CN100492182C - Electrophotographic photoreceptor, method of manufacturing electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge, and electrophotographic device - Google Patents

Abstract

An electrophotographic photoreceptor, comprising a cylindrical support body and an organic light-sensitive layer formed on the cylindrical support body. The peripheral surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor is formed of the combination of grooves formed in the approximately circumferential direction thereof with the flat part thereof. The number of the grooves within a width of 0.5 to 40 mum among these grooves is 20 to 1000 per width of 1000 mum on the peripheral surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor in the bus-bar direction.

Description

The manufacture method of Electrophtography photosensor, Electrophtography photosensor, handle box and electro-photography apparatus

Technical field

The handle box and the electro-photography apparatus that the present invention relates to the manufacture method of a kind of Electrophtography photosensor, Electrophtography photosensor and have Electrophtography photosensor.

Background technology

As Electrophtography photosensor, from advantages such as low price and high productivitys, the Electrophtography photosensor that organic material is formed as the photographic layer (organic photosensitive layer) of photoconductivity material (charge generation material and charge transport material) is set on cylinder or columned supporting mass, and promptly the electrophotographic photoreceptor is popularized.As the electrophotographic photoreceptor, from advantages such as high sensitive and high-durabilities, main flow is the Electrophtography photosensor with so-called laminated-type photographic layer, and the charge generation layer that described photographic layer lamination contains charge generation materials such as photoconductivity dyestuff and photoconductivity pigment obtains with the charge transport layer that contains charge transport materials such as photoconductivity polymkeric substance and photoconductivity low molecular compound.

In addition, as Electrophtography photosensor, the photoreceptor cylindraceous that photographic layer forms is set on cylinder or columned supporting mass normally.

Electrophtography photosensor is used for forming technology by the electrophotographic image that charged operation-exposure process-developing procedure-transfer printing process-cleaning process is formed.

In electrophotographic image formed technology, it was in order to obtain the important procedure of harsh image that paper powder by removing the transfer paper that exists on the side face of Electrophtography photosensor and the residual toner of transfer printing wait the cleaning process of the side face that cleans Electrophtography photosensor.

As clean method, advantages such as easiness from cost, design, main flow is a method as described below: the side face butt that makes cleaning balde and Electrophtography photosensor, eliminate the gap between this cleaning balde and this Electrophtography photosensor, prevent this gap that pushes through of paper powder and transfer printing remaining toner, thus the method that they are struck off.

In the past,, produced problematic image thus in Electrophtography photosensor, and in addition, how the such problem of lifetime can take place because therefore the less high material of hardness that uses tends to produce Electrophtography photosensor and be cut too much.

In addition, by the charged product that charged operation produced, deteriorations such as charge generation material, charge transport material, binder resin also can take place, the problem that electrofax characteristic variation is such.

Yet, in recent years,, can reduce the cutting output of Electrophtography photosensor by selecting material and making the process conditions optimization etc. of electro-photography apparatus, therefore can realize long lifetime.

In recent years, proposed (to be positioned at the most surperficial layer of Electrophtography photosensor by the high layer superficial layer as Electrophtography photosensor of hardness is set, in other words be the layer that is positioned at from the supporting mass highest distance position), the cutting output of Electrophtography photosensor is reduced, realize the technical scheme (for example with reference to Japanese patent laid-open 05-034944 communique, Japanese patent laid-open 05-066598 communique, Japanese patent laid-open 05-088525 communique and Japanese patent laid-open 05-224452 communique) of the long lifetime of Electrophtography photosensor.

Yet, find that the hardness by raising Electrophtography photosensor side face reduces the cutting output of Electrophtography photosensor, can produce following problem.

Because charged product is deposited on the Electrophtography photosensor and/or since the variation of the side face of the Electrophtography photosensor that causes by the energising of charged elements produce image sometimes and move.

Because the friction of the cleaning balde of residual toner and Electrophtography photosensor side face increases on the side face of cleaning Electrophtography photosensor, cleaning balde can sound and produce curling sometimes.

Sometimes exist the edge of cleaning part the phenomenon of breach to occur.

Even owing on the side face of Electrophtography photosensor, piling up the external additive of toner and the paper powder of transfer paper etc., the side face of Electrophtography photosensor also is difficult to be cut, therefore produce the deposited of toner with these foreign matters as starting point, because the probability that the crimping of cleaning balde causes producing damage on the side face of Electrophtography photosensor increases.

As the technology that addresses the above problem, did such trial, regularly grind as side face Electrophtography photosensor, the parts etc. that the side face that grinds Electrophtography photosensor is set in electro-photography apparatus are (for example, with reference to Japanese patent laid-open 05-204282 communique, Japanese patent laid-open 05-323833 communique and Japanese patent laid-open 06-051674 communique.)。

Yet, under the former situation,,, then have the tendency that produces the image variation if surfaceness surpasses suitable scope if the surfaceness after grinding can't obtain effect below proper range.In addition, even the surfaceness of proper range, even initially have effect at mistake paper, but also have following tendency: because Electrophtography photosensor is cut gradually in crossing paper, thereby surface configuration changes, and then the result produces the problems referred to above.

In addition, in the latter case, the problem that exists the electro-photography apparatus main body to maximize, in addition, even the parts that grind the Electrophtography photosensor side face are set in electro-photography apparatus, the condition that adheres to charged product, the external additive of toner or the paper powder of transfer paper etc. on the side face of the Electrophtography photosensor in crossing paper is indefinite, therefore is difficult to find the condition of dealing with problems.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of be difficult to the generate Electrophtography photosensor of the problems referred to above, the manufacture method of this Electrophtography photosensor and handle box and electro-photography apparatus with this Electrophtography photosensor.

The present invention is a kind of Electrophtography photosensor, and it is cylindric or cylindric, and have cylinder or columned supporting mass (sylindrical support) and be located at this cylinder or columned supporting mass on organic photosensitive layer, it is characterized in that,

On the side face of this Electrophtography photosensor, at this side face is to be formed with the groove of a plurality of width in 0.5～40 mu m range on the direction below 52 ° with respect to circumferencial direction, the number of this groove is 20～1000 in per 1000 μ m width of this side face generatrix direction, the number of above-mentioned groove in per 1000 μ m width of this side face generatrix direction is made as i, 20 ≦ i ≦ 1000 are made as W respectively with this i well width ₁μ m～W _iDuring μ m, satisfy following relational expression (a)

$200\≤\underset{n=1}{\overset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{Wn}\≤800---\left(a\right).$

In addition, the present invention is a kind of manufacture method of Electrophtography photosensor, it is characterized in that, has that the superficial layer that forms this Electrophtography photosensor superficial layer forms operation and with the roughening operation of the surface roughening of this superficial layer.

In addition, the present invention is a kind of handle box, it is characterized in that, can one support above-mentioned Electrophtography photosensor and at least a unit that is selected from charged elements, developing cell, transfer printing unit and cleaning unit, and can be with respect to the loading and unloading of electro-photography apparatus main body freely.

In addition, the present invention is a kind of electro-photography apparatus, it is characterized in that, has above-mentioned Electrophtography photosensor, charged elements, exposing unit, developing cell, transfer printing unit and cleaning unit.

According to the present invention, can provide the Electrophtography photosensor that is difficult to produce the problems referred to above, the manufacture method of this Electrophtography photosensor and handle box and electro-photography apparatus with this Electrophtography photosensor.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the figure that an example of muller of abrasive sheet is used in expression.

Fig. 2 is the figure of an example when only representing with the tension force of abrasive sheet 101 side face of handled object 104 to be ground.

Fig. 3 is the figure of an example of expression abrasive sheet.

Fig. 4 is the figure of other example of expression abrasive sheet.

Fig. 5 A, 5B and 5C are the figure of example of the groove state of expression Electrophtography photosensor side face of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the figure of expression with an example of the method for 10 ° angle formation groove.

Fig. 7 is the figure of expression with an example of the method for ± 30 ° angle formation groove.

Fig. 8 is the figure of expression with an example of the method for ± 30 ° angle formation groove.

Fig. 9 is the figure of an example when representing to carry out simultaneously roughening operation and cleaning operation.

Figure 10 is the cutting powder is removed in expression from 107 the bristle portion of brushing figure.

Figure 11 is the cutting powder is removed in expression from 107 the bristle portion of brushing figure.

Figure 12 is that expression is with the figure of scraper plate as the example of cleaning part.

Figure 13 is that expression will be as the dry type of cleaning part or wet type endless belt (belt) 112 and handled object 104 butts, further removes the figure of example of the method for cutting powder residual on the side face of handled object 104.

Figure 14 is that expression is with the figure of Magnetic brush 113 as the example of cleaning part.

Figure 15 is the figure of the example of example shown in example shown in expression combination Figure 11 and Figure 12.

Figure 16 is that expression uses adhesive strip to clean the figure of the example of operation.

Figure 17 is that expression uses roller to clean the figure of the example of operation.

Figure 18 is the figure of an example of the schematic configuration of expression electro-photography apparatus that the handle box with Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention is housed.

Figure 19 is the synoptic diagram of method of cutting amount of powder of measuring the side face of Electrophtography photosensor.

Figure 20 is an image of observing the cutting powder of piling up in the air surface of scraper plate from the air surface of scraper plate.

Figure 21 is the figure of expression scraper plate air surface.

Figure 22 is the sketch of the output map of expression Off イ シ ヤ-ス コ-プ (Fischer Scope) H100V (manufacturing of Fischer company).

Figure 23 is example figure of output map of expression Off イ シ ヤ-ス コ-プ H100V (manufacturing of Fischer company).

Figure 24 A, 24B, 24C, 24D, 24E, 24F, 24G, 24H and 24I are the figure of expression Electrophtography photosensor layer example of structure of the present invention.

Embodiment

Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention, it is cylindric, and have cylinder or columned supporting mass and the organic photosensitive layer that is located on this cylinder or the columned supporting mass, it is characterized in that, on the side face of this Electrophtography photosensor, roughly circumferencial direction at this side face is formed with the groove of a plurality of width in the scope of 0.5～40 μ m, and the number of this groove is 20～1000 on per 1000 μ m width of this side face generatrix direction.(below, the number of the groove of width in the scope of 0.5～40 μ m on per 1000 μ m width of side face generatrix direction is called " groove density ".That is, under the above-mentioned situation, groove density is 20～1000.)

If groove density is less than 20, then under the situation of the electro-photography apparatus that is used to carry cleaning unit with cleaning balde, owing to cross the marginal portion generation breach that the increase of paper number causes cleaning balde, feasible cleaning is not good, on output image, be easy to generate the image of blackstreak shape, in addition, it is deposited to be easy to generate toner etc., is easy to generate white point-like image on output image.

In addition, if groove density less than 20, then under the situation of the electro-photography apparatus that is used to not have cleaning, can bring charging property variation, the transfer device of toner in the pollution, developing cell of charged elements for example to produce problems such as damage.

In addition, if groove density surpasses 1000, produce the literal repeatability sometimes and reduce, little literal (for example literal below 3) image is difficult to reproduce, the style of calligraphy characterized by hollow strokes takes place, and particularly under low wet environment, occurs toner sometimes and can push through the not good problem of the such cleaning of cleaning balde.

In addition, width surpasses the groove of 40 μ m according to the charged current potential of Electrophtography photosensor and the structure of toner, on the medium tone image, be easy to generate gradation unequal and white trace image, in addition, on white image, be easy to generate black trace image, therefore in the groove that forms on the side face of Electrophtography photosensor, with respect to the groove sum on the side face that is formed on Electrophtography photosensor, the ratio that width surpasses the groove of 40 μ m is preferably 20 below the %.

In addition, on the side face of Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention, be preferably 0.5～40 μ m along the groove of roughly circumferencial direction formation and the width of the part between the groove (flat).

If the width of flat surpasses 40 μ m, then under the situation of the electro-photography apparatus that is used to have carried the cleaning unit with cleaning balde, the torque between Electrophtography photosensor and the cleaning balde is risen easily, and it is not good to be easy to generate cleaning.

In addition, to be i (20≤i≤1000) individual (being that groove density is i) for per 1000 μ m width in the number that forms a plurality of groove of width in the scope of 0.5～40 μ m on the Electrophtography photosensor side face, this i the well width of width in the scope of 0.5～40 μ m will be designated as W respectively at the side face generatrix direction ₁～W _iWhen [μ m], preferably satisfy following relational expression (a).

$200\≤\underset{n=1}{\overset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{Wn}\≤800---\left(a\right)$

Above-mentioned relation formula (a) be meant the groove of i width in 0.5～40 mu m range overall width (below be also referred to as " Σ Wn ".) be more than the 200 μ m, below the 800 μ m.

If the overall width of groove surpasses 800 μ m, then under the situation of the electro-photography apparatus that is used to carry cleaning unit with cleaning balde, occur in easily toner between Electrophtography photosensor and the cleaning balde to push through the cleaning that causes not good.On the other hand, if the overall width of groove less than 200 μ m, then the torque between Electrophtography photosensor and the cleaning balde is risen easily because the vibration (sounding thus) of scraper plate and rolling, it is not good to be easy to generate cleaning.

In the present invention, be formed on the well width on the side face of Electrophtography photosensor and the width of groove density and flat and tie up surface measurements machine マ イ Network ロ マ Star プ 557N, by following such mensuration by the noncontact 3 of using (strain) water chestnutization シ ス テ system to make.

At first, 5 times two-beam interference object lens are installed in the optical microscope portion of マ イ Network ロ マ Star プ, Electrophtography photosensor is fixed under the lens, use the CCD camera vertical scanning interference image of surface configuration image, thereby obtain 3-D view as mode.The scope that obtains image is 1.6mm * 1.2mm.

Then, the 3-D view that obtains is analyzed, obtained groove quantity, the well width of per 1000 μ m unit lengths as data.Based on these data, can analyze well width, groove quantity.

In addition, in the present invention, the groove more than the width 0.5 μ m is counted, at 3 positions of Electrophtography photosensor generatrix direction, with 12 positions of total at each 4 position in each position circumferencial direction as measuring the position.

In addition, for well width, the quantity of groove, except マ イ Network ロ マ Star プ, can also be by laser microscope (the super degree of depth measuring shape microscope VK-8550 that sells on the market, VK-9000 (strain) キ-エ Application ス makes), confocal some laser microscope OLS3000 of sweep type (オ リ Application パ ス (strain) manufacturing), very color confocal microscope is プ リ テ Network ス C130 (レ-ザ-テ Star Network (strain) is made), digital microscope VHX-100, VH-8000) ((strain) キ-エ Application ス make) etc., obtain the image of Electrophtography photosensor side face, based on it, use image processing software (WinROOF (three paddy business (strain) manufacturing) for example, thus can be in the hope of well width, the quantity of groove.In addition, as long as use three-dimensional noncontact shape measuring apparatus (NewView5032 (ザ イ go (strain) manufacturing)) etc., can measure equally with マ イ Network ロ マ Star プ.

10 average surface roughness Rz of Electrophtography photosensor side face are preferably 0.3 μ m～1.3 μ m.If less than 0.3 μ m, the deleterious that flows of removal of images sometimes then, if surpass 1.3 μ m, then the literal repeatability can reduce sometimes, is difficult to reproduce little literal (for example literal below 3) image, literal is fuzzy can't be seen clearly.

In addition, ten of the Electrophtography photosensor side face average surface roughness Rz are one of indexs of representing groove depth.

In the present invention, poor (Rmax-Rz) of the maximum surfaceness Rmax of Electrophtography photosensor side face and 10 average surface roughness Rz is preferably below the 0.3 μ m, more preferably below the 0.2 μ m, if surpass 0.3 μ m, shading inequality on the medium tone image sometimes then.

In the present invention, 10 the average surface roughness Rz and the maximum surfaceness Rmax of Electrophtography photosensor side face are according to JIS specification 1982, the surface roughness measurement device サ-Off コ-ダ SE3500 type that uses (strain) little slope research institute to make is measured according to following condition.

Detecting device: R2 μ m

0.7mN diamond needle

Filtrator: 2CR

The value of cutting: 0.8mm

Measured length: 2.5mm

Handover speed: 0.1mm

In addition, in the present invention, at 3 positions of Electrophtography photosensor generatrix direction, with 12 positions of total at each 4 position of the circumferencial direction at each position as measuring the position.

Below, the method for Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention is made in explanation simultaneously.

Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention for example can be by being prepared as follows: behind the superficial layer that forms Electrophtography photosensor, make the surface roughening of superficial layer, make all surface states of the Electrophtography photosensor after finishing satisfy above-mentioned condition.

As other method, can list on the cylinder of roughening or columned supporting mass laminated photosensitive layer etc. successively, in the method for reflection supporting mass side face shape on the Electrophtography photosensor side face with by using superficial layer to be coated with when forming superficial layer, carry out the methods such as method of roughening at the superficial layer of coating preceding with coating fluid bone dry (curing) (having under the state of flowability) with coating fluid.

Then, as an example of the surface roughening process of the manufacture method that can be used for Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention, an example of the muller of use abrasive sheet shown in Figure 1.Abrasive sheet is dispersed with layer sheet grinding component that forms that grinds abrasive particle for being arranged in the binder resin on flat substrates.

In Fig. 1, abrasive sheet 101 is wrapped on the axle 106 of hollow, and go up in the opposite direction the side that is provided for and sends abrasive sheet 101 on axle 106, abrasive sheet 101 is applied the motor (not shown) of tension force.Abrasive sheet 101 is sent along the direction of arrow, by behind guide roller 102a, the 102b by backing roll 103, the abrasive sheet 101 after the grinding is by guide roller 102c, 102d, is wound in by motor (not shown) and twines on the parts 105.Grinding is undertaken by following: abrasive sheet 101 always is crimped on the handled object (carry out the preceding Electrophtography photosensor of the roughening (grinding) of side face or carry out the roughening (grinding) of side face and the Electrophtography photosensor before the cleaning) 104, comes the side face of handled object 104 is carried out roughening.Because abrasive sheet mostly 101 is an insulativity, therefore at the position that abrasive sheet 101 is contacted, preferred material that is grounded or the material of using with electric conductivity.

The handover speed of abrasive sheet 101 is preferably in the scope of 10～500mm/min.If feeding amount is few, then sometimes the side face of handled object 104 is produced dark scratch, produce groove inhomogeneous, on the surface of abrasive sheet 101 adhesive bonding resin etc.

Handled object 104 is arranged at across the relative position of abrasive sheet 101 and backing roll 103.At this moment, backing roll 103 is with the base material side pushing stipulated time of desired setting value from abrasive sheet 101, thereby the side face of handled object 104 is roughened.The sense of rotation of handled object 104 can be identical with the method for transporting of abrasive sheet 101, also can be opposite with it.In addition, surface roughening midway in, also can change sense of rotation.

If the pressure of 103 pairs of handled objects of backing roll, 104 pushings is at 0.005～15N/m ²Scope, the shape of the easy preparation cost of the side face shape of the Electrophtography photosensor after then finishing invention regulation.The film thickness of handover speed, the pushing pressure of backing roll 103, the particle diameter and the shape of grinding abrasive particle, the grain size number that is scattered in the grinding abrasive particle in the abrasive sheet that the side face shape of Electrophtography photosensor (well width, groove density, surfaceness etc.) can be by suitable selection abrasive sheet 101, the binder resin of abrasive sheet, the thickness of base material etc. are adjusted.

As grinding abrasive particle, can enumerate for example particles such as aluminium oxide, chromium oxide, adamas, iron oxide, cerium oxide, corundum, silica, silicon nitride, boron nitride, molybdenum carbide, silit, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide and monox.The mean grain size of grinding abrasive particle is preferably 0.01～50 μ m, more preferably 1～15 μ m.If it is too small to grind the mean grain size of abrasive particle, the side face shape of the Electrophtography photosensor after then finishing is difficult to the shape of preparation cost invention regulation.Particularly well width is difficult to reach the value of the present invention's regulation.On the other hand, if the mean grain size of grinding abrasive particle is excessive, then exist the difference of Rmax-Rz to become big tendency.In addition, grind the mean grain size of abrasive particle for passing through the median diameter D50 of determination centrifugal sedimentation.

Abrasive sheet grinds the material that abrasive particle forms and prepares by being coated on to be dispersed with in the binder resin on base material.Grinding abrasive particle in the binder resin can also be with to a certain degree size distribution and is disperseed, but also can control this size-grade distribution.For example, even mean grain size is identical, also can be by the particle of big particle diameter be removed, thus reduce the value of Rmax-Rz.In addition, when the preparation abrasive sheet, can suppress the deviation of polishing particles mean grain size, the deviation of the Rz of the Electrophtography photosensor after the result can suppress to finish.

The grain size number that is scattered in the grinding abrasive particle in the binder resin of abrasive sheet is relevant with the mean grain size of grinding abrasive particle.Grain size number is less, and the mean grain size of then grinding abrasive particle is big, therefore is easy to generate scuffing on the side face of the Electrophtography photosensor after finishing.The grain size number that is scattered in the grinding abrasive particle in the abrasive sheet is preferably in 500～20000 scope, further 1000～3000 scope more preferably.

Binder resin as the polishing particles that is used in abrasive sheet disperses can use known thermoplastic resin, thermoset resin, reactive resin, electron ray curing resin, ultraviolet curable resin, visible-light curing resin and mildew resistance resin.As thermoplastic resin, for example can enumerate vestolit, polyamide, vibrin, polycarbonate resin, amino resins, Styrene-Butadiene, polyurethane elastomer and polyamide-polyorganosiloxane resin etc.As thermoset resin, for example can enumerate phenolic resin, phenoxy resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, vibrin, polyorganosiloxane resin, melmac and alkyd resin etc.

In the binder resin of abrasive sheet, make polishing particles disperse the film thickness of the layer form to be preferably 1～100 μ m.If film thickness is blocked up, then be easy to generate the inhomogeneous of thickness, the result is big in the lip-deep concavo-convex change of abrasive sheet, and after grinding handled object, it is big that Rmax-Rz becomes easily.On the other hand, if film thickness is thin excessively, grinds abrasive particle and come off easily.In the present invention, as abrasive sheet, the material of selling on the market of enumerating below for example can using.

レ Off ラ イ ト (strain) makes MAXIMA, MAXIMAT type

(strain) KOVAX makes ラ ピ カ

Sumitomo 3M (strain) makes accurate grinding film (マ イ Network ロ Off イ ニ Star シ Application グ Off イ Le system) ラ Star ピ Application グ Off イ Le system

Three are total to physics and chemistry learns (strain) manufacturing ミ ラ-Off イ Le system, ラ Star プ Application グ Off イ Le system

Japan ミ Network ロ コ-テ イ Application グ (strain) makes ミ Port Star Network ス

In addition, in the present invention,, can also carry out repeatedly surface roughening operation (grinding step) in order to obtain expecting the Electrophtography photosensor of side face shape.At this moment, can begin to change into the abrasive sheet that is dispersed with the thinner grinding abrasive particle of grain size number from the abrasive sheet that is dispersed with the thicker grinding abrasive particle of grain size number, also can begin to change into the abrasive sheet that is dispersed with the thicker grinding abrasive particle of grain size number from the abrasive sheet that is dispersed with the thinner grinding abrasive particle of grain size number.Under the former situation, can be on groove thicker on the side face of Electrophtography photosensor overlapping thinner groove, in the latter case, can reduce the inhomogeneous of groove.

In addition, can also be identical with grain size number, grind the different abrasive sheet of abrasive particle and grind.Owing to grind the hardness of grain difference, therefore can make the side face shape optimization of Electrophtography photosensor.

As the base material that uses in the abrasive sheet, can enumerate for example vibrin, polyolefin resin, celluosic resin, polyvinyl resin, polycarbonate resin, polyimide resin, polyamide, polysulfone resin and poly-diphenylsulphone resin etc.

The thickness of abrasive sheet base material is preferably 10～150 μ m, further 15～100 μ m more preferably.If the thickness of base material is thin excessively, in the time of then on the side face that abrasive sheet is pressed against handled object with backing roll, can cause the inhomogeneous of pushing pressure, thereby can produce the wrinkle of abrasive sheet, not means of abrasion about the recess generation number mm of Electrophtography photosensor side face, produce zanjon at protuberance, it is even to occur density unevenness on the medium tone image.If the thickness of base material is blocked up, then the hardness of abrasive sheet self uprises, and the side face that skewness, pushing pressure inhomogeneous of grinding abrasive particle is reflected in Electrophtography photosensor in shape.

Backing roll 103 is effectively as the parts that form groove on the side face that makes handled object 104.Can be only tension force by abrasive sheet 101 grind, also can adopt and not use backing roll 103, only on the side face of handled object 104, form the method for groove by the tension force of abrasive sheet 101.But, (mainly being to use under the situation of curable resin) under the superficial layer hardness condition with higher of Electrophtography photosensor, because only the tension force by abrasive sheet 101 is lower with the pressure that handled object 104 side faces contact, the therefore preferred method of using backing roll.

An example in Fig. 2, having represented the situation of only side face of handled object 104 being ground by the tension force of abrasive sheet 101.The aspect different with example shown in Fig. 1 is not have backing roll 103, to the control of the groove shape that forms on handled object 104 side faces mainly by decisions such as the pressure of 101 pairs of handled objects of grain size number, abrasive sheet, 104 pushings of the grinding abrasive particle that in abrasive sheet 101, uses, milling times.

As the material of the backing roll 103 that is used for muller, can enumerate metal and resin etc.In operation with the side face roughening (grinding) of handled object 104, consider because the grinding pressure distribution of the thrust direction of the cylinder vibration of the cylinder vibration of handled object 104, backing roll 103, abrasive sheet 101 etc., grinding pressure skewness at the side face of handled object 104, if consider it is absorbed, then the material preferred resin of backing roll 103.In addition, if at first consider to absorb inhomogeneous that grinding pressure distributes, then the material of backing roll 103 is more preferably the foaminess resin in the resin, wherein, abrasive sheet 101 is insulativity substantially, the side face of handled object 104 is owing to frictional electrification, and therefore in order to suppress the rising of voltage, the material of backing roll 103 more preferably has electric conductivity.

In addition, even the material of backing roll 103 has electric conductivity, but owing to do not have electric conductivity between the side face of the surface of abrasive sheet 101 and handled object 104, so the side face of the surface of abrasive sheet 101 and handled object 104 more or less can have certain electric weight in grinding.Because the resistance of various materials etc., electrified voltage is different, and the material that electrified voltage is high reaches several kV sometimes.Therefore, in the roughening operation, can also locate to blow attached electric air and the static air etc. of removing to side face and the abrasive sheet and their the roll gap portion etc. of handled object.

Use at backing roll under the situation of foaminess resin, if its hardness is lower, even improve the pressure of pushing handled object, backing roll also can deform, and the shape of the Electrophtography photosensor side face after finishing is difficult to make the shape of the present invention's regulation.Therefore, under the situation of using the foaminess resin, the hardness of backing roll is preferably more than 10 with A Sika (Asker) C sclerometer.On the other hand, drop in the above-mentioned scope in order to make groove density, well width, Rmax-Rz, higher limit is preferably below 70.More preferably the A Si card C hardness of backing roll is 15～65, further is 25～60.

As satisfying A Si card C hardness is backing roll more than 10, can enumerate the resin of materials such as using urethane resin, polystyrene resin, acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, polyolefin resin, fluororubber and phenolic resin.

Durometer ESC type (SRIS0101/ Type C) contact backing roll that the mensuration of A Sika C hardness is made by making エ ラ ス ト Application society reads its pointer position and measures.

Use at backing roll under the situation of foaminess resin, portion has foreign matter easily in the hole of foaminess resin, therefore preferably gives one's full attention to and do not enter foreign matter on the interface of abrasive sheet and backing roll.Therefore, it is effective always backing roll being blown attached air etc.

Except the foaminess resin, can also use that to satisfy Xiao A hardness be that 5～70, particularly 10～40 resin is as the material that is fit to.

As satisfying Xiao A hardness is 5～70 backing roll, can enumerate the resin of materials such as using urethane resin, polystyrene resin, acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, polyolefin resin, fluororubber and phenolic resin.

Durometer ESC type (SRIS0101/ Type C) contact backing roll that the mensuration of Xiao A hardness is made by making エ ラ ス ト Application society reads its pointer position and measures.

An example of abrasive sheet shown in Figure 3.The binder resin 302 that abrasive sheet shown in Fig. 3 grinds abrasive particle 303 for coating on base material 301 is dispersed with constitutes.

Other example of abrasive sheet shown in Figure 4.Abrasive sheet shown in Fig. 4 is the abrasive sheet that the sword end of grinding abrasive particle 303 erects.At coating (electrostatic applications etc.) binder resin 302 on the base material 301 with after grinding abrasive particle 303, the coat binding resin 304 again, make the sword end that grinds abrasive particle 303 stable.

Example at the groove state of Electrophtography photosensor side face of the present invention shown in Fig. 5 A-5C.

Fig. 5 A shows the state that forms groove along the direction identical with circumferencial direction, Fig. 5 B shows at the state that has 10 ° angle landform grooving with respect to circumferencial direction, and Fig. 5 C has with respect to circumferencial direction for showing ± state (state that the groove of 2 directions is overlapping) of 30 ° angle landform grooving.In addition, in the present invention, " roughly circumferencial direction " comprises to be the situation of circumferencial direction fully and to be the situation of circumferencial direction substantially, is circumferencial direction substantially, specifically is meant with respect to the direction of circumferencial direction less than ± 60 °.

When being used to load the electro-photography apparatus of cleaning unit with cleaning balde, in order to reduce the contact area of cleaning balde and Electrophtography photosensor side face, obtain more favourable cleaning performance, groove is the smaller the better with respect to the angle of circumferencial direction, specifically, preferably average angle is less than 45 °, and preferred especially average angle is below 30 °.On the other hand, when the parts that contact with Electrophtography photosensor at the edge of cleaning balde etc. were seized foreign matter on both sides by the arms, groove can preferably can easily be removed foreign matter with respect to the angle of circumferencial direction, in addition, more preferably forms the overlapping groove that forms of groove that makes 2 directions above.

It is shown in Figure 6 to form the example of method of groove with 10 ° angle shown in Fig. 5 B.

In Fig. 6, abrasive sheet 101 twines along the arrow A direction, and backing roll 103 is arrow directions X driven be rotated of center along equidirectional with back shaft (not shown).Handled object 104 rotates along arrow Y direction.Be supported at handled object 104 under the situation of roller 103 pressurizations, move along the arrow B direction by making handled object 104, thereby form above-mentioned groove.Electrophtography photosensor side face groove with respect to the angle of circumferencial direction by abrasive sheet 101 and the handover speed of handled object 104, the adjustment such as rotation number of handled object 104.

Shown in Fig. 5 C, an example of method that forms grooves with ± 30 ° angles is shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.

In Fig. 7, abrasive sheet 101 twines along the arrow A direction, and to be the center with back shaft (not shown) be rotated along the arrow directions X of equidirectional backing roll 103.Meanwhile, keep the parts of backing roll 103 to move along the arrow B direction by making, abrasive sheet 101 moves too, thus angulation.The setting of angle is adjusted by the mobile width of handled object 104, backing roll 103, the variation of moving period, the handover speed of abrasive sheet 101.

The situation of Fig. 8 is different with the situation of Fig. 7, is when twining abrasive sheet 101, and when handled object 104 rotate along arrow Y direction, the parts that make maintenance handled object 104 were along arrow B direction move left and right and angulation.The variation of angle is adjusted according to the setting identical with the situation of Fig. 6.

Electrophtography photosensor side face groove is pressed following mensuration with respect to the angle of circumferencial direction: the color laser microscope (super degree of depth measuring shape microscope VK-8550) that uses (strain) キ-エ Application ス to make, and observe the side face of Electrophtography photosensors with 20 times object lens and measure.

Under the situation of the side face roughening that makes handled object with abrasive sheet, produce following phenomenon sometimes: at the inner powder of piling up cutting handled object side face and producing of groove, or the both ends of groove protuberance, or the both ends of the groove of protuberance cover groove once more.If the Electrophtography photosensor that will produce these phenomenons is installed in and carries out image in the electro-photography apparatus and export, the inside cutting powder that is scraped groove by toner (also containing external additive) etc. is then arranged, or by cleaning balde prune part that geosynclinal uprise rises and the part that covers groove.In addition, the part that " covers the part of groove " and be meant the cutting powder that produces and groove both ends protuberance when grinding the handled object side face with abrasive sheet is struck off and is imbedded the part of groove.

If the cutting output of scraping output and protrusion of cutting powder is more, then these on edge attached to cleaning balde, are difficult to keep normal cleaning easily, produce the striped of black or white sometimes on output image.In addition, if the continuous paper of crossing then produces depositedly sometimes, white point appears on output image on the side face of Electrophtography photosensor.As conventional art, existence is used as the cutting powder of Electrophtography photosensor side face the technology of lubricant, but under the situation of Electrophtography photosensor with high hardness surface layer, because at the marginal existence of cleaning balde cutting powder, can be created in and produce scratch or toner deposited problem on the side face of Electrophtography photosensor on the side face of Electrophtography photosensor.Particularly for as cited charged of the essential factor of cutting output of domination Electrophtography photosensor, comparing and damaging under the situation of less corona charging with the contact electrification that is subjected to a large amount of discharge deterioration infringements, the cutting output of Electrophtography photosensor side face self reduces, be difficult to remove scratch, toner fusing of Electrophtography photosensor side face etc., therefore as a result of, there is the tendency of encouraging the problems referred to above.

The inventor measures the amount of the cutting powder of Electrophtography photosensor side face under following condition, the ulking thickness of the Electrophtography photosensor cutting powder of piling up on the air surface of the urethane resin system of mensuration scraper plate, its result and Electrophtography photosensor life relation are estimated, if find this ulking thickness in specific scope, then can prolong the life-span of Electrophtography photosensor.

Promptly, under the environment of 23 ℃/50%RH, making hardness was the scraper plate of 77 ° the urethane resin system Electrophtography photosensor that is connected to side face with the linear pressure of 2g/mm with the peripheral speed rotation of 150mm/s in the time of 90 seconds, the ulking thickness of the cutting powder of the Electrophtography photosensor of piling up on the air surface of this urethane resin system scraper plate is preferably in the scope of 0.1～5 μ m, further more preferably in the scope of 0.5～5 μ m.

Figure 19 illustrates the synoptic diagram of measuring Electrophtography photosensor side face cutting amount of powder method.In Figure 20, be illustrated in the color laser microscope (super degree of depth measuring shape microscope VK-8550) of (strain) キ-エ Application ス manufacturing, use 50 times object lens, observe the resulting image of piling up in the air surface of scraper plate of cutting powder from the air surface of scraper plate." cutting amount of powder " specifically is meant by super degree of depth measuring shape microscope VK-8550, measures the air surface of scraper plate and the resulting value of distance (maximum height) between the cutting powder topmost automatically.In addition, the air surface of scraper plate is Figure 19 and position shown in Figure 20.

By containing the manufacture method of above-mentioned surface roughening operation, thereby when making Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention, in this surface roughening operation, can adjust the amount of above-mentioned cutting powder.

When only the amount that is difficult to make above-mentioned cutting powder with the surface roughening operation is in above-mentioned scope, can be behind side face roughening with handled object, clean the side face (cleaning operation) of handled object or carry out the roughening operation simultaneously and this cleaning operation, or both combinations are carried out, as long as the amount of above-mentioned cutting powder is controlled in the above-mentioned scope.

Below to the cleaning operation describe.

Figure 9 illustrates an example of the situation of carrying out surface roughening operation and cleaning operation simultaneously.

In Fig. 9, abrasive sheet 101 moves along the arrow A direction, and handled object 104 rotates along the arrow B direction.At this moment, while relatively rotate crimping with handled object 104, remove the cutting powder of piling up at the side face of handled object 104 as the brush 107 of cleaning part.The cleaning time can be identical with milling time, also can after backing roll 103 leaves from handled object 104, brush 107 is crimped on the side face of handled object 104 after grind finishing, and keeps that this state is constant only to prolong the cleaning time.

Because it is abrasive sheet 101 is insulativity, therefore charged in the surface roughening operation.The handled object 104 that is contacted is photoconductivity, and is charged owing to contacting with abrasive sheet 101.Can think that also cutting powder self also is being with.Therefore, in Fig. 9, backing roll 103, handled object 104 and to brush 107 all be ground connection also can be as required, to abrasive sheet 101, handled object 104 and brush 107 apply charged, remove means such as electricity, rayed, trap to brush in 107 and apply triboelectric series for cutting powder.

Pilot brush 107 makes itself and handled object 104 rotate vis-a-vis.Therefore, along with the sense of rotation of abrasive sheet 101, make brush 107 rotations synchronous with it, this helps reclaiming the cutting powder.

If use brush 107 continuously, then can capture cutting powder etc. in bristle portion, be difficult to keep performance, therefore as follows, the preferred parts of removing the cutting powder from bristle portion of installing.

In Figure 10 and Figure 11, show the example of removing the cutting powder from the 107 bristle portions of brushing.

In Figure 10, the tabular cutting powder that has certain limit intrusion amount to brush 107 pushings scrapes parts (scraper plate) 108.Consider the turning axle of handled object in the flatness, surface roughening operation of brush 107 bristle minister degree, handled object and the depth of parallelism of handled object etc., the scope of scraper plate 108 intrusion amounts is preferably in the scope of 0.2～5mm, further more preferably in the scope of 0.5～2.5mm.Scraper plate 108 and brush 107 be ground connection all, but also can apply voltage respectively or apply voltage to a certain side the two, so that can pile up the cutting powder on scraper plate 108.With the zone of brush 107 scraper plates that contacts 108 in owing to piled up the cutting powder, therefore preferred regular scraper cleaner 108.

In Figure 11,, therefore the roller 109 that has applied positive voltage is contacted with this brush 107, thereby remove the cutting powder from brushing 107 for capturing this powder because the cutting powder of collecting in brush 107 has negative electricity.In order to apply positive voltage, the roller 109 preferred metals that use can also use electroconductive resin.The scraper plate 110 that is used to reclaim the cutting powder that is captured is installed in roller 109.Can list the rubber flap that links to each other with sheet metal a example, get final product, then be not limited thereto so long as capture the cutting powder by roller 109 as scraper plate 110.Owing to piled up the cutting powder that is captured at the position that scraper plate 110 contacts with roller 109, therefore preferably regularly scraper plate 110 cleaned.

In addition, the brush that is used to clean handled object also can be a plurality of, and in addition, the material of a plurality of brushes, external diameter, rotating speed, sense of rotation, cleaning time etc. can be the same, also can be different.As the material of brush, can enumerate acryl resin, polyamide, aromatic polyamide resin, polypropylene, Polyvinylchloride polyester, polyethylene terephthalate and polyphenylene sulfide etc.From scrape cutting powder in the groove, remove groove both ends protuberance etc. the aspect, material is preferably hard.In addition, preferably select to scrape the cutting powder, can also discharge the material of cutting powder from brush.In above-mentioned material, preferred acrylic resins, polyamide and aromatic polyamide resin.

Cleaning parts such as brush as using in the cleaning operation preferably have electric conductivity.If consider ground connection and apply voltage, then preferably low-resistance, specifically, preferably have 10 ¹～10 ⁸The resistance value of Ω cm.

The thickness of bristle portion, be preferably 1～20 danier (0.11～2.22mg/m), further 2～12 daniers (0.22～1.33mg/m) more preferably., may invade in the groove when thin in hair portion, on the other hand, when the hardness of hair is more weak, have the tendency that scrapes off ability drop.In addition, when bristle is thick, there is the tendency that is difficult to scrape cutting powder in the groove.

The length of bristle (bristle minister degree) is preferably 1～10mm, further 2～7mm more preferably.Brush is after making, and the finishing top is adjusted to the length of expectation, when bristle is longer, even when using the stronger material of hardness, also may produce the length inequality when finishing, in addition, if bristle is longer, the tendency that then exists hardness to die down.Bristle is short more, then hardness enhancing on apparent, but from the cylinder vibration of handled object, the considerations such as rectilinearity of surface roughening assembly axis, bristle lengths is preferably more than the 1mm.

In addition, as the shape of cleaning part, for example, in addition, can also enumerate the cleaning part of different shapes such as endless belt (belt), roller, strip (tape) and scraper plate at the above-mentioned brush of passing the imperial examinations at the provincial level.

Shown in Figure 12 with the example of scraper plate as cleaning part.

When scraper plate is used as cleaning part, if piling up the cutting powder at the edge of brush 111 is more than necessity, then scraping off effect sometimes reduces, and on the side face of handled object (Electrophtography photosensor), produce scar, if the throughput rate of considering, then preferred cleaning regularly edge, or be replaced by new scraper plate.In addition, not shownly among Figure 12 be, supply with external additive or the particle similar that uses in the toners, also help to remove the cutting powder with it to scraper plate 111.As the material of scraper plate, can enumerate for example urethane resin, silicon rubber, fluororubber and vinyl cyanide-butadiene rubber etc.

In addition, can also with the roughening operation simultaneously, or after it, use be dispersed with the surface roughening operation in the abrasive sheet of number different grinding abrasive particle of the grinding wear particle size of the abrasive sheet that uses clean operation.By grinding with the side face of the abrasive sheet that is dispersed with the different grinding abrasive particle of grain size number to handled object, the both ends that the groove of the both ends protuberance of powder that the handled object side face is cut out or groove or protuberance is piled up in the inside that can be created in groove cover these phenomenons of groove once more.The grain size number of the grinding abrasive particle of the abrasive sheet that uses in the cleaning preferably grain size number than the grinding abrasive particle of the abrasive sheet that uses in roughening is big, in addition, the grinding abrasive particle of the abrasive sheet that uses in the preferred specific surface roughening of the grinding abrasive particle of the abrasive sheet that uses in the cleaning is little.The transfer direction of the abrasive sheet that uses in the transfer direction specific surface roughening of the abrasive sheet that uses in the cleaning can be equidirectional, also can be reverse direction.In addition, when changing the abrasive sheet transfer direction, can change the transfer direction of the abrasive sheet that uses in the transfer direction of the abrasive sheet that uses in the cleaning and the roughening simultaneously, also can be at different time changings.

The sense of rotation of handled object 104 can be identical with the transfer direction of abrasive sheet 101, also can be relative with it.In addition, also can change sense of rotation midway at surface roughening.When changing sense of rotation, can determine the number of times that changes and time etc., as long as make the amount of above-mentioned cutting powder in above-mentioned scope.Consider that the cutting powder that is produced by the surface roughening operation, the protuberance at groove both ends etc. are relevant with the sense of rotation of handled object 104,, then can have the tendency that it is scraped or peels off therefore by making handled object 104 retrograde rotations.Therefore, making the method for the sense of rotation retrograde rotation of handled object in the roughening operation is one of method of carrying out simultaneously surface roughening operation and cleaning operation.

Figure 13 illustrates following example: the second cleaning operation after finishing as the first cleaning operation, make dry type or wet type endless belt 112 and handled object 104 butts, thereby further remove the method that remains in the cutting powder on handled object 104 side faces as cleaning part.

By above-mentioned the whole bag of tricks, the handled object 104 to be through with roughening operation (grinding step) and cleaning operation (the first cleaning operation) makes dry type or wet type endless belt 112 move to arrow D direction.Handled object 104 is rotated along the arrow B direction.At this moment, endless belt 112 is supported roller 103 with the pressure of stipulating and is crimped on the handled object 104, and carries out the second cleaning operation.The cleaning time is arbitrarily, and in addition, endless belt 112 can be backward with the sense of rotation of handled object 104.As endless belt 112, for example can enumerate with urethane resin and melmac is the foaming sheet of material and foam sponge etc., under the situation of wet type, uses and contains the solvent that ion exchange water or alcohol etc. do not corrode handled object 104.In addition, this second cleaning operation also can be carried out simultaneously with the roughening operation (grinding step) and/or the first cleaning operation.

Figure 14 illustrates and use the example of Magnetic brush 113 as cleaning part.Figure 14 illustrates the example of Magnetic brush 113 ground connection, also can make Magnetic brush charged.Be provided with magnetic pole (not shown) in the inside of Magnetic brush 113.Magnetic brush 113 is mainly formed by particle 114, as particle 114, can use the particle handled was carried out on the surface of the surface of resin particle or metallics.The particle 114 that forms Magnetic brush 113 bristles hurts the side face of handled object 114 when bristle portion comes off sometimes, therefore, preferably makes the position and the charged current potential optimization of installation.For example, as shown in figure 14, can consider following method: even harm and the method for the container of particle 114 is set in the bottom of handled object 104 for particle 114 comes off also not produce from bristle, or be purpose to prevent that particle 114 from coming off, in handled object 104 (Electrophtography photosensor), apply the methods such as voltage that do not produce the memory degree.For scraper plate 111 is set attached to the particle on the handled object 104 114 from Magnetic brush 113 taking-ups.Owing to when clipping particle 114, abrade the side face of handled object 104 sometimes at the edge of scraper plate 111, therefore also can use brush to replace scraper plate 111, in addition, also can use their combination.In addition, can also be arranged on the device of taking particle 114 between Magnetic brush 113 and the scraper plate 111 away, for example magnetite and metallic roll etc.

In Magnetic brush 113, be full of cutting during powder, then become the principal element of scratch handled object 114 side faces, therefore all change the bristles of Magnetic brushes 113, or change the unit of Magnetic brush 113, or by the cutting powder that only captures such as charged.

In addition, in order to improve the arresting efficiency of cutting powder, can in the unit of Magnetic brush 113, add particulate.As the material of particulate, mainly enumerate metal oxide, especially preferably be generally used for the material of the external additive of toner, for example silicon dioxide, titanium oxide compound, aluminium oxide, cerium oxide, lime carbonate, magnesium carbonate and calcium phosphate etc.These materials can use separately, also can use multiple.In addition, can also be the particulate that applies after the surface treatments such as hydrophobization processing.

Figure 15 illustrates the example of example shown in example shown in combination Figure 11 and Figure 12.In addition, figure 16 illustrates the use adhesive strip and clean the example of operation.When carrying out the surface roughening operation, with backing roll 116 adhesive strip 115 is pressed to handled object 104 with cleaning, send adhesive strip 115 along the arrow E direction, after the side face of handled object 104 is cleaned, winding adhesive strip 115.Cleaning fits tightly in handled object 104 in order to make adhesive strip 115 with backing roll 116, so its material preferable alloy or the high resin of hardness.

Use roller shown in Figure 17 cleans the example of operation.When carrying out the surface roughening operation, make roller 117 be crimped on handled object 104 simultaneously, scrape off attached to the cutting powder on the roller 117 by scraper plate 118.As the material of roller 117, use to have fusible material, metal or electroconductive resin, foaminess resin etc.When roller 117 uses have adhesive material, scraper plate 118 is not set just roller 117 is pressed to handled object 104, thereby can make the cutting powder expeditiously to roller 117 side shiftings, can effectively realize the long lifetime of roller 117.Use when having metal or electroconductive resin at roller 117, preferably with its ground connection or apply voltage, so that the cutting powder is reclaimed by roller 117 from the side face of handled object 104.Use when having the resin of foaminess at roller 117, be constructed such that preferably the cutting powder imbeds the foamed position with the roller 117 of handled object 104 crimping.In addition, the also preferred roller that uses with electric conductivity and foaminess.

Can also after roughening operation and/or other cleaning operations, in liquid, flood the handled object stipulated time, and clean operation by vibration.As this liquid, can enumerate water or organic solvent etc.With an organic solvent the time, can use the solvent, preference such as the pure and mild ketone that do not dissolve handled object photographic layer etc.In addition, can also use the solvent that is used for superficial layer usefulness coating fluid.If in dipping, make the little vibration of handled object, then can more effectively remove the cutting powder by the ultrasonic cleansing device.

The present invention can play a role when being used for the Electrophtography photosensor that side face is difficult to wear and tear most effectively.Its reason is because the Electrophtography photosensor that side face is difficult to wear and tear is high durable as mentioned above, on the other hand,

Find the phenomenon of the emargintion of cleaning member sometimes.

Even the side face at Electrophtography photosensor is piled up the external additive of toner and the paper powder of transfer paper etc., also be difficult to cut the side face of Electrophtography photosensor, therefore with these foreign matters be starting point produce toner deposited, make that by the crimping of cleaning balde producing abrasive probability on the side face of Electrophtography photosensor increases such problem and become remarkable.Specifically, the universal hardness value (HU) of Electrophtography photosensor side face is preferably 150N/mm ²More than, further 160N/mm more preferably ²More than.

In addition, side face be difficult to wear and tear and the above-mentioned side face shape that is difficult to produce abrasive Electrophtography photosensor using the back variation less repeatedly, even under the situation of prolonged and repeated use, also can keep initial sanitary characteristics from initial.

Be difficult to wearing and tearing from the side face of Electrophtography photosensor, also be difficult to produce abrasive aspect and consider that the universal hardness value (HU) of Electrophtography photosensor side face is preferably 240N/mm ²Below, further 220N/mm more preferably ²Below, further also be preferably 200N/mm ²Below.In addition, the elastic deformation rate of Electrophtography photosensor side face is preferably more than 40%, more preferably more than 45%, most preferably is 50%, and on the other hand, the elastic deformation rate of Electrophtography photosensor side face is preferably below 65%.

If (HU) is excessive for the universal hardness value, or the elastic deformation rate is too small, the elastic force deficiency on Electrophtography photosensor surface then, therefore paper powder that is clipped between Electrophtography photosensor side face and the cleaning balde and the toner side face that can abrade Electrophtography photosensor, thereby produce scratch on the surface of Electrophtography photosensor easily, meanwhile, also be easy to generate wearing and tearing.In addition, if universal hardness value (HU) is excessive, even elastic deformation rate height then, the elastic deformation amount also can diminish, therefore, the result can produce big pressure in the part on Electrophtography photosensor surface, thereby produces darker scar on the surface of Electrophtography photosensor easily.

In addition, though universal hardness value (HU) in above-mentioned scope, if the elastic deformation rate is too small, then amount of plastic deformation relatively becomes big, therefore produces thinner scar on the surface of Electrophtography photosensor easily, in addition, also is easy to generate wearing and tearing.This is in that not only the elastic deformation rate is too small, and remarkable especially under the also too small situation of universal hardness value (HU).

In the present invention, the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate of Electrophtography photosensor side face are under the environment of 25 ℃/50% RH, the value of using small hardness measurement device Off イ シ ヤ-ス コ-プ H100V (manufacturing of Fischer society) to measure.This Off イ シ ヤ-ス コ-プ H100V is such device: pressure head is connected to determination object (side face of Electrophtography photosensor), to the continuous imposed load of this pressure head, directly reads out in the compression distance under the load, thereby try to achieve continuous hardness.

In the present invention, using the diagonal angle is that 136 ° Vickers quadrangular pyramid diamond penetrator is as pressure head, pressure head is pressed to the periphery of Electrophtography photosensor, the load that pressure head applies continuously final (final load) is 6mN, and maintenance is 0.1 second to the time (retention time) that pressure head applies the state of final load 6mN.In addition, measuring point is 273 points.

The overview of the output map of Off イ シ ヤ-ス コ-プ H100V (manufacturing of Fischer society) is shown in Figure 22.In addition, an example of Off イ シ ヤ-ス コ-プ H100V (the Fischer society product) output map when being determination object shown in Figure 23 with Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention.At Figure 22, in 23, the longitudinal axis is represented load F (mN) that pressure head is applied, and transverse axis is represented the pushing degree of depth h (μ m) of pressure head.Figure 22 represents to increase the load that pressure head is applied interimly, reaches in load that maximum (behind the A → B), stage reduces the load (result during B → C) again.Figure 23 represents to increase the load that pressure head is applied interimly, and making final load is 6mN, then, and the result when stage reduces load.

Universal hardness value (HU) can be when pressure head being applied final load 6mN the compression distance of this pressure head try to achieve by following formula.In addition, in following formula, HU is meant universal hardness value (HU), F _fBe meant final load, S _fBe meant the surface area of the pressing part of pressure head when applying final load, h _fBe meant the compression distance of pressure head when applying final load.

$\mathrm{HU}=\frac{F_f\left[N\right]}{S_f\left[{\mathrm{mm}}^2\right]}=\frac{6\×{10}^{-3}}{26.43\×{(h_f\×{10}^{-3})}^2}$

In addition, the elastic deformation rate can promptly be tried to achieve the energy variation that determination object (side face of Electrophtography photosensor) increase and decrease load produces by pressure head by pressure head to determination object (side face of Electrophtography photosensor) work done (energy).Specifically, the elastic deformation rate is the value (We/Wt) that resilience work of deformation We obtains divided by total work Wt.In addition, total work Wt is the area of A-B-D-A institute region among Figure 22, and resilience work of deformation We is the area of C-B-D-C institute region among Figure 22.

In order to improve the anti-wound property and the mar proof of Electrophtography photosensor side face, the superficial layer that preferably makes Electrophtography photosensor is a cured layer, for example, can enumerate and use curable resin (monomer) to form the superficial layer of Electrophtography photosensor, or use and have polymerism functional group the superficial layer of hole transport ability compound (in a part of chemical bonding polymerism functional group of hole transport ability compound molecule) the formation Electrophtography photosensor of (chain polymerization functional group and polymerism functional group etc.) in turn.When use does not have the curable resin of charge delivery capability, also can mix and use the charge transport material.

Especially universal hardness value (HU) and the Electrophtography photosensor of elastic deformation rate in above-mentioned scope in order to obtain side face, by solidifying the superficial layer that hole transport ability compound that polymerization (with crosslinked polymerization) has chain polymerization functional group forms Electrophtography photosensor, it is effective particularly being aggregated in the superficial layer that forms Electrophtography photosensor with the hole transport ability compound that has 2 above chain polymerization functional groups in a part by curing.In addition, have in use under the situation of the hole transport ability compound of polymerism functional group in turn,, be preferably and in a part, have more than 3 the hole transport ability compound of polymerism functional group in turn as this compound.

Below, the hole transport ability compound that use is had a chain polymerization functional group forms the method for the superficial layer of Electrophtography photosensor and carries out more specific description.In addition, use and to have in turn that the situation of the hole transport ability compound of polymerism functional group also is the same.

The superficial layer of Electrophtography photosensor can form in the following way: coating contains the hole transport ability compound with chain polymerization functional group and the superficial layer coating fluid of solvent, make hole transport ability compound solidify polymerization, thereby the superficial layer of coating is solidified to form with coating fluid with chain polymerization functional group.

When the coating surface layer is used coating fluid, can use for example coating processes such as dip coating (dip coated method), spraying process, curtain type rubbing method, spin-coating method.In these coating processes, consider preferred dip coating, spraying process from efficiency and throughput rate aspect.

Have the method for the hole transport ability compound of chain polymerization functional group as solidifying polymerization, can enumerate the method for light such as using heat, visible light, ultraviolet ray and electron ray and gamma-rays isoradial.As required, can also make superficial layer with containing polymerization initiator in the coating fluid.

In addition, have the method for the hole transport ability compound of chain polymerization functional group, preferably use the method for electron ray and gamma-rays isoradial, especially electron ray as solidifying polymerization.This is owing to the polymerization by radioactive ray, does not need polymerization initiator especially.Do not using polymerization initiator, hole transport ability compound with chain polymerization functional group is cured polymerization, thereby can form the superficial layer of very highly purified 3 dimension matrixes, can access the Electrophtography photosensor that demonstrates good electronics photographic property.In addition, very little by the polymerization of electron ray in the radioactive ray polymerization by the damage that irradiation causes to Electrophtography photosensor, can demonstrate the good electron photographic property.

For making the hole transport ability compound with chain polymerization functional group, the irradiation by electron ray solidifies polymerization, and obtain universal hardness value (HU) and the Electrophtography photosensor of elastic deformation rate in above-mentioned scope, consider that the illuminate condition of electron ray is important.

When the irradiation electron ray, can use accelerators such as sweep type, electronics curtain type, broad ray type, impulse type and lamination stratotype to shine.Accelerating potential is preferably below the 250kV, is preferably below the 150kV especially.Exposure dose (is preferred in 0.1～100Mrad) the scope, particularly preferably in 5～200kGy (in 0.5～20Mrad) the scope at 1～1000kGy.If accelerating potential and exposure dose are excessive, the electrical characteristics of Electrophtography photosensor variation sometimes then.If exposure dose is too small, the curing polymerization of hole transport ability compound that then has chain polymerization functional group is insufficient, so superficial layer is insufficient sometimes with the curing of coating fluid.

In addition, in order to promote the curing of superficial layer, when having the hole transport ability compound of chain polymerization functional group, preferably heat irradiated body by the electron ray curing polymerization with coating fluid.The heating time also can the electron ray pre-irradiation, the irradiation in, postradiation any stage, when there was free radical in the hole transport ability compound with chain polymerization functional group, irradiated body preferably was controlled in the temperature of a certain fixed range.Preferably heat, make that the temperature of irradiated body is room temperature～250 ℃ (more preferably 50～150 ℃).If the temperature of heating is too high, then the material of Electrophtography photosensor produces deterioration sometimes.If the temperature of heating is low excessively, then lack the effect that obtains by heating.Preferred general about-tens of minutes several seconds of the time of heating, specifically, preferred 2 seconds～30 minutes.

In the inert gases such as the atmosphere when electron ray when irradiation and irradiated body heating can be in the atmosphere, nitrogen and helium or in the vacuum any, from suppressing since the aspect of the free radical inactivation that oxygen causes consider, preferably in inert gas or in a vacuum.

In addition, consider that from electrofax characteristic aspect the superficial layer film thickness of Electrophtography photosensor is preferably below the 30 μ m, more preferably below the 20 μ m, more preferably below the 10 μ m, most preferably is below the 7 μ m.On the other hand, consider, be preferably more than the 0.5 μ m, more preferably more than the 1 μ m from Electrophtography photosensor permanance aspect.

In addition, chain polymerization represents that the reaction of formation with polymer substance roughly is divided into time the former the polyreaction mode of chain polymerization and continuous polymerization, in detail, be meant that its reactive mode mainly is unsaturated polymerization, ring-opening polymerization or the isomerization polymerization etc. of reacting via intermediates such as free radical or ions.

So-called chain polymerization functional group is meant the functional group that can carry out above-mentioned reactive mode.Below, the unsaturated polymerization functional group that has wide range of applications and the example of ring-opening polymerization functional group are shown.

Unsaturated polymerization is to make unsaturated group by free radical or ion etc., and for example C=C, C ≡ C, C=O, C=N, C ≡ N etc. carry out the reaction of polymerization, wherein mainly are C=C.Below, the object lesson of unsaturated polymerization functional group is shown.

In the following formula, R ¹Expression hydrogen atom, replacement or unsubstituted alkyl, replacement or unsubstituted aryl, replacement or unsubstituted aralkyl etc.Here, as alkyl, can enumerate methyl, ethyl, propyl group etc.As aryl, can enumerate phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl etc.As aralkyl, can enumerate benzyl, phenethyl etc.

Ring-opening polymerization is meant open loop of unstable ring-type structure and the polymerization repeatedly that carbocyclic ring, oxygen ring and azacyclo-etc. is had distortion, generates the high molecular reaction of chain, and its most of reaction is the effect that ion plays the activated centre.Below, the object lesson of ring-opening polymerization functional group is shown.

In the following formula, R ²Expression hydrogen atom, replacement or unsubstituted alkyl, replacement or unsubstituted aryl, replacement or unsubstituted aralkyl etc.Here, as alkyl, can enumerate methyl, ethyl, propyl group etc.As aryl, can enumerate phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl etc.As aralkyl, can enumerate benzyl, phenethyl etc.

In above illustrative chain polymerization functional group, the chain polymerization functional group that preferably has structure shown in following formula (1)～(3).

In the formula (1), E ¹¹Expression hydrogen atom, halogen atom, replacement or unsubstituted alkyl, replacement or unsubstituted aryl, replacement or unsubstituted aralkyl, replacement or unsubstituted alkoxy, cyano group, nitro ,-COOR ¹¹Or-CONR ¹²R ¹³W ¹¹Expression replacement or unsubstituted alkylidene, replacement or unsubstituted arlydene ,-COO-,-O-,-OO-,-S-or CONR ¹⁴-.R ¹¹～R ¹⁴Represent hydrogen atom, halogen atom, replacement or unsubstituted alkyl, replacement or unsubstituted aryl, replacement or unsubstituted aralkyl independently of one another.The X of subscript type represents 0 or 1.Here, as halogen atom, can enumerate fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atoms etc.As alkyl, can enumerate methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl etc.As aryl, can enumerate phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, pyrenyl, sulfur phenenyl, furyl etc.As aralkyl, can enumerate benzyl, phenethyl, menaphthyl, furfuryl group, thienyl etc.As alkoxy, can enumerate methoxyl, ethoxy, propoxyl group etc.As alkylidene, can enumerate methylene, ethylidene, butylidene etc.As arlydene, can enumerate phenylene, naphthylene, anthrylene etc.

The substituting group that can have as above-mentioned each group, can enumerate halogen atoms such as fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atoms, iodine atom, alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, aryl such as phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, pyrenyl, aralkyl such as benzyl, phenethyl, menaphthyl, furfuryl group, thienyl, alkoxys such as methoxyl, ethoxy, propoxyl group, aryloxy group such as phenoxy group, naphthoxy, nitro, cyano group, hydroxyl etc.

In the formula (2), R ²¹, R ²²Represent hydrogen atom, replacement or unsubstituted alkyl, replacement or unsubstituted aryl, replacement or unsubstituted aralkyl independently of one another.The Y of subscript type represents 1～10 integer.Here, as alkyl, can enumerate methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl etc.As aryl, can enumerate phenyl, naphthyl etc.As aralkyl, can enumerate benzyl, phenethyl etc.

The substituting group that can have as above-mentioned each group, can enumerate halogen atoms such as fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atoms, iodine atom, alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, aryl such as phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, pyrenyl, aralkyl such as benzyl, phenethyl, menaphthyl, furfuryl group, thienyl, alkoxys such as methoxyl, ethoxy, propoxyl group, aryloxy group such as phenoxy group, naphthoxy etc.

In the formula (3), R ³¹, R ³²Represent hydrogen atom, replacement or unsubstituted alkyl, replacement or unsubstituted aryl, replacement or unsubstituted aralkyl independently of one another.The Z of subscript type represents 1～10 integer.Here, as alkyl, can enumerate methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl etc.As aryl, can enumerate phenyl, naphthyl etc.As aralkyl, can enumerate benzyl, phenethyl etc.

The substituting group that can have as above-mentioned each group, can enumerate halogen atoms such as fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atoms, iodine atom, alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, aryl such as phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, pyrenyl, aralkyl such as benzyl, phenethyl, menaphthyl, furfuryl group, thienyl, alkoxys such as methoxyl, ethoxy, propoxyl group, aryloxy group such as phenoxy group, naphthoxy etc.

In chain polymerization functional group, more preferably has the chain polymerization functional group of structure shown in the following formula (P-1)～(P-11) with structure shown in following formula (1)～(3).

In chain polymerization functional group with structure shown in the following formula (P-1)～(P-11), the chain polymerization functional group that further preferably has structure shown in the following formula (P-1), it is acryloxy, chain polymerization functional group with structure shown in the following formula (P-2), i.e. the chain polymerization functional group of methacryloxy.

In the present invention, in the hole transport ability compound with above-mentioned chain polymerization functional group, preferred (in a part) has the hole transport ability compound of 2 above chain polymerization functional groups.Below, the object lesson of the hole transport ability compound with 2 above chain polymerization functional groups is shown.

(P ⁴¹) _a-A ⁴¹-[R ⁴¹—(P ⁴²) _d] _b (4)

P in the following formula (4) ⁴¹, P ⁴²Represent chain polymerization functional group independently of one another.R ⁴¹The group of expression divalent.A ⁴¹Expression hole transport ability group.Subscript type a, b, d represent the integer more than 0 independently of one another.Wherein, a+b * d is more than 2.In addition, under a is situation more than 2, a P ⁴¹Can be identical or inequality, under b is situation more than 2, b [R ⁴¹-(P ⁴²) _d] can be identical or inequality, under d is situation more than 2, d P ⁴²Can be identical or inequality.

If (the P in the illustration following formula (4) ⁴¹) _a[R ⁴¹-(P ⁴²) _d] _bThe example that is replaced by hydrogen atom fully, then can Lie Ju oxazole derivant, oxadiazole derivant, imdazole derivatives, styrene derivative, hydazone derivative, triarylamine derivant (triphenylamine etc.), 9-(to the diethylamino styryl) anthracene, 1, two (the 4-dibenzyl amino phenyl) propane of 1-, styryl anthracene, styryl pyrazoline, phenylpyrrazolin class, thiazole, triazole derivative, azophenlyene derivant, acridine derivatives, benzofuran derivatives, benzimidizole derivatives, thiophene derivant, N-phenyl carbazole derivant etc.At these materials ((P in the following formula (4) ⁴¹) _a[R ⁴¹-(P ⁴²) _d] _bThe material that is replaced by hydrogen atom fully) in, the material that preferably has structure shown in the following formula (5).

In following formula (5), R ⁵¹Expression replacement or unsubstituted alkyl, replacement or unsubstituted aryl or replacement or unsubstituted aralkyl etc.Ar ⁵¹, Ar ⁵²Expression independently of one another replaces or unsubstituted aryl.R ⁵¹, Ar ⁵¹, Ar ⁵²Can with N (nitrogen-atoms) Direct Bonding, also can pass through alkylidene (methyl, ethyl, propyl group etc.), heteroatoms (oxygen atom, sulphur atom etc.) or-CH=CH-and N (nitrogen-atoms) bonding.Here, as alkyl, preferred carbon number is 1～10 alkyl, can enumerate methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl etc.As aryl, can enumerate phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, phenanthryl, pyrenyl, sulfur phenenyl, furyl, pyridine radicals, quinolyl, benzoquinoline base, carbazyl, phenothiazinyl, benzofuranyl, benzimidazole thiophanate phenyl, dibenzofuran group, dibenzo sulfur phenenyl etc.As aralkyl, can enumerate benzyl, phenethyl, menaphthyl, furfuryl group, thienyl etc.In addition, the R in the following formula (5) ⁵¹The aryl of preferred replacement or non-replacement.

The substituting group that can have as above-mentioned each group, can enumerate fluorine atom, the chlorine atom, bromine atoms, halogen atoms such as iodine atom, methyl, ethyl, propyl group, alkyl such as butyl, phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, aryl such as pyrenyl, benzyl, phenethyl, menaphthyl, furfuryl group, aralkyl such as thienyl, methoxyl, ethoxy, alkoxys such as propoxyl group, phenoxy group, aryloxy group such as naphthoxy, dimethylamino, diethylamino, dibenzyl amino, diphenyl amino, the amino that two (p-methylphenyl) amino etc. replace, styryl, aryl vinyls such as naphthyl vinyl, nitro, cyano group, hydroxyl etc.

As the R in the following formula (4) ⁴¹The divalent group, can enumerate replace or the arlydene of alkylidene, replacement or the non-replacement of non-replacement ,-CR ⁴¹¹=CR ⁴¹²-(R ⁴¹¹, R ⁴¹²Represent the alkyl of hydrogen atom, replacement or non-replacement or the aryl of replacement or non-replacement independently of one another.) ,-CO-,-SO-,-SO ₂-, oxygen atom or sulphur atom etc., and the combination of these groups.In these groups, preferably has the divalent group of the structure shown in the following formula (6), further the more preferably divalent group of the structure shown in the following formula (7).

—(X ⁶¹) _p6-(Ar ⁶¹) _q6-(X ⁶²) _r6-(Ar ⁶²) _s6-(X ⁶³) _t6- (6)

—(X ⁷¹) _p7-(Ar ⁷¹) _q7-(X ⁷²) _r7- (7)

In following formula (6), X ⁶¹～X ⁶³The alkylidene of expression replacement independently of one another or non-replacement ,-(CR ⁶¹=CR ⁶²) _N6-(R ⁶¹, R ⁶²Represent the alkyl of hydrogen atom, replacement or non-replacement or the aryl of replacement or non-replacement independently of one another.Subscript type n6 represents the integer (being preferably below 5) more than 1.) ,-CO-,-SO-,-SO ₂-, oxygen atom or sulphur atom.Ar ⁶¹, Ar ⁶²Represent arlydene independently of one another.Subscript type p6, q6, r6, s6, t6 represent that independently of one another the integer more than 0 (is preferably below 10, more preferably below 5.)。Wherein, p6, q6, r6, s6, t6 all are not 0.Here, as alkylidene, preferred carbon number is 1～20, and special preferably carbon number is 1～10 alkylidene, can enumerate methylene, ethylidene, propylidene etc.As arlydene, can enumerate the divalent group that from benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, benzimidazole thiophanate benzene, pyridine, quinoline, benzoquinoline, carbazole, phenothiazine, coumarone, benzimidazole thiophanate benzene, dibenzofurans, dibenzo sulphur benzene etc., removes 2 hydrogen atoms.As alkyl, can enumerate methyl, ethyl, propyl group etc.As aryl, can enumerate phenyl, naphthyl, sulfur phenenyl etc.

The substituting group that can have as above-mentioned each group, can enumerate fluorine atom, the chlorine atom, bromine atoms, halogen atoms such as iodine atom, methyl, ethyl, propyl group, alkyl such as butyl, phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, aryl such as pyrenyl, benzyl, phenethyl, menaphthyl, furfuryl group, aralkyl such as thienyl, methoxyl, ethoxy, alkoxys such as propoxyl group, phenoxy group, aryloxy group such as naphthoxy, dimethylamino, diethylamino, dibenzyl amino, diphenyl amino, the amino that two (p-methylphenyl) amino etc. replace, styryl, aryl vinyls such as naphthyl vinyl, nitro, cyano group, hydroxyl etc.

In following formula (7), X ⁷¹, X ⁷²The alkylidene of expression replacement independently of one another or non-replacement ,-(CR ⁷¹=CR ⁷²) _N7-(R ⁷¹, R ⁷²Represent the alkyl of hydrogen atom, replacement or non-replacement or the aryl of replacement or non-replacement independently of one another.Subscript type n7 represents the integer (being preferably below 5) more than 1.) ,-CO-,-SO-,-SO ₂-or oxygen atom.Ar ⁷¹The arlydene of expression replacement or non-replacement.Subscript type p7, q7, r7 represent that independently of one another the integer more than 0 (is preferably below 10, more preferably below 5.)。Wherein, p7, q7, r7 all are not 0.Here, as alkylidene, preferred carbon number is 1～20, special preferably carbon number is 1～10 alkylidene, can enumerate methylene, ethylidene, propylidene etc., as arlydene, can enumerate the divalent group that from benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, benzimidazole thiophanate benzene, pyridine, quinoline, benzoquinoline, carbazole, phenothiazine, coumarone, benzimidazole thiophanate benzene, dibenzofurans, dibenzo sulphur benzene etc., removes 2 hydrogen atoms.As alkyl, can enumerate methyl, ethyl, propyl group etc.As aryl, can enumerate phenyl, naphthyl, sulfur phenenyl etc.

The substituting group that can have as above-mentioned each group, can enumerate fluorine atom, the chlorine atom, bromine atoms, halogen atoms such as iodine atom, methyl, ethyl, propyl group, alkyl such as butyl, phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, aryl such as pyrenyl, benzyl, phenethyl, menaphthyl, furfuryl group, aralkyl such as thienyl, methoxyl, ethoxy, alkoxys such as propoxyl group, phenoxy group, aryloxy group such as naphthoxy, dimethylamino, diethylamino, dibenzyl amino, diphenyl amino, the amino that two (p-methylphenyl) amino etc. replace, styryl, aryl vinyls such as naphthyl vinyl, nitro, cyano group, hydroxyl etc.

Below, enumerate the example (compound example) that is fit to of hole transport ability compound with 2 above chain polymerization functional groups.

Below, to Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention, comprise that the layer except superficial layer is elaborated.

As mentioned above, Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention for have supporting mass (cylinder or columned supporting mass) and be located at organic photosensitive layer on this supporting mass (this cylinder or columned supporting mass) (below, also abbreviate " photographic layer " as.) cylindric Electrophtography photosensor.

Photographic layer can be the single-layer type photographic layer that contains charge transport material and charge generation material in one deck, it also can be laminated-type (function divergence type) photographic layer that is separated into the charge generation layer that contains the charge generation material and contains the charge transport layer of charge transport material, but consider preferred laminated-type photographic layer from the aspect of electrofax characteristic.In addition, in the laminated-type photographic layer, existence is from the suitable stratotype photographic layer on supporting side lamination charge transport layer, charge generation layer successively with from the contrary stratotype photographic layer of supporting mass layer lamination charge transport layer, charge generation layer successively, consider from the aspect of electrofax characteristic, preferably along the stratotype photographic layer.In addition, also charge generation layer is become laminar structure, and the lamination charge transport layer can be become laminar structure.

Layer example of structure at Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention shown in Figure 24 A-24I.

The Electrophtography photosensor of the structure of layer shown in Figure 24 A sets gradually layer (charge generation layer) 441 that contains the charge generation material, layer (the 1st charge transport layer) 442 that contains the charge transport material on supporting mass 41, be provided with thereon by making layer (the 2nd charge transport layer) 45 that hole transport ability compound polymerization with chain polymerization functional group forms as superficial layer again.

In addition, the Electrophtography photosensor of the structure of layer shown in Figure 24 B, the layer 44 contain charge generation material and charge transport material is set on supporting mass 41, is provided with thereon again by making layer (the 2nd charge transport layer) 45 that hole transport ability compound polymerization with chain polymerization functional group forms as superficial layer.

In addition, the Electrophtography photosensor of the structure of layer shown in Figure 24 C, layer (charge generation layer) 441 contain the charge generation material is set on supporting mass 41, directly is provided with thereon again by making layer (the 2nd charge transport layer) 45 that hole transport ability compound polymerization with chain polymerization functional group forms as superficial layer.

In addition, shown in Figure 24 D-24I, supporting mass 41 and the layer (charge generation layer) 441 or the supporting mass 41 that contain the charge generation material with contain the charge generation material and the layer 44 of charge transport material between, middle layer (being also referred to as " undercoat ") 43 with barrier functionality and adhesive function and the conductive layer 42 that is used to prevent interference fringe etc. etc. can also be set.

In addition, also can be arbitrarily the layer structure (for example, also can not the layer that has the hole Introduced cases compound formation of chain polymerization functional group by polymerization), will be by making under the situation of layer that hole Introduced cases compound polymerization with chain polymerization functional group forms as the Electrophtography photosensor superficial layer, in the layer structure shown in Figure 24 A-Figure 24 I, the layer structure shown in preferred Figure 24 A, 24D, the 24G.

As supporting mass, get final product so long as demonstrate the material (electric conductivity supporting mass) of electric conductivity, can use for example supporting mass of metallic (alloy system) such as iron, copper, gold, silver, aluminium, zinc, titanium, lead, nickel, tin, antimony, indium, chromium, aluminium alloy, stainless steel.In addition, can also use above-mentioned metallic supporting mass and the plastics system supporting mass that has by the layer of formation overlay films such as vacuum evaporated aluminium, aluminium alloy, indium oxide-tin oxide alloy.In addition, also can use and electroconductive particles such as carbon black, tin oxide particle, Titanium particles, silver particles are infiltrated in plastics and paper with suitable binder resin and the supporting mass that obtains and have plastics system supporting mass of electric conductivity binder resin etc.

In addition, in order to prevent because the interference fringes that scattering such as laser causes etc. can also apply cutting processing, roughened, alumite processing etc. to the surface of supporting mass.

As mentioned above, between supporting mass and photographic layer (charge generation layer, charge transport layer) or supporting mass and middle layer described later, can also be provided for preventing because the conductive layer of the interference fringe that scatterings such as laser cause, covering supporting mass scar.

Conductive layer can use carbon black, conductive pigment and resistance adjustment pigment to disperse in binder resin and/or dissolve the conductive layer coating fluid that forms.In the conductive layer coating fluid, can also add by heating or irradiation radioactive ray and solidify polymeric compounds.Make the conductive layer of conductive pigment and resistance adjustment pigment dispersing, the tendency that exists its surface to be roughened.

The film thickness of conductive layer is preferably 0.2～40 μ m, 1～35 μ m more preferably, further 5～30 μ m more preferably.

As the binder resin that is used for conductive layer, can enumerate for example polymer/copolymer of vinyl compounds such as styrene, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, acrylate, methacrylate, difluoroethylene, trifluoro-ethylene, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl acetal, polycarbonate, polyester, polysulfones, polyphenylene oxide, polyurethane, celluosic resin, phenolic resin, melmac, silicones and epoxy resin etc.

As conductive pigment and resistance adjustment pigment, can enumerate for example particle of metals (alloy) such as aluminium, zinc, copper, chromium, nickel, silver, stainless steel, or with these particle evaporations to the surface of plastic pellet and material etc.In addition, the metal oxide particles such as tin oxide of the indium oxide of zinc paste, titanium dioxide, tin oxide, antimony oxide, indium oxide, bismuth oxide, doped tin, antimony dopant or tantalum.These pigment may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.Under situation about will be used in combination more than 2 kinds, can only mix, also can make the form of solid solution or fusing.

In addition, as mentioned above, between supporting mass or conductive layer and photographic layer (charge generation layer, charge transport layer), the middle layer with barrier functionality and adhesive function can be set.The middle layer be for improve with the cohesive of photographic layer, improve coating, improve electric charge injection from supporting mass, protection forms the electrodisintegration of photographic layer etc.

As the material in middle layer, for example can enumerate polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), poly-N-vinyl imidazoles, polyethylene oxide, ethyl cellulose, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, casein, polyamide, N-methoxyization 6 nylon, copolymer nylon, glue and gelatin etc.The middle layer can be by coating by the middle layer coating fluid that these material dissolves are obtained in solvent, and makes its dry and formation.

The film thickness in middle layer is preferably 0.05～7 μ m, further 0.1～2 μ m more preferably.

As the charge generation material that uses in the Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention, can enumerate selenium-tellurium, pyrans, thiapyran class dyestuff, phthalocyanine color with various central metals and various crystallographic system (α, β, γ, ε, X type etc.), anthrone buttress anthrone pigment, the dibenzo pyrene quinone pigments, pyranthrone pigments, AZO pigments such as monoazo, two azos, trisazo-, indigo pigment, quinacridone pigment, asymmetric キ ノ シ ア ニ Application (quinocyanine) pigment, キ ノ シ ア ニ Application (quinocyanine) pigment, amorphous silicon etc.These charge generation materials can only use a kind, also can use more than 2 kinds.

As the charge transport material that uses in the Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention, except above-mentioned hole transport ability compound with chain polymerization functional group, for example can also enumerate, pyrene compound, N-alkyl carbazole compound, hydrazone compound, N, N-dialkyl benzene amines, diphenylamine compound, triphenylamine compound, triphenyl methane compound, pyrazoline compounds, distyryl compound, stilbene compounds etc.

Be divided into photographic layer under the situation of charge generation layer and charge transport layer by function, charge generation layer can be by following formation: with binder resin and the solvent of charge generation material with 0.3～4 times of amount (mass ratio), this material that mixes is disperseed with methods such as using pressure-even pulp crusher, ultrasonic dispersing, bowl mill, vibromill, puddle mixer, vertical ball mill or roll mill and obtains the charge generation layer coating fluid, be coated with this coating fluid, and make its drying, thereby form charge generation layer.In addition, charge generation layer can also be a charge generation material vapor-deposited film.

As the binder resin that uses in the charge generation layer, for example can enumerate, the polymkeric substance and the multipolymer of vinyl compounds such as styrene, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, acrylate, methacrylate, difluoroethylene, trifluoro-ethylene, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl acetal, polycarbonate, polyester, polysulfones, polyphenylene oxide, polyurethane, celluosic resin, phenolic resin, melmac, silicones and epoxy resin etc.

The film thickness of charge generation layer is preferably below the 5 μ m, further 0.1～2 μ m more preferably.

Be divided into photographic layer under the situation of charge generation layer and charge transport layer by function, charge transport layer, especially whether the charge transport layer of Electrophtography photosensor superficial layer can be according to following formation: charge transport material and binder resin are dissolved in the solvent and obtain the charge transport layer coating fluid, be coated with this coating fluid, thereby and make its drying form charge transport layer.In addition, the material that has independent film forming in the above-mentioned charge transport material can not use binder resin and independent film forming, forms charge transport layer.

As the formation method of each layer of Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention, can enumerate for example coating processes such as dip coating (dip coated method), spraying process, curtain type rubbing method, spin-coating method, consider preferred dip coating, spraying process from efficiency and throughput rate aspect.In addition, also can select film-forming method except that evaporation, plasma.

Can in each layer of Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention, add various adjuvants.As adjuvant, can enumerate the lubricants such as resin particle of anti-deterioration agents such as antioxidant and ultraviolet light absorber, contain fluorine atoms etc.

The example that the electro-photography apparatus schematic configuration of the handle box with Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention is housed shown in Figure 18.

In Figure 18, the 1st, Electrophtography photosensor cylindraceous is driven and is the center along direction of arrow peripheral speed rotation according to the rules with axle 2.

The side face of the Electrophtography photosensor 1 that is driven in rotation is by charged elements (charged elements: charged roller etc.) 3, the regulation current potential that is evenly had plus or minus, then, accept from the exposure light (image exposure light) 4 of exposing units (not shown) such as slit exposure and laser beam flying exposure output.So, on the side face of Electrophtography photosensor 1, form the electrostatic latent image corresponding successively with target image.In addition, charged elements 3 is not limited to the contact electrification unit of use charged roller as shown in figure 18 etc., can also be to use the corona charging unit of corona charging device, or the charged elements of alternate manner.

The electrostatic latent image that is formed on the side face of Electrophtography photosensor 1 is the toner picture that is developed by the toner that developer contained of developing cell 5.Then, form and be carried on toner picture on the side face of Electrophtography photosensor 1 by transfer bias from transfer printing unit (transfer roll etc.) 6, transfer printing is on transfer materials (paper etc.) P successively for quilt, and transfer materials (paper etc.) P is that (abutment portion) synchronously taken out and supplied with from transfer materials feeding unit (not shown) with the rotation of Electrophtography photosensor 1 between Electrophtography photosensor 1 and transfer printing unit 6.

Separate from the side face of Electrophtography photosensor 1 as the transfer materials P of transfer printing accepting toner, import fixation unit 8, carry out image fixing, thereby form thing (print, duplicate) printout outside device as image.

The side face of the Electrophtography photosensor 1 of toner after as transfer printing is removed the residual developer of transfer printing (toner) by cleaning unit (cleaning balde etc.) 7, the surface is cleaned, after removing electric treatment, be used for image repeatedly and form again by prior exposure light from prior exposure unit (not shown).In addition, as shown in figure 18, charged elements 3 is when using the contact electrification unit of charged roller etc., and prior exposure is not essential.

In inscapes such as above-mentioned Electrophtography photosensor 1, charged elements 3, developing cell 5, transfer printing unit 6 and cleaning unit 7, can accommodate a plurality of unit in container and in conjunction with constituting one, this handle box can be constituted with respect to electro-photography apparatus subject freedoms such as duplicating machine and laser printers and load and unload as handle box.In Figure 18, by supporting Electrophtography photosensor 1, charged elements 3, developing cell 5 and cleaning unit 7 for one forms box, can be thereby form the guiding devices such as guide rail 10 that use the electro-photography apparatus main body with respect to the handle box 9 of electro-photography apparatus subject freedom loading and unloading.

In addition, under the situation that cleaning unit use cleaning balde cleans the residual toner of the side face transfer printing of Electrophtography photosensor, consider from the spatter property aspect, cleaning balde to the butt pressure (line pressure) of Electrophtography photosensor side face preferably in the scope of 10～45g/cm, in addition, the butt angle of cleaning balde is preferably 20～30 ° scope.

Embodiment

Below, the present invention will be described in more detail by enumerating specific embodiment.In addition, " part " among the embodiment is meant " mass parts ".

(embodiment 1-1)

With diameter is that 30mm, length are that the aluminium cylinder of 357.5mm is as supporting mass (cylinder or columned supporting mass).

Then, on supporting mass dip coated by 10 parts of SnO ₂The barium sulphate of coating processing (conductive pigment), 2 parts of titanium dioxide (resistance adjustment pigment), 6 parts of phenolic resins (binder resin), 0.001 part of polysiloxane oil (leveling agent), 3 parts of methyl alcohol and 12 parts of conductive layer coating fluids that methoxypropanol constitutes, make it 140 ℃ of curing (heat curing) 30 minutes, forming film thickness is the conductive layer of 18 μ m.

Then, 3 parts of N-methoxy nylon of dissolving and 3 parts of copolymer nylons in the mixed solvent of 65 parts of methyl alcohol/30 part normal butyl alcohols, thereby preparation middle layer coating fluid.

By with this middle layer with coating fluid dip coated to conductive layer, and under 100 ℃, make it dry 10 minutes, forming film thickness is the middle layer of 0.7 μ m.

Then, hydroxyl phthalocyanine gallium, 2 parts of polyvinyl butyral resins (trade name: エ ス レ Star Network BX-1, ponding chemical industry (strain) produce) and 80 parts of cyclohexanone of strong peak value will be had on 7.4 ° and 28.2 ° of 4 parts of Bragg angles at CuK α characteristic X-ray diffraction (2 θ ± 0.2 °), using diameter to disperse 4 hours in as the puddle mixer of the beaded glass of 1mm, by to wherein adding 80 parts of ethyl acetate, prepare the charge generation layer coating fluid.

By this charge generation layer coating fluid of dip coated on the middle layer, and make it dry 10 minutes under 100 ℃, forming film thickness is the charge generation layer of 0.2 μ m.

Then, 60 parts of hole transport ability compounds of dissolving in the mixed solvent of 30 parts of chlorobenzene/30 part methylene chloride, preparation charge transport layer coating fluid with structure shown in the following formula (11).

This charge transport layer coating fluid of dip-coating on charge generation layer.

Then, in nitrogen atmosphere (oxygen concentration 80ppm), be that 150kV, exposure dose are 5Mrad (5 * 10 with the accelerating potential ⁴Gy) condition to be coated on charge transport layer on the charge generation layer with coating fluid irradiation electron ray after, be heat treated 3 minutes under 150 ℃ the condition then in the temperature of irradiated body (Electrophtography photosensor).Further, in atmosphere, under 140 ℃, irradiated body is carried out 1 hour heat treated (aftertreatment), forming film thickness is the charge transport layer of 13 μ m.

Then, 75 μ m), grain size number 5 μ m), base material use the abrasive sheet AX-3000 that Fuji Photo film (strain) makes (to grind abrasive particle: aluminium oxide particles (mean grain size:: polyurethane film (thickness:: 3000), the handover speed of abrasive sheet is 150mm/min, handled object (in the present embodiment, for on supporting mass, forming the parts that conductive layer, middle layer, charge generation layer and charge transport layer form) rotating speed be 15rpm, abrasive sheet is 7.5N/m to the pushing pressure of handled object ², the sense of rotation that makes the transfer direction of abrasive sheet and handled object be equidirectional (below be also referred to as " (in the same way) in the same way ".In addition, contrary direction is also referred to as " oppositely "), use external diameter to be 40cm, A Si card C hardness is 40 backing roll, the side face of grinding handled object 450 seconds along the circumferential direction forms groove at the side face (being the surface of charge transport layer in the present embodiment) of handled object.

Thus, preparation have cylinder or columned supporting mass and be arranged on Organophotoreceptor (charge generation layer and charge transport layer) on this cylinder or the columned supporting mass, roughly circumferencial direction forms the Electrophtography photosensor of a plurality of grooves (direction of groove is roughly shown in Fig. 5 A in the side face upper edge.)。

Observe and measure the side face shape of the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation, groove density is 300, and well width is 4.8 μ m to the maximum.Rz is 0.51 μ m, and Rmax is 0.60 μ m.In addition, Σ Wn is 510 μ m, and the average angle of groove is 0 ° with respect to circumferencial direction.

Under the environment of 22 ℃/55% RH, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is installed among the duplicating machine GP40 that Canon's (strain) makes estimates, potential property to Electrophtography photosensor, by taking out developing cell, replace potential measurement is measured in the position of developing cell with probe stationary from the duplicating machine main body.In addition, at this moment, transfer printing unit and Electrophtography photosensor are noncontacts, and do not have paper (the non-paper of crossing).

Measure initial electrofax characteristic (dark space current potential Vd, optical attenuation sensitivity (optical attenuation sensitivity) (dark space current potential-be set at the 650V-light decay to be kept to the necessary light quantity of 150V), residual electric potential Vsl (current potential during light quantity that irradiates light decay sensitivity light quantity is 3 times)), then, carry out 100000 paper long duration test excessively, confirm to have or not the generation defective in the output image.In addition, the cutting output of Electrophtography photosensor side face after the long duration test of mistake paper is measured as the actual cut amount.In addition, the eddy current type film thickness meter that the actual cut amount uses カ-Le Off イ Star シ ヤ-society to make is calculated the difference of superficial layer film thickness with the film thickness of crossing paper long duration test rear surface layer of initial (before crossing the paper long duration test).In addition, crossing the paper long duration test carries out with regard to the intermittent mode that stops 1 time with 1 of every printing.In addition, as described below, observe Electrophtography photosensor and cleaning balde.

Observed the dark scar of the side face of the Electrophtography photosensor after the paper long duration test

A: do not have dark scar

B: a plurality of shallow scar that can not appear on the image is arranged

C: a plurality of dark slightly scars that can not appear on the image are arranged

D: occur the dark scar on image

Observed the toner fusing of the Electrophtography photosensor side face after the paper long duration test

A: not fusing

B: a plurality of fusings that can not appear on the image are arranged

C: the fusing more than 10 that can not appear on the image is arranged

D: the fusing that is presented on the image is arranged

Observed that the toner inner face of cleaning balde air surface adheres to after the paper long duration test (toner overflow and on the air surface attached to cleaning balde)

A: do not have the toner inner face to adhere to

B: the direction that is pressed at scraper plate has part to be adhered to by a spot of toner inner face

C: the direction that is pressed at scraper plate is all adhered to by the toner inner face

D: exist a large amount of toner inner faces to adhere to

In addition, measured 10 the centre plane roughness (Rz) and the largest face roughness (Rmax) of Electrophtography photosensor side face after the paper long duration test.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, preparation is used to estimate the Electrophtography photosensor (ulking thickness is measured and used Electrophtography photosensor) of the ulking thickness of the cutting powder of piling up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate, measure this ulking thickness.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the Electrophtography photosensor of formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate (We%) usefulness is measured surperficial universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate (We%) of roughening operation front and back (before and after grinding) superficial layer (being charge transport layer in the present embodiment).

Measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-2)

In embodiment 1-1, except will shine the charge transport layer that is coated on the charge generation layer with the exposure dose of the electron ray of coating fluid by 5Mrad (5 * 10 ⁴Gy) change into 1.5Mrad (1.5 * 10 ⁴Gy), all the other and embodiment 1-1 prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

Compare with embodiment 1-1, initial electrofax characteristic has some improvement, and endurance quality has certain reduction.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the Electrophtography photosensor that formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are used is determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-3)

Similarly to Example 1, on supporting mass, form conductive layer, middle layer and charge generation layer.

Then, by 7 parts of distyryl compound and 10 parts of polycarbonate resin (trade name: ユ-ピ ロ Application Z800 of dissolving in the mixed solvent of 105 parts of chlorobenzene/35 part methylene chloride with structure shown in the following formula (12), the エ of Mitsubishi Application ジ ニ ア リ Application グ プ ラ ス チ Star Network ス (strain) makes), thus prepare the first charge transport layer coating fluid.

This first charge transport layer coating fluid of dip-coating on charge generation layer, drying is 60 minutes under 120 ℃, and forming film thickness is first charge transport layer of 10 μ m.

Then, 45 parts of hole transport ability compounds with structure shown in the following formula (13) of dissolving prepare the second charge transport layer coating fluid in 55 parts of n-propanols.

This second charge transport layer coating fluid of dip-coating on first charge transport layer.

Then, in nitrogen atmosphere (oxygen concentration 80ppm), second charge transport layer that is coated with on first charge transport layer with coating fluid on, be that 150kV, exposure dose are 1.5Mrad (1.5 * 10 with the accelerating potential ⁴Gy) behind the condition irradiation electron ray, be heat treated 3 minutes under 150 ℃ the condition then in the temperature of irradiated body (Electrophtography photosensor).In addition, in atmosphere, under 140 ℃, irradiated body is carried out 1 hour heat treated (aftertreatment), forming film thickness is second charge transport layer of 5 μ m.

Then, use the abrasive sheet C-2000 that Fuji Photo film (strain) produces (grind abrasive particle: the Si-C particle (9 μ m), base material mean grain size:: polyester film (thickness: 75 μ m),, the handover speed of abrasive sheet is 200mm/min, handled object (in the present embodiment, for on supporting mass, forming the handled object of conductive layer, middle layer, charge generation layer, first charge transport layer and second charge transport layer) rotating speed be 25rpm, abrasive sheet is 3N/m to the squeeze pressure of handled object ², the transfer direction of abrasive sheet is " oppositely ", uses external diameter to be 40cm, A Si card C hardness is 40 backing roll, grinds the side face 150 seconds of handled object, along the circumferential direction forms groove at the side face of handled object.

Thus, preparation has cylinder or columned supporting mass and is arranged on Organophotoreceptor layer on this cylinder or the columned supporting mass, and (direction of groove is roughly shown in Fig. 5 A to form the Electrophtography photosensor of a plurality of grooves in the direction of the general circumference in side face upper edge.)。

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-4)

In embodiment 1-3, except second charge transport layer is changed into the hole transport ability compound of the structure shown in (14) that has following formula with the hole transport ability compound shown in the following formula (13) that has that uses in the coating fluid, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-3.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-5)

In embodiment 1-3, except second charge transport layer is changed into the hole transport ability compound of the structure shown in (15) that has following formula with the hole transport ability compound shown in the following formula (13) that has that uses in the coating fluid, second charge transport layer is changed into beyond the cyclohexane with the n-propanol that uses in the coating fluid, prepared Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-3.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-6)

In embodiment 1-3, except second charge transport layer is changed into the hole transport ability compound of the structure shown in (16) that has following formula with the hole transport ability compound shown in the following formula (13) that has that uses in the coating fluid, second charge transport layer is changed into beyond the cyclohexane with the n-propanol that uses in the coating fluid, prepared Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-3.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-7)

Same with embodiment 1-3, on supporting mass, form conductive layer, middle layer and charge generation layer.In addition, on charge generation layer, form with the same layer of first charge transport layer of embodiment 1-3 as charge transport layer.

Then; pass through 3 with 50 parts; 3; 3-trifluoro propyl trimethoxy silane (trade name: LS1090, SHIN-ETSU HANTOTAI's chemistry (strain) are made) carries out the antimony-doped tin oxide particulate of surface treatment (treatment capacity 7%), 30 parts of acrylic monomerss that do not have the cavity conveying ability with structure shown in the following formula (17) and 150 parts of ethanol to be disperseed 70 hours by puddle mixer, prepared protective layer used coating fluid.

This protective layer used coating fluid of dip-coating on charge transport layer.

Then, in nitrogen atmosphere (oxygen concentration 80ppm), on the protective layer used coating fluid that is coated with on the charge transport layer, be that 150kV, exposure dose are 1.5Mrad (1.5 * 10 with the accelerating potential ⁴Gy) behind the condition irradiation electron ray, be heat treated 3 minutes under 150 ℃ the condition then in the temperature of irradiated body (Electrophtography photosensor).In addition, in atmosphere, under 140 ℃, irradiated body is carried out 1 hour heat treated (aftertreatment), forming film thickness is the protective seam of 4 μ m.

Then; same with embodiment 1-3; grind handled object (in the present embodiment on supporting mass, forming the material of conductive layer, middle layer, charge generation layer, charge transport layer and protective seam) side face (being the surface of protective seam in the present embodiment), on the side face of handled object, along the circumferential direction form groove.

Thus, preparation has cylinder or columned supporting mass and the Organophotoreceptor layer that is arranged on this cylinder or the columned supporting mass, forms the Electrophtography photosensor of a plurality of grooves at the general circumferencial direction in side face upper edge.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being protective seam in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-8)

In embodiment 1-3,, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-3 except second charge transport layer disperses 5 parts of polytetrafluoroethylparticle particles with further interpolation in the coating fluid.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-9)

In embodiment 1～8,, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-8 except the use amount of polytetrafluoroethylparticle particle is changed into 20 parts by 5 parts.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-10)

In embodiment 1～8,, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-8 except the use amount of polytetrafluoroethylparticle particle is changed into 30 parts by 5 parts.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-11)

In embodiment 1～8,, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-8 except the use amount of polytetrafluoroethylparticle particle is changed into 45 parts by 5 parts.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-12)

In embodiment 1-3,, use metal halide light irradiation 500mW/cm except further adding 5 parts of Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiaters in coating fluid with structure shown in the following formula (18) at second charge transport layer ²The light of intensity replaces the irradiation electron ray, and second charge transport layer that will be coated with on first charge transport layer solidifies (photocuring) in addition with coating fluid, prepares Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-3.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-13)

In embodiment 1-3, the oxybenzene compound that contains methylol except the cavity conveying that second charge transport layer is changed into the structure shown in (19) that has following formula with the hole transport ability compound with structure shown in the following formula (13) that uses in the coating fluid, in addition, the heating of carrying out 145 ℃ replaced the irradiation electron ray in 1 hour, second charge transport layer that will be coated with on first charge transport layer solidifies (heat curing) in addition with coating fluid, prepares Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-3.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-14)

Same with embodiment 1-3, on supporting mass, form conductive layer, middle layer, charge generation layer and first charge transport layer.

Then, in 10 parts of 2-propyl alcohol, add 10 parts of hole transport ability compounds with structure shown in the following formula (20), in addition, interpolation is the thermohardening type polyorganosiloxane resin (trade name: ト ス ガ-De 510, Toshiba's シ リ コ Application (strain) are made) of major component with the hydrolytie polycondensation thing of trialkoxy silane and tetraalkoxysilane, make that the nonvolatile component of binder resin is 13 parts, it is dissolved in the 2-propyl alcohol, and (the total solid constituent of coating fluid is 30 quality % with coating fluid to prepare second charge transport layer.)。

This second charge transport layer coating fluid of dip-coating on first charge transport layer solidifies (heat curing) 60 minutes with it down at 130 ℃, and forming film thickness is second charge transport layer of 5 μ m.

Then, same with embodiment 1-3, grind handled object (in the present embodiment on supporting mass, forming the handled object of conductive layer, middle layer, charge generation layer, first charge transport layer and second charge transport layer) side face (being the surface of second charge transport layer in the present embodiment), on the side face of handled object, along the circumferential direction form groove.

Thus, preparation has cylinder or columned supporting mass and the Organophotoreceptor layer that is arranged on this cylinder or the columned supporting mass, and forms the Electrophtography photosensor of a plurality of grooves in the direction of the general circumference in side face upper edge.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-15)

Same with embodiment 1-1, on supporting mass, form conductive layer, middle layer and charge generation layer.

Then, 30 parts of distyryl compounds with structure shown in the following formula (12) of dissolving, 50 parts of polyacrylate resins with 2 yuan of copoly types of constitutional repeating unit shown in constitutional repeating unit shown in the following formula (21a) and the following formula (21b) in the mixed solvent of 350 parts of monochloro-benzene/50 part dimethoxymethane (copolymerization ratio (21a): (21b)=7:3, weight-average molecular weight: 130000, (21a) and phthalic acid skeleton (21b) they all are right :=1:1 (mol ratio)), preparation charge transport layer coating fluid.

This charge transport layer coating fluid of dip-coating on charge generation layer, with its in being adjusted to 120 ℃ air drier dry 60 minutes, forming film thickness was the charge transport layer of 25 μ m.

Then, same with embodiment 1-1, grind handled object (in the present embodiment on supporting mass, forming the handled object of conductive layer, middle layer, charge generation layer and charge transport layer) side face (being the surface of charge transport layer in the present embodiment), on the side face of handled object, along the circumferential direction form groove.

Thus, preparation has cylinder or columned supporting mass and the Organophotoreceptor layer that is arranged on this cylinder or the columned supporting mass, forms the Electrophtography photosensor of a plurality of grooves in the direction of the general circumference in side face upper edge.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-16)

In embodiment 1-8, change into 80kV with the accelerating potential of the electron ray of coating fluid by 150kV with being radiated at second charge transport layer that is coated with on first charge transport layer, the condition of the heat treated of then carrying out after the electron ray irradiation " being to carry out 3 minutes under 150 ℃ the condition in the temperature of irradiated body " is changed into " being to carry out 90 seconds under 130 ℃ the condition in the temperature of irradiated body ", the oxygen concentration of nitrogen atmosphere is changed into beyond the 10ppm by 80ppm, prepared Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-8.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-17)

In embodiment 1-8, the condition of the heat treated of then carrying out after the electron ray irradiation " being to carry out 3 minutes under 150 ℃ the condition in the temperature of irradiated body " is changed into " being to carry out 3 minutes under 140 ℃ the condition in the temperature of irradiated body ", the oxygen concentration of nitrogen atmosphere is changed into beyond the 200ppm by 80ppm, prepared Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-8.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-18)

In embodiment 1-8, be 1.5Mrad (1.5 * 10 with the exposure dose of the electron ray of coating fluid by exposure dose except being radiated at second charge transport layer that is coated with on first charge transport layer ⁴Gy) change into 0.5Mrad (5 * 10 ³Gy), the condition of the heat treated of then carrying out after the electron ray irradiation " being to carry out 3 minutes under 150 ℃ the condition in the temperature of irradiated body " is changed into " being to carry out 3 minutes under 140 ℃ the condition in the temperature of irradiated body ", the oxygen concentration of nitrogen atmosphere is changed into beyond the 150ppm by 80ppm, prepared Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-8.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the Electrophtography photosensor that formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are used is determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-19)

Same with embodiment 1-3, on supporting mass, form conductive layer, middle layer and charge generation layer and first charge transport layer.

Then, 50 parts of dielectric tin oxide particles, 30 parts of hole transport ability compound and 150 parts of ethanol with structure shown in the following formula (13) were disperseed 70 minutes by puddle mixer, prepare the second charge transport layer coating fluid.

This second charge transport layer coating fluid of dip-coating on first charge transport layer.

Then, in nitrogen atmosphere (oxygen concentration 80ppm), second charge transport layer that is coated with on first charge transport layer with coating fluid on, be that 150kV, exposure dose are 1.55Mrad (1.5 * 10 with the accelerating potential ⁴Gy) behind the condition irradiation electron ray, be heat treated 3 minutes under 150 ℃ the condition then in the temperature of irradiated body (Electrophtography photosensor).In addition, in atmosphere, under 140 ℃, irradiated body is carried out 1 hour heat treated (aftertreatment), forming film thickness is second charge transport layer of 4 μ m.

Then, same with embodiment 1-3, grind the handled object side face, on the side face of handled object, along the circumferential direction form groove.

Thus, preparation has cylinder or columned supporting mass and the Organophotoreceptor (charge generation layer and charge transport layer) that is arranged on this cylinder or the columned supporting mass, forms the Electrophtography photosensor of a plurality of grooves in the direction of the general circumference in side face upper edge.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the Electrophtography photosensor that formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are used is determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-20)

In embodiment 1-3, except second charge transport layer is changed into 30 parts with the use amount of the hole transport ability compound with following formula (13) structure that uses in the coating fluid by 45 parts, further add 15 parts of acrylic monomerss at second charge transport layer in coating fluid with following formula (22) structure, will be when the handled object side face grinds, abrasive sheet is changed into beyond the 5N/m2 by 3N/m2 the squeeze pressure of handled object, prepares Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-3.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-21)

In embodiment 1-2, except the time that will grind the handled object side face was changed into 300 seconds by 450 seconds, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-2.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-22)

In embodiment 1-2, except the time that will grind the handled object side face was changed into 120 seconds by 450 seconds, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-2.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-23)

In embodiment 1-2, except the time that will grind the handled object side face was changed into 18 minutes by 450 seconds, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-2.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-24)

In embodiment 1-2, except the time that will grind the handled object side face was changed into 20 minutes by 450 seconds, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-2.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-25)

In embodiment 1-2, except will be when grinding the handled object side face, abrasive sheet to the squeeze pressure of handled object by 7.5N/m ²Change into 6N/m ², beyond the time of grinding the handled object side face changed into 100 seconds by 450 seconds, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-2.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-26)

In embodiment 1-2, except will be when grinding the handled object side face, abrasive sheet to the squeeze pressure of handled object by 7.5N/m ²Change into 8.5N/m ², beyond the time of grinding the handled object side face changed into 60 seconds by 450 seconds, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-2.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-27)

In embodiment 1-9, except the external diameter that will when grinding the handled object side face, use as 40cm, A Si card C hardness be 40 backing roll to change into external diameter be 30 backing roll as 40cm, A Si card C hardness, with the squeeze pressure of abrasive sheet by 3N/m ²Change into 7N/m ²In addition, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-9.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-28)

In embodiment 1-9, except the external diameter that will when grinding the handled object side face, use as 40mm, A Si card C hardness be 40 backing roll to change into external diameter be 20 backing roll as 40cm, A Si card C hardness, with the squeeze pressure of abrasive sheet by 3N/m ²Change into 11N/m ²In addition, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-9.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-29)

In embodiment 1-2, except the external diameter that will when grinding the handled object side face, use as 40mm, A Si card C hardness be 40 backing roll to change into external diameter be 45 backing roll as 80mm, Xiao A hardness, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-2.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-30)

In embodiment 1-29, except the external diameter that will when grinding the handled object side face, use as 80mm, Xiao A hardness be 45 backing roll to change into external diameter be 25 backing roll as 80mm, Shore hardness, with the squeeze pressure of abrasive sheet by 7.5N/m ²Change into 10N/m ²In addition, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-29.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-31)

In embodiment 1-29, except the external diameter that will when grinding the handled object side face, use as 80mm, Xiao A hardness be 45 backing roll to change into external diameter be 10 backing roll as 80mm, Shore hardness, with the squeeze pressure of abrasive sheet by 7.5N/m ²Change into 13.2N/m ²In addition, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-29.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

(embodiment 1-32)

In embodiment 1-29, except the external diameter that will when grinding the handled object side face, use as 80mm, Xiao A hardness be 45 backing roll to change into external diameter be 65 backing roll as 80mm, Shore hardness, with the squeeze pressure of abrasive sheet by 7.5N/m ²Change into 5.2N/m ²In addition, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-29.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 1～3.

Table 1

	Groove density	The density of groove (maximum) [μ m]	Rz [μm]	Rmax [μm]	Rmax-Rz [μm]	ΣWn	The average angle of groove
								Embodiment 1-1	300	4.8	0.51	0.60	0.09	510	0
Embodiment 1-2	330	5.8	0.55	0.66	0.11	600	0
								Embodiment 1-3	420	10.4	0.62	0.83	0.21	480	0
Embodiment 1-4	440	10.8	0.62	0.83	0.21	520	0
								Embodiment 15	500	12.1	0.71	0.95	0.24	640	0
Embodiment 1-6	560	13.2	0.75	0.98	0.23	730	0
								Embodiment 1-7	620	16.8	0.88	1.01	0.13	780	0
Embodiment 1-8	350	9.5	0.60	0.69	0.09	600	0
								Embodiment 1-9	500	11.2	0.69	0.81	0.12	630	0
Embodiment 1-10	680	13.7	0.77	0.95	0.18	700	0
								Embodiment 1-11	750	15.3	0.86	1.00	0.14	780	0
Embodiment 1-12	440	11.5	0.68	0.92	0.24	490	0
								Embodiment 1-13	300	6.1	0.52	0.61	0.09	520	0
Embodiment 1-14	320	6.3	0.63	0.72	0.09	590	0
								Embodiment 1-15	700	18.5	1.30	1.50	0.20	800	0
Embodiment 1-16	330	9.5	0.50	0.58	0.08	650	0
								Embodiment 1-17	500	11.2	0.80	0.92	0.12	680	0
Embodiment 1-18	820	15.8	1.10	1.25	0.15	700	0
								Embodiment 1-19	750	21.2	0.93	1.20	0.27	750	0
Embodiment 1-20	450	12.5	0.55	0.58	0.03	550	0
								Embodiment 1-21	180	4.5	0.42	0.53	0.11	420	0
Embodiment 1-22	80	3.3	0.35	0.41	0.06	200	0
								Embodiment 1-23	800	15.0	0.82	1.05	0.23	700	0
Embodiment 1-24	950	18.5	0.89	1.17	0.28	780	0
								Embodiment 1-25	50	3.1	0.30	0.38	0.08	120	0
Embodiment 1-26	20	25.3	0.68	0.90	0.22	340	0
								Embodiment 1-27	500	11.2	0.69	0.81	0.12	600	0
Embodiment 1-28	520	13.5	0.69	0.86	0.17	630	0
								Embodiment 1-29	600	9.1	0.79	0.92	0.13	650	0
Embodiment 1-30	650	12.3	0.82	1.00	0.18	700	0
								Embodiment 1-31	600	9.1	0.75	1.01	0.26	640	0
Embodiment 1-32	600	9.1	0.88	1.15	0.27	680	0

Table 2

Table 3

(embodiment 1-33)

In embodiment 1-2, except the grinding to the handled object side face is performed as follows, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-2.

Promptly, 75 μ m), grain size number 12 μ m), base material use the abrasive sheet AX-1500 that Fuji Photo film (strain) produces (to grind abrasive particle: aluminium oxide particles (mean grain size:: polyester film (thickness:: 1500), the handover speed of abrasive sheet is 250mm/min, the rotating speed of handled object is 15rpm, and abrasive sheet is 4N/m to the squeeze pressure of handled object ², the transfer direction of abrasive sheet and the sense of rotation of handled object are " in the same way ", use external diameter to be 40cm, and A Si card C hardness is 40 backing roll, and the side face of grinding handled object 250 seconds along the circumferential direction forms groove on the side face of handled object.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-34)

In embodiment 1-33, except when grinding the handled object side face, abrasive sheet to the squeeze pressure of handled object by 4N/m ²Change into 3.5N/m ², beyond the time of grinding the handled object side face changed into 400 seconds by 250 seconds, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-33.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-35)

In embodiment 1-2, except the grinding to the handled object side face is performed as follows, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-2.

Promptly, 75 μ m), grain size number 16 μ m), base material use the abrasive sheet AX-1000 that Fuji Photo film (strain) produces (to grind abrasive particle: aluminium oxide particles (mean grain size:: polyester film (thickness:: 1000), the handover speed of abrasive sheet is 250mm/min, the rotating speed of handled object is 15rpm, and abrasive sheet is 3.5N/m to the squeeze pressure of handled object ², the transfer direction of abrasive sheet and the sense of rotation of handled object are " in the same way ", use external diameter to be 40cm, and A Si card C hardness is 40 backing roll, and the side face of grinding handled object 400 seconds along the circumferential direction forms groove on the side face of handled object.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-36)

In embodiment 1-2, except the grinding to the handled object side face is performed as follows, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-2.

Promptly, 75 μ m), grain size number 2 μ m), base material use the abrasive sheet AX-5000 that Fuji Photo film (strain) produces (to grind abrasive particle: aluminium oxide particles (mean grain size:: polyester film (thickness:: 5000), the handover speed of abrasive sheet is 250mm/min, the rotating speed of handled object is 15rpm, and abrasive sheet is 2.5N/m to the squeeze pressure of handled object ², the transfer direction of abrasive sheet and the sense of rotation of handled object are to be " in the same way ", use external diameter to be 40cm, and A Si card C hardness is 40 backing roll, and the side face of grinding handled object 250 seconds along the circumferential direction forms groove on the side face of handled object.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-37)

In embodiment 1-2, except will be when grinding the handled object side face, the sense of rotation of abrasive sheet and handled object be changed into " oppositely " in addition by " in the same way ", prepares Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-2.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-38)

In embodiment 1-2, except when grinding the handled object side face, make beyond the sense of rotation reverse rotation in per 150 seconds of handled object, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-2.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-39)

In embodiment 1-9, except when grinding the handled object side face, by as shown in the figure, mobile handled object, on the side face of handled object, formation groove is formed with respect to circumferencial direction beyond 5 ° the average angle prepares Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-9.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-40)

In embodiment 1-39, except changing the amount of movement of Electrophtography photosensor, make beyond the groove that forms on the side face of handled object is 52 ° with respect to the average angle of circumferencial direction, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-9.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-41)

In embodiment 1-9, except when grinding the handled object side face, as shown in Figure 8, with the stroke width of the 8cm backing roll that moves around, make the groove that on the handled object side face, forms in addition, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally for ± 35 ° (+35 ° groove intersects with-35 ° groove) with embodiment 1-9 with respect to the average angle of circumferencial direction.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-42)

In embodiment 1-41, except moving around of backing roll changed into " stroke width with 4cm moves around " by " stroke width with 8cm moves around ", make the groove that on the handled object side face, forms in addition, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally for ± 15 ° (+15 ° groove intersects with-15 ° groove) with embodiment 1-41 with respect to the average angle of circumferencial direction.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the Electrophtography photosensor that formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are used is determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-43)

In embodiment 1-2, except when grinding the handled object side face, abrasive sheet is 10.5N/m to the squeeze pressure of handled object ², when grinding, as shown in figure 11, contact with the side face of handled object by making brush, thereby remove beyond the cutting powder of handled object side face, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-2.In addition, this brush is following type: the diameter of mandrel is that 12mm, bristle lengths are that the material of 5mm, bristle (hair) is that acryl resin, resistance value are 10 ³The fineness degree of Ω cm, bristle is that the radical of 6 daniers (0.66mg/m), bristle is 150F/mm ², the inlet that this brush enters handled object is 1mm, make this brush with the contrary direction of handled object sense of rotation on rotate with 60rpm.In addition, the external diameter of being removed the roller of cutting powder by this brush is 10mm, to voltage that this roller applies for+100V, make this roller with the contrary direction of the sense of rotation of this brush on rotate with 60rpm.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-44)

In embodiment 1-43, after finishing, separate abrasive sheet from handled object at the side face that grinds handled object, make under handled object and the brush state of contact, vibrate 3 minutes beyond, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-43.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the Electrophtography photosensor that formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are used is determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-45)

In embodiment 1-44, except brush being revised as following type: the diameter of mandrel is that 12mm, bristle lengths are that the material of 5mm, bristle (hair) is that polyamide, resistance value are that the thickness of 10 Ω cm, bristle is that the radical of 6 daniers (0.66mg/m), bristle is 150F/mm ²In addition, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-44.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-46)

In embodiment 1-44, except brush being revised as following type: the diameter of mandrel is that 12mm, bristle lengths are that the material of 5mm, bristle (hair) is that polyvinyl resin, resistance value are 10 ⁶The thickness of Ω cm, bristle is that the quantity of 6 daniers (0.66mg/m), bristle is 150F/mm ²In addition, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-44.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-47)

In embodiment 1-44, except brush being revised as following type: the diameter of mandrel is that 12mm, bristle lengths are that the material of 5mm, bristle (hair) is that aromatic poly amide, resistance value are 10 ²The thickness of Ω cm, bristle is that the radical of 6 daniers (0.66mg/m), bristle is 150F/mm ²In addition, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-44.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-48)

In embodiment 1-43, except brush being revised as following type: the diameter of mandrel is that 12mm, bristle lengths are that the material of 5mm, bristle (hair) is that acryl resin, resistance value are 10 ³The thickness of Ω cm, bristle is that the radical of 3 daniers (0.33mg/m), bristle is 310F/mm ²In addition, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-43.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-49)

In embodiment 1-43, except brush being revised as following type: the diameter of mandrel is that 12mm, bristle lengths are that the material of 5mm, bristle (hair) is that acryl resin, resistance value are 10 ³The thickness of Ω cm, bristle is that the radical of 10 daniers (1.11mg/m), bristle is 120F/mm ²In addition, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-43.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the Electrophtography photosensor that formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are used is determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-50)

In embodiment 1-43, except as shown in figure 10,, thereby remove beyond the cutting powder brush extruding scraper plate, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-43.In addition, this scraper plate is following type: material is that aluminium, thickness are 3mm, and scraper plate is 1.5mm to the inlet of brush, and scraper plate is a ground connection.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-51)

In embodiment 1-43, except using scraper plate replacement brush as shown in figure 12, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-43.In addition, this scraper plate is following type: material is that urethane resin, hardness are 80 °, and set pressure is 3g/mm.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-52)

In embodiment 1-51, except after grinding the handled object side face and finishing, separate abrasive sheet from handled object, make handled object and brush state of contact, vibrate 5 minutes beyond, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-43.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-53)

In embodiment 1-43,, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-43 except adding equally the scraper plate with embodiment 1-51.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-54)

In embodiment 1-53, except after grinding the handled object side face and finishing, separate abrasive sheet from handled object, make under handled object and the brush state of contact, vibrate 5 minutes beyond, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-53.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-55)

In embodiment 1-54, except separating abrasive sheet, under handled object and scraper plate state of contact from handled object, vibrate (after the first cleaning operation) after 5 minutes, re-use device as shown in figure 13, carry out preparing Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-54 beyond the second cleaning operation.

That is, use brushing sheet (マ ス -テ Star Network), the handover speed of brushing sheet is 10mm/min, and the rotating speed of handled object is 60rpm, and the scouring scraper plate is 15N/m to the squeeze pressure of handled object ², the sense of rotation of brushing sheet is opposite with the sense of rotation of Electrophtography photosensor.

In addition, use external diameter to be 40cm, A Si card C hardness is 40 backing roll, carries out the second cleaning operation 300 seconds.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-56)

In embodiment 1-55, except in the brushing sheet, containing distilled water, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-55.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-57)

In embodiment 1-16, except grind the side face of handled object by the such mechanism of the scraper plate of the brush of embodiment 1-50 and embodiment 1-51, after grinding end, separate abrasive sheet from handled object, make under handled object and brush and the scraper plate state of contact, beyond vibrating 5 minutes, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-16.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-58)

In embodiment 1-57, except separating abrasive sheet, under handled object and brush and scraper plate state of contact, vibrate 5 minutes from handled object, carry out again with embodiment 1-56 same second the cleaning operation beyond, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-57.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

(embodiment 1-59)

In embodiment 1-9, except the side face of handled object is ground in the combination by Magnetic brush shown in Figure 14 and embodiment 1-51 scraper plate, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-9 and estimate.30 μ m) and be ground connection in addition, this Magnetic brush uses metallics (ferrite, mean grain size:.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

In addition, when confirming the cutting powder of scraper edge, near the edge, observe metallics.

(embodiment 1-60)

In embodiment 1-59, except apply at Magnetic brush-500V, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-59.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

In addition, when confirming the cutting powder of scraper edge, near the edge, observe metallics.

(embodiment 1-61)

In embodiment 1-59,, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-59 except being provided with between scraper plate and the Magnetic brush the magnet.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

In addition, when determining the cutting powder of scraper edge, near the edge, almost do not observe metallics.

(embodiment 1-62)

In embodiment 1-61, except being that diameter is set is that the roller of 10mm replaces magnet the position of 0.5mm in distance, apply thereon beyond the voltage of 300V with Electrophtography photosensor, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-59.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

In addition, when having determined the cutting powder of scraper edge, almost metallics is observed at the end near the edge.

(embodiment 1-63)

In embodiment 1-61, except between magnetite and scraper plate, being provided with and the same brush of embodiment 1-43, apply thereon-voltage of 100V beyond, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-61.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

In addition, when having determined the cutting powder of scraper edge, near the edge, almost do not observe metallics.

(embodiment 1-64)

The Electrophtography photosensor of the same preparation of dipping and embodiment 1-9 in ethanol 20 minutes carries out ultrasonic cleaning, simultaneously with its Electrophtography photosensor as present embodiment.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the Electrophtography photosensor of formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate (We%) usefulness is determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being second charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 4～6.

Table 4

	Groove density	Groove density (maximum) [μ m]	Rz [μm]	Rmax [μm]	Rmax-Rz [μm]	ΣWn	The average angle of groove
								Embodiment 1-33	500	25.0	0.85	1.02	0.17	650	0
Embodiment 1-34	850	30.0	0.95	1.14	0.19	770	0
								Embodiment 1-35	300	40.0	1.22	1.32	0.10	710	0
Embodiment 136	800	1.0	0.30	0.56	0.26	420	0
								Embodiment 1-37	250	5.0	0.44	0.580	0.06	470	0
Embodiment 1-38	390	6.1	0.58	0.70	0.12	520	0
								Embodiment 1-39	500	11.2	0.69	0.81	0.12	600	0
Embodiment 1-40	350	14.2	0.65	0.72	0.12	510	5
								Embodiment 1-41	650	13.5	0.66	0.75	0.10	730	52
Embodiment 1-42	800	12.2	0.61	0.85	0.19	750	±35
								Embodiment 1-43	550	8.5	0.61	0.78	0.17	670	±15
Embodiment 1-44	550	8.5	0.61	0.78	0.17	670	0
								Embodiment 1-45	550	8.5	0.61	0.78	0.17	670	0
Embodiment 1-46	550	8.5	0.61	0.78	0.17	670	0
								Embodiment 1-47	550	8.5	0.61	0.78	0.17	670	0
Embodiment 1-48	550	8.5	0.61	0.78	0.17	670	0
								Embodiment 1-49	550	8.5	0.61	0.78	0.17	670	0
Embodiment 1-50	550	8.5	0.61	0.78	0.17	670	0
								Embodiment 1-51	420	10.4	0.62	0.83	0.21	650	0
Embodiment 1-52	420	10.4	0.62	0.83	0.21	650	0
								Embodiment 1-53	420	10.4	0.62	0.83	0.21	650	0
Embodiment 1-54	420	10.4	0.62	0.83	0.21	650	0
								Embodiment 1-55	420	10.4	0.62	0.83	0.21	630	0
Embodiment 1-56	420	9.5	0.50	0.83	0.21	620	0
								Embodiment 1-57	330	9.2	0.50	0.58	0.08	650	0
Embodiment 1-58	330	11.2	0.69	0.58	0.08	650	0
								Embodiment 1-59	500	11.2	0.69	0.81	0.12	640	0
Embodiment 1-60	500	11.2	0.69	0.81	0.12	640	0
								Embodiment 1-61	500	11.2	0.69	0.81	0.12	640	0
Embodiment 1-62	500	11.2	0.69	0.81	0.12	640	0
								Embodiment 1-63	500	11.2	0.69	0.81	0.12	640	0
Embodiment 1-64	500	11.2	0.69	0.81	0.12	620	0

Table 5

Table 6

(comparative example 1-1)

In embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of the material of handled object side face as this comparative example will do not ground.

Rz, Rmax, the Σ Wn of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, the average angle of groove are measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at superficial layer (being charge transport layer in this comparative example) universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 7～9.

In addition, carried out the paper durability experiment, and opened the beginning from 5000 and hear abnormal sound from cleaning balde.Cleaning balde takes place to curl in the time of 6000.

(comparative example 1-2)

Except the time that will grind the handled object side face in embodiment 1-1 was changed into 50 seconds by 450 seconds, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-1.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (being charge transport layer in this comparative example) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 7～9.

In addition, carry out the paper durability experiment, opened the beginning from 15000, on half tone image, found stripe pattern.If take out handle box (magnetic drum box), observe cleaning balde, find breach at the edge.

(comparative example 1-3)

Except the time that will grind the handled object side face in embodiment 1-1 was changed into 30 minutes by 450 seconds, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-1.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 7～9.

In addition, carried out the paper durability experiment, on half tone image, the concentration that Rmax-Rz surpasses the zone of 0.3 μ m diminishes.

(comparative example 1-4)

In embodiment 1-24, except the time that will grind the handled object side face was changed into 30 minutes by 20 minutes, prepare Electrophtography photosensor equally with embodiment 1-24.

Average angle to groove density, the well width of the Electrophtography photosensor side face of preparation, Rz, Rmax, Σ Wn, groove is measured.

In addition, same with embodiment 1-1, the Electrophtography photosensor of preparation is estimated.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, the preparation ulking thickness is measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, and the ulking thickness of the cutting powder piled up on the air surface of urethane resin system scraper plate is measured.

In addition, with above-mentioned same, formation determination universal hardness value (HU) and elastic deformation rate are measured the Electrophtography photosensor of usefulness, are determined at the universal hardness value (HU) and the elastic deformation rate that form the groove front and back on superficial layer (the being charge transport layer in the present embodiment) surface.

Above measurement result and evaluation result are shown in table 7～9.

In addition, carried out the paper durability experiment, in the second half section, the toner of observing striated is residual at durability experiment, also produces image deflects.

Table 7

	Groove density	Groove density (maximum) [μ m]	Rz [μm]	Rmax [μm]	Rmax-Rz [μm]	ΣWn	The average angle of groove
								Comparative example 1-1	-	-	0.04	0.11	0.07	-	-
Comparative example 1-2	12	3.0	0.25	0.30	0.05	20	0
								Comparative example 1-3	1100	12.7	0.82	1.25	0.43	870	0
Comparative example 1-4	1200	21.0	0.92	1.22	0.30	950	0

Table 8

Table 9

(embodiment 2-1～2-16 and comparative example 2-1～2-3)

In embodiment 2-1～2-16 and comparative example 2-1～2-3, respectively to the Electrophtography photosensor of the same preparation of the embodiment shown in the table 10, under hot and humid (32.5 ℃/85% RH) environment, flowing of image and piping of cleaning balde are carried out following evaluation.

That is, the duplicating machine that uses among the embodiment 1-1 is set under the environment of 32.5 ℃/85%RH, carry out 10000 cross the paper durability experiment after, placed 3 days with its previous status, secondarily day, carry out image output, image is flowed estimates.In addition, also the piping of the caused cleaning balde of rising of moment of torsion between the side face of Electrophtography photosensor when crossing the paper durability experiment and the cleaning balde estimated.Evaluation result is shown in Figure 10.

Table 10

	Electrophtography photosensor	Image flows	Piping of cleaning balde
				Embodiment 2-1	Embodiment 1-1	Do not have	Do not have
Embodiment 2-2	Embodiment 1-3	Do not have	Do not have
				Embodiment 2-3	Embodiment 1-7	Whole image produces and flows	Do not have
Embodiment 2-4	Embodiment 1-8	Do not have	Do not have
				Embodiment 2-5	Embodiment 1-9	Do not have	Do not have
Embodiment 2-6	Embodiment 1-10	Do not have	Do not have
				Embodiment 2-7	Embodiment 1-11	Because flowing, a part of image cause concentration to diminish	Do not have
Embodiment 2-8	Embodiment 1-16	Do not have	Do not have
				Embodiment 2-9	Embodiment 1-21	Do not have	Do not have
Embodiment 2-10	Embodiment 1-22	Do not have	9000 slight later on generations
				Embodiment 2-11	Embodiment 1-25	Do not have	5000 slight later on generations
Embodiment 2-12	Embodiment 1-27	Do not have	Do not have
				Embodiment 2-13	Embodiment 1-35	Do not have	Do not have
Embodiment 2-14	Embodiment 1-56	Do not have	Do not have
				Embodiment 2-15	Embodiment 1-57	Do not have	Do not have
Embodiment 2-16	Embodiment 1-58	Do not have	Do not have
				Embodiment 2-1	Embodiment 1-2	Do not have	1000 produce later on
Embodiment 2-2	Embodiment 1-3	Whole image produces and flows	Do not have
				Embodiment 2-3	Embodiment 1-4	Whole image produces and flows	Do not have

The value of Σ Wn is that 200～800 Electrophtography photosensor flows to its image and the evaluation result that pipes of cleaning balde is good.The Electrophtography photosensor of less than 200 is good to the evaluation result that its image flows, but because the side face and the contact area between the cleaning balde of Electrophtography photosensor are bigger, therefore torque is between the two risen easily, the tendency that exists cleaning balde to be easy to generate to pipe.Electrophtography photosensor above 800 is good to the result that cleaning balde pipes, but because the side face and the contact area between the cleaning balde of Electrophtography photosensor are less, therefore can't obtain enough friction effects, exists to be easy to generate the tendency that image flows.

(embodiment 3-1～3-5 and comparative example 2-1～3-2)

In embodiment 3-1～3-5 and comparative example 2-1～3-2, respectively to the Electrophtography photosensor of the same preparation of embodiment shown in the table 11, (22.5 ℃/5%RH) under the environment, the clean-up performance of toner is carried out following evaluation of low temperature and low humidities.

That is, the duplicating machine that uses among the embodiment 1-1 is set under the environment of 22.5 ℃/5% RH, carry out 10000 cross the paper durability experiment after, carry out picture appraisal, in addition, carry out the evaluation that the toner inner face adheres to equally with embodiment 1-1.Evaluation result is shown in the table 11.

Table 11

	Electrophtography photosensor	Picture appraisal	The toner inner face adheres to
				Embodiment 3-1	Embodiment 1-1	Cleaning is good, and is good	A
Embodiment 3-2	Embodiment 1-9	Cleaning is good, and is good	A
				Embodiment 3-3	Embodiment 1-16	Cleaning is good, and is good	A
Embodiment 3-4	Embodiment 1-18	Cleaning is good, and is good	B
				Embodiment 3-5	Embodiment 1-35	Cleaning is good, and is good	B
Embodiment 3-1	Embodiment 1-4	From initially beginning to produce the not good image of cleaning	-
				Embodiment 3-2	Embodiment 1-3	From initially beginning to produce the not good image of cleaning	-

Under Rz is situation below 1.3, find that on output image cleaning is not good, if but observe cleaning balde, then along with Rz increases, exist toner residual, produce the tendency of parcel.In addition, surpass 1000 situation for the groove density of Electrophtography photosensor, from initially beginning just to produce the not good image of cleaning of striated.

(embodiment 4-1～4-4)

In embodiment 4-1～4-4, respectively will with the Electrophtography photosensor of the same preparation of embodiment shown in the table 11 (wherein, the aluminium cylinder is changed into the cylinder of length 370mm, external diameter 84mm) be installed in the transformation machine (transforming) of the duplicating machine iRC6800 of Canon's (strain) system according to electronegative electrophotographic photoreceptor can be installed, under the environment of 22 ℃/55%RH, under the A4 pattern at panchromatic 5 intermittences, carry out 100000 paper durability experiment excessively, check the generation that has or not image deflects.In addition, carry out mensuration, observation Electrophtography photosensor and the cleaning balde of Electrophtography photosensor actual cut amount equally with embodiment 1-1.Evaluation result is shown in the table 12.

Table 12

	Electrophtography photosensor	Image deflects	The actual cut amount	Dark scar	Toner is deposited	The toner inner face adheres to
							Embodiment 4-1	Embodiment 1-1	Do not have	1.0	B	B	B
Embodiment 4-2	Embodiment 1-3	Do not have	0.2	A	A	A
							Embodiment 4-3	Embodiment 1-9	Do not have	0.2	A	A	A
Embodiment 4-4	Embodiment 1-11	Do not have	0.2	C	C	C

This application requires to quote the part of its content as the application at the Japanese patent application No. 2004-092099 of application on March 26th, 2004, at the Japanese patent application No. 2004-131660 of application on April 27th, 2004 with in the right of priority of the Japanese patent application No. 2004-308309 of application on October 22nd, 2004.

Claims (19)

1. Electrophtography photosensor, be have cylinder or columned supporting mass and be arranged on this cylinder or columned supporting mass on the cylindric or cylindric Electrophtography photosensor of organic photosensitive layer, it is characterized in that,

On the side face of this Electrophtography photosensor, this side face be to be formed with the groove of a plurality of width in 0.5～40 mu m range on the direction below 52 ° with respect to circumferencial direction,

The number of this groove is 20～1000 in per 1000 μ m width of this side face generatrix direction, the number of above-mentioned groove in per 1000 μ m width of this side face generatrix direction is made as i, following relational expression (a) when this i well width is made as W1 μ m～Wi μ m respectively, is satisfied in 20 ≦ i ≦ 1000

$200\≤\underset{n=1}{\overset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{Wn}\≤800---\left(a\right)$

2. Electrophtography photosensor according to claim 1, wherein, 10 average surface roughness Rz of the side face of above-mentioned Electrophtography photosensor are 0.3～1.3 μ m, and the difference Rmax-Rz of the maximum surfaceness Rmax of these 10 average surface roughness Rz and this side face is below the 0.3 μ m.

3. Electrophtography photosensor according to claim 1 and 2, wherein above-mentioned groove crosses one another.

4. according to each described Electrophtography photosensor in the claim 1～3, wherein under 23 ℃/50%RH environment, making hardness is that 77 ° urethane resin system scraper plate abuts to above-mentioned Electrophtography photosensor on the side face with the rotation of the peripheral speed of 150mm/s in the time of 90 seconds with linear pressure 2g/mm, and the above-mentioned Electrophtography photosensor of piling up on the air surface of this urethane resin system scraper plate cuts the ulking thickness of powder in the scope of 0.1～5 μ m.

5. according to each described Electrophtography photosensor in the claim 1～4, wherein, the elastic deformation rate of above-mentioned Electrophtography photosensor side face is 45～65%.

6. Electrophtography photosensor according to claim 5, wherein, the elastic deformation rate of above-mentioned Electrophtography photosensor side face is 50～65%.

7. according to each described Electrophtography photosensor in the claim 1～6, the universal hardness value HU of wherein above-mentioned Electrophtography photosensor side face is 150～210N/mm ²

8. handle box, it is characterized in that, with each described Electrophtography photosensor in the claim 1～7 and at least a unit one supporting that is selected from the group of forming by charged elements, developing cell, transfer printing unit and cleaning unit, and can load and unload with respect to the electro-photography apparatus subject freedom.

9. an electro-photography apparatus is characterized in that, has each described Electrophtography photosensor, charged elements, exposing unit, developing cell and transfer printing unit in the claim 1～7.

10. electro-photography apparatus according to claim 9 also has cleaning unit.

11. the manufacture method of an Electrophtography photosensor, it is the method for making each described Electrophtography photosensor in the claim 1～7, it is characterized in that the superficial layer that comprises the superficial layer that forms this Electrophtography photosensor forms operation and with the surface roughening operation of the surface roughening of this superficial layer.

12. the manufacture method of Electrophtography photosensor according to claim 11, wherein, above-mentioned surface roughening operation is to be dispersed with the operation that carry out on surface that grinding component that the layer that grinds abrasive particle forms abuts to above-mentioned superficial layer by being provided with on base material.

13. the manufacture method of Electrophtography photosensor according to claim 12, wherein, above-mentioned grinding component is to be provided with to be dispersed with layer abrasive sheet that forms that grinds abrasive particle on flat substrates, use abuts to the roller of above-mentioned superficial layer by this abrasive sheet is made this abrasive sheet from the surface that above-mentioned superficial layer is received in this flat substrates side pressure, and the A Si card C hardness of this roller is 10～70.

14. the manufacture method of Electrophtography photosensor according to claim 12, wherein, above-mentioned grinding component is to be provided with to be dispersed with layer abrasive sheet that forms that grinds abrasive particle on flat substrates, use is by making this abrasive sheet abut to the roller of above-mentioned superficial layer this abrasive sheet from the surface that above-mentioned superficial layer is received in this flat substrates side pressure, the Shore hardness of this roller is 5～70.

15. manufacture method according to each described Electrophtography photosensor in the claim 11～14, wherein, operation in the time of as above-mentioned surface roughening operation has cleaning operation A, it is contacted with the surface of above-mentioned superficial layer by making cleaning part, cleans the surface of above-mentioned superficial layer.

16. the manufacture method of Electrophtography photosensor according to claim 15, wherein, the parts that use among the above-mentioned cleaning operation A are at least a parts that are selected from the group of being made up of endless belt, brush, roller, strip and scraper plate.

17. manufacture method according to each described Electrophtography photosensor in the claim 11～16, wherein, subsequent processing as above-mentioned surface roughening operation, has the cleaning process B, this cleaning process B is contacted with the surface of above-mentioned superficial layer by making cleaning part, cleans the surface of above-mentioned superficial layer.

18. the manufacture method of Electrophtography photosensor according to claim 17, wherein, the parts that use in the above-mentioned cleaning process B are to be selected from least a parts in the group of being made up of endless belt, brush, roller, strip and scraper plate.

19. manufacture method according to each described Electrophtography photosensor in the claim 11～18, wherein, subsequent processing as above-mentioned surface roughening operation, has cleaning operation C, product behind the roughening is impregnated in the liquid this cleaning operation C by above-mentioned roughening operation with the surface of above-mentioned superficial layer, and it is vibrated carry out.

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