CN100493816C - A flux-cored wire for soldering diphasic stainless steel - Google Patents
A flux-cored wire for soldering diphasic stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN100493816C CN100493816C CNB2007100985450A CN200710098545A CN100493816C CN 100493816 C CN100493816 C CN 100493816C CN B2007100985450 A CNB2007100985450 A CN B2007100985450A CN 200710098545 A CN200710098545 A CN 200710098545A CN 100493816 C CN100493816 C CN 100493816C
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Abstract
The invention relates to a flux-cored wire for welding duplex stainless steel, and the flux-cored wire is used in the welding field of the material processing technology. During the welding of the duplex stainless steel, joint pitting erosion and impact elasticity can not be met by utilizing austenite stainless steel welding material. The invention provides the flux-cored wire for welding the duplex stainless steel, 17 percent to 24 percent flux-cored powder is filled into stainless steel belt. The invention is characterized in that the mass percent of the components of the flux-cored is as follows: 35 percent to 40 percent of chromium powder, 11 percent to 15 percent of molybdenum powder, 2 percent to 4 percent of nickel powder, 3 percent to 5 percent of manganese powder, 1 percent to 5 percent of magnesia chrome, 1 percent to 3 percent of ferrosilicon, 4 percent to 9 percent of rock crystal, 2 percent to 6 percent of feldspar, 21 percent to 30 percent of rutile, 0.5 percent to 4 percent of Al2O3, 0 percent to 5 percent of zircon, 0.5 percent to 3 percent of Bi2O3, and 0.5 percent to 3 percent of manganese nitride. The invention leads the duplex stainless steel welding joint to have the anti good pitting erosion performance and the good impact elasticity.
Description
Technical field
Belong to the welding field in the Materials Processing Engineering, this invention is mainly used in the welding at 2205 two phase stainless steels of field extensive uses such as natural gas, petroleum pipeline, heat exchanger, pressure vessel, ships, aircraft, transport facility, military affairs.
Background technology
Along with the development of modern industrial technology, traditional Austenitic stainless steel exposes it in the fracture that drag deficiency, especially stress corrosion aspect the local corrosions such as stress corrosion, spot corrosion and crevice corrosion cause, its harmfulness is very big.Two phase stainless steel (Duplex Stainless Steels, be called for short DSS) combines the advantage of austenitic stainless steel and ferrite type stainless steel, has good toughness, intensity and weldability, and wherein yield strength can reach 2 times of common stainless steel; Its good anti-neutral chloride stress cracking corrosive nature is considerably beyond 18-8 type austenitic stainless steel, and have the good anti-pitting and an ability of crevice corrosion, nickel content has only half of 18-8 type austenitic stainless steel nickel content in such steel of while, has solved the deficiency of industrial nickel resources in the world.Good performance and lower cost make two phase stainless steel have a wide range of applications, and make the welding material exploitation seem urgent day by day.
At the two phase stainless steel welding, the mechanical property of joint and decay resistance are to influence its key in application, and joint performance depends on the assurance of joint two-phase structure to a great extent and do not have harmful precipitate.Must be noted that in the two phase stainless steel welding: (1) keeps suitable ferrite and austenite two-phase proportion; (2) prevent from harmful to separate out mutually.Generally by selecting for use suitable welding material to adjust metal chemical composition, or select for use suitable welding method and the input of welding parameter control sweating heat to solve.At its decay resistance of two phase stainless steel, having set up an anti-pitting equivalent exponential PREN estimates, PREN=w (Cr)+3.3w (Mo))+(w represents its quality percentage composition to 16w (N), 3.3 and 16 be its corresponding coefficient), its value is high more, represents the ability of its anti-pitting strong more, but, if the PREN value is too high,, properties of its welded joints and solderability have been reduced though improved anti-spot corrosion drag.Therefore the PREN value is limited in: 33≤PREN=w (Cr)+3.3w (Mo)+16w (N)≤45.The two-phase structure of logical butt joint is by utilizing w (Ni)
Eq=Ni+35C+20N+0.25Cu, w (Cr)
EqTwo equivalent formula of=Cr+Mo+0.7Nb (w (Ni)
EqAnd w (Cr)
EqBe equivalent exponential, 35,20,0.25 and 0.7 is the corresponding equivalent exponential coefficient of latter element, can on the WRC-92 organization chart, estimate the ratio of two-phase structure with these two equivalent exponential) (the WRC-92 organization chart is from Feldstein J, Lake F.Material Design, 1993 (14): 345), guarantee the ratio of two-phase structure with the composition in the deposited metal, thereby guarantee the performance of joint.
(UNSS31803 22Cr-5Ni-3Mo-0.15N) is present domestic and international application two phase stainless steel the most widely to 2205 two phase stainless steels.But, when carrying out the two phase stainless steel welding, use traditional austenitic stainless steel wlding can not satisfy the requirement of its joint spot corrosion and impact flexibility, develop special flux-cored wire at 2205 two phase stainless steels for this reason, make its joint can have good corrosion-resistant ability, good impact flexibility and rational two-phase structure.
Summary of the invention
The flux-cored wire that the present invention developed by reasonably adjusting the method for drug core component, adds compositions such as Cr, Mo, Ni, Mn in the medicine core, reach the purpose of improving joint performance and guarantee that suitable two compare.The invention is characterized in that on the basis of improving nickel, the nitride of adding and proper content comes the required N element of transition more simultaneously.Because the N element is that other alloying elements are irreplaceable in the ability aspect the corrosion resistance that improves welding point that balances each other of keeping necessity, and adds the N element, also can improve the mechanical property of welding point.Also in the medicine core, added TiO simultaneously
2, SiO
2, Al
2O
3, Bi
2O
3Wait the covering and the appearance of weld that guarantee welding slag.
In addition, find that add the Al-Mg alloy in welding wire, its compound is in the microcosmic group by control
Knit middle existence, can improve the impact property of joint.
A kind of soldering diphasic stainless steel flux-cored wire that is used for provided by the present invention is filled in medicine core powder in the stainless steel band with 17～24%, it is characterized in that, described medicine core mass percent composition is as follows: 35～40% hafnium metal powfer, 11～15% metal molybdenum powder, 2～4% metal nickel powder, 3～5% manganese powder, 1～5% almag, 1～3% ferrosilicon, 4～9% quartz, 2～6% feldspar, 21～30% rutile, 0.5～4% Al
2O
3, 0～5% zircon, 0.5～3% Bi
2O
3, 0.5～3% nitrogenized manganese.
The effect of composition is as follows in the medicine core:
Hafnium metal powfer: transition alloy elements in weld metal.Cr can improve pitting corrosion resistant performance, for corrosion resistance and the intensity that guarantees weld metal should contain 35% Cr at least.But the too high levels of Cr (surpassing 40%) is separated out easily.Phase causes that fragility changes the reduction of the toughness that impacts.So Cr content is preferably 35～40%.
Metal molybdenum powder: transition alloy elements in weld metal.Mo is corrosion resistance and the necessary a kind of composition of high strength that guarantees weld metal.Contain quantity not sufficient 11%, act on not enough.Content surpasses 15%, can produce intermetallic compound in the weld metal structure and make toughness reduce and the fragility of relevant embrittlement has increased, and the content of Mo is: 11～15%.
Metal nickel powder: transition alloy elements in weld metal.Ni is that the stable austenite microstructure that produces strengthens the corrosion resistance of weld metal and a kind of element of toughness.Therefore, containing quantity not sufficient 2% toughness can be not enough.Content surpasses 4%, and austenite branch digit rate can excessively make intensity be tending towards reducing and effectively the toughness increase is almost saturated, and can influence two and compare.Therefore, the upper limit should fix on 4%.The quality percentage composition is: 2～4%.
Manganese powder: transition alloy elements in weld metal.Mn can regulate the microstructure of weld metal and organize in austenitic generation.Yet, can reach maximum efficiency by 3%, thus will on to be limited to 5% heavily be desirable.
The Al-Mg alloyed powder: main effect is deoxidation, the transition of useful alloying elements such as protection chromium.The Al that generates after the deoxidation
2O
3, MgO has fluxing effect.The quality percentage composition is: 1～5%.
Ferrosilicon: silicon is the effective element that generates welding slag and strengthen weld metal.In a word, because less than 1% do not reach suitable intensity, and the effect of the toughness reduction above 3% o'clock all is worthless greater than the strength-enhanced effect.
Quartzy: quartz mainly plays fluxing effect, can reduce the basicity of slag, adjusts the physical and chemical performance of slag, and the quality percentage composition is: 4～9%.
Feldspar: the feldspar significant feature is a slag former, and can regulate the physical and chemical performance of slag, owing to contain K2O and Na
2O helps to improve effects such as arc stability, refinement molten drop and raising fusing coefficient.The quality percentage composition is: 2～6%.
Rutile: rutile is that slag forms key component, can improve the spreadability of slag and the removability of slag of postwelding.Its quality percentage composition is: 21～30%.
Al
2O
3: Al
2O
3Improve the setting temperature of slag and do not change its viscosity, improve slag detachability.The quality percentage composition is: 0.5～4%.
Zircon: zircon mainly plays slag making, adjusts the physical and chemical performance of slag, improves the removability of slag, and the quality percentage composition is: 0～5%.
Bi
2O
3: usually add bismuth in the flux-cored wire and improve the removability of slag, but the bismuth-containing weld seam usually has the generation of reheat crack(ing) when temperature is higher than 823K heating or operation.And Bi
2O
3Can bring out the generation that transcrystalline solidifies, cause crystal boundary place concentration of plastic deformation, also promote separating out of grain-boundary brittleness phase, therefore, strict control Bi
2O
3Content, can prevent that weld seam from crackle occurring in high temperature and heat treatment process.The quality percentage composition is: 0.5～3%
Nitrogenized manganese: transition N element in weld metal.N can impel Mo to shift to ferritic phase, and passable PREN (anti-spot corrosion equivalent) value plays balanced action.N improves a kind of element that the weld metal hot strength is used when effectively producing ferrite.Therefore, if contain quantity not sufficient 0.5%, effect is not enough.Content surpasses 3%, can reduce toughness and reduces impact value.In addition owing to can cause welding hole and age-hardening, thus on be defined as 3%.
Organize in improving impact flexibility though be noted that Ni, excessive meeting influence two to be compared, and therefore, improves impact flexibility with the Al-Mg alloy.Si, Mn and Zr have very important relation to the shaping of slag and the stability of electric arc.
It is easy that the flux-cored wire of being invented takes off slag, arc stability, and the particle that splashes is few and tiny, and appearance of weld is attractive in appearance, and welding procedure and joint performance are good, have good impact flexibility, good corrosion resistance.This welding wire is mainly used in the welding of 2205 two phase stainless steels in fields such as natural gas, petroleum pipeline, heat exchanger, pressure vessel, ships, aircraft, transport facility, military affairs.
Preparation method of the present invention adopts prior art, may further comprise the steps:
1, steel band is rolled into U-shaped, in U-lag, add medicinal powder of the present invention with the filling rate of 17-24%;
2, U-lag is healed up, make the medicinal powder parcel wherein,,, make its diameter reach 1.2mm at last, obtain final products by road drawing, tube reducing by wire drawing die.
The specific embodiment
All embodiment welding wires are all made " FCWM50 medicine core wire drawing machine " by Kunming Heavy Machinery Factory and made: selecting width for use is 8-12mm, and thickness is the 304L austenic stainless steel belt of 0.25-0.5mm.Earlier it is rolled into U-shaped, adding granularity again in U-lag was the mixed powder of 80 mesh sieve, and the filling rate of medicinal powder is 17-24%.U-lag is healed up, make the medicinal powder parcel wherein.
Specific embodiments is as follows:
1. select the 304L stainless steel band of 8 * 0.25 (width is 8mm, and thickness is 0.25mm) for use.Earlier it is rolled into U-shaped.Get crome metal powder 35 grams, metal molybdenum powder 13 grams, metallic nickel powder 3 grams, manganese metal powder 5 grams, al-mg alloy powder 4 grams, silicon iron powder 1 gram, quartz powder 5 grams, zircon powder 0 gram, feldspar powder 4 grams, rutile powder 24 grams, Al
2O
3Powder 2.5 grams, Bi
2O
3Powder 1.5 grams, nitrogenized manganese powder 2 grams.(granularity of the powder of getting is for passing through 80 purpose sieves).The various powder of get are put into mixed powder machine mixed 40 minutes, then mixed-powder is added in the 304L stainless steel trough of belt of U-shaped, filling rate is 17%.U-lag is healed up, make the medicinal powder parcel wherein.Make it by diameter be respectively then: the wire drawing die of 2.3mm, 2.1mm, 1.9mm, 1.7mm, 1.6mm, 1.5mm, 1.4mm, 1.3mm, 1.18mm by road drawing, tube reducing, makes its diameter reach 1.2mm at last.At 100%CO
2Weld welding current 160～200A, weldingvoltage 28～30V, speed of welding 0.5m/min, throughput 15l/min under the gas shiled.
2. select the 304L stainless steel band of 9 * 0.3 (width is 9mm, and thickness is 0.3mm) for use.Earlier it is rolled into U-shaped.Get crome metal powder 38 grams, metal molybdenum powder 11 grams, metallic nickel powder 2 grams, manganese metal powder 4 grams, al-mg alloy powder 5 grams, silicon iron powder 2 grams, quartz powder 4 grams, zircon powder 2 grams, feldspar powder 6 grams, rutile powder 22 grams, Al
2O
3Powder 0.5 gram, Bi
2O
3Powder 0.5 gram, nitrogenized manganese powder 3 grams.(granularity of the powder of getting is for passing through 80 purpose sieves).The various powder of get are put into mixed powder machine mixed 40 minutes, then mixed-powder is added in the 304L stainless steel trough of belt of U-shaped, filling rate is 19%.U-lag is healed up, make the medicinal powder parcel wherein.Make it by diameter be respectively then: the wire drawing die of 2.3mm, 2.1mm, 1.9mm, 1.7mm, 1.6mm, 1.5mm, 1.4mm, 1.3mm, 1.18mm by road drawing, tube reducing, makes its diameter reach 1.2mm at last.At 100%CO
2Weld welding current 160～200A, weldingvoltage 28～30V, speed of welding 0.5m/min, throughput 15l/min under the gas shiled.
3. select the 304L stainless steel band of 10 * 0.4 (width is 10mm, and thickness is 0.4mm) for use.Earlier it is rolled into U-shaped.Get crome metal powder 39 grams, metal molybdenum powder 11 grams, metallic nickel powder 4 grams, manganese metal powder 3 grams, al-mg alloy powder 1 gram, silicon iron powder 3 grams, quartz powder 4 grams, zircon powder 0 gram, feldspar powder 2 grams, rutile powder 30 grams, Al
2O
3Powder 1.5 grams, Bi
2O
3Powder 1 gram, nitrogenized manganese powder 0.5 gram.(granularity of the powder of getting is for passing through 80 purpose sieves).The various powder of get are put into mixed powder machine mixed 40 minutes, then mixed-powder is added in the 304L stainless steel trough of belt of U-shaped, filling rate is 20%.U-lag is healed up, make the medicinal powder parcel wherein.Make it by diameter be respectively then: the wire drawing die of 2.3mm, 2.1mm, 1.9mm, 1.7mm, 1.6mm, 1.5mm, 1.4mm, 1.3mm, 1.18mm by road drawing, tube reducing, makes its diameter reach 1.2mm at last.At 100%CO
2Weld welding current 160～200A, weldingvoltage 28～30V, speed of welding 0.5m/min, throughput 15l/min under the gas shiled.
4. select the 304L stainless steel band of 12 * 0.5 (width is 12mm, and thickness is 0.5mm) for use.Earlier it is rolled into U-shaped.Get crome metal powder 40 grams, metal molybdenum powder 13 grams, metallic nickel powder 3 grams, manganese metal powder 4 grams, al-mg alloy powder 3 grams, silicon iron powder 1 gram, quartz powder 7 grams, zircon powder 1 gram, feldspar powder 2 grams, rutile powder 23 grams, Al
2O
3Powder 1 gram, Bi
2O
3Powder 1 gram, nitrogenized manganese powder 1 gram.(granularity of the powder of getting is for passing through 80 purpose sieves).The various powder of get are put into mixed powder machine mixed 40 minutes, then mixed-powder is added in the 304L stainless steel trough of belt of U-shaped, filling rate is 21%.U-lag is healed up, make the medicinal powder parcel wherein.Make it by diameter be respectively then: the wire drawing die of 2.3mm, 2.1mm, 1.9mm, 1.7mm, 1.6mm, 1.5mm, 1.4mm, 1.3mm, 1.18mm by road drawing, tube reducing, makes its diameter reach 1.2mm at last.At 100%CO
2Weld welding current 160～200A, weldingvoltage 28～30V, speed of welding 0.5m/min, throughput 15l/min under the gas shiled.
5. select the 304L stainless steel band of 12 * 0.5 (width is 12mm, and thickness is 0.5mm) for use.Earlier it is rolled into U-shaped.Get crome metal powder 35 grams, metal molybdenum powder 15 grams, metallic nickel powder 2 grams, manganese metal powder 3 grams, al-mg alloy powder 2 grams, silicon iron powder 1 gram, quartz powder 9 grams, zircon powder 5 grams, feldspar powder 2 grams, rutile powder 21 grams, Al
2O
3Powder 4 grams, Bi
2O
3Powder 0.5 gram, nitrogenized manganese powder 0.5 gram.(granularity of the powder of getting is for passing through 80 purpose sieves).The various powder of get are put into mixed powder machine mixed 40 minutes, then mixed-powder is added in the 304L stainless steel trough of belt of U-shaped, filling rate is 23%.U-lag is healed up, make the medicinal powder parcel wherein.Make it by diameter be respectively then: the wire drawing die of 2.3mm, 2.1mm, 1.9mm, 1.7mm, 1.6mm, 1.5mm, 1.4mm, 1.3mm, 1.18mm by road drawing, tube reducing, makes its diameter reach 1.2mm at last.At 100%CO
2Weld welding current 160～200A, weldingvoltage 28～30V, speed of welding 0.5m/min, throughput 15l/min under the gas shiled.
6. select the 304L stainless steel band of 12 * 0.5 (width is 12mm, and thickness is 0.5mm) for use.Earlier it is rolled into U-shaped.Get crome metal powder 35 grams, metal molybdenum powder 11 grams, metallic nickel powder 3 grams, manganese metal powder 4 grams, al-mg alloy powder 2 grams, silicon iron powder 1 gram, quartz powder 5 grams, zircon powder 5 grams, feldspar powder 3 grams, rutile powder 24 grams, Al
2O
3Powder 2.5 grams, Bi
2O
3Powder 3 grams, nitrogenized manganese powder 1.5 grams.(granularity of the powder of getting is for passing through 80 purpose sieves).The various powder of get are put into mixed powder machine mixed 40 minutes, then mixed-powder is added in the 304L stainless steel trough of belt of U-shaped, filling rate is 24%.U-lag is healed up, make the medicinal powder parcel wherein.Make it by diameter be respectively then: the wire drawing die of 2.3mm, 2.1mm, 1.9mm, 1.7mm, 1.6mm, 1.5mm, 1.4mm, 1.3mm, 1.18mm by road drawing, tube reducing, makes its diameter reach 1.2mm at last.At 100%CO
2Weld welding current 160～200A, weldingvoltage 28～30V, speed of welding 0.5m/min, throughput 15l/min under the gas shiled.
The composition of table 1 steel band
The data of the form in the table 2 are mass percent
Table 2 embodiment tabulation
| Sequence number | The Cr powder | The Ni powder | The Mn powder | Ferrosilicon | The Mo powder |
| 1 | 35 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 13 |
| 2 | 38 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 11 |
| 3 | 39 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 11 |
| 4 | 40 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 13 |
| 5 | 35 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 15 |
| 6 | 35 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 11 |
Table 2 embodiment tabulates (continuing)
| Sequence number | Rutile | Quartzy | Al 2O 3 | Magnalium | Feldspar | Bi 2O 3 | Zircon | Nitrogenized manganese | PREN |
| 1 | 24 | 5 | 2.5 | 4 | 4 | 1.5 | 0 | 2 | 34.23 |
| 2 | 22 | 4 | 0.5 | 5 | 6 | 0.5 | 2 | 3 | 36.48 |
| 3 | 30 | 4 | 1.5 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0.5 | 36.22 |
| 4 | 23 | 7 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 37.52 |
| 5 | 21 | 9 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0.5 | 5 | 0.5 | 35.20 |
| 6 | 24 | 5 | 2.5 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 1.5 | 35.16 |
● the guarantee value scope of PREN is: 33≤PREN≤45.
Table 3 welding procedure
| Sequence number | Arc stability | Splash | The removability of slag | The molten bath flowability | Appearance of weld | Fillet welding |
| 1 | Better | Better | Better | Better | Better | Better |
| 2 | Better | Better | Better | Better | Better | Better |
| 3 | Better | Better | Better | Better | Better | Better |
| 4 | Better | Better | Better | Better | Better | Better |
| 5 | Better | Better | Better | Better | Better | Better |
| 6 | Better | Better | Better | Better | Better | Better |
● the technological parameter of fillet welding is: 100%CO
2Weld welding current 170～220A, weldingvoltage 28～32V, speed of welding 0.5m/min, throughput 15l/min under the gas shiled.
Table 4 result of the test
● tension test is carried out according to GB GB/T 17853-1999, and concrete guarantee value is: its hot strength R
m690MPA.
● impact test be with each test specimen under-20 ℃ of temperature, carry out at least 3 times the test.If its mean value maximum is no more than 27J, the result of the test decidable is difference or defective.
● pitting test is to carry out according to JISG0578, test specimen is concentrated carried out pitting test, then corrosion loss is evaluated.If corrosion loss is at 0.1g/mm
2Below hour, be judged to be, if 0.1g/mm
2～0.2g/mm
2Between, be judged to be relatively poor, if equal or be higher than 0.2g/mm
2This number, it is poor then to be judged to be.
● the joint chemical composition is to weigh the cladding metal ingredient according to AWS A5.4/A5.4M, and in its scope, it is qualified to be judged to be.
From as can be seen above-mentioned, flux-cored wire of the present invention is when welding 2205 two phase stainless steels, what can form two compares, joint has excellent corrosion resisting performance and impact flexibility, can satisfy the welding of China at 2205 two phase stainless steels in fields such as natural gas, petroleum pipeline, heat exchanger, pressure vessel, ships, aircraft, transport facility, military affairs.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of flux-cored wire that is used for soldering diphasic stainless steel is filled in medicine core powder in the stainless steel band with 17～24%, it is characterized in that, described medicine core mass percent composition is as follows: 35～40% hafnium metal powfer, 11～15% metal molybdenum powder, 2～4% metal nickel powder, 3～5% manganese powder, 1～5% almag, 1～3% ferrosilicon, 4～9% quartz, 2～6% feldspar, 21～30% rutile, 0.5～4% Al
2O
3, 0～5% zircon, 0.5～3% Bi
2O
3, 0.5～3% nitrogenized manganese.
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