discharge sheet 2 (20), make the clearance distance between discharge sheet 1 (19) and the discharge sheet 2 (20) follow the clearance distance that movable insulating bar (11) is reset to first discharge threshold voltage set point certainly, and the movable insulating bar (12) of band color marker can be under spring 2 (29) elastic force drive, also following movable insulating bar (11) and be retracted to from resetting in the baffle, the crested of band color marker, to show that overvoltage protection characteristic device R V (9) temperature rise returns to first discharge threshold voltage set point operate as normal; Movable insulating bar (12) the top depression place of band color marker also can be pinned by machinery and can't follow marmem (SMA) sheet (13) plastic deformation and be retracted to automatically baffle in synchronously from reset, the band color marker that stretched out this moment is as having transshipped or still overload and temperature rise are with the movable insulating bar (12) of color marker to be resetted by artificial promotion to the alarm indication of the limit.Can also utilize and cause that the displacement drive power of the plastic deformation generation of concavity takes place marmem (SMA) sheet (13), driving switch body disengaging directly or indirectly is electrically connected with protected object.Can know with the representative instance of Figure 17-2 circuit diagram by Figure 17-1 generalized section: utilize the variable gaseous state gap discharge element (WCV) of connecting among the overvoltage protection characteristic device R V (9); different overvoltage protection characteristic devices (RV) directly or indirectly touch recessed; when the marmem of protruding dome shape (SMA) sheet comes perception overvoltage protection characteristic device (RV) because of first discharge threshold overvoltage overload to take place; recessed; the marmem of protruding sphere shape (SMA) sheet returns to the protruding of former typing at high temperature; the plastic deformation of spill; with and displacement and actuating force that plastic deformation was produced, the clearance distance that changes the gas discharge sheet is provided with the threshold voltage that discharges more than two automatically; protected mode constitutes the low content and method that operation principle contained that the anti-surge device of at least two discharge threshold voltages can be set automatically of chargeability can constitute temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCV); drive the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCVS) of doing indication; the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCVK) of belt switch contact; drive the temperature-sensitive gap discharge device (TCVSK) of making indication and make and break contact; the anti-surge device of the drop type lightning arrester of automatic disengaged or excess voltage suppressor and relevant protection type.

Need to prove that above-described content is an exemplary embodiments of the present invention, thus the change of doing by design of the present invention, the function of its generation, when not exceeding the content and method that specification and accompanying drawing contain, all should be within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1, is arranged at circuit, equipment, lightning arrester, excess voltage suppressor, the means for anti-jamming in part, the parts in addition; it is characterized in that this device is: make up or be electrically connected with circuit, equipment, part, parts by at least one structure devices in the assembly of dynamic overvoltage limiter, overvoltage protection characteristic device and overvoltage protection characteristic.

2, means for anti-jamming according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the assembly of overvoltage protection characteristic is the assembly after semistor and at least one the overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series; Or by semistor and assembly after at least one the overvoltage protection characteristic element at least two overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series is in parallel; Or semistor and overvoltage protection characteristic element assembly in parallel; Or overvoltage protection characteristic device respectively with temperature-sensitive gap discharge device, the combined assembly of marmem thermoswitch; Or semistor with after at least one the overvoltage protection characteristic element at least two overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series is in parallel again with overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series after assembly.

3, means for anti-jamming according to claim 1 is characterized in that above-mentioned dynamic overvoltage limiter is: by traditional semistor assembly in parallel with overvoltage protection characteristic element or by traditional semistor assembly in parallel with overvoltage protection characteristic device or the assembly that is in parallel by at least one overvoltage protection characteristic element at least two overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series and traditional semistor.

4, means for anti-jamming according to claim 1; it is characterized in that above-mentioned dynamic overvoltage limiter is: by the semistor and the overvoltage protection characteristic element assembly in parallel of modification; or by the semistor and overvoltage protection characteristic device assembly in parallel of modification, or the assembly that is in parallel by the semistor of at least one overvoltage protection characteristic element at least two overvoltage protection characteristic element connected in series and modification.

5, means for anti-jamming according to claim 4, it is characterized in that the semistor of above-mentioned modification is: by the assembly of traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient parallel connection of at least two different action lower current or by at least one resistance assembly in parallel with traditional thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient.

6, circuit, equipment, the product of wired or wireless electrical network is subjected to the anti-interference method that infringement that overvoltage, voltage surge or electromagnetic interference source produce protected object is effectively prevented or suppresses in existing power network, information network, communication network, electric-control system, safeguards system, the visible system; it is characterized in that this anti-interference method is: utilize at least one structure devices and circuit in the assembly of dynamic overvoltage limiter, overvoltage protection characteristic device, overvoltage protection characteristic, equipment, in addition part, parts make up or be electrically connected, and constitute anti-interference method:

By the dynamic overvoltage limiter, overvoltage protection characteristic device, its at least one intermediary interface that the dual shield signal cable line of the interface of at least one the structure devices generation state change information in the assembly of overvoltage protection characteristic by single-ended bonding draws outward or directly draw, its intermediary interface is respectively, as transmitting the protected object two ends or installing the electrical information interface of self member, detect the whether charged interface in protected object two ends, whether online detection overvoltage protection element and assembly lost efficacy and sent the interface of early warning signal or action command, can set at least one electrical quantity flexibly, set the discharge threshold interface of at least one overvoltage numerical value, can perception the element of overvoltage protection characteristic or assembly overload and temperature rise to the make and break contact interface of the limit, transmit the reflection precision, the linearity, temperature is floated relevant parameter information, export to the interface of ancillary equipment, receive ancillary equipment and send the action command input interface that the corresponding drain passageway of unlatching is discharged;

Multiple vertical; horizontal fault; the overvoltage of a plurality of discharge threshold voltages; the interference of electromagnetic interference source is at the same time or under the non-simultaneous situation; can be according to the state information of the protected object electrical information of transmitting and perception or transmission overvoltage protection characteristic device on-line operation; automatically the current by pass of opening corresponding discharge threshold voltage is a Low ESR by high impedance transition; make vertical; the horizontal overvoltage energy earial drainage that discharged fully; the discharge earial drainage finishes the back current by pass and can close from returning to normality again; and can not cause overvoltage protection characteristic device failure, make overvoltage; the infringement that voltage surge and electromagnetic interference source produce protected object is effectively prevented or is suppressed.

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